Tunneling cutter head and tunneling equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tunneling cutter head and tunneling equipment.Therein, the tunneling cutter head includes: first beam;First tool assembly, is located in first beam, first tool assembly includes first tool, and the radial distance of first tool with the disc core of tunneling cutter head is fixed;And second tool assembly, is located in first beam, second tool assembly includes second tool, second tool is configured to be movable along the radial direction of tunneling cutter head.The at least one of first tool and second tool is configured to be in working condition, to cut rock formation, so that rock formation forms crack;Make the radial, circumferential direction or radial circumferential direction of complete working face mutually intersected pre-treatment seam, by pre-cut seam on working face, induce lateral crack to the bottom end of pre-cut seam to expand in rock breaking process, so that working face produces more crack, can benefit to divide the complete rock working face into multiple pieces of incomplete rock working face, help to break rock, improve construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a tunneling cutterhead and tunneling equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In some related technologies, when using open-face dual-mode shield tunneling equipment with earth pressure monitoring (OPM) in full-face hard rock formations, the use of cutterhead rock breaking results in very low tunneling efficiency. The cutterheads wear down quickly, and if not replaced in time, shield jamming can occur. This is because full-face hard rock has an intact rock structure with high strength and elastic modulus, making it difficult for rock cracks to form solely through cutterhead rock breaking. Furthermore, the higher the rock strength, the less likely rock cracks are to form; and the ease of rock fragmentation is related to the ease with which rock cracks are formed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a tunneling cutterhead and tunneling equipment to alleviate the problem of difficulty in rock breaking.

[0004] In one aspect of the present invention, a tunneling cutterhead is provided, comprising:

[0005] First beam;

[0006] A first cutter assembly is disposed on the first beam. The first cutter assembly includes a first cutter, and the radial distance between the first cutter and the center of the tunneling cutterhead is fixed.

[0007] A second cutter assembly is disposed on the first beam, the second cutter assembly including a second cutter configured to move radially along the tunneling cutterhead;

[0008] In this embodiment, at least one of the first cutting tool and the second cutting tool is configured to be in a working state to cut the rock strata and cause cracks to form in the rock strata.

[0009] In some embodiments, at least one of the first and second cutting tools includes a drill-milling cutter capable of drilling and milling layered rock.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of the first cutter assemblies is at least two, and the at least two first cutter assemblies are at the same radial distance from the center of the cutterhead and / or at least two first cutter assemblies are at different radial distances from the center of the cutterhead. The first cutter assemblies are configured to form a circular motion trajectory as the cutterhead rotates.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second cutter assembly is arranged radially along the cutterhead, extending from the center of the cutterhead to the outer edge of the cutterhead.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least two second cutter assemblies are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunneling cutterhead.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first tool assembly further includes:

[0014] The shell is disposed on the first beam;

[0015] A first shaft is disposed within the housing, with a first end extending outward from the housing and connected to the first cutting tool; and

[0016] A first power component is driven and connected to the first shaft, and the first power component is configured to drive the first shaft to rotate so as to rotate the first tool.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first tool assembly further includes a cylinder that covers the outer periphery of the first shaft, a piston disposed within the cylinder and connected to a second end of the first shaft, the piston dividing the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber, the second chamber being configured to inject hydraulic oil to push the first shaft axially outward.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first shaft includes a connecting portion, and a first portion and a second portion located on both sides of the connecting portion, the radial dimension of the connecting portion being larger than the radial dimensions of the first portion and the second portion, and the connecting portion being connected to the inner wall of the cylinder via a spline.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second tool assembly further includes:

[0020] Guide rails are arranged radially along the cutterhead;

[0021] The second axis is arranged radially along the cutterhead;

[0022] A mounting base, connected to the second shaft and configured to be movably disposed along the guide rail, wherein the second tool is disposed on the mounting base; and

[0023] A second power component is driven and connected to the second shaft, and the second power component is configured to drive the mounting base to move along the guide rail via the second shaft.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second tool assembly further includes:

[0025] A housing is provided on the mounting base;

[0026] A first shaft is disposed within the housing, with a first end extending outward from the housing and connected to the second cutting tool; and

[0027] A first power component is driven and connected to the first shaft, and the first power component is configured to drive the first shaft to rotate so as to rotate the second tool.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second tool assembly further includes a cylinder that covers the outer periphery of the first shaft, a piston disposed within the cylinder and connected to a second end of the first shaft, the piston dividing the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber, the second chamber being configured to inject hydraulic oil to push the first shaft axially outward.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first shaft includes a connecting portion, and a first portion and a second portion located on both sides of the connecting portion, the radial dimension of the connecting portion being larger than the radial dimensions of the first portion and the second portion, and the connecting portion being connected to the inner wall of the cylinder via a spline.

[0030] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead further includes:

[0031] The second beam is the main beam of the tunneling cutterhead; and

[0032] A third cutter is disposed on the second beam and is configured to roll and crush the rock strata.

[0033] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead further includes a vibrating element connected to the third cutter and configured to drive the third cutter to vibrate axially.

[0034] In some embodiments, the third cutting tool includes a hobbing cutter.

[0035] In one aspect of the invention, a tunneling device is provided, including a main drive member and a tunneling cutterhead as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the main drive member is motive-connected to the tunneling cutterhead and is configured to drive the tunneling cutterhead to rotate.

[0036] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0037] In some embodiments, cutting the rock strata with at least one of the first and second cutters can achieve the effect of pre-treating the rock strata, resulting in pre-treated seams that intersect radially, circumferentially, or radially and circumferentially on the complete working face. By pre-cutting seams on the working face, lateral cracks are induced to extend towards the bottom of the pre-cut seams during rock breaking, resulting in more cracks on the working face. This facilitates the division of the complete rock working face into multiple incomplete rock working faces, which helps in rock breaking and improves construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tunneling device provided according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a tunneling cutterhead provided according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tool mounting module provided according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of a local structure;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a second tool assembly provided according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of a first tool according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of a second tool provided according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectories of a first tool and a second tool provided according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of the first and second cutting tools according to other embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] The labels in the attached diagram are explained as follows:

[0049] 1-First beam;

[0050] 2-First tool assembly; 21-First tool;

[0051] 3-Second tool assembly; 31-Second tool; 32-Guide rail; 33-Second shaft; 34-Mounting base; 35-Second power component;

[0052] 4-Tool mounting module; 41-House; 41a-Tool box; 41b-Protective cover; 42-First shaft; 421-First part; 422-Second part; 423-Connecting part; 43-First power component; 44-Cylinder; 441-Piston; 45-First chamber; 46-Second chamber; 47-Shaft box; 48-End cover; 49-Spacer; 410a-First flange; 410b-Second flange; 411-Connector; 412-Bearing; 413-Seal; 414-Bolt; 415-Lubricating oil inlet; 416-Drive shaft;

[0053] 5-Second beam;

[0054] 6-Third cutting tool; 61-Hog cutter;

[0055] 100-Cutter head; 101-Cutter head; 200-Front shield; 300-Main drive component; 400-Center rotary joint;

[0056] L1 - First motion trajectory; L2 - Second motion trajectory; L3 - Third motion trajectory.

[0057] It should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The descriptions of the exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative and are in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use. The invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0059] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. Words such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after it, without excluding the possibility of encompassing other elements. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0060] In this invention, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device. When a specific device is described as being connected to other devices, the specific device may be directly connected to the other devices without an intermediary device, or it may be not directly connected to the other devices but have an intermediary device.

[0061] All terms used in this invention (including technical or scientific terms) have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0062] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0063] refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the tunneling equipment includes a cutterhead 100, a front shield 200, a main drive unit 300, and a center rotary joint 400.

[0064] The tunneling cutterhead 100 is connected to the main drive unit 300. Optionally, the tunneling cutterhead 100 is connected to the main drive unit 300 by bolts.

[0065] The main drive unit 300 is mounted on the central ring of the front shield 200 and is used to drive the tunneling cutterhead 100 to rotate.

[0066] The front shield 200 is used to support the main drive unit 300 and the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0067] The center rotary joint 400 is used for the transmission channels of electricity, hydraulic fluid, and other fluids.

[0068] The roller cutter 61 is arranged on the main beam of the tunneling cutterhead 100 and can roll and break rocks as the tunneling cutterhead 100 rotates.

[0069] Because the entire section of hard rock has an intact structure, high strength and elastic modulus, it is difficult to generate rock cracks by relying solely on roller cutters, resulting in difficult rock breaking and low tunneling efficiency. Therefore, some embodiments of this invention provide a tunneling cutterhead 100 to alleviate the problem of difficult rock breaking.

[0070] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 includes a first beam 1. Optionally, the first beam 1 is a secondary beam of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0071] The tunneling cutterhead 100 also includes a first cutter assembly 2, which is disposed on the first beam 1. The first cutter assembly 2 includes a first cutter 21, which is radially distanced from the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0072] The cutterhead 100 also includes a second cutter assembly 3, which is disposed on the first beam 1. The second cutter assembly 3 includes a second cutter 31, which is configured to move radially along the cutterhead 100. The radial distance between the second cutter 31 and the center 101 of the cutterhead 100 is variable.

