A hard rock tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of heading machine equipment, and particularly relates to a hard rock heading machine. The heading machine comprises a heading machine main body, a cutter head assembly and a cutter head adjusting assembly. The heading machine main body comprises a sliding frame, the cutter head assembly comprises a cutter head mounting frame, the cutter head mounting frame comprises a middle connecting plate and two side connecting plates which are symmetrical about the middle connecting plate. The cutter head adjusting assembly comprises a lifting driver and two swing drivers corresponding to the two side connecting plates, the two swing drivers drive the cutter head mounting frame to swing left and right, and the lifting driver drives the cutter head mounting frame to rotate upward. Thus, the heading machine increases the functions of moving the cutter head up and down and left and right, changes the cutting angle of the cutter head, makes the heading machine have greater flexibility in terms of the width and height of a roadway, and realizes wide-range cutting. When the heading machine turns, the cutter head mounting frame can be individually turned to a certain angle in the turning direction, so as to reduce the turning radius of the whole equipment, make the whole equipment more flexible, and improve the work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunneling machine equipment, and particularly relates to a hard rock tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] A hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a machine used for excavating tunnels. As the TBM advances, its cutterhead continuously breaks up the rock. During tunnel excavation, complex tunnel construction needs to be completed due to geological conditions or on-site construction requirements.

[0003] Traditional TBMs (Tunnel Boring Machines) have limitations in turning flexibility during tunneling due to their inherent structural characteristics. They can only excavate a circular face that matches the shape of the machine itself. Therefore, when it is necessary to increase the width or height of the tunnel face, it is difficult to expand the working face area. Furthermore, coal mine roadways are generally rectangular. If TBMs were used for tunneling, secondary adjustments would be required, resulting in low efficiency and poor economics. Therefore, traditional TBMs cannot be widely used in coal mining, limiting their applicability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a hard rock tunnel boring machine, thereby solving the technical problems of insufficient turning flexibility, difficulty in expanding the working face range, small cutting range and limited applicability of traditional TBMs.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] This invention provides a hard rock tunneling machine, including a tunneling machine body and a cutterhead assembly. The tunneling machine body includes a sliding frame, and the cutterhead assembly includes a cutterhead mounting frame and a cutterhead adjustment assembly. The cutterhead mounting frame includes a central connecting plate and two side connecting plates symmetrical about the central connecting plate. The cutterhead adjustment assembly includes a lifting driver and two swing drivers corresponding to the two side connecting plates. The two ends of the swing drivers are rotatably connected to the side connecting plates and the sliding frame on the same side, respectively. The two swing drivers drive the cutterhead mounting frame to swing left and right. One end of the lifting driver is located inside the sliding frame and connected to the sliding frame, and the other end of the lifting driver is rotatably connected to the central connecting plate. The lifting driver drives the cutterhead mounting frame to rotate upward.

[0009] Furthermore, both ends of the swing driver are rotatably connected to the side connecting plate and the sliding frame on the same side respectively through the conversion shaft block; the conversion shaft block is provided with a first horizontal through hole and a first vertical through hole through the conversion shaft block, the first horizontal through hole is rotatably connected to the swing driver, and the first vertical through hole is rotatably connected to the side connecting plate or the sliding frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutter head adjustment assembly also includes a conversion shaft seat, which has a second transverse through hole and a second vertical through hole that intersect each other. The conversion shaft seat is provided with a connecting part. The mounting hole on the middle connecting plate is aligned with the second vertical through hole and is rotatably connected to the conversion shaft seat by a through pin. The mounting hole on the sliding frame is aligned with the second transverse through hole and is rotatably connected to the conversion shaft seat by a through pin. The other end of the lifting drive is rotatably connected to the middle connecting plate by the connecting part.

[0011] Furthermore, the main body of the tunneling machine also includes a central support, which is located on the side of the sliding frame away from the cutterhead mounting frame. A track is fixed inside the central support, and the length direction of the track is consistent with the forward direction of the hard rock tunneling machine. The sliding frame can be attached to the part of the track that protrudes from the central support. A telescopic actuator extends out of the track and is connected to the sliding frame. The telescopic actuator drives the sliding frame to move along the track.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a stabilizing device, which includes a number of top support legs and a number of ground support legs installed on the central support, as well as a number of top support legs and a number of ground support legs installed on the sliding frame. The number of top support legs and the number of ground support legs on the central support extend synchronously, and the number of top support legs and the number of ground support legs on the sliding frame extend synchronously.

[0013] Furthermore, the main body of the tunneling machine also includes a support assembly for support operations, which is located on both sides of the rear of the central support.

[0014] Furthermore, the main body of the tunneling machine also includes a chassis, a loading device, and a scraper conveyor. The chassis is connected to the central support, and the scraper conveyor runs through the interior of the main body of the tunneling machine from front to back. The loading device is located below the cutterhead assembly and is connected to the head end of the scraper conveyor. The sliding frame, central support, support assembly, chassis, loading device, and scraper conveyor constitute the drive unit of the main body of the tunneling machine.

[0015] Furthermore, the main body of the tunneling machine also includes a driven part, which includes a rear frame, a rear chassis, and a feed conveyor belt. The rear frame is located on the rear chassis, and the front end of the feed conveyor belt is connected to the scraper conveyor. The feed conveyor belt is located on the rear frame. The drive part and the driven part are rotatably connected to the front part of the rear frame through the rear part of the central support.

[0016] Furthermore, the cutter head assembly also includes a cutter head, and the middle connecting plate and the two side connecting plates merge at one end to form a mounting part of the cutter head mounting bracket. The cutter head can be detachably installed in the mounting part; a driver for driving the cutter head to rotate is built into the center of the cutter head.

[0017] Furthermore, a ring of hobs is installed around the outer periphery of the cutter head.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] The present invention provides a hard rock tunneling machine, which adds a swing drive to drive the cutterhead mounting frame to swing left and right and a lifting drive to drive the cutterhead mounting frame to rotate upward between the cutterhead mounting frame and the sliding frame. This adds the function of moving the cutterhead up, down and left and right, thereby changing the cutting angle of the cutterhead and making the tunneling machine more flexible in terms of tunnel width and height, and realizing a wide range of cutting.

[0021] When the tunneling machine turns, the cutterhead mounting bracket can be rotated separately in the direction of the turn by a certain angle to reduce the turning radius of the entire machine, making the machine more flexible and improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a hard rock tunnel boring machine;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of a hard rock tunnel boring machine.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of a hard rock tunnel boring machine;

[0025] Figure 4 A side view of the connection between the sliding frame and the cutter head assembly;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection between the sliding frame and the cutter head assembly;

[0027] Figure 6 An exploded view of the connection between the sliding carriage and the cutter head assembly;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the central support structure;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the left-right movement of the cutterhead in a hard rock tunnel boring machine;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the up-and-down movement of the cutterhead in a hard rock tunnel boring machine.

[0031] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0032] 1: Tunneling machine body; 11: Sliding frame; 12: Central support; 121: Rail; 122: Telescopic drive; 13: Support assembly; 14: Chassis; 15: Loading device; 16: Scraper conveyor; 17: Rear frame; 18: Rear chassis; 19: Feed belt conveyor;

[0033] 2: Cutter head assembly; 21: Cutter head mounting bracket; 211: Middle connecting plate; 212: Side connecting plate; 213: Mounting part; 22: Cutter head; 23: Hob cutter;

[0034] 3: Cutter head adjustment assembly; 31: Lifting driver; 32: Swinging driver; 33: Converter shaft block; 331: First transverse through hole; 332: First vertical through hole; 34: Converter shaft seat; 341: Second transverse through hole; 342: Second vertical through hole; 343: Connecting part;

[0035] 4: Stabilizing device; 41: Top support foot; 42: Ground support foot. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0037] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this invention provides a hard rock tunneling machine, including a tunneling machine body 1, a cutterhead assembly 2, a cutterhead adjustment assembly 3, and a stabilizing device 4. The cutterhead adjustment assembly 3 is used to adjust the up-down and left-right movement of the cutterhead assembly 2. The tunneling machine body 1 includes a driving part and a driven part connected front to back. Figure 1-3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the drive unit includes a sliding frame 11, a central support 12, a support assembly 13, a chassis 14, a loading device 15, and a scraper conveyor 16.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 1-3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the central support 12 is located on the side of the sliding frame 11 away from the cutter head mounting bracket 21. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 9As shown, the chassis 14 is connected to the central support 12. The scraper conveyor 16 runs through the interior of the tunneling machine body 1 from front to back. The loading device 15 is located below the cutterhead assembly 2 and connected to the head end of the scraper conveyor 16. The loading device 15 feeds the cut rock mass into the scraper conveyor 16, which then transports it to the rear of the hard rock tunneling machine. Figure 7 As shown, a track 121 is fixed inside the central support 12. The length direction of the track 121 is consistent with the forward direction of the hard rock tunnel boring machine. The sliding frame 11 can overlap the part of the track 121 that protrudes from the central support 12. A telescopic actuator 122 extends from the track 121 and is connected to the sliding frame 11, driving the sliding frame 11 to move along the track 121. This causes the cutterhead mounting frame 21 to drive the cutterhead 22 to complete the cutting and retraction operations, enabling cutting even when the machine is not moving, reducing operating steps and improving work efficiency. The support assembly 13 is located on both sides of the rear of the central support 12 for support operations.

[0039] like Figure 1-3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the driven part includes a rear frame 17, a rear chassis 18, and a feed conveyor 19. Specifically, the rear frame 17 is located on the rear chassis 18, and the feed conveyor 19 is located on the rear frame 17 and its front end is connected to the scraper conveyor 16 to receive the detached rock mass transported from the scraper conveyor 16. The drive part and the driven part are rotatably connected to the front part of the rear frame 17 via a central support 12.

[0040] like Figure 1-6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the cutter head assembly 2 includes a cutter head mounting bracket 21 and a cutter head 22, as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the cutterhead mounting frame 21 includes a central connecting plate 211 and two side connecting plates 212 symmetrical about the central connecting plate 211. The combined end of the central connecting plate 211 and the two side connecting plates 212 forms the mounting portion 213 of the cutterhead mounting frame 21. The mounting portion 213 is located on the side of the cutterhead mounting frame 21 away from the main body 1 of the tunneling machine. The cutterhead 22 is detachably mounted on the mounting portion 213, which facilitates the cutterhead 22's proximity to the rock face, making rock cutting easier and reducing damage to the tunneling machine from debris generated during rock breaking. Furthermore, the cutterhead 22 is detachably connected to the cutterhead mounting frame 21, facilitating maintenance and replacement of the cutterhead 22. A driver for rotating the cutterhead 22 is built into the center of the cutterhead 22. Additionally, a ring of roller cutters 23 is mounted on the outer periphery of the cutterhead 22.

[0041] like Figure 1-6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the cutterhead adjustment assembly 3 includes a lifting driver 31 and two swing drivers 32 corresponding to the two side connecting plates 212. The cutterhead mounting bracket 21 drives the cutterhead 22 to swing laterally and vertically, adjusting the position of the cutterhead 22 to expand the working face range, thereby meeting the needs of short-to-medium distance construction and small turning radius construction. Figure 6 As shown, the two ends of the swing driver 32 are rotatably connected to the side connecting plate 212 and the sliding frame 11 on the same side via the conversion shaft block 33, which drives the cutter head mounting frame 21 to swing left and right.

[0042] Specifically, the conversion shaft block 33 is provided with a first horizontal through hole 331 and a first vertical through hole 332 passing through the conversion shaft block 33. The first horizontal through hole 331 is rotatably connected to the swing driver 32, and the first vertical through hole 332 is rotatably connected to the side connecting plate 212 or the sliding frame 11.

[0043] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, one end of the lifting driver 31 is located inside the sliding frame 11 and connected to the sliding frame 11, and the other end of the lifting driver 31 is rotatably connected to the middle connecting plate 211 through the conversion shaft seat 34 to drive the cutter head mounting frame 21 to rotate upward.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the conversion shaft seat 34 has a second transverse through hole 341 and a second vertical through hole 342 that pass through and intersect each other. The conversion shaft seat 34 is provided with a connecting part 343. The mounting hole on the middle connecting plate 211 is aligned with the second vertical through hole 342 and is rotatably connected to the conversion shaft seat 34 by a through pin. The mounting hole on the sliding frame 11 is aligned with the second transverse through hole 341 and is rotatably connected to the conversion shaft seat 34 by a through pin. The other end of the lifting drive 31 is rotatably connected to the middle connecting plate 211 by being rotatably connected to the connecting part 343.

