Anchor cable prestress regulation device and operating method

Abstract

The application relates to an anchor cable prestress regulation device and an operation method, wherein the anchor cable prestress regulation device comprises a prestress adjustment assembly, the prestress adjustment assembly comprises a control structure, a driving structure and an execution structure, the control structure is connected with the driving structure, the driving structure is connected with the execution structure, the execution structure comprises a mechanical hand shell and a mechanical hand, the mechanical hand shell has a containing space, and the mechanical hand is arranged in the containing space; a lock assembly comprises a clamping piece, an inner anchor ring, an outer anchor ring and a lock shell, the clamping piece clamps an anchor cable for a tunnel, the clamping piece is fixed in the inner anchor ring, the inner anchor ring is located in the outer anchor ring and is matched with the outer anchor ring through thread cooperation, and the outer anchor ring is rotatably installed in the lock shell; the mechanical hand is matched with the outer anchor ring to drive the outer anchor ring to rotate, and rotation of the outer anchor ring drives the inner anchor ring to axially move. The application effectively solves the problem that stress compensation of an anchor cable is time-consuming and labor-consuming in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of tunnel anchor cables, and in particular to an anchor cable prestress control device and operating method. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering construction, the stability of tunnels is of paramount importance. Landslides within tunnels can cause significant loss of life and property. Tunnel soil and rock are typically stabilized using anchor cables. During the stabilization of foundation pits, tunnels, and slopes, stress calculations are usually performed first. After the prestressed anchor cables are tensioned, varying degrees of prestress loss occur. At this point, workers need to perform stress compensation on the anchor cables. This stress compensation is usually done manually, requiring multiple checks. Such operations are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and even somewhat dangerous.

[0003] Disadvantages of existing technologies: 1. Existing prestressed anchor cables experience varying degrees of prestress loss during the period before stabilization after tensioning. Current prestress compensation procedures for existing anchor cables are cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. 2. Existing methods for detecting prestress in anchor cables are time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially for anchor cables with distributed pressure. Testing each strand in the anchor cable typically requires expensive testing equipment, resulting in high time costs. 3. For prestressed anchor cables that need to be removed after service, the presence of prestress makes removal difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an anchor cable prestress control device and operating method to solve the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive stress compensation of anchor cables in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an anchor cable prestress adjustment device, comprising: a prestress adjustment assembly, which includes a control structure, a drive structure, and an execution structure. The control structure is connected to the drive structure, and the drive structure is connected to the execution structure. The execution structure includes a manipulator housing and a manipulator. The manipulator housing has a receiving space, and the manipulator is disposed within the receiving space. A locking assembly includes a clamping plate, an inner anchor ring, an outer anchor ring, and a locking housing. The clamping plate clamps the anchor cable used in the tunnel and is fixed inside the inner anchor ring. The inner anchor ring is located inside the outer anchor ring and is threadedly engaged with the outer anchor ring. The outer anchor ring is rotatably installed inside the locking housing. The manipulator cooperates with the outer anchor ring to drive the outer anchor ring to rotate, and the rotation of the outer anchor ring drives the inner anchor ring to move axially.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer anchor ring has a smooth rod section and a nut section, the outer diameter of the smooth rod section is larger than the outer diameter of the nut section, the lock housing has a mounting through hole, the smooth rod section of the outer anchor ring is located in the mounting through hole, the two ends of the mounting through hole have inwardly extending bosses, the bosses form an axial limit on the smooth rod section, the nut section extends to the outside of the lock housing, the robot arm includes a ratchet structure, the ratchet structure has a force application hole, the inner wall of the force application hole has a polygon that matches the outer wall of the nut section.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive structure is a hydraulic structure, and the ratchet structure includes a ratchet and a piston rod. The first end of the piston rod cooperates with the ratchet, and the second end of the piston rod is connected to the drive structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the piston push rod includes a piston body, a first push rod, a second push rod, and a first spring. The accommodating space includes a piston cavity, a ratchet cavity, and a communicating cavity. The piston body is located in the piston cavity. The end of the piston cavity near the ratchet cavity has a first through hole communicating with the hydraulic structure. The end of the piston away from the ratchet cavity has a second through hole communicating with the hydraulic structure. The first end of the first push rod is connected to the piston body. The first push rod passes through the communicating cavity. The second end of the first push rod is located in the ratchet cavity. The second end of the first push rod is rotatably connected to the first end of the second push rod. The second end of the second push rod abuts against the ratchet. The first end of the first spring is connected to the manipulator housing. The second end of the first spring is connected between the first end and the second end of the second push rod so that the second end of the second push rod abuts against the ratchet.

