A stiffness testing bench with torque load

Abstract

This invention relates to a stiffness testing bench with torque load, comprising a base (1), an axial loading cylinder (4), a radial loading cylinder (5), a fixed end connecting flange (6-1), a loading end connecting flange (6-2), a leveling device (7), a torque loading device (8), and a clamping seat (9). The invention is characterized in that, before the test begins, the leveling device (7) is used to lift the torque loading device (8), making the rotation axes of the fixed end connecting flange (6-1), the elastic coupling under test (2), the loading end connecting flange (6-2), the torque loading device (8), and the axial loading cylinder (4) coaxial. The stiffness testing bench with torque load of this invention can simultaneously measure the axial and radial stiffness of the elastic coupling under load, promoting the widespread adoption and application of elastic couplings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment performance testing technology, and in particular to a test bench for testing the static stiffness of an elastic coupling under applied torque load. Background Technology

[0002] Flexible couplings can compensate for axial, radial, or angular misalignment of the shaft system during operation, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the shaft system equipment. Due to the widespread implementation of flexible installations in main engines and other systems, the performance requirements for flexible couplings in marine power systems are becoming increasingly stringent. These couplings must be able to compensate for increasingly larger shaft misalignments and exert increasingly smaller additional reaction forces on the shaft system equipment, i.e., smaller axial and radial stiffness. For couplings with rubber elastic elements, their stiffness performance is related to the transmitted torque load; that is, the axial and radial stiffness of the coupling differs depending on the torque load transmitted. Currently, the stiffness of flexible couplings is typically obtained through two methods: 1) establishing a solid model of the flexible coupling and calculating the dynamic and static stiffness using finite element analysis; 2) conducting stiffness tests on the flexible coupling using a testing platform. However, both methods have limitations. For the first method, although it has been widely used in the design and production of flexible couplings, due to the wide variety of flexible coupling forms and types, as well as the different working modes and installation conditions, a universally accepted and mature calculation method has not yet been formed, and the accuracy of the calculation cannot be guaranteed. In particular, it is even more difficult to accurately calculate the stiffness value at a specific speed and a specific ambient temperature. For the second method, it is necessary to develop a higher quality and more multifunctional testing platform to measure the stiffness of the coupling under torque load.

[0003] In the prior art, Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd.'s invention patent CN107345882B describes a device for testing the torsional performance of couplings. This device uses a hydraulic assembly to apply circumferential loading to the coupling and includes a heat-insulating chamber to maintain the temperature of the component under test. However, it lacks the function of testing axial and radial stiffness. China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation's 711 Research Institute's utility model patent CN202057560U describes a device for testing the radial stiffness of highly elastic couplings. The advantage of this device is that it ensures that the tested highly elastic coupling will not bend under radial loading. However, it requires two identical couplings as test pieces and cannot perform radial stiffness testing under torsion. The aforementioned test benches can only test the stiffness performance of elastic couplings in a single direction. This is mainly because load excitation causes deformation in the corresponding direction while also generating displacement in other degrees of freedom. Elastic couplings are generally complex structures including rubber and metal springs, making it difficult to accurately decompose the displacement according to structural mechanics theory, leading to inaccurate radial stiffness measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a stiffness testing bench with torque load, which can simultaneously measure the axial and radial stiffness of flexible couplings under load, thereby promoting the widespread adoption and application of flexible couplings.

[0005] The specific technical solution of this invention is a stiffness testing bench with torque load, comprising a base, an axial loading cylinder, a radial loading cylinder, a fixed end connecting flange, a loading end connecting flange, a leveling device, a torque loading device, and a clamping seat, characterized in that...

[0006] The clamping seat is fixedly installed at one end of the base.

[0007] The fixed end connecting flange is fixedly connected to the left end flange of the elastic coupling under test, and the fixed end connecting flange is fixedly connected to the clamping seat.

[0008] The loading end connecting flange is fixedly connected to the right end flange of the elastic coupling under test.

[0009] One end of the torque loading device is fixedly connected to the loading end connecting flange.

[0010] The cylinder body of the axial loading cylinder is fixedly mounted on the other end of the base, and the free end of the piston rod of the axial loading cylinder rests against the other end of the torque loading device.

