Water diversion and sand prevention system and method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing

Abstract

The application discloses a water diversion and sand prevention system and method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing, and relates to the field of hydraulic engineering.The water diversion and sand prevention system comprises a water diversion, sand setting and sand flushing integrated channel arranged on one side of a river in a mountainous area, and the width of the sand setting and sand flushing channel gradually narrows from the upstream to the downstream of the river;the upstream of the sand setting and sand flushing channel is provided with a water diversion and sand flushing gate and a water diversion device, the water diversion and sand flushing gate is arranged close to the river, and the water diversion device is arranged away from the river;the downstream of the sand setting and sand flushing channel is provided with a sand discharge gate, a river blocking dam and a water diversion gate, the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are arranged on the two sides of the river blocking dam respectively, the river blocking dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate, and the sand discharge gate is arranged downstream of the water diversion gate;when water is diverted from the downstream to the upstream of the channel, the water diversion is in a reverse direction, at this time, the channel is a reverse slope and is widened, the water flow speed can be controlled, and the sediment in water can be settled;when sand is flushed from the upstream to the downstream of the channel, the sand flushing is in a forward direction, at this time, the sand flushing groove is a forward slope and the groove width is narrowed, the water flow speed can be increased, and the sand flushing efficiency can be improved.The application provides technical support for guaranteeing the power generation efficiency of a hydropower station, increasing the power generation benefit, reducing the dredging and maintenance cost and the like, has a wide application prospect, and has great economic benefit potential.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering, specifically to a water diversion and sand control system and method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing. Background Technology

[0002] Because mountain rivers generally have a large gradient, the sediment particles in the rivers are large, and the riverbed has a thick layer of boulders, water diversion projects built on mountain rivers need to be flushed regularly to remove the sediment accumulated in them.

[0003] Currently, silt accumulated in water diversion channels is removed using methods such as mechanical dredging, but this method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Therefore, how to efficiently and cost-effectively remove silt accumulated in water diversion projects is an important issue that the industry urgently needs to address. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a solution to the problems of time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly dredging methods in existing water diversion hub projects.

[0005] According to a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a water diversion and sand control system for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing, the system comprising:

[0006] A sedimentation and flushing channel is set up on one side of a river in a mountainous area, the width of which gradually narrows from the upstream to the downstream of the river.

[0007] The upstream of the sediment flushing channel is equipped with a water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river channel, and the water diversion device is located away from the river channel.

[0008] Downstream of the sediment flushing channel are a sand discharge gate, a river dam, and a water diversion gate. The river dam is horizontally placed in the river channel. The sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the river dam, and the river dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate.

[0009] The water diversion and flushing gate located upstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel and the water diversion gate located downstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel are the water diversion channels for the sedimentation and flushing channel.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the first embodiment of the first aspect, the bottom surface of the sediment flushing channel is set as a slope, the slope is a downslope along the direction of river flow and a downslope along the direction of water diversion, and the slope is widened.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the second embodiment of the first aspect, the bottom of the sedimentation and flushing channel is provided with a flushing trough. The width of the flushing trough gradually narrows from top to bottom and the bottom slope is a gentle slope, which can concentrate water to attack sand and improve the flushing efficiency.

[0012] According to a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a water diversion and sand control method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing, the method comprising:

[0013] An integrated sedimentation and flushing channel, combining water diversion, sedimentation, and flushing, is constructed on one side of a river in a mountainous area. The width of the sedimentation and flushing channel gradually narrows from upstream to downstream. Upstream of the channel, a water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device are installed. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river, while the water diversion device is located away from the river. Downstream of the channel, a sand discharge gate, a dam, and a water diversion gate are installed. The dam is horizontally positioned in the river, with the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate located on either side of the dam, separating them. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate.

[0014] Based on the sediment content of the water flowing from the upstream of the river, the scheduling scheme of the sediment flushing channel is determined.

[0015] When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion and sand flushing gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0016] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device by the water diversion gate for power generation;

[0017] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit stops, the scheduling scheme is as follows: open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the water diversion gate to flush the sediment and sand in order to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0018] The second preset value exceeds the first preset value.

