A spinning device and method for forming a conical tubular fitting of a maraging steel

Abstract

The application provides a spinning device and method for forming a conical pipe of a martensitic aging steel, and relates to the technical field of spinning forming. The spinning device comprises a die, spinning mechanisms arranged on both sides of the die, and a material removing device arranged on the die. A martensitic aging steel blank is fixed between the die and the spinning mechanisms. The spinning mechanisms spin the martensitic aging steel blank to obtain a conical pipe, and the material removing device is used to separate the formed pipe from the die. The scheme can realize spinning forming of a conical pipe of a martensitic aging steel at room temperature, improve machining precision and production efficiency, and reduce production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spinning forming technology, and in particular to a spinning apparatus and method for forming tapered tubes of martensitic aging steel. Background Technology

[0002] Due to its high material cost, the commonly used machining methods for martensitic aging steel are quite wasteful and cannot meet the requirements of industrial production. Spinning, as a non-cutting machining method, has the characteristics of high production efficiency and low material cost. However, martensitic aging steel has high strength and poor plasticity, making it difficult to spin with reduced diameter at room temperature.

[0003] In existing technologies, direct heating methods such as acetylene flame heating are required for hot spinning, which results in a large temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the billet, easy cracking of the billet during the forming process, and difficulty in temperature control, causing the performance of martensitic aging steel to fail to meet design requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a spinning apparatus and method for forming tapered tubes of martensitic aging steel, to solve the problem of difficult spinning of martensitic aging steel at room temperature.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A spinning apparatus for forming tapered tube fittings of martensitic aging steel, comprising:

[0007] Mold;

[0008] Spinning mechanisms are provided on both sides of the mold;

[0009] A material unloading device is installed on the mold;

[0010] A martensitic aging steel billet is fixed between the mold and the spinning mechanism;

[0011] The spinning mechanism spins the martensitic aging steel billet to obtain a tapered tube, and the forming tube is removed from the mold by the stripping device.

[0012] Optionally, the mold includes a base and a worktable, wherein the base and the worktable are fixedly connected.

[0013] Optionally, the side surface of the workbench is provided with a plurality of fixing bolts, which fix the martensitic aging steel billet on the workbench.

[0014] Optionally, the spinning mechanism includes:

[0015] Spinning wheel;

[0016] Spinner frame;

[0017] Fixture;

[0018] The rotating wheel and the rotating wheel frame are fixedly connected by the fixing frame.

[0019] Optionally, the rotating wheel includes:

[0020] Shaft body;

[0021] Wheels are disposed at both ends of the axle;

[0022] The fixed frame is connected to the rotary wheel via the shaft, and the rotary wheel frame drives the rotary wheel to move along a preset spinning tool path.

[0023] Optionally, the descrambling device includes:

[0024] A drive shaft, the first end of which is disposed inside the machine base;

[0025] The stripping slider is located at the second end of the drive shaft. The extension and retraction of the drive shaft drives the stripping slider to move, pushing down the formed tapered tube.

[0026] Optionally, the unloading device is disposed on both sides of the workbench and is fixedly connected to the machine base.

[0027] The present invention also provides a spinning forming method for maraging steel tapered tube fittings, applied to the spinning apparatus for forming maraging steel tapered tube fittings as described above, the method comprising:

[0028] The martensitic aging steel billet is fixed on the mold, and the position of the spinning mechanism is adjusted so that the spinning mechanism comes into contact with the martensitic aging steel billet.

[0029] The spinning mechanism is controlled to spin the martensitic aging steel billet along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting;

[0030] The tapered tube is pushed off the mold by the unloading device.

[0031] Optionally, the spinning mechanism is controlled to spin the martensitic aging steel billet along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting, including:

[0032] The spinning mechanism is controlled to perform strong spinning and thinning spinning and diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting.

[0033] Optionally, the spinning mechanism is controlled to perform strong spinning and thinning spinning and diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting, including:

[0034] The spinning mechanism is controlled to perform two strong spinning thinning spinnings and a diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet along a preset spinning path, resulting in a tapered pipe fitting.