[0011] The leveling device is fixedly installed on the base, located below the torque loading device. The leveling device includes a lifting cylinder, which can adjust the vertical position of the rotation axis of the torque loading device.

[0012] The cylinder body of the radial loading cylinder is fixedly mounted on the base, and the free end of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder rests against the torque loading device. The axis of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder passes through the rotation axis of the torque loading device.

[0013] The aforementioned stiffness testing bench with torque load is used to test the elastic coupling under test. One end of the elastic coupling under test is fixedly connected to the fixed end flange, and the other end is connected to the loading end flange. The torque loading device is used to transmit the test torque to the elastic coupling under test.

[0014] Before the test begins, the torque loading device is raised using the leveling device to make the fixed end connecting flange, the elastic coupling under test, the loading end connecting flange, the rotation axis of the torque loading device, and the axial loading cylinder coaxial.

[0015] Furthermore, the leveling device includes a leveling base, a lifting cylinder, a guide sleeve, a guide rod, an intermediate plate, a rolling plate, a V-shaped support, a handwheel, universal balls, and a ball fixing plate. The leveling base is fixedly installed on a base and has a horizontal top plate. The guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the top plate, and the guide rod is installed in the guide sleeve and can slide vertically in cooperation with the guide sleeve. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is fixed on the leveling base, and the free end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder can lift the guide rod. The upper end of the guide rod is equipped with the horizontal intermediate plate, and the intermediate plate is equipped with the... The rolling plate has a rolling plane and four mutually perpendicular side plates surrounding the rolling plane. The lower surface of the ball bearing fixing plate has a groove. There are multiple universal balls, which are pressed between the groove on the lower surface of the ball bearing fixing plate and the rolling plane of the rolling plate. The handwheel has a push rod with external thread. There are four handwheels, and their push rods pass vertically through four through holes with internal threads on the four side plates of the rolling plate. The push rods of the four handwheels abut against the four sides of the ball bearing fixing plate. The V-shaped support has a V-shaped plane for lifting the torque loading device.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes torque loading cylinders. The torque loading device includes a bearing housing, a deep groove ball bearing, a bearing sleeve, a bearing end cover, a baffle, a sprocket, and a plate chain. The bearing housing includes a sprocket mounting plate and a bearing mounting post. The sprocket is mounted on the outer circumference of the sprocket mounting plate. The bearing sleeve is rotatably mounted on the bearing mounting post via the deep groove ball bearing. The bearing end cover is located on the side of the deep groove ball bearing and is blocked by the baffle. The loading end connecting flange is fixedly mounted on the bearing mounting post. The free end of the piston rod of the axial loading cylinder rests on the center of the outer surface of the sprocket mounting plate. There are two torque loading cylinders. The plate chain cooperates with the sprocket. The free ends of the piston rods of the two torque loading cylinders are respectively connected to the two ends of the plate chain.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) The stiffness test bench with torque load of this invention has a torque loading device, which can perform static stiffness tests on couplings under torque load; 2) The rolling surface in the leveling device has a structure of "1 layer rolling plate + universal ball + ball fixing plate", which can adjust the horizontal height of the test piece and realize displacement adjustment in the XY plane, avoiding interference that may be caused by the axial runout of the test piece during radial and axial loading and stiffness testing; 3) The plate chain structure of the torque loading device can reduce the shaft end reaction force when the coupling is subjected to axial and radial loading while providing torque.

[0018] The stiffness test bench with torque load of the present invention decouples the three degrees of freedom of the coupling in the radial, axial and circumferential directions. It can simultaneously test the axial and radial stiffness of the coupling under torque load, and has the advantages of being multifunctional, easy to operate and accurate and reliable test results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 Top view of the stiffness test bench under torque load;

[0020] Figure 2 A front sectional view of a stiffness test bench under torque load;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view (excluding the torque loading device above the leveling device);

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 BB cross-section diagram in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the torque loading device of a stiffness test bench with torque load;

[0024] The components include: base 1, tested flexible coupling 2, torque loading cylinder 3, axial loading cylinder 4, radial loading cylinder 5, fixed end connecting flange 6-1, loading end connecting flange 6-2, leveling device 7, torque loading device 8, and clamping seat 9.