[0019] In conjunction with the second aspect, in the first embodiment of the second aspect, the scheduling scheme is to determine the preset water flow rate based on the preset power generation efficiency when using the sediment flushing channel for power generation, and to determine the opening and closing degree of the water diversion channel according to the preset water flow rate.

[0020] In conjunction with the second aspect, in the second embodiment of the second aspect, when the scheduling scheme involves using a sediment flushing channel to remove silt, the scheduling scheme specifically includes:

[0021] Determine the gradation of the deposited silt;

[0022] The required flow velocity for removing silt and sand is determined based on the aforementioned gradation.

[0023] The required water flow rate for removing accumulated silt and sand is determined based on the flow velocity.

[0024] Based on the water flow rate, the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the degree of opening and closing of the water diversion gate are determined.

[0025] In conjunction with the second aspect and the second embodiment, in the third embodiment of the second aspect, determining the flow velocity required for removing silt and sediment based on the gradation specifically includes:

[0026] Based on the preset particle size on the gradation curve corresponding to the gradation, the starting flow velocity corresponding to the preset particle size is determined, and the starting flow velocity is used as the flow velocity required to remove silt and sand.

[0027] According to a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a water diversion and sand control device for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing, characterized in that the device comprises:

[0028] A hub construction module is used to construct an integrated sedimentation and flushing channel for water diversion, sedimentation, and flushing on one side of a river in a mountainous area. The width of the sedimentation and flushing channel gradually narrows from upstream to downstream. The upstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel is equipped with a water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river, while the water diversion device is located away from the river. The downstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel is equipped with a sand discharge gate, a dam, and a water diversion gate. The dam is horizontally positioned in the river. The sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the dam, and the dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate.

[0029] The scheme determination module is used to determine the scheduling scheme of the sediment flushing channel based on the sediment content of the water flowing from the upstream of the river.

[0030] When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion and sand flushing gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0031] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device by the water diversion gate for power generation;

[0032] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit stops, the scheduling scheme is as follows: open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the water diversion gate to flush the sediment and sand in order to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0033] The second preset value exceeds the first preset value.

[0034] According to a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the decoding method of the dual-excitation rotary transformer described in the first aspect or any preferred embodiment of the first aspect.

[0035] According to a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the decoding method for a dual-excitation rotary transformer as described in the first aspect or any preferred embodiment of the first aspect.

[0036] The present invention provides a water diversion and sand control system and method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing. This system utilizes a sedimentation and flushing channel for both reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing. The selected water diversion channel is determined based on the sediment content of the upstream water. When the upstream sediment content is high, the upstream water diversion and flushing gate and the downstream sand discharge gate are opened during generator shutdown periods to perform water-constricted flushing. This fully utilizes natural geographical advantages and water flow energy, increasing the flow capacity of the water diversion channel and reducing the sediment content passing through the generators. It can significantly reduce the sediment content of the water entering the water diversion channel or tunnel, and, based on the principle of water-constricted flushing, remove sediment accumulated in the sedimentation and flushing channel at a relatively low cost. This provides technical support for improving the power generation efficiency of hydropower stations, increasing power generation benefits, and reducing dredging and maintenance costs. It has broad application prospects and enormous economic potential. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a water diversion and sand control system with reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA;

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point BB

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a water diversion and sand control method based on an embodiment of this application, which involves reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water diversion and sand control device for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] River water is an important natural resource, and building water diversion projects on rivers is the main way to obtain water resources. At present, hydropower development on mountain rivers mostly adopts the lateral water diversion method. In this method, the headworks are constructed with dams and water intakes, and the water head is concentrated by setting up long water diversion channels. The water is then diverted into the power plant for power generation through high-pressure pipelines.

[0046] Because mountain rivers generally have a steep gradient, the sediment particles are large, and the riverbed has a thick layer of boulders. Especially during flood season, a large amount of bedload is stirred up, resulting in a considerable sediment load. When the sediment reaches the intake, the flow is diverted, reducing the sediment-carrying capacity. This leads to significant siltation in front of the intake and within the diversion canal, significantly weakening the canal's flow capacity. In some cases, this can even result in insufficient water flow for power generation, affecting the efficiency of power generation. Therefore, the proper handling of sediment is a crucial factor in the success of water diversion projects constructed on mountain rivers.

