Spreader with elements for heat dissipation

Abstract

The invention relates to a pump system with a spacer (2). The spacer (2) is arranged between a pump housing (1) and a motor housing (4). An element (9) for increasing the surface area is arranged at the spacer (2) for heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pump system with a spacer arranged between the pump housing and the motor housing. Background Technology

[0002] Such a pump system can be, for example, a centrifugal pump system. The operating principle of a centrifugal pump is that energy is transferred to the fluid through eddy currents caused by the torque generated from the uniformly rotating impeller and the fluid flowing through it.

[0003] Centrifugal pumps are mostly driven by electric motors. Besides this electric drive, piston motors are also used as drivers in centrifugal pump technology. Here, the electric motor produces a uniform torque. An electric motor is an electromechanical transducer that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Depending on the form of available electrical energy, DC motors, AC motors, or three-phase motors are used. Here, electrical energy is typically converted into rotational motion.

[0004] The electric motor driving a centrifugal pump is usually connected to the pump at a certain distance via a spacer. Here, the motor drive shaft passes centrally through openings in two flanges or covers for mounting to the motor and the pump housing. The spacer is typically made by casting.

[0005] For example, such a spacer and a corresponding manufacturing method are described in EP 1038611A2. The type and number of connecting pieces described enable a particularly stable spacer configuration.

[0006] When a pump system is used to transport high-temperature fluids, a high heat input occurs from the pump casing towards the motor. This can cause various problems for the motor. The high temperature reduces the efficiency of energy conversion. Motor components, especially the stator and rotor windings, are subjected to thermal loads, which shortens their lifespan. The rotor magnets may also be damaged. For pump systems with integrated power electronics, the heating of the electronic components is particularly critical. For these reasons, motor regulators must sometimes reduce power consumption and speed to prevent the motor and / or power electronics from overheating, thus preventing the pump from operating within its desired range.

[0007] A common attempt is to achieve a large distance between the hot pump housing and the motor using exceptionally long spacers, thus avoiding the listed problems. However, this large distance also means a larger pump system size, preventing it from being installed in arbitrary locations. Furthermore, a large distance results in a long drive shaft, requiring proper support to handle imbalances that may occur during operation. This can potentially increase vibration throughout the system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of this invention is to provide a spacer as a connecting element between a pump housing and a drive motor. This connecting element should be able to dissipate heat dissipated from the pump housing as effectively as possible when conveying hot fluid, and conduct heat only minimally in the direction of the motor and / or power electronics. Furthermore, the connecting element should be characterized by a compact construction. The design of the connecting element should facilitate the replacement of replacement parts. The connecting element should be simple and cost-effective to implement.

[0009] According to the invention, this objective is achieved by a pump system having a spacer. Preferred variations can be found in the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings.

[0010] According to the invention, elements for increased surface area for heat dissipation are arranged on the spacer of the pump system, the spacer being positioned between the pump housing and the motor housing. The elements of the increased surface area are ideally designed as cooling ribs to optimize heat dissipation of the spacer. The cooling ribs are designed as plates and / or trapezoids and / or triangles and / or arcs and / or annular shapes. Due to the optimized heat dissipation of the spacer, the pump housing and motor housing, which would otherwise have high temperatures due to the transport of hot fluid, are almost thermally decoupled.

[0011] The optimized heat dissipation of the distance controller is achieved through its advantageous structure. The motor system's fan generates a cooling airflow that cools the fins of the motor housing and then flows through the distance controller. Here, the distance controller is constructed such that its inner diameter remains constant along the length of the distance controller base, while its outer diameter increases. In this particularly advantageous manner, the cooling airflow flows over the cooling fins of the distance controller and effectively dissipates heat. Simultaneously, the distance controller's structure guides the cooling airflow away from the pump housing, thus exhibiting reduced flow resistance towards the pump housing.

[0012] In a variation of the invention, the outer diameter of the spacer base is increased toward the pump side, thereby improving the flow pattern of the cooling airflow generated by the motor fan. Lower flow resistance means higher flow velocity, which in turn helps improve heat dissipation in the motor housing and the spacer.

[0013] According to a variation of the invention, the spacer is designed to be rotationally symmetric. The symmetrical construction of the spacer facilitates optimized guidance of the cooling airflow and enhances heat dissipation. The symmetrical design of the spacer also advantageously supports thermal decoupling between the pump housing and the motor housing.