[0035] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The above-mentioned solution of the present invention includes: a mold; a spinning mechanism disposed on both sides of the mold; a stripping device disposed on the mold; a maraging steel billet fixed between the mold and the spinning mechanism; the spinning mechanism spinning the maraging steel billet to obtain a tapered tube, and the stripping device removing the formed tube from the mold. The solution of the present invention can realize the spinning forming of maraging steel tapered parts at room temperature, balancing processing accuracy and production efficiency, while also facilitating mounting and dismounting. By adjusting process parameters, the workpiece can meet the drawing requirements, reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tapered tube spinning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating wheel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mold and unloading device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the toolpath for strong spin thinning spin forming provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the toolpath for a diameter reduction spinning process provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] 1. Mold; 11. Machine base; 12. Worktable; 21. Spinning wheel; 211. Shaft; 212. Wheel body; 22. Spinning wheel frame; 23. Fixing frame; 3. Unloading device; 31. Drive shaft; 32. Unloading slider; 4. Martensitic aging steel billet; 5. Fixing bolt; 61. First toolpath; 62. Second toolpath; 71. Third toolpath; 72. Fourth toolpath; 73. Fifth toolpath; 74. Sixth toolpath. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a spinning apparatus for forming tapered tubes of martensitic aging steel, comprising:

[0046] Mold 1;

[0047] Spinning mechanisms are provided on both sides of the mold 1;

[0048] The unloading device 3 is installed on the mold 1;

[0049] A martensitic aging steel billet 4 is fixed between the mold 1 and the spinning mechanism;

[0050] The spinning mechanism spins the martensitic aging steel billet 4 to obtain a tapered tube, and the forming tube is removed from the mold 1 by the unloading device 3.

[0051] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the tube blank before spinning are designed according to the design requirements of the drawings, and the dimensions of the mold 1 are designed according to the dimensions of the tube blank before spinning. The mold 1 is installed on the spinning machine, the spinning mechanism is installed on both sides of the mold 1, and the relevant parameters are adjusted.

[0052] The martensitic aging steel billet 4 is fixed to the mold 1 by multiple fixing bolts 5. After the spinning program is debugged and confirmed, the spinning mechanism spins the martensitic aging steel billet 4 according to the preset spinning tool path. After spinning is completed, the unloading device 3 works to push the formed tapered tube off.

[0053] The spinning device described in this embodiment can realize the spinning of martensitic aging steel tapered parts at room temperature, taking into account both processing accuracy and production efficiency. At the same time, it can be easily installed and disassembled, and the workpiece can be made to meet the drawing requirements by adjusting the process parameters, thereby reducing production costs.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the mold 1 includes a base 11 and a worktable 12, wherein the base 11 and the worktable 12 are fixedly connected.

[0055] In this embodiment, the inner side of the base 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the worktable 12 by screws;

[0056] The machine base 11 has multiple interfaces on its sides for mounting and fixing with the spinning machine. The machine base 11 has interfaces on three sides, which can improve the fixing effect. At the same time, the interfaces facilitate mounting and dismounting, allowing for quick assembly or disassembly during operation and after spinning, thus improving work efficiency.

[0057] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of fixing bolts 5 are provided on the side surface of the workbench 12, and the plurality of fixing bolts 5 fix the martensitic aging steel billet 4 on the workbench 12.

[0058] In this embodiment, eight fixing bolts 5 are provided on each of the two side surfaces of the workbench 12 that contact the rotating wheel 21. The martensitic aging steel billet 4 is secured to the workbench 12 by the ends of the fixing bolts 5. This fixing method simplifies the fixing process and facilitates cooperation with the unloading device 3, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0059] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the spinning mechanism includes:

[0060] Rotary wheel 21;

[0061] Rotary frame 22;

[0062] Fixture 23;

[0063] The rotating wheel 21 and the rotating wheel frame 22 are fixedly connected by the fixing frame 23.

[0064] In this embodiment, two spinning mechanisms are provided, located on the upper and lower sides of the mold 1, respectively;

[0065] The spinning mechanism includes the spinning wheel 21, the spinning wheel frame 22, and the fixing frame 23. The spinning wheel frame 22 is T-shaped and is used to fix the spinning wheel 21 and adjust the position of the spinning wheel 21 according to the working requirements.

[0066] The fixing frame 23 sleeves the spinning wheel 21 and the spinning wheel frame 22 together, and fixes the spinning wheel 21 and the spinning wheel frame 22 with bolts. The spinning mechanism adopts a multi-structure assembly mode, which facilitates the replacement of different models of spinning wheels according to different spinning methods and different types of blanks, thereby reducing equipment costs and equipment replacement time.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the rotating wheel 21 includes:

[0068] Shaft 211;

[0069] Wheels 212 are disposed at both ends of the shaft 211;

[0070] The fixed frame 23 is connected to the rotating wheel 21 via the shaft 211, and the rotating wheel frame 22 drives the rotating wheel 21 to move along the preset spinning tool path.

