Low surface area carbon black and elastomeric compositions comprising the same

Abstract

Carbon black for elastomer compositions, and methods of making and using the same.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 127,100, filed December 17, 2020, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 270,333, filed October 21, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to carbon black having relatively low surface area, structure, and residue, elastomer compositions comprising the carbon black, and methods for preparing and using the carbon black and elastomer compositions. Compared to other carbon blacks, the elastomer compositions exhibit improved dispersibility, lower hysteresis, improved tear strength, cord adhesion, and fatigue life. Background Technology

[0004] Carbon black has long been used in elastomer compositions for reinforcement purposes, but improvements are needed in terms of dispersibility, hysteresis, and fatigue life. These and other needs are met by the compositions and methods disclosed herein. Summary of the Invention

[0005] For the purposes of this disclosure as embodied and broadly described herein, this disclosure relates, in one respect, to carbon black and methods of its manufacture and use.

[0006] On the one hand, the carbon black of the present invention has the following characteristics: (a) nitrogen surface area (NSA) is about 50 m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; (b) Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is approximately 50m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; (c) Iodine uptake value of about 50 mg / g to about 65 mg / g; (d) Oil uptake value (OAN) of about 50 cc / 100g to about 85 cc / 100g; and (e) Compression oil uptake value (COAN) of about 40 cc / 100g to about 85 cc / 100g.

[0007] On the other hand, the rubber composition of the present invention comprises (a) an elastomer in an amount of 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); and (b) carbon black in an amount of 35 to 75 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); wherein the carbon black has the following characteristics: a nitrogen surface area (NSA) of about 50 m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is approximately 50m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; Iodine uptake value is about 50mg / g to about 65mg / g; Oil uptake value (OAN) is about 50cc / 100g to about 85cc / 100g; and Compression uptake value (COAN) is about 40cc / 100g to about 85cc / 100g.

[0008] In another aspect, a method for preparing the rubber composition of the present invention comprises: (a) providing an elastomer in an amount of about 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); (b) providing carbon black in an amount of 35 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) to 75 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); and (c) mixing the elastomer and the carbon black to form an elastomer composition; wherein the carbon black has the following characteristics: a nitrogen surface area (NSA) of about 50 m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is approximately 50m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; Iodine uptake value is about 50mg / g to about 65mg / g; Oil uptake value (OAN) is about 50cc / 100g to about 85cc / 100g; and Compression uptake value (COAN) is about 40cc / 100g to about 85cc / 100g. Attached Figure Description

[0009] When with the attached Figure 1 Reading this document will help to better understand the foregoing invention and the following description of the present disclosure. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, the accompanying drawings show some, but not all, alternative embodiments. The present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and means shown. The following drawings (incorporated and forming part of the specification) help to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the oil absorption value (OAN) and nitrogen surface area (NSA) of an exemplary embodiment of the claimed carbon black (marked "CB A") compared to other commercially available ASTM carbon blacks and non-commercially available ASTM carbon blacks.

[0011] Figure 2 The IFM dispersion of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CBA”) in an elastomer composition is shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0012] Figure 3 The T5 scorch characteristics of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled "CBA") in an elastomer composition are shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0013] Figure 4The T90 scorch characteristics of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled "CBA") in an elastomer composition are shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0014] Figure 5 The Mooney viscosity characteristics of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled "CBA") in an elastomer composition are shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0015] Figure 6 The Shore A hardness of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CBA”) in the elastomer composition is shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0016] Figure 7 The static modulus of exemplary embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CBA”) in the elastomer composition is shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black (bars for each sample are LR, 100%, 200%, 300%).

[0017] Figure 8 The tensile strength of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CBA”) in an elastomer composition is shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0018] Figure 9 The extensibility at break of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled "CBA") in the elastomer composition is shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0019] Figure 10 The rebound at 25°C of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CB A”) in the elastomer composition is shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0020] Figure 11 The rebound at 60°C is shown for an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CB A”) in the elastomer composition compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0021] Figure 12 ARES dynamic data for an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CB A”) in an elastomer composition are shown compared to N326 grade and Raven L carbon black.

[0022] Figure 13ARES dynamic data of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention (labeled “CB A”) in an elastomer composition are shown compared with N326 grade and Raven L carbon black, which indicate that the maximum tan(δ) value of the composite is reduced by 15-20% compared with the N326 control.

[0023] Figure 14A The tensile fatigue life of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention in an elastomer composition is shown.

[0024] Figure 14B The extra tensile fatigue life of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention in an elastomer composition is shown.

[0025] Figure 15 The critical tear energy (Tc) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention in an elastomer composition is shown, indicating that the maximum tan(δ) of the composite is reduced by 15-20% compared with the N326 control.

