Compensating for distortion of images of an eye for surgical procedures

Abstract

In certain embodiments, an ophthalmic surgical system for adjusting a size of an eye includes a camera and a computer. The camera generates a surgical image of the eye while in contact with a patient interface that deforms a cornea. The surgical image includes a pupil having an actual pupil diameter. The computer acquires a diagnostic image of the eye with the cornea having a natural curvature. The natural curvature affects the actual pupil diameter to produce a diagnostic pupil diameter of the diagnostic image that is different from the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image. The computer adjusts the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image using an eye model to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes into account the curvature of the cornea, and uses the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for a difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter and the actual pupil diameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally pertains to ophthalmic surgical systems, and more specifically to compensating for image distortion in surgical procedures. Background Technology

[0002] Ophthalmic laser surgery systems generate pulsed laser beams to perform surgical procedures on the eye. In some procedures, the laser beam creates optical destruction at specific points in the eye based on a laser focal spot pattern. Throughout the procedure, the eye must remain stable so that the laser beam can create optical destruction that precisely matches the pattern.

[0003] During surgery, a patient interface (PI) is typically used to hold the eye in place. The PI is usually attached to the eye via vacuum to hold it in place while allowing the laser beam to operate on the surgical site. Some PIs can alter the shape of the cornea. For example, a PI can apply pressure to the cornea, even to the point of essentially flattening it. Changing the shape of the cornea generally alters its refractive properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic surgical system for adjusting the size of an eye includes a camera and a computer. The camera generates a surgical image of the eye in contact with a patient interface. The eye has a cornea and an iris defining a pupil with an actual pupil diameter. The cornea is deformed due to the patient interface. The surgical image includes a pupil with the actual pupil diameter. The computer: acquires a surgical image of the eye with the cornea deformed; acquires a diagnostic image of the eye with the cornea having a natural curvature, which affects the actual pupil diameter to produce a diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image, which differs from the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image; adjusts the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image using an eye model to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes the curvature of the cornea into account; and uses the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image.

[0005] The embodiment may lack the following features or may have one, two, or more, or all of the following features: The ophthalmic surgical system further includes a laser device that directs a laser beam toward the eye. The computer further uses the refracted pupil diameter to perform surgery on the eye to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter of the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image. Adjusting the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image using the eye model includes: acquiring information describing one or more of the following: the distance between the structures of the eye, the refractive power of the structures of the eye, the thickness of the structures of the eye, and the curvature of the structures of the eye; and including this information in the eye model. Compensating for the difference using the refracted pupil diameter includes: aligning the surgical image with the diagnostic image according to the refracted pupil diameter. Compensating for the difference using the refracted pupil diameter includes: determining the pupil centroid offset according to the refracted pupil diameter; and determining the pupil center according to the pupil centroid offset. The computer further: adjusts the size of the iris in the surgical image using the eye model; and corrects torsion according to the adjusted iris size. The computer can adjust the size of the iris in the surgical image by: determining the imaging ratio of the actual pupil diameter to the refractive pupil diameter; and adjusting the size of the iris according to the imaging ratio. The computer can correct torsion based on the adjusted iris structure by: identifying pseudo-rotation of the iris based on its size; and taking this pseudo-rotation into account to correct the torsion. The cornea may have reduced curvature or may be substantially flattened.

[0006] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic surgical system for adjusting the size of an eye includes a camera and a computer. The camera generates a surgical image of the eye in contact with a patient interface. The eye has a cornea and an iris defining a pupil with an actual pupil diameter. The cornea is deformed due to the patient interface. The surgical image includes a pupil with the interface pupil diameter. The computer: acquires a surgical image of the eye with the cornea deformed; acquires a diagnostic image of the eye with the cornea having a natural curvature, which affects the actual pupil diameter to produce a diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image, which differs from the interface pupil diameter of the surgical image; adjusts the interface pupil diameter of the surgical image using an eye model to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes into account the curvature of the cornea; and uses the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter of the diagnostic image and the interface pupil diameter of the surgical image.