[0071] In this embodiment, the rotating wheel 21 is an R4 double-conical rotating wheel. The rotating wheel 21 consists of the central shaft 211 and two wheel bodies 212 disposed at both ends of the shaft 211. The shaft 211 has space for connection with the fixed frame 23. After the rotating wheel 21 is connected to the fixed frame 23, there is a certain distance between the wheel body 212 and the fixed frame 23 to prevent the wheel body 212 from contacting the fixed frame 23 during operation.

[0072] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the descrambling device 3 includes:

[0073] A drive shaft 31, the first end of which is disposed inside the base 11;

[0074] The stripping slider 32 is located at the second end of the drive shaft 31. The extension and retraction of the drive shaft 31 drives the stripping slider 32 to move, pushing down the formed tapered tube.

[0075] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the unloading device 3 is disposed on both sides of the workbench 12 and is fixedly connected to the base 11.

[0076] In the above embodiment, the unloading device 3 is fixedly connected to the inside of the base 11 via the transmission shaft 31, and the transmission shaft 31 extends and retracts to drive the unloading slider 32 to move;

[0077] In the non-working state, the drive shaft 31 is in a retracted state, and the unloading device 3 is in contact with the machine base 11;

[0078] After the spinning machine finishes spinning the martensitic aging steel billet 4, the stripping device 3 operates, the drive shaft 31 extends, and the stripping slider 32 is lifted, so that the stripping slider 32 is moved to the position of the worktable 12, so that the formed pipe is removed from the worktable 12.

[0079] In this embodiment, by extending and retracting the unloading device 3 in coordination with the worktable 12, the unloading of the formed tube can be automated, thus improving work efficiency.

[0080] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a spinning forming method for maraging steel tapered tubes, applied to the spinning apparatus for forming maraging steel tapered tubes as described in the above embodiments, the method comprising:

[0081] Step 1: Fix the martensitic aging steel billet 4 on the mold 1, and adjust the position of the spinning mechanism so that the spinning mechanism contacts the martensitic aging steel billet 4.

[0082] Step 2: Control the spinning mechanism to spin the martensitic aging steel billet 4 along the preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting;

[0083] Step 3: The tapered tube is pushed off the mold 1 by the unloading device 3.

[0084] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 1 may specifically include:

[0085] Place the maraging steel billet 4 on the workbench 12, rotate the fixing bolt 5 to fix the maraging steel billet 4; after fixing the spinning wheel 21 and the spinning wheel frame 22 through the fixing frame 23, move the spinning wheel frame 22 so that the spinning wheel 21 contacts the maraging steel billet 4, and position the two spinning wheels 21 so that they are on the same vertical line.

[0086] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 2 may specifically include:

[0087] By controlling the spinning process through a preset spinning program, the spinning wheel frame 22 drives the spinning wheel 21 to run from the starting end of the spinning process to the ending end of the spinning process, thereby obtaining a tapered tube.

[0088] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 3 may specifically include:

[0089] After the spinning process is completed, the unspinning device 3 is activated to demold the martensitic aging steel billet 4, causing the martensitic aging steel billet 4 to be pushed off the mold 1. Then, the unspinned part of the martensitic aging steel billet 4 is fixed, and the corresponding length is cut according to the design requirements to obtain the finished tapered part.

[0090] It should be noted that this method is the same as the method described above. All implementations in the above device embodiments are applicable to the embodiments of this method and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0091] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the spinning mechanism is controlled to spin the martensitic aging steel billet 4 along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting, comprising:

[0092] The spinning mechanism is controlled to perform strong spinning and thinning spinning and diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet 4 along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe.

[0093] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the spinning mechanism is controlled to perform strong spinning and thinning spinning and diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet 4 along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting, including:

[0094] The spinning mechanism is controlled to perform two strong spinning thinning spinnings and four diameter reduction spinnings on the martensitic aging steel billet 4 along a preset spinning path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting.

[0095] In the above embodiments, the strong spinning thinning process, also known as thinning spinning, involves fixing the blank to the mold using a tail-end or other method during spinning. The mold rotates, and the spinning wheel performs a feeding motion, causing the blank to continuously thin point by point and adhere to the mold to form a part of the desired shape. It mainly changes the thickness and shape of the blank to achieve the forming of the workpiece. Based on the deformation law and the different shapes of the formed parts, strong spinning can be divided into two categories: strong spinning of cylindrical parts and strong spinning of conical parts.

[0096] Among them, high-intensity spinning of conical parts, also known as shear spinning, refers to the process of mounting and fixing sheet metal or conical blanks onto a mold. During spinning, the spinning wheel rotates with the workpiece and the mold, causing the workpiece to deform point by point, thus achieving the required wall thickness and angle in the blank. Shear spinning has two methods: forward spinning and reverse spinning. In this embodiment, forward spinning is used to spin conical parts onto the maraging steel billet 4.