[0014] In a variant of the invention, the element, which is implemented as an enlarged surface of a cooling rib, is arranged on the hollow cylindrical base of the spacer.

[0015] The spacer preferably has an opening on its side, which is preferably implemented as a window. For installation purposes, this can be used for shaft accessibility and / or for the inflow of cooling air and / or for increasing the thermal resistance of the spacer.

[0016] The spacer advantageously connects the pump housing and motor housing directly. In principle, no other components are needed to establish this connection. This reduction in the number of components largely contributes to lower manufacturing costs.

[0017] In one variation of the invention, the spacer is implemented as a multi-part unit. This can be achieved, for example, using detachable blades and / or cooling ribs and / or through a split construction of the spacer. Furthermore, a solution with different sleeves that can be pushed to overlap each other, with cooling ribs arranged on the outer sides of the sleeves, is also conceivable.

[0018] According to the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the spacer material is less than 40 W / m·K, preferably less than 20 W / m·K, and especially less than 10 W / m·K.

[0019] The spacer is preferably made of gray cast iron, aluminum, or stainless steel.

[0020] The spacer can be manufactured using casting or 3D printing.

[0021] Ideally, the thermal conductivity of the cooling fins is greater than 150 W / m·K, especially greater than 200 W / m·K, and preferably greater than 250 W / m·K.

[0022] The increased surface area of ​​the components is specifically designed as a guide element for directing the cooling airflow. This optimized guidance of the cooling airflow improves heat dissipation from the pump housing into the spacer.

[0023] According to one design of the invention, the element with increased surface area is axially oriented. The axial orientation of the cooling ribs reduces flow resistance while facilitating the overflow of cooling airflow, resulting in particularly ideal heat dissipation for the spacer.

[0024] In a variation of the invention, the elements with increased surface area are advantageously oriented radially. This orientation allows the cooling airflow to be directed through the pump housing in a flow-optimized manner, while simultaneously achieving efficient heat dissipation of the spacer. This preferably achieves thermal decoupling between the pump housing and the motor housing.

[0025] Ideally, the spacer has elements with increased surface area. These elements can be designed in the form of cooling ribs. Increasing the surface area of ​​the spacer promotes thermal decoupling between the pump housing and the motor housing. Here, the elements with increased surface area are designed in the form of cooling ribs in the form of plates and / or trapezoids and / or triangles and / or arcs and / or rings.

[0026] The spacer is preferably designed in a cylindrical and / or funnel shape. This spatial design is particularly advantageous for achieving additional cooling of the spacer through the cooling airflow generated by the motor fan. In alternative variations of the invention, the spacer can also be designed in a conical and / or cuboid shape.

[0027] In a variation of the invention, the spacer is integrated with the pressure cover on the motor side of the pump housing and / or with the motor cover on the pump side. Therefore, the spacer can advantageously be implemented in a particularly compact manner, realizing a pump system with dimensions that can also be applied to installation sites with limited space.

[0028] According to the present invention, the spacer is designed as a bearing housing on the pump side and / or the motor side. This results in a particularly compact construction of the spacer and, at the same time, a reduction in the amount of assembly work due to the reduction in the number of parts.

[0029] Advantageously, window-shaped cutouts can be arranged in the spacer to allow cooling airflow to enter the spacer for shaft cooling. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Other features and advantages of the invention can be derived from the description of embodiments based on the accompanying drawings and from the drawings themselves.

[0031] This is shown here:

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit according to the prior art is shown.

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with elements having an enlarged surface area is shown.

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with an arc-shaped element having an enlarged surface area is shown.

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with a funnel-shaped spacer and increased surface area is shown.

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with a funnel-shaped spacer and an arc-shaped element with an enlarged surface is shown.

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with radially oriented, enlarged surface components is shown.

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a centrifugal pump unit with elements having an enlarged surface area is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit according to the prior art is shown. A spacer 2 is arranged between the pump housing 1 and the motor housing 4 and connects them to each other. The centrifugal pump shown in this embodiment is used to transport fluids that may have high temperatures in certain situations.