[0073] In this embodiment, at least one of the first cutting tool 21 and the second cutting tool 31 is configured to be in a working state to cut the rock layer and cause cracks to form in the rock layer.

[0074] During operation, the cutterhead 100 rotates. When the first cutter 21 is in working condition, it rotates with the cutterhead 100, forming a circular motion trajectory around the axis of the cutterhead 100 to cut the rock strata and create annular cuts. When the second cutter 31 is in working condition, it rotates with the cutterhead 100 and also moves radially along the cutterhead 100, forming a composite motion trajectory combining annular and radial motion to cut the rock strata and create composite cuts. When both the first cutter 21 and the second cutter 31 are in working condition, annular cuts and composite cuts are simultaneously formed on the rock strata. Therefore, by cutting the rock strata with at least one of the first cutter 21 and the second cutter 31, the rock strata can be pre-treated, resulting in pre-treatment seams that intersect radially, circumferentially, or radially and circumferentially on the complete working face. By pre-cutting seams on the working face, lateral cracks are induced to extend towards the bottom of the pre-cut seams during rock breaking, resulting in more cracks on the working face. This facilitates the division of the complete rock working face into multiple incomplete rock working faces, which helps in rock breaking and improves construction efficiency.

[0075] In some embodiments, at least one of the first tool 21 and the second tool 31 includes a drill-and-mill cutter capable of drilling and milling rock formations. The drill-and-mill cutter is configured to be both drillable and millable.

[0076] Because the rocks crushed by the roller cutter come in various sizes and shapes, large rocks accumulate between the cutter head and the working face, accelerating the wear of the cutter head. Large rocks that enter the soil or slurry chamber can also cause slag buildup if they cannot be removed; large rocks that enter the screw conveyor may jam it, and large rocks that enter the slurry pipes may cause blockages.

[0077] Based on this, some embodiments of the present invention can effectively control the size of the rock by using vibratory drill and milling cutters arranged in the circumferential and radial directions, thereby alleviating the problem of rocks being too large to be discharged, causing slag buildup at the working face.

[0078] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 is a composite cutterhead combining vibratory drilling and milling with rolling crushing.

[0079] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 further includes a vibrating element connected to at least one of the first cutter 21 and the second cutter 31 to achieve axial vibration of the first cutter 21 and / or the second cutter 31.

[0080] The axial vibration of the first cutter 21 and / or the second cutter 31 facilitates milling of the rock strata, resulting in pre-treatment seams that intersect radially, circumferentially, or radially and circumferentially on the complete working face. By pre-cutting seams on the working face, lateral cracks are induced to extend towards the bottom of the pre-cut seams during rock breaking, resulting in more cracks on the working face. This facilitates the division of the complete rock working face into multiple incomplete rock working faces, which helps in rock breaking and improves construction efficiency.

[0081] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 includes at least two first beams 1, the first end of the first beam 1 being connected to the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100, and the second end of the first beam 1 extending radially away from the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0082] In some embodiments, the number of first cutter assemblies 2 is at least two, and the radial distances of at least two first cutter assemblies 2 from the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead are the same and / or the radial distances of at least two first cutter assemblies 2 from the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead are different. The first cutter assemblies 2 are configured to form a circular motion trajectory as the tunneling cutterhead rotates.

[0083] Each first cutter assembly 2 rotates with the tunneling cutterhead to form multiple annular motion tracks arranged at intervals around the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100. The radial dimension of the annular motion track closer to the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100 is smaller than the radial dimension of the annular motion track farther away from the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0084] In some embodiments, at least two first tool assemblies 2 are spaced apart on each circular motion trajectory.

[0085] Optionally, the first tool 21 in each first tool assembly 2 can be controlled to operate independently.

[0086] In some embodiments, the second cutter assembly 3 is arranged radially along the cutterhead and extends from the center 101 of the cutterhead to the outer edge of the cutterhead.

[0087] In some embodiments, at least two second cutter assemblies 3 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0088] Optionally, the second tool 31 in each second tool assembly 3 can be controlled to operate independently.

[0089] refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first tool assembly 2 further includes a tool mounting module 4 disposed on the first beam 1. The first tool 21 is mounted on the tool mounting module 4.

[0090] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 includes a housing 41 disposed on the first beam 1.

[0091] The tool mounting module 4 also includes a first shaft 42, which is located inside the housing 41. The first end of the first shaft 42 extends to the outside of the housing 41 and is connected to the first tool 21.

[0092] The tool mounting module 4 also includes a first power element 43, which is driven and connected to the first shaft 42. The first power element 43 is configured to drive the first shaft 42 to rotate, thereby causing the first tool 21 to rotate.

