Low drift, rainfast, high uptake and ulv tankmix adjuvant formulations

Abstract

Low-drift, rainfast, high-uptake, and ULV tank-mix adjuvant formulations. The invention relates to a tank-mix adjuvant formulation that includes providing improved drift, high-uptake, and rainfastness to an agrochemical formulation comprising at least one agrochemical pesticide. The invention also relates to a tank-mix of an agrochemical formulation comprising at least one pesticide in combination with an adjuvant, and the use of the adjuvant formulation and pre-tank-mix for ULV applications and regular spray volume applications.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a tank-mix adjuvant formulation comprising providing improved drift, high absorption, and rain washout resistance to an agricultural chemical formulation containing at least one agricultural chemical pesticide. The invention also relates to tank mixes comprising an agricultural chemical formulation containing at least one pesticide and adjuvant combination, and the use of adjuvant formulations and pre-tank mixes for ULV applications and conventional spray volume applications.

[0002] Effective foliar application of agricultural products to control diseases, pests, and weeds plays a vital role in providing sufficient food for the world's growing population. This is typically achieved by spraying diluted agricultural products into water. However, spraying is not always highly effective, as it can lead to off-target losses due to the drift of fine spray droplets, poor retention due to droplets bouncing and rolling off leaf surfaces, poor wetting and coverage on target plants, poor absorption of active ingredients by the target plants, and washout of active ingredients by rainfall. Therefore, there is a need to improve the effectiveness of spraying agricultural products onto target plants.

[0003] The solution is found to combine materials that can be formulated as adjuvant formulations (also known as adjuvant mixtures, adjuvant combinations, or adjuvant compositions) and added to spray dilutions of agricultural products to reduce off-target drift, increase retention on leaves, enhance wetting, coverage, and absorption, and reduce washout due to rainfall. Furthermore, it is particularly important that the adjuvant mixtures are effective at low spray volumes (typically less than or equal to 25 to 50 l / ha depending on crop canopy density, extending to up to 50 to 80 l / ha for orchards) for applications such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), and low-volume boom sprayers that offer lower CO2 emissions. Additionally, it is important that the adjuvant mixtures do not generate significant amounts of foam, especially at low spray volumes.

[0004] Another aspect of the invention is reducing foaming or foaming, which is a particular problem in highly concentrated formulations containing relatively large amounts of surfactants.

[0005] This invention relates to adjuvant compositions for tank mixing with crop protection products: their use for foliar application; their use at low spray volumes; their use via unmanned aerial vehicle systems (UAS), unmanned vehicles (UGVs), and tractors equipped with boom sprayers or rotary droplet applicators with conventional nozzles and pulse-width modulated nozzles; and their use for controlling agricultural pests, weeds, or diseases, particularly on waxy leaves.

[0006] Modern agriculture faces numerous challenges in producing enough food safely and sustainably. Therefore, crop protection products are needed to improve safety, quality, and yield while minimizing their impact on the environment and agricultural land. Many crop protection products—whether chemical or biological—are typically applied at relatively high spray volumes, such as >50 L / ha in selected cases, and often >150–400 L / ha. The consequence is that a significant amount of energy must be consumed to carry the large volume of spray solution and then apply it to the crops via spraying. This can be done with large tractors, which, due to their weight and the weight of the spray solution, generate CO2 from the mechanical work involved, and also cause harmful soil compaction, affecting plant root growth, health, and yield, and subsequently consuming energy in the process of mitigating these effects.

[0007] In addition, when such aerosol formulations are applied, more or less noticeable drift of the spray solution containing the active substance can be observed, depending on wind conditions, nozzle type and other application parameters (such as nozzle pressure, boom height and tractor speed).

[0008] Pesticide spray drift is a major concern regarding the environmental impacts of agriculture on natural ecosystems and urban areas. Furthermore, this drift is undesirable because it results in a loss of some of the applied agrochemicals relative to the intended application rate in the treated area.

[0009] More importantly, drifting debris can damage nearby crops, and in particular impact the local environment (e.g., surface water, non-target flora and fauna) as well as pedestrians and residents of residential areas.

[0010] There is a need for a solution that significantly reduces active ingredient / formulation drift during spraying, while preferably reducing the volume of spray liquid and lightening the weight of the equipment required to apply the product.

[0011] Various methods are used to prevent spray drift beyond field boundaries. The use of natural or artificial windbreaks is well-known. However, even with such shielding, drift can still result in the deposition of active substances behind these boundaries (e.g., "Deposition of spray drift behind border structures," M. De Schampheleire et al., Crop Protection 28 (2009) 1061-1075). Another frequently used drift mitigation measure is buffering, either outside or within the crop. A disadvantage of outside-crop buffers is that parts of the field cannot be planted with crops, which is an economic cost to farmers. A disadvantage of within-crop buffers is that parts of the crop are not adequately protected, leading to lower yields and potential resistance development. This is clearly something farmers want to avoid.

[0012] Besides physically limiting spray drift, the structure of the spray cloud can also be altered to reduce drifting droplets—those typically less than 100 μm in diameter. This can be done by selecting different nozzle types, changing the pressure that generates the spray cloud, or by modifying the properties of the spray liquid itself. Changing the nozzle and / or nozzle pressure, in particular, is something farmers are reluctant to do because it is time-consuming and makes their crop production more expensive. Furthermore, the equipment required to handle variable application rates on sprayers is not common. For these reasons, a more accepted approach is to optimize the spray cloud by adjusting the properties of the spray liquid, thereby producing less or more limited drift.

[0013] While other factors, such as weather conditions and boom height, can contribute to the likelihood of drift, the size distribution of the spray droplets has been found to be a major factor. Teske et al. (Teske ME, Hewitt AJ, Valcore, DL2004. The Role of Small Droplets in Classifying Drop Size Distributions, ILASS Americas 17th Annual Conference: Arlington VA) have reported that values ​​<156 μm are the most drift-causing droplet distribution. Other researchers have suggested that droplets with a diameter <150 μm are most prone to drift (JH Combellack, NMWesten and RGRichardson, Crop Prot., 1996, 15, 147-152, O. Permin, LN and K. Persson, Crop Prot., 1992, 11, 541-546. Another group (H. Zhu, RWDexter, RDFox, DLReichard, RDBrazee and HEOzkan, J. Agric. Engineering Res., 1997, 67, 35-45.) proposed values ​​<200 μm as driftable fractions. Based on theoretical research and computer simulations, spray droplets with a diameter <100 μm have been identified as the most prone to drift (H. Holterman, Kinetics and evaporation of water drops in air, 2003, IMAG Report 2003-12; PA Hobson, PCH Miller, PJ Walklate, CRTuck and NMWestern, J. Agr. Eng. Res., 1993, 54, 293-305; PCH Miller, The measurement of spray drift, Pesticide Outlook, 2003, 14, 205-209). Therefore, a good estimate of the droplet size that may lead to drift is the fraction below approximately 100 μm (driftable fraction). The smaller the droplet, the longer its residence time in the air, and the greater its tendency to evaporate and / or drift, rather than settle within the field boundaries. One approach to minimizing drift effects is to add appropriate drift control agents to pesticide formulations to increase the size of droplets in the spray cloud, i.e., shifting the droplet spectrum toward larger droplets. When seeking solutions to overcome drift problems, it is essential to consider not reducing the biological performance of the final application. Using formulations that increase spray droplet size (in-can and in-bucket mixes) may reduce efficacy to some extent, primarily due to reduced coverage (e.g., “Biological efficacy of herbicides and fungicides applied with low-drift and twin-fluid nozzles”, P.K. Jensen et al., Crop Protection 20 (2001) 57-64). The retention of larger droplets on the leaf surface will be shortened as they flow, bounce, break up, and redistribute. Fewer larger droplets adhering to the leaf surface reduces overall biological efficacy. Furthermore, for crops where the spray cloud must penetrate the crop canopy, very large droplets may penetrate directly through the canopy, bounce off the leaf surface, break up, and redistribute into the soil. All these effects of applying active substances with large droplets can lead to reduced efficacy.

[0014] It must also be considered that many compounds added to formulations to improve efficacy, storage and other important properties often have an adverse effect on the drift properties of spray broth, tending to reduce droplet size or enhance subsequent evaporation.

[0015] There is a need for a solution that can significantly reduce the volume of sprayed liquid and lighten the weight of the equipment required to apply the product.

[0016] In agriculture, low-volume application technologies, including unmanned aerial vehicle systems (UAS), unmanned vehicles (UGVs), and tractors equipped with boom sprayers or rotary droplet applicators with pulse-width modulated nozzles, offer farmers solutions for applying products at low volumes—typically as low as 10 to 20 l / ha or less. The advantages of these solutions include, for example, requiring significantly less water (which is important in areas with limited water supply), requiring less energy to transport and apply the spray solution, faster filling of spray cans and faster application, reduced volume of spray solution to be transported, reduced CO2 production due to the use of smaller and lighter vehicles, mitigation of soil compaction damage, and enabling the use of cheaper application systems.

[0017] However, Wang et al. [Field evaluation] o [f an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayer: effect of spray volume on deposition and the control of pests and disease in wheat. Pest Management Science 2019 doi / epdf / 10.1002 / ps.5321] It has been demonstrated that as the spray volume decreased from 450 and 225 L / ha to 28.1, 16.8, and 9.0 L / ha, the coverage (area %), the amount of spray deposition per area, and the diameter of the spray deposition, as measured on water-sensitive paper, all decreased (see Table 3 in Wang et al., 2019). Simultaneously, the biocontrol efficacy against wheat aphids and powdery mildew decreased at low spray volumes, with the largest decrease observed at 9.0 L / ha, followed by 16.8 L / ha (see Figures 6, 7, and 8 in Wang et al., 2019).

[0018] Therefore, formulation systems need to be designed to overcome the reduction in coverage and diameter of spray deposits at low spray volumes, even as the number of spray deposits per area decreases: as the spray volume decreases, the number of spray droplets per unit area decreases proportionally for the same spray droplet size. This is especially necessary at volumes below 25 l / ha, more particularly below 17 l / ha, and even more particularly at 10 l / ha and below.

[0019] Furthermore, because the concentration of adjuvants in the spray solution is increased to enhance plant absorption, the localized higher concentration of adjuvants makes the spray solution more likely to be washed away.

[0020] In addition, low-volume formulations and higher concentrations of surfactants in the spray mother liquor often result in smaller droplet sizes, which in turn increases drift.

[0021] Therefore, there is a need for formulations that exhibit low drift and good or acceptable absorption when sprayed not only at "normal" amounts (50-500 l / ha) but also at ultra-low spray amounts according to the invention.

[0022] The solution is provided by an adjuvant formulation according to claim 1, and specifically by a formulation comprising a specific drift reducer combined with a selected absorbent at a specific concentration. This formulation provides minimized drift or at least maintained drift, while providing increased coverage and increased spray deposit diameter at low spray volumes, while maintaining or improving absorption and thus maintaining or improving bioefficiency. Furthermore, the increased coverage and increased spray deposit diameter are comparable to the coverage obtained at normal higher spray volumes.

[0023] Furthermore, the exemplary formulations of the present invention are particularly effective on leaf surfaces that are difficult to wet, where more conventional spray volumes have poor retention and coverage.

[0024] For low-volume applications, a particular advantage of this invention is the lower cost and ease of production of the formulation, due to the lower total amount of all components required compared to the levels typically required for higher spray volumes. Other advantages include improved formulation stability and simplified manufacturing, lower commercialization costs, and less environmental impact.

[0025] Existing formulations containing drift reducers, and similarly for tank mixes, are primarily designed for higher spray volumes and typically contain lower concentrations of absorption enhancers in the spray mother liquor. However, due to the high spray volumes used in the prior art, the total amount of reagents used, and consequently the total amount of reagents in the environment, is higher than in this invention.

[0026] The concentration of the drift reducer is an important factor in this invention because, especially for oil-based drift inhibitors (also used as penetration enhancers), a suitable effect on surfactant penetration is achieved at much lower concentrations. Therefore, drift can be significantly reduced using small amounts of oil with minimal environmental impact. "Small amounts of drift reducer (also called drift inhibitors)" means below 25 g / L. This means that a good drift reduction can be achieved using an amount of 5 to 10 g / ha, rather than the conventional 100-500 g / ha, which must be present to achieve an absorption effect.

[0027] On the other hand, high oil content increases product volume, manufacturing complexity, and reduces product stability. Therefore, it should be avoided as an absorption enhancer or solvent unless absolutely necessary.

[0028] The minimum concentration of drift reducers is typically achieved at 0.5 g / L.

[0029] Regarding absorbents used in low-volume applications, at a spray volume of 500 l / ha as used in the prior art, approximately 250 g / ha of absorbent is required to achieve adequate absorption. Therefore, faced with the task of reducing the spray volume, those skilled in the art would apply the same concentration of absorbent in the formulation. For example, for a spray volume of 10 l / ha, approximately 5 g / ha (approximately 0.05% in the spray stock solution) of absorbent is required. However, with such a low volume and such a low concentration of absorbent, sufficient absorption cannot be achieved (see examples).

[0030] Furthermore, as noted above, according to the present invention, an absorption enhancer must be present so that the active ingredient can be absorbed by the plant, thereby enhancing its bioavailability.

[0031] As shown in the previous application, we have found that as the spray volume decreases, increasing the concentration of the absorbent can compensate for the loss of coverage caused by the reduced spray volume (due to increased absorption). Surprisingly, it was found that for every 50% reduction in spray volume, the concentration of the absorbent should approximately double.

[0032] Therefore, although the absolute concentration of the absorbent increases compared to premixed formulations known in the art, the relative total amount per hectare can be reduced, which is both economically and ecologically advantageous. At the same time, considering other benefits of low-volume application, such as lower formulation costs due to lower cargo costs, lower labor costs due to smaller vehicles, less soil compaction, etc., the coverage and efficacy of the formulation according to the invention are improved, maintained, or at least kept at an acceptable level.

[0033] Furthermore, we have surprisingly found that, compared with formulations known in the art that do not contain drift inhibitors, the formulations according to the invention exhibit low drift and comparable or enhanced absorption of the active ingredient.

[0034] It was also found that, despite the high concentration of the absorbent (absorption enhancer), the drift reduction of the formulation according to the invention was comparable to or better than that of the reference formulation based on the prior art.

[0035] Furthermore, a positive effect on foaming was observed when methyl esters of vegetable oils were used as b).

[0036] As described above, based on leaf surface texture, the formulations of the present invention are particularly suitable for low-volume applications. Bico et al. [Wetting of textured surfaces, Colloids and Surfaces A, 206(2002)41-46] have demonstrated that, compared to smooth surfaces, textured surfaces can enhance wettability for spray diluents of formulations with a contact angle <90°, while textured surfaces can reduce wettability for spray diluents of formulations with a contact angle >90°.

[0037] When spraying according to the method of the invention, the same applies to leaf surfaces, especially textured leaf surfaces.

[0038] Textured leaf surfaces include leaves with micron-sized wax crystals on their surface, such as wheat, barley, rice, rapeseed, soybean (seedlings), and cabbage, as well as leaves with surface texture, such as lotus leaves. Surface texture can be determined by observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and leaf wettability can be determined by measuring the contact angle formed by a drop of water on the leaf surface.

[0039] In summary, the object of the present invention is to provide an adjuvant formulation that can be applied at ultra-low amounts, i.e., <20 l / ha, while still providing good leaf coverage, absorption and bioavailability against fungal pathogens, weeds and pests, and good resistance to rain washout, while reducing the amount of additional additives applied per hectare; and to provide a method for using the formulation at ultra-low amounts (<20 l / ha), and the use of the formulation in ultra-low-amount application as defined above.

[0040] On one hand, the present invention relates to the use of the compositions according to the invention for foliar application.

[0041] Unless otherwise stated, % in this application means weight percentage (%w / w).

[0042] It should be understood that, in various combinations of components, the total percentage of all components in the formulation always adds up to 100.

[0043] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, references to "to volume" for water indicate adding water to a total volume of 1000 ml (11) of the formulation. For clarity, it should be understood that, if unclear, the density of the formulation should be understood as 1 g / cm³. 3 Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, references to the carrier as "to 00" indicate that the amount of carrier (e.g., water) added makes the total amount of the combination 100% w / w.

[0044] In the context of this invention, the water-based agrochemical composition comprises at least 5% water and includes a suspension concentrate, an aqueous suspension, a suspension emulsion, or a capsule suspension, preferably a suspension concentrate and an aqueous suspension.

[0045] Furthermore, it should be understood that the preferred ranges for the dosage or application rate given in this specification, as well as the preferred ranges for each component, can be freely combined and all combinations are disclosed herein. However, in more preferred embodiments, these components are preferably present in ranges of the same degree of preference, and even more preferably, these components are present in the most preferred ranges.

[0046] In one aspect, the present invention relates to an adjuvant composition comprising:

[0047] a) One or more drift-reducing ingredients,

[0048] b) One or more rain-fast additives.

[0049] d) One or more uptake enhancing agents,

[0050] e) Other formalants,

[0051] f) Optionally, one or more carriers may be added to bring the total to 100%.

[0052] Unless otherwise stated in this invention, the carrier is typically used to bring the formulation to volume. Preferably, the concentration of the carrier in the formulation according to the invention is at least 5% w / w, more preferably at least 10% w / w (e.g., at least 20% w / w, at least 40% w / w, at least 50% w / w, at least 60% w / w, at least 70% w / w, and at least 80% w / w) or at least 50 g / L, more preferably at least 100 g / L (e.g., at least 200 g / L, at least 400 g / L, at least 500 g / L, at least 600 g / L, at least 700 g / L, and at least 800 g / L).

[0053] The adjuvant formulation is preferably used in spray applications on crops.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, and for the following embodiments described in the specification, the carrier is mandatory and more preferably water.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the formulation of the present invention comprises

[0056] a) One or more drift-reducing components

[0057] b) One or more rain-resistant additives.

[0058] d) One or more absorption enhancers,

[0059] e1) Optionally, a suitable nonionic surfactant and / or a suitable ionic surfactant.

[0060] e2) Optionally, rheology modifiers,

[0061] e3) At least one suitable antifoam substance,

[0062] e4) Optional, suitable antifreeze.

[0063] e5) Optional, other suitable formulations.

[0064] f) The carrier is replenished to 100%.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, e3 and e4 are mandatory.

[0066] In another embodiment, at least one of e3, e4 and e5 is mandatory, preferably at least two of e3, e4 and e5 are mandatory, and in another embodiment, all of e1, e2, e3, e4 and e5 are mandatory.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, component a) is present at 2 to 25%, preferably 4 to 20% g / l and most preferably 5 to 15%.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, component b) is present in 1 to 25%, preferably 5 to 20%, and most preferably 8 to 18%.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, component d) is present in 30 to 55%, preferably 35 to 55%, and most preferably 40 to 55%.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, component e) is present in 10 to 40%, preferably 15 to 38%, and most preferably 18 to 38%.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, one or more components (e1) are present at 0 to 15%, preferably 0.5 to 12%, and most preferably 1 to 10%.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, one or more components (e2) are present in 0 to 5%, preferably 0.1 to 4%, and most preferably 0.2 to 3%.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, one or more components (e3) are present in 0.01 to 1.5%, preferably 0.05 to 1%, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5%.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, one or more components (e4) are present at 5 to 38%, preferably 10 to 35%, and most preferably 15 to 35%.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, one or more components (e5) are present in 0 to 20%, preferably 0.01 to 12%, and most preferably 0.05 to 8%.

[0076] The percentages from e1 to e5 always refer to the total composition.

[0077] In one embodiment, the formulation comprises the following amounts of component a) to f).

[0078] a) 2 to 25%, preferably 4 to 20% g / l, and most preferably 5 to 15%.

[0079] b) 1 to 25%, preferably 5 to 20%, and most preferably 8 to 18%.

[0080] d) 30 to 55%, preferably 35 to 55%, and most preferably 40 to 55%.

[0081] e) 10 to 40%, preferably 15 to 38%, and most preferably 18 to 38%.

[0082] f) The carrier is replenished to 100.

[0083] In one embodiment, the formulation comprises the following components a) to f).

[0084] a) 2 to 25%, preferably 4 to 20% g / l, and most preferably 5 to 15%.

[0085] b) 1 to 25%, preferably 5 to 20%, and most preferably 8 to 18%.

[0086] d) 30 to 55%, preferably 35 to 55%, and most preferably 40 to 55%.

[0087] e3) 0.01 to 1.5%, preferably 0.05 to 1%, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5%,

[0088] e4) 5 to 38%, preferably 10 to 35%, and most preferably 15 to 35%.

[0089] f) The carrier is replenished to 100.

[0090] In one embodiment, the formulation comprises the following components a) to f).

[0091] a) 2 to 25%, preferably 4 to 20% g / l, and most preferably 5 to 15%.

[0092] b) 1 to 25%, preferably 5 to 20%, and most preferably 8 to 18%.

[0093] d) 30 to 55%, preferably 35 to 55%, and most preferably 40 to 55%.

[0094] e1) 0 to 15%, preferably 0.5 to 12%, and most preferably 1 to 10%,

[0095] e2) 0 to 5%, preferably 0.1 to 4%, and most preferably 0.2 to 3%,

[0096] e3) 0.01 to 1.5%, preferably 0.05 to 1%, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5%,

[0097] e4) 5 to 38%, preferably 10 to 35%, and most preferably 15 to 35%.

[0098] e5) 0 to 20%, preferably 0.01 to 12%, and most preferably 0.05 to 8%,

[0099] f) The carrier is replenished to 100.

[0100] As mentioned above, component f) is always added up to 100%.

[0101] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the formulation consists only of the above-mentioned components a) to f) in specified amounts and ranges.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment, the herbicide is used in combination with a safener, the safener preferably being selected from isoxadifen-ethyl and mefenpyr-diethyl.

[0103] In one embodiment, the present invention relates to barrel blends comprising the adjuvant compositions of the present invention and the use of said compositions in barrel blends.

[0104] The present invention is also applicable to the application method of the above-mentioned adjuvant formulation, wherein the obtained tank-mixed formulation is preferably applied at a spraying rate of 1 to 20 l / ha, more preferably 2 to 15 l / ha, and even more preferably 5 to 15 l / ha.

[0105] More preferably, the present invention is applicable to the method of application of the aforementioned formulation, wherein the resulting tank-mixed formulation is applied at a spray rate of 1 to 20 l / ha, preferably 2 to 15 l / ha, more preferably 5 to 15 l / ha, and b) is present at an amount of 5 to 250 g / l, preferably 8 to 120 g / l, and most preferably 10 to 80 g / l, wherein in a further preferred embodiment, a) is present at an amount of 5 to 500 g / l, preferably 10 to 300 g / l, and most preferably 20 to 200 g / l, even more preferably, c) is present at an amount of 10 to 150 g / l, preferably 25 to 150 g / l, and most preferably 30 to 120 g / l, and even more preferably, d) is present at an amount of 5 to 250 g / l, preferably 10 to 100 g / l, and most preferably 20 to 80 g / l.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the invention is further adapted to the method of applying the aforementioned adjuvant formulation, wherein the resulting tank-mixed formulation is preferably applied at a spray rate of 50 to 500 l / ha, more preferably 100 to 250 l / ha.

[0107] In another aspect, the present invention is applicable to the method of application of the aforementioned barrel-mixed formulation.

[0108] The formulation is applied at a spray rate of 1 to 20 l / ha, preferably 2 to 15 l / ha, more preferably 5 to 15 l / ha, and

[0109] Preferably, the application rate of a) applied to the crop is 2 to 150 g / ha, more preferably 5 to 120 g / ha, and even more preferably 20 to 100 g / ha.

[0110] Furthermore, the drift reducing agent a) is preferably applied at a concentration of 0.01 g / ha to 50 g / ha, more preferably 0.1 g / ha to 40 g / ha, and most preferably 1 g / ha to 30 g / ha.

[0111] In one embodiment of the above application, the active ingredient (ai) of the agricultural chemical and the resulting tank mixture is preferably applied at 2 to 150 g / ha, more preferably 5 to 120 g / ha, and even more preferably 20 to 100 g / ha, while the corresponding absorbent is preferably applied at 10 g / ha to 100 g / ha, more preferably 20 g / ha to 80 g / ha, and most preferably 40 g / ha to 60 g / ha.

[0112] In particular, the formulation of the present invention can be applied to plants or crops with textured leaf surfaces at a spraying rate of 1 to 20 l / ha, preferably 2 to 15 l / ha, more preferably 5 to 15 l / ha, preferably to wheat, barley, rice, rapeseed, soybean (seedlings) and cabbage.

[0113] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for treating crops with textured leaf surfaces using a spray volume of 1 to 20 l / ha, preferably 2 to 15 l / ha, more preferably 5 to 15 l / ha, said crops preferably wheat, barley, rice, rapeseed, soybean (seedlings) and cabbage.

[0114] The present invention also relates to agricultural chemical adjuvant compositions according to the invention for use in tank mixes, wherein the formulation is applied at a spraying rate of 1 to 25 l / ha, preferably 2 to 10 l / ha, more preferably 5 to 15 l / ha.

[0115] In a preferred embodiment, the above application amount is applied to crops with textured leaf surfaces, preferably wheat, barley, rice, rapeseed, soybean (seedlings) and cabbage.

[0116] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a fungicide, a mixture of two fungicides, or a mixture of three fungicides.

[0117] In another embodiment, the active ingredient is one insecticide, a mixture of two insecticides, or a mixture of three insecticides.

[0118] In another embodiment, the active ingredient is a herbicide, a mixture of two herbicides, or a mixture of three herbicides, wherein preferably, the compound in the mixture is a safener.

[0119] Suitable insecticides are listed in the instructions below.

[0120] In the context of this invention, suitable formulation types are defined as suspension concentrates, aqueous suspensions, suspension emulsions or capsule suspensions, emulsion concentrates, water-dispersible particles, oil dispersions, emulsifiable concentrates, dispersible concentrates, wettable particles, preferably suspension concentrates, aqueous suspensions, suspension emulsions and oil dispersions, wherein in the case of non-aqueous or solid formulations, sprayable formulations are obtained by adding water. Attached Figure Description

[0121] Figure 1 Spray deposits on wheat leaves are shown. (i) and (iii) are spray dilutions of 15 l / ha, and (ii) and (iv) are spray dilutions of 200 l / ha. (i) and (ii) are Rudis SC, and (iii) and (iv) are Rudis SC mixed with formulation 1.1 illustrating the invention. Images are from Example 1.

