Working method of high-low speed conversion dragging permanent magnet generator constant voltage output device

Abstract

The application discloses a working method of a constant voltage output device of a high-low speed conversion drag permanent magnet generator, and comprises a multi-winding permanent magnet motor body and a rectification switching module, wherein five sets of windings are contained in a stator of the permanent magnet synchronous generator and are embedded in the same stator core slot in parallel, an L1 winding is separately loaded at the bottom of the slot close to the stator yoke and has good heat dissipation conditions, an L2 winding and an L4 winding are a set of working windings, an L3 winding and an L5 winding are a set of working windings, the five sets of windings are separated by interlayer insulation in the slot, and the switching of the two sets of working windings is realized by the rectification switching module; the permanent magnet synchronous generator is dragged by a drag motor and rotates at two speeds, i.e. low speed and high speed, and the high speed is generally twice the low speed; the high speed and the low speed of the drag motor can reach a two-fold relationship; and the working mode of the two sets of working windings is realized by the rectification module switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a permanent magnet generator, and more particularly to a constant voltage output device based on a high-low speed conversion permanent magnet generator and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-winding permanent magnet generators are used in applications requiring constant output voltage under both high and low speed variations, with complex loads and diverse voltage systems. These permanent magnet synchronous generators typically consist of one or two sets of three-phase windings, achieving constant voltage output through a frequency converter. However, they suffer from complex overall structures and large motor sizes. Developing a constant voltage device based on a permanent magnet generator with a simple motor structure that can adapt to DC constant voltage output at twice the speed of the motor at low speeds has become a problem that needs to be solved on-site. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a working method for a constant voltage output device that drives a permanent magnet generator by switching between high and low speeds, solving the technical problem of how to develop a constant voltage output device with a simple structure and convenient control.

[0004] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: The overall concept of this invention is as follows: This invention comprises two parts: a multi-winding permanent magnet motor body and a rectifier switching module. The stator of the permanent magnet synchronous generator contains five sets of windings, which are connected in parallel and embedded in the same stator core slot. The L1 winding, which carries the load alone, is located at the bottom of the slot near the stator yoke, providing good heat dissipation. The L2 and L4 windings form one set of working windings, and the L3 and L5 windings form another set of working windings. The five sets of windings are separated by interlayer insulation within the slot. The switching between the two sets of working windings is achieved by the rectifier switching module. The permanent magnet synchronous generator is driven by a drive motor, rotating at both low and high speeds, with the high speed generally being twice the low speed. A constant voltage output device based on a high-low speed conversion driven permanent magnet generator includes a permanent magnet synchronous generator. A motor drive device is connected to the drive input shaft end of the permanent magnet synchronous generator. A non-drive end heat dissipation ring is connected to the non-drive end of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, and a rectifier switching device mounting plate is connected to the non-drive end heat dissipation ring. Three-phase L1 windings, three-phase L2 windings, three-phase L3 windings, three-phase L4 windings, three-phase L5 windings, and slot wedges are embedded in the winding slots of the stator core of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, layered from the bottom to the top of the slots. The rectifier switching device mounting plate is respectively equipped with a first rectifier module, a second rectifier module, a third rectifier module, a fourth rectifier module, a fifth rectifier module, an electronic controller, a first field-effect switch, and a second field-effect switch. The three-phase L1 windings are connected in a star configuration. The L1 winding is connected to the input terminal of the first rectifier module; the star-connected three-phase L2 winding is connected to the input terminal of the second rectifier module; the star-connected three-phase L3 winding is connected to the input terminal of the third rectifier module; the output terminal of the third rectifier module is connected in series with the first field-effect transistor and then in parallel to the output terminal of the second rectifier module; the star-connected three-phase L4 winding is connected to the input terminal of the fourth rectifier module; the star-connected three-phase L5 winding is connected to the input terminal of the fifth rectifier module; the output terminal of the fifth rectifier module is connected in series with the second field-effect transistor and then in parallel to the output terminal of the fourth rectifier module; the control terminals of the first and second field-effect transistors are respectively connected to the output terminal of the electronic controller; a control input terminal is provided on the electronic controller.

[0005] The power input terminal of the electronic controller is connected in parallel with one phase of the star-connected three-phase L1 winding; the star-connected three-phase L1 winding is connected to the input terminal of the first rectifier module, and a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the first rectifier module.

[0006] A first interlayer insulation layer is provided between the three-phase L1 winding and the three-phase L2 winding; a second interlayer insulation layer is provided between the three-phase L2 winding and the three-phase L3 winding; a third interlayer insulation layer is provided between the three-phase L3 winding and the three-phase L4 winding; and a fourth interlayer insulation layer is provided between the three-phase L4 winding and the three-phase L5 winding. A terminal ring is provided on the rectifier switching device mounting plate, and the terminal ring is respectively provided with the winding end terminals of the three-phase L1 winding, the three-phase L2 winding, the three-phase L3 winding, the three-phase L4 winding, and the three-phase L5 winding.