[0093] The first power component 43 drives the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed, which in turn drives the first tool 21 mounted on the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed to cut the working face.

[0094] Optionally, the first power component 43 includes an electric motor.

[0095] In some embodiments, the housing 41 includes a tool box 41a and a protective cover 41b. The tool box 41a and the protective cover 41b are connected. Optionally, the tool box 41a and the protective cover 41b are connected by bolts. A first shaft 42 is disposed inside the tool box 41a, and a first power member 43 is disposed inside the protective cover 41b.

[0096] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a cylinder 44 that covers the outer periphery of the first shaft 42. A piston 441 is disposed within the cylinder 44, connected to a second end of the first shaft 42, and the piston 441 divides the interior of the cylinder 44 into a first chamber 45 and a second chamber 46. The second chamber 46 is configured to be injected with hydraulic oil to push the first shaft 42 axially out of the cylinder 44.

[0097] The first shaft 42 has the functions of rotation and axial extension. When the first tool 21 is worn, hydraulic oil is injected into the second cavity 46 to push the first shaft 42, causing the first shaft 42 to extend axially. The first end of the first shaft 42 extends out to adjust the extension length of the first tool 21.

[0098] Optionally, the extension of the first shaft 42 can be detected by a stroke sensor.

[0099] Optionally, the magnitude of the circumferential force and torque of the first shaft 42 is detected by a detection element, and the signal is transmitted to the control system.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first shaft 42 includes a connecting portion 423, and a first part 421 and a second part 422 located on both sides of the connecting portion 423. The radial dimension of the connecting portion 423 is larger than the radial dimension of the first part 421 and the radial dimension of the second part 422. The connecting portion 423 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 44 via a spline. The first part 421, the connecting portion 423, and the second part 422 are all located within the first cavity 45.

[0101] In some embodiments, the connecting part 423 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 44 via a spline. The spline connection enables the cylinder 44 to drive the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed, and also enables the first shaft 42 to move axially relative to the cylinder 44.

[0102] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a shaft box 47, which is disposed within the tool box 41a, with its first end extending out of the tool box 41a and located within a protective cover 41b. The shaft box 47 is connected to the first power component 43 via a first flange 410a and a second flange 410b. A cylinder 44 is disposed within the shaft box 47, and a first shaft 42 is disposed within the cylinder 44.

[0103] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes an end cap 48; the end cap 48 is disposed within the tool box 41a. The end cap 48 includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the end cap 48 is located between the second end of the shaft box 47 and the end of the tool box 41a, and the second portion of the end cap 48 is located within a through hole provided at the end of the tool box 41a. The cylindrical body 44 extends through the first and second portions of the end cap 48 into the through hole. The first shaft 42 is disposed within the cylindrical body 44, and the first end of the first shaft 42 extends out through the through hole, located outside the tool box 41a, and connects to the first tool 21.

[0104] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a seal 413 disposed between the cylinder 44 and the end cap 48. Optionally, the seal 413 includes a finger seal.

[0105] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a bolt 414, which connects the end cap 48 and the shaft box 47.

[0106] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a lubricating oil inlet 415. Oil passages are provided in the side wall of the shaft box 47 and the first part of the end cover 48. The oil passages are interconnected and communicate with the lubricating oil inlet 415. The lubricating oil is guided to the space between the end cover 48 and the cylinder 44 through the lubricating oil inlet 415, the oil passage in the side wall of the shaft box 47 and the oil passage in the first part of the end cover 48, so as to provide lubrication and cooling during the rotation of the cylinder 44 relative to the end cover 48.

[0107] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a drive shaft 416 and a connector 411. The power output end of the first power member 43 is connected to the drive shaft 416 via the connector 411, and the drive shaft 416 is connected to the cylinder 44. Optionally, the drive shaft 416 and the cylinder 44 are integrally formed.

[0108] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a spacer 49 and a bearing 412. The spacer 49 is disposed on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 416 and located within the shaft housing 47. The bearing 412 is disposed within the spacer 49 and supports the drive shaft 416.

[0109] exist Figure 3 In the specific embodiment shown, the tool box 41a is fixed to the first beam 1; the shaft box 47 is fixed inside the tool box 41a; the connector 411, the first flange 410a, the second flange 410b, and the end cover 48 are fixedly connected to the shaft box 47 by bolts; the seal 413, the cylinder 44, the first shaft 42, the spacer 49, the drive shaft 416, and the bearing 412 are assembled and installed inside the shaft box 47; the first tool 21 is installed on the first shaft 42; and the first power component 43 is connected to the first flange 410a on the shaft box 47 through the second flange 410b. The first power component 43 rotates, driving the transmission shaft 416 and the cylinder 44 to rotate at high speed. The cylinder 44 is connected to the first shaft 42 by a spline. The high-speed rotation of the cylinder 44 drives the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed, cutting the rock strata. The seal 413 prevents soil from entering the shaft box 47. Lubricating oil is injected through the lubricating oil inlet 415 and the oil circuit to lubricate and cool the seal 413. The connector 411 increases the electrical signal of the hydraulic oil and the stroke sensor.

