Large segment steel box girder manufacturing anti-deformation control method considering residual stress effect

Abstract

The application provides a large-section steel box girder manufacturing reverse deformation control method considering residual stress effect, which comprises the following steps: solving simulated longitudinal residual deformation of each point in the transverse direction of the top plate; solving simulated longitudinal residual deformation of each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate; solving simulated longitudinal residual deformation of each point in the transverse direction of the top plate in the welding state of the top plate of the adjacent small section; solving simulated longitudinal residual deformation of each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate in the welding state of the bottom plate of the two adjacent small sections; taking a small-section steel box girder as the minimum calculation unit, separately calculating the top plate and the bottom plate of each small-section steel box girder, superimposing the residual deformation caused by the welding of the U-shaped stiffening rib and the butt welding of the small-section steel box girder, and finally obtaining the total deformation of the single small-section steel box girder, that is, the reverse deformation value; and the reverse deformation control is performed on the top plate and the bottom plate of the steel box girder according to the reverse deformation value, so that the influence of the residual deformation of the large-section steel box girder manufacturing caused by the welding residual stress effect on the linear shape of the large-section steel box girder is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel box girder manufacturing technology, and in particular to a method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders that takes into account the effect of residual stress. Background Technology

[0002] Steel box girder bridges offer numerous advantages over concrete girder bridges, including lighter weight, higher load-bearing capacity, easier construction, and convenient maintenance, making them widely used in various highway and railway construction projects. The large-segment hoisting method, one of the many construction methods for steel box girder bridges, boasts advantages such as fast construction speed and high construction quality, and is often used in the construction of extra-large bridges spanning rivers and seas. The large-segment hoisting method involves assembling prefabricated steel box girder segments directly into large span segments in the factory. These segments are then transported to the bridge site by vehicles or ships, and finally lifted to the designed position using large lifting equipment such as floating cranes. The manufacturing process of large-segment steel box girders requires multiple welding processes, including welding of U-rib stiffening plates and circumferential welding of the small-segment steel box girders. The residual deformation caused by welding residual stress will alter the manufacturing profile of the large-segment steel box girder. Furthermore, once the large-segment steel box girder is hoisted and the circumferential welds between the segments are completed, the final bridge configuration is determined, making it difficult to effectively adjust internal forces and alignment thereafter. Therefore, controlling the residual deformation caused by residual stress during the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders is of great significance.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN115455771A discloses a "method for controlling deformation errors caused by temperature effects in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders." However, this solution considers deformation error control under temperature effects, and it requires controlling the deformation errors at each step in the manufacturing process of large-segment steel box girders separately, which is quite cumbersome and time-consuming. In addition, this solution involves cutting and grinding corrections after the plates are welded. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the impact of residual deformation caused by welding residual stress on the shape of large-segment steel box girders during manufacturing. A set of anti-deformation control methods for steel box girder manufacturing is proposed, which effectively ensures that the shape of large-segment steel box girders meets the manufacturing accuracy requirements.

[0005] To achieve the objective of this invention, the present invention provides a method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders that considers the effect of residual stress, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Number the smaller steel beam segments within a single section of a large-segment steel box girder;

[0007] A finite element analysis (FEM) software model of the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs on the top plate surface was established to simulate the entire welding process. After the welded components cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation at various transverse points of the top plate under the welded state of the U-shaped stiffening ribs was solved, and the values ​​were denoted as Y. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and the longitudinal residual deformation is the amount of change of the plate in the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib;

[0008] A finite element analysis (FEM) software model of the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs on the base plate surface was established to simulate the entire welding process. After the welded component cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation at various transverse points of the base plate under the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs was solved, and the values ​​were denoted as Z. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and the longitudinal residual deformation is the amount of change of the plate in the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib;

[0009] Finite element analysis software was used to establish welding models of two adjacent small-segment top plates, and the entire welding process was simulated. After the welded components cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation of the top plate material at various transverse points under the welding state of the two adjacent small-segment top plates was solved, and the values ​​were denoted as P. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction of the extension of the top plate weld, and the longitudinal change is the change of the plate material perpendicular to the direction of the extension of the top plate weld.

[0010] Finite element analysis software was used to establish welding models of two adjacent small-segment base plates to simulate the entire welding process. After the welded components cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation of the base plate material at various transverse points under the welding state of the two adjacent small-segment base plates was solved and the value was denoted as Q. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction of the extension of the weld seam of the base plate, and the longitudinal change is the change of the plate material perpendicular to the extension direction of the weld seam of the base plate;

[0011] Using a small segment of steel box girder as the smallest calculation unit for anti-deformation control, the top and bottom plates of each small segment of steel box girder are calculated separately. The residual deformation caused by the welding of U-shaped stiffening ribs and the butt welding of the small segment of steel box girder are superimposed to finally obtain the total deformation of a single small segment of steel box girder, i.e., the anti-deformation value. Anti-deformation control is then performed on the top and bottom plates of the steel box girder based on the anti-deformation value.

[0012] The expression for the inverse deformation value is:

[0013] roof:

[0014]

[0015] Base plate:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula: i is the number of the small segment steel box girder; j is the total number of small segment steel box girders that make up a certain large segment steel box girder; Δ i m The value of the reverse deformation of the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder; Y is the reverse deformation value of the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder; i The residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the small steel box girder to the U-shaped stiffening rib; Z i P represents the residual deformation caused by welding the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the U-shaped stiffening rib; i l P represents the residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the top plate of segment i-1 of the steel box girder; i r The residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder to segment i+1 of the steel box girder; The residual deformation caused by welding the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to segment i-1 of the steel box girder; The residual deformation is caused by welding the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to segment i+1 of the steel box girder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) This invention takes into account the influence of welding residual stress effect, fully simulates the welding process and calculates the generated residual deformation, which can solve the influence of residual deformation caused by welding residual stress effect on the line shape of large segment steel box girder manufacturing.

[0020] (2) The present invention uses a small segment of steel box girder as the control unit, performs welding simulation before the steel box girder is manufactured, obtains the total deformation during the welding process in advance, and uses the obtained total deformation for anti-deformation control. The steps are simple and the time consumption is short.

[0021] (3) Existing error control methods require cutting and grinding correction after the plates are welded. The anti-deformation control method of the present invention takes the total deformation amount into the size of the plates before welding, thