Method for breeding and domesticating northeast black bees suitable for pollination of greenhouse fruits and vegetables and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to pollination insect vector breeding technical field, especially to a kind of northeast black bee breeding domestication method suitable for greenhouse fruit and vegetable pollination, and the application of the northeast black bee pollination to promote greenhouse fruit and vegetable yield increase.The breeding domestication method includes the following steps: selecting greenhouse: selecting standard double-layer greenhouse shed;Selecting nectar crop: insect vector flower plant;Select domesticated variety: standard northeast black bee 1 box;Breeding domestication: cultivate insect vector flower plant in greenhouse, and breed northeast black bee by nectar pollination;Humidity control is 60-70%, daytime room temperature control is 23-26 DEG C, and nighttime room temperature control is 8-12 DEG C.The present application breeds northeast black bee in greenhouse, solves the problem that northeast black bee cannot pollinate and queen does not lay eggs to reproduce offspring due to non-physiological disease caused by light-seeking collision greenhouse film and poor humidity tolerance, and simultaneously, honeybee pollination can promote the yield increase of greenhouse insect vector flower fruit and vegetable in protection area, fruit shape is pure, and taste is sweet and sweet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pollinator breeding technology, and in particular to a breeding and domestication method for the Northeast Black Bee suitable for pollinating greenhouse fruits and vegetables, and the application of the Northeast Black Bee in promoting increased yield of greenhouse fruits and vegetables through pollination. Background Technology

[0002] The Northeast Black Bee National Nature Reserve is located in Raohe County, Heilongjiang Province, covering a total area of ​​11,365 square kilometers, including a core area of ​​4,965 square kilometers and a buffer zone of 6,400 square kilometers. The reserve protects the Northeast Black Bee and its nectar-producing plants. According to incomplete statistics, at least 3,000 mu (approximately 200 hectares) of greenhouses within the reserve cultivate cross-pollinated crops. The Northeast Black Bee, the only superior local bee species in China developed through a combination of natural selection and artificial breeding within the reserve, exhibits the following biological characteristics: strong cold resistance and overwintering ability, strong disease and stress resistance, relatively mild temperament, light tolerance, high brood production, strong wax secretion, early spring larval rearing, rapid colony development, ability to maintain large colonies, and strong foraging ability. However, it also exhibits weak swarming tendency, moderate orientation, intolerance to moisture, and strong phototaxis.

[0003] Because other bee species are prohibited from entering the protected area, bee species adapted to greenhouse pollination cannot enter. Since there is no natural wind inside the greenhouses, artificial hormone spraying has been used to solve the problem of fruit and vegetable pollination and fruit set. This not only increases the cost of greenhouse production but also produces a large number of deformed fruits. Furthermore, hormone residues have certain side effects on humans, posing safety hazards. However, the Northeast Black Bee has a strong phototaxis but poor tolerance to moisture. Directly introducing Northeast Black Bees into greenhouses easily causes them to collide with the greenhouse film due to phototaxis, resulting in numerous injuries or deaths. The humid environment inside the greenhouse also easily leads to non-physiological diseases such as crawling bee disease and problems such as the queen bee failing to lay eggs and reproduce. Especially in winter greenhouses, Northeast Black Bees not only cannot pollinate but also die in large numbers. Therefore, the breeding and domestication of Northeast Black Bees is of great significance to promote the pollination of insect-pollinated flowers, fruits, and vegetables within the protected area, increase yields, and reduce labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method and application for the breeding and domestication of Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses. This invention involves breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees in greenhouses during the winter. The bees can reproduce naturally within the greenhouse, and the worker bees produced by the queen bees bred in the greenhouse in the early spring of the following year exhibit stronger resistance to high temperatures and humidity than their parents. Furthermore, their pollination effect on insect-pollinated flowers and vegetables in the greenhouse is better than that of their parents, thus promoting increased yields of insect-pollinated flowers and vegetables within protected areas.

[0005] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide an application of Northeast black bee pollination to promote increased yield of greenhouse fruits and vegetables.

[0007] The method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black honeybees suitable for greenhouse fruit and vegetable pollination according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Selecting a greenhouse: Select a standard double-layer greenhouse as the greenhouse for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees. Each layer of the standard double-layer greenhouse is covered with a light-transmitting PO polyethylene film. Each greenhouse has an area of ​​2-2.5 mu and the roof is 6-10 meters above the ground.

[0009] (2) Selecting honey-collecting pollinating crops: Insect-pollinated flowering plants were selected as the pollinating crops for the honey-collecting and breeding of Northeast black bees;

[0010] (3) Select domesticated breeds: Select one hive of standard Northeast black bees as the domesticated breed. The hive contains 5 full frames of honeycomb, including one queen bee with strong egg-laying capacity and no less than 30,000 worker bees.

[0011] (4) Breeding and domestication:

[0012] The insect-pollinated flowering plants were cultivated in a greenhouse;

[0013] The Northeast Black Bee colony, which is about to enter its natural overwintering period, is moved into the greenhouse. The beehives of the Northeast Black Bee colony are placed in the middle of the standard double-layer greenhouse, 10cm away from the ground, with the hive entrance facing south. The water trough and feeding box are placed on top of the beehive.

[0014] Under the conditions of 70% indoor humidity, 23-26℃ indoor temperature with natural daytime light, 8-12℃ indoor temperature at night, daily feeding with natural pollen and nectar, and temperature control of 32-35℃ in the beehive, the Northeast Black Bee is raised by collecting nectar from the insect-pollinated flowers to obtain Northeast Black Bees suitable for greenhouse fruit and vegetable pollination.

[0015] The Northeast Black Bees leave their hives to collect honey at 9:00 AM and return at 3:00 PM.

[0016] The method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein the insect-pollinated flowering plants include any one of tomatoes, grapes, strawberries, pumpkins, or cucumbers.

[0017] The method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein the insect-pollinated flowering plant is strawberry; preferably, the strawberry variety is Dandong Daye Jiujiu; preferably, the planting density of the strawberry is 6500-7500 plants / mu.

[0018] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses is provided, wherein the standard double-layer greenhouse is lined with moisture-absorbing material.

[0019] The method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein the moisture-absorbing material is rice husk, and the thickness of the husk is 3-6 cm.

[0020] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, in step (3) of selecting pollinating varieties, the beehive is a horizontal beehive.

[0021] According to the specific embodiments of the present invention, the breeding and domestication method of Northeast black bees suitable for pollination of fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, in step (4) of the breeding and domestication, the honey collection and breeding time is 6-9 months.

[0022] The present invention relates to the application of Northeast black bees, which are suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, in promoting increased production of greenhouse fruits and vegetables. The Northeast black bees are obtained by the aforementioned breeding and domestication methods.

[0023] According to the specific embodiments of the present invention, the greenhouse fruits and vegetables include any one or more of tomatoes, grapes, strawberries, pumpkins, or cucumbers; preferably, the greenhouse fruits and vegetables are strawberries; preferably, the strawberry variety is Dandong Daye Jiujiu; preferably, the planting density of the strawberries is 6500-7500 plants / mu.

[0024] According to the specific embodiments of the present invention, after the greenhouse fruits and vegetables are planted, well-rotted manure and foliar fertilizer are applied; the amount of well-rotted manure applied is 4500-5500 kg / mu; the amount of foliar fertilizer applied is 145-195 g / mu; the foliar fertilizer is made by mixing potassium sulfate, urea, brown sugar, brassinolide and water, wherein the concentration of potassium sulfate is 2-2.5 g / L, the concentration of urea is 2.5-5 g / L, the concentration of brown sugar is 2.5 g / L, and the concentration of brassinolide is 0.025 g / L.

