A multi-functional warhead

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multifunctional warhead, including the shell (1) with built-in killing drug column (2) and detonation device (8), in the shell (1) and located killing drug column (2) front end is equipped with explosion-proof body (3), explosion-proof body (3) is used to limit the direction of detonation wave of killing drug column (2), explosion-proof body (3) is equipped with containing hole (31) inside, the axis of containing hole (31) and the axis of shell (1) intersect to form angle, containing hole (31) is equipped with sequentially shaped charge (5) and drug cover (6) inside, shaped charge (5) is connected with killing drug column (2) by transmission explosion part (4).The present application is exploded by shaped charge, propels drug cover to move along containing hole axis direction, and it is ejected relative to shell axis direction at certain angle, to form the high-speed jet stream can avoid the front end of seeker, avoids the energy loss caused by penetrating guide head and the influence of missile small drop angle, improves the jet stream power, and then improves the penetration ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ammunition technology, and more specifically to a multi-functional warhead. Background Technology

[0002] In ground warfare, armored forces are a crucial combat force, and missiles, as the primary means of engaging armored targets, remain key to gaining the initiative in war. Among these, small missiles such as man-portable anti-tank missiles (MANPADS) and loitering munitions are indispensable anti-armor measures. The warhead, as the core component for missile target destruction, directly determines the missile's destructive effectiveness through its armor-piercing capability.

[0003] Currently, improving the power of warheads mainly involves research into new high-energy explosives, new high-density fragments, and new shaped charge materials. However, these research and development cycles are too long. Therefore, in order to improve the power of missiles, the caliber and mass of the warhead are often increased. In order to adapt to the increased mass or caliber, the mass of other missile systems will inevitably increase, resulting in an increase in the overall mass of the weapon system, which makes it impossible to achieve the development direction of missile lightweighting and miniaturization.

[0004] In existing technologies, such as the combined-effect warhead disclosed in CN115711560A, there is a cylindrical shell, a fuze mount connected to the cylindrical shell, a fuze connected to the fuze mount, a first propellant grain and a focusing fragment installed inside the cylindrical shell, a second propellant grain installed inside the cylindrical shell, an inner cover connected to the end of the second propellant grain away from the fuze mount, and an outer cover attached to the inner wall of the inner cover. This technical solution, after the fuze detonates, causes a violent detonation of the first and second propellant grains, which sequentially collapses the inner and outer covers and converges them towards the warhead axis, forming two jets with different velocity gradients. This creates a channel on the missile component connected to the front end of the warhead, providing a forming space and penetration channel for the inner cover to form damage elements. The damage elements formed by the inner cover act on the target through the channel created by the outer cover, achieving a good armor-piercing effect.

[0005] However, the aforementioned structure still requires a certain amount of energy to create a channel along the axis of the missile component at the warhead's tip. This energy cannot be effectively converted into armor-piercing power, and the warhead's effectiveness cannot be maximized within a limited space. In particular, when this structure is applied to targets with a small angle of attack by missiles (or loitering munitions), the target armor is a near-horizontal plate armor structure, resulting in a longer armor-piercing path and affecting the armor-piercing effect. In addition, the lethality of existing warheads also needs to be optimized.

[0006] How to achieve better blasting and killing effects under the same quality and space requirements has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a multi-functional warhead that optimizes explosive and lethal effects.

[0008] It adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A multi-functional warhead includes a casing containing a lethal charge and an initiation device. An explosion-proof body is located within the casing and at the front end of the lethal charge, isolating the detonation wave of the lethal charge. The explosion-proof body has a receiving hole, the axis of which intersects the axis of the casing at an angle. An armor-piercing charge and a shaped charge liner are sequentially arranged within the receiving hole. The armor-piercing charge is connected to the lethal charge via a detonation transmission device. When the lethal charge detonates, the armor-piercing charge is detonated via the detonation transmission device, pushing the shaped charge liner to move axially along the receiving hole and ejecting it at a certain angle relative to the casing axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the detonation transmission unit includes a detonation transmission charge, which is disposed in a detonation transmission hole in the explosion-proof body. One end of the detonation transmission hole is connected to a receiving hole, and the other end is connected to a lethal charge, so that the detonation transmission charge is in contact with and connected to the lethal charge and the armor-piercing charge respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the explosion transmission hole and the receiving hole are coaxially arranged.