[0007] The embodiment may lack the following features or may have one, two, or more, or all of the following features: The ophthalmic surgical system further includes a laser device configured to direct a laser beam toward the eye. The computer uses the refractive pupil diameter to perform surgery on the eye to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter of the diagnostic image and the interface pupil diameter of the surgical image. Adjusting the interface pupil diameter of the surgical image using the eye model includes: acquiring information describing one or more of the following: the distance between the structures of the eye, the refractive power of the structures of the eye, the thickness of the structures of the eye, and the curvature of the structures of the eye; and including the information in the eye model. Compensating for the difference using the refractive pupil diameter includes: aligning the surgical image with the diagnostic image according to the refractive pupil diameter. Compensating for the difference using the refractive pupil diameter includes: determining the pupil centroid offset according to the refractive pupil diameter; and determining the pupil center according to the pupil centroid offset. The computer further: adjusts the size of the iris in the surgical image using the eye model; and corrects torsion according to the adjusted iris size. The computer can adjust the size of the iris in the surgical image by: determining the imaging ratio of the interface pupil diameter to the refractive pupil diameter; and adjusting the size of the iris according to the imaging ratio. The computer can correct torsion based on the adjusted iris structure by: identifying pseudo-rotation of the iris based on its size; and taking pseudo-rotation into account to correct for torsion.

[0008] In some embodiments, an ophthalmic surgical system for adjusting eye size includes a camera, a laser device, and a computer. The camera generates a surgical image of the eye in contact with a patient interface. The eye has a cornea and an iris defining a pupil with an actual pupil diameter. The cornea is deformed due to the patient interface. The surgical image includes a pupil with the actual pupil diameter. The laser device directs a laser beam toward the eye. The computer acquires a surgical image of the eye with the cornea deformed and a diagnostic image of the eye with the cornea having its natural curvature. This natural curvature affects the actual pupil diameter, resulting in a diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image that differs from the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image. The computer uses an eye model to adjust the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes into account the curvature of the cornea. Adjusting the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image using the eye model includes: acquiring information describing one or more of the following: the distance between the structures of the eye, the refractive power of the eye structures, the thickness of the eye structures, and the curvature of the eye structures; and including this information in the eye model. The computer uses the eye model to adjust the size of the iris in the surgical image and corrects torsion based on the adjusted iris size. Adjusting the iris structure of the surgical image includes: determining the image ratio of the actual pupil diameter to the refractive pupil diameter; and adjusting the size of the iris based on the image ratio. Correcting torsion based on the adjusted iris structure includes: identifying pseudo-rotation of the iris based on the iris size; and taking pseudo-rotation into account to correct torsion. The computer uses the refracted pupil diameter to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image. Compensating for this difference using the refracted pupil diameter includes: determining a pupil centroid offset based on the refracted pupil diameter; determining a pupil center based on the pupil centroid offset; and aligning the surgical image with the diagnostic image based on the refracted pupil diameter. The computer uses the refracted pupil diameter to perform surgery on the eye to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image.

[0009] The embodiment may or may not have the following features: the cornea may have a reduced curvature or may be substantially flattened. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 Examples of ophthalmic surgical systems configured to compensate for image distortion of the eye, according to certain embodiments, are shown;

[0011] Figure 2A and Figure 2B It demonstrates how corneal curvature affects pupil diameter in diagnostic images;

[0012] Figure 3A and Figure 3B Examples of eye models describing diagnostic and surgical imaging of the eye are shown;

[0013] Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C This demonstrates the actual pupil diameter (PD) at different anterior chamber depths (ACD). 实际 With refractive pupil diameter PD 折射 The linear relationship between them;

[0014] Figure 5 This demonstrates the anterior chamber depth (ACD) and... Figures 4A to 4C The imaging ratio described in the PD 实际 / PD 折射 The approximate linear relationship between them; and

[0015] Figure 6 An example of a method for compensating for image distortion in surgical procedures is shown, which can be derived from... Figure 1 The system 10 is used for this purpose. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Example embodiments of the disclosed devices, systems, and methods are now shown in detail with reference to the specification and accompanying drawings. The specification and drawings are not intended to be exhaustive or otherwise limit the claims to the specific embodiments shown in the drawings and disclosed in the specification. Although the drawings illustrate possible embodiments, they are not necessarily drawn to scale, and certain features may be simplified, exaggerated, removed, or partially cut out to better illustrate the embodiments.