[0122] Active ingredients / pesticides used in drum mix applications:

[0123] The active compounds identified herein by their common names are known and described, for example, in the Pesticide Manual (16th edition, British Crop Protection Council 2012), or can be found on the Internet (e.g., http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides). This classification is based on the existing IRAC mode of action classification scheme at the time of filing of this patent application.

[0124] An example of the bactericide (a) of the present invention is as follows:

[0125] 1) Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors, such as (1.001) cyproconazole, (1.002) difenoconazole, (1.003) epoxiconazole, (1.004) fenhexamid, (1.005) fenpropidin, (1.006) fenpropimorph, (1.007) fenpyraz, (1.008) fluquinconazole, and (1.009) flutriafol. (1.010) Imazalil, (1.011) Imazalil sulfate, (1.012) Ipconazole, (1.013) Metconazole, (1.014) Myclobutanil, (1.015) Paclobutrazol, (1.016) Prochloraz, (1.017) Proiconazole, (1.018) Prothioconazole, (1.019) Pyrimethanil (xazole), (1.020) spiroxamine, (1.021) tebuconazole, (1.022) tetraconazole, (1.023) triadimenol, (1.024) tridemorph, (1.025) triticonazole, (1.026) (1R,2S,5S)-5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.027) (1S,2R,5R)-5-(4 (1.028) (2R)-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-4-[(1R)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-but-2-ol, (1.029) (2R)-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-4-[(1S)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-but-2-ol, (1.030) (2R)-2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-prop-2-ol, (1.031)(2S)-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-4-[(1R)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-but-2-ol, (1.032)(2S)-2-(1-chloro-cyclopropyl)-4-[(1S)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-but-2-ol, (1.033)(2S)-2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-prop-2-ol, (1.034)(R)-[3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2-oxazol-4-yl] (1.035) [3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3-yl)methanol, (1.036) [3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2-oxazol-4-yl](pyridin-3-yl)methanol, (1.037) 1-({(2R,4S)-2-[2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-yl}methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole, (1.038) 1-({(2S,4S)-2-[2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-4-methyl (1.039)1-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethylene oxide-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl thiocyanate, (1.040)1-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethylene oxide-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl thiocyanate, (1.041)1-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethylene oxide-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl thiocyanate Cyanate esters, (1.042)2-[(2R,4R,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.043)2-[(2R,4R,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.044)2-[(2R,4S,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.045)2-[(2R,4S,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.046)2-[(2S,4R,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.047)2-[(2S,4R,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1 .048)2-[(2S,4S,5R)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.049)2-[(2S,4S,5S)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.050)2-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylheptane-4-yl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.051)2-[2-chloro- [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-ol, (1.052)2-[2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)but-2-ol, (1.053)2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)but-2-ol, (1.054)2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pentan-2-ol, (1.055) mefentrifluconaz ole), (1.056)2-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)epoxyethylene-2-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.057)2-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)epoxyethylene-2-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.058)2-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)epoxyethylene-2-yl]methyl}-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione, (1.059) 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(methylchloromethyl)-2-methyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cyclopentanol, (1.060) 5-(allylthio)-1-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)epoxyethylene-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole, (1.061) 5-(allylthio)-1-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)epoxyethylene-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole, (1.062) 5-(allylthio)-1-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2- (1.063)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.064)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.065)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.066)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{[3-(pentafluoroethyl)phenyl]thio}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.067)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)thio]-phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.068)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(2,2,2-tetrafluoro-ethyl)thio]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.069)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl)thio]phenoxy}phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarbamate, (1.070)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-{3-[(pentafluoroethyl)thio]phenoxy}phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarbamate, (1.071)N′-(2,5-dimethyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarbamate, (1.072)N′-(4-{[3-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]thio}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarbamate, (1.073)N′-(4-{3-[(difluoromethyl)thio]phenoxy}-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarbamate, (1.074) N′-[5-bromo-6-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-yloxy)-2-methylpyridin-3-yl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimino-carboxamide, (1.075) N′-{4-[(4,5-dichloro-1,3-thiazolyl-2-yl)oxy]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimino-carboxamide, (1.076) N′-{5-bromo-6-[(IR)-1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimino-carboxamide, (1.077) N′-{5-bromo-6-[(1S)-1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimino-carboxamide (1.078)N′-{5-bromo-6-[(cis-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)oxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.079)N′-{5-bromo-6-[(trans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)oxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.080)N′-{5-bromo-6-[1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-methylpyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.081)ipfentrifluconazole, (1.082)2 -[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-ol, (1.083)2-[6-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-ol, (1.084)2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-ol, (1.085)3-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(3-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propyl]imidazol-4-onitrile, (1.086)4-[[6-[rac-(2R)-2- (2,4-Difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-thio-4H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzyl nitrile, (1.087)N-isopropyl-N′-[5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)phenyl]-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.088)N′-{5-bromo-2-methyl-6-[(1-propoxypropyl-2-yl)oxy]pyridin-3-yl}-N-ethyl-N-methyliminocarboxamide, (1.089) hexaconazole, (1.090) penconazole, (1.091) Fenbuconazole.

[0126] 2) Respiratory chain complex I or II inhibitors, such as (2.001) benzovindiflupyr, (2.002) bixafen, (2.003) boscalid, (2.004) carboxin, (2.005) fluopyram, (2.006) flutolanil, (2.007) fluxapyroxad, (2.008) furamepyr, (2.009) isofetamid, (2.010) pyrazole. (2.011) isopyrazam (trans-episomeric enantiomers 1R, 4S, 9S), (2.012) isopyrazam (trans-episomeric enantiomers 1S, 4R, 9R), (2.013) isopyrazam (a mixture of cis-episomeric racemics 1RS, 4SR, 9RS and trans-episomeric racemics 1RS, 4SR, 9SR), (2.014) isopyrazam (cis-episomeric enantiomers 1R, 4S, 9R), (2.015) isopyrazam (cis-episomeric enantiomers 1S, 4R, 9S), (2.016) isopyrazam (cis-episomeric enantiomers 1S, 4R, 9S), Racemic mixtures 1RS, 4SR, 9RS), (2.017) penflufen, (2.018) penthiopyrad, (2.019) pydiflumetofen, (2.020) pyraziflumid, (2.021) sedaxane, (2.022) 1,3-dimethyl-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.023) 1,3-dimethyl-N-[(3R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.024)1,3-dimethyl-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.025)1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-N-[2′-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.026)2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-yl)benzamide, (2.027)3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.028) Inpyrfluxam, (2.029) 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.030) fluindapyr, (2.031) 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-7-fluoro-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.032) 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3S)-7-fluoro-1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4 -Formamide, (2.033)5,8-difluoro-N-[2-(2-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amine, (2.034)N-(2-cyclopentyl-5-fluorobenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.035)N-(2-tert-butyl-5-methylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.036)N-(2-tert-butylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.037) N-(5-chloro-2-ethylbenzyl)-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.038), isoflurane, (2.039)N-[(1R,4S)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-bridged methylenenaphthalene-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.040)N-[(1S,4R)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-bridged methylenenaphthalene-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.041)N -[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxypropyl-2-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.042)N-[2-chloro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.043)N-[3-chloro-2-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.044)N-[5-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.045) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-N-[5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.046) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(2-fluoro-6-isopropylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.047) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.048) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro- N-(2-Isopropylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-thiocarboxamide, (2.049)N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(2-isopropylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.050)N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-N-(5-fluoro-2-isopropylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.051)N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-4,5-dimethylbenzyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (2.052) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-5-fluorobenzyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.053) N-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-5-methylbenzyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.054) N-cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropyl-5-fluorobenzyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.055) N-cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropyl-5-methylbenzyl) (2.056) N-cyclopropyl-N-(2-cyclopropylbenzyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, (2.057) pyrapropoyne, (2.058) N-[rac-(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide, (2.059) N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinamide.

[0127] 3) Respiratory chain complex III inhibitors, such as (3.001) ametoctradin, (3.002) amisulbrom, (3.003) azoxystrobin, (3.004) coumethoxystrobin, (3.005) coumoxystrobin, (3.006) cyazofamid, (3.007) dimoxystrobin, (3.008) enoxastrobin, and (3.009) famoxa. (3.010) Fenamidone, (3.011) Flufenoxystrobin, (3.012) Fluoxastrobin, (3.013) Kresoxim-methyl, (3.014) Metominostrobin, (3.015) Orysastrobin, (3.016) Picoxystrobin, (3.017) Pyraclostrobin, (3.018) Pyramet (3.019) pyraoxystrobin, (3.020) trifloxystrobin, (3.021) (2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-fluoro-2-phenylvinyl]oxy}phenyl)ethylene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylacetamide, (3.022) (2E,3Z)-5-{[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}-2-(methoxyimino)-N,3-dimethylpent-3-enamide, (3.023) (2R)-2-{2-[( 2,5-Dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, (3.024) (2S)-2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide, (3.025) fenpicoxamid, (3.026) mandestrobin, (3.027) N-(3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-formamido-2-hydroxybenzamide, (3.028) (2E,3Z)-5-{[1-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}-2-(methoxyimino)-N,3-dimethylpent-3-enamide, (3.029){5-[3-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-methylbenzyl}methyl carbamate, (3.030)metyltetraprole, (3.031)florylpicoxamid.

[0128] 4) Inhibitors of mitosis and cell division, such as (4.001) carbendazim, (4.002) diethofencarb, (4.003) ethaboxam, (4.004) fluopicolide, (4.005) pencycuron, (4.006) thiabendazole, (4.007) thiophanate-methyl, (4.008) zoxamide, (4.009) pyridachlometyl, (4.009) pyridachlometyl, (4.001) carbendazim, (4.002) diethofencarb, (4.003) thiophanate-methyl, (4.004) zoxamide, (4.005) pyridachlometyl, (4.006) thiabendazole, (4.007) thiophanate-methyl, (4.008) zoxamide, (4.009) pyridachlometyl, (4.009) pyridachlometyl, (4.001) thiophanate-methyl, (4.002) thiophanate-methyl, (4.003) thiophanate-methyl, (4.004) zoxamide, (4.005) pyridachlometyl, (4.006) thiophanate-methyl, (4.007) thiophanate-methyl, (4.008) zoxamide, (4.009) pyridachlometyl, (4.001) thiophanate-methyl, (4.002) thiophanate-methyl, (4.003) thiophanate-methyl, (4.004) zoxamide, (4.009) pyridachlometyl, (4.001) thiophanate-methyl, (4.00 010) 3-Chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methylpyridazine, (4.011) 3-Chloro-5-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine, (4.012) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.013) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.014) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-bromophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.015) 4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.016)4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.017)4-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.018)4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.019)4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine -amine, (4.020)4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.021)4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.022)4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dimethylpyridazine, (4.023)N-(2-bromo-6-fluorophenyl)-4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.024)N-(2-bromophenyl)-4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.025)N-(4-chloro-2,6-difluorophenyl)-4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-amine, (4.026)fluopimomide.

[0129] 5) Compounds capable of multi-site action, such as (5.001) Bordeaux mixture, (5.002) captafol, (5.003) captan, (5.004) chlorothalonil, (5.005) copper hydroxide, (5.006) copper naphthenate, (5.007) copper oxide, (5.008) copper oxychloride, (5.009) copper sulfate (2+), (5.010) dithianon, (5.011) dodine, (5.012) folpet, (5.013) mancozeb, (5.014) mancozeb, (5.015) metiram, (5.016) metiram (5.017) hydroxyquinoline copper, (5.018) methyl zinc, (5.019) sulfur and sulfur preparations including calcium polysulfides, (5.020) thiram, (5.021) zinc, (5.022) ziram, (5.023) 6-ethyl-5,7-dioxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3',4':5,6][1,4]dithiainro[2,3-c][1,2]thiazolyl-3-carboxylonitrile.

[0130] 6) Compounds that can induce host defense, such as (6.001) acibenzolar-S-methyl, (6.002) isothiazine, (6.003) probenazole, and (6.004) tiadinil.

[0131] 7) Inhibitors of amino acid and / or protein biosynthesis, such as (7.001) cyprodinil, (7.002) kasugamycin, (7.003) kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, (7.004) oxytetracycline, (7.005) pyrimethanil, and (7.006) 3-(5-fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-1-yl)quinoline.

[0132] 8) ATP production inhibitors, such as (8.001) silthiofam.

[0133] 9) Cell wall synthesis inhibitors, such as (9.001) benthiavalicarb, (9.002) dimethomorph, (9.003) flumorph, (9.004) iprovalicarb, (9.005) mandipropamid, (9.006) pyrimorph, (9.007) valifenalate, (9.008) (2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, and (9.009) (2Z)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one.

[0134] 10) Lipid and membrane synthesis inhibitors, such as (10.001) propamocarb, (10.002) propamocarb hydrochloride, and (10.003) tolclofos-methyl.