[0045] Specifically, the outer end of the pin passing through the conversion shaft seat 34 has a pin cover plate that is bolted to the conversion shaft seat 34 to prevent the pin from coming out and loosening.

[0046] like Figure 1-3 , Figure 5-9 As shown, the stabilizing device 4 includes a plurality of top support legs 41 and a plurality of ground support legs 42 disposed on the central support 12, and a plurality of top support legs 41 and a plurality of ground support legs 42 disposed on the sliding frame 11. The plurality of top support legs 41 and a plurality of ground support legs 42 on the central support 12 extend synchronously, and the plurality of top support legs 41 and a plurality of ground support legs 42 on the sliding frame 11 extend synchronously.

[0047] During the tunneling machine's advance, the stabilizing device 4 is activated to stabilize and support the machine, allowing for greater friction to cut harder rock. Simultaneously, the telescopic actuator 122 provides the cutterhead 22 with greater feed pressure, increasing the maximum cutting hardness. This makes the hard rock tunneling machine more versatile, easier to operate, capable of meeting the requirements of more complex tunnels, and more efficient.

[0048] Hard rock tunnel boring machine operating procedures:

[0049] S1: The tunneling machine moves to the designated position by rotating its chassis 14;

[0050] S2: Activate the stabilizing device 4, unfold the top support foot 41 and the ground support foot 42 on the middle support 12, and support them to the top of the tunnel and the ground respectively to stabilize the tunneling machine. At the same time, it provides greater friction to the whole machine when cutting, and combined with the roller cutter 23, it can increase the upper limit of cutting hardness to 200Mpa.

[0051] S3: Start the scraper conveyor 16 and loading device 15 to prepare to transport the detached rock mass cut off by the cutter head 22;

[0052] S4: Start the driver built into the center of the cutter head 22 to make the cutter head 22 start to rotate;

[0053] S5: Adjust the cutter head 22 to the specified position using the swing driver 32 and the lifting driver 31;

