A test device and test method for testing the loading performance of a lap joint specimen

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of test device and test method for testing the loading performance of overlap specimen, device includes: the first fixed component and the second fixed component are used in combination;Wherein, the first fixed component and the second fixed component are identical in structure, all include adapter, base and loading piece, one end of adapter is connected with testing machine, the other end is connected with the base, testing machine is used to load the test device;Base is also simultaneously connected with the loading piece, for supporting loading piece;The loading piece of first fixed component and the loading piece of second fixed component are used in combination, and overlap specimen is loaded;Two loading pieces are adjusted in the position in base according to the wall thickness of overlap specimen.This device can be adapted to a variety of thickness overlap test piece, increase applicability, reduce test cost;At the same time, it is guaranteed that the expected loading axis of overlap test is always coincident with testing machine loading axis, does not introduce non-expected or additional torsional load, so as to improve test precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material performance testing technology, and in particular to a test apparatus and test method for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, crash simulation analysis of aircraft structures is required to assess the airworthiness of aircraft during flight. To establish a suitable crash simulation analysis model that includes connection failures, the materials used need to be tested to obtain material performance parameters and failure performance parameters at the joints. Existing testing devices for measuring the mechanical properties of lap joint specimens are connected to experimental equipment to measure their mechanical properties. However, these devices are relatively complex in structure and expensive to manufacture. Furthermore, the measurement of parameters for lap joint specimens is only applicable to specimens of a certain thickness. If the specimen thickness varies or varies significantly, unexpected torsional loads can easily be introduced during loading, leading to inaccurate test results and limiting the accuracy of the test. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a test device and test method for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objectives of the present invention will be achieved through the technical solutions described below.

[0005] A testing apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens, the apparatus comprising: a first fixing component and a second fixing component used in combination; wherein,

[0006] The first and second fixing components have the same structure, both including an adapter, a base, and a loading component.

[0007] One end of the adapter is connected to the testing machine, and the other end is connected to the base. The testing machine is used to apply a load to the testing device.

[0008] The base is also connected to the loading component to support the loading component;

[0009] The loading components of the first fixing component and the second fixing component are used together to load the overlapping sample;

[0010] The two loading members are positioned in the base according to the wall thickness of the overlapping specimen.

[0011] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which the adapter is a connector that is connected to the testing machine and locked in place by a locking element.

[0012] In addition to the aspects described above and any possible implementations, a further implementation is provided in which the base is provided with a connection hole that connects to the other end of the adapter.

[0013] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which the base is a T-slot base, the bottom of the T-slot base is provided with a groove, the groove accommodates the loading member, and two elongated holes are also provided on the base for adjusting the position of the loading member in the base.

[0014] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which a length scale is provided on the outer surface of the T-slot base for recording the position of the loading member in the base.

[0015] In addition to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, a further implementation is provided in which the loading member is a cuboid with two strip-shaped grooves arranged along its length near the bottom for engaging with the T-shaped groove base; and a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the bottom surface of the two strip-shaped grooves for engaging with the two elongated holes to adjust the position of the loading member in the base.

[0016] In addition to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, a further implementation is provided in which at least two through holes are provided on the upper part of the loading member, and the normal direction of the line connecting the through holes is at a different angle to the central axis of the adapter.

[0017] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, an implementation is further provided in which the different angles include 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, or 90 degrees.

[0018] As described above and in any possible implementation, a further implementation is provided in which the lapped specimen comprises two L-shaped lapped sub-pieces connected to form a... The two Π-shaped overlapping sub-components form an "H"-shaped overlapping component, and the overlapping component is provided with at least four through holes. The through holes are connected to the through holes on the loading component by a connector.

[0019] The present invention also provides a test method for a test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens. The method is implemented using a test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Connect the two adapters to the testing machine and lock them in place using locking devices;

[0021] S2. Insert the bottom of the adapter into the connection hole of the base so that the adapter is connected to the base;

[0022] S3. Insert the loading component into the base, adjust its position in the base according to the wall thickness of the lapped sample, and fix it.