[0135] 11) Inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis, such as (11.001) tricyclazole and (11.002) tolprocarb.

[0136] 12) Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors, such as (12.001) benalaxyl, (12.002) benalaxyl-M (kiralaxyl), (12.003) metalaxyl, and (12.004) metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam).

[0137] 13) Signal transduction inhibitors, such as (13.001) fludioxonil, (13.002) iprodione, (13.003) procymidone, (13.004) proquinazid, (13.005) quinoxyfen, and (13.006) vinclozolin.

[0138] 14) Compounds that can be used as uncoupling agents, such as (14.001) fluazinam and (14.002) meptyldinocap.

[0139] 15) Other fungicides selected from (15.001) abscisic acid, (15.002) bethoxazin, (15.003) bethoxazin, (15.004) capsimycin, (15.005) carvone, (15.006) chinomethionat, (15.007) cufraneb, (15.008) cyflufenamid, (15.009) [unclear text - possibly related to fungicides]. 09) Cymoxanil, (15.010) Cyprosulfamide, (15.011) Flutianil, (15.012) Fosetyl-aluminum, (15.013) Calcium Fosetyl-aluminum, (15.014) Sodium Fosetyl-aluminum, (15.015) Methyl isothiocyanate, (15.016) Metrafenone, (15.017) Mildiomycin, (15.018) Natamycin, (15.019) Nickel (15.020) dimethyldithiocarbamate, (15.021) nitrothal-isopropyl, (15.022) oxamocarb, (15.023) oxathiapiprolin, (15.024) oxyfenthiin, (15.025) pentachlorophenol and its salts, (15.026) phosphorous acid and its salts, (15.027) propamocarb-fosetylate, (15.028) pyr iofenone (chlazafenone), (15.028) tebufloquin, (15.029) tecloftalam, (15.030) tolnifanide, (15.031) 1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazolyl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl] acetone, (15.032)1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazolyl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetone, (15.033)2-(6-benzylpyridin-2-yl)quinazolin, (15.034)dipymetitrone, (15.035)2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl}-1,3-thiazolyl)piperidin-1-yl] (15.036)2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-chloro-6-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl]acetone, (15.037)2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-fluoro-6-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl}-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl]acetone, (15.038)2-[6-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl] (15.039)2-{(5R)-3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazolyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl}-3-chlorophenylmethanesulfonate, (15.040)2-{(5S)-3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazolyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl}-3-chlorophenylmethanesulfonate, (15.041)ipflufenoquin, (15.04) 2) 2-{2-fluoro-6-[(8-fluoro-2-methylquinoline-3-yl)oxy]phenyl}prop-2-ol, (15.043)fluoxapiprolin, (15.044)2-{3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazolyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-5-yl}phenylmethanesulfonate, (15.045)2-phenylphenol and its salts, (15.046)3-(4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-1-yl)quinoline, (15.047)quinofumelin, (15.048) 2-Amino-4-hydroxy-5-fluoropyrimidine (tautomer form: 4-amino-5-fluoropyrimidine-2(1H)-one), (15.049) 4-oxo-4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]butyric acid, (15.050) 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-thiol, (15.051) 5-chloro-N′-phenyl-N′-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)thiophene-2-sulfonylhydrazine, (15.052) 5-fluoro-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)oxy]pyrimidine-4-amine, (15.053) 5-fluoro-2-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidine-4-amine, (15.054) 9-fluoro-2,2-dimethyl-5-(quinoline- 3-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazetane, (15.055){6-[({[(Z)-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazole-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate-but-3-yne-1-yl ester, (15.056)(2Z)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylacrylate ethyl ester, (15.057)phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, (15.058) propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, (15.059) quinoline-8-ol, (15.060) quinoline-8-ol sulfate (2:1), (15.061){6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazole-5- (15.062) 5-fluoro-4-imino-3-methyl-1-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one, (15.063) aminopyrifen, (15.064) (N′-[2-chloro-4-(2-fluorophenoxy)-5-methylphenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methylimino-formamide), (15.065) (N′-(2-chloro-5-methyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimino-formamide), (15.066) (2-{2-[(7,8-difluoro-2- (15.067) (5-bromo-1-(5,6-dimethylpyridin-3-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline), (15.068) (3-(4,4-difluoro-5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)quinoline), (15.069) (1-(4,5-dimethyl-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline), (15.070) 8-fluoro-3-(5-fluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-1-yl)hydroxyquinoline, (15.068) (5-bromo-1-(5,6-dimethylpyridin-3-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-1-yl)hydroxyquinoline, (15.067 ...071) 8-fluoro-3-(5-fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-1-yl)quinolone, (15.072) 3-(4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-1-yl)-8-fluoroquinoline, (15.073) (N-methyl-N-phenyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide), (15.074) methyl 4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl}carbamate, (15.075) (N-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzyl}cyclopropaneformamide), (15.076)N-Methyl-4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)benzamide, (15.077)N-[(E)-methoxyimino-methyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.078)N-[(Z)-methoxyiminomethyl]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.079)N-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]cyclopropaneformamide, (15.080)N-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]cyclopropaneformamide, (15.081) 2,2-difluoro-N-methyl-2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide, (15.082) N-allyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl]methyl]acetamide, (15.083) N-[(E)-N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimino]-4-(5-(trifluoro-methyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.084) N-[(Z)-N-methoxy-C-methyl-carbonimino]-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]acetamide, ,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.085)N-allyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propionamide, (15.086)4,4-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]pyrrolidine-2-one, (15.087)N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]thiobenzamide, (15.088)5-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]pyrrolidine-2-one, (15.089)N-((2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]-3,3,3-trifluoro-propionamide, (15.090)1-methoxy-1-methyl-3-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.091)1,1-diethyl-3-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.092)N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propionamide, (15.093)N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-( (15.094) 1-Methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropane formamide, (15.095) N-methoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl)cyclopropane formamide, (15.096) N,2-dimethoxy-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propane amide, (15.097) N-ethyl-2-methyl-N-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-] Oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]propionamide, (15.098) 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.099) 1,3-dimethoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.100) 3-ethyl-1-methoxy-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]urea, (15.101) 1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]piperidin-2-one, (15.10 2) 4,4-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]-methyl]isoxazolidine-3-one, (15.103) 5,5-dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidine-3-one, (15.104) 3,3-dimethyl-1-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]piperidin-2-one, (15.105) 1-[[3-fluoro-4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]azepan-2-one, (15.106) 4,4-Dimethyl-2-[[4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-phenyl]methyl]isoxazol-3-one, (15.107) 5,5-Dimethyl-2-[[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl]methyl]isoxazolidine-3-one, (15.108) 1-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzyl}-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, (15.109) N,N-Dimethyl-1-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzyl}-1H-1,2, 4-Triazol-3-amine, (15.110)N-{2,3-difluoro-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzyl}butyramide, (15.111)N-(1-methylcyclopropyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.112)N-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide, (15.113)1-(5,6-dimethylpyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.114)1-(6-( (15.115)1-(5-(fluoromethyl)-5-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-isoquinoline, (15.116)1-(6-(difluoromethyl)-5-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-4,4-difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-isoquinoline, (15.117)4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl ester of dimethylcarbamate, (15.118)N-{4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl ester -1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]phenyl}propionamide, (15.119)3-[2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazo-4-yl]-1,5-dihydro-2,4-benzodioxepin-6-yl methanesulfonate, (15.120)9-fluoro-3-[2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazo-4-yl]-1,5-dihydro-2,4-benzodioxepin-6-yl methanesulfonate, (15.121) 3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazo-4-yl]-1,5-dihydro-2,4-benzodioxane-6-yl methanesulfonate, (15.122) 3-[2-(1-{[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-thiazo-4-yl]-9-fluoro-1,5-dihydro-2,4-benzodioxane-6-yl methanesulfonate, (15.123) 1-(6,7-dimethylpyrazole[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)- 4,4-Difluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline, (15.124)8-fluoro-N-(4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylbut-2-yl)quinoline-3-carboxamide, (15.125)8-fluoro-N-[(2S)-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methyl-1-phenylbut-2-yl]quinoline-3-carboxamide, (15.126)N-(2,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpent-2-yl)-8-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxamide, and (15.127)N-[(2S)-2,4-dimethyl-1-phenylpent-2-yl]-8-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxamide.

[0140] An example of the insecticide (a) of the present invention is as follows:

[0141] (1) Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, such as carbamates: Alanycarb, Aldicarb, Bendicarb, Benfuracarb, Butocarboxim, Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Ethiofencarb, Fenobucarb, Formetate, Furathiocarb Isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, triazamate, trimethacarb, XMC, and xylylcarb; or organophosphates such as acephate, azamethiphos, and ethyl glutathione. Azinphos-ethyl, Azinphos-methyl, Cadusafos, Chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, Chlorpyrifos-methyl, Coumaphos, Cyanophos, Demeton-S-methyl, Diazinon, Dichlorvos / DDVP, Dicrotophodo s), Dimethoate, Dimethylvinphos, Disulfoton, EPN, Ethion, Ethoprophos, Famphur, Fenamiphos, Fenitrothion, Fenthion, Fosthiazate, Heptenophos, Imicyafos, Isofenphos, Isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl)salicylic acid.O-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl)salicylat), Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion-methyl, Phenthoat, Phorat, Phosmet, Phosphami The following are listed: don, Phoxim, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Trichlorfon, and Vamidothion.

[0142] (2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, preferably cyclopentadiene organochlorines selected from the following substances: chlordane and endosulfan; or phenylpyrazoles (fiproles) selected from the following substances: ethiprole and fipronil.

[0143] (3) Sodium channel modulators / voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, such as pyrethroids: for example, Acrinathrin, Allethrin, d-cis-trans-allethrin, d-trans-allethrin, Bifenthrin, Bioallethrin, Bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl isomer, Bioresmethrin n), Cycloprothrin, Cyfluthrin, β-cyhalothrin, Cyhalothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, γ-cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin, α-cyhalothrin, β-cyhalothrin, θ-cyhalothrin, ζ-cyhalothrin, Cyphenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer] (Cyphenothrin [(IR)-trans isomer]) Isomer), deltamethrin, empenthrin[(EZ)-(1R)Isomer], esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, flucythrinate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, Halfenprox, improthrin, kadethrin, momfluorothrin, permethrin, phenothrin[(1R)-trans] Isomer]), prallethrin, pyrethrins (pyrethrum) (Isomer), resmethrin, silafluofen, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tetramethrin [(1R) isomer] ((1R) isomer) (Isomer), tralomethrin, and transfluthrin, or DDT or methoxychlor.

[0144] (4) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive activator, preferably neonicotinoids selected from the following substances: acetamiprid, clohianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam, or nicotine; or sulfonyl imines selected from sulfoxaflor; or butenolides selected from flupyradifurone; or mesoionics selected from triflumezopyrim.

[0145] (5) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric activator, preferably selected from spinosad and spinosad.

[0146] (6) Glutamate-dependent chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators, preferably avermectines / milbemycins selected from abamectin, emamectin-benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin.

[0147] (7) Juvenile hormone analogues, preferably juvenile hormone analogues selected from the following substances: Hydropren, Kinopren and Methopren, or Fenoxycarb or Pyriproxyfen.

[0148] (8) Various non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, preferably alkyl halides selected from methyl bromide and other alkyl halides, or chloropicrin or sulfurylfluorid or borax or tartar emetic, or methyl isocyanate generating agents selected from Diazomet and Metam.

[0149] (9) TRPV channel modulators of the chordotonal organ, selected from pymetrozine and pyrifluquinazone.

[0150] (10) Mite growth inhibitors selected from Clofentezin, Hexythiazox, Diflovidazin and Etoxazol.

[0151] (11) Insect intestinal membrane microbial interference agents, selected from: Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis and Bt plant proteins selected from the following substances: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab, VIP3A, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb and Cry34Ab1 / 35Ab1.

[0152] (12) A mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor, preferably an ATP interferon selected from diafenthiuron; or an organotin compound selected from the following substances: azocyclotin, cyhexatin and fenbutatin-oxid, or propargite, or tetrachloride sulfone.

[0153] (13) Oxidative phosphoric acid uncoupling agents that interact through a proton gradient, selected from: Chlorfenapyr, DNOC and Sulfluramid.

[0154] (14) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers, selected from: Bensultap, Cartap-hydrochloride, Thiocyram and Thiosultap-sodium.

[0155] (15) Type O chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, selected from: Bistrifluron, Chlorfluazuron, Diflubenzuron, Flucycloxuron, Flufenoxuron, Hexaflumuron, Lufenuron, Novaluron, Noviflumuron, Teflubenzuron, and Triflumuron.

[0156] (16) Type I chitin biosynthesis inhibitor, selected from: buprofezin.

[0157] (17) Molting disruptors (especially dipteras, i.e., two-winged insects), which are selected from cyromazin.

[0158] (18) Ecdysone receptor agonists selected from: cyclofenozid, halofenozid, methoxyfenozid and tebufenozide.

[0159] (19) Octopus amine receptor agonist, selected from: Amitraz.

[0160] (20) Inhibitors of electron transport in mitochondrial complex III, selected from: hydramethylnon, acequinocyl and fluacrypyrim.

