Hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segment and shield tunnel

Abstract

The application provides a hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segment and a shield tunnel, wherein recesses are arranged at positions close to outer walls of left and right side walls and upper and lower side walls of a segment body, and the recesses are provided with male and female sealing strips; the male sealing strip comprises a first hot-melt rubber strip and a strip-shaped metal plate, the lower part of the metal plate is fixed to the inside of the first hot-melt rubber strip, the upper part of the metal plate extends from the top surface of the first hot-melt rubber strip, and the bottom of the metal plate is provided with two wiring points; two wiring seats are further arranged in the recesses, the wiring seats correspond to the positions of the wiring points on the metal plate and are in electrical communication; wires are pre-embedded in the segment body, one end of the wires is connected to the wiring seats, and the other end of the wires is located on the inner wall of the segment body. In the application, hot-melt glue is coated on the metal plate and filled into the gap between the two sealing strips, so that a dense waterproof sealing layer is formed, which can achieve excellent waterproof effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention provides a thermofusion self-sealing shield tunnel segment for use in shield tunnels, belonging to the field of tunnel structure technology. Background Technology

[0002] The shield tunneling method is a fully mechanized construction method in the cut-and-cover method. It involves advancing the shield machine underground, using the shield shell and segments to support the surrounding rock and prevent collapse into the tunnel. At the same time, cutting devices are used to excavate the soil in front of the excavation face, and the soil is transported out of the tunnel by excavation machinery. Jacks are used to pressurize and push the tunnel forward from the rear, and precast concrete segments are assembled to form the tunnel structure.

[0003] The tunnel segments of a shield tunnel are the main assembly components in shield tunneling construction. They form the innermost barrier of the tunnel, bearing the responsibility of resisting soil pressure, groundwater pressure, and other special loads. Shield tunnel segments are the permanent lining structure of shield tunnels, and their quality directly affects the overall quality and safety of the tunnel, influencing its waterproofing and durability. Each shield tunnel segment is pre-designed according to the tunnel's diameter and orientation, and then manufactured using molds. Due to the segmented, spliced ​​lining structure of shield tunnels, waterproofing the segment joints is crucial for the normal use of the tunnel and the safety of the surrounding environment. Currently, waterproofing construction for shield tunnel structures in China mainly includes: self-waterproofing of the segment structure, waterproofing of lining joints with external waterproofing coatings (elastic sealing gaskets, caulking), waterproofing of bolt holes, and leakage treatment. Among these, the key construction technique for controlling tunnel leakage is waterproofing of the lining joints. Currently, the most common method for waterproofing joints is to use elastic sealing gaskets. However, due to insufficient standardization and precision in construction, the strong water pressure at the bottom of rivers, lakes and seas, and the impact of factors such as settlement and vibration on shield tunnels, it is quite difficult to achieve absolute waterproofing. We can only try to reduce the amount of leakage and minimize the damage caused by leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segment. The segment is coated with hot-melt adhesive onto a metal plate and filled into the gap between two sealing strips, thereby forming a dense waterproof sealing layer that provides excellent waterproofing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A heat-fused self-sealing shield tunnel segment includes at least a segment body and pre-drilled arc-shaped bolt holes on the segment body. Grooves are provided on the left and right sidewalls and the upper and lower sidewalls near the outer wall. The two grooves on the left and right sidewalls are positioned opposite each other, with one groove having an arc-shaped male sealing strip and the other having an arc-shaped female sealing strip. The two grooves on the upper and lower sidewalls are positioned opposite each other, with one groove having a straight male sealing strip and the other having a straight female sealing strip.

[0007] The male sealing strip includes a first hot-melt rubber strip and a strip-shaped metal plate. The lower part of the metal plate is fixed inside the first hot-melt rubber strip, and the upper part of the metal plate extends from the top surface of the first hot-melt rubber strip. Two connection points are provided at the bottom of the metal plate. The female sealing strip is composed of a second hot-melt rubber strip, and the second hot-melt rubber strip has the same structure as the first hot-melt rubber strip.

[0008] Two terminal blocks are installed in the grooves where the sealing strips are installed. The terminal blocks correspond to the connection points on the metal plate and are electrically connected. Wires are embedded in the segment body. One end of the wire is connected to the terminal block, and the other end of the wire is located on the inner wall of the segment body.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface of the metal plate is provided with an uneven pattern to increase the bonding strength between the metal plate and the hot melt rubber.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first and second hot melt rubber strips have porous structures, and the melting point of the first hot melt rubber strip is higher than that of the second hot melt rubber strip.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the groove is a trapezoid with a larger inner diameter and a smaller outer diameter. The cross-sectional structure of the first and second hot-melt rubber strips is also trapezoidal, and their thickness is greater than the depth of the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the top edge of the metal plate is sharp.

[0013] Furthermore, a pre-reserved slot is provided on the top surface of the female sealing strip at the center line position to facilitate the insertion of the metal plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the connection point is a two-conical protrusion structure, and the terminal block is funnel-shaped with a larger outer surface and a smaller inner surface. The connection point extends from the bottom surface of the first hot melt rubber strip and is inserted into the terminal block, thereby electrically connecting with the wires in the tube body.

[0015] Furthermore, a plastic tube is pre-embedded in the segment body, and the wire passes through the plastic tube. The plastic tube has an arc-shaped or bent structure, with one end connected to the terminal block and the other end leading to the inner wall of the segment body.

[0016] Furthermore, the two connection points on the metal plate are located on the bottom edge of the metal plate and near the two ends.

[0017] The present invention also provides a shield tunnel based on the above-mentioned hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segments. The shield tunnel is constructed by laying the above-mentioned hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segments. At the joints in the circumferential direction and the axial direction between adjacent segments, male and female sealing strips that cooperate with each other are provided. The metal plate on the male sealing strip is inserted into the interior of the female sealing strip from the top surface of the female sealing strip. The first hot-melt rubber strip and the second hot-melt rubber strip are pressed against each other. After the metal plate is heated by electricity, it generates high temperature, which melts the rubber in the contact parts of the first and second hot-melt rubber strips with the metal plate and adheres to the surface of the metal plate and the gap between the first and second hot-melt rubber strips, thereby forming a dense waterproof structure.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segments and shield tunnel provided by this invention have the following advantages: 1. In this application, an innovative method of waterproofing is adopted by heating and melting with electricity. The melting point of rubber is usually between 90-140℃, and varies depending on the material. After the metal plate is energized through the reserved wires, heat is generated, making the temperature around the metal plate higher than the melting point of the rubber. At this time, the rubber around the metal plate will gradually melt. As the power is stopped and the temperature drops, the melted rubber will adhere to the metal plate. The pattern set on the surface of the metal plate can increase the adhesion between the rubber and the metal plate. At the same time, the melted rubber will gradually penetrate into the gap between the male and female sealing strips, sealing the gap. Combined with the sealing effect of the metal plate, it can effectively block the space between the outside and the inside of the tunnel, preventing the leakage of external water.

[0019] 2. Because the molten rubber is coated on the metal plate, it not only waterproofs the metal plate but also prevents water or seawater from corroding and rusting it, thus making the waterproofing effect more stable and the service life longer. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segment provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the male and female sealing strips.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a shield tunnel based on thermally fused self-sealing shield tunnel segments;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0024] In the figure: 1-segment body, 2-arc bolt hole, 3-groove, 4-first hot melt rubber strip, 5-metal plate, 6-connection point, 7-second hot melt rubber strip, 8-terminal, 9-wire, 10-plastic pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0026] The overall structure of the hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segment provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the overall shape of the tunnel segment body 1 is consistent with that of a conventional shield tunnel segment. Arc-shaped bolt holes 2 are pre-drilled on the segment body for installing arc-shaped bolts during construction and laying. Grooves 3 are provided near the outer wall on the left and right sidewalls and the upper and lower sidewalls of the segment body. The two grooves on the left and right sidewalls are positioned opposite each other, with one groove containing an arc-shaped male sealing strip and the other containing an arc-shaped female sealing strip. Similarly, the two grooves on the upper and lower sidewalls are positioned opposite each other, with one groove containing a straight male sealing strip and the other containing a straight female sealing strip. The structures of the male and female sealing strips are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the straight male and female sealing strips are installed in the grooves on the upper and lower side walls of the segment body, respectively. The curved male and female sealing strips are not shown in the figure. Their cross-sectional structure is the same as that of the straight male and female sealing strips. The difference is that they are curved as a whole and are installed in the curved grooves on the left and right side walls of the segment body.