[0040] Fluid enters the pump casing 1 of the centrifugal pump through the suction port 7. An impeller is arranged inside the pump casing 3. The impeller transfers kinetic energy to the fluid, which exits the centrifugal pump through the pressure connector 8. The space filled by the fluid and the impeller is defined by the pump casing 1 and the casing cover. The impeller is rotatably fixed to a shaft, which is driven by a motor system. The motor system includes motor electronics 3, a rotor, a stator, a shaft, a motor cover on the pump side, and a motor casing 4. Bearing housings that support the bearings are arranged in the motor cover.

[0041] The fan impeller 6, arranged on the shaft, axially draws in cooling airflow through the fan housing 5 for overflow from the motor housing 4 and for flow through the space between the motor housing 4 and the motor electronics 3. Figure 1 The cooling airflow, as indicated by the arrow, overflows through the spacer 2 and impacts the pump housing 1. This negatively affects the flow pattern of the cooling airflow and reduces heat dissipation.

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with an enlarged surface element 9 is shown. In this embodiment of the invention, the enlarged surface element 9 is designed as a cooling rib. The cooling rib extends axially along the length of the base of the spacer 2 and is arranged on the outer side of the hollow cylindrical spacer 2. According to the invention, the width of the axial cooling rib is greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 2 mm, particularly greater than 3 mm, and / or less than 14 mm, preferably less than 12 mm, particularly less than 10 mm. The height of the axial cooling rib is greater than 3 mm, preferably greater than 5 mm, particularly greater than 7 mm, and / or less than 50 mm, preferably less than 45 mm, particularly less than 40 mm.

[0043] In this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the spacer material is less than 40 W / m·K, preferably less than 20 W / m·K, and especially less than 10 W / m·K, and the thermal conductivity of the cooling ribs is greater than 150 W / m·K, especially greater than 200 W / m·K, and preferably greater than 250 W / m·K. The base of the spacer 2 is preferably made of gray cast iron, aluminum, or stainless steel.

[0044] According to the invention, the element 9 with the increased surface area is axially oriented. While reducing flow resistance, the axial orientation of the cooling ribs promotes the overflow of cooling airflow, as indicated by the arrows in the figures, and results in particularly ideal heat dissipation for the spacer 2.

[0045] In addition, a window-shaped cutout 10 is arranged in the spacer 2 to allow cooling airflow to enter the spacer interior to cool the shaft.

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with arcuate elements 9 having enlarged surfaces is shown. Multiple elements 9 with enlarged surfaces are arranged on the base of the spacer 2. In this embodiment, the elements with enlarged surfaces are designed as arcuate, or curved, cooling ribs. The dimensions of the cooling ribs correspond to... Figure 2 The cooling airflow generated by the fan impeller 6 overflows through the cooling ribs of the motor housing 4, and then flows through the cooling ribs of the spacer 2. Due to the arc-shaped shape of the cooling ribs of the spacer 2, the cooling airflow undergoes a process of... Figure 3 The arrow indicates a deflection and a non-perpendicular impact on the pump housing 1. This improves the overall flow pattern of the cooling airflow and enhances the heat dissipation performance of the spacer 2 and the motor housing 4.

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit is shown, featuring a funnel-shaped spacer 2 and an element 9 with an enlarged surface. The funnel shape of the embodiment of the spacer 2 is optimized for flow, particularly in relation to the cooling airflow generated by the fan impeller 6. Figure 4 The cooling airflow, indicated by the arrow, does not impact the pump housing 1 perpendicularly, but is guided across the pump housing 1 through the funnel shape of the spacer 2. This flow optimization results in a higher flow velocity of the cooling airflow, thereby improving heat dissipation of the element 9 with its enlarged surface arranged axially on the spacer 2. Simultaneously, the increased heat dissipation surface of the spacer 2 further enhances its heat dissipation performance.

[0048] In a variant of the invention, the funnel-shaped spacer 2 can also be designed asymmetrically to ideally form the overflow of the asymmetrically designed pump housing 1. Here, the shape of the spacer 2 is adapted to the shape of the pump housing 1.

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with a funnel-shaped spacer 2 and an arc-shaped element 9 with an enlarged surface is shown. The spacer 2 shown in this embodiment largely corresponds to... Figure 4 The spacer 2 is located in the pump housing. Furthermore, the element 9 with its enlarged surface is designed in the form of arc-shaped cooling ribs. This guides the cooling airflow, as indicated by the arrow, across the pump housing 1, simultaneously generating vortices that improve heat dissipation.