[0161] (21) Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors, preferably so-called METI acaricides selected from the following substances: Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximate, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben, Tebufenpyrad and Tolfenpyrad, or Rotenone (Derris).

[0162] (22) Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, selected from: indoxacarb and metaflumizone.

[0163] (23) An acetyl-CoA (-CoA) carboxylase inhibitor, preferably a tetronic and tetramic acid derivative selected from the following substances: Spirodiclofen, Spiromesifen, Spirotetramat, and Spidoxamate (IUPAC name: 11-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylyl)-12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradecane-11-en-10-one).

[0164] (24) A mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitor, preferably a phosphine derivative selected from aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide, or a cyanide derivative selected from calcium cyanide, potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide.

[0165] (25) An inhibitor of electron transport in mitochondrial complex II, preferably a beta-ketonitrile derivative of the following substances: Cyenopyrafen and Cyflumetofen; or a carboxanilide of Pyflubumide.

[0166] (28) Ryanodine receptor modulators, preferably diamides selected from the following substances: chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and flubendiamid.

[0167] (29) A modulator of the string organ (with an indeterminate target structure), selected from: flunicamid.

[0168] (30) Other active ingredients selected from: Acynonapyr, Afidopyropen, Afoxolaner, Azadirachtin, Benclothiaz, Benzoximat, Benzpyrimoxan, Bifenazat, Broflanilid, Bromopropylat, Chinomethionat, Chloroprallethrin, Cryolite, Cyclanil iprol), cycloxaprid, cyhalodiamid, dicloomezotiaz, dicofluxol, dimpropyridaz, epsilon-metofluthrin, epsilon-Momfluthrin, flometoquin, fluazaindolizin, fluensulfon, flufenerim, flufenoxystrobin, and flufeniprin. Fluhexafon, Fluopyram, Flupyrimin, Flularalaner, Fluxametamid, Fufenozid, Guadipyr, Heptafluthrin, imidaclothiz, Iprodione, Isocycloseram, kappa-Bifenthrin, kappa-Tefluthrin, Lotilaner, Chlorpyrifos Meperfluthrin, Oxazosulfyl, paichongding, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, pyriminostrobin, Spirobudiclofen, Spiropidion, Tetramethylfluthrin, Tetraniliprol, Tetrachlorantraniliprol, Tigolaner, TioxazafenThiofluoximat and Iodomethan; Bacillus firmus-based formulations (I-1582, BioNeem, Votivo); and the following compounds: 1-{2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine (as per WO2006 / 043635) (CAS885026-50-6), {1'-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-5-fluorospiro[indol-3,4′-piperidin]-1(2H)-yl}(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)methyl ketone (as per WO2003 / 106457) (CAS885026-50-6). 637360-23-7), 2-chloro-N-[2-{1-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]piperidin-4-yl}-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isonicotinamide (obtained from WO2006 / 003494) (CAS 872999-66-1), 3-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one (obtained from WO 2010052161) (CAS 1225292-17-0), 3-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2-oxo-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (obtained from EP) 2647626 (CAS-1440516-42-6), 4-(but-2-yn-1-yloxy)-6-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine (from WO2004 / 099160) (CAS 792914-58-0), PF1364 (from JP2010 / 018586) (CAS Registry No. 1204776-60-2), (3E)-3-[1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl]-2-pyridylidene]-1,1,1-trifluoroprop-2-one (from WO2013 / 144213) (CAS 1461743-15-6), N-[3-(benzylcarbamoyl)-4-chlorophenyl]-1-methyl-3-(pentafluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (obtained from WO2010 / 051926) (CAS 1226889-14-0), 5-bromo-4-chloro-N-[4-chloro-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide (obtained from CN103232431) (CAS 1449220-44-3),4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2-methyl-N-(cis-1-oxo-3-thioheterobutyl)benzamide, 4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2-methyl-N-(trans-1-oxo-3-thioheterobutyl)benzamide and 4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2-methyl-N-(cis-1-oxo-3-thioheterobutyl)benzamide (as known from WO 2013 / 050317A1) (CAS 1332628-83-7), N-[3-chloro-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)sulfinyl]propionamide, (+)-N-[3-chloro-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)sulfinyl]propionamide and (-)-N-[3-chloro-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)sulfinyl]propionamide (from WO 2013 / 162715A2, WO 2013 / 162716A2, US 2014 / 0213448A1 (CAS1477923-37-7), 5-[[(2E)-3-chloro-2-propen-1-yl]amino]-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylonitrile (obtained from CN 101337937 A) (CAS 1105672-77-2), 3-bromo-N-[4-chloro-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)thiomethyl]phenyl]-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (Liudaibenjiaxuanan, obtained from CN103109816A) (CAS 1232543-85-9); N-[4-chloro-2-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-3-(fluoromethoxy)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (obtained from WO 2012 / 034403A1) (CAS 1268277-22-0), N-[2-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-chloro-6-methylphenyl]-3-bromo-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (obtained from WO 2011 / 085575A1) (CAS 1233882-22-8),4-[3-[2,6-dichloro-4-[(3,3-dichloro-2-propen-1-yl)oxy]phenoxy]propoxy]-2-methoxy-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine (as known by CN 101337940 A) (CAS 1108184-52-6); (2E)-2-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene]-N-[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]hydrazine carboxamide and 2(Z)-2-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene]-N-[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]hydrazine carboxamide (as known by CN 101715774A) (CAS 1232543-85-9); 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl ester of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (obtained from CN 103524422 A) (CAS1542271-46-4); (4aS)-7-chloro-2,5-dihydro-2-[[(methoxycarbonyl)[4-[(trifluoromethyl)thio]phenyl]amino]carbonyl]indo[1,2-e][1,3,4]oxadiazine-4a(3H)-methyl formate (obtained from CN 102391261) A (CAS 1370358-69-2); 6-deoxy-3-O-ethyl-2,4-di-O-methyl-1-[N-[4-[1-[4-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]phenyl]carbamate]-α-L-mannopyranose (from US 2014 / 0275503A1) (CAS 1181213-14-8); 8-(2-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-3-(6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl)-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane (CAS 1253850-56-4), (8-trans)-8-(2-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-3-(6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl)-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane (CAS933798-27-7), (8-cis)-8-(2-cyclopropylmethoxy-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-3-(6-trifluoromethylpyridazin-3-yl)-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane (obtained from WO 2007040280 A1, WO 2007040282A1) (CAS934001-66-8), N-[3-chloro-3-(3-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-N-ethyl-3-[(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)thio]propionamide (obtained from WO 2015 / 058021A1WO 2015 / 058028A1 (CAS 1477919-27-9) and N-[4-(aminothiomethyl)-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-3-bromo-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (from CN 103265527 A) (CAS 1452877-50-7), 5-(1,3-dioxane-2-yl)-4-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methoxy]pyrimidine (from WO 2013 / 115391A1) (CAS 1449021-97-9), 3-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-1-methyl-1,8-diazaspiro[4,5]decane-2,4-dione (from WO 2014 / 187846 A1 (CAS 1638765-58-8), 3-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (obtained from WO 2010 / 066780 A1, WO 2011151146 A1) (CAS 1229023-00-0), 4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-N-[(4R)-2-ethyl-3-oxo-4-isoxazolyl]-2-methylbenzamide (obtained from WO 2011 / 067272, WO Received on 2013 / 050302 (CAS 1309959-62-3).

[0169] Examples of the herbicides of the present invention include:

[0170] Acetochlor, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium, aclonifen, alachlor, allidochlor, alloxydim, alloxydim-sodium, ametryn, amicabazone, amidochlor, amidosulfuron, 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indol-6-yl)pyridine 2-Carboxylic acid, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminocyclopyrachlor-potassium, aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl, aminopyralid, amitrol, ammonium sulfamate, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, azafenidin, azimsulfuron, flubutyrazole ( beflubutamid, benzolin, benzolin-ethyl, benzfluralin, benzuresate, benzsulfuron, benzsulfuron-methyl, benzulide, benzazone, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyron, bifenox, bilanafos Bilanthoxam sodium, bispyribac, bispyribac sodium, bixlozone, bromacil, bromobutide, bromofenoxim, bromoxynil, bromoxynil-butyrate, bromoxynil-potassium, bromoxynil-heptanoate, and bromoxynil-octanoate.Busoxinone, butachlor, butafenacil, butamifos, butenachlor, butralin, butroxydim, butylate, cefenstrole, carbetamide, carfentrazone-ethyl, chloramben, chlorbromuron, 1-{2- Chloro-3-[(3-cyclopropyl-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)carbonyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}piperidin-2-one, 4-{2-chloro-3-[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzoyl}-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid ester, chlorfenac, chlorfenac-sodium, chlorfenprop, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, chlormethicone loridazon), chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, 2-[2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)benzoyl]-3-hydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-one, 4-{2-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)-3-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)methyl]benzoyl}-1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid ester, chlorophthalim, chlorotoluron, chlorthal-dimethyl, 3-[5 [-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-1-methylimidazolium-2-one, chlorsulfuron, cinidon, cinidon-ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, clacyfos, clethodim, clodinafop, clodinafop-propargyl, clonazepam, clonateprop, clopyralidCloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, cumyluron, cyanamide, cyanazine, cycloate, cyclopyranil, cyclopyrimorate, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxydim, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, cyprazine, 2,4-D, 2,4-D-butyl 2,4-D-butotyl oxyethyl ester, 2,4-D-butyl ester, 2,4-D-dimethylammonium, 2,4-D-diethanolamine, 2,4-D-ethyl ester, 2,4-D-2-ethylhexyl ester, 2,4-D-isobutyl ester, 2,4-D-isooctyl ester, 2,4-D-isopropylammonium, 2,4-D-potassium, 2,4-D-triisopropanolammonium and 2,4-D-triethanolamine, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DB-butyl ester, 2,4-DB-dimethylammonium, 2,4-DB-isooctyl ester, 2,4-DB-potassium and 2,4-DB-sodium, daimuron (dymron), dalapon, dazomet, n-decanol, desmedipham, detosyl-pyrazolate (DTP), dicamba, dichlobenil, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-P, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, diclofop-methyl (diclofop-P-methyl), diclosulam, difenzoquat, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P3-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-6-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl)carbonyl]-1-methylquinazolin-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, 1,3-dimethyl-4-[2-(methylsulfonyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid ester, dimetrasulfuron, dinitramine, dinoterb, diphenamid, diquat, diquat-dibromid, dithiopyr, diquat Diuron, DMPA, DNOC, endothal, EPTC, esprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethiozin, ethofumesate, ethoxyfen-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanid, [(3-{2-chloro-4-] -Fluoro-5-[3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3,6-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl]phenoxy}pyridin-2-yl)oxy]ethyl acetate, F-9960, F-5231 (i.e., N-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-[4-(3-fluoropropyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]phenyl]ethanesulfonamide), F-7967 (i.e., 3-[7-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2,4(1H,3H)-dione), fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop Fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fenoxasulfone, fenquinotrione, fentrazamide, flamprop, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, frazsulfuron, floraulam, fluazifop, fluazifop-PFluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, flucarbazone, flucarbazone-sodium, flucetosulfuron, fluchloralin, flufenacet, flufenpyr, flufenpyr-ethyl, flumetsulam, flumiclorac, flumiclor Ac-pentyl), flumioxazin, fluometuron, flureno1, flurenol-butyl, flurenol-dimethylammonium, flurenol-methyl, fluoroglycofen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, flupropanate, flupyrsulfuron, and flupyrsulfuron sodium. n-methyl-sodium), fluridone, fluro-chloridone, fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr-meptyl, flurtamone, fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, fomesafen-sodium, foramsulfuron, fosamine, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, and other similar products. Glufosinate-P-sodium, glyphosate, glyphosate ammonium, glyphosate isopropylammonium, glyphosate diammonium, glyphosate dimethylammonium, glyphosate potassium, glyphosate sodium, and glyphosate trimethyl sulfide, H-9201 (O-(2,4-dimethyl-6-nitrophenyl)-O-ethylisopropylthiophosphoramide), halauxifen, halauxifen-methyl, halosafen, halosulfuron, and halosulfuron-methylHaloxyfop, Haloxyfop-P, Haloxyfop ethoxyethyl ester, Haloxyfop-methyl, Haloxyfop-P-methyl, Hexazinone, HW-02 (i.e., (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid 1-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)ethyl ester), 4-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]imidazolidine-2-one, 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]imidazolidine-2-one, (5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)(3,3,4-trimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophene-5-yl) methyl ketone, 6-[(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl)carbonyl]-1,5-dimethyl-3-(2-methylphenyl)quinazolin-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, imidacloprid, imidacloprid-methyl, methoxyimidacloprid, methoxyimidacloprid ammonium, imidacloprid nicotine, imidacloprid ammonium, imidacloprid nicotine, imidacloprid nicotine isopropyl ammonium, imidacloprid quinoline acid, imidacloprid... Ammonium quinclorac, imazethapyr, imazethapyr-ammonium, imazosulfuron, indanofan, indaziflam, iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, ioxynil, ioxynil-octanoate, potassium and sodium iodobenzonil, ipfencarbazone, isoproturon Isouron, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, karbutilate, KUH-043 (i.e., 3-({[5-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]methyl}sulfonyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole), keto-spiradox, lactoferrin, lenacil, linuron, MCPA, MCPA-butoxyethyl ester, MCPA-dimethylammonium, MCPA-2-ethylhexyl ester, MCPA-isopropylammonium,MCPA-potassium and MCPA-sodium, MCPB, MCPB-methyl ester, MCPB-ethyl ester and MCPB-sodium, 2-methyl-4-chloropropionic acid (mecoprop), sodium 2-methyl-4-chloropropionate and butoxyethyl 2-methyl-4-chloropropionate, purified 2-methyl-4-chloropropionic acid (mecoprop-P), purified 2-methyl-4-chloropropionate butoxyethyl ester, purified 2-methyl-4-chloropropionate dimethylammonium, purified 2-methyl-4-chloropropionate-2-ethylhexyl ester and purified 2-methyl-4-chloropropionate potassium, mefenacet, mefluidide, mesosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl Mesotrione, methabenzthiazuron, metam, metamifop, metamitron, metazachlor, metazosulfuron, methabenzthiazuron, methiopyrsulfuron, methiozolin, 2-({2-[(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl}carbonyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione, methyl isothiocyanate isothiocyanate), 1-methyl-4-[(3,3,4-trimethyl-1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiophene-5-yl)carbonyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-ylpropane-1-sulfonate, metobromuron, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron-methyl Herbicides include: molinat, monolinuron, monosulfuron, monosulfuron-ester, MT-5950 (N-[3-chloro-4-(1-methylethyl)-phenyl]-2-methylpentanamide), NGGC-011, napropamide, NC-310 (benzyloxy)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl](2,4-dichlorophenyl)-methyl ketone, neburon, nicosulfuron, and nonanoic acid (pelargonic acid).Norflurazon, oleic acid (fatty acid), orbencarb, orthosulfamuron, oryzalin, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefon, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, paraquat dichloride, pebulate, pendimethalin, penoxsulam, pentachlorphenol, penoxazone, pethoxamid, petroleum oils), phenmedipham, picloram, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperophos, pretilachlor, primisulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, prodiamine, profoxydim, prometon, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, propisochlor, propoxy-c Arbazone), propoxycarbazone-sodium, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, pyraclonil, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrasulfotole, pyrazolynate (pyrazolate), pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyrazoxyfen, pyribambenz, pyribambenz-isopropylPyribambenz-propyl, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyridafol, pyridate, pyriftalid, pyriminobac, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimi-sulfan, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulam, dichloroquine Quinclorac, quinmerac, quino-clamine, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, QYM-201, QYR-301, rimsulfuron, saflufenacil, sethoxydim, siduron Simazine, simetryn, SL-261, sulcotrion, sulfentrazone, sulfometuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, SYN-523, SYP-249 (i.e., 1-ethoxy-3-methyl-1-oxobut-3-en-2-yl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate), SYP-300 (i.e., 1-[7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro) -2H-1,4-benzoxazine-6-yl]-3-propyl-2-thioxoimidazolidine-4,5-dione), 2,3,6-TBA, TCA, TCA-sodium, tebuthiuron, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tepraloxydim, terbacil, terbucarb, terbumeton, terbuthylazin, terbutryn, tetflupyrolimet,The following herbicides are listed: thienylchlor, thiazopyr, thiencarbazone, thiencarbazone-methyl, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb, tiafenacil, tolpyralate, toramezone, tralkoxydim, triafamone, tri-allate, and etherbenzylchlor. Triasulfuron, triaziflam, tribenuron-methyl, triclopyr, trietazine, trifloxysulfuron, triflusulfuron-methyl, tritosulfuron, urea sulfate, vernolate, and ZJ-0862 (i.e., 3,4-dichloro-N-{2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]benzyl}aniline).