[0007] A method for operating a constant voltage output device for a high-low speed switching driven permanent magnet generator: When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to rotate at a first speed by driving the input shaft, the electronic controller simultaneously controls the first and second field-effect switching transistors to be cut off, so that the output voltage of the third rectifier module and the output voltage of the fifth rectifier module are both zero; at this time, the output terminals of the second rectifier module and the fourth rectifier module are connected in series, and the constant DC voltage output is the voltage obtained by rectifying and then connecting the AC voltage generated by the three-phase L2 winding and the three-phase L4 winding as the working windings. When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to rotate at a second speed by driving the input shaft end, the second speed is twice the first speed. At the same time, the electronic controller controls the first field effect switch and the second field effect switch to be turned on. At this time, the output terminal of the third rectifier module and the output terminal of the fifth rectifier module are connected in series. The constant DC voltage output is the voltage generated by the three-phase L3 winding and the three-phase L5 winding when they are the working windings, which are respectively AC voltages generated, rectified and then connected in series. When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to rotate at the first speed by driving the input shaft end, the three-phase L1 winding outputs the first external working DC voltage at the output terminal through the first rectifier module. When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to rotate at a second speed by driving the input shaft end, the second speed is twice the first speed. The three-phase L1 winding outputs a second external working DC voltage at the output terminal through the first rectifier module.

[0008] The power input terminal of the electronic controller is connected in parallel with one phase of the three-phase L1 winding in a star connection. The power supply of the electronic controller is provided by the three-phase L1 winding.

[0009] The permanent magnet motor stator core of this invention consists of five sets of windings. Unlike multi-rotor and multi-stator series structures, it shares a single stator core and a single permanent magnet rotor. It has a small axial dimension and can output multiple DC voltages. The high and low speeds of the drive motor can reach a ratio of 2:1. The working mode of the two sets of working windings is achieved by switching the rectifier module. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the control circuit for the five sets of windings in the motor stator of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated motor mechanical structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator core with windings according to the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the embedding structure of five sets of windings in the winding embedding slot 1 of the stator core of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lead wire structure of the five sets of stator winding end 13 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring ring 18 on the rectifier switching device mounting plate 17 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the fit between the three-phase L1 winding 6 of the present invention and the stator winding insertion slot when the winding is unfolded. Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the fit between the three-phase L2 winding 7 of the present invention and the stator winding insertion slot when the winding is unfolded. Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the fit between the three-phase L3 winding 8 of the present invention and the stator winding insertion slot when the winding is unfolded. Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the fit between the three-phase L4 winding 9 of the present invention and the stator winding insertion slot when the winding is unfolded. Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the fit between the three-phase L5 winding 10 of the present invention and the stator winding insertion slot when the winding is unfolded. in Figures 7-11 The numbers 1-42 represent the slot numbers of the windings embedded in the stator core of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14. Implementation

[0011] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: A constant voltage output device based on a high-low speed conversion driven permanent magnet generator includes a permanent magnet synchronous generator 14. A motor drive device is connected to the drive input shaft end 15 of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14. A non-drive end heat dissipation ring 16 is connected to the non-drive end of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14, and a rectifier switching device mounting plate 17 is connected to the non-drive end heat dissipation ring 16. In the winding embedding slot 1 of the stator core 12 of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14, three-phase L1 winding 6, three-phase L2 winding 7, three-phase L3 winding 8, three-phase L4 winding 9, three-phase L5 winding 10, and slot wedge 11 are embedded in layers from the bottom to the top of the slot. On the rectifier switching device mounting plate 17, a first rectifier module 19, a second rectifier module 21, a third rectifier module 23, a fourth rectifier module 25, a fifth rectifier module 27, an electronic controller 29, a first field-effect switch 30, and a second field-effect switch 31 are respectively arranged. The three-phase L1 windings are connected in a star configuration. The three-phase L2 winding 7, connected in a star configuration, is connected to the input terminal of the second rectifier module 21. The three-phase L3 winding 8, connected in a star configuration, is connected to the input terminal of the third rectifier module 23. The output terminal 24 of the third rectifier module 23 is connected in series with the first field-effect transistor 30 and then in parallel to the output terminal 22 of the second rectifier module 21. The three-phase L4 winding 9, connected in a star configuration, is connected to the input terminal of the fourth rectifier module 25. The three-phase L5 winding 10, connected in a star configuration, is connected to the input terminal of the fifth rectifier module 27. The output terminal 28 of the fifth rectifier module 27 is connected in series with the second field-effect transistor 31 and then in parallel to the output terminal 26 of the fourth rectifier module 25. The control terminals of the first and second field-effect transistors 30 and 31 are respectively connected to the output terminals of the electronic controller 29. A control input terminal 32 is provided on the electronic controller 29.