[0009] Furthermore, the piston push rod also includes a sealing cylinder, which is integrally formed with the piston body. The first end of the sealing cylinder is connected to the side of the piston body near the ratchet cavity, and the second end of the sealing cylinder extends into the ratchet cavity. A sealing ring is provided between the inner wall of the communicating cavity and the sealing cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, there are multiple robotic arms, and multiple accommodating spaces corresponding one-to-one with the robotic arms. The first through-hole of each accommodating space is connected in series through a pressurization passage, and the second through-hole of each accommodating space is connected in series through a pressure relief passage.

[0011] Furthermore, the end face of the piston chamber away from the ratchet chamber has a first annular groove to ensure that the pressurization passage is always connected to the first through hole, and the end face of the piston chamber near the ratchet chamber has a second annular groove to ensure that the pressure relief passage is always connected to the second through hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the ratchet structure also includes a check mechanism, which includes a top post and a second spring. The first end of the top post is rotatably connected to the manipulator housing, and the second end of the top post abuts against the ratchet. The first end of the second spring is connected to the manipulator housing, and the second end of the second spring is connected between the first end of the top post and the second end of the top post.

[0013] Furthermore, the control structure includes: a display panel, a hydraulic and axial stress conversion module, and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic structure, electrically connected to the hydraulic and axial stress conversion module, and electrically connected to the display panel.

[0014] According to another aspect of this application, an operation method for adjusting the prestress of an anchor cable is also provided. The operation method employs the aforementioned control device and includes: when increasing the prestress, the locking assembly is installed in conjunction with the anchor cable; the prestress adjustment assembly is engaged with the locking assembly to apply a predetermined prestress to the anchor cable; when decreasing the prestress, the locking assembly is engaged with the anchor cable in the opposite direction to unload the prestress of the anchor cable to the required prestress.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0016] The technical solution of this application, when adding prestress to the anchor cable, first tensions the anchor cable using the locking assembly. After tensioning, the control structure controls the drive structure to drive the execution structure, causing the outer anchor ring of the locking assembly to rotate clockwise. This rotation of the outer anchor ring drives the inner anchor ring to move outward along the axial direction of the outer anchor ring, thus achieving the predetermined prestress in the anchor cable. When unloading the prestress from the anchor cable, the prestress adjustment assembly engages with the outer anchor ring in the opposite direction, causing the outer anchor ring to rotate counterclockwise, thereby reducing the prestress of the anchor cable or even reducing it to zero. The technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive stress compensation for anchor cables in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process structure of the control device according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the execution structure of the control device;

[0021] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the lock assembly of the control device;

[0022] Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the piston body extending from the actuator of the control device;

[0023] Figure 5 It shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the retraction of the piston body of the control device's actuator.

[0024] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 10. Prestressing adjustment assembly; 11. Control structure; 12. Drive structure; 13. Actuation structure; 131. Manipulator housing; 132. Manipulator; 132a. Ratchet; 132b. Piston body; 132c. First push rod; 132d. Second push rod; 132e. First spring; 132f. Anti-reverse structure; 133. Pressurization passage; 134. Pressure relief passage; 20. Locking assembly; 21. Clamping plate; 22. Inner anchor ring; 23. Outer anchor ring; 24. Locking housing; 100. Anchor cable. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an anchor cable prestress adjustment device according to this embodiment includes: a prestress adjustment assembly 10, which includes a control structure 11, a drive structure 12, and an execution structure 13. The control structure 11 is connected to the drive structure 12, and the drive structure 12 is connected to the execution structure 13. The execution structure 13 includes a manipulator housing 131 and a manipulator 132. The manipulator housing 131 has a receiving space, and the manipulator 132 is disposed within the receiving space. A locking assembly 20 includes a clamping piece 21, an inner anchor ring 22, an outer anchor ring 23, and a locking housing 24. The clamping piece 21 clamps the anchor cable 100 used in the tunnel and is fixed inside the inner anchor ring 22. The inner anchor ring 22 is located inside the outer anchor ring 23 and is threadedly engaged with the outer anchor ring 23. The outer anchor ring 23 is rotatably installed inside the locking housing 24. The manipulator 132 cooperates with the outer anchor ring 23 to drive the outer anchor ring 23 to rotate. The rotation of the outer anchor ring 23 drives the inner anchor ring 22 to move axially.

