Drill bit structure and coal mine drilling machine

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of coal mine mechanical equipment, and relates to a drill bit structure and a coal mine drilling machine. The drill bit structure comprises a driving device, a mounting block sleeved on an output shaft of the driving device; first and second fixed blocks symmetrically arranged on the mounting block; first and second cutter seat bodies respectively connected with the first and second fixed blocks; and a detection assembly arranged on the second cutter seat body, used for detecting a resistance value borne by the second cutter seat body in real time and transmitting the resistance value to a controller in real time. The controller compares the received resistance value with preset threshold information. When the resistance is greater than a preset upper threshold, the controller sends control information to the driving device to reduce the rotating speed and the feed amount. When the resistance value is less than a preset lower threshold, the controller sends control information to the driving device to increase the rotating speed and the feed amount. The present application can make corresponding control strategies according to the type of soil to match the type of soil, improve the service life of the drill bit, and reduce the production economic cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine machinery and equipment, specifically relating to a drill bit structure and coal mine drilling machinery. Background Technology

[0002] my country possesses abundant natural energy resources, with coal reserves being the most staggering. Only through the rational and planned development and utilization of these coal resources can my country's rapid economic development be maximized. Currently, coal mining methods differ depending on the depth of the coal seam. Based on seam depth, coal mines are generally classified into open-pit mines and underground mines. In open-pit mines, the coal seam is close to the surface, requiring only the removal of surface soil for extraction. In underground mines, the coal seam is farther from the surface, necessitating the excavation of tunnels underground. Most of my country's coal mines are underground mines; therefore, drilling machinery is essential for their excavation.

[0003] Coal mine drilling machinery is widely used in geological exploration, coalfield drilling, and exploration and development. Most existing coal mine drilling machinery adopts a fully automatic hydraulic vehicle-mounted system. However, its drive structure is as follows: the drill rod is driven by a motor, and the drill rod drives the drill bit to move, thereby achieving drilling into the soil. This remote transmission and fixed speed feeding method often results in drill bit breakage or motor overload due to changes in geological conditions, leading to low drilling efficiency and high production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a drill bit structure and coal mine drilling machinery. In use, the detection component can detect the magnitude of the reaction force, i.e., the resistance, of the soil on the second cutter seat, and transmit the magnitude of the resistance to the controller in real time. The controller uses this to determine whether the soil is soft or hard, and makes corresponding control strategies to match the soil type. This solves the problem of drill bit breakage or motor overload caused by soil conditions and unreasonable feed parameters. In use, it can greatly improve drilling efficiency, extend the service life of the drill bit, and reduce the economic cost of drilling.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0006] A drill bit structure, comprising:

[0007] The drive unit is electrically connected to the controller of the peripheral device, and a mounting block is fitted on the output shaft of the drive unit;

[0008] The first fixing block and the second fixing block are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting block away from the driving device.

[0009] The first cutter holder and the second cutter holder are respectively connected to the first fixing block and the second fixing block, and the height from the tip of the first cutter holder to the end face of the first fixing block is less than the height from the tip of the second cutter holder to the end face of the second fixing block, and the tip of the second cutter holder is located below the center line of the output shaft of the drive device.

[0010] A detection component, installed on the second cutter holder, is used to detect the resistance received by the second cutter holder in real time and transmit the resistance value to the controller in real time. The controller compares the received resistance value with preset threshold information. When the resistance value is greater than the preset upper threshold, the controller sends control information to the drive device to reduce its speed and feed rate. When the resistance value is less than the preset lower threshold, the controller sends control information to the drive device to increase its speed and feed rate.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting block includes a cylindrical block structure, and a mounting hole is provided on one end face of the cylindrical block structure. The mounting hole is fitted and fixed to the output shaft of the drive device. A first fixing block and a second fixing block are fixedly connected to the side of the cylindrical block structure opposite to the output shaft of the drive device.