[0027] The sealing strip includes a first hot-melt rubber strip 4 and a strip-shaped metal plate 5, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the lower part of the metal plate is fixed inside the first hot-melt rubber strip, and the upper part of the metal plate extends from the top surface of the first hot-melt rubber strip. The surface of the metal plate is provided with an uneven pattern to increase the bonding strength between the metal plate and the hot-melt rubber. The female sealing strip is composed of a second hot-melt rubber strip 6, which has the same structure as the first hot-melt rubber strip. To make the connection between the male and female sealing strips and the groove more secure, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the groove is set as a trapezoid with a larger inner diameter and a smaller outer diameter. The cross-sectional structure of the first and second hot-melt rubber strips is also set as a trapezoid, and their thickness is greater than the depth of the groove. This setting method can firmly fix the male and female sealing strips in the groove. At the same time, considering that the metal plate and the first hot-melt rubber strip have already been bonded and fixed in the production and preparation stage, the melting point of the first hot-melt rubber strip is set to be higher than that of the second hot-melt rubber strip. In this way, the second hot-melt rubber strip can melt first in the later stage of segment installation.

[0028] To enable the metal plate to generate heat when energized, two connection points 6 are provided on the bottom of the metal plate, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 Two connection points are located on the bottom edge of the metal plate, near both ends, and are configured as two conical protrusions. Simultaneously, two terminal blocks 8 are provided in the grooves where the sealing strips are installed. These terminal blocks are funnel-shaped, wider on the outside and narrower on the inside, and their positions correspond to the connection points on the metal plate. The connection points extend from the bottom surface of the first hot-melt rubber strip and are inserted into the terminal blocks, thus electrically connecting to the conductors 9 in the segment body. Conductors are pre-embedded in the segment body; one end of the conductor connects to the terminal block, and the other end is located on the inner wall of the segment body. For ease of production, a plastic tube 10 is pre-embedded during the segment casting process. The conductors pass through the plastic tube, which protects them. The plastic tube has an arc or bent structure, with one end connected to the terminal block and the other end leading to the inner wall of the segment body. In this embodiment, the temperature of the metal plate and the degree of melting of the hot melt rubber strip are controlled by setting the material of the metal plate, the voltage intensity when energized, and the energizing time. This process is common knowledge to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0029] This embodiment also provides a shield tunnel based on the aforementioned hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segments. This shield tunnel is constructed using the aforementioned hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segments, and its structure is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, adjacent segments are fitted with mating male and female sealing strips at both the circumferential and axial joints. A metal plate on the male sealing strip inserts into the female sealing strip from its top surface. To facilitate insertion, the metal plate's top edge is made sharp, and / or a pre-drilled slot is provided at the center line of the top surface of the female sealing strip. The first and second hot-melt rubber strips are pressed together; both are porous to facilitate compression and enhance elasticity. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 4 After compression, the holes in the first and second hot melt rubber strips are flattened.

[0030] Since the melting point of rubber is typically between 90-140℃, it varies depending on the material. When electricity is applied to the metal plate via pre-installed wires, the heat generated raises the temperature around the metal plate above the rubber's melting point. This causes the rubber in the first and second hot-melt rubber strips at their contact points with the metal plate to melt. As the electricity is removed and the temperature decreases, the molten rubber adheres to the metal plate. The patterned design on the metal plate's surface enhances the adhesion between the rubber and the metal. Simultaneously, the molten rubber gradually penetrates into the gaps between the first and second hot-melt rubber strips, sealing them. Combined with the sealing effect of the metal plate, this effectively isolates the external environment from the tunnel's interior, preventing water leakage. Furthermore, because the molten rubber coats the metal plate, it not only provides waterproofing but also prevents corrosion and rust from water or seawater, resulting in a more stable waterproofing effect and a longer service life.