[0028] In this embodiment, the anchor cable 100 is used to fix the rock and soil inside the tunnel. When increasing the prestress of the anchor cable 100, the locking assembly 20 is first used to tension the anchor cable 100. After tensioning, the control structure 11 controls the drive structure 12 to drive the execution structure 13, causing the outer anchor ring 23 of the locking assembly 20 to rotate clockwise. The rotation of the outer anchor ring 23 drives the inner anchor ring 22 to move outward along the axial direction of the outer anchor ring 23, so that the anchor cable 100 reaches the predetermined prestress. When unloading the prestress of the anchor cable 100, the prestress adjustment assembly 10 is engaged with the outer anchor ring 23 in the opposite direction, causing the outer anchor ring 23 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby reducing the prestress of the anchor cable 100 or even reducing it to zero. This embodiment effectively solves the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive stress compensation of the anchor cable 100 in the prior art.

[0029] In this embodiment, the outer anchor ring 23 has a smooth rod section and a nut section. The outer diameter of the smooth rod section is larger than that of the nut section. The lock housing 24 has a mounting through hole. The smooth rod section of the outer anchor ring 23 is located inside the mounting through hole. Both ends of the mounting through hole have inwardly extending bosses that axially limit the smooth rod section. The nut section extends to the outside of the lock housing 24. The manipulator 132 includes a ratchet structure with a force application hole. The inner wall of the force application hole has a polygonal shape that matches the outer wall of the nut section. The smooth rod section is cylindrical, and the mounting through hole is also cylindrical and matches the smooth rod section. This ensures that the outer anchor ring 23 can rotate. The two bosses restrict the outer anchor ring 23 from axial movement. The nut section facilitates the cooperation between the outer anchor section and the prestress adjustment assembly 10. The bosses at both ends of the mounting through hole can be injection molded. In this embodiment, the boss at one end of the mounting through hole is integrally injection molded, while the boss at the other end is formed by a pressure cap. The pressure cap is detachably connected to the robot housing body by fasteners. It should be noted that it is also possible for the outer diameter of the outer anchor section and the outer diameter of the inner anchor section to be the same. A convex ring is provided at the connection between the outer anchor section and the inner anchor section, and a concave ring that matches the convex ring is provided in the mounting through hole. This can also limit the axial movement of the outer anchor ring 23. Furthermore, other methods that can limit the axial movement of the outer anchor ring 23 without limiting its rotation are also possible.

[0030] In this embodiment, the drive structure 12 is a hydraulic structure. The ratchet structure includes a ratchet 132a and a piston rod. The first end of the piston rod engages with the ratchet 132a, and the second end of the piston rod is connected to the drive structure 12. Using a hydraulic structure to drive the piston rod via the drive structure 12 facilitates operation. The ratchet 132a has a through hole in the middle, which engages with the nut section. The through hole is polygonal, serving as a driving surface to drive the outer anchor section. The outer wall of the ratchet 132a has multiple helical teeth facing the same direction, for example, multiple helical teeth simultaneously facing counterclockwise. The piston rod pushes the ratchet 132a to rotate clockwise. The specific structure of the ratchet is not described in detail here. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the prestress adjustment component 10 continuously engages with the locking component 20 during use. This ensures that the prestress of the anchor cable 100 can be adjusted in real time without worrying about changes in the prestress of the anchor cable 100.