[0047] Currently, the silt accumulated in the water diversion canals is removed using mechanical dredging and other methods. However, this method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. For typical water diversion projects, when the amount of sand entering the canals is large during the flood season, measures such as shutting down the generators are taken to cope with the sand peak and prevent the generator blades from being rapidly eroded by a large amount of silt particles passing through the machines in a short period of time. This period provides an opportunity to use the principle of "water confinement to attack sand" to flush away the silt accumulated in the water diversion canals in the early stages.

[0048] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides a reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing system. This system aims to leverage natural geographical advantages and make full use of hydropower to ensure the normal operation of the water diversion hub project and remove silt accumulated in the hydropower station's water diversion canal. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water diversion and sand control system with reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the water diversion and sand flushing system specifically includes:

[0049] The sedimentation and flushing channel, integrated with other functions such as water diversion, sedimentation, and sediment flushing, is located on one side of the river channel, and its width gradually narrows from upstream to downstream. It should be noted that the river channel for which the sedimentation and flushing channel is constructed is a mountain river, exhibiting typical characteristics of mountain rivers such as steep slopes and rapid currents. Therefore, the sedimentation and flushing channel in this system is a water diversion hub project built on a steep and fast-flowing mountain river, and it fully utilizes the natural geographical advantage of the steep slope of the mountain river.

[0050] The upstream section of the sediment flushing channel is equipped with a water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river channel, while the water diversion device is located away from the river channel. In this embodiment of the invention, the water diversion device is configured as a water diversion channel or a water diversion tunnel.

[0051] The downstream section of the sediment flushing channel is equipped with a sand discharge gate, a river dam, and a water diversion gate. The river dam is placed horizontally on the river channel. On both sides of the river dam, there are sand discharge gates and water diversion gates respectively. The river dam separates the sand discharge gates and the water diversion gates. At the same time, the sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate in the downstream section of the sediment flushing channel.

[0052] The water diversion gate located upstream of the sediment flushing channel and the water diversion gate located downstream constitute the water diversion channel of the sediment flushing channel.

[0053] This system makes full use of natural geographical advantages and water flow energy. When the sediment content of the upstream water is low, it adopts a reverse water diversion method to meet the power generation needs of the water conservancy project. When the sediment content of the upstream water is high or during the power station shutdown, the water flow in the river is used to flush the silt accumulated in the diversion canal. This method can not only remove the silt accumulated in the diversion canal, but also reduce the cost of removing silt by utilizing the natural geographical advantages and water flow capacity of the mountainous area. It also increases the flow capacity of the diversion canal, reduces the silt content passing through the turbine, and delays the wear of the turbine blades.

[0054] Specifically, the system determines the water diversion channel based on the sediment content of the upstream water: when the sediment content is low, the water diversion and flushing gate is opened to directly divert water into the diversion canal or diversion tunnel to achieve the purpose of power generation; when the sediment content is high, the downstream water diversion gate is opened, and water is diverted from downstream to upstream into the diversion canal or diversion tunnel through the sediment flushing channel to achieve the purpose of power generation.

[0055] When the sediment content of the upstream water is high, the system takes advantage of the generator shutdown period to open the upstream water diversion and sand flushing gate and the downstream sand discharge gate to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0056] The present invention relates to a reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing system for water diversion and sand control. This system utilizes a sedimentation and flushing channel for both reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing. The selected water diversion channel is determined based on the sediment content of the upstream water. When the upstream sediment content is high, the upstream water diversion and flushing gate and the downstream sand discharge gate are opened during generator shutdown periods to perform water-constricted flushing. This system fully leverages natural geographical advantages and water flow energy, increasing the flow capacity of the water diversion channel and reducing the sediment content passing through the generators. It significantly reduces the sediment content of the water entering the water diversion channel or tunnel, and, based on the principle of water-constricted flushing, removes sediment accumulated in the sedimentation and flushing channel at a relatively low cost. This provides technical support for improving the power generation efficiency of hydropower stations, increasing power generation benefits, and reducing dredging and maintenance costs. It has broad application prospects and enormous economic potential.