[0025] In this invention, the breeding and domestication principle of Northeast Black Bees is as follows: Northeast Black Bees are raised in a standard double-layered greenhouse in the winter of the protected area. Before the insect-pollinated flowers, fruits and vegetables are planted, the Northeast Black Bees adapt to the greenhouse environment. During the flowering period of the insect-pollinated flowers, fruits and vegetables, the Northeast Black Bees collect nectar and pollinate. Since the Northeast Black Bees' tendency to collect nectar and pollinate is greater than their phototaxis, and the temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse are different from the external environment, it is possible to domesticate Northeast Black Bees and their offspring that are resistant to high temperature and high humidity in winter.

[0026] This invention addresses the pollination problem of off-season greenhouse fruits and vegetables within protected areas. The technical measures employed include: maintaining sufficient space within the greenhouse to facilitate the activity of Northeast black bees; using PO polyethylene plastic film with good light transmittance and a slight dripping effect, ensuring that even if water droplets condense on the film due to water vapor inside the greenhouse, they quickly flow down the surface to the bottom of the greenhouse; laying rice husks at the bottom of the greenhouse, which have some hygroscopic properties, to maintain stable humidity levels and prevent increased humidity from affecting the breeding and domestication of Northeast black bees; and feeding the bees daily with natural nectar and pollen in addition to honey collection to maintain their health, promote colony growth, and improve the morphology of the next generation of queen bees and worker bees.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] 1. This invention involves breeding and domesticating Northeast Black Bees in a greenhouse during winter. The bees can reproduce naturally in the greenhouse, and the worker bees produced by the queen bees bred in the greenhouse in early spring of the following year exhibit stronger resistance to high temperatures and humidity than their parents. Their pollination effect on insect-pollinated flowers, fruits, and vegetables is also better than that of their parents. 2. Breeding and domesticating Northeast Black Bees in a greenhouse overcomes the negative effects of their phototaxis and moisture tolerance, promoting increased yields from insect-pollinated flowers, fruits, and vegetables. 3. This invention obtains offspring of Northeast Black Bees through breeding and domestication, solving the technical problem of not being able to introduce other bee colonies during greenhouse cultivation within protected areas. Compared to traditional artificial hormone spraying in protected areas, this method can increase the yield of insect-pollinated flowers, fruits, and vegetables in greenhouses, reduce deformed fruits, and produce fruits with pure shape, sweet taste, and a mellow flavor. This facilitates continuous fruit ripening and market availability, improves market sales and increases income, while avoiding food safety hazards caused by hormone residues. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] Example

[0031] This embodiment describes a method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating greenhouse fruits and vegetables, including the following steps:

[0032] (1) Greenhouse selection: Select a standard double-layer greenhouse as the greenhouse for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees. The standard double-layer greenhouse is covered with two layers of PO polyethylene plastic film with excellent light transmission performance. The area of ​​the standard double-layer greenhouse is 2-2.5 acres, and the roof is 6-10 meters above the ground to ensure that the Northeast black bees have sufficient activity space. In order to ensure the temperature inside the standard double-layer greenhouse in winter, a hot air blower is installed inside the standard double-layer greenhouse.

[0033] (2) Selecting honey-collecting pollinating crops: Insect-pollinated flowering plants were selected as the pollinating crops for the honey-collecting and breeding of Northeast black bees;

[0034] (3) Select pollinating species: Select one hive of standard Northeast Black Bee as the pollinating bee species. The hive has 5 full frames of honeycomb, including one queen bee with strong egg-laying capacity and no less than 30,000 worker bees.

[0035] (4) Breeding and domestication:

[0036] The insect-pollinated flowering plants were cultivated in a greenhouse;

[0037] The Northeast Black Bee colony, which is about to enter its natural overwintering period, is moved into the greenhouse. The beehives of the Northeast Black Bee colony are placed in the middle of the standard double-layer greenhouse, 10cm away from the ground, with the hive entrance facing south. The water trough and feeding box are placed on top of the beehive.