[0017] Diagnostic measurements of the eye can be made when the cornea is in its natural curvature. This curvature refracts light reflected from eye structures such as the pupil and iris, making these structures appear larger. During surgery, some patient interfaces flatten the cornea so that the corneal surface does not affect the size of the structures. Consequently, differences may exist between diagnostic and surgical images. To compensate for these differences, an eye model is used to adjust the size of the eye structures in the surgical image to correspond to those in the diagnostic image.

[0018] Figure 1An example of an ophthalmic surgical system 10, configured to compensate for image distortion of the eye according to certain embodiments, is illustrated. In an embodiment, the computer uses an eye model to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter of a diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter of a surgical image. The surgical image is taken when the cornea is substantially flattened through the patient interface. The flattened cornea typically does not affect the imaging of the actual pupil diameter. The diagnostic image is taken when the cornea has its natural curvature. This curvature affects the actual pupil diameter, resulting in a diagnostic pupil diameter that differs from the actual pupil diameter. The computer uses the eye model to adjust the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes into account the curvature of the cornea. The computer then uses the refractive pupil diameter of the surgical image to perform surgery on the eye to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter and the actual pupil diameter.

[0019] In the illustrated example, the ophthalmic surgical system 10 includes a laser device 15, a patient interface 20, a camera 38, and a control computer 30, all coupled as shown. The laser device 15 includes controllable components, such as a laser source 12, a scanner 16, one or more optical elements 17, and / or a focusing lens 18, all coupled as shown. The patient interface 20 includes a contact portion 24 (having an abutment surface 26) and a sleeve 28, all coupled as shown. The computer 30 includes logic 31, a memory 32 (which stores a computer program 34), and a display 36, all coupled as shown.

[0020] The ophthalmic surgical system 10 can perform any suitable surgical procedure, such as corneal refractive or laser coagulation surgery. The surgery can have an associated laser focal spot pattern that describes the target location of the laser pulse in the cornea. Certain types of surgery (e.g., lenticule extraction) require precise placement of the laser pulse according to the laser focal spot pattern, which in turn requires precise alignment of the surgical image with the diagnostic image.

[0021] As an example overview of the laser device 15, part of the steering system 10, the laser source 12 generates a laser beam with ultrashort pulses, wherein the propagation direction of the laser beam defines the z-axis and / or the z-direction. The scanner 16 guides the focal point of the laser beam in an xy-plane orthogonal to the z-axis. The objective lens 18 focuses the focal point toward the cornea of ​​the eye 22.

[0022] In some embodiments, laser source 12 generates a laser beam with ultrashort pulses. An ultrashort pulse is a light pulse with a duration less than a nanosecond (e.g., on the order of picoseconds, femtoseconds, or attoseconds). The laser beam can have any suitable wavelength, such as wavelengths in the range of 300 to 1500 nanometers (nm), for example, 300 to 650 nm, 650 to 1050 nm, 1050 to 1250 nm, and / or wavelengths in the range of 1250 to 1500 nm, for example, 340 to 350 nm, such as 347 nm ± 1 nm. The focal point of the laser beam can create laser-induced optical breakdown (LIOB) in tissue (e.g., the cornea) to produce photodamage within the tissue. The laser beam can be precisely focused to produce precise photodamage, which can reduce or avoid unwanted damage to other tissues.

[0023] Scanner 16 guides the focal point of the laser beam longitudinally and laterally. The longitudinal direction refers to the direction in which the laser beam propagates, i.e., the z-direction. Scanner 16 can guide the laser beam longitudinally in any suitable manner. For example, scanner 16 may include a longitudinally adjustable lens, a lens with variable refractive power, or a deformable mirror that can control the z-position of the focal point. The lateral direction refers to the direction orthogonal to the beam propagation direction, i.e., the x-direction and y-direction. Scanner 16 can guide the laser beam laterally in any suitable manner. For example, scanner 16 may include a pair of galvanometer-actuated scanner mirrors that can tilt about mutually perpendicular axes. As another example, scanner 16 may include an electro-optic crystal that can electro-optically manipulate the laser beam.