[0026] Other aspects of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the following description, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure. The advantages of this disclosure will be realized and obtained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and illustrative only, and not intended to limit the claimed invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This disclosure can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description of the invention and the embodiments included therein.

[0028] Before the carbon blacks, compositions, articles, and methods of the present invention are disclosed and described, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, they are not limited to specific synthetic methods, or, unless otherwise stated, to specific reagents; therefore, variations are naturally possible. It should also be understood that the terminology used is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to be limiting. Although any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described may be used in the practice or testing of this disclosure, exemplary methods and materials are described here.

[0029] All publications are included in this article by way of citation to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with citing those publications.

[0030] A. Definition

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the practice or testing of this invention, exemplary methods and materials are described here.

[0032] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, references to “carbon black” or “elastomer” include mixtures of two or more types of carbon black or elastomers, respectively.

[0033] A range can be expressed as "about" a specific value, and / or "about" another specific value. When such a range is expressed, the other aspect includes both from one specific value and / or to another specific value. Similarly, when a value is expressed as an approximation using the antecedent "about," it should be understood that the specific value forms another aspect. It should be further understood that each endpoint of a range is significant both relative to and independent of the other endpoint. It should also be understood that there are multiple disclosed values, and that each value is disclosed as "about" that specific value, in addition to the value itself. For example, if the value "10" is disclosed, then "about 10" is also disclosed. It should also be understood that each unit between two specific units is also disclosed. For example, if 10 and 15 are disclosed, then 11, 12, 13, and 14 are also disclosed.

[0034] When the term “about” precedes a numerical value, the value may vary within ±10% unless otherwise specified.

[0035] The terms “optional” or “optionally” mean that the event or situation described below may or may not occur, and the description includes both the scenario in which the event or situation occurs and the scenario in which it does not occur.

[0036] “Nitrogen surface area (NSA)” and “Statistical thickness surface area (STSA)” refer to the nitrogen surface area and statistical thickness surface area as determined according to ASTM test method D6556, and are incorporated herein by reference.

[0037] "Iodine uptake value" refers to the iodine uptake value measured according to ASTM D1510.

[0038] "Oil Absorption Value (OAN)" refers to the oil absorption value measured according to ASTM D2414.

[0039] "Compression oil absorption value (COAN)" refers to the compression oil absorption value measured according to ASTM D3493.

[0040] "325 mesh water wash residue" refers to the residue value determined according to ASTM D1514.

[0041] "IFM Dispersion Index" refers to the dispersion index value determined according to D2663 (Method D).

[0042] "Mounney viscosity" refers to the viscosity value measured according to ASTM D412.

[0043] "Tear strength" refers to the tear strength value measured according to ASTM D624 CP.

[0044] "Cord bonding" refers to the cord bonding value measured according to D2229.

[0045] "Fatigue life" refers to the fatigue life value determined according to D4482 (e.g., at 65%, 100%, or 135% strain).

[0046] All of the above-mentioned ASTM methods are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, "phr" means parts per hundred parts of rubber, as is commonly understood and used in the rubber industry.

[0048] "A substantially identical reference composition" means a composition that is substantially identical (within ±10%) in all respects in terms of its components and the amounts of those components in phr, but wherein the carbon black of the present invention is replaced with ASTM N326 grade carbon black. On another aspect, "a substantially identical reference composition" means a composition that is substantially identical (within ±5%) in all respects in terms of its components and the amounts of those components in phr, but wherein the carbon black of the present invention is replaced with ASTM N326 grade carbon black. On yet another aspect, "a substantially identical reference composition" means a composition that is substantially identical (within ±2%) in all respects in terms of its components and the amounts of those components in phr, but wherein the carbon black of the present invention is replaced with ASTM N326 grade carbon black. On yet another aspect, "a substantially identical reference composition" means a composition that is substantially identical (within ±1%) in all respects in terms of its components and the amounts of those components in phr, but wherein the carbon black of the present invention is replaced with ASTM N326 grade carbon black. On the other hand, "substantially identical reference composition" means a composition that is identical in all respects (within the range of measurement error) in terms of the composition's components and the amounts of these components in phr, but in which the carbon black of the present invention is replaced with ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