[0031] In this embodiment, the piston push rod includes a piston body 132b, a first push rod 132c, a second push rod 132d, and a first spring 132e. The accommodating space includes a piston cavity, a ratchet cavity, and a communicating cavity. The piston body 132b is located inside the piston cavity. The end of the piston cavity near the ratchet cavity has a first through hole communicating with the hydraulic structure, and the end of the piston away from the ratchet cavity has a second through hole communicating with the hydraulic structure. The first end of the first push rod 132c is connected to the piston body 132b. Rod 132c passes through the communicating cavity. The second end of the first push rod 132c is located in the ratchet cavity. The second end of the first push rod 132c is rotatably connected to the first end of the second push rod 132d. The second end of the second push rod 132d abuts against the ratchet 132a. The first end of the first spring 132e is connected to the manipulator housing 131. The second end of the first spring 132e is connected between the first and second ends of the second push rod 132d so that the second end of the second push rod 132d abuts against the ratchet 132a. The first spring 132e pulls the second push rod 132d close to the ratchet 132a, thus preventing misalignment or loosening of the piston push rod and the ratchet 132a. The second end of the first push rod 132c is rotatably connected to the first end of the second push rod 132d. This allows the second push rod 132d to swing freely when the piston push rod pushes one tooth of the ratchet 132a to the next, preventing a rigid fit that could cause the piston push rod and ratchet 132a to jam. It should be noted that the second end of the second push rod 132d has a step. The step furthest from the first push rod 132c is made of the same material as the ratchet 132a, providing a cushioning effect. Alternatively, the second end of the second push rod 132d may be made of a cushioning material. Specifically, the length of the side of the second end of the second push rod 132d furthest from the ratchet 132a is greater than the length of the side of the second end of the step 132d closest to the ratchet 132a. Furthermore, the second ends of the second push rod 132d are all curved. This further prevents jamming between the piston push rod and the ratchet 132a, resulting in a smoother fit.

[0032] In this embodiment, the piston push rod further includes a sealing cylinder, which is integrally formed with the piston body 132b. The first end of the sealing cylinder is connected to the side of the piston body 132b near the ratchet cavity, and the second end of the sealing cylinder extends into the ratchet cavity. A sealing ring is provided between the inner wall of the communicating cavity and the sealing cylinder. The sealing cylinder effectively prevents hydraulic oil from entering the ratchet cavity. The above structure facilitates sealing, and the first push rod 132c is conveniently designed. Specifically, the first end of the first push rod 132c is rotatably connected to the piston body 132b, and there is a gap between the sealing cylinder and the first push rod 132c. This allows the first push rod 132c to swing at a certain angle, meaning it can rotate about the connecting shaft between the first push rod 132c and the piston body 132b. This structure expands the degree of freedom between the first push rod 132c and the second push rod 132d. A sealing ring is also provided between the piston body 132b and the inner wall of the piston chamber. This prevents the hydraulic oil from crossing between the two ends of the piston body 132b. Specifically, the hydraulic oil in the piston body 132b and the piston chamber on the side away from the ratchet chamber will not enter the piston chamber on the side close to the ratchet chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber on the side of the piston body 132b close to the ratchet chamber will not enter the piston chamber on the side away from the ratchet chamber.

[0033] In this embodiment, multiple robotic arms 132 are used, and multiple accommodating spaces correspond one-to-one with each robotic arm 132. The first through-holes of each accommodating space are connected in series via a pressurization passage 133, and the second through-holes of each accommodating space are connected in series via a pressure relief passage 134. This structure significantly improves the efficiency of the control device, allowing the same control device to simultaneously apply prestress to multiple anchor cables. It should be noted that in this embodiment, multiple robotic arms 132 are housed within the same robotic arm housing 131. Multiple robotic arm housings 131 can be mounted on the same hydraulic structure, further improving efficiency. When multiple robotic arm housings 131 are connected to the same hydraulic structure simultaneously, the outlet of the hydraulic structure is equipped with a multi-point distribution pipe, on which a solenoid valve is installed. The working state of the robotic arm 132 is controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the solenoid valve. The first through holes of multiple accommodating spaces on the same robotic arm housing 131 are connected in series through a pressure passage 133. This ensures that the robotic arm on the same robotic arm housing 131 applies the same force, eliminating the need for stress testing of each anchor cable individually, thus greatly improving efficiency. Similarly, the second through holes of the same robotic arm housing 131 are connected in series through a pressure relief passage 134, ensuring that the robotic arm on the same robotic arm housing 131 applies the same force.