[0171] The active ingredient is preferably a suicide fungal agent selected from the categories described above: (1) inhibitors of respiratory chain complexes, particularly azoles; (2) inhibitors of respiratory chain complex I or II; (3) inhibitors of respiratory chain complexes; (4) inhibitors of mitosis and cell division; (6) compounds that can induce host defense; (10) inhibitors of lipid and membrane synthesis; and (15).

[0172] Preferably, at least one active ingredient as a fungicide is selected from trifloxystrobin, bixafen, prothioconazole, inpyrfluxam, isoflucypram, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluoxapiprolin, and isotianil.

[0173] The insecticide is preferably selected from the categories described above: (2) GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, (3) sodium channel modulators / voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, (4) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive activators, (23) acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, (28) reniform base receptor modulators, and (30) other active ingredients.

[0174] Preferably, at least one active ingredient in the insecticide is selected from spirotetramat, tetraliprole, ethiprole, imidacloprid, deltamethrin, flupyradifuron, and spidoxamat.

[0175] Finally, and preferably, the active ingredient as the herbicide is selected from triafamone, thiencarbazone-methyl, and more preferably in combination with the safeners isoxadifen-ethyl and cyprosulfamat.

[0176] Even more preferably, the active ingredient is selected from trifloxystrobin, bixafen, prothioconazole, inpyrfluxam, isoflucypram, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluoxapiprolin, isotianil, spirotetramat, tetraliprole, ethiprole, imidacloprid, deltamethrin, flupyradifurone, spidoxamat, triafamone, tembotrione, thiencarbazone-methyl, isoxadifen-ethyl, and cyprosulfamat.

[0177] All of the specified active ingredients described above can exist in the form of free compounds, or—if their functional groups are capable of doing so—in the form of their agriculturally active salts.

[0178] In addition, where applicable, intermediate forms as well as stereoisomers or enantiomers should be included, as these modifications and polymorphic modifications are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0179] Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, solid agrochemically active compounds a) should be understood to refer to all substances conventionally used for plant treatments that have a melting point above 20°C.

[0180] Drift reducer a)

[0181] Suitable drift reducing agents are poly(ethylene oxide), wherein the average molecular weight of the polymer is preferably 50 to 12 million g / mol, more preferably 75 to 10 million g / mol and most preferably 1 million to 8 million g / mol, hydroxypropyl guar gum, and vegetable oils and esters and diesters of vegetable oils (including esters with glycerol and propylene glycol).

[0182] Particularly preferred are methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, butyl, hexyl and ethylhexyl esters.

[0183] More preferably, the vegetable oil and ester are selected from methyl oleate, methyl palmitate, rapeseed oil methyl ester, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, ethylhexyl palmitate, ethylhexyl oleate, a mixture of ethylhexyl myristate / ethylhexyl laurate, ethylhexyl laurate, a mixture of ethylhexyl caprylate / ethylhexyl decanoate, diisopropyl adipate, coconut oil propylene glycol diester, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, soybean oil, rice bran oil, olive oil, peanut oil, a mixture of caprylic and caprylic triglycerides, and a mixture of decanoyl glycerides and capryloyl glycerides.

[0184] Methyl esters of vegetable oils are particularly preferred, with rapeseed oil methyl esters being the most preferred.

[0185] Mineral oil is also suitable as a drift reducer.

[0186] Rainwater erosion resistant additive (b):

[0187] Suitable rain-resistant additives are acrylic-based emulsion polymers or polymer dispersions and styrene-based emulsion polymers or polymer dispersions, d) being aqueous polymer dispersions having a Tg of -100°C to 30°C, preferably -60°C to 20°C, more preferably -50°C to 10°C, and most preferably -45°C to 5°C, such as Acronal V215, Acronal 3612, Licomer ADH 205, and Atplus FA. Licomer ADH 205 and Atplus FA are particularly preferred.

[0188] Preferably, the polymer is selected from acrylic polymers, styrene polymers, vinyl polymers and their derivatives, polyolefins, polyurethanes and natural polymers and their derivatives.

[0189] More preferably, the polymer is selected from acrylic polymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymers, carboxyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, acetoacetyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol, diacetone-modified polyvinyl alcohol and silicone-modified polyvinyl alcohol, isopropylene-maleic anhydride copolymers, polyurethane, cellulose, gelatin, casein, oxidized starch, starch-vinyl acetate graft copolymers, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and acetyl cellulose.

[0190] Most preferably, the polymer is selected from copolymers of acrylates and styrene, wherein the acrylate is selected from 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, isobutyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, or combinations thereof. The styrene is selected from styrene, tert-butylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, or combinations thereof.

[0191] In a preferred embodiment, the molecular weight of the polymer described above does not exceed 40,000, preferably not exceeding 10,000.

[0192] In a preferred embodiment, polymer D is an emulsion polymer as described in WO 2017 / 202684.

[0193] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of many polymers is known and, unless otherwise defined, is determined in this invention according to ASTM E1356-08 (2014) "Standard Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry", wherein the sample is dried at 110°C for one hour prior to DSC to eliminate the influence of water and / or solvents, the DSC sample amount is 10-15 mg, and measurements are taken at 20°C / min from -100°C to 100°C under N2. Tg is defined as the midpoint of the transition region.

[0194] Absorption enhancer (d)

[0195] Absorption enhancers can also be selected from the following compounds:

[0196] Other suitable absorption enhancers are alcohol ethoxylates, preferably selected from ethoxylated alcohols, propoxy-ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated carboxylic acids, propoxy-ethoxylated carboxylic acids, or ethoxylated monoglycerides, diglycerides, or triglycerides (which contain a fatty acid having 8-18 carbon atoms and an average of 5-40 EO units). The ethoxylated or propoxy-ethoxylated alcohols or carboxylic acids may optionally be further modified by adding a methyl group to the remaining alcohol functional group (see “Me-terminal”). According to d), the term “alcohol” refers to an alcohol that may be branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated, having 6-22 carbon atoms and optionally bearing additional substituents (e.g., OH groups). According to d), the term “carboxylic acid” refers to a carboxylic acid that may be branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated, having 6-22 carbon atoms and optionally bearing additional substituents (e.g., OH groups).

[0197] According to d), suitable components are, for example:

[0198] - Ethoxylated linear and / or branched fatty alcohols having 2-20 EO units (e.g., Clariant) X-type);

[0199] - Methyl-terminated, ethoxylated straight-chain and / or branched fatty alcohols containing 2-20 EO units (e.g., Clariant) XM type);

[0200] - Ethoxylated coconut alcohol containing 2-20 EO units (e.g., Clariant's) Type C);

[0201] - Ethoxylated C12 / 15 alcohols containing 2-20 EO units (e.g., Croda's) Type A);

[0202] -Propoxy-ethoxylated alcohols, branched or straight-chain, such as Solvay. B / 848, Croda G5000, Levaco HOT 5902;

[0203] -Propoxy-ethoxylated fatty acids, Me-terminated, such as Lion. OC0503M;

[0204] - Alkyl ether citrate surfactants (e.g., Adsee CE series, Akzo Nobel);

[0205] - Alkyl polysaccharides (e.g., BASF) PG8107, PG8105; Croda 438, AL-2559, AL-2575);

[0206] -Ethoxylated glycerol monoesters or diesters, which contain fatty acids having 8-18 carbon atoms and an average of 10-40 EO units (e.g., Croda's). Product series);

[0207] - Castor oil ethoxylates containing an average of 5-40 EO units (e.g., Nouryon's) Clariant series EL series);

[0208] - Ethoxylated oleic acid containing 2-20 EO units (e.g.) (A and AP);

[0209] -Ethoxylated sorbitol fatty acid esters, which contain fatty acids having 8-18 carbon atoms and an average of 10-50 EO units (e.g. T, Tween series).

[0210] Other formulations (e):

[0211] e1, a suitable nonionic surfactant or dispersant (e1), refers to all such substances commonly used in agrochemical reagents, preferably polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block copolymers (preferably with a molecular weight greater than 6000 g / mol or a polyethylene oxide content greater than 45%, more preferably with a molecular weight greater than 6000 g / mol and a polyethylene oxide content greater than 45%), polyoxyethylene amine derivatives, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylates. In the examples mentioned above, the selected categories may optionally be phosphorylated, sulfonated, or sulfonated and neutralized with a base.

[0212] Possible anionic surfactants (e1) are all such substances commonly used in agricultural chemical reagents. Alkyl sulfonic acids or alkyl phosphoric acids, as well as alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and ammonium salts of alkyl aryl sulfonic acids or alkyl aryl phosphoric acids, are preferred. Another group of preferred anionic surfactants or dispersants are alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and ammonium salts of polystyrene sulfonic acid, salts of polyethylene sulfonic acid, salts of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid, salts of naphthalene-sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation products, salts of naphthalene sulfonic acid, phenol sulfonic acid, and formaldehyde condensation products, and salts of lignin sulfonic acid.

[0213] E2 rheology modifier is an additive that, when added to a formulation at a concentration that reduces the gravitational separation of dispersed active ingredients during storage, results in a significant increase in viscosity at low shear rates. For the purposes of this invention, a low shear rate is defined as 0.1 seconds. -1"and below", with "significantly increased" referring to a value greater than x2. Viscosity can be measured using a rotational shear rheometer.

[0214] For example, a suitable rheology modifier (e2) is...

[0215] - Polysaccharides, including xanthan gum, guar gum, and hydroxyethyl cellulose. Examples are...