[0054] S6: The telescopic drive 122 starts to work and begins to feed. The roller cutter 23 crushes the rock mass at the tunnel face. After the rock mass at the tunnel face forms cracks, it peels off and falls off. The fallen rock mass is collected by the loading device 15 and then enters the scraper conveyor 16, which transports it to the rear of the tunneling machine for processing.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard rock tunnel boring machine, comprising a tunnel boring machine body (1) and a cutterhead assembly (2), wherein the tunnel boring machine body (1) includes a sliding frame (11), and the cutterhead assembly (2) includes a cutterhead mounting frame (21) and a cutterhead (22), characterized in that, It also includes a cutterhead adjustment assembly (3), the cutterhead mounting bracket (21) includes a central connecting plate (211) and two side connecting plates (212) symmetrical about the central connecting plate (211). The end of the central connecting plate (211) and the two side connecting plates (212) merged together forms the mounting part (213) of the cutterhead mounting bracket (21). The mounting part (213) is located on the side of the cutterhead mounting bracket (21) away from the tunneling machine body (1). The cutterhead (22) is detachably mounted on the mounting part (213). The cutter head adjustment assembly (3) includes a lifting driver (31) and two swing drivers (32) corresponding to the two side connecting plates (212). The cutter head mounting bracket (21) drives the cutter head (22) to swing laterally and vertically, adjusting the position of the cutter head (22) to expand the working face range. Both ends of the swing driver (32) are rotatably connected to the side connecting plate (212) and the sliding frame (11) on the same side respectively through conversion shaft blocks (33). The conversion shaft block (33) is provided with a first transverse through hole (331) and a first vertical through hole (332) passing through the conversion shaft block (33). The first transverse through hole (331) is rotatably connected to the swing driver (32), and the first vertical through hole (332) is rotatably connected to the side connecting plate (212) or the sliding frame (11). The two swing drivers (32) drive the cutter head mounting frame (21) to swing left and right. The cutter head adjustment assembly (3) also includes a conversion shaft seat (34), which has a second transverse through hole (341) and a second vertical through hole (342) that pass through the conversion shaft seat (34) and intersect each other, and a connecting part (343) is provided on the conversion shaft seat (34). The mounting hole on the middle connecting plate (211) is aligned with the second vertical through hole (342) and rotatably connected to the conversion shaft seat (34) by a through pin. The mounting hole on the sliding frame (11) is aligned with the second horizontal through hole (341) and rotatably connected to the conversion shaft seat (34) by a through pin. One end of the lifting driver (31) is located inside the sliding frame (11) and connected to the sliding frame (11). The other end of the lifting driver (31) is rotatably connected to the middle connecting plate (211) by a rotatable connection with the connecting part (343). The outer end of the pin passing through the conversion shaft seat (34) has a pin cover plate that is bolted to the conversion shaft seat (34). The cutterhead (22) is detachably mounted on the cutterhead mounting frame (21). The sliding frame (11) can move along the forward direction of the hard rock tunneling machine, so that the cutterhead mounting frame (21) drives the cutterhead (22) to complete the cutting and retraction operations, and realize cutting while the whole machine is not moving. The tunneling machine body (1) also includes a central support (12), which is located on the side of the sliding frame (11) away from the cutterhead mounting frame (21). A track (121) is fixed inside the central support (12), and the length direction of the track (121) is consistent with the forward direction of the hard rock tunneling machine. The sliding frame (11) can overlap the part of the track (121) that protrudes from the central support (12). A telescopic actuator (122) extends out of the track (121), and the telescopic actuator (122) is connected to the sliding frame (11). The telescopic actuator (122) drives the sliding frame (11) to move along the track (121). It also includes a stabilizing device (4), which includes a plurality of top support legs (41) and a plurality of ground support legs (42) disposed on the central support (12) and a plurality of top support legs (41) and a plurality of ground support legs (42) disposed on the sliding frame (11). The plurality of top support legs (41) and the plurality of ground support legs (42) on the central support (12) extend synchronously, and the plurality of top support legs (41) and the plurality of ground support legs (42) on the sliding frame (11) extend synchronously. During the cutting process of the hard rock tunnel boring machine, the stabilizing device (4) is activated to unfold the top support foot (41) and the ground support foot (42) on the middle support (12), which are respectively supported to the top of the tunnel and the ground to stabilize the hard rock tunnel boring machine. At this time, the hard rock tunnel boring machine can cut harder rocks with greater friction, so that the upper limit of cutting hardness can be increased to 200Mpa. At the same time, the telescopic drive (122) can give the cutter head (22) feed pressure, further increasing the maximum cutting hardness. The lifting driver (31) drives the cutter head mounting bracket (21) to rotate upward.

2. The hard rock tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunneling machine body (1) also includes a support assembly (13) for support operations, which is located on both sides of the rear of the central support (12).

3. The hard rock tunneling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tunneling machine body (1) also includes a chassis (14), a loading device (15) and a scraper conveyor (16). The chassis (14) is connected to the central support (12). The scraper conveyor (16) runs through the interior of the tunneling machine body (1) from front to back. The loading device (15) is located below the cutterhead assembly (2) and connected to the head end of the scraper conveyor (16). The sliding frame (11), the central support (12), the support assembly (13), the chassis (14), the loading device (15), and the scraper conveyor (16) are the driving units of the tunneling machine body (1).

4. The hard rock tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tunneling machine body (1) also includes a driven part, which includes a rear frame (17), a rear chassis (18), and a feeding belt conveyor (19). The rear frame (17) is located on the rear chassis (18), and the front end of the feeding belt conveyor (19) is connected to the scraper conveyor (16). The feeding belt conveyor (19) is located on the rear frame (17). The driving part and the driven part are rotatably connected to the front part of the rear frame (17) via the rear part of the central support (12).

5. The hard rock tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head (22) has a driver built into its center to drive the cutter head (22) to rotate.

6. The hard rock tunneling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A ring of hobs (23) is installed on the outer periphery of the cutter head (22).

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