[0034] It should be noted that the aforementioned pressurization passage 133 and pressure relief passage 134 are passages located within the robotic arm housing 131, thus eliminating the need for separate piping. This structure results in a compact design, resistance to damage, and a longer service life. In this embodiment, there are three accommodating spaces arranged in a triangular configuration.

[0035] In this embodiment, the end face of the piston chamber away from the ratchet chamber has a first annular groove to ensure constant communication between the pressurization passage 133 and the first through hole. The end face of the piston chamber near the ratchet chamber has a second annular groove to ensure constant communication between the pressure relief passage 134 and the second through hole. This structure ensures that even when the piston body 132b abuts against the wall of the piston chamber away from the ratchet chamber, hydraulic oil will still pass through the first annular groove. Specifically, the circular structure of the first annular groove greatly reduces resistance. The inlet and outlet of the hydraulic oil in the same piston chamber of the pressurization passage 133 are located at opposite ends of the diameter passing through the center of the first annular groove, thus ensuring the synchronicity of hydraulic oil flow. Similarly, the circular structure of the second annular groove greatly reduces resistance. The inlet and outlet of the hydraulic oil in the same piston chamber of the pressure relief passage 134 are located at opposite ends of the diameter passing through the center of the second annular groove, thus ensuring the synchronicity of hydraulic oil flow.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the manipulator housing 131 is a cylinder with a small portion cut along a plane parallel to the axis of the cylinder. The first hydraulic oil port (hydraulic oil inlet and hydraulic oil outlet) of the manipulator housing 131, which is connected to the pressurization passage 133, is located on the plane of the manipulator housing 131. The second hydraulic oil port (hydraulic oil inlet and hydraulic oil outlet) of the manipulator housing 131, which is connected to the pressure relief passage 134, is located on the plane of the manipulator housing 131. The first hydraulic oil port is connected to the first annular groove of the first piston chamber through the first connecting passage inside the manipulator housing 131. The other end of the first annular groove is connected to the first annular groove of the second piston chamber through the first pressurization passage. The other end of the first annular groove of the second piston chamber is connected to the first annular groove of the third piston chamber through the second pressurization passage. The second hydraulic oil port is connected to the second annular groove of the third piston chamber through the second connecting passage inside the manipulator housing 131. The other end of the second annular groove is connected to the second annular groove of the second piston chamber through the first pressure relief passage. The other end of the second annular groove of the second piston chamber is connected to the second annular groove of the third piston chamber through the second pressure relief passage.

[0037] When it is necessary to increase the prestress, the control structure 11 controls the hydraulic structure to input hydraulic oil into the first hydraulic chamber, the second hydraulic chamber, and the third hydraulic chamber through the first hydraulic port. The piston push rod pushes the ratchet 132a to rotate clockwise. The ratchet 132a drives the outer anchor ring to rotate. The threaded engagement of the outer anchor ring 23 and the inner anchor ring 22 drives the axial movement of the inner anchor ring 22. The inner anchor ring 22 drives the clamp 21 to increase the prestress of the anchor cable. At this time, the prestress of the three anchor cables 100 is increased simultaneously (if the prestress of any anchor cable 100 is greater than the prestress brought by the hydraulic structure, that anchor cable 100 will not move). After the piston push rod is pushed to the limit position, the second hydraulic port injects hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil pressure of the first hydraulic port decreases, and the piston push rod retracts to the next tooth of the ratchet 132a to push repeatedly (during this process, the ratchet 132a will not reverse under the action of the anti-reverse structure 132f) until the prestress meets the requirements. When it is necessary to reduce the prestress, the prestress adjustment component 10 is reversed, that is, the side facing the locking component 20 when increasing the prestress is changed to the side away from the locking component 20, so that the prestress of the anchor cable 100 can be reduced.

[0038] In this embodiment, the ratchet structure further includes a check mechanism 132f. The check mechanism 132f includes a top post and a second spring. The first end of the top post is rotatably connected to the robotic arm housing 131, and the second end of the top post abuts against the ratchet 132a. The first end of the second spring is connected to the robotic arm housing 131, and the second end of the second spring is connected between the first and second ends of the top post. This structure is convenient to operate and compact. The second spring applies a force to the top post to abut against the ratchet 132a, thus ensuring that the ratchet 132a and the top post will not become loose, preventing the ratchet 132a from reversing. It should be noted that the accommodating space has protrusions located on both sides of the top post, which limit the extreme position of the top post's swing.