[0038] Under the conditions of 70% indoor humidity, 23-26℃ indoor temperature with natural daytime light, 8-12℃ indoor temperature at night, daily feeding with natural pollen and nectar, and temperature control of 32-35℃ in the beehive, the Northeast Black Bee is raised by collecting nectar from the insect-pollinated flowers to obtain Northeast Black Bees suitable for greenhouse fruit and vegetable pollination.

[0039] The Northeast Black Bees leave their hives to collect honey at 9:00 AM and return at 3:00 PM.

[0040] To ensure the normal cultivation of insect-pollinated flowering plants by Northeast black bees in a standard double-layered greenhouse, the plants are fertilized regularly.

[0041] Preferably, the insect-pollinated flowering plant includes any one of tomato, grape, strawberry, pumpkin, or cucumber.

[0042] Preferably, the insect-pollinated flowering plant is strawberry; preferably, the strawberry variety is Dandong Daye Jiujiu; preferably, the planting density of the strawberry is 6500-7500 plants per mu.

[0043] Preferably, the standard double-sided greenhouse is lined with moisture-absorbing material; the insect-pollinated flowering plants are cultivated in the standard double-layer greenhouse by ridge cultivation, with moisture-absorbing material laid in the furrows to regulate the humidity inside the standard double-layer greenhouse.

[0044] Preferably, the absorbent material is rice husk, and the thickness of the layer is 3-6cm.

[0045] Preferably, in step (3) of selecting pollinating varieties, the beehive is a horizontal beehive.

[0046] Preferably, in step (4) of breeding and domestication, the honey-collecting breeding time is 6-9 months; after the honey-collecting breeding is completed, the offspring of the Northeast Black Bee are divided into boxes or combs, and the offspring are harvested and bred, which are suitable for greenhouse fruit and vegetable pollination.

[0047] This embodiment also provides the application of Northeast Black Bee, which is suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, in promoting increased production of greenhouse fruits and vegetables. The Northeast Black Bee is obtained by the aforementioned breeding and domestication method. The application involves placing the Northeast Black Bee colony obtained through breeding and domestication in the greenhouse where fruits and vegetables are cultivated during winter, and using the Northeast Black Bee to pollinate the greenhouse fruits and vegetables, thereby promoting increased production of greenhouse fruits and vegetables during winter.

[0048] Preferably, greenhouse fruits and vegetables include any one or more of tomatoes, grapes, strawberries, pumpkins, or cucumbers.

[0049] Preferably, the greenhouse fruit and vegetable is strawberry;

[0050] Preferably, the strawberry variety is Dandong Daye Jiujiu.

[0051] Preferably, the strawberry planting density is 6,500-7,500 plants per acre.

[0052] Preferably, well-rotted manure and foliar fertilizer are applied after the greenhouse fruits and vegetables are planted.

[0053] Preferably, the application rate of well-rotted manure is 4500-5500 kg / mu; the application rate of foliar fertilizer is 145-195 g / mu.

[0054] Preferably, the foliar fertilizer is made by mixing potassium sulfate, urea, brown sugar, brassinolide and water.

[0055] Preferably, the concentrations of potassium sulfate, urea, brown sugar, and brassinolide are 2-2.5 g / L, 2.5-5 g / L, 2.5 g / L, and 0.025 g / L, respectively.

[0056] Test case

[0057] 1. Selection of experimental base: The base is located 10km west of the county seat of the Northeast Black Bee Nature Reserve (Southwest Chacun Village, Raohe County, Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province), with longitude 133°, latitude 46° and altitude 104.7m.

[0058] 2. Select two standard greenhouses, each with an area of ​​2 mu (approximately 0.33 hectares), 110m long, 13m wide, and 6m high, facing due south at a 15° westward deviation. The front and roof of the standard greenhouses are double-layered arched steel structures, covered layer by layer with PO polyethylene plastic film that has good light transmission and slight dripping. The sides and back walls of the greenhouses are made of 70cm thick thermal insulation composite material.

