A prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure

Abstract

This invention provides a prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure, comprising: a first structural plate, including a first side and a second side, the first structural plate being connected to an initial support layer via the first side; a second structural plate, including a third side and a fourth side, the second structural plate being connected to a secondary lining layer via the fourth side; a first buffer energy dissipation space being formed between the second side and the third side; and a flexible energy dissipation component disposed within the first buffer energy dissipation space, the flexible energy dissipation component comprising a first plate made of a plastic material, and a first porous lightweight material filling the first buffer energy dissipation space and enveloping the periphery of the first plate, the first plate being wavy; and a first buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the first porous lightweight material being provided on the outer wall of the first porous lightweight material, wherein when the first porous lightweight material is compressed, the gas inside the first porous lightweight material is compressed and released through the first buffer energy absorption channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground engineering technology, and specifically relates to a prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure. Background Technology

[0002] In underground engineering, due to the low strength and significant rheological properties of weak rock masses, the initial support structure is prone to deformation and failure due to excessive rock mass deformation pressure during the initial excavation and the secondary lining during its service life. As an interlayer support structure, the buffer layer absorbs the harmful deformation of the surrounding rock and dissipates some of the deformation energy of the surrounding rock through constant resistance deformation during the volume compression process of the buffer layer, thereby reducing the load on the support structure. Especially under eccentric pressure conditions, it can make the support structure more uniformly stressed. The existing buffer layer support has the following main problems: (1) The infill support structure, such as foamed concrete, ceramsite lightweight soil and other materials, is cast in place, which has a long curing time and the disassembly and assembly of the formwork is time-consuming and laborious. Polyurethane, polyethylene lightweight foam and other materials are easy to lay, but because they are not fireproof, they are not suitable for promotion in special projects such as tunnel engineering. (2) Non-filled support structures, such as thin-walled round steel pipes as buffer energy-absorbing elements, are installed at intervals, and the stress points for achieving constant resistance support are discontinuous. Although they can absorb the deformation of the surrounding rock to a certain extent, they are prone to causing excessive local stress in the support structure. Furthermore, the interlayer gaps and paving gaps caused by the discrete points are not conducive to the implementation of waterproof structures in underground engineering and are prone to damaging the waterproof layer.

[0003] It is evident that providing a buffer layer support structure that can alleviate the deformation pressure of underground rock mass, is easy to install, has strong applicability, and has minimal impact on other construction procedures is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure to at least solve the above-mentioned technical problems;

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the first aspect of this invention provides a prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure. This buffer layer support structure can be laid between the initial support and the surrounding rock as a buffer layer as needed, or it can be laid between the initial support and the secondary lining as a buffer layer as needed. It can be arranged across the entire cross section, or it can be arranged separately at the arch, the bottom invert, and the arch foot as needed. The support structure includes: a first structural plate, including a first side and a second side, the first structural plate being connected to the initial support layer via the first side; a second structural plate, including a third side and a fourth side, the second structural plate being connected to the secondary lining layer via the fourth side; a first buffer energy dissipation space being formed between the first side and the fourth side; a flexible energy dissipation component disposed within the first buffer energy dissipation space, the flexible energy dissipation component including a first plate as a skeleton, and a first porous lightweight material filling the first buffer energy dissipation space and enveloping the periphery of the first plate, the first plate being wavy; a first buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the first porous lightweight material being provided on the outer wall of the first porous lightweight material, the gas inside the first porous lightweight material being squeezed and released through the first buffer energy absorption channel when the first porous lightweight material is compressed; the first structural plate, the flexible energy dissipation component, and the second structural plate forming an integral first structure.

[0006] In the first aspect, the buffer energy absorption assembly further includes: a second plate disposed parallel to and opposite to the first plate; the second plate is wavy, and a second buffer energy dissipation space is formed between the second plate and the first plate, the second buffer energy dissipation space being filled with a porous lightweight material; a second buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the second porous lightweight material is provided on the outer wall of the second porous lightweight material, so that when the second porous lightweight material is compressed, the gas inside the second porous lightweight material can be compressed and released through the second buffer energy absorption channel; the first plate, the porous lightweight material and the second plate form an integral second structure.

[0007] In the first aspect, the first plate and the second plate are sinusoidal in shape, the crest of the first plate being connected to the second side of the first structural plate on the corresponding side, and the crest of the second plate being connected to the fourth side panel of the second structural plate on the corresponding side.

[0008] In the first aspect, the crest portion of the first plate is welded to the second side surface of the corresponding first structural plate, and the crest portion of the second plate is welded to the fourth side panel of the corresponding second structural plate; and / or; the crest portion of the first plate is connected to the second side surface of the corresponding first structural plate by a first anchor rod, and the crest portion of the second plate is connected to the fourth side panel of the corresponding second structural plate by a second anchor rod.