[0023] S4. Connect and fix the overlapping sample to the loading component so that the expected loading axis of the overlapping sample is aligned with the 0 degree mark of the length scale on the outer surface of the base.

[0024] S5. Start the testing machine to apply load to the testing device and test the loading performance of the lapped specimen.

[0025] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention

[0026] The present invention provides a testing apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens. The apparatus includes a first fixing component and a second fixing component used in combination. The first and second fixing components have identical structures, each including an adapter, a base, and a loading component. One end of the adapter is connected to a testing machine, and the other end is connected to the base. The testing machine applies a load to the testing apparatus. The base is also connected to the loading component for supporting it. The loading components of the first and second fixing components are used together to load the lap joint specimen. The two loading components are adjusted in position within the base according to the wall thickness of the lap joint specimen. This apparatus can accommodate lap joint specimens of various thicknesses, increasing applicability and reducing testing costs. Simultaneously, it ensures that the expected loading axis of the lap joint test always coincides with the loading axis of the testing machine, preventing the introduction of unexpected or additional torsional loads, thereby improving testing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overlapping sample structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second overlapping sample structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the loading block structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second loading block structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the loading block structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the loading block structure four in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is an assembly diagram of the loading block structure one used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is an assembly diagram of the second loading block structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is an assembly diagram of the loading block structure three in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 This is an assembly diagram of the loading block structure four used in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens. The apparatus includes: a first fixing component and a second fixing component used in combination; wherein,

[0042] The first and second fixing components have the same structure, both including an adapter, a base 3, and a loading component.

[0043] One end of the adapter is connected to the testing machine, and the other end is connected to the base 3. The testing machine is used to apply a load to the testing device.

[0044] The base 3 is also connected to the loading component to support the loading component;

[0045] The loading components of the first fixing component and the second fixing component are used together to load the overlapping sample 5;

[0046] The two loading members are adjusted in position in the base according to the wall thickness of the overlapping sample 5.

[0047] Preferably, the adapter is an adapter 1, which is connected to the testing machine using a connector and locked with a locking device. The locking device is a locking ring 2, and the connector is a pin. The testing machine and the adapter 1 are locked together using the matching locking ring 2. The testing device is connected to the testing machine and its position is secured by the locking ring 2, ensuring that the central axis of the adapter 1 coincides with the axis of the testing machine, thus preventing the testing device from shaking or rotating relative to each other during testing.

[0048] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the base 3 is a T-slot base. The bottom of the T-slot has a threaded connection hole for screwing the bottom of the other end of the adapter into the T-slot base. The bottom of the T-slot also has a groove for accommodating the loading component. Two elongated holes are also provided at the bottom of the T-slot for adjusting the position of the loading component within the base. After the position of the loading component is determined, bolts 6 are used to fix the loading component in the base to prevent relative movement and ensure the accuracy of the loading position and direction during the experimental loading process. A length scale is also provided on the outer side of the T-slot base to record the position of the loading component within the base. The 0mm mark on the length scale corresponds to the center axis of the connection hole of the T-slot base, which coincides with the axis of the testing machine. When installing the overlapping specimen 5, its expected loading axis is aligned with the 0mm mark to ensure the centered installation position of the overlapping specimen 5.