[0049] What is disclosed are the components used to prepare the compositions of this disclosure and the compositions themselves to be used in the disclosed methods. These and other materials are disclosed, and it should be understood that when combinations, subsets, interactions, groups, etc., of these materials are disclosed, while specific references to every distinct individual and collective combination and arrangement of these complexes are not explicitly disclosed, each is specifically considered and described. For example, if a particular carbon black is disclosed and discussed, and many modifications that can be made to a number of materials including said carbon black are discussed, then every combination and arrangement of carbon blacks and possible modifications are specifically considered, unless specifically indicated to the contrary. Thus, if a class of carbon blacks A, B, and C and a class of carbon blacks D, E, and F are disclosed, and an example of a composite carbon black AD is disclosed, then each is considered individually and collectively, even if each is not mentioned separately, meaning that combinations AE, AF, BD, BE, BF, CD, CE, and CF are considered disclosed. Similarly, any subsets or combinations thereof are also disclosed. Thus, for example, subgroups of AE, BF, and CE would be considered disclosed. This concept applies to all aspects of this application, including but not limited to steps in methods of preparing and using the compositions. Therefore, if there are multiple implementable additional steps, it should be understood that each of these additional steps can be implemented together with any particular implementation or combination of implementations of the method.

[0050] Each of the disclosed materials is commercially available and / or its preparation method is known to those skilled in the art.

[0051] It should be understood that the disclosed compositions have certain functions. What is disclosed are certain structural requirements for performing the disclosed functions, and it should be understood that there are multiple structures that can perform the same function related to the disclosed structure, and these structures generally achieve the same result.

[0052] B. Carbon black

[0053] Carbon black is commonly used in the belt and ply areas of tires, as well as other dynamic rubber applications. Because the rubber components used in these applications typically bear fatigue loads, the rubber compounds should exhibit good fatigue life and resistance to crack propagation. Traditional ASTM N326 grade carbon black is often used to impart good tear strength to such compositions, but this grade of carbon black can be difficult to disperse adequately on a plant scale. Poor dispersion characteristics, in turn, lead to shortened fatigue life and increased hysteresis.

[0054] ASTM N326 grade carbon black has the following properties: (a) nitrogen surface area (NSA) is 78 m². 2 / g; (b) Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is 76m². 2 / g; (c) Iodine absorption value is 82 mg / g; (d) Oil absorption value (OAN) is 72 cc / 100g; and (e) Compression oil absorption value (COAN) is 68 cc / 100g, as described in ASTM D1765. The surface area (NSA) value and structure (OAN or COAN) value of ASTM N326 grade carbon black differ by more than 11%. Without being bound by any theory, it is now believed that this difference is to some extent the cause of poor dispersion properties, which in turn have other negative effects on mechanical properties.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in contrast, the surface area and structural values ​​(e.g., OAN) of exemplary embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention do not differ as much as those exhibited by ASTM N326 grade carbon black. Therefore, in several respects, carbon black can be described by percentage differences in different surface areas and structural values.

[0056] On the one hand, embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention show a difference between NSA and OAN or COAN of no more than 11%, for example, no more than 10%, no more than 9%, no more than 8%, no more than 7%, no more than 6%, no more than 5%, no more than 4%, no more than 3%, no more than 2%, or no more than 1%. On the other hand, embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention do not show a measurable difference (within the error range) between NSA and OAN or COAN.

[0057] Furthermore, embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention exhibit a difference of no more than 11% between statistical thickness surface area (STSA) and OAN or COAN, for example, no more than 10%, no more than 9%, no more than 8%, no more than 7%, no more than 6%, no more than 5%, no more than 4%, no more than 3%, no more than 2%, or no more than 1%. Furthermore, embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention do not exhibit a measurable difference (within the error range) between STSA and OAN or COAN.

[0058] Embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention can also be described by the difference between different surface area values ​​(i.e., NSA, STSA) and iodine uptake values. On one hand, the carbon black of the present invention exhibits a difference of no more than 18% between NSA and STSA, for example, no more than 18%, no more than 17%, no more than 16%, no more than 15%, no more than 14%, no more than 13%, no more than 12%, no more than 11%, no more than 10%, no more than 9%, no more than 8%, no more than 7%, no more than 6%, no more than 5%, no more than 4%, no more than 3%, no more than 2%, or no more than 1%. On another hand, embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention do not exhibit a measurable difference (within the error range) between NSA and STSA.

[0059] On another aspect, the carbon black of the present invention exhibits a difference of no more than 18% between NSA or STSA and iodine uptake value, for example, no more than 18%, no more than 17%, no more than 16%, no more than 15%, no more than 14%, no more than 13%, no more than 12%, no more than 11%, no more than 10%, no more than 9%, no more than 8%, no more than 7%, no more than 6%, no more than 5%, no more than 4%, no more than 3%, no more than 2%, or no more than 1%. On yet another aspect, embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention do not exhibit a measurable difference (within the error range) between NSA or STSA and iodine uptake value.

[0060] Furthermore, the maximum difference between any two of NSA, STSA, and iodine uptake value in the embodiments of the present invention does not exceed 18%, for example, not exceeding 18%, not exceeding 17%, not exceeding 16%, not exceeding 15%, not exceeding 14%, not exceeding 13%, not exceeding 12%, not exceeding 11%, not exceeding 10%, not exceeding 9%, not exceeding 8%, not exceeding 7%, not exceeding 6%, not exceeding 5%, not exceeding 4%, not exceeding 3%, not exceeding 2%, or not exceeding 1%. In another aspect, the carbon black of the present invention does not exhibit a measurable difference (within the error range) between NSA, STSA, and iodine uptake value.

[0061] On the one hand, the nitrogen surface area (NSA) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be approximately 50 m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g. Furthermore, the nitrogen surface area (NSA) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention may be approximately 55 m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g. On the other hand, the nitrogen surface area (NSA) of the carbon black of the present invention can be approximately 57.1 m². 2 / g, or about 52 to about 62m 2 / g, or about 55 to about 59m 2 / g.

[0062] On another note, the statistical thickness surface area (STSA) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be approximately 50 m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g. On the one hand, the statistical thickness surface area (STSA) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be about 55m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g. On the other hand, the statistical thickness surface area (STSA) of the carbon black of the present invention can be approximately 57.3m². 2 / g, or about 52 to about 62m 2 / g, or about 55 to about 59m 2 / g.

[0063] On one hand, the iodine uptake value of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 50 mg / g to about 65 mg / g. On another hand, the iodine uptake value of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 55 mg / g to about 65 mg / g. On yet another hand, the iodine uptake value of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 64.1 or from about 60 to about 70, or from about 62 to about 66 mg / g.

[0064] On one hand, the oil absorption value (OAN) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 50 cc / 100g to about 85 cc / 100g. On the other hand, the oil absorption value (OAN) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 65 cc / 100g to about 75 cc / 100g. On the other hand, the oil absorption value of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 75.2 cc / 100g, or from about 65 to about 85, from about 70 to about 80, or from about 73 to about 77 cc / 100g.

[0065] On one hand, the compressive oil absorption value (COAN) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 40 cc / 100g to about 85 cc / 100g. On another hand, the compressive oil absorption value (COAN) of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 65 cc / 100g to about 75 cc / 100g. On yet another hand, the compressive oil absorption value of the carbon black of the present invention can be from about 70.7 cc / 100g, from about 60 to about 80, from about 65 to about 75, or from about 68 to about 73 cc / 100g.

[0066] On one hand, the 325-mesh water washing residue of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention may be less than about 125 ppm, for example, 0-124 ppm. On another hand, the 325-mesh water washing residue of an exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention may be less than about 100 ppm, for example, 0-99 ppm. On yet another hand, the 325-mesh water washing residue of the carbon black of the present invention may be about 50 ppm, or about 1 to about 49 ppm, about 0 to about 20 ppm, about 8 to about 16 ppm, or less than about 15 ppm. On yet another hand, the 325-mesh water washing residue of the carbon black of the present invention may be about 25 ppm, or about 1 to about 24 ppm, about 0 to about 20 ppm, about 8 to about 16 ppm, or less than about 15 ppm.

[0067] On the other hand, the 325-mesh water washing residue of the carbon black of the present invention may be about 12 ppm, or about 1 to about 30 ppm, about 0 to about 20 ppm, about 8 to about 16 ppm, or less than about 15 ppm.

[0068] On the other hand, the ash content of the carbon black of the present invention may be about 0.11%, or about 0.01 to about 0.4%, about 0.03 to about 0.25%, or less than about 0.2%, or less than about 0.15%.

[0069] On the other hand, the hue of the carbon black of the present invention can be about 87.7% ITB, about 80 to about 95, about 84 to about 92, or about 86 to about 90% ITB. On the other hand, the transmittance of the carbon black of the present invention can be about 99.4%, about 98 to 100, about 98.5 to 100, about 99 to 100, or about 99 to about 99.9%.

[0070] On the other hand, the pH of the carbon black of the present invention may be about 9.8, or about 8.5 to about 11, about 9 to about 11, or about 9.4 to about 10.2. On the other hand, the sulfur content of the carbon black of the present invention may be about 1.21%, about 0.8 to about 1.6%, about 1 to about 1.4%, less than about 1.5%, or less than about 1.3%.

[0071] In another aspect, exemplary embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention may have a primary particle size and / or surface area between those of ASTM N300 and ASTM N500 series carbon blacks.

[0072] On the other hand, the carbon black of the present invention can be used in the belt and ply regions of tires. Since these tire components typically withstand fatigue loads, the rubber compounds used in these components require good fatigue life and resistance to crack propagation. Conventional ASTM N326 grade carbon black can impart good tear strength to these components, but it is difficult to disperse on a factory scale. This poor dispersibility leads to shortened fatigue life and increased hysteresis.