[0009] In the first aspect, the flexible energy dissipation component further includes: a third plate; and a fourth plate horizontally opposed to the third plate, wherein the third plate and the fourth plate are horizontal plates, a third buffer energy dissipation space is formed between the third plate and the fourth plate, and a third porous lightweight material is filled between the third plate and the fourth plate. The outer wall of the porous lightweight material is provided with a third buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the porous lightweight material, so that when the porous lightweight material is compressed, the gas in the third buffer energy absorption channel is released; the third plate, the porous lightweight material and the fourth plate form an integral third structure.

[0010] In the first aspect, the thickness of the first structure is 50 to 250 mm.

[0011] In the first aspect, the porous lightweight material disposed between the first plate and the second plate has a filling density of 250–700 kg / m³. 3 .

[0012] In the first aspect, the porous lightweight material includes one of the following materials: foamed concrete, lightweight soil mixed with ceramsite microspheres, porous slag material, polyurethane foam, etc.

[0013] In the first aspect, the flexible energy dissipation component is multi-layered and is disposed at the invert arch position of the tunnel.

[0014] In the first aspect, the first plate and the second structure are provided with a plurality of casting holes.

[0015] Beneficial Effects: This invention proposes a prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure. By setting a flexible energy dissipation component between a first structural plate and a second structural plate, the flexible energy dissipation component can achieve a buffering and energy dissipation effect when the soft rock tunnel support structure is subjected to stress compression. During the installation, the first side of the first structural plate is connected to the initial support layer, and the second side of the second structural plate is connected to the secondary lining layer, so that a first buffer energy dissipation space is formed between the second side and the fourth side of the first structural plate. Then, a first plate and a first porous lightweight material surrounding the first plate are set in the first buffer space. The first plate is wavy, and the first porous lightweight material has a first buffer energy absorption channel inside. When the first porous lightweight material is subjected to stress compression, the shape of the first buffer energy absorption channel will also deform, so as to squeeze and release the gas inside the first porous lightweight material through the first buffer energy absorption channel. When the first buffer energy absorption channel deforms, it will also drive the first plate set inside the first porous lightweight material to deform accordingly, thereby achieving the technical effect of offsetting external stress compression. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 The structure of the prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 The structure of the prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the flexible energy dissipation component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 The structure of the prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0021] Figure 5 The structure of the prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 .

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1. Initial support layer;

[0024] 2. Flexible energy dissipation component; 201. First structural plate; 202. Second structural plate; 203. First sheet material; 204. First porous lightweight material; 205. Second sheet material; 206. Second porous lightweight material;

[0025] 3. Secondary lining layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this specification, when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in the embodiments of this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure. The support structure is set between the initial support layer 1 and the secondary lining layer 3 of the tunnel. The support structure includes: a first structural plate 201, a second structural plate 202, and a flexible energy dissipation component 2 set in the first buffer energy dissipation space.

[0030] The first structural plate 201 includes a first side and a second side, and the first structural plate 201 is connected to the initial support layer 1 through the first side; the second structural plate 202 includes a third side and a fourth side, and the second structural plate 202 is connected to the secondary lining layer 3 through the fourth side; a first buffer energy dissipation space is formed between the second side and the third side; the flexible energy dissipation component 2 includes a first plate 203 made of a plastic material, and a first porous lightweight material 204 filled in the first buffer energy dissipation space and surrounding the first plate 203, the first plate 203 being wavy; a first buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the first porous lightweight material 204 is provided on the outer wall of the first porous lightweight material 204, so that when the first porous lightweight material 204 is compressed, the gas inside the first porous lightweight material 204 is compressed and released through the first buffer energy absorption channel; the first structural plate 201, the flexible energy dissipation component 2, and the second structural plate 202 form an integrated first structure.

[0031] Specifically, Embodiment 1 of the present invention proposes a prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure. A flexible energy dissipation component 2 is installed between the first structural plate 201 and the second structural plate 202. This allows the flexible energy dissipation component 2 to buffer and dissipate energy when the soft rock tunnel support structure is subjected to stress compression. During installation, the first side of the first structural plate 201 is connected to the initial support layer 1, and the second side of the second structural plate 202 is connected to the secondary lining layer 3, forming a first buffer energy dissipation space between the second side of the first structural plate 201 and the fourth side of the second structural plate 202. Then, a second... A plate 203 and a first porous lightweight material 204 are disposed around the periphery of the first plate 203. The first plate 203 is wavy and the first porous lightweight material 204 has a first buffer energy absorption channel inside. When the first porous lightweight material 204 is subjected to stress compression, the shape of the first buffer energy absorption channel will also deform, so as to compress and release the gas inside the first porous lightweight material 204 through the first buffer energy absorption channel. When the first buffer energy absorption channel deforms, it will also drive the first plate 203 disposed inside the first porous lightweight material 204 to undergo corresponding deformation, thereby achieving the technical effect of counteracting external stress compression.

[0032] It should be noted that the first plate 203, the first porous lightweight material 204, and the second plate 205 can be used for the buffer layer support between the initial support layer 1 and the secondary lining layer 3. They are easy to install, forming a smooth outline without protrusions after installation, and have minimal impact on the waterproofing layer. Furthermore, the first and second plates are preferably made of thin sheet iron, which has good thermal conductivity; and the porous lightweight material provides excellent insulation.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the buffer energy absorption assembly further includes: a second plate 205 disposed parallel to and opposite to the first plate 203; the second plate 205 is wavy, and a second buffer energy dissipation space is formed between the second plate 205 and the first plate 203, the second buffer energy dissipation space being filled with a porous lightweight material; a second buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the second porous lightweight material 206 is provided on the outer wall of the second porous lightweight material 206, so that when the second porous lightweight material 206 is compressed, the gas inside the second porous lightweight material 206 can be compressed and released through the second buffer energy absorption channel; the first plate 203, the first porous lightweight material 204, and the second plate 205 form an integral second structure.

[0034] To enhance the structural stability of the energy-absorbing buffer assembly, a second plate 205 is provided, parallel to and opposite to the first plate 203, with both having a matching wavy shape. A second energy-dissipating buffer space is formed between the second plate 205 and the first plate 203, and this space is filled with porous lightweight material. A second energy-absorbing buffer channel is provided on the outer wall of the second porous lightweight material 206, connecting the interior of the material. When the material is compressed, the gas inside is released through the channel. The first plate 203, the second porous lightweight material 206, and the second plate 205 form an integrated second structure. A casting hole is provided on the outer wall of the second structure for casting the porous lightweight material. The second porous lightweight material 206 can be porous lightweight concrete.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the first plate 203 and the second plate 205 are sinusoidal in shape. The crest of the sinusoidal first plate 203 is connected to the second side of the corresponding first structural plate 201, and the crest of the sinusoidal second plate 205 is connected to the fourth side panel of the corresponding second structural plate 202.

[0036] This is because the sine wave shape has standard-sized crests and troughs, giving it stable structural performance. This is achieved by connecting the crest of the first plate 203 to the corresponding second side of the first structural plate 201, and by connecting the crest of the second plate 205 to the corresponding fourth side panel of the second structural plate 202, thus forming a stable integrated structure. Furthermore, this example proposes a specific implementation method for the connection between the first plate 203 and the first structural plate 201, and between the second plate 205 and the second structural plate 202. This implementation method includes: welding the crest of the first plate 203 to the corresponding second side of the first structural plate 201; welding the crest of the second plate 205 to the corresponding fourth side panel of the second structural plate 202; and / or; connecting the crest of the first plate 203 to the corresponding second side of the first structural plate 201 using a first anchor rod, and connecting the crest of the second plate 205 to the corresponding fourth side panel of the second structural plate 202 using a second anchor rod.

[0037] In some possible implementations, the flexible energy dissipation component 2 further includes: a third plate; a fourth plate horizontally opposed to the third plate, the third and fourth plates being horizontal plates, forming a third buffer energy dissipation space between the third and fourth plates, the space between the third and fourth plates being filled with a third porous lightweight material, the outer wall of the porous lightweight material being provided with a third buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the porous lightweight material, so that when the porous lightweight material is compressed, the gas in the third buffer energy absorption channel is released; the third plate, the porous lightweight material and the fourth plate form an integrated third structure.

[0038] This is because, in order to adapt to the needs of different installation locations, the third and fourth plates of the flexible energy dissipation component 2 are set as horizontal plates.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the thickness of the first structure is 50 to 250 mm.

[0040] In practice, the thickness of the first structure can be selected based on the size of the tunnel and the installation requirements.

[0041] In some possible embodiments, the filling density of the first porous lightweight material 204 disposed between the first plate 203 and the second plate 205, and the second porous lightweight material disposed between the third plate and the fourth plate, is 250-700 kg / m³. 3 .

[0042] This density can meet the requirements of the buffer layer for pressure and deformation under different working conditions.

[0043] In some possible implementations, the porous lightweight material includes one of the following materials: foamed concrete, lightweight soil mixed with ceramsite microspheres, porous slag material, and polyurethane foam, etc.

[0044] It should be noted that the above-mentioned material has good fire resistance and a special feature of rapid solidification after casting, which makes it suitable for applications that are not prone to fire.

[0045] In some possible implementations, the flexible energy dissipation component 2 is multi-layered and is located at the invert of the tunnel.