[0012] The power input terminal 33 of the electronic controller 29 is connected in parallel with one phase winding of the star-connected three-phase L1 winding 6; the star-connected three-phase L1 winding 6 is connected to the input terminal of the first rectifier module 19, and a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the output terminal 20 of the first rectifier module 19; when the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 rotates at the first speed, the star-connected three-phase L1 winding 6 cuts the magnetic lines of force, and the generated alternating current is rectified by the first rectifier module 19 to output the first external working DC voltage; when the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 rotates at the second speed, the star-connected three-phase L1 winding 6 cuts the magnetic lines of force, and the generated alternating current is rectified by the first rectifier module 19 to output the second external working DC voltage; at the same time, the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 rotates, and the alternating current generated by one set of stator windings is sent to the electronic controller 29, and after frequency conversion rectification, it becomes the power supply of the electronic controller 29.

[0013] A first interlayer insulation layer 5 is provided between the three-phase L1 winding 6 and the three-phase L2 winding 7; a second interlayer insulation layer 4 is provided between the three-phase L2 winding 7 and the three-phase L3 winding 8; a third interlayer insulation layer 3 is provided between the three-phase L3 winding 8 and the three-phase L4 winding 9; and a fourth interlayer insulation layer 2 is provided between the three-phase L4 winding 9 and the three-phase L5 winding 10. A terminal ring 18 is provided on the rectifier switching device mounting plate 17, and terminal blocks 13 for the winding ends of the three-phase L1 winding 6, the three-phase L2 winding 7, the three-phase L3 winding 8, the three-phase L4 winding 9, and the three-phase L5 winding 10 are respectively provided on the terminal ring 18. The stator of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 contains five sets of windings; the unfolded diagram of each winding is shown below. Figures 7 to 11 As shown, each set of windings is circumferentially distributed, and their distribution in the winding insertion slot 1 is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, the three-phase L1 winding 6 carries a load alone and is located at the bottom of the winding slot 1, close to the stator yoke, which provides good heat dissipation. The three-phase L2 winding 7 and the three-phase L4 winding 9 form a set of working windings, and the three-phase L3 winding 8 and the three-phase L5 winding 10 form a set of working windings. The five sets of windings are separated by interlayer insulation in the slot. The switching between the two sets of working windings is achieved by the rectifier switching module.

[0014] A method for operating a constant voltage output device for a high-low speed switching driven permanent magnet generator: When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 to rotate at a first speed by driving the input shaft end 15, the electronic controller 29 simultaneously controls the first field-effect switch 30 and the second field-effect switch 31 to be cut off, so that the output voltage of the third rectifier module 23 and the output voltage of the fifth rectifier module 27 are both zero; at this time, the output terminal 22 of the second rectifier module 21 and the output terminal 26 of the fourth rectifier module 25 are connected in series. The constant DC voltage output is the voltage obtained by rectifying and connecting the AC voltage generated by the three-phase L2 winding 7 and the three-phase L4 winding 9 when they are the working windings, and then connecting them in series; the number of turns of the three-phase L2 winding 7 is the same as the number of turns of the three-phase L4 winding 9, and the output DC voltage of the output terminal 22 of the second rectifier module 21 is equal to the output DC voltage of the output terminal 26 of the fourth rectifier module 25; When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 to rotate at a second speed by driving the input shaft end 15, the second speed is twice the first speed. The electronic controller 29 simultaneously controls the first field effect switch 30 and the second field effect switch 31 to conduct. At this time, the output end 24 of the third rectifier module 23 and the output end 28 of the fifth rectifier module 27 are connected in series. The constant DC voltage output is the voltage generated by the AC voltage generated by the three-phase L3 winding 8 and the three-phase L5 winding 10 as working windings, which is rectified and then connected in series. The number of turns of the three-phase L3 winding 8 is the same as the number of turns of the three-phase L5 winding 10. The DC voltage value output by the output end 28 of the fifth rectifier module 27 is equal to the DC voltage value output by the output end 26 of the fourth rectifier module 25. Furthermore, the number of turns of the three-phase L3 winding 8 is greater than the number of turns of the three-phase L2 winding 7, resulting in the voltage at the output end 24 of the third rectifier module 23 being greater than the DC voltage output by the output end 22 of the second rectifier module 21.