[0073] In several respects, the carbon black of this invention can have a coarser particle size under the same iso-structure compared to ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

[0074] In one specific aspect, exemplary embodiments of the carbon black of the present invention have the following characteristics: (a) a nitrogen surface area (NSA) of approximately 55 m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g; (b) The statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is approximately 55m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g; (c) Iodine absorption value of about 55 mg / g to about 65 mg / g; (d) Oil absorption value (OAN) of about 65 cc / 100g to about 75 cc / 100g; (e) Compressed oil absorption value (COAN) of about 65 cc / 100g to about 75 cc / 100g; and (f) 325 mesh water washing residue of less than about 100 ppm, for example, less than about 50 ppm, less than about 40 ppm, less than about 30 ppm, less than about 20 ppm, less than about 15 ppm, or less than about 10 ppm.

[0075] In several respects, the carbon black of this invention exhibits superior in-rubber properties compared to conventional ASTM N326 grade carbon black, including improved dispersibility, reduced hysteresis (15-20%) at equivalent dynamic stiffness, and extended fatigue life (up to 2 times or more). This benefit can be attributed in several ways to the increased particle size, which reduces the filler network and the amount of undispersed carbon black crack precursors.

[0076] Therefore, in several respects, the carbon black of the present invention exhibits a lower surface area than N326, resulting in better dispersibility, lower hysteresis, and longer fatigue life. In other respects, the carbon black of the present invention has low residue. Furthermore, compared to ASTM N326 grade carbon black, the carbon black of the present invention has a 15-20% lower tan(δ) and / or improved fatigue life.

[0077] C. Elastomer Composition

[0078] Another aspect of this disclosure relates to elastomeric (e.g., rubber) compositions comprising the carbon black of the present invention. Typically, a rubber composition may comprise at least one elastomer and any of the carbon blacks described above.

[0079] On one hand, the rubber composition comprises: an elastomer in an amount of 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); and carbon black in an amount of 35 to 75 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); wherein the carbon black has the following characteristics: a nitrogen surface area (NSA) of about 50 m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is approximately 50m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; Iodine uptake value is about 50mg / g to about 65mg / g; Oil uptake value (OAN) is about 50cc / 100g to about 85cc / 100g; and Compression uptake value (COAN) is about 40cc / 100g to about 85cc / 100g.

[0080] On the other hand, the 325-mesh water washing residue of carbon black in the rubber composition, which is in an amount of 35 to 75 parts per 100 parts of rubber (phr), is less than about 100 ppm. On the other hand, the 325-mesh water washing residue of carbon black in the rubber composition, which is in an amount of 35 to 75 parts per 100 parts of rubber (phr), is less than about 25 ppm.

[0081] On the one hand, the nitrogen surface area (NSA) of carbon black in rubber compositions with a content of 35 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) to 75 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) is approximately 55 m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g. On the other hand, the statistical thickness surface area (STSA) of carbon black in rubber compositions with a content of 35 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) to 75 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) is approximately 55 m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g. On the other hand, the iodine uptake value of carbon black in rubber compositions of 35 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) to 75 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) is about 55 mg / g to about 65 mg / g.

[0082] On the one hand, the oil absorption value (OAN) of carbon black in rubber compositions comprising 35 to 75 parts per 100 parts of rubber (phr) is approximately 65 cc / 100g to approximately 75 cc / 100g. On the other hand, the compression oil absorption value (COAN) of carbon black in rubber compositions comprising 35 to 75 parts per 100 parts of rubber (phr) is approximately 65 cc / 100g to approximately 75 cc / 100g.

[0083] In one specific aspect, carbon black in rubber compositions at amounts of 35 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) to 75 parts / 100 parts rubber (phr) has the following characteristics: (a) a nitrogen surface area (NSA) of approximately 55 m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g; (b) The statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is approximately 55m². 2 / g to approximately 65m 2 / g; (c) Iodine absorption value of about 55 mg / g to about 65 mg / g; (d) Oil absorption value (OAN) of about 65 cc / 100g to about 75 cc / 100g; (e) Compressed oil absorption value (COAN) of about 65 cc / 100g to about 75 cc / 100g; and (f) 325 mesh water washing residue of less than about 100 ppm, for example, less than 10 ppm.