[0057] Because the width of the sediment flushing channel gradually narrows from the upstream to the downstream of the river, when water is diverted from the downstream, the width of the sediment flushing channel widens, which can reduce the flow velocity, weaken the sediment-carrying capacity, accelerate the deposition of bedload and suspended sediment, and facilitate sediment settling, thereby significantly reducing the sediment content of the water entering the diversion channel or tunnel. When flushing sediment from the upstream, the width of the sediment flushing channel narrows, which can increase the flow velocity, facilitate sediment flushing, and flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0058] Please see Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment of the invention, the bottom surface of the sediment flushing channel is configured as a slope, which is a downslope along the direction of river flow and a reverse slope along the direction of water diversion, and the slope is widened. When the downstream water diversion gate or the upstream water diversion flushing gate is opened and water is diverted from bottom to top through the sediment flushing channel to the water diversion canal or water diversion tunnel, the slope forms a reverse slope, which can further reduce the flow velocity and sediment carrying capacity, effectively improve the sedimentation efficiency of sediment in the water, and better reduce the sediment content of the water entering the water diversion canal or water diversion tunnel.

[0059] Please see Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the sediment flushing channel is provided with a flushing trough, and the width of the flushing trough gradually narrows from top to bottom, which can improve the flushing efficiency of sediment settled at the bottom of the channel; when diverting water, it is beneficial to reduce the water flow velocity and sand carrying capacity, and increase the sedimentation of sediment in the water body; while when flushing sand, it is beneficial to increase the water flow velocity and sand carrying capacity, so as to achieve the function of constricting water to attack sand.

[0060] It should be noted that the water flow direction of the sedimentation and flushing channel is reverse from downstream to upstream, and the slope of the sedimentation and flushing channel is reverse slope and widened, which can control the water flow velocity and increase the sedimentation of sediment in the water. When flushing sediment in the channel, the water flow is downstream, and the flushing channel is downslope and narrowed, which can increase the water flow velocity and increase the scouring of sediment in the channel.

[0061] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment also provides a water diversion and sand control method that combines reverse water diversion with forward sand flushing. This system aims to leverage natural geographical advantages and make full use of hydropower to ensure the normal operation of the water diversion hub project and remove silt accumulated in the hydropower station's water diversion canal. Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a water diversion and sand control method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0062] S10. Construct a water diversion and sediment flushing channel on one side of a river located in a mountainous area. For details of this sediment flushing channel, please see [link to details]. Figures 1 to 3 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here.

[0063] S20. Based on the sediment content of the upstream water flow, determine the scheduling plan for the sediment flushing channel, more specifically:

[0064] When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the first scheduling scheme is adopted. The first scheduling scheme is to use the water diversion and sand flushing gate as a water diversion channel to divert water to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0065] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the second scheduling scheme is adopted. The second scheduling scheme is to use the water diversion gate as a water diversion channel to divert water to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0066] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit is shut down, the third dispatching scheme is adopted. The third dispatching scheme is to open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the water diversion gate to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0067] The second preset value exceeds the first preset value. Preferably, the first preset value can be a smaller value, and the second preset value can be a larger value.

[0068] The present invention relates to a water diversion and sand control method that combines reverse water diversion with forward sand flushing. This method utilizes a sedimentation and flushing channel for both reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing. The selected water diversion channel is determined based on the sediment content of the upstream water. When the upstream water has a high sediment content, the upstream water diversion and flushing gate and the downstream sand discharge gate are opened during generator shutdown periods to perform water-constricted flushing. This fully leverages natural geographical advantages and water flow energy, increasing the flow capacity of the water diversion channel and reducing the sediment content passing through the generators. It significantly reduces the sediment content of the water entering the water diversion channel or tunnel, and, based on the principle of water-constricted flushing, removes sediment accumulated in the sedimentation and flushing channel at a relatively low cost. This provides technical support for improving the power generation efficiency of hydropower stations, increasing power generation benefits, and reducing dredging and maintenance costs. It has broad application prospects and significant economic potential.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, both the first and second scheduling schemes utilize sediment flushing channels for power generation. When the first and second scheduling schemes are determined based on the sediment content of the upstream water, a preset water flow rate (i.e., the simulated water flow rate) is determined based on a preset power generation efficiency, and the opening and closing degree of the water diversion channel is determined according to the preset water flow rate. For example, the opening and closing degree of the corresponding gate is determined by querying the discharge capacity curves of the water diversion flushing gate or the water diversion gate.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, the third scheduling scheme is to remove sediment using a sediment flushing channel. When the scheduling scheme for the sediment flushing channel is determined to be the third scheduling scheme based on the sediment content of the upstream water, the third scheduling scheme specifically includes:

[0071] A10. Determine the gradation of the deposited silt. For example, the gradation of the silt deposited in the sediment flushing channel can be directly measured using instruments such as vibrating screens and laser particle analyzers.

[0072] A20. Determine the flow velocity required to remove silt and sediment based on the gradation. Specifically, this is based on a preset particle size (e.g., d) on the gradation curve corresponding to the gradation. 90 The starting flow velocity corresponding to the preset particle size is determined and used as the flow velocity required to remove accumulated silt and sand. The formula for calculating the starting flow velocity is:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, U C Indicates the initial velocity of sediment flow; γ S γ represents the bulk density of sediment; D represents the bulk density of clear water; h represents the sediment particle size; and h represents the water depth. It should be noted that all the above variables are in international standard units.

[0075] A30. Determining the required flow rate for removing silt based on flow velocity. Specifically, the relationship between flow velocity and water depth is determined using Manning's formula, and then the required flow rate for removing silt can be calculated using the continuity equation. The formula for calculating the flow rate is:

[0076] Q=(nJ -0. ) 1. BU C 2.

[0077] Where Q represents water flow rate; n represents roughness coefficient; J represents bottom slope (slope surface) of sediment flushing channel; and B represents width of sediment flushing channel. It should be noted that all the above variables are in international standard units.

[0078] A40. Based on the water flow rate, determine the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the degree of opening and closing of the water diversion gate.

[0079] Based on the water flow rate determined above, the discharge capacity curves of the water diversion and sand flushing gates and the sand discharge gates are consulted respectively, thereby determining the opening degree of the corresponding gates.

[0080] For typical water diversion projects, when the amount of sediment during the flood season is large, measures such as shutting down generator units are usually taken to cope with the sand peak and avoid rapid wear of generator blades caused by a large amount of sediment passing through the machines in a short period of time. In this system, during this period, the upstream water diversion and sand flushing gates and the downstream sand discharge gates are opened simultaneously to carry out the "water confinement and sand attack" treatment, flushing away the sediment that has accumulated in the water diversion channel in the early stage.

[0081] The following describes the reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing water diversion and sand prevention device provided by the present invention. The reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing water diversion and sand prevention device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing water diversion and sand prevention method described above.

[0082] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment also provides a reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing device. This system aims to leverage natural geographical advantages and make full use of water energy to ensure the normal operation of the water diversion hub project and remove silt accumulated in the hydropower station's water diversion canal. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water diversion and sand control device for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the device specifically includes:

[0083] Project 10, the construction of a sediment flushing channel, is for the purpose of building a sediment flushing channel on one side of a river located in a mountainous area. Details of this sediment flushing channel can be found in the following... Figures 1 to 3 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here.

[0084] Module 20, which determines the scheduling scheme for sediment flushing channels based on the sediment content of the upstream water, is used to determine the scheduling scheme for these channels. More specifically:

[0085] When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the first scheduling scheme is adopted. The first scheduling scheme is to use the water diversion and sand flushing gate as a water diversion channel to divert water to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0086] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the second scheduling scheme is adopted. The second scheduling scheme is to use the water diversion gate as a water diversion channel to divert water to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0087] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit is shut down, the third dispatching scheme is adopted. The third dispatching scheme is to open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the water diversion gate to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0088] The second preset value exceeds the first preset value. Preferably, the first preset value can be a smaller value, and the second preset value can be a larger value.