Claims

1. A heat-fusion self-sealing shield tunnel segment, comprising at least a segment body and pre-drilled arc-shaped bolt holes on the segment body, characterized in that: The left and right sidewalls, as well as the upper and lower sidewalls of the tube segment body, are provided with grooves near the outer wall. The two grooves on the left and right sidewalls are positioned opposite each other, with one groove containing an arc-shaped male sealing strip and the other containing an arc-shaped female sealing strip. The two grooves on the upper and lower sidewalls are positioned opposite each other, with one groove containing a straight male sealing strip and the other containing a straight female sealing strip. The cross-section of the groove is trapezoidal, with the inner part being larger than the outer part. The cross-sectional structure of the first and second hot-melt rubber strips is also trapezoidal, and their thickness is greater than the depth of the groove. The male sealing strip includes a first hot-melt rubber strip and a strip-shaped metal plate. The lower part of the metal plate is fixed inside the first hot-melt rubber strip, and the upper part of the metal plate extends from the top surface of the first hot-melt rubber strip. Two connection points are provided at the bottom of the metal plate. The surface of the metal plate is provided with an uneven pattern to increase the adhesion strength between the metal plate and the hot-melt rubber. The top edge of the metal plate is sharp. The female sealing strip is composed of a second hot-melt rubber strip, which has the same structure as the first hot-melt rubber strip. A reserved slit is provided on the top surface of the female sealing strip at the center line to facilitate the insertion of the metal plate. The metal plate on the male sealing strip is inserted into the interior of the female sealing strip from the top surface of the female sealing strip. Both the first and second hot-melt rubber strips have porous structures, and the melting point of the first hot-melt rubber strip is higher than that of the second hot-melt rubber strip. Two terminal blocks are provided in each groove where the sealing strip is installed. The terminal blocks correspond to the connection points on the metal plate and are electrically connected. A wire is embedded in the segment body. One end of the wire is connected to the terminal block, and the other end of the wire is located on the inner wall of the segment body. The first and second hot-melt rubber strips are pressed together. When the metal plate is heated by electricity, it generates high temperature, which melts the rubber in the parts of the first and second hot-melt rubber strips that are in contact with the metal plate and adheres to the surface of the metal plate and the gaps between the first and second hot-melt rubber strips, thereby forming a dense waterproof structure.

2. The self-sealing shield tunnel segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection point consists of two conical protrusions. The terminal block is funnel-shaped with a larger outer surface and a smaller inner surface. The connection point extends from the bottom surface of the first hot melt rubber strip and is inserted into the terminal block, thereby electrically connecting with the wires in the tube body.

3. The self-sealing shield tunnel segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plastic tube is pre-embedded in the segment body, and the wire passes through the plastic tube. The plastic tube has an arc-shaped or bent structure, with one end connected to the terminal block and the other end leading to the inner wall of the segment body.

4. The self-sealing shield tunnel segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two connection points on the metal plate are located on the bottom edge of the metal plate and near the two ends.

5. A shield tunnel based on the thermally fused self-sealing shield tunnel segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel is constructed using the aforementioned hot-melt self-sealing shield tunnel segments. At the circumferential and axial joints between adjacent segments, mating male and female sealing strips are installed. A metal plate on the male sealing strip is inserted into the female sealing strip from its top surface. The first and second hot-melt rubber strips are pressed together. When the metal plate is heated by electricity, it generates high temperatures, causing the rubber in the contact areas with the metal plate to melt and adhere to the surface of the metal plate and the gaps between the two strips, thus forming a dense, waterproof structure.

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