[0084] Any suitable elastomer may be present in the rubber composition. Non-limiting examples include natural rubber (NR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), synthetic polyisoprene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, or any blends or combinations thereof. Any of the above elastomers may be present alone or in combination in the rubber composition at an amount of 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). In another aspect, the elastomer includes natural rubber (NR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), or any blends or combinations thereof. In yet another aspect, the elastomer comprises natural rubber (NR) in an amount of 40 to 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) in an amount of 0 to 60 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). In yet another aspect, the elastomer comprises natural rubber (NR) in an amount of 40 to 50 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) in an amount of 50 to 60 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). On the other hand, the elastomer contains natural rubber (NR) in an amount of 50 parts per hundred parts rubber (phr) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) in an amount of 50 parts per hundred parts rubber (phr).

[0085] On the one hand, the rubber composition exhibits the same or better properties as a substantially identical reference composition, but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black. On the other hand, the IFM dispersion index exhibited by the compositions of the present invention is at least 5% higher than that exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition, but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black, for example, 5% to 60% higher than that exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition, for example, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 50%, 57%, 58%, or 60% higher than that exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition. On yet another hand, the IFM dispersion index exhibited by the compositions of the present invention is 5% to 60% higher than that exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition.

[0086] On the one hand, the Mooney viscosity value exhibited by the composition of the present invention differs from that of a substantially identical reference composition in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black by less than 10%, for example, by a variation of 0-9.5%, such as by less than 9%, less than 8%, less than 7%, less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, or the same as the Mooney viscosity value exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition.

[0087] On the one hand, the Shore A hardness value exhibited by the composition of the present invention differs from that of a reference composition which is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black by less than 5%, for example, by a variation of 0-4.5%, for example, by less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, or the same as that of a substantially the same reference composition.

[0088] On the one hand, the modulus exhibited by the compositions of the present invention, measured at 100% to 300% tensile strength, differs from that of a reference composition that is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black by less than 5%, for example, a variation of 0-4.5%, for example, a difference of less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, or the same as the reference composition. On the other hand, the tensile strength exhibited by the compositions of the present invention differs from that of a reference composition that is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black by less than 5%, for example, a variation of 0-4.5%, for example, a difference of less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, or the same as the reference composition.

[0089] On the one hand, the elongation at break exhibited by the composition is less than 5% different from that of a reference composition which is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black, for example, a variation of 0-4.5%, for example, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1% or the same as that of a substantially the same reference composition.

[0090] Furthermore, the hysteresis indication value exhibited by the compositions of the present invention is at least 10% lower than that exhibited by substantially the same reference compositions in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black, for example, 10% to 50% lower, such as 10%, 15%, or 20% lower, than that exhibited by substantially the same reference compositions. Furthermore, the hysteresis indication value exhibited by the compositions of the present invention is 10% to 20% lower than that exhibited by substantially the same reference compositions.

[0091] On the one hand, the tear strength value exhibited by the composition of the present invention is the same as or up to 40% higher than that of a reference composition that is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black. On the other hand, the cord bonding value exhibited by the composition of the present invention is the same as or up to 60% higher than that of a reference composition that is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black. Furthermore, the fatigue life value exhibited by the composition of the present invention is the same as or up to 60% higher than that of a reference composition that is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

[0092] Articles comprising any of the rubber compositions of the present invention are also disclosed. Non-limiting examples include any rubber used in dynamic environments (such as tires, rotating belts, etc.).

[0093] D. Method

[0094] The invention also describes a method for preparing the rubber composition. In one aspect, the method comprises: (a) providing an elastomer in an amount of about 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); (b) providing carbon black in an amount of 35 to 75 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); and (c) mixing the elastomer and the carbon black to form an elastomer composition; wherein the carbon black has the following characteristics: a nitrogen surface area (NSA) of about 50 m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is approximately 50m². 2 / g to approximately 70m 2 / g; iodine absorption value of about 50 mg / g to about 65 mg / g; oil absorption value (OAN) of about 50 cc / 100g to about 85 cc / 100g; and compression oil absorption value (COAN) of about 40 cc / 100g to about 85 cc / 100g. Furthermore, the carbon black used in the method and / or in the rubber composition prepared according to the method may have any or all of the above-described properties and characteristics.

[0095] It should be understood that the elastomers used in the disclosed methods may comprise any of the elastomers described above. It should be further understood that these elastomers may be present in any amount described herein to provide a rubber composition exhibiting the disclosed properties. Similarly, any oxidized carbon black described herein may be used in any disclosed amount to prepare a rubber composition exhibiting the disclosed properties.

[0096] It should be further understood that the rubber compositions of the present invention can be prepared using any type of mixing. In some aspects, the mixing step comprises reactive mixing. In other aspects, the mixing step comprises conventional steps of mixing components. In yet another aspect, the mixing step comprises blending. In some aspects, the mixing step forms a homogeneous composition.