[0024] One or more optical elements 17 direct the laser beam toward a focusing objective 18. Optical elements 17 can act (e.g., transmit, reflect, refract, diffract, collimate, adjust, shape, focus, modulate, and / or otherwise act on) the laser beam. Examples of optical elements include lenses, prisms, mirrors, diffractive optics (DOE), holographic optics (HOE), and spatial light modulators (SLM). In this example, optical element 17 is a mirror. The focusing objective 18 focuses the laser beam toward a point on the eye 22 via the patient interface 20. In this example, focusing objective 18 is an objective, such as an f-θ objective.

[0025] The patient interface 20 abuts against the cornea of ​​the eye 22 to couple the eye 22 to the laser device 15. In this example, the patient interface 20 has a sleeve 28 coupled to a contact portion 24. The sleeve 28 is detachably coupled to a focusing objective lens 18. The contact portion 24 may be semi-transparent or transparent to the laser beam and has an abutment surface 26 that abuts against the cornea. The abutment surface 26 may have any suitable shape, such as planar, convex, or concave.

[0026] Camera 38 records surgical images of eye 22 in real time during the surgical procedure. Examples of cameras 38 include video cameras, optical coherence tomography (OCT) cameras, or eye-tracking cameras. Camera 38 transmits image data representing the recorded surgical images of eye 22 to computer 30.

[0027] Computer 30 controls controllable components (e.g., laser source 12, scanner 16, optical element 17, and / or focusing lens 18) to destroy corneal tissue with light according to instructions (which may be stored in computer program 34). Memory 32 stores information that computer 30 can access. Examples of information include: images (e.g., surgical images and / or diagnostic images), eye models, information describing a particular eye, information describing pupillary centroid offset, and other suitable information.

[0028] In some embodiments, computer 30 uses an eye model to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image. In embodiments, computer 30 acquires surgical and diagnostic images of the eye and uses the eye model to adjust the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes into account the curvature of the cornea. For example, computer 30 determines how the natural curvature of the cornea predicted by the eye model affects the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 To determine the refractive pupil diameter PD 折射 Then, computer 30 uses the refracted pupil diameter to perform eye surgery to compensate for the difference between the diagnosed pupil diameter and the actual pupil diameter.

[0029] Computer 30 can use the refractive pupil diameter in any suitable manner for surgical procedures, such as aligning surgical images with diagnostic images based on the refractive pupil diameter. In some embodiments, computer 30 uses the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for pupil centroid shift. When the pupil diameter changes, the pupil center shifts, resulting in pupil centroid shift. In embodiments, computer 30 determines the pupil centroid shift based on the refractive pupil diameter of the surgical image and determines the pupil center based on the pupil centroid shift and the refractive pupil diameter of the surgical image. For example, computer 30 obtains a table of pupil diameters and associated pupil centroid shifts to determine the centroid shift associated with the refractive pupil diameter. Computer 30 then applies the centroid shift to determine the pupil center.

[0030] In some embodiments, computer 30 uses an eye model to correct for torsion. Torsion refers to the distortion of the eye that can occur when a patient moves from a sitting to a lying position. Asymmetrical eye structures (such as the iris) can be used to correct for torsion. In one embodiment, computer 30 uses an eye model to adjust the size of the iris in the surgical image and then corrects for torsion based on the adjusted iris size. Computer 30 can use the eye model to adjust the iris size in the surgical image by: determining the imaging ratio of the actual pupil diameter to the refracting pupil diameter; and adjusting the iris size based on this imaging ratio. This will refer to... Figures 4A to 4C To describe in more detail.