[0216] G and 23, CX911 and 250 series.

[0217] - Clay, including montmorillonite, bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, synthetic lithium saponite, and lithium saponite. Examples are... R, Van B. 34, 38, CT, HC, EW, M100, M200, M300, S, M, W, 50. RD, - Pyrolytic silica and precipitated silica, examples are 200 twenty two.

[0218] Xanthan gum, montmorillonite clay, bentonite, and pyrolytic silica are preferred.

[0219] Suitable defoaming agents (e3) are all substances commonly used in agrochemicals for this purpose. Silicone oils and silicone oil formulations are preferred. An example is Bluestar Silicones. 426 and 432, Wacker's SRE and SC132, Silchem Foam-Clear by Basildon Chemical Company Ltd Momentive 1572, 1500 and 30 [Dimethylsiloxane and organosilicon, CAS No. 63148-62-9]. Preferred. 1572.

[0220] Suitable antifreeze agents (e4) are all substances that can typically be used in agricultural chemical formulations for this purpose. Suitable examples include propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, urea, and glycerin.

[0221] Other suitable formulation agents for E5 include antibacterial agents, colorants, pH adjusters, buffers, stabilizers, antioxidants, inert fillers, humectants, crystal growth inhibitors, and micronutrients. Examples include:

[0222] Possible preservatives include all substances commonly used in agricultural chemical formulations for this purpose. Suitable examples of preservatives are formulations containing 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one [CAS No. 26172-55-4], 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one [CAS No. 2682-20-4], or 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-(2H)-one [CAS No. 2634-33-5]. Examples that may be mentioned are... D7 (Lanxess) CG / ICP (Dow) SPX (Thor GmbH) and GXL (Arch Chemicals).

[0223] Possible colorants include all substances commonly used in agrochemicals for this purpose. Examples include titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide, blue pigments, brilliant blue FCF, red pigments, and permanent red FGR.

[0224] Possible pH adjusters and buffers are all substances commonly used in agrochemicals for this purpose. Examples include citric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na₂HPO₄), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄), and potassium hydrogen phosphate (K₂HPO₄).

[0225] Suitable stabilizers and antioxidants are all substances that can generally be used in agrochemical formulations for this purpose. Butylhydroxytoluene [3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, CAS No. 128-37-0] is preferred.

[0226] The carrier (f) is those carriers that are typically used in agricultural chemical formulations for this purpose.

[0227] carrierA carrier is a solid or liquid, natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance that is generally inert and can be used as a solvent. Carriers typically improve the application of compounds to, for example, plants, plant parts, or seeds. Examples of suitable solid carriers include, but are not limited to, ammonium salts, particularly ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium nitrate; natural rock powders (e.g., kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, palygorskite, montmorillonite, and diatomaceous earth); silica gel; and synthetic rock powders (e.g., finely crushed silica, alumina, and silicates). Examples of useful solid carriers that can typically be used to prepare granules include, but are not limited to, crushed and graded natural rocks (e.g., calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, and dolomite); synthetic granules of inorganic and organic powders; and granules of organic materials (e.g., paper, sawdust, coconut husks, corn cobs, and tobacco stems).

[0228] The preferred solid carrier is selected from clay, talc and silica.

[0229] Examples of suitable liquid carriers include, but are not limited to, water, organic solvents, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable solvents include polar and nonpolar organic chemical liquids, such as solvents from the following categories.

[0230] - Alcohols and polyols (which may also be optionally substituted, etherified and / or esterified, such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol or ethylene glycol, 2-ethylhexanol).

[0231] - Ethers, such as dioctyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, isosorbide dimethyl, acetone glycerol (solketal), cyclopentyl methyl ether; solvents provided by Dow in the Dowanol product line, such as Dowanol DPM, anisole, dimethyl polyethylene glycol of different molecular weight grades, dimethyl polypropylene glycol of different molecular weight grades, dibenzyl ether.

[0232] - Ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, cycloheptanone, acetophenone, phenylacetone).

[0233] - Lactate esters, such as methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, propyl lactate, butyl lactate, 2-ethylhexyl lactate, etc.

[0234] - (Poly)ethers, such as polyethylene glycol of different molecular weight grades and polypropylene glycol of different molecular weight grades.

[0235] - Unsubstituted and substituted amines

[0236] -Amides (such as dimethylformamide, or N,N-dimethyllactamide, or N-formylmorpholine, or fatty acid amides (e.g., N,N-dimethyldecanoamide or N,N-dimethyldec-9-enamide) and their esters)

[0237] - Lactams (e.g., 2-pyrrolidone, or N-alkylpyrrolidone, such as N-methylpyrrolidone, or N-butylpyrrolidone, or N-octylpyrrolidone, or N-dodecylpyrrolidone or N-methylcaprolactam, N-alkylcaprolactam).

[0238] - Lactones (such as γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, δ-valerolactone, or α-methylγ-butyrolactone) - Sulfones and sulfoxides (such as dimethyl sulfoxide).

[0239] - Nitriles, such as straight-chain or cyclic alkyl nitriles, especially acetonitrile, cyclohexanonitrile, octanonitrile, and dodecanonitrile).

[0240] - Straight-chain and cyclic carbonates, such as diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate, dioctyl carbonate, or ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butyl carbonate, glyceryl carbonate.

[0241] Water is the preferred carrier.

[0242] These sprays are applied by conventional methods, such as spraying, pouring or injecting, especially by spraying, and most particularly by spraying via UAV.

[0243] The application rate of the formulation of the present invention can vary within a relatively wide range. It is determined by the specific active agrochemical and its amount in the formulation.

[0244] The formulations of the present invention allow for the delivery of active agricultural chemicals to plants and / or their habitats in a particularly advantageous manner.

[0245] The present invention also relates to the use of the agrochemical compositions of the present invention for applying the contained agrochemically active compounds to plants and / or their habitats.

[0246] The formulations of this invention can be used to treat all plants and plant parts. Plants herein refer to all plants and plant populations, such as desired and unwanted wild or crop plants (including naturally occurring crop plants). Crop plants can be plants obtained through conventional breeding and optimization methods or through biotechnological and genetic engineering methods or a combination of these methods, including transgenic plants and cultivars that may or may not be protected by plant variety rights. Plant parts refer to all above-ground and below-ground parts and organs of a plant (e.g., buds, leaves, flowers, and roots; an exemplary list includes leaves, needles, stems, trunks, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits, and seeds, as well as roots, tubers, and rhizomes). Plant parts also include harvested material as well as material propagated asexually and sexually.

[0247] It is worth emphasizing in this document the particularly advantageous effects of the formulations of the present invention with respect to their use in cereal plants such as wheat, oats, barley, spelt wheat, rye, and corn, millet and foxtail millet, rice, sugarcane, soybean, sunflower, potato, cotton, rapeseed, canola, tobacco, beet, forage beet, asparagus, hops, and fruit plants (including pome fruits (e.g., apples and pears), stone fruits (e.g., peaches, nectarines, cherries, plums, and apricots), citrus fruits (e.g., oranges, grapefruits, limes, lemons, kumquats, tangerines, and seedless mandarins), nuts (e.g., pistachios, almonds, walnuts, and pecans), tropical fruits (e.g., mangoes, papayas, pineapples, dates, bananas, and grapes) and vegetables (including leafy vegetables (e.g., chicory, wild lettuce, and Florence fennel for salad use)). This includes fennel, lettuce, romaine lettuce, Swiss chard, spinach, and chicory; cabbage (e.g., cauliflower, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, kale (L.) (convaracephala var. sabellica L.) (curly kale, feathered cabbage, kohlrabi, red cabbage, white cabbage, and crème brûlée); fruit vegetables (e.g., eggplant, cucumber, pepper, squash, tomato, zucchini, and sweet corn); root vegetables (e.g., celery, turnip, including yellow cultivars Raphanus sativus var. niger and Raphanus sativus var. radicula), beetroot, scorzonera, and celery); legumes (e.g., peas and soybeans); and allium vegetables (e.g., leeks and onions).

[0248] According to the present invention, the treatment of plants and plant parts with the formulation of the present invention is carried out directly by conventional treatment methods, or by applying the formulation to their environment, habitat or storage area, such conventional treatment methods being, for example, by impregnation, spraying, evaporation, atomization, sowing or smearing, and for propagating materials, especially seeds, by single or multiple coatings.

[0249] The active agrochemicals contained therein produce better biological activity than when applied in the corresponding conventional formulations.

[0250] Unless otherwise defined in this application, molecular weight refers to weight-average molecular weight Mw, which is determined by GPC in dichloromethane at 25°C using polystyrene as a standard.

[0251] Bill of Materials

[0252] Table MAT1: Exemplary trade names and CAS numbers of preferred drift-reducing materials – polymers (b)

[0253]

[0254] Table MAT2: Preferred Drift Reduction Materials a) – Exemplary Trade Names and CAS Numbers of Oils

[0255]

[0256]

[0257] Table MAT5: Exemplary Trade Names of Preferred Rainwater Erosion Reduction Materials (b)

[0258]

[0259] Table MAT4: Exemplary trade names and CAS numbers of preferred absorption-enhancing compounds (d)

[0260]

[0261] Table MAT6: Exemplary trade names and CAS numbers of preferred compound e)

[0262]

[0263]

[0264] Experimental methods

[0265] Method 1: Preparation method of the formula

[0266] The components are added to the container in the following order under stirring until homogeneous: carrier and other formulations (e), rain-resistant additive (b), absorption-enhancing additive (d), and then drift-reducing additive (a).

[0267] Method 2: Instructions for Greenhouse Tests of Fungicides

[0268] Seeds were placed in plastic pots filled with peat moss (T), covered with soil, and cultured in a greenhouse under optimal growing conditions. Two to three weeks after sowing, at the one- to two-leaf stage, the test plants were treated. Different concentrations of test fungicide formulations were prepared and sprayed onto the plant surface using different water application rates: 200 l / ha as the standard routine application rate and 15 l / ha as the ultra-low volume (ULV) application rate. All applications used TeeJet TP 8002E nozzles at 2 bar and a height of 500-600 mm above the plant level. The cereal plants were placed at a 45° angle, as this best reflects the spraying conditions of the cereal in the field. The ULV application rate was achieved by using a pulse width modulation (PWM) system connected to the nozzle and track sprayer assembly at 30 Hz, with an opening of 8%–100% (10 l / ha–200 l / ha spray volume).

[0269] In the protective treatment, test plants were inoculated with the corresponding disease one day after spraying and placed in a greenhouse under optimal growing conditions for 1 to 2 weeks. The activity of the fungicide formulation was then visually evaluated.

[0270] Under treatment conditions, plants are first inoculated with the disease and then treated with a fungicide formulation 1-3 days later. Visual assessment of the disease is performed 3-9 days (dat) after application of the formulation.

[0271] The methods of vaccination are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0272] Table M5: Diseases and crops used in the experiment.

[0273]

[0274] Method 3: Leaf rinsing

[0275] Apple or corn leaf sections were attached to glass microscope slides. Droplets of different formulations, ranging from 0.9 to 1.4 μl, were applied using a micropipette. These formulations were diluted at a spray dilution in deionized water containing 5% CIPAC C and a small amount of fluorescent tracer (Tinopal OB as a micron-sized aqueous suspension), and allowed to dry for 1 hour. The leaf deposits were imaged using a digital camera under UV irradiation (365 nm). The leaf sections were then placed under a slow flow of deionized water (approximately 300 ml / min, 10 cm below the tap outlet) for 15 seconds. The leaf sections were allowed to dry, and the deposits were re-imaged and compared with the original images. The amount of active ingredient washed away was visually assessed to be between 5 (maximum residue) and 1 (maximum removal). Measurements were taken in three or more replicates, and the average value was recorded.

[0276] Method 4: Coverage (Pipette)

[0277] As shown in Tables 1a and 1b, these experiments were conducted using greenhouse plants in their developmental stage. Droplets of 1.4 μl of a spray containing a small amount of fluorescent tracer (Tinopal OB as a micron-sized aqueous suspension) were pipetted onto the top of the plant without touching the leaf surface and allowed to dry. Leaf deposits were imaged using a digital camera under UV irradiation (365 nm), and the area of ​​the deposits was measured using ImageJ software (www.fiji.com).

[0278] Method 5: Drifting Filter Paper Deposits

[0279] The formulation was diluted in water to the desired concentration using a small amount of fluorescent tracer (Tinopal SC), sprayed onto filter paper at a pressure of 2 bar through a TeeJet11002E nozzle, and the droplet size spectrum was measured using ImageJ.

[0280] The filter paper was photographed using a digital camera with a UV line [365nm] as the illumination source. In the image of the filter paper, the fluorescently labeled droplet deposits have a higher intensity than the filter paper and other background elements.

[0281] The image was processed using ImageJ software (www.fiji.com). First, the RGB image was split into red, green, and blue channels. Based on the intensity of the original image, only the green or blue channel was used for further analysis. Next, a "subtract background" algorithm was applied to the individual channel image to remove background noise, thereby improving the contrast between the droplet deposits and the background. Afterward, the software automatically generated and applied intensity thresholds to produce a binary image where the droplet deposits maintained maximum intensity, while the background, such as the filter paper itself, had zero intensity. Finally, a "watershed" algorithm was applied to the binary image to segment connected droplets in the image. All remaining and segmented objects were detected, and their positions and sizes were labeled. The size of each object represents the area of ​​each deposit, in μm. 2 .