[0049] Preferably, the loading element is implemented using loading block 4, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the loading block 4 is rectangular in shape, with two strip-shaped grooves along its length near the bottom. These grooves mate with the T-slot base, specifically with the short horizontal groove of the T-slot base, facilitating insertion of the loading block into the base during installation. The bottom of the loading block 4 and the vertical portion between the two strip-shaped grooves combine to form an inverted T-shaped boss, which matches the shape of the T-slot base, facilitating insertion of the loading block 4 into the base 3 and easy removal during disassembly. Simultaneously, several connecting holes are provided on the bottom surface of the two strip-shaped grooves, corresponding to the positions of two strip-shaped holes in the base 3 and mate with the two elongated holes. These are connected and fixed using several bolts 6, used to adjust the position of the loading block 4 within the base 3. The position of the loading block 4 in the base 3 is adjusted based on the wall thickness of the lapped specimen 5. Since there are various types of lapped specimens 5 used for testing, their wall thicknesses differ. To ensure that these lapped specimens 5 with different wall thicknesses do not generate additional torsional loads after loading, this invention adjusts the position of the loading block 4 in the base 3. Specifically, the fixed position of the loading block 4 in the base 3 differs for lapped specimens 5 with different wall thicknesses. The position of the loading block 4 is adjusted so that the expected loading axis of the lapped specimen 5, after installation, corresponds to the 0mm scale line on the outer side of the T-slot base. This ensures the lapped specimen is centered, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy of the loading direction of the lapped specimen 5. The expected loading axis passes through the center of the lapped specimen 5 and forms different angles with the axis of the lapped specimen 5, including 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, or 90 degrees. The 0mm scale line is the same as the loading axis of the adapter 1, and thus the same as the loading axis of the testing machine. At least two through holes are provided on the upper part of the loading block 4, corresponding to the corresponding through holes on the lap specimen 5, for fixing the lap specimen 5. The normal direction of the line connecting the centers of the two through holes forms different angles with the central axis of the adapter 1. These different angles include 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, or 90 degrees. When testing the lap specimen 5, loading blocks 4 at different angles are used to connect and rotate the lap specimen 5 at different angles, ensuring that the expected loading axis of the lap specimen 5 at different angles is the same as the loading axis of the adapter 1, and thus the same as the loading axis of the testing machine. Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown. For example, in loading blocks 4 at 30 degrees and 60 degrees, to avoid installation interference between loading block 4 and overlapping specimen 5, a portion of the top of the cuboid above the two through holes of loading block 4 is removed, i.e., a triangular block is removed, forming a slope on the cuboid. This slope forms an angle of 30 degrees and 60 degrees with the horizontal top of the cuboid, respectively. In this way, during loading, the slope of loading block 4 is parallel to the plane of overlapping specimen 5 and does not interfere with overlapping specimen 5, as shown. Figure 10 and 11As shown.

[0050] Preferably, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lap joint specimen 5 includes two types: KSII and Coach-Peel. The structure of the lap joint specimen 5 includes two L-shaped lap joint components connected to form a... The L-shaped or two Π-shaped overlapping sub-components form an "H"-shaped overlapping component. The material of the L-shaped or Π-shaped overlapping sub-components is not limited and can be metal or non-metal. The overlapping sample 5 is provided with at least four through holes. The loading block 4 is snapped into the mounting sample 5. The through holes and the two through holes on the loading block 4 provided in the overlapping sample 5 are connected by connectors. Specifically, bolts are used to pass through these through holes for connection and fixation.

[0051] The testing apparatus of the present invention can be used to determine the failure performance parameters of various materials such as metals and composite materials under one or more loads or combined loads such as tension, shear, bending, and torsion on lap joint test specimens.

[0052] The present invention also provides a test method for a test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens. The method is implemented using the test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens of the present invention, and includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Connect the two adapter pieces 1 to the testing machine and lock them in place using locking devices;

[0054] S2. Insert the bottom of the adapter 1 into the connection hole of the base 3, so that the adapter 1 is connected to the base 3;

[0055] S3. Insert the loading member into the base 3, adjust the position of the loading member in the base 3 according to the wall thickness of the overlapping sample 5, and fix it.

[0056] S4. Connect and fix the overlapping sample 5 to the loading member so that the expected loading axis of the overlapping sample 5 is aligned with the 0 degree mark of the length scale on the base 3.

[0057] S5. Start the testing machine to apply a load to the testing device and test the loading performance of the lapped specimen 5.