[0039] In this embodiment, the control structure 11 includes a display panel, a hydraulic and axial stress conversion module, and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic structure and electrically connected to the hydraulic and axial stress conversion module. The display panel is also electrically connected to the hydraulic and axial stress conversion module. The display panel enables visual management, allowing operators to easily determine the prestress of the anchor cable 100 through its readings. The hydraulic and axial stress conversion module further facilitates the determination of the prestress of the anchor cable 100. The control structure also includes a control module electrically connected to the display panel, which is a touchscreen. Parameters are set via the touchscreen, and the control module controls the drive structure 12 based on these settings. This structure results in a high degree of automation for the anchor cable prestress control device.

[0040] This application discloses a method for adjusting the prestress of an anchor cable. The method employs the aforementioned control device and includes the following steps: When increasing the prestress, the locking assembly 20 is installed in conjunction with the anchor cable, and the prestress adjustment assembly 10 is engaged with the locking assembly 20 to apply a predetermined prestress to the anchor cable. When decreasing the prestress, the locking assembly 20 is reversed and engaged with the anchor cable to unload the prestress to the required prestress. This method is time-saving, labor-saving, and cost-effective, as the prestress of the anchor cable 100 can be adjusted using a single control device. It should be noted that the pressure within the hydraulic structure must be stable and balanced when increasing the prestress.

[0041] In summary, the control device of this application, when prestressing the anchor cable, applies a torque in the prestressing direction to the outer anchor ring 23. The threads of the outer anchor ring 23 and the inner anchor ring 22 interact to transmit the torque, thereby driving the clamping plate 21. The clamping plate 21 locks the anchor cable 100 and moves it in the prestressing direction to achieve the purpose of prestress compensation. The locking housing 24 is responsible for connecting with external anchor blocks, etc. During prestress compensation prestressing or unloading, hydraulic oil enters from the oil inlet (first hydraulic oil port or second hydraulic oil port), first pushing the piston body 132b. The hydraulic oil then enters the series oil circuit (pressurization passage 133 or pressure relief passage 134), thereby pushing the piston body 132b to move. The hydraulic oil then enters the series oil circuit (pressure relief passage 134 or pressurization passage 133), finally pushing the piston body 132b. Based on this principle, pushing the outer anchor ring 23 applies torque to the steel strand lock (lock assembly 20), thereby pre-tightening or unloading the steel strand. The piston body 132b is pushed in the direction of torque application.

[0042] After completing one torque application cycle, hydraulic oil enters through the oil inlet, first pushing the piston body 132b; then the hydraulic oil enters the series oil circuit, further pushing the piston body 132b; finally, the hydraulic oil enters the series oil circuit again, pushing the piston body 132b. Following this principle, the outer anchor ring 23 is driven to begin the next torque application cycle. During this phase, the piston body 132b is pushed in the opposite direction to the torque application direction.

[0043] Because of the series oil circuit of this control device, the control device can apply the same torque to each steel strand lock, adjust the oil pressure as needed, and tension each steel strand lock to the same torque, so that the prestress on each steel strand is the same.