[0031] Computer 30 can take into account pseudo-rotation, which is a noticeable rotation caused by changes in pupil size and thus structural shifts in the iris, but does not necessarily indicate actual torsion of the eye. In an embodiment, computer 30 corrects for torsion based on the adjusted iris structure by: identifying pseudo-rotation of the iris structure based on the adjusted iris structure; and taking pseudo-rotation into account to correct for torsion. For example, computer 30 obtains a table of pupil diameter and associated pseudo-rotation to determine the pseudo-rotation associated with the refractive pupil diameter. This will refer to... Figures 4A to 4C To describe in more detail.

[0032] Figure 2A and Figure 2B This demonstrates how the curvature of the cornea affects the pupil diameter in diagnostic images. Figure 2A A diagnostic device 40 is shown for measuring an eye 22, which includes a cornea 50 and an iris 52, the iris defining a pupil 54 having a pupil diameter PD. The diagnostic device 40 typically generates an image of the eye 22 without contacting the cornea 50 or altering its shape. An ophthalmic surgical system 10 can use the diagnostic image to treat the eye 22. For example, the diagnostic image or a treatment pattern based on the diagnostic image can be aligned with a surgical image of the eye 22.

[0033] In the example shown, pupil 54 has an actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 The curvature of the cornea 50 refracts light reflected from eye structures such as the iris 52 and pupil 54, altering the image ratio. Therefore, the refracted size of the diagnostic image of the eye structures is larger than their actual size. For example, the refracted pupil diameter PD of pupil 54... 折射 Larger than the actual pupil diameter PD 实际 Similarly, the refractive diameter of iris 52 is larger than its actual diameter.

[0034] Figure 2BA patient interface 20 of an ophthalmic surgical system 10 is shown, which flattens the eye 22. The patient interface 20 can deform the shape of the cornea such that this deformation affects the dimensions of the eye structure 22. In the example shown, the patient interface 20 flattens the cornea 50 so that the cornea 50 does not refract light reflected from the eye structure. Therefore, the dimensions of the surgical image of the eye structure are substantially the same as the actual dimensions. For example, the pupil diameter of the pupil 54 is the same as the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 They are essentially the same size. In other examples, the patient interface 20 can reduce the curvature of the corneal surface rather than flatten it, so that the pupil interface pupil diameter is close to the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 However, it is not as large as the actual pupil diameter.

[0035] Figure 3A and Figure 3B Examples of eye models describing diagnostic and surgical imaging of the eye are shown. The eye models use geometric optics to describe the path of light rays through the eye. Any suitable eye model can be used, such as a standardized eye model like the Navarro model.

[0036] Computer 30 can use the eye model to adjust the actual pupil diameter in any suitable manner. For example, computer 30 can use the eye model to determine the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 Corresponding refractive pupil diameter PD 折射 And / or determine the refractive pupil diameter PD given. 折射 Corresponding actual pupil diameter PD 实际 In some embodiments, computer 30 determines how the natural curvature of the cornea predicted by the eye model affects the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 To determine the refractive pupil diameter PD 折射 In some embodiments, computer 30 determines how the eye model's predicted reduction in corneal curvature (caused by patient interface 20) affects the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 To determine the interface pupil diameter PD 接口 In this embodiment, computer 30 can use this information to determine the interface pupil diameter PD. 接口 With refractive pupil diameter PD 折射 The relationship between them.

[0037] In some embodiments, computer 30 can customize an eye model using information describing a particular eye 22 (e.g., measurement results). For example, this information may describe one or more of the following: distances between eye structures (e.g., anterior chamber depth and / or eye length); refractive power of structures (e.g., corneal and / or lens refractive power); thickness of structures (e.g., lens thickness); and / or curvature of structures (e.g., curvature of the cornea, lens, and / or retina). This information may describe an eye as having its cornea with its natural curvature, its cornea with a distorted curvature, or its cornea as substantially flattened.