[0012] Preferably, the first cutter holder includes a first piece, the contour curve of the first piece including a first straight line, a second straight line, a third straight line, a fourth straight line and a first curve connected end to end, and the included angle c between the first straight line and the second straight line is between 115 degrees and 138 degrees, the included angle b between the second straight line and the third straight line is between 68 degrees and 80 degrees, the included angle a between the third straight line and the fourth straight line is between 35 degrees and 62 degrees, a first cutting edge is provided along the surface of the fourth straight line, a first guide groove is provided on the side of the first cutting edge, the circumferential side of the first guide groove is arc surface, and the surface of the second straight line is fixedly connected to the first fixing block.

[0013] Preferably, the second cutter holder includes a second piece, the contour curve of the second piece including a fifth straight line, a sixth straight line, a second curve, a seventh straight line, a third curve and an eighth straight line connected end to end, and the included angle e between the fifth straight line and the eighth straight line is between 95 degrees and 102 degrees, the included angle d between the fifth straight line and the sixth straight line is between 115 degrees and 138 degrees, the included angle f between the tangent line made along the first endpoint of the third curve and the eighth straight line is between 35 degrees and 50 degrees, the included angle between the tangent line made along the second endpoint of the third curve and the seventh straight line is between 8 degrees and 12 degrees, a second cutting edge is provided along the surface of the third curve, and a second guide groove is provided on the side of the second cutting edge, the circumferential side of the second guide groove is all arc surface, and the surface of the fifth straight line is fixedly connected to the second fixing block.

[0014] Preferably, the second guide groove is further provided with a plurality of grooves for setting the blade. The plurality of grooves are spaced apart and their shapes match the blades. The blades and the grooves are detachably connected by connectors.

[0015] Preferably, the blade is coated with a wear-resistant coating.

[0016] Preferably, the wear-resistant coating is a nano-ceramic coating.

[0017] A coal mine drilling machine, including the aforementioned drill bit structure.

[0018] Preferably, the second cutter seat has a cavity structure, and a plurality of drainage holes are formed on the outer contour of the second cutter seat. The drainage holes communicate with the cavity structure. The cavity structure is connected to one end of the feed pipe, and the other end of the feed pipe extends to the outside. A negative pressure component for providing power for material extraction is connected to the feed pipe. The negative pressure component is located on the side away from the second cutter seat. The driving device is fixed in the cylindrical seat. The end of the cylindrical seat near the second cutter seat matches the outer contour surface of the second cutter seat and the first cutter seat. A semi-circular first annular groove is formed on the side of the cylindrical seat adjacent to the second cutter seat and the first cutter seat. A plurality of ball bearings are fitted in the first annular groove. A second annular groove is formed on the cylindrical seat and communicates with the cavity structure.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a water injection component, the output end of which is inserted between the first fixing block and the second fixing block, the input end of which is connected to a high-pressure water pump, and the water delivery pipe of the water injection component is provided with multiple Laval pipes arranged in series.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the drill bit structure and coal mine drilling machinery provided by this invention can detect the magnitude of the reaction force (resistance) of the soil on the second cutter seat using a detection component, and transmit the magnitude of the resistance to the controller in real time. The controller then determines whether the soil is soft or hard and implements a corresponding control strategy to match the soil type, preventing drill bit breakage or motor overload caused by soil conditions or unreasonable feed parameters. This significantly improves drilling efficiency, extends drill bit lifespan, and reduces drilling production costs. It is highly practical and worthy of widespread adoption. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention. Figure 3 . Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention provides a drill bit structure and coal mine drilling machinery, which are described below in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 5 The present invention is illustrated by the structural diagram shown below.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a drill bit structure, which includes a drive device 1. The drive device 1 is preferably an asynchronous motor that can withstand heavy loads. The asynchronous motor is electrically connected to an external controller and is used to receive control commands from the controller.

[0029] An mounting block is provided on the output shaft of the asynchronous motor. The mounting block includes a cylindrical block structure, and a mounting hole is provided on one end face of the cylindrical block structure. The mounting hole is connected to the output shaft of the asynchronous motor in a fixed manner. A first fixing block 2 and a second fixing block 11 are respectively provided on the side of the cylindrical block structure away from the output shaft of the asynchronous motor. The first fixing block 2 and the second fixing block 11 are both fixedly connected to the cylindrical block structure and are symmetrically arranged.