[0110] refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, the second cutter assembly 3 includes a guide rail 32 arranged radially along the cutterhead 100.

[0111] The second cutter assembly 3 also includes a second shaft 33, which is arranged radially along the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0112] The second tool assembly 3 also includes a mounting base 34, which is connected to the second shaft 33 and is configured to be movably disposed along the guide rail 32. A second tool 31 is disposed on the mounting base 34.

[0113] The second tool assembly 3 also includes a second power element 35, which is driven and connected to the second shaft 33. The second power element 35 is configured to drive the mounting base 34 to move along the guide rail 32 via the second shaft 33.

[0114] The second shaft 33 is driven to rotate by the second power component 35, thereby causing the mounting base 34 to reciprocate along the guide rail 32, and thus realizing the radial cutting of the face by the second tool 31.

[0115] Optionally, the second power component 35 includes a motor.

[0116] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the second tool assembly 3 further includes a tool mounting module 4 disposed on the mounting base 34. The second tool 31 is mounted on the tool mounting module 4.

[0117] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 includes a housing 41 disposed on the mounting base 34.

[0118] The tool mounting module 4 also includes a first shaft 42, which is located inside the housing 41. The first end of the first shaft 42 extends to the outside of the housing 41 and is connected to the second tool 31.

[0119] The tool mounting module 4 also includes a first power unit 43, which is driven and connected to the first shaft 42. The first power unit 43 is configured to drive the first shaft 42 to rotate, thereby causing the second tool 31 to rotate.

[0120] The first power component 43 drives the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed, which in turn drives the second cutter 31 mounted on the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed to cut the face of the tunnel.

[0121] Optionally, the first power component 43 includes an electric motor.

[0122] In some embodiments, the housing 41 includes a tool box 41a and a protective cover 41b. The tool box 41a and the protective cover 41b are connected. Optionally, the tool box 41a and the protective cover 41b are connected by bolts. A first shaft 42 is disposed inside the tool box 41a, and a first power member 43 is disposed inside the protective cover 41b.

[0123] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a cylinder 44 that covers the outer periphery of the first shaft 42. A piston 441 is disposed within the cylinder 44, connected to a second end of the first shaft 42, and the piston 441 divides the interior of the cylinder 44 into a first chamber 45 and a second chamber 46. The second chamber 46 is configured to be injected with hydraulic oil to push the first shaft 42 axially out of the cylinder 44.

[0124] The first shaft 42 has the functions of rotation and axial extension. When the first tool 21 is worn, hydraulic oil is injected into the second cavity 46 to push the first shaft 42, so that the first shaft 42 extends axially to adjust the extension length of the first tool 21.

[0125] Optionally, the extension of the first shaft 42 can be detected by a stroke sensor.

[0126] Optionally, the magnitude of the circumferential force and torque of the first shaft 42 is detected by a detection element, and the signal is transmitted to the control system.

[0127] In some embodiments, the first cutting tool 21 and the second cutting tool 31 are the same cutting tool.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first shaft 42 includes a connecting portion 423, and a first part 421 and a second part 422 located on both sides of the connecting portion 423. The radial dimension of the connecting portion 423 is larger than the radial dimension of the first part 421 and the radial dimension of the second part 422. The connecting portion 423 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 44 via a spline. The first part 421, the connecting portion 423, and the second part 422 are all located within the first cavity 45.

[0129] In some embodiments, the connecting part 423 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 44 by a spline seal. The spline connection enables the cylinder 44 to drive the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed, and also enables the first shaft 42 to move axially relative to the cylinder 44.

[0130] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a shaft box 47, which is disposed within the tool box 41a, with its first end extending out of the tool box 41a and located within a protective cover 41b. The shaft box 47 is connected to the first power component 43 via a first flange 410a and a second flange 410b. A cylinder 44 is disposed within the shaft box 47, and a first shaft 42 is disposed within the cylinder 44.

[0131] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes an end cap 48; the end cap 48 is disposed within the tool box 41a. The end cap 48 includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the end cap 48 is located between the second end of the shaft box 47 and the end of the tool box 41a, and the second portion of the end cap 48 is located within a through hole provided at the end of the tool box 41a. The cylindrical body 44 extends through the first and second portions of the end cap 48 into the through hole. The first shaft 42 is disposed within the cylindrical body 44, and the first end of the first shaft 42 extends out through the through hole, located outside the tool box 41a, and connects to the second tool 31.