[0012] Furthermore, a set of intersecting grooves are provided on the shell covering the area of ​​the lethal explosive charge, and the grooves divide the shell of this area into multiple fragments that are connected on the inside.

[0013] Furthermore, the periphery of the housing is provided with a detonation hole communicating with a detonating charge, and a detonating charge is provided in the detonation hole, which is connected to a detonation device.

[0014] Furthermore, the detonation hole is located on the upper side of the shell axis, and the ejection direction of the shaped charge liner is located on the lower side of the shell axis.

[0015] Furthermore, the detonation device includes a detonation input section and a detonation output section, which are connected by a detonating cord. The detonation output section is located at the detonation hole of the housing, and the detonation input section is located on the outer side of the rear end of the housing.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0017] This design incorporates an explosion-proof enclosure with a built-in armor-piercing explosive charge. The axis of the receiving hole containing the armor-piercing explosive charge intersects with the axis of the shell, forming an angle. When the armor-piercing explosive charge detonates, it pushes the shaped charge liner to move axially along the receiving hole and is ejected at a certain angle relative to the shell. The resulting high-speed jet can avoid the front-end seeker, thus avoiding energy loss caused by penetrating the seeker and the influence of the missile's small angle of impact, thereby improving the jet's power and thus enhancing its armor-piercing capability. At the same time, the side-detonation method improves the warhead's lethality, optimizing the overall explosive and lethal effects of the warhead. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-functional warhead according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion-proof body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point I;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the armor-piercing operation of an existing armor-piercing warhead;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the armor-piercing warhead in this embodiment.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a fragment velocity distribution diagram after lateral detonation;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a fragment velocity distribution diagram after the center detonation;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the velocities of individual fragments in side-initiated and center-initiated detonations.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Shell; 11. Cable groove; 12. Fragment; 13. Detonation hole; 2. Explosion-proof charge; 3. Flameproof enclosure; 31. Receiving hole; 32. Detonation transmission hole; 4. Detonation transmission section; 41. Detonation transmission charge; 5. Armor-piercing charge; 6. Molded charge liner; 7. Detonating charge; 8. Detonation device; 81. Detonation input section; 82. Detonation output section; 83. Detonating cord; 9. Guide head. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the present invention clearer, a multi-functional warhead of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a multi-functional warhead primarily possesses armor-piercing and lethality functions. It includes a casing 1 for loading the armor-piercing warhead propellant. The casing 1 is a cylindrical shape closed at both ends, with a guide head 9 connected to its front end. The casing 1 is filled with a compacted lethal charge 2 formed from pyrotechnic materials, located in the rear-middle section of the casing 1. A blast-proof enclosure 3 is located at the front end of the lethal charge 2, its shape conforming to the inner cavity of the front-middle section of the casing 1. A receiving hole 31 is provided on the blast-proof enclosure 3, its axis intersecting the axis of the casing 1 at an angle. The receiving hole 31 contains an armor-piercing charge 5 and a shaped charge liner 6. The blast-proof enclosure 3 has a certain thickness and is made of a lightweight material with sufficient strength and rigidity. The corresponding rear end faces of the blast-proof enclosure 3 serve to isolate the forward detonation wave of the lethal charge 2. Simultaneously, the wall of the receiving hole 31 of the blast-proof enclosure 3 superimposes the detonation wave of the armor-piercing charge 5, giving the conical head of the shaped charge liner 6 a higher jet yield. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof body 3 is preferably made of phenolic pressure-bearing bar material.

[0029] Specifically, the receiving hole 31 is preferably a straight blind hole, with its channel facing forward and obliquely downward to form an opening at the end face of the explosion-proof body 3. The armor-piercing charge 5 is located at the rear of the receiving hole 31, and the shaped charge liner 6 is located at the front of the armor-piercing charge 5. Here, the shaped charge liner 6 is a conical shell structure, the shape of its largest edge is adapted to the receiving hole 31, and its outer conical surface faces the rear; the pyrotechnic item is compacted and covered on the conical outer surface of the shaped charge liner 6, and compacted within the receiving hole 31 to form the armor-piercing charge 5.