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a centrifugal pump unit with a spacer 2 is shown, in which the elements 9 of the enlarged surface are radially oriented. The spacer 2 has a plurality of radially arranged elements 9 of the enlarged surface, which in this embodiment are designed as radial cooling ribs. Figure 6 The base of the middle spacer 2 corresponds to Figure 2 The spacer 2 is located in the pump housing 1. In this embodiment, four cooling ribs are additionally arranged on the hollow cylindrical base. The cooling ribs have different heights, which increase in the direction toward the pump housing 1, so that the spacer 2 obtains a frustoconical shape through the cooling ribs.

[0051] According to the present invention, the width of the cooling rib ring is greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 2 mm, particularly greater than 3 mm, and / or less than 14 mm, preferably less than 12 mm, particularly less than 10 mm. Here, the minimum height of the cooling rib ring is greater than 3 mm, preferably greater than 5 mm, particularly greater than 7 mm, and / or less than 30 mm, preferably less than 25 mm, particularly less than 20 mm. Meanwhile, the maximum height of the cooling rib ring is greater than 20 mm, preferably greater than 25 mm, particularly greater than 30 mm, and / or less than 100 mm, preferably less than 90 mm, particularly less than 80 mm.

[0052] According to the invention, cooling ribs are arranged vertically on the spacer 2 at equal intervals, and the height of the cooling ribs increases symmetrically in the direction toward the pump housing 1. In an alternative variation of the invention, the cooling ribs are not arranged with equal intervals between them and / or are not oriented perpendicular to the spacer 2. Here, the orientation of the cooling ribs can be optimized for flow.

[0053] The material thickness of the spacer 2 is greater than 1 mm, preferably greater than 2 mm, especially greater than 3 mm, and / or less than 14 mm, preferably less than 12 mm, especially less than 10 mm.

[0054] In one embodiment of the invention, a cooling rib ring can be arranged on a sleeve that is fitted onto the hollow cylindrical base of the spacer 2.

[0055] The element 9, with its increased surface area, is advantageously oriented radially in the form of cooling ribs. This orientation optimizes the flow of cooling air through the pump housing 1 and simultaneously achieves effective heat dissipation of the spacer 2 through turbulence formation at each cooling ring. This preferentially achieves thermal decoupling between the pump housing and the motor housing.

[0056] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a centrifugal pump unit with an enlarged surface element 9 is shown, the enlarged surface element being designed in the form of a radially oriented cooling ring. Here, cooling airflow is guided through inlet channels always offset by 90° into the spacer 2 through a window 10 for cooling the drive shaft. The cooling rib ring has a break in the area of ​​the window 10 and is designed not to be perfectly rotationally symmetrical.

Claims

1. A pump system having a spacer (2) disposed between a pump housing (1) and a motor housing (4), characterized in that, An element (9) with an enlarged surface is arranged on the spacer (2) for heat dissipation. In the spacer (2), the inner diameter remains constant while the outer diameter increases along the length of the base. The outer diameter of the base of the spacer (2) widens toward the pump side, so that the cooling airflow generated by the motor can be guided over the pump housing (1). The element (9) that increases the surface area is arranged on the base of the spacer (2).

2. The pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump system is a centrifugal pump system.

3. The pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance measure (2) is designed to be rotationally symmetric.

4. The pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The distance stabilizer (2) is directly connected to the pump housing (1) and the motor housing (4).

5. The pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the element (9) with the increased surface area is greater than 150 W / m·K.

6. The pump system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the element (9) with the increased surface area is greater than 200 W / m·K.

7. The pump system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the element (9) with the increased surface area is greater than 250 W / m·K.

8. The pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the spacer (2) is less than 40 W / m·K.

9. The pump system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the spacer (2) is less than 20 W / m·K.

10. The pump system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thermal conductivity of the spacer (2) is less than 10 W / m·K.

11. The pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The element (9) with the increased surface area is designed as a guiding element for guiding cooling airflow and / or for reducing flow resistance.

12. The pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The element (9) with the enlarged surface is axially oriented.

13. The pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The element (9) with the enlarged surface is radially oriented.

14. The pump system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The elements (9) that increase the surface area are provided in multiple forms and are designed to be plate-shaped and / or trapezoidal and / or arc-shaped and / or triangular and / or ring-shaped.

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