[0132] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a seal 413 disposed between the cylinder 44 and the end cap 48. Optionally, the seal 413 includes a finger seal.

[0133] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a bolt 414, which connects the end cap 48 and the shaft box 47.

[0134] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a lubricating oil inlet 415. Oil passages are provided in the side wall of the shaft box 47 and the first part of the end cover 48. The oil passages are interconnected and communicate with the lubricating oil inlet 415. The lubricating oil is guided to the space between the end cover 48 and the cylinder 44 through the lubricating oil inlet 415, the oil passage in the side wall of the shaft box 47 and the oil passage in the first part of the end cover 48, so as to provide lubrication and cooling during the rotation of the cylinder 44 relative to the end cover 48.

[0135] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a drive shaft 416 and a connector 411. The power output end of the first power member 43 is connected to the drive shaft 416 via the connector 411, and the drive shaft 416 is connected to the cylinder 44. Optionally, the drive shaft 416 and the cylinder 44 are integrally formed.

[0136] In some embodiments, the tool mounting module 4 further includes a spacer 49 and a bearing 412. The spacer 49 is disposed on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 416 and located within the shaft housing 47. The bearing 412 is disposed within the spacer 49 and supports the drive shaft 416.

[0137] exist Figure 3 In the specific embodiment shown, the tool box 41a is fixed on the mounting base 34; the shaft box 47 is fixed inside the tool box 41a; the connector 411, the first flange 410a, the second flange 410b, and the end cover 48 are fixedly connected to the shaft box 47 by bolts; the seal 413, the cylinder 44, the first shaft 42, the spacer 49, the drive shaft 416, and the bearing 412 are assembled and installed inside the shaft box 47; the second tool 31 is installed on the first shaft 42; and the first power component 43 is connected to the first flange 410a on the shaft box 47 through the second flange 410b. The first power component 43 rotates, driving the transmission shaft 416 and the cylinder 44 to rotate at high speed. The cylinder 44 is connected to the first shaft 42 by a spline. The high-speed rotation of the cylinder 44 drives the first shaft 42 to rotate at high speed, cutting the rock strata. The seal 413 prevents soil from entering the shaft box 47. Lubricating oil is injected through the lubricating oil inlet 415 and the oil circuit to lubricate and cool the seal 413. The connector 411 increases the electrical signal of the hydraulic oil and the stroke sensor.

[0138] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 further includes a second beam 5. Optionally, the second beam 5 is the main beam of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0139] The tunneling cutterhead 100 includes at least two second beams 5. The first end of the second beam 5 is connected to the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100, and the second end of the second beam 5 extends radially away from the center 101 of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0140] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 further includes a third cutter 6 disposed on the second beam 5. The third cutter 6 is configured to perform rolling crushing of the rock strata.

[0141] The tunneling cutterhead 100 uses the third cutter 6 to roll and crush the rock strata, and uses at least one of the first cutter 21 and the second cutter 31 to cut and mill the rock strata. This allows the complete tunnel face to produce pre-treatment seams that intersect radially, circumferentially, or radially and circumferentially. By pre-cutting seams on the tunnel face, lateral cracks are induced to extend towards the bottom of the pre-cut seams during rock breaking, resulting in more cracks on the tunnel face. This facilitates the division of the complete rock tunnel face into multiple incomplete rock tunnel faces, which helps in rock breaking, improves construction efficiency, and solves the problems of low tunneling efficiency, difficulty in rock breaking, and severe abrasion of cutters in related technologies.

[0142] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 further includes a vibrating element connected to the third cutter 6 for axial vibration of the third cutter 6.

[0143] In some embodiments, the second beam 5 is the main beam of the tunneling cutterhead 100, and the second beam 5 is the secondary beam of the tunneling cutterhead 100.

[0144] In some embodiments, the third cutting tool 6 includes a hobbing cutter.

[0145] The main beam of the tunneling cutterhead 100 is equipped with roller cutters, while the secondary beam of the tunneling cutterhead 100 is equipped with several fixed-point drill and milling cutters and radially movable drill and milling cutters. The roller cutters on the main beam crush the rock strata, while the vibratory drill and milling cutters on the secondary beam cut the tunnel face. The pre-cut slits of the vibratory drill and milling cutters are all within the spacing of the roller cutters, which can generate more cracks on the tunnel face, making it easier to divide the complete rock face into multiple incomplete rock faces; this helps to break the rock and improve construction efficiency.