[0030] A detonation path is formed by connecting the armor-piercing charge 5 and the fragmentation charge 2 via a detonation transmission section 4. The detonation transmission section 4 includes a detonation transmission charge 41, which is placed in a detonation transmission hole 32 of the explosion-proof body 3. One end of the detonation transmission hole 32 communicates with the bottom of the receiving hole 31, and the other end extends to the end face of the fragmentation charge 2. Thus, both ends of the detonation transmission charge 41 are in contact with the fragmentation charge 2 and the armor-piercing charge 5, respectively. Preferably, the detonation transmission hole 32 is a straight through hole, and it is coaxially arranged with the receiving hole 31. Of course, the detonation transmission section 4 can also be other conventional structures to achieve the detonation transmission purpose, such as a fuse or detonating cord.

[0031] Combination Figure 3As shown, a set of intersecting grooves 11 are provided on the shell 1 covering the area of ​​the explosive charge 2. The grooves 11 can be made using laser grooving technology. The grooves 11 divide the shell 1 in this area into multiple fragments 12 that are connected internally. That is, the upper part of the fragments 12 is separated, while their roots are still connected to the shell 1 body. The shell with fragments and the explosive charge form a lethal structure. When the explosive charge 2 is detonated, the fragments 12 are broken off from their roots by the detonation, forming multiple independent fragments that are ejected. In addition, the fragments 12 can be rectangular, rhomboid, or a combination thereof, depending on the different arrangements of the grooves 11. The material of the fragments 12 is the same as that of the shell 1, preferably 35CrMnSi.

[0032] The casing 1 has a detonation hole 13 on its peripheral side, which communicates with the explosive charge 2. An explosive charge 7 is disposed within the detonation hole 13, with one end connected to the explosive charge 2 and the other end connected to the detonation device 8. Specifically, the detonation device 8 includes a detonation input section 81 and a detonation output section 82, which are connected by a detonating cord 83. The detonation output section 82 is located at the opening of the detonation hole 13 in the casing 1 and is fixedly connected by fasteners. The detonation input section 81 is located on the external rear end side of the casing 1. Both the detonation input section 81 and the detonation output section 82 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The detonating cord 83 is a low-resistance silver detonating cord.

[0033] The working process of this device is as follows: the detonating device 8 detonates the killing charge 2 through the detonating charge 7 on the periphery. The killing charge 2 undergoes a violent detonation reaction. The detonation wave is restricted by the front explosion-proof body 3 and acts on the fragments 12 on the periphery to form fragmentation damage. The detonating device 8 also detonates the armor-piercing charge 5 through the detonation transmission part 4. The armor-piercing charge 5 undergoes a violent detonation reaction, causing the shaped charge 6 to be ejected at high speed along the receiving hole 31.

[0034] During this process, since the axial direction of the receiving hole 31 is at a certain angle relative to the shell 1, the high-speed jet formed by the shaped charge liner 6 can avoid the front guide head 9, reducing or even avoiding the energy loss caused by penetrating the guide head 9 and the influence of the missile's small angle of impact, thereby improving the jet power and thus improving the armor-piercing capability.

[0035] This structural optimization combines armor-piercing capabilities with specific... Figure 4 , Figure 5 To illustrate: Let's take the example of a ø100 caliber missile with a 30° impact angle damaging armor with a d=110mm thickness. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the armor-piercing operation of an existing armor-piercing warhead. The direction of the armor-piercing jet in an existing armor-piercing warhead coincides with the axis of the shell. The armor-piercing jet needs to penetrate the front seeker head. The internal structure of the seeker head is usually a multi-layered spaced target. The materials of various spaced targets (PCB board, steel plate, glass, etc.) are also different, which will cause a loss of armor-piercing power. Moreover, the vertical penetration depth of the armor itself is approximately 220mm. Therefore, the actual armor-piercing requirement is much greater than 220mm vertical penetration depth.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the armor-piercing capability of the multi-functional warhead in this embodiment. In this device, the direction of the armor-piercing jet forms an angle of α=24° with the axis of the casing. The armor-piercing jet can avoid the guide head, and its energy loss after penetrating the casing is small and negligible. At this time, the armor-piercing power requirement is only the vertical penetration depth of the armor itself, which is approximately 136mm. Comparing the armor-piercing requirements of the two types of structures, it can be seen that this device can significantly reduce the armor-piercing requirement. Therefore, after reducing the armor-piercing requirement, the diameter of the shaped charge liner can be reduced, the mass of the armor-piercing structure can be reduced, and more mass indicators can be allocated to the killing structure, resulting in a more reasonable allocation of mass indicators. On the other hand, it can also achieve better blasting and damage effects under the same mass and space requirements.