[0038] In the example, the model shows an eye with a cornea 50, a lens 56, and a retina 58. The pupillary plane 60 is the plane in which the pupil 54 is located. Figure 3A An eye model with a curvature of the cornea 50 is shown. The curvature of the cornea 50 typically focuses incident light rays through the lens 56 onto the retina 58; that is, the light rays essentially converge and intersect at the retina 58. Consequently, the light rays converge slightly at the pupillary plane 60. Accordingly, the light reflected from the eye structures at the pupillary plane 60 is refracted by the cornea 50, resulting in a PD larger than the actual pupil diameter. 实际 Refracting pupil diameter PD 折射 .

[0039] Figure 3B A model of an eye with a flattened cornea 50 is shown. The flattened cornea 50 does not refract light. The lens 56 refracts light slightly, but this only occurs between the pupillary plane 60 and the retina 58. Accordingly, the pupil diameter is different from the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 Essentially the same. In other examples, the patient interface 20 can reduce the curvature of the corneal surface rather than flatten it, so that the pupil interface pupil diameter is close to the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 However, it is not as large as the actual pupil diameter.

[0040] Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C This demonstrates the actual pupil diameter (PD) at different anterior chamber depths (ACD). 实际 With refractive pupil diameter PD 折射 The linear relationship between them. PD 实际 / PD 折射 This ratio provides an imaging ratio that estimates the refractive size given the actual size (and vice versa). For example, given an actual size D... 实际 In the case of refractive size D 折射 It can be calculated as D 折射 =PD 折射 / PD 实际 ×D实际 Given a refractive dimension D 折射 In this case, the actual size D 实际 It can be calculated as D 实际 =PD 实际 / PD 折射 ×D 折射 .

[0041] In some embodiments, computer 30 uses an imaging ratio PD 实际 / PD 折射 To correct for torsion. In an embodiment, computer 30 adjusts the image ratio (PD) based on the imaging ratio (PD). 实际 / PD 折射 The actual size of the iris in the surgical image is adjusted to produce a refractive iris size. The computer 30 then uses the refractive iris size to correct for torsion, aligning the surgical image with the diagnostic image. In some embodiments, the computer 30 may take pseudo-rotation into account. In one embodiment, the computer 30 uses the refractive iris size to identify pseudo-rotation of the iris structure. The computer 30 then does not treat pseudo-rotation as actual rotation when correcting for torsion.

[0042] When the patient interface 20 flattens the eye 22, the interface 20 presses against the cornea 50, thereby reducing the anterior chamber depth. Imaging ratio PD 实际 / PD 折射 It varies with the depth of the anterior chamber. Figure 4A The linear relationship under ACD at 3.50 mm is shown, where PD 实际 / PD 折射 It is 0.8833. Figure 4B The linear relationship under an ACD of 3.05 mm is shown, where PD 实际 / PD 折射 It is 0.8983. Figure 4C The linear relationship under an ACD of 2.50 mm is shown, where PD 实际 / PD 折射 It is 0.9166.

[0043] Figure 5 This demonstrates the anterior chamber depth (ACD) and... Figures 4A to 4C The imaging ratio described in the PD 实际 / PD 折射 The approximate linear relationship between them. Figure 5 Presents the imaging ratio PD plotted along the y-axis 实际 / PD 折射 Chart 63 shows the relationship relative to the anterior chamber depth along the x-axis. This relationship can be expressed by y = 2. -05 x 2The range is described as –0.0334x+1 to 0.0334x+1. Correspondingly, given the anterior chamber depth (of a flattened eye) and the actual pupil diameter PD… 实际 In this case, the refractive pupil diameter PD can be determined. 折射 .

[0044] Figure 6 An example of a method for compensating for image distortion in surgical procedures is shown, which can be derived from... Figure 1 The method is performed by system 10. Some steps of the method can be performed by computer 30 sending instructions to other components of system 10.

[0045] The method begins in step 110, where computer 30 acquires diagnostic and surgical images of the eye. In step 112, computer 30 uses an eye model to adjust the pupil diameter of the surgical images to produce a refractive pupil diameter. For example, computer 30 determines how the natural curvature of the cornea shown in the eye model affects the actual pupil diameter PD. 实际 To determine the refractive pupil diameter PD 折射 .