[0282] The nozzle used in the spray test had a median diameter (VMD) of 210 μm for water. The median diameter (VMD) was determined by the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the droplet volume V, with droplets smaller than the VMD accounting for 50% of the total spray volume. Since there is no direct correlation between the deposition area obtained from the filter paper and the actual droplet size / volume, the VMD for water was used as a reference for readjusting the CDF of the formulation spray.

[0283] ImageJ analysis recorded the area (A) of each droplet deposited on the filter paper. The diameter of each deposit, dA, is calculated as (4A / π). 1 / 2 Estimate the droplet volume V estimate =π·d A 3 / 6. Using the estimated droplet volume Vestimate Plot the CDF of the basic formulation and estimate the droplet volume V. estimate The VMD of the basic formulation is calculated from the deposition area on the filter paper and is also obtained from the CDF curve. Assuming the basic formulation has a droplet size distribution similar to water, the size factor f = VMD is generated by matching the VMD of the basic formulation with the VMD of water. basic / VMD water Given the droplet deposition area A on the filter paper, the actual droplet diameter d = f·(4A / π) 1 / 2 The droplet volume V = π·d 3 / 6.

[0284] The cumulative distribution of droplet volume V for different formulations was plotted using a logarithmically scaled box plot. From each cumulative distribution curve, the percentage of droplets with a diameter less than 150 μm was calculated. The volume percentage of fine droplets corresponds to the degree of drift potential. Using the percentage of the base formulation (pbasic) as a reference, the relative difference between the percentage of the formulation with adjuvants (p) and the base formulation was calculated. The relative difference r = r = p / P basic • 100%. If the relative difference (r) is less than 100%, the formulation has a lower drift potential compared to the base formulation, and vice versa.

[0285] Method 6: Foam Durability

[0286] Foam persistence was determined according to CIPAC method MT 47.1, under the conditions of the formulation dosage rate and spray volume shown in each example, and foam was recorded after 1 minute and 3 minutes (www.cipac.org). Example

[0287] Example 1:

[0288] Table 1: Formulas 1.1 and 1.2.

[0289]

[0290] The preparation method used is based on method 1.

[0291] The following commercial products were used to test the auxiliary formulations 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3. SC and SC is produced by Bayer AG and contains 480 g / L of prothioconazole, used to control fungal diseases. WG is produced by Bayer AG and contains 500 g / kg of tebuconazole and 250 g / kg of trifloxystrobin, used to control fungal diseases.

[0292] product SC and WG disperses the spray in water at a rate of 1 / ha or kg / ha and a spray volume of l / ha, as indicated. SC and In the second dilution of WG, adjuvant formulations 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 according to the invention were added at a ratio of 0.1 l / ha, and this dilution was used for the following tests. For greenhouse biological trials, due to the performance differences between greenhouse and field, a lower ratio is usually required than in the field. This practice is well known in the industry.

[0293] greenhouse

[0294] Table 1.2: Bioactivity of Rudis SC against PUCCRT / wheat

[0295]

[0296] Method 2: Wheat, 3-day efficacy, 7-day evaluation.

[0297] The results showed that at spray rates of 15 L / ha and 200 L / ha, SC plus exemplary formulation 1.1 of the present invention shows better performance than alone. SC has higher efficiency.

[0298] Table 1.3: Bioavailability of Nativa WG to PUCCRT / wheat

[0299]

[0300] Method 2: Wheat, 3-day efficacy, 7-day evaluation. *Test error.

[0301] The results showed that at spray rates of 15 l / ha and 200 l / ha, WG plus exemplary formulation 1.1 of the present invention shows better performance than alone. WG has higher potency. Furthermore, it exhibits a surprisingly high difference at 15 l / ha.

[0302] Images of wheat plant leaf deposits after spraying are shown in Figure 1As expected with low spray volume application, it was shown that both Rudis SC and Rudis SC + exemplary formulation 1.1 of the present invention exhibited poor coverage at 15 l / ha. On wheat plants, as shown in Tables 1.4 and 1.5, surprisingly, both Rudis SC + exemplary formulation 1.1 of the present invention and Nativa WG + exemplary formulation 1.1 of the present invention showed higher biopotency, demonstrating surprisingly good biopotency of the active ingredient absorption through the absorption enhancer at low spray volume.

[0303] Blade washing

[0304] The rinsing was determined according to method 3.

[0305] Table 1.4: Blade Flushing Data

[0306]

[0307] Nativo WG is used at a rate of 0.16 kg / ha, and formulations 1.1 and 1.2 are used at a rate of 0.1 l / ha.

[0308] The results showed that the addition of formulations 1.1 and 1.2 according to the present invention reduced the amount of Nativa WG that was washed away. Furthermore, the best results were observed at a low spray rate of 15 l / ha.

[0309] drift

[0310] Drift was determined according to method 5.

[0311] Table 1.5: Drift Data

[0312]

[0313] Rudis SC is used at a rate of 0.104 l / ha, and formulations 1.1 and 1.3 are used at a rate of 0.1 l / ha.

[0314] The results show that formulation 1.1 containing methylated rapeseed oil (b) according to the present invention exhibits a smaller amount of driftable spray droplets smaller than 100 micrometers compared with reference formulation 1.3 without added oil.

[0315] Example 2:

[0316] Table 2.1: Formula 2.1.

[0317]

[0318] The preparation method used is based on method 1.

[0319] As in Example 1, using WG test additive formulation 2.1. WG is dispersed in water at a ratio of kg / ha and a spray volume of l / ha as indicated. Add the adjuvant formulation 2.1 according to the invention to a second dilution of Nativa WG at a ratio of 0.1 l / ha, and use this dilution for the following tests.

[0320] Pipetting and spreading test on blades

[0321] The size of the leaf deposits was determined according to method 4.

[0322] Table 2.2: Size of spray-diluted deposits of Native WG and adjuvant 2.1 on untextured apple leaves and textured soybean and rice leaves.

[0323]

[0324] Nativo WG is used at a rate of 0.16 kg / ha, and Formulation 2.1 is used at a rate of 0.1 l / ha.

[0325] The results show that Nativa WG + exemplary formulation 2.1 of the present invention exhibits greater leaf coverage compared to Nativa WG. Furthermore, formulation 2.1 shows greater coverage at 15 l / ha than at 200 l / ha.

[0326] blade surface

[0327] Tables M1a and M1b show the contact angles of water on textured and untextured blade surfaces.

[0328] Table M1a Plants with textured leaves

[0329]

[0330] Table M1b Plants with leaves without texture

[0331]

[0332] Examples of non-textured crops and plants include tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, carrots, celery, beets, beetroot, spinach, lettuce, soybeans, peas, clover, apples, pears, peaches, apricots, plums, mangoes, avocados, olives, citrus fruits, oranges, lemons, limes, grapes, figs, cucumbers, melons, watermelons, strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, sunflowers, pumpkins, soybeans (≥GS 16 (BBCH 16)), corn (≥GS 15 (BBCH 15)), and cotton.

[0333] Examples of textured crops and plants include garlic, onions, leeks, soybeans (≤GS 16 (BBCH 16)), oats, wheat, barley, rice, sugarcane, pineapple, bananas, flaxseed, lilies, orchids, corn (≤GS 15 (BBCH 15)), cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, rye, rapeseed, tulips, and peanuts.

[0334] Examples of weeds without texture include Abutilon theophrasti, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Datura stramonium, Galium aparine, Ipomoea purpurea, Polygonum lapathifolium, Portulacaoleracea, Senecio vulgaris, Sida spinosa, Sinapis arvensis, Solanum nigrum, Stellariamedia, Xanthium orientale, Cyperus rotundus, and Sorghum halepense.

[0335] Examples of textured weeds include Cassia obtusifolia, Chenopodium album, Agropyron repens, Alopecurus myosuroides, Apera spica-venti, Avena fatua, Brachiaria plantaginea, Bromos secalinus, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Poa annua, Setaria faberi, and Sorghum halepense.

Claims

1. An agricultural adjuvant composition for use in tank mixes with crop protection products, comprising the following components a) One or more drift-reducing components, b) One or more rain-resistant additives. d) One or more absorption enhancers, e) Other formulation agents, and f) Optionally, one or more carriers may be used to supplement the amount to 100%. in Component a) The drift-reducing component is selected from polyethylene oxide, vegetable oils, and esters and diesters of vegetable oils, wherein the average molecular weight of the polymer is 50 to 12 million g / mol, and the esters and diesters of the vegetable oils are selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, butyl, hexyl, and ethylhexyl esters. Component d) The absorption enhancer is selected from ethoxylated alcohols, propoxy-ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated carboxylic acids, propoxy-ethoxylated carboxylic acids, or ethoxylated monoglycerides, diglycerides, or triglycerides comprising a fatty acid having 8-18 carbon atoms and an average of 5-40 EO units, wherein the alcohol is branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated, having 6-22 carbon atoms and optionally carrying additional substituents, and the carboxylic acid is branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated, having 6-22 carbon atoms and optionally carrying additional substituents. Component b) The rain-resistant additive is an emulsion polymer or polymer dispersion with a Tg of -100°C to 30°C, wherein the polymer is a copolymer of acrylate and styrene, wherein the acrylate is selected from 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, acrylic acid, acrylamide, isobutyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate or combinations thereof, and the styrene is selected from styrene, tert-butylstyrene, p-methylstyrene or combinations thereof; and Component e) Other formulations include at least one antifreeze agent (e4), said antifreeze agent (e4) selected from propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and glycerin. Component a) exists in an amount of 4% to 20%. Component b) is present in an amount of 5% to 20%. Component d) is present in an amount of 35% to 55%, and Component e4 is present in amounts ranging from 10% to 35%.

2. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 1, wherein component d) the absorption enhancer is selected from ethoxylated coconut alcohol, ethoxylated branched alcohol, propoxy-ethoxylated alcohol, ethoxylated glycerol monoester or diester containing fatty acids having 8-18 carbon atoms and an average of 10-40 EO units, and ethoxylated oleic acid.

3. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component a) the drift-reducing ingredient is present in an amount of 5 to 15%.

4. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component b) the rain-resistant additive is present in an amount of 8 to 18%.

5. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component d) the absorption enhancer is present in an amount of 40 to 55%.

6. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component e) other formulations comprise at least one defoaming substance (e3) and at least one antifreeze agent (e4).

7. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising components a) to f) in amounts of the following: a) 4% to 20%, b) 5% to 20%, d) 35% to 55%, e1) 0 to 15% of a nonionic surfactant and / or an ionic surfactant, e2) 0 to 5% of a rheology modifier, e3) 0.01 to 1.5% of at least one defoaming agent, e4) 10 to 35% of at least one antifreeze agent. e5) 0 to 20% of other formulation agents, and f) The carrier is replenished to 100.

8. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 5 to 15% of component a).

9. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 8 to 18% of component b).

10. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 40 to 55% of component d).

11. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 0.5 to 12% of e1) a nonionic surfactant and / or an ionic surfactant.

12. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 11, comprising 1 to 10% of e1) a nonionic surfactant and / or an ionic surfactant.

13. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 0.1 to 4% of e2) a rheology modifier.

14. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 13, comprising 0.2 to 3% of e2) a rheology modifier.

15. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 0.05 to 1% of at least one antifoaming substance (e3).

16. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 15, comprising 0.1 to 0.5% of at least one antifoaming substance (e3).

17. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 15 to 35% of at least one antifreeze agent (e4).

18. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 7, comprising 0.01 to 12% of e5) other formulation agents.

19. The agricultural adjuvant composition of claim 18, comprising 0.05 to 8% of e5) other formulation agents.

20. The agricultural adjuvant composition according to claim 1 or 2, for application to plants or crops with textured leaf surfaces.

21. A barrel mix comprising the agricultural adjuvant composition of any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. The barrel blend of claim 21, wherein the barrel blend further comprises an active ingredient selected from trifloxystrobin, bixafen, prothioconazole, inpyrfluxam, isoflucypram, fluopicolide, fluopyram, fluoxapiprolin, isotianil, spirotetramat, tetraliprole, ethiprole, imidacloprid, deltamethrin, flupyradifuron, spidoxamat, triafamone, tembotrione, thiencarbazone-methyl, isoxadifen-ethyl, and cyprosulfamat.

23. A method of applying the barrel mix of claim 21 or 22 to plants and / or their habitats, wherein the barrel mix is ​​applied at a spray rate of 1 to 20 l / ha.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the tank mix is ​​applied at a spray rate of 2 to 15 l / ha.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the tank mix is ​​applied at a spray rate of 5 to 15 l / ha.

26. Use of an agricultural adjuvant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 20 or a barrel mix according to claim 21 or 22 in the application of agricultural chemical compounds to control pests, wherein the agricultural adjuvant composition or barrel mix is ​​applied to plants and / or their habitat by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle, an unmanned vehicle or a tractor equipped with a boom sprayer or rotary droplet applicator with conventional nozzles and pulse width modulation nozzles.

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