[0146] Some embodiments also provide a tunneling device including a main drive 300 and a tunneling cutterhead 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, the main drive 300 being drivenly connected to the tunneling cutterhead 100 and configured to drive the tunneling cutterhead 100 to rotate.

[0147] like Figure 1As shown, the tunneling equipment includes a cutterhead 100, a front shield 200, a main drive unit 300, a central rotary joint 400, a first cutter 21 (first drilling and milling cutter), a second cutter 31 (second drilling and milling cutter), a hob cutter 61, and a controller. The controller, through control of the hydraulic, electrical, and fluid systems, enables the vibrating drilling and milling cutters at each point on the cutterhead to cut circumferential and radial pre-treatment seams on the tunnel face. By pre-cutting seams on the tunnel face, lateral cracks are induced to extend towards the bottom of the pre-cut seams during rock breaking, resulting in more cracks on the tunnel face. This facilitates the division of the complete rock face into multiple incomplete rock faces, aiding in rock breaking and improving construction efficiency.

[0148] In some embodiments, the tunneling cutterhead 100 is bolted to the main drive unit 300. The main drive unit 300 is mounted on the central ring of the front shield 200 and is used to drive the tunneling cutterhead 100 to rotate. The front shield 200 is the support structure for the main drive unit 300 and the tunneling cutterhead 100. The central rotary joint 400 serves as a transmission channel for electricity, hydraulics, and fluid, transmitting these components to the cutterhead. Each hydraulic oil path can be individually controlled to open and close. The controller controls the individual operation of each vibratory drill cutter and collects the drilling and milling parameters of each vibratory drill cutter, feeding them back to the host computer interface. The hobbing cutter 61 is arranged on the main beam of the cutterhead and can roll and break rock as the cutterhead rotates. The first drill cutter is arranged on the secondary beam of the cutterhead and performs circumferential cutting on the working face; the second drill cutter is arranged on the secondary beam of the cutterhead and performs radial cutting on the working face. The controller can individually control the operation, data acquisition, and signal transmission of each vibratory drill cutter arranged on the secondary beam of the cutterhead.

[0149] In some embodiments, the main drive 300 drives the tunneling cutterhead 100 to rotate, and at least one of the first cutter 21 and the second cutter 31 is configured to be in a working state.

[0150] refer to Figure 6 When the first cutter 21 is in working condition, it rotates with the tunneling cutterhead 100. The first cutter 21, with its circumferential points, cuts the tunnel face, forming a trajectory as shown in the figure. Figure 6 The first motion trajectory L1 is shown.

[0151] refer to Figure 7 When the second cutter 31 is in working condition, the second cutter 31 rotates with the tunneling cutterhead 100 and also moves radially. The second cutter 31 with radial points cuts the tunnel face, forming a trajectory as shown in the figure. Figure 7 The second motion trajectory L2 is shown.

[0152] refer to Figure 8When the first cutter 21 and the second cutter 31 are both in operation, the first cutter 21 rotates with the cutterhead 100, and the first cutter 21 with circumferential points cuts the tunnel face; simultaneously, the second cutter 31 rotates with the cutterhead 100 and moves radially, the second cutter 31 with radial points cuts the tunnel face, and the trajectories formed simultaneously in the circumferential and radial directions are as follows. Figure 8 The first motion trajectory L1 and the second motion trajectory L2 are shown.

[0153] refer to Figure 9 When the first cutter 21 and the second cutter 31 are both in operation, the first cutter 21 rotates with the cutterhead 100, and cutters 21 with circumferential points cut the tunnel face. Simultaneously, the second cutter 31 rotates with the cutterhead 100 and moves radially. The radial movement speed of the second cutter 31 is adjustable. The second cutter 31 with radial points cuts the tunnel face, and the trajectories formed simultaneously in the circumferential and radial directions can also be as follows: Figure 9 The first motion trajectory L1 and the third motion trajectory L3 are shown.

[0154] The tunneling cutterhead provided in this invention can pre-treat rock strata, creating radial, circumferential, or radially-circumferentially intersecting pre-treated seams on the intact tunnel face. By pre-cutting these seams on the tunnel face, lateral cracks are induced to propagate towards the bottom of the pre-cut seams during rock breaking, resulting in more cracks on the tunnel face. This allows the intact rock face to be divided into multiple incomplete rock faces, facilitating rock breaking and improving construction efficiency. It solves the problems of low tunneling efficiency, difficulty in cutting tool rock breaking, and severe abrasion in related technologies.

[0155] Based on the various embodiments of the present invention described above, in the absence of explicit denial or conflict, the technical features of one embodiment may be advantageously combined with one or more other embodiments.