[0089] The present invention relates to a reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing water diversion and sand control device. It utilizes a sedimentation and sand flushing channel for both reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing. The selected water diversion channel is determined based on the sediment content of the upstream water. When the upstream water sediment content is high, the upstream water diversion and sand flushing gate and the downstream sand discharge gate are opened during generator shutdown periods to perform water-constricted sand flushing. This fully utilizes natural geographical advantages and water flow energy, increasing the flow capacity of the water diversion channel and reducing the sediment content passing through the generator. It can significantly reduce the sediment content of the water entering the water diversion channel or water diversion tunnel, and can also remove sediment accumulated in the sedimentation and sand flushing channel at a relatively low cost based on the principle of water-constricted sand flushing. This provides technical support for ensuring improved power generation efficiency of hydropower stations, increased power generation benefits, and reduced dredging and maintenance costs. It has broad application prospects and huge economic potential.

[0090] Figure 6 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. The processor 510 can call logical commands in the memory 530 to execute a water diversion and sand control method of reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing, the method including:

[0091] A sediment flushing channel is constructed on one side of a river located in a mountainous area. The width of the sediment flushing channel gradually narrows from the upstream to the downstream of the river. A water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device are installed at the upstream of the sediment flushing channel. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river, while the water diversion device is located away from the river. A sand discharge gate, a dam, and a water diversion gate are installed at the downstream of the sediment flushing channel. The dam is horizontally placed in the river. The sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the dam, and the dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate.

[0092] Based on the sediment content of the water flowing from the upstream of the river, the scheduling scheme of the sediment flushing channel is determined.

[0093] When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion and sand flushing gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0094] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device by the water diversion gate for power generation;

[0095] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit stops, the scheduling scheme is as follows: open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the water diversion gate to flush the sediment and sand in order to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0096] The second preset value exceeds the first preset value.

[0097] Furthermore, the logical commands in the aforementioned memory 530 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent media, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software medium. This computer software medium is stored in a storage medium and includes several commands to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0098] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program medium, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is able to execute the reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing water diversion and sand control method provided by the above methods. The method includes:

[0099] A sediment flushing channel is constructed on one side of a river located in a mountainous area. The width of the sediment flushing channel gradually narrows from the upstream to the downstream of the river. A water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device are installed at the upstream of the sediment flushing channel. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river, while the water diversion device is located away from the river. A sand discharge gate, a dam, and a water diversion gate are installed at the downstream of the sediment flushing channel. The dam is horizontally placed in the river. The sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the dam, and the dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate.

[0100] Based on the sediment content of the water flowing from the upstream of the river, the scheduling scheme of the sediment flushing channel is determined.

[0101] When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion and sand flushing gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0102] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device by the water diversion gate for power generation;

[0103] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit stops, the scheduling scheme is as follows: open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the water diversion gate to flush the sediment and sand in order to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0104] The second preset value exceeds the first preset value.

[0105] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the water diversion and sand control method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing provided by the methods described above, the method comprising:

[0106] A sediment flushing channel is constructed on one side of a river located in a mountainous area. The width of the sediment flushing channel gradually narrows from the upstream to the downstream of the river. A water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device are installed at the upstream of the sediment flushing channel. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river, while the water diversion device is located away from the river. A sand discharge gate, a dam, and a water diversion gate are installed at the downstream of the sediment flushing channel. The dam is horizontally placed in the river. The sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the dam, and the dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate.

[0107] Based on the sediment content of the water flowing from the upstream of the river, the scheduling scheme of the sediment flushing channel is determined.

[0108] When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion and sand flushing gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device for power generation.

[0109] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device by the water diversion gate for power generation;

[0110] When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit stops, the scheduling scheme is as follows: open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the water diversion gate to flush the sediment and sand in order to flush the sediment accumulated in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel.

[0111] The second preset value exceeds the first preset value.