[0037] Furthermore, since the detonation transmission hole 32 and the receiving hole 31 are coaxially arranged, when the detonation transmission charge 41 detonates, the detonation propagated by the detonation transmission charge 41 can centrally detonate the armor-piercing charge 5, forming a complete jet, which improves the utilization efficiency of the charge and also increases the armor-piercing power.

[0038] In this embodiment, since the ejection direction of the shaped charge 6 is located on the lower side of the axis of the housing 1, and the detonating charge 7 is located on the upper side of the axis of the housing 1 and is arranged on the periphery of the housing 1, when this device is applied to the condition of a small drop angle, the detonating charge 7 detonates, and the armor-piercing material on its upper side is subjected to the detonation wave and tends to scatter in the horizontal direction. On the one hand, this can prevent fragments from shooting into the area above without a target, thus reducing ineffective killing elements.

[0039] On the other hand, the detonating charge 7 arranged on the periphery also increases the kinetic energy of the high-speed movement of the fragments, thereby increasing the lethality. A comparative simulation test was conducted under identical conditions (same size, same charge, same environmental parameters, etc.) between the two structures in this embodiment (lateral detonation) and the prior art (central detonation) with a detonating point located at the rear of the casing. The details are as follows:

[0040] Import the 3D model into Workbench, mesh it, and then import it into Autodyn explosion simulation software to simulate the fragmentation. The relevant simulation data is as follows: Figures 6 to 8 As shown. Among them, Figure 6 This is a fragment velocity distribution diagram after lateral detonation; Figure 7 This is a fragment velocity distribution diagram after the center detonation; Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of fragment velocities under side-initiated and center-initiated detonation. Simulation calculations show that the maximum fragment velocity under side-initiated detonation is approximately 100 m / s higher than that under center-initiated detonation, and the number of high-speed fragments (1600 m / s) after side-initiated detonation is also greater than the number of fragments with the same velocity under center-initiated detonation. Therefore, it can be determined that the lethality of fragments under side-initiated conditions is greater than that under center-initiated conditions.

[0041] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived from the essential spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional warhead, comprising a casing (1) containing a lethal charge (2) and a detonation device (8), characterized in that: An explosion-proof body (3) is provided inside the casing (1) and at the front end of the explosive charge (2). The explosion-proof body (3) is used to isolate the detonation wave of the explosive charge (2). An accommodating hole (31) is provided inside the explosion-proof body (3). The axis of the accommodating hole (31) intersects the axis of the casing (1) to form an angle. An armor-piercing charge (5) and a shaped charge liner (6) are arranged in sequence inside the accommodating hole (31). The armor-piercing charge (5) is connected to the explosive charge (2) through a detonation transmission part (4). When the explosive charge (2) is detonated, the armor-piercing charge (5) is detonated through the detonation transmission part (4), which pushes the shaped charge liner (6) to move axially along the accommodating hole (31) and is ejected at a certain angle relative to the axis of the casing (1). The casing (1) has a detonation hole (13) on its peripheral side that communicates with the explosive charge (2). The detonation hole (13) contains an explosive charge (7), which is connected to the detonation device (8). The detonation transmission unit (4) includes a detonation transmission charge (41), which is disposed in a detonation transmission hole (32) in the explosion-proof body (3). One end of the detonation transmission hole (32) is connected to the receiving hole (31), and the other end is connected to the killing charge (2), so that the detonation transmission charge (41) is in contact with the killing charge (2) and the armor-piercing charge (5) respectively. The explosion transmission hole (32) and the receiving hole (31) are coaxially arranged.

2. The multi-functional warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of intersecting grooves (11) are provided on the shell (1) covering the area of ​​the killing agent (2). The grooves (11) divide the shell (1) in this area into multiple fragments (12) that are connected on the inside.

3. A multi-functional warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation hole (13) is located on the upper side of the axis of the housing (1), and the ejection direction of the shaped charge liner (6) is located on the lower side of the axis of the housing (1).

4. A multi-functional warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation device (8) includes a detonation input section (81) and a detonation output section (82). The detonation input section (81) and the detonation output section (82) are connected by a detonating cord (83). The detonation output section (82) is located at the detonation hole (13) of the housing (1), and the detonation input section (81) is located on the outer side of the rear end of the housing (1).

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