[0046] It should be noted that flexible energy dissipation components can be installed in single or multiple layers. They can be laid between the initial support and the surrounding rock as a buffer layer, or between the initial support and the secondary lining as a buffer layer, as needed. They can be arranged across the entire cross section, or separately at the arch, bottom invert, and arch foot as needed.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the first plate and the second structure are provided with a plurality of pouring holes. The pouring holes are arranged in a staggered pattern to facilitate the flow of grout between them during pouring.

[0048] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0049] 1. Porous lightweight soil-filled corrugated sandwich panels can be used as a buffer layer support structure in underground engineering to achieve prefabricated construction of the buffer layer. By adjusting parameters such as the thickness of the corrugated sandwich panels, the density of the filling material, and the number of buffer layers, the pressure and deformation requirements of the buffer layer under different working conditions can be met.

[0050] 2. Porous lightweight soil-filled corrugated sandwich panels can be used for buffer support between initial support and surrounding rock. On the one hand, the pressure of the surrounding rock is transmitted more evenly to the steel arch and shotcrete through the energy-absorbing panels. On the other hand, the safety of workers can be improved due to the protection of the energy-absorbing panels.

[0051] 3. Porous lightweight soil-filled corrugated sandwich panels can be used as buffer layer support between the initial support and the secondary lining layer. They are easy to install, and after installation, they form a smooth outline without any protrusions, which has little impact on the laying of the waterproof layer.

[0052] 4. Porous lightweight soil-filled corrugated sandwich panels can be processed into curved or flat shapes to meet the needs of different installation locations.

[0053] 5. The corrugated sandwich panels filled with lightweight soil are continuously arranged along the tunnel outline. Compared with discontinuous buffer energy-absorbing components, the lining structure is subjected to more uniform stress.

[0054] 6. The sinusoidal cell wall of the porous lightweight soil-filled corrugated sandwich panel allows for more stable pressure during compression compared to a typical straight wall.

[0055] Since Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 are embodiments under the same inventive concept and have some identical structures, the structures in Embodiment 2 that are substantially the same as those in Embodiment 1 will not be described in detail. For the parts not described in detail, please refer to Embodiment 1.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure, characterized in that, The support structure includes: The first structural plate includes a first side and a second side, and the first structural plate is connected to the initial support layer through the first side. The second structural plate includes a third side and a fourth side, and the second structural plate is connected to the secondary lining layer through the fourth side; a first buffer energy dissipation space is formed between the second side and the third side; A flexible energy dissipation component is disposed within the first buffer energy dissipation space. The flexible energy dissipation component includes a first plate made of a plastic material and a first porous lightweight material filled within the first buffer energy dissipation space and surrounding the first plate. The first plate is wavy. A first buffer energy absorption channel communicating with the interior of the first porous lightweight material is provided on the outer wall of the first porous lightweight material. When the first porous lightweight material is compressed, the gas inside the first porous lightweight material is compressed and released through the first buffer energy absorption channel. The first structural plate, the flexible energy dissipation component, and the second structural plate form an integral first structure. The flexible energy dissipation component also includes: A second plate is arranged parallel to and opposite to the first plate; the second plate is wavy, and a second buffer energy dissipation space is formed between the second plate and the first plate, the second buffer energy dissipation space is filled with a second porous lightweight material; a second buffer energy absorption channel is provided on the outer wall of the second porous lightweight material, which connects to the interior of the second porous lightweight material, so that when the second porous lightweight material is compressed, the gas inside the second porous lightweight material can be compressed and released through the second buffer energy absorption channel; the first plate, the second porous lightweight material and the second plate form an integral second structure; The first plate and the second plate are sinusoidal in shape. The crest of the first plate is connected to the second side of the first structural plate on the corresponding side. The crest of the second plate is connected to the fourth side of the second structural plate on the corresponding side. The first plate and the second structure are provided with a number of casting holes.

2. The prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crest of the first plate, which is in the shape of a sine wave, is welded to the second side of the first structural plate on the corresponding side; the crest of the second plate, which is in the shape of a sine wave, is welded to the fourth side of the second structural plate on the corresponding side. and / or; The crest of the first plate, which is in the shape of a sine wave, is connected to the second side of the corresponding first structural plate by a first anchor rod, and the crest of the second plate, which is in the shape of a sine wave, is connected to the fourth side of the corresponding second structural plate by a second anchor rod.

3. The prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first structure is 50~250mm.

4. The prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first porous lightweight material and the second porous lightweight material include one of foamed concrete, lightweight soil mixed with ceramsite microspheres, porous slag, and polyurethane foam.

5. The prefabricated underground engineering buffer layer support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible energy dissipation component is multi-layered and is installed at the invert arch of the tunnel.

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