[0025] Leveling base 7-1, lifting cylinder 7-2, guide sleeve 7-3, guide rod 7-4, intermediate plate 7-5, rolling plate 7-6, V-shaped support 7-7, handwheel 7-8, universal ball bearing 7-9, ball bearing fixing plate 7-10

[0026] Bearing housing 8-1, deep groove ball bearing 8-2, bearing sleeve 8-3, bearing end cover 8-4, baffle 8-5, sprocket 8-6. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a stiffness test bench with torque load according to the present invention includes a base 1, a torque loading cylinder 3, an axial loading cylinder 4, a radial loading cylinder 5, a fixed end connecting flange 6-1, a fixed end connecting flange 6-2, a leveling device 7, a torque loading device 8, and a clamping seat 9.

[0029] The clamping seat 9 is fixedly installed at one end of the base 1.

[0030] The fixed end connecting flange 6-1 is fixedly connected to the left end flange of the elastic coupling 2 under test, and the fixed end connecting flange 6-1 is fixedly connected to the clamping seat 9.

[0031] The loading end connecting flange 6-2 is fixedly connected to the right end flange of the elastic coupling 2 under test. The loading end connecting flange 6-2 has screw holes for screws to fix the right end flange of the elastic coupling 2 under test. The loading end connecting flange 6-2 is fixedly connected to the bearing mounting column of the bearing seat 8-1 of the torque loading device 8.

[0032] The torque loading device 8 includes a bearing housing 8-1, a deep groove ball bearing 8-2, a bearing sleeve 8-3, a bearing end cover 8-4, a baffle 8-5, a sprocket 8-6, and a plate chain. The bearing housing 8-1 includes a sprocket mounting plate and a bearing mounting post. The sprocket 8-6 is mounted on the outer circumference of the sprocket mounting plate. The bearing sleeve 8-3 is rotatably mounted on the bearing mounting post via the deep groove ball bearing 8-2. The bearing end cover 8-4 is located on the side of the deep groove ball bearing 8-2 and is blocked by the baffle 8-5. The free end of the piston rod of the axial loading cylinder 4 rests on the center of the outer surface of the sprocket mounting plate. There are two torque loading cylinders 3, namely torque loading cylinder one and torque loading cylinder two. The plate chain cooperates with the sprocket 8-6. The free ends of the piston rods of torque loading cylinder one and torque loading cylinder two are respectively connected to the two ends of the plate chain. The plate chain can reduce the restriction of shaft end freedom during axial and radial loading while providing torque. The torque couple is always in the defect direction, avoiding the generation of radial reaction force and affecting the stiffness test results. The cylinder body of the axial loading cylinder 4 is fixedly installed at the other end of the base 1, and the free end of the piston rod of the axial loading cylinder 4 rests against the other end of the torque loading device 8.

[0033] The leveling device 7 is fixedly installed on the base 1 and located below the torque loading device 8. The leveling device 7 includes a lifting cylinder 7-2, which can adjust the vertical position of the rotation axis of the torque loading device 8.