[0030] A first cutter seat 3 and a second cutter seat 7 are provided on the side of the first fixing block 2 and the second fixing block 11 that are away from the asynchronous motor.

[0031] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first cutter holder 3 includes a first piece, the outline of which is composed of a first straight line 301, a second straight line 302, a third straight line 303, a fourth straight line 304 and a first curve connected end to end. The included angle c between the first straight line 301 and the second straight line 302 is between 115 degrees and 138 degrees, the included angle b between the second straight line 302 and the third straight line 303 is between 68 degrees and 80 degrees, and the included angle a between the third straight line 303 and the fourth straight line 304 is between 35 degrees and 62 degrees. A first cutting edge is provided along the surface of the fourth straight line 304. A first guide groove 305 is provided on the side of the first cutting edge. The circumferential side surfaces of the first guide groove 305 are all arc surfaces. The surface of the second straight line 302 is fixedly connected to the first fixing block 2.

[0032] Preferably, the angle c between the first line 301 and the second line 302 is 125 degrees, the angle b between the second line 302 and the third line 303 is 65 degrees, and the angle a between the third line 303 and the fourth line 304 is 50 degrees.

[0033] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second cutter holder 7 includes a second piece. The contour curve of the second piece is formed by the fifth straight line 701, the sixth straight line 706, the second curve 705, the seventh straight line 707, the third curve 703, and the eighth straight line 702 connected end to end. The included angle e between the fifth straight line 701 and the eighth straight line 702 is between 95 degrees and 102 degrees, the included angle d between the fifth straight line 701 and the sixth straight line 706 is between 115 degrees and 138 degrees, the included angle f between the tangent line made along the first endpoint of the third curve 703 and the eighth straight line 702 is between 35 degrees and 50 degrees, and the included angle between the tangent line made along the second endpoint of the third curve 703 and the seventh straight line 707 is between 8 degrees and 12 degrees. A second cutting edge is provided along the surface where the third curve 703 is located. A second guide groove 704 is provided on the side of the second cutting edge. The circumferential side surfaces of the second guide groove 704 are all arc surfaces. The surface where the fifth straight line 701 is located is fixedly connected to the second fixing block 11.

[0034] Preferably, the angle e between the fifth line 701 and the eighth line 702 is 98 degrees, the angle d between the fifth line 701 and the sixth line 706 is 125 degrees, the angle f between the tangent line drawn along the first endpoint of the third curve 703 and the eighth line 702 is 47.5 degrees, and the angle between the tangent line drawn along the second endpoint of the third curve 703 and the seventh line 707 is 10 degrees.

[0035] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first cutter seat 3 and the first fixing block 2 are fixedly connected, the second cutter seat 7 and the second fixing block 11 are fixedly connected, and the height of the tip of the first cutter seat 3 to the end face of the first fixing block 2 is less than the height of the tip of the second cutter seat 7 to the end face of the second fixing block 11, and the tip of the second cutter seat 7 is located below the center line of the output shaft of the asynchronous motor, that is, the main structure formed is a structure in which the tip of the second cutter seat 7 passes through the center.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of grooves 708 for setting the blade 4 are also provided on the second guide groove 704. The plurality of grooves 708 are spaced apart and their shapes match the blade 4. The blade 4 and the grooves 708 are detachably connected by the connector 5.

[0037] The detection component, embedded in the second cutter holder 7, is used to detect the resistance experienced by the second cutter holder 7 in real time and transmit the resistance value to the controller in real time, so that the controller can make further judgments.