[0058] The specific experimental procedure is as follows:

[0059] 1) Connect the T-slot base 3 and the adapter 1 through the threaded connection hole, and screw the adapter into the base through the connection hole;

[0060] 2) Connect the two adapters 1 to the upper and lower clamps of the testing machine respectively;

[0061] 3) Select two identical loading blocks 4 in a certain direction and insert them into the two T-slot bases 3 respectively. Do not use bolts 6 to tighten the position of the loading blocks 4 at this time.

[0062] 4) Adjust the position of the upper and lower chucks of the testing machine so that the two loading blocks 4 are as horizontal as possible. The position of the chucks of the testing machine can be moved up and down, but the chucks can be rotated, so the two loading blocks are not necessarily on the same axis and need to be adjusted. Since the chucks can be rotated, the angle of the T-slot base 3 in the horizontal direction is adjusted to ensure that the two loading blocks 4 are on the same plane. Then, the locking ring 2 is used to lock them.

[0063] 5) Adjust the position of the upper and lower clamps of the testing machine to insert the lapped specimen 5;

[0064] 6) Adjust the position of the loading block 4 so that the expected loading axis of the overlapping specimen 5 coincides with the loading axis of the testing machine, and tighten the bolts 6 of the upper and lower loading blocks respectively to secure the position of the upper and lower loading blocks 4.

[0065] 7) At this point, the position of the test device has been adjusted, and batch tests can be carried out on the lap specimen 5 of this thickness to test its composite loading performance.

[0066] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens, characterized in that, The device includes: a first fixing component and a second fixing component used in combination; wherein... The first and second fixing components have the same structure, both including an adapter, a base, and a loading component. One end of the adapter is connected to the testing machine, and the other end is connected to the base. The testing machine is used to apply a load to the testing device. The base is also connected to the loading component to support the loading component; The loading components of the first fixing component and the second fixing component are used together to load the overlapping sample; The two loading components are adjusted in position within the base according to the wall thickness of the overlapping sample. The base is a T-slot base with a groove at its bottom to accommodate the loading components. Two elongated holes are also provided on the base for adjusting the position of the loading components within it. A connecting hole is provided at the bottom of the T-slot for screwing the bottom of the other end of the adapter into the T-slot base. A length scale is also provided on the outer surface of the T-slot base to record the position of the loading components within the base. The 0mm position of the length scale corresponds to the central axis position of the connecting hole in the T-slot base, ensuring that the expected loading axis of the overlapping sample is aligned with the 0 mark on the length scale. The loading member is a cuboid with two strip grooves along its length near the bottom for engaging with the T-shaped groove base. Several connecting holes are provided on the bottom surface of the two strip grooves for adjusting the position of the loading member in the base by engaging with the two long holes. The adjustment of the loading member's position in the base is based on the wall thickness of the overlapping sample. The upper part of the loading member is provided with at least two through holes, and the normal direction of the line connecting the through holes is at a different angle to the central axis of the adapter.

2. The test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adapter is a connector that is connected to the testing machine and locked in place by a locking device.

3. The test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The different angles include 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, or 90 degrees.

4. The test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lap joint sample comprises two L-shaped lap joint components connected to form a " The overlapping parts are formed into an "H" shape by two Π-shaped overlapping parts, and the overlapping parts are provided with at least four through holes. The through holes are connected to the through holes on the loading parts by connectors.

5. A test method for a test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens, the method being implemented using the test apparatus for testing the loading performance of lap joint specimens as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Connect the two adapters to the testing machine and lock them in place using locking devices; S2. Insert the bottom of the adapter into the connection hole of the base so that the adapter is connected to the base; S3. Insert the loading component into the base, adjust its position in the base according to the wall thickness of the lapped sample, and fix it. S4. Connect and fix the overlapping sample to the loading member so that the expected loading axis of the overlapping sample is aligned with the O mark of the length scale on the outer surface of the base. S5. Start the testing machine to apply load to the testing device and test the loading performance of the lapped specimen.

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