[0034] The leveling device 7 includes a leveling base 7-1, a lifting cylinder 7-2, a guide sleeve 7-3, a guide rod 7-4, an intermediate plate 7-5, a rolling plate 7-6, a V-shaped support 7-7, a handwheel 7-8, universal ball bearings 7-9, and a ball bearing fixing plate 7-10. The leveling base 7-1 is fixedly mounted on the base 1 and has a horizontal top plate. The guide sleeve 7-3 is fixedly mounted on the top plate. The guide rod 7-4 is installed in the guide sleeve 7-3 and can slide vertically in cooperation with the guide sleeve 7-3. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 7-2 is fixed to the leveling base 7-1. The free end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 7-2 can lift the guide rod 7-4. The upper end of the guide rod 7-4 is fitted with the horizontal intermediate plate 7-5, and the rolling plate 7-6 is mounted on the intermediate plate 7-5. The rolling plate 7-6 can also slide horizontally relative to the intermediate plate 7-5, serving as a coarse adjustment positioning for the V-shaped support 7-7. The rolling plate 7-6 has a rolling plane and four mutually perpendicular side plates surrounding the rolling plane. The lower surface of the ball bearing fixing plate 7-10 has a groove. Multiple universal balls 7-9 are pressed between the groove on the lower surface of the ball bearing fixing plate 7-10 and the rolling plane of the rolling plate 7-6. Four handwheels 7-8 have push rods with external threads. The push rods of the four handwheels 7-8 pass vertically through four through holes with internal threads on the four side plates of the rolling plate 7-6. The push rods of the four handwheels 7-8 rest against the four sides of the ball bearing fixing plate 7-10. Rotating the four handwheels 7-8 respectively enables fine-tuning in the X and Y directions during leveling, with the X and Y directions perpendicular. The V-shaped support 7-7 has a V-shaped plane for lifting the torque loading device 8. The V-shaped support 7-7 has a V-shaped flat surface that rests on the cylindrical outer surface of the bearing sleeve 8-3 of the torque loading device 8, and can be adjusted up and down and moved left and right and forward and backward by the leveling device 7. It can change the sliding friction between the shaft section and the support 7-7 during torque loading into rolling friction, reducing the influence of the frictional force of torque loading on the stiffness test.

[0035] The cylinder body of the radial loading cylinder 5 is fixedly mounted on the base 1. The free end of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder 5 rests on the outer surface of the cylindrical bearing sleeve 8-3 of the torque loading device 8. The axis of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder 5 passes through the rotation axis of the torque loading device 8.

[0036] The stiffness test bench with torque load is used to test the elastic coupling 2 under test. One end of the elastic coupling 2 under test is fixedly connected to the fixed end connecting flange 6-1, and the other end of the elastic coupling 2 under test is connected to the loading end connecting flange 6-2. The torque loading device 8 is used to transmit the test torque to the elastic coupling 2 under test.

[0037] Before the test begins, the leveling device 7 is used to lift the torque loading device 8 so that the fixed end connecting flange 6-1, the elastic coupling under test 2, the loading end connecting flange 6-2, the rotation axis of the torque loading device 8, and the axial loading cylinder 4 are coaxial.

[0038] The present invention provides a method for testing the stiffness of flexible couplings using a stiffness test bench under torque load, comprising the following steps:

[0039] 1) Install the loading device and the test specimen. Install the leveling device 7 and the torque loading device 8 on the base 1 of the stiffness test bench; then remove the fixing hooks installed on the leveling device 7 for convenient overall transportation; adjust the handwheel 7-8 on the leveling device 7 as needed; install the coupling 2 to be tested on the base 1, with the left end connected to the clamping seat 9 through the fixed end connecting flange 6-1, and the right end connected to the torque loading device 8 through the loading end connecting flange 6-2.

[0040] The leveling device 7 lifts the torque loading device 8, causing the axis of the tested flexible coupling 2 to become horizontal. Two dial indicators are placed between the bottom reference plane of the base 1 and the bottom of the intermediate shaft of the tested flexible coupling 2. Oil is supplied to the lifting cylinder 7-2 of the leveling device 7 to apply a vertically upward load to the loading end (right end) of the tested flexible coupling 2, and the values ​​of dial indicators 1 and 2 are observed. When the values ​​of the two dial indicators are close to the same, the axis of the tested flexible coupling 2 is adjusted to a near-horizontal state. The locking nut on the leveling device 7 is tightened to lock the rolling plate 7-6 onto the intermediate plate 7-5. With this state as the initial state, radial and axial stiffness performance tests are carried out. The main reason for adjusting the axis of the tested flexible coupling 2 to a horizontal state before the test is to reduce the influence of the misalignment of the flange height at both ends of the tested flexible coupling 2 on the test results.

[0041] 2) Apply torque load. Supply oil to torque loading cylinder 3. The specific loading force can be obtained by converting the pressure gauge value on the hydraulic pump with the area of ​​the hydraulic cylinder; measure that the flexible coupling 2 has entered the rated load state.

[0042] Axial stiffness test was performed. A dial indicator (dial indicator 1) was placed at the loading end (right end) of the elastic coupling 2, and a dial indicator (dial indicator 2) was placed at the connection between the elastic coupling 2 and the fixed end flange 6-1. Axial loading was performed by supplying oil to the axial loading cylinder 4, and the dial indicator data was observed. The loading was paused and the data was recorded every time the displacement of the loading end increased by 1 mm.