[0059] 3. Select the crop to plant: strawberries, specifically the Dandong Daye Jiujiu variety, which can be harvested twice a year. Seedlings should be cultivated before transplanting them in mid-August.

[0060] 4. Select pollination varieties: 2 standard and healthy Northeast Black Bee hives. Both hives are horizontal hives with 5 full frames of honeycomb in each hive. Each hive contains 1 colony of Northeast Black Bees, with 1 queen bee that has a strong egg-laying capacity and has mated, as well as more than 30,000 worker bees. The temperature inside the hives is 32-35℃.

[0061] 5. Select the test period: from August of the current year to April of the following year.

[0062] 6. Cultivation and management of crops in greenhouses:

[0063] ① In the standard greenhouse, dig furrows and set up one observation furrow for every 5 strawberry furrows according to the mechanical layout method. The observation furrows are used to check the number of flowers, the number of fruits, the average weight of a single fruit, and the yield per plant for each strawberry seedling. Lay a 4cm thick layer of rice husks in the furrows to regulate the humidity in the standard greenhouse.

[0064] ② In mid-August, plant strawberry seedlings on the strawberry beds and observation beds, with 160 seedlings planted per bed; apply well-rotted fertilizer at a rate of 5000 kg / mu.

[0065] ③ The flowers begin to bloom in mid-September.

[0066] ④ Fruit setting begins in late September. Spray foliar fertilizer once (the foliar fertilizer per acre is made by mixing 40g potassium sulfate, 75g urea, 50g brown sugar, 5g brassinolide, and 20kg water).

[0067] ⑤ In mid-November, when the fruit has enlarged and set its shape, spray a foliar fertilizer once (the foliar fertilizer per acre is made by mixing 45g of potassium sulfate, 50-100g of urea, 50g of brown sugar, 5g of brassinolide, and 20kg of water).

[0068] 7. Breeding, domestication, and management of Northeast black bees:

[0069] On the day the strawberry seedlings were planted, a group of Northeast black bees was placed in the middle of each standard greenhouse. The beehives were 10cm off the ground with the hive entrance facing south. Water troughs and feeding boxes were placed on top of the beehives to encourage bee movement.

[0070] After placing the beehives, feed the Northeast Black Bees plenty of honey and natural pollen collected by the bees every day. Place the water trough and feeding box on top of the beehives to help the Northeast Black Bees adapt to the environment inside the standard greenhouse. From mid-August to mid-April of the following year, observe the living patterns and physical behavior of the Northeast Black Bees in the standard greenhouse.

[0071] 8. Standard greenhouse management: Control the humidity in the standard greenhouse to about 70%, the daytime temperature to 23-26℃, and the nighttime temperature to 8-12℃; when the humidity is >70%, it indicates that the rice husks in the furrows have failed to absorb water or are saturated. After manually removing the rice husks, new rice husks should be laid in the furrows.

[0072] Comparative Example

[0073] The difference between this comparative example and the experimental example is that strawberry seedlings were planted and artificial hormone pollination was carried out during the flowering period of the strawberry seedlings.

[0074] Experimental results: 1. In mid-September, when strawberries begin to bloom, the Northeast Black Bees left the hive to pollinate at 9:00 AM and returned to the hive at 3:00 PM, which was normal.

[0075] 2. Both colonies of Northeast black bees in the two standard greenhouses showed a slight phototaxis and collision with the greenhouse film, but the inspection did not find a large number of Northeast black bees that died or were crippled due to the collision with the greenhouse film.

[0076] 3. The queens of both colonies of Northeast Black Bees were able to lay eggs normally in the temperature and humidity environment of a standard greenhouse. From August 15, 2021 to April 15, 2022, each colony of Northeast Black Bees produced more than 3 frames of offspring worker bees, and each queen bee laid more than 10,000 to 16,000 eggs. The worker bees underwent normal metamorphosis at all stages, that is, the developmental stages of egg-larva-pupa-adult were normal.