[0044] The robotic arm housing 131 of this application is provided with a handle hole for easy installation during construction. When torque is applied, hydraulic oil enters through the oil inlet and then enters the next series oil circuit, simultaneously pushing the piston body. The connecting rod drives the ratchet teeth of the ratchet, which in turn pushes the ratchet. The anti-reverse structure 132f prevents the ratchet from rotating, and the first spring ensures that the ratchet remains in contact with the piston push rod.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An anchorage cable prestress regulating device, characterized in that, include: A prestress adjustment assembly (10) includes a control structure (11), a drive structure (12), and an execution structure (13). The control structure (11) is connected to the drive structure (12), and the drive structure (12) is connected to the execution structure (13). The execution structure (13) includes a manipulator housing (131) and a manipulator (132). The manipulator housing (131) has a receiving space, and the manipulator (132) is disposed within the receiving space. The lock assembly (20) includes a clamp (21), an inner anchor ring (22), an outer anchor ring (23), and a lock housing (24). The clamp (21) clamps the anchor cable (100) for the tunnel. The clamp (21) is fixed inside the inner anchor ring (22). The inner anchor ring (22) is located inside the outer anchor ring (23) and is threadedly engaged with the outer anchor ring (23). The outer anchor ring (23) is rotatably installed inside the lock housing (24). The robotic arm (132) cooperates with the outer anchor ring (23) to drive the outer anchor ring (23) to rotate, and the rotation of the outer anchor ring (23) drives the inner anchor ring (22) to move axially; The robotic arm (132) includes a ratchet structure; The drive structure (12) is a hydraulic structure. The ratchet structure includes a ratchet (132a) and a piston rod. The first end of the piston rod is engaged with the ratchet (132a), and the second end of the piston rod is connected to the drive structure (12). The piston push rod includes a piston body (132b), a first push rod (132c), a second push rod (132d), and a first spring (132e). The accommodating space includes a piston cavity, a ratchet cavity, and a communicating cavity. The piston body (132b) is located within the piston cavity. The piston cavity has a first through hole communicating with the hydraulic structure at one end near the ratchet cavity, and a second through hole communicating with the hydraulic structure at the other end away from the ratchet cavity. The first end of the first push rod (132c) is connected to the piston body (132b), and the first push rod (132c) passes through the piston body (132b). Within the communicating cavity, the second end of the first push rod (132c) is located within the ratchet cavity. The second end of the first push rod (132c) is rotatably connected to the first end of the second push rod (132d). The second end of the second push rod (132d) abuts against the ratchet (132a). The first end of the first spring (132e) is connected to the manipulator housing (131). The second end of the first spring (132e) is connected between the first end and the second end of the second push rod (132d) so that the second end of the second push rod (132d) abuts against the ratchet (132a). The ratchet structure also includes a check mechanism (132f), which includes a top post and a second spring. The first end of the top post is rotatably connected to the manipulator housing (131), and the second end of the top post abuts against the ratchet (132a). The first end of the second spring is connected to the manipulator housing (131), and the second end of the second spring is connected between the first end of the top post and the second end of the top post.

2. The anchor cable prestress adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer anchor ring (23) has a smooth rod section and a nut section. The outer diameter of the smooth rod section is larger than the outer diameter of the nut section. The lock housing (24) has a mounting through hole. The smooth rod section of the outer anchor ring (23) is located in the mounting through hole. Both ends of the mounting through hole have inwardly extending bosses. The bosses form an axial limit on the smooth rod section. The nut section extends to the outside of the lock housing (24). The ratchet structure has a force application hole. The inner wall of the force application hole has a polygon that matches the outer wall of the nut section.

3. The anchor cable prestress adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston push rod also includes a sealing cylinder, which is integrally formed with the piston body (132b). The first end of the sealing cylinder is connected to the side of the piston body (132b) near the ratchet cavity, and the second end of the sealing cylinder extends into the ratchet cavity. A sealing ring is provided between the inner wall of the communicating cavity and the sealing cylinder.

4. The anchor cable prestress adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple robotic arms (132), and multiple accommodating spaces corresponding one-to-one with each robotic arm (132). The first through holes of each accommodating space are connected in series through a pressurization passage (133), and the second through holes of each accommodating space are connected in series through a pressure relief passage (134).

5. The anchor cable prestress adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston chamber has a first annular groove on the end face away from the ratchet chamber so that the pressurization passage (133) is always connected to the first through hole, and the piston chamber has a second annular groove on the end face near the ratchet chamber so that the pressure relief passage (134) is always connected to the second through hole.

6. The anchor cable prestress adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control structure (11) includes: a display panel, a hydraulic and axial stress conversion module and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic structure, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the hydraulic and axial stress conversion module, and the display panel is electrically connected to the hydraulic and axial stress conversion module.

7. A method for adjusting the prestress of anchor cables, characterized in that, The operation method employs the control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the operation method includes: When increasing the preload, The locking assembly (20) is installed in conjunction with the anchor cable (100); The prestress adjustment assembly (10) is used in conjunction with the locking assembly (20) to apply a predetermined preload to the anchor cable (100); When reducing the preload, The locking assembly (20) is reversed and engaged with the anchor cable (100) to unload the prestress of the anchor cable (100) to the required preload.

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