[0046] In step 114, computer 30 uses the refracted pupil diameter to determine the pupil centroid offset. For example, computer 30 obtains a table of pupil diameters and associated pupil centroid offsets to determine the centroid offset associated with the refracted pupil diameter. In step 116, computer 30 determines the pupil center based on the pupil centroid offset. For example, computer 30 applies the centroid offset to determine the pupil center (i.e., to diagnose the location of the pupil center).

[0047] In step 120, computer 30 adjusts the iris structure of the surgical image using the refractive pupil diameter. For example, computer 30 determines the imaging ratio (PD). 实际 / PD 折射 And according to the imaging ratio PD 实际 / PD 折射 The actual size of the iris in the surgical image, based on an eye model, is adjusted to generate a refractive iris size. The computer 30 can also use the refractive iris size to identify pseudo-rotations of the iris structure. In step 122, the computer 30 compensates for torsion using the adjusted iris structure. For example, the computer 30 uses the refractive iris size to correct torsion to align the surgical image with the diagnostic image, but does not treat pseudo-rotations as actual rotations when correcting torsion. The method then ends.

[0048] Components of the systems and devices disclosed herein (such as control computers) may include interfaces, logic, and / or memory, any of which may include computer hardware and / or software. Interfaces may receive input to and / or send output from components and are typically used to exchange information between, for example, software, hardware, peripherals, users, and combinations thereof. User interfaces (e.g., graphical user interfaces (GUIs)) are types of interfaces that users can use to interact with a computer. Examples of user interfaces include displays, touchscreens, keyboards, mice, gesture sensors, microphones, and speakers.

[0049] Logic can perform operations on components. Logic may include one or more electronic devices that process data (e.g., execute instructions to generate outputs from inputs). Examples of such electronic devices include computers, processors, microprocessors (e.g., central processing units (CPUs)), and computer chips. Logic may include computer software that encodes instructions executable by electronic devices to perform operations. Examples of computer software include computer programs, applications, and operating systems.

[0050] Memory can store information and may include tangible, computer-readable, and / or computer-executable storage media. Examples of memory include computer memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM)), mass storage media (e.g., hard disk), removable storage media (e.g., optical disc (CD) or digital video or universal disc (DVD)), databases, network storage devices (e.g., servers), and / or other computer-readable media. Specific embodiments may be directed to memory encoded with computer software.

[0051] Although this disclosure has been described with reference to certain embodiments, modifications to the embodiments (such as alterations, substitutions, additions, omissions, and / or other modifications) will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, modifications can be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, modifications can be made to the systems and devices disclosed herein. Components of the systems and devices may be integral or separate, or the operation of the systems and devices may be performed by more, fewer, or other components, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. As another example, modifications can be made to the methods disclosed herein. These methods may include more, fewer, or other steps, and these steps may be performed in any suitable order, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0052] To assist the Patent Office and readers in interpreting the claims, the applicant notes that they do not intend for any claim or claim element to invoke 35 U.SC §112(f) unless the terms “means for…” or “steps for…” are expressly used in a particular claim. The applicant understands that the use of any other terms within the claims (e.g., “mechanism,” “module,” “device,” “unit,” “component,” “element,” “building block,” “device,” “machine,” “system,” “processor,” or “controller”) refers to structures known to a person skilled in the art and is not intended to invoke 35 U.SC §112(f).

Claims

1. An ophthalmic surgical system for adjusting the size of the eye, the ophthalmic surgical system comprising: A camera configured to generate surgical images of the eye in contact with a patient interface, the eye having a cornea and an iris defining a pupil having an actual pupil diameter, the cornea being deformed due to the patient interface, the surgical images including the pupil having the actual pupil diameter; as well as Computer, the computer is configured to: Obtain surgical images of the eye with the corneal deformation; A diagnostic image of the eye with a cornea having a natural curvature is obtained, the natural curvature affecting the actual pupil diameter to produce a diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image, the diagnostic pupil diameter being different from the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image; The actual pupil diameter of the surgical image is adjusted using an eye model to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes into account the curvature of the cornea; The refracted pupil diameter is used to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image; as well as The refractive pupil diameter is used to perform surgery on the eye, and the refractive pupil diameter compensates for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image during the surgery.