[0097] As an advanced high-strength steel, martensitic aging steel can achieve an aged yield strength of 1700MPa to 1900MPa. Therefore, before spinning, the martensitic aging steel billet 4 is first subjected to solution treatment to ensure that its strength and plasticity meet the process requirements and to ensure the smooth progress of the spinning process.

[0098] like Figure 4 As shown, due to the high strength and large deformation resistance of martensitic aging steel billets, excessive single pressing can lead to severe material springback. Therefore, this design uses a two-pass spinning process for strong spinning and thinning. The spinning wheel 21 performs two passes of spinning in the order of the first tool path 61 and the second tool path 62, so that the wall thickness of the product meets the requirements of the process design, further improving the accuracy of spinning and improving the quality of the product.

[0099] like Figure 5 As shown, the design of this scheme is to use a four-pass spinning process for reducing diameter. The spinning wheel 21 performs four passes of spinning in the order of the third cutter path 71, the fourth cutter path 72, the fifth cutter path 73, and the sixth cutter path 74. This can ensure the dimensional accuracy of the cone angle, enable the processing of the tapered tube to be completed in one pass, ensure processing accuracy, and improve production efficiency.

[0100] The spinning apparatus and method for forming tapered tubes of martensitic aging steel described above can realize the spinning forming of tapered martensitic aging steel parts at room temperature, taking into account both processing accuracy and production efficiency. At the same time, it can be easily installed and disassembled, and the workpiece can meet the drawing requirements by adjusting the process parameters, thereby reducing production costs.

[0101] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spinning apparatus for forming tapered tube fittings of martensitic aging steel, characterized in that, include: Mold (1); Spinning mechanisms are provided on both sides of the mold (1); The unloading device (3) is installed on the mold (1); A martensitic aging steel billet (4) is fixed between the mold (1) and the spinning mechanism. The spinning mechanism spins the martensitic aging steel billet (4) to obtain a tapered pipe fitting, including: fixing the martensitic aging steel billet (4) on the mold (1); adjusting the position of the spinning mechanism so that the spinning mechanism contacts the martensitic aging steel billet (4); controlling the spinning mechanism to spin the martensitic aging steel billet (4) along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting; and using the unloading device (3) to remove the formed pipe fitting from the mold (1). The mold (1) includes a base (11) and a worktable (12), wherein the base (11) and the worktable (12) are fixedly connected; The side surface of the workbench (12) is provided with a plurality of fixing bolts (5), which fix the martensitic aging steel billet (4) on the workbench (12). The spinning mechanism includes: Rotary wheel (21); Spinner frame (22); Fixture (23); The rotating wheel (21) and the rotating wheel frame (22) are fixedly connected by the fixing frame (23); wherein, the rotating wheel (21) includes: Shaft (211); Wheels (212) are provided at both ends of the shaft (211); The fixed frame (23) is connected to the rotating wheel (21) via the shaft (211), and the rotating wheel frame (22) drives the rotating wheel (21) to move along the preset spinning tool path; there is a distance between the wheel body (212) and the fixed frame (23); The unloading device (3) includes: A drive shaft (31), the first end of which is disposed inside the base (11); The stripping slider (32) is set at the second end of the drive shaft (31). The drive shaft (31) extends and retracts, driving the stripping slider (32) to move and push down the formed tapered tube.

2. The spinning apparatus for forming tapered tubes of martensitic aging steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading device (3) is located on both sides of the workbench (12) and is fixedly connected to the machine base (11).

3. A method for spinning a tapered tube fitting made of martensitic aging steel, characterized in that, The spinning apparatus used in any one of claims 1 to 2 for forming tapered tubes of martensitic aging steel, the method comprising: The martensitic aging steel billet (4) is fixed on the mold (1), and the position of the spinning mechanism is adjusted so that the spinning mechanism contacts the martensitic aging steel billet (4). The spinning mechanism is controlled to spin the martensitic aging steel billet (4) along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting; The tapered tube is pushed off the mold (1) by the unloading device (3); The spinning mechanism controls the spinning process along a preset spinning path to spin the martensitic aging steel billet (4) to obtain a tapered pipe fitting, including: The spinning mechanism is controlled to perform strong spinning and thinning spinning and diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet (4) along the preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting; The spinning mechanism is controlled to perform strong spinning and thinning spinning and diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet (4) along a preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe fitting, including: The spinning mechanism is controlled to perform two strong spinning and thinning spinning and four diameter reduction spinning on the martensitic aging steel billet (4) along the preset spinning tool path to obtain a tapered pipe.

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