[0038] In use, starting the asynchronous motor will drive the mounting block, the first cutter seat 3 and the second cutter seat 7 on the mounting block to rotate synchronously, thereby cutting the soil. The cut soil flows out along the second guide channel 704 and the first guide channel 305. Because the length of the second cutter seat 7 is greater than that of the first cutter seat 3 and it passes through the center, it contacts the soil first. During cutting, the soil exerts a reaction force on the second cutter seat 7. The detection component detects the magnitude of the resistance of the soil to the second cutter seat 7 and transmits the resistance value to the controller in real time. The controller compares the received resistance value with the preset threshold information. When the resistance value is greater than the preset upper threshold, the controller determines that the soil is hard soil and sends control information to the drive device 1 to reduce its speed and feed rate. When the resistance value is less than the preset lower threshold, the controller determines that the soil is soft soil and sends control information to the drive device 1 to increase its speed and feed rate. This is to prevent drill bit breakage or motor overload caused by soil conditions and unreasonable feed parameters, thereby improving drilling efficiency and reducing the economic cost of drilling.

[0039] Preferably, the blade 4 is coated with a wear-resistant coating to improve the service life of the blade 4.

[0040] Preferably, the wear-resistant coating is a nano-ceramic coating, which has the advantages of wear resistance, long wear life.

[0041] A coal mine drilling machine, including the aforementioned drill bit structure.

[0042] Preferred, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second cutter seat 7 of the coal mine drilling machine has a cavity structure 8. Multiple drainage holes are formed on the outer contour of the second cutter seat 7, communicating with the cavity structure 8. The cavity structure 8 is connected to one end of a conveying pipe, and the other end of the conveying pipe extends to a convenient material storage location. A negative pressure assembly for providing power for material extraction is connected to the conveying pipe, and the negative pressure assembly is located on the side opposite to the second cutter seat 7. The drive device 1 is fixed inside a cylindrical seat 9. One end of the cylindrical seat 9 near the second cutter seat 7 matches the outer contour surfaces of the second cutter seat 7 and the first cutter seat 3. A semi-circular first annular groove is formed on the side of the cylindrical seat 9 adjacent to the second cutter seat 7 and the first cutter seat 3, and multiple ball bearings 6 are fitted inside the first annular groove. A second annular groove is formed on the cylindrical seat 9, communicating with the cavity structure 8. The cylindrical seat 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the drill rod.

[0043] Preferably, it also includes a water injection component, the output end of which is inserted between the first fixing block 2 and the second fixing block 11, and the input end of the water injection component is connected to a high-pressure water pump.

[0044] Preferably, the water supply pipe of the water injection assembly is provided with multiple Laval pipes connected in series to increase the pressure of the output water.

[0045] During use, the water injection component can be activated, injecting high-pressure water, pressurized multiple times, into the drilling location via its input end for the first cut. This simultaneously lowers the soil hardness, facilitating secondary cutting. For the secondary cut, the second cutter holder 7 is used to test the soil. Since the soil exerts a reaction force on the second cutter holder 7 during cutting, a detection component measures this reaction force (resistance) and transmits it in real-time to the controller. The controller then determines whether the soil is soft or hard and implements a corresponding control strategy to match the soil type. This prevents drill bit breakage or motor overload caused by soil conditions or improper feed parameters. This significantly improves drilling efficiency, extends drill bit lifespan, and reduces drilling costs, making it highly practical and worthy of widespread adoption.