[0097] It should be understood that rubber compositions obtained by the currently disclosed methods can exhibit any or all of the properties disclosed above. Furthermore, this document describes articles prepared from rubber compositions that can be produced by the methods of the present invention.

[0098] E. Example

[0099] The following embodiments further illustrate the present disclosure. The scope of the disclosure and claims is not limited to the scope of the following embodiments.

[0100] An embodiment of the carbon black (labeled "CBA") of the present invention is described in Table 1 below, compared with N326 grade carbon black and Raven L carbon black.

[0101] Table 1.

[0102]

[0103] Exemplary embodiments of the rubber composition of the present invention can be prepared according to the loading and method parameters shown in Tables 2-3.

[0104] Table 2.

[0105] NR SMR CV60 100 N326 50 Zinc oxide 5 stearic acid 3 Sulfur (RM-90) 2.5 TBBS 0.6

[0106] 1.6L Banbury Laboratory Mixer

[0107] Tangential blades.

[0108] Table 3.

[0109]

[0110] Figure 2 An exemplary embodiment of the carbon black of the present invention prepared according to the method parameters in Tables 2-3 is shown in the IFM dispersion in an elastomer composition, compared with N326 grade and Raven L carbon black. Figure 3 The T5 scorch characteristics of the same rubber composition are shown. The T90 scorch characteristics of the same rubber composition are shown below. Figure 4 Mooney viscosity characteristics are shown in Figure 5 Shore A hardness values ​​are shown in... Figure 6 The static modulus data are shown in Figure 7 Tensile strength is shown in Figure 8 The elongation at break characteristics were plotted on [date / time]. Figure 9 The rebound percentage at 25°C is shown in... Figure 10 The rebound percentage at 60°C is shown in... Figure 11 ARES dynamic data for rubber compositions containing the carbon black of the present invention are shown in [the table / document]. Figure 12 This shows a decrease in the Payne effect, consistent with the rebound data. ARES dynamic data for the rubber composition were plotted on [date missing]. Figure 13 This showed that, compared to the N326 control, the maximum tan(δ) of the composite was reduced by 15-20%. The tensile fatigue life of the rubber composition is shown in... Figure 14A -B, which demonstrates an increase in fatigue life relative to the control. The critical tear energy (Tc) of the rubber composition is shown in... Figure 15 .

[0111] The detailed composition of the rubber composition prepared according to Table 2-3 is shown in Table 4 below.

[0112] Table 4.

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] The mechanical and other properties of the compositions described in Table 4 are listed in Table 5 below.

[0116] Table 5.

[0117]

[0118] 1 The IFM dispersion index was tested on the material mixed in an 80-liter Banbury internal mixer. Four rounds of mixing were performed: 3.5 minutes each, round 1 at 45 rpm, round 2 at 35 rpm, round 3 at 35 rpm, and round 4 at 30 rpm. After each round of mixing, five samples were removed from the raw material, crosslinked by soaking in hydrogen peroxide solution overnight, and then compressed into sheets for IFM analysis. The IFM dispersion index was collected for each of the five samples collected from each round of mixing. The reported values ​​are numerical averages.

[0119] 2G” values ​​were collected using an ARES G2 rotational rheometer at 10 Hz and 60°C, with dynamic strain scans ranging from 0.1% to 62.5% of the single strain amplitude, and an average strain of zero. The specimens were cylindrical with a diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of approximately 2 mm, formed from stamped vulcanized composite sheets and bonded to the rheometer's parallel plates using Loctite 480 adhesive. During testing, a slightly compressive normal force of 100 g was applied to the cylinders. Strain scans were performed by pre-treating the specimens six times at specified dynamic strain amplitudes prior to collecting torque-time data. This process was repeated from low to high strain amplitudes. Tests were performed in duplicate, and the numerical average was reported.

[0120] 3 The test was conducted at 60°C.

[0121] 4 The aging conditions are as follows: 100℃, 2 weeks.

[0122] 5 The reported values ​​are Weibull characteristic life parameters determined by fitting fatigue life data of 12 specimens collected at various tensile strain amplitudes using a Weibull distribution. The tests were conducted at room temperature.

[0123] The features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, and all such features and advantages are covered by the claims. Many variations will appear to those skilled in the art, and any equivalent variations to those described in this disclosure fall within the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the concepts upon which this disclosure is based can serve as a basis for designing other methods and systems to achieve some of the objectives of this disclosure. Therefore, the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope to the description or embodiments.

Claims

1. Carbon black with the following properties: a) Nitrogen surface area (NSA) is 55 m² 2 / g to 59 m 2 / g; b) Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is 55 m² 2 / g to 59 m 2 / g; c) Iodine uptake value is 62 mg / g to 66 mg / g; d) Oil absorption value (OAN) is 73 cc / 100g to 77 cc / 100g; and e) Compression absorbance (COAN) ranges from 68 cc / 100g to 73 cc / 100g.