2. The ophthalmic surgical system as described in claim 1, It further includes a laser device configured to direct a laser beam toward the eye.

3. The ophthalmic surgical system as described in claim 1, wherein, Adjusting the actual pupil diameter of the surgical image using the eye model includes: Obtain information describing one or more of the following: the distance between the structures of the eye, the refractive power of the structures of the eye, the thickness of the structures of the eye, and the curvature of the structures of the eye; and The information is included in the eye model.

4. The ophthalmic surgical system as described in claim 1, wherein, Using the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for the difference includes: The surgical image is aligned with the diagnostic image based on the refracted pupil diameter.

5. The ophthalmic surgical system as described in claim 1, wherein, Using the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for the difference includes: The pupil centroid offset is determined based on the refracted pupil diameter; and The pupil center is determined based on the pupil centroid offset.

6. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 1, wherein the computer is further configured to: The size of the iris in the surgical image is adjusted using the eye model; and The torsion is corrected based on the adjusted iris size.

7. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 6, wherein, Adjusting the size of the iris in the surgical image includes: Determine the imaging ratio of the actual pupil diameter to the refracting pupil diameter; and The size of the iris is adjusted according to the imaging ratio.

8. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 6, wherein, Correcting torsion based on the adjusted iris structure includes: Identify the pseudo-rotation of the iris based on its size; and The pseudo-rotation is taken into account to correct for torsion.

9. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 1, wherein, The cornea has a reduced curvature.

10. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 1, wherein, The cornea is essentially flattened.

11. An ophthalmic surgical system for adjusting the size of the eye, the ophthalmic surgical system comprising: A camera configured to generate surgical images of the eye in contact with a patient interface, the eye having a cornea and an iris defining a pupil with an actual pupil diameter, the cornea being deformed due to the patient interface, the surgical images including the pupil having the interface pupil diameter; as well as Computer, the computer is configured to: Obtain surgical images of the eye with the corneal deformation; A diagnostic image of the eye with a cornea having a natural curvature is obtained, the natural curvature affecting the actual pupil diameter to produce a diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image, the diagnostic pupil diameter being different from the interface pupil diameter in the surgical image; The surgical image interface pupil diameter is adjusted using an eye model to produce a refractive pupil diameter that takes into account the curvature of the cornea. The refracted pupil diameter is used to compensate for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter of the diagnostic image and the interface pupil diameter of the surgical image; as well as The refractive pupil diameter is used to perform surgery on the eye, and the refractive pupil diameter compensates for the difference between the diagnostic pupil diameter in the diagnostic image and the actual pupil diameter in the surgical image during surgery.

12. The ophthalmic surgical system as described in claim 11, It further includes a laser device configured to direct a laser beam toward the eye.

13. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 11, wherein, Adjusting the pupil diameter of the surgical image using the eye model includes: Obtain information describing one or more of the following: the distance between the structures of the eye, the refractive power of the structures of the eye, the thickness of the structures of the eye, and the curvature of the structures of the eye; and The information is included in the eye model.

14. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 11, wherein, Using the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for the difference includes: The surgical image is aligned with the diagnostic image based on the refracted pupil diameter.

15. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 11, wherein, Using the refractive pupil diameter to compensate for the difference includes: The pupil centroid offset is determined based on the refracted pupil diameter; and The pupil center is determined based on the pupil centroid offset.

16. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 11, wherein the computer is further configured to: The size of the iris in the surgical image is adjusted using the eye model; and The torsion is corrected based on the adjusted iris size.

17. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 16, wherein, Adjusting the size of the iris in the surgical image includes: Determine the imaging ratio between the interface pupil diameter and the refractive pupil diameter; and The size of the iris is adjusted according to the imaging ratio.

18. The ophthalmic surgical system of claim 16, wherein, Correcting torsion based on the adjusted iris structure includes: Identify the pseudo-rotation of the iris based on its size; and The pseudo-rotation is taken into account to correct for torsion.

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