[0046] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit structure, characterized in that, include: The drive device (1) is electrically connected to the controller of the peripheral device, and a mounting block is fitted on the output shaft of the drive device (1); The first fixing block (2) and the second fixing block (11) are symmetrically arranged on the side of the mounting block away from the driving device (1); The first cutter holder (3) and the second cutter holder (7) are respectively connected to the first fixing block (2) and the second fixing block (11), and the height of the tip of the first cutter holder (3) to the end face of the first fixing block (2) is less than the height of the tip of the second cutter holder (7) to the end face of the second fixing block (11), and the tip of the second cutter holder (7) is located below the center line of the output shaft of the drive device (1); The detection component is set on the second cutter holder (7) to detect the resistance of the second cutter holder (7) in real time and transmit the resistance value to the controller in real time. The controller compares the received resistance value with the preset threshold information. When the resistance value is greater than the preset upper threshold, the controller sends control information to the drive device (1) to reduce its speed and feed. When the resistance value is less than the preset lower threshold, the controller sends control information to the drive device (1) to increase its speed and feed. The mounting block includes a cylindrical block structure, and a mounting hole is provided on one end face of the cylindrical block structure. The mounting hole is fitted and fixed to the output shaft of the drive device (1). A first fixing block (2) and a second fixing block (11) are fixedly connected on the side of the cylindrical block structure away from the output shaft of the drive device (1). The first cutter seat (3) includes a first piece, the outline curve of the first piece includes a first straight line (301), a second straight line (302), a third straight line (303), a fourth straight line (304) and a first curve connected end to end, and the included angle c between the first straight line (301) and the second straight line (302) is between 115 degrees and 138 degrees, the included angle b between the second straight line (302) and the third straight line (303) is between 68 degrees and 80 degrees, the included angle a between the third straight line (303) and the fourth straight line (304) is between 35 degrees and 62 degrees, a first cutting edge is provided along the surface where the fourth straight line (304) is located, and a first guide groove (305) is provided on the side of the first cutting edge, the circumferential side of the first guide groove (305) is arc surface, and the surface where the second straight line (302) is located is fixedly connected to the first fixing block (2); The second cutter holder (7) includes a second piece, the contour curve of which includes a fifth straight line (701), a sixth straight line (706), a second curve (705), a seventh straight line (707), a third curve (703), and an eighth straight line (702) connected end to end. The angle e between the fifth straight line (701) and the eighth straight line (702) is between 95 degrees and 102 degrees, and the angle d between the fifth straight line (701) and the sixth straight line (706) is between 115 degrees and 138 degrees. The second cutter holder (705) includes a second piece, the contour curve of which includes a fifth straight line (701), a sixth straight line (706), a second curve (705), a seventh straight line (707), a third curve (703), and an eighth straight line (702) connected end to end. The angle f between the tangent made at the first endpoint of the third curve (703) and the eighth straight line (702) is between 35 degrees and 50 degrees. The angle between the tangent made at the second endpoint of the third curve (703) and the seventh straight line (707) is between 8 degrees and 12 degrees. A second blade is provided along the surface of the third curve (703). A second guide groove (704) is provided on the side of the second blade. The circumferential side of the second guide groove (704) is arc-shaped. The surface of the fifth straight line (701) is fixedly connected to the second fixed block (11).

2. The drill bit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second guide groove (704) is also provided with a plurality of grooves (708) for setting the blade (4). The plurality of grooves (708) are spaced apart and their shapes match the blade (4). The blade (4) and the grooves (708) are detachably connected by a connector (5).

3. The drill bit structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blade (4) is coated with a wear-resistant coating.

4. A drill bit structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wear-resistant coating is a nano-ceramic coating.

5. A coal mine drilling machine, characterized in that, Includes a drill bit structure as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. A coal mine drilling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second cutter seat (7) has a cavity structure (8) and a plurality of drainage holes on the outer contour of the second cutter seat (7). The drainage holes are connected to the cavity structure (8). The cavity structure (8) is connected to one end of the conveying pipe. The other end of the conveying pipe extends to the outside. A negative pressure component for providing the power to pump material is connected to the conveying pipe. The negative pressure component is located on the side away from the second cutter seat (7). The driving device (1) is fixed in the cylindrical seat (9). The end of the cylindrical seat (9) close to the second cutter seat (7) matches the outer contour surface of the second cutter seat (7) and the first cutter seat (3). A semi-circular first annular groove is opened on the side of the cylindrical seat (9) adjacent to the second cutter seat (7) and the first cutter seat (3). A plurality of balls (6) are installed in the first annular groove. A second annular groove is opened on the cylindrical seat (9). The second annular groove is connected to the cavity structure (8).

7. A coal mine drilling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a water injection component, the output end of which is inserted between the first fixing block (2) and the second fixing block (11), the input end of which is connected to a high-pressure water pump, and the water supply pipe of the water injection component is provided with multiple Laval pipes arranged in series.

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