2. The carbon black according to claim 1, wherein the 325-mesh water washing residue is less than 100 ppm.

3. The carbon black according to claim 1, wherein the 325-mesh water washing residue is less than 25 ppm.

4. The carbon black according to claim 1, having the following characteristics: a) Nitrogen surface area (NSA) is 55 m² 2 / g to 65 m 2 / g; b) Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is 55 m² 2 / g to 65 m 2 / g; c) Iodine uptake value is 55 mg / g to 65 mg / g; d) Oil absorption value (OAN) is 65 cc / 100g to 75 cc / 100g; e) Compression absorbance (COAN) is 65 cc / 100g to 75 cc / 100g; and f) 325 mesh water washing residue less than 100 ppm.

5. The carbon black according to claim 4, wherein the 325-mesh water washing residue is less than 25 ppm.

6. An elastomer composition comprising at least one elastomer in an amount of 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) and carbon black as described in claim 1 in an amount of 35 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) to 75 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr).

7. An elastomer composition comprising: a) An elastomer, in the amount of 100 parts per hundred parts rubber (phr); and b) Carbon black, in amounts of 35 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) to 75 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). The carbon black described herein has the following characteristics: nitrogen surface area (NSA) of 55 m². 2 / g to 59 m 2 / g; Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is 55 m². 2 / g to 59 m 2 / g; iodine uptake value of 62 mg / g to 66 mg / g; oil uptake value (OAN) of 73 cc / 100g to 77 cc / 100g; oil uptake value (COAN) of 68 cc / 100g to 73 cc / 100g; and 325 mesh water washing residue of less than 25 ppm.

8. The elastomer composition according to claim 7, wherein the elastomer comprises natural rubber (NR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), synthetic polyisoprene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, or any blend or combination thereof.

9. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the elastomer comprises natural rubber (NR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), or any blend or combination thereof.

10. The elastomer composition of claim 9, wherein the elastomer comprises natural rubber (NR) in an amount of 40 to 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) in an amount of 0 to 60 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr).

11. The elastomer composition of claim 10, wherein the elastomer comprises natural rubber (NR) in an amount of 40 to 50 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) and polybutadiene rubber (BR) in an amount of 50 to 60 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr).

12. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the composition exhibits an IFM dispersion index that is at least 5% higher than that of a substantially identical reference composition in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

13. The elastomer composition of claim 12, wherein the composition exhibits an IFM dispersion index that is 5% to 60% higher than that exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition.

14. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the Mooney viscosity value exhibited by the composition differs by less than 10% from that of a reference composition which is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

15. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the difference in Shore A hardness value between the composition and a reference composition which is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black is less than 5%.

16. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the modulus exhibited by the composition at 100% to 300% tensile strength is less than 5% different from that of a reference composition in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

17. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the tensile strength exhibited by the composition differs by less than 5% from that exhibited by a reference composition which is substantially the same but wherein the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

18. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the difference in elongation at break between the composition and a reference composition which is substantially the same but in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black is less than 5%.

19. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the hysteresis indication value exhibited by the composition is at least 10% lower than that exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition in which the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

20. The elastomer composition of claim 19, wherein the hysteresis indication value exhibited by the composition is 10% to 20% lower than that exhibited by a substantially identical reference composition.

21. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the tear strength value exhibited by the composition is the same as or up to 40% higher than that of a reference composition which is substantially the same but wherein the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

22. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the cord bonding value exhibited by the composition is the same as or up to 60% higher than that of a reference composition which is substantially the same but wherein the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

23. The elastomer composition of claim 7, wherein the fatigue life value exhibited by the composition is the same as or up to 60% higher than that of a reference composition which is substantially the same but wherein the carbon black is replaced by ASTM N326 grade carbon black.

24. A rubber article comprising the elastomeric composition of claim 7.

25. A method for preparing an elastomer composition, comprising: a) Provide an elastomer in quantities of 100 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); b) Provide carbon black in quantities ranging from 35 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) to 75 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr); and c) The elastomer and the carbon black are mixed to form an elastomer composition; The carbon black described herein has the following characteristics: nitrogen surface area (NSA) of 55 m². 2 / g to 59 m 2 / g; Statistical thickness surface area (STSA) is 55 m². 2 / g to 59 m 2 / g; Iodine uptake value is 62 mg / g to 66 mg / g; Oil uptake value (OAN) is 73 cc / 100g to 77 cc / 100g; and Compressed oil uptake value (COAN) is 68 cc / 100g to 73 cc / 100g.

Images