[0112] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0113] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of software media. This computer software media can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several commands to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water diversion and sand control system for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing, characterized in that, The system includes: A sedimentation and flushing channel is set up on one side of a river in a mountainous area, the width of which gradually narrows from the upstream to the downstream of the river. The upstream of the sediment flushing channel is equipped with a water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river channel, and the water diversion device is located away from the river channel. Downstream of the sediment flushing channel, there is a sand discharge gate, a river dam, and a water diversion gate. The river dam is located in the river channel. The sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the river dam, and the river dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate. The water diversion gate located upstream of the sediment flushing channel and the water diversion gate located downstream of the sediment flushing channel constitute the water diversion channel for the sediment flushing channel.

2. The water diversion and sand control system for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the sediment flushing channel is set as a slope, which is a downslope along the direction of river flow and a downslope along the direction of water diversion, and the slope is widened.

3. The water diversion and sand control system for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sediment flushing channel is provided with a flushing trough, and the width of the flushing trough gradually narrows from top to bottom.

4. A water diversion and sand control method that combines reverse water diversion with forward sand flushing, characterized in that, The method includes: An integrated sedimentation and flushing channel, combining water diversion, sedimentation, and flushing, is constructed on one side of a river in a mountainous area. The width of the sedimentation and flushing channel gradually narrows from upstream to downstream, and a sedimentation trough is provided at the bottom of the channel. Upstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel, a water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device are provided. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river, while the water diversion device is located away from the river. Downstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel, a sand discharge gate, a dam, and a water diversion gate are provided. The dam is located in the river, and the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the dam, with the dam separating the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate. The sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate. Based on the sediment content of the water flowing from the upstream of the river, the scheduling scheme of the sediment flushing channel is determined. When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion and sand flushing gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device for power generation. When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device by the water diversion gate for power generation; When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit stops, the scheduling scheme is as follows: open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the sand discharge gate to flush the sediment and sand in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel. The second preset value exceeds the first preset value.

5. The water diversion and sand control method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The scheduling scheme involves determining the preset water flow rate based on the preset power generation efficiency when using the sediment flushing channel for power generation, and determining the opening and closing degree of the water diversion channel according to the preset water flow rate.

6. The water diversion and sand control method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the scheduling scheme involves using a sediment flushing channel to remove silt, the specific scheduling scheme includes: Determine the gradation of the deposited silt; The required flow velocity for removing silt and sand is determined based on the aforementioned gradation. The required water flow rate for removing accumulated silt and sand is determined based on the flow velocity. Based on the water flow rate, the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the degree of opening and closing of the water diversion gate are determined.

7. The water diversion and sand control method for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The determination of the required flow velocity for removing silt and sediment based on the gradation specifically includes: Based on the preset particle size on the gradation curve corresponding to the gradation, the starting flow velocity corresponding to the preset particle size is determined, and the starting flow velocity is used as the flow velocity required to remove silt and sand.

8. A water diversion and sand control device for reverse water diversion and forward sand flushing, characterized in that, The device includes: A hub construction module is used to construct an integrated sedimentation and flushing channel for water diversion, sedimentation, and flushing on one side of a river in a mountainous area. The width of the sedimentation and flushing channel gradually narrows from upstream to downstream of the river. The upstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel is equipped with a water diversion and flushing gate and a water diversion device. The water diversion and flushing gate is located close to the river, while the water diversion device is located away from the river. The downstream of the sedimentation and flushing channel is equipped with a sand discharge gate, a dam, and a water diversion gate. The dam is located in the river, and the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate are respectively located on both sides of the dam. The dam separates the sand discharge gate and the water diversion gate, and the sand discharge gate is located downstream of the water diversion gate. The scheme determination module is used to determine the scheduling scheme of the sediment flushing channel based on the sediment content of the water flowing from the upstream of the river. When the sediment content of the incoming water is lower than the first preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion and sand flushing gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device for power generation. When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value, the scheduling scheme is as follows: the water diversion gate is used as a water diversion channel, and the water is diverted to the water diversion device by the water diversion gate for power generation; When the sediment content of the incoming water exceeds the second preset value and the generator unit stops, the scheduling scheme is as follows: open the water diversion and sand flushing gate and the sand discharge gate to flush the sediment and sand in the sediment flushing channel to the downstream river channel. The second preset value exceeds the first preset value.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the water diversion and sand control method as described in any one of claims 4 to 7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the water diversion and sand control method as described in any one of claims 4 to 7.

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