[0077] 4. After pollination with Northeast black bees in a standard greenhouse, the strawberries have a regular shape, a pure natural aroma, and an average weight of 25-30 grams per fruit. The yield per mu is about 3,000 jin. The number of strawberries of different sizes on each strawberry plant forms a time-dependent ladder. Compared with the control group, the fruit setting rate of strawberries in the standard greenhouse increased by 25%, the weight of single fruit increased by 25%, the yield per unit area also increased by 25%, and the rate of deformed fruit decreased by 30%.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, characterized in that, The breeding and domestication methods include: (1) Selecting a greenhouse: Select a standard double-layer greenhouse as the greenhouse for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees. Each layer of the standard double-layer greenhouse is covered with a light-transmitting PO polyethylene film. Each greenhouse has an area of ​​2-2.5 mu and the roof is 6-10 meters above the ground. The standard double-layer greenhouse is lined with moisture-absorbing material, which is rice husk, and the thickness is 3-6 cm. (2) Selection of pollinating crops for honey collection: Insect-pollinated flowering plants were selected as pollinating crops for the honey collection and breeding of Northeast black bees; (3) Select domesticated breed: Select one hive of standard Northeast black bees as the domesticated breed. The hive contains 5 full frames of honeycomb, including one queen bee with strong egg-laying capacity and no less than 30,000 worker bees; the hive is a horizontal hive. (4) Breeding and domestication: The insect-pollinated flowering plants were cultivated in a greenhouse; The Northeast Black Bee colony, which is about to enter its natural overwintering period, is moved into the greenhouse. The beehives of the Northeast Black Bee colony are placed in the middle of the standard double-layer greenhouse, 10cm away from the ground, with the hive entrance facing south. The water trough and feeding box are placed on top of the beehive. Under the conditions of 70% indoor humidity, 23-26℃ indoor temperature with natural daytime light, 8-12℃ indoor temperature at night, daily feeding with natural pollen and nectar, and temperature control of 32-35℃ in the beehive, the Northeast Black Bee is raised by collecting nectar from the insect-pollinated flowers to obtain Northeast Black Bees suitable for greenhouse fruit and vegetable pollination. The honey-collecting and breeding period is 6-9 months; The Northeast Black Bees leave their hives to collect honey at 9:00 AM and return at 3:00 PM.

2. The method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for fruit and vegetable pollination in greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insect-pollinated flowering plants include any one of the following: tomato, grape, strawberry, pumpkin, or cucumber.

3. The method for breeding and domesticating Northeast black bees suitable for fruit and vegetable pollination in greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insect-pollinated flowering plant is strawberry; the strawberry variety is Dandong Daye Jiujiu; the planting density of the strawberry is 6500-7500 plants per mu.

4. An application of the Northeast Black Bee, suitable for pollinating fruits and vegetables in greenhouses, in promoting increased yields of greenhouse fruits and vegetables, characterized in that... The Northeast Black Bee is obtained by the breeding and domestication method described in any one of claims 1-3.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The greenhouse fruits and vegetables include any one or more of tomatoes, grapes, strawberries, pumpkins, or cucumbers.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The greenhouse fruits and vegetables are strawberries; the strawberry variety is Dandong Daye Jiujiu; the planting density of strawberries is 6500-7500 plants per mu.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the greenhouse fruits and vegetables are planted, well-rotted manure and foliar fertilizer are applied. The amount of well-rotted manure applied is 4500-5500 kg / mu. The amount of foliar fertilizer applied is 145-195 g / mu. The foliar fertilizer is made by mixing potassium sulfate, urea, brown sugar, brassinolide and water, wherein the concentration of potassium sulfate is 2-2.5 g / L, urea is 2.5-5 g / L, the concentration of brown sugar is 2.5 g / L and the concentration of brassinolide is 0.025 g / L.