[0015] When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 to rotate at the first speed by driving the input shaft end 15, the three-phase L1 winding 6 outputs the first external working DC voltage at the output end 20 through the first rectifier module 19. When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 to rotate at a second speed by driving the input shaft end 15, the second speed is twice the first speed. The three-phase L1 winding 6 outputs the second external working DC voltage at the output end 20 through the first rectifier module 19.

[0016] The power input terminal 33 of the electronic controller 29 is connected in parallel with one phase winding of the three-phase L1 winding 6 connected in a star configuration. The power supply of the electronic controller 29 is provided by the three-phase L1 winding 6. This invention integrates the permanent magnet synchronous generator 14 with the sorting and control circuit into a single integrated structure, forming a simple and easy-to-control constant voltage output device, realizing the output of two constant DC voltages corresponding to two driving speeds.

Claims

1. A method for operating a constant voltage output device for a high-low speed switching driven permanent magnet generator, comprising a permanent magnet synchronous generator (14), a motor drive device connected to the drive input shaft end (15) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (14), a non-drive end heat dissipation ring (16) connected to the non-drive end of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (14), and a rectifier switching device mounting plate (17) connected to the non-drive end heat dissipation ring (16); the windings of the stator core (12) of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (14) are embedded in the slots (1), from the bottom of the slot to the top of the slot. The device is layered and embedded with three-phase L1 winding (6), three-phase L2 winding (7), three-phase L3 winding (8), three-phase L4 winding (9), three-phase L5 winding (10) and slot wedge (11); on the rectifier switching device mounting plate (17), a first rectifier module (19), a second rectifier module (21), a third rectifier module (23), a fourth rectifier module (25), a fifth rectifier module (27), an electronic controller (29), a first field-effect switch (30) and a second field-effect switch (31) are respectively arranged; the three-phase L1 winding is star-connected. The three-phase L2 winding (6) is connected to the input terminal of the first rectifier module (19), the three-phase L2 winding (7) connected in a star configuration is connected to the input terminal of the second rectifier module (21), the three-phase L3 winding (8) connected in a star configuration is connected to the input terminal of the third rectifier module (23), the output terminal (24) of the third rectifier module (23) is connected in series with the first field-effect switch (30), and then connected in parallel to the output terminal (22) of the second rectifier module (21); the three-phase L4 winding (9) connected in a star configuration is connected to the input terminal of the fourth rectifier module (25). The input terminals are connected together, and the three-phase L5 winding (10) connected in a star configuration is connected to the input terminal of the fifth rectifier module (27). The output terminal (28) of the fifth rectifier module (27) is connected in series with the second field-effect switch (31) and then connected in parallel to the output terminal (26) of the fourth rectifier module (25). The control terminals of the first field-effect switch (30) and the second field-effect switch (31) are respectively connected to the output terminal of the electronic controller (29). A control input terminal (32) is provided on the electronic controller (29). Its features are as follows: The following steps: When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (14) to rotate at the first speed by driving the input shaft end (15), the electronic controller (29) simultaneously controls the first field effect switch (30) and the second field effect switch (31) to be cut off, so that the output voltage of the third rectifier module (23) and the output voltage of the fifth rectifier module (27) are both zero; at this time, the output terminal (22) of the second rectifier module (21) and the output terminal (26) of the fourth rectifier module (25) are connected in series, and the constant DC voltage output is the voltage generated by the three-phase L2 winding (7) and the three-phase L4 winding (9) when they are the working windings, and then rectified and connected in series; When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (14) to rotate at the second speed by driving the input shaft end (15), the second speed is twice the first speed. The controller (29) simultaneously controls the first field effect switch (30) and the second field effect switch (31) to be turned on. At this time, the output terminal (24) of the third rectifier module (23) and the output terminal (28) of the fifth rectifier module (27) are connected in series. The constant DC voltage output is the voltage generated by the three-phase L3 winding (8) and the three-phase L5 winding (10) as working windings, which are AC voltages generated by each winding and then rectified and connected in series.

2. The working method of the constant voltage output device for high-low speed conversion driving permanent magnet generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (14) to rotate at the first speed by driving the input shaft end (15), the three-phase L1 winding (6) outputs the first external working DC voltage at the output end (20) through the first rectifier module (19); When the motor drive device drives the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (14) to rotate at a second speed by driving the input shaft end (15), the second speed is twice the first speed. The three-phase L1 winding (6) outputs the second external working DC voltage at the output end (20) through the first rectifier module (19).

3. The operating method of the constant voltage output device for high-low speed conversion driven permanent magnet generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power input terminal (33) of the electronic controller (29) is connected in parallel with one phase winding of the star-connected three-phase L1 winding (6), and the power supply of the electronic controller (29) is provided by the three-phase L1 winding (6).

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