[0043] Radial stiffness test was performed. A dial indicator (dial indicator 1) was placed at the loading end (right end) of the elastic coupling 2 under test, and a dial indicator (dial indicator 2) was placed at the connection between the elastic coupling 2 under test and the loading end connecting flange 6-2. Radial loading was performed by supplying oil to the radial loading cylinder 5, and the dial indicator data was observed. The loading was paused and the data was recorded every time the displacement of the loading end increased by 1 mm.

[0044] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, these embodiments are not intended to limit the invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are also within the scope of protection of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A stiffness testing bench with torque load, comprising a base (1), a torque loading cylinder (3), an axial loading cylinder (4), a radial loading cylinder (5), a fixed end connecting flange (6-1), a loading end connecting flange (6-2), a leveling device (7), a torque loading device (8), and a clamping seat (9), characterized in that, The clamping seat (9) is fixedly installed at one end of the base (1); the fixed end connecting flange (6-1) is fixedly connected to the left end flange of the elastic coupling under test (2), and the fixed end connecting flange (6-1) is fixedly connected to the clamping seat (9); the loading end connecting flange (6-2) is fixedly connected to the right end flange of the elastic coupling under test (2); one end of the torque loading device (8) is fixedly connected to the loading end connecting flange (6-2); The cylinder body of the axial loading cylinder (4) is fixedly installed at the other end of the base (1), and the free end of the piston rod of the axial loading cylinder (4) is pressed against the other end of the torque loading device (8). The leveling device (7) is fixedly installed on the base (1) and located below the torque loading device (8). The leveling device (7) includes a lifting cylinder (7-2), which can adjust the vertical position of the rotation axis of the torque loading device (8). The cylinder body of the radial loading cylinder (5) is fixedly installed on the base (1). The free end of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder (5) rests on the cylindrical outer surface of the bearing sleeve (8-3) of the torque loading device (8). The axis of the piston rod of the radial loading cylinder (5) passes through the rotation axis of the torque loading device (8). One end of the tested flexible coupling (2) is fixedly connected to the fixed end connecting flange (6-1), and the other end of the tested flexible coupling (2) is connected to the loading end connecting flange (6-2). The torque loading device (8) is used to transmit the test torque to the tested flexible coupling (2). Before the test begins, the leveling device (7) is used to lift the torque loading device (8) so that the fixed end connecting flange (6-1), the elastic coupling under test (2), the loading end connecting flange (6-2), the rotation axis of the torque loading device (8), and the axial loading cylinder (4) are coaxial. When applying torque load, oil is supplied to the torque loading cylinder (3). The specific loading force is obtained by converting the pressure gauge value on the hydraulic pump with the area of ​​the hydraulic cylinder, so that the tested elastic coupling (2) enters the rated load state. During the radial stiffness test, a dial indicator is placed at the loading end of the tested elastic coupling (2) and at the connection between the tested elastic coupling (2) and the loading end connecting flange (6-2). Radial loading is performed by supplying oil to the radial loading cylinder (5). The dial indicator data is observed. The loading is paused and the data is recorded once for every 1 mm increase in the displacement of the loading end.

2. The stiffness testing rig with torque load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling device (7) includes a leveling base (7-1), a lifting cylinder (7-2), a guide sleeve (7-3), a guide rod (7-4), an intermediate plate (7-5), and a V-shaped support (7-7). The leveling base (7-1) is fixedly installed on the base (1). The leveling base (7-1) has a horizontal top plate. The guide sleeve (7-3) is fixedly installed on the top plate. The guide rod (7-4) is installed in the guide sleeve (7-3) and can slide vertically with the guide sleeve (7-3). The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder (7-2) is fixed on the leveling base (7-1). The free end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (7-2) can lift the guide rod (7-4). The upper end of the guide rod (7-4) is equipped with the horizontal intermediate plate (7-5). A rolling plate (7-6) is installed on the intermediate plate (7-5). The V-shaped support (7-7) has a V-shaped plane and is used to lift the torque loading device (8).

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