[0156] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunneling cutterhead, characterized in that, include: The first beam (1) is the secondary beam of the tunneling cutterhead; A first cutter assembly (2) is disposed on the first beam (1). The first cutter assembly (2) includes a first cutter (21), and the radial distance between the first cutter (21) and the center (101) of the tunneling cutterhead is fixed. The second cutter assembly (3) is disposed on the first beam (1). The second cutter assembly (3) includes a second cutter (31). The second cutter (31) is configured to reciprocate radially along the cutterhead while rotating with the cutterhead. The first cutter (21) and the second cutter (31) are configured to be in working condition and rotate with the tunneling cutterhead to cut the rock strata and cause cracks to form in the rock strata; at least one of the first cutter (21) and the second cutter (31) includes a drill and milling cutter capable of drilling and milling the strata. The second beam (5) is the main beam of the tunneling cutterhead; as well as A third cutter (6) is disposed on the second beam (5), and the third cutter (6) is configured to roll and crush the rock strata.

2. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first cutter assembly (2) is at least two, and the radial distances of the at least two first cutter assemblies (2) from the center (101) of the tunneling cutterhead are the same and / or the radial distances of the at least two first cutter assemblies (2) from the center (101) of the tunneling cutterhead are different. The first cutter assembly (2) is configured to form a circular motion trajectory as the tunneling cutterhead rotates.

3. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second cutter assembly (3) is arranged radially along the cutterhead and extends from the center (101) of the cutterhead to the outer edge of the cutterhead.

4. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 3, characterized in that, At least two second cutter assemblies (3) are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunneling cutterhead.

5. The tunneling cutterhead as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first tool assembly (2) further includes: The shell (41) is disposed on the first beam (1); A first shaft (42) is disposed within the housing (41), with a first end extending outward from the housing (41) and connected to the first cutting tool (21); and A first power member (43) is driven to the first shaft (42), and the first power member (43) is configured to drive the first shaft (42) to rotate so that the first tool (21) rotates.

6. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first tool assembly (2) further includes a cylinder (44) which covers the outer periphery of the first shaft (42). A piston (441) is provided inside the cylinder (44). The piston (441) is connected to the second end of the first shaft (42), and the piston (441) divides the inside of the cylinder (44) into a first chamber (45) and a second chamber (46). The second chamber (46) is configured to inject hydraulic oil to push the first shaft (42) to extend axially.

7. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first shaft (42) includes a connecting part (423), and a first part (421) and a second part (422) located on both sides of the connecting part (423). The radial dimension of the connecting part (423) is larger than the radial dimensions of the first part (421) and the second part (422). The connecting part (423) is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (44) by a spline.

8. The tunneling cutterhead as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The second tool assembly (3) further includes: The guide rail (32) is arranged radially along the cutterhead; The second axis (33) is arranged radially along the cutterhead; Mounting base (34), connected to the second shaft (33) and configured to be movably disposed along the guide rail (32), wherein the second tool (31) is disposed on the mounting base (34); and The second power element (35) is driven to the second shaft (33), and the second power element (35) is configured to drive the mounting base (34) to move along the guide rail (32) via the second shaft (33).

9. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The second tool assembly (3) further includes: Housing (41) is provided on the mounting base (34); A first shaft (42) is disposed within the housing (41), with a first end extending outward from the housing (41) and connected to the second tool (31); and A first power member (43) is driven to the first shaft (42), and the first power member (43) is configured to drive the first shaft (42) to rotate so that the second tool (31) rotates.

10. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The second tool assembly (3) further includes a cylinder (44) which covers the outer periphery of the first shaft (42). A piston (441) is provided inside the cylinder (44). The piston (441) is connected to the second end of the first shaft (42), and the piston (441) divides the inside of the cylinder (44) into a first chamber (45) and a second chamber (46). The second chamber (46) is configured to inject hydraulic oil to push the first shaft (42) to extend axially.

11. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The first shaft (42) includes a connecting part (423), and a first part (421) and a second part (422) located on both sides of the connecting part (423). The radial dimension of the connecting part (423) is larger than the radial dimensions of the first part (421) and the second part (422). The connecting part (423) is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (44) by a spline.

12. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a vibrating element connected to the third cutter (6) and configured to drive the third cutter (6) to vibrate axially.

13. The tunneling cutterhead as described in claim 1 or 12, characterized in that, The third cutting tool (6) includes a hobbing cutter.

14. A tunneling device, characterized in that, Includes a main drive unit (300) and a tunneling cutterhead as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, the main drive unit (300) being drivenly connected to the tunneling cutterhead and configured to drive the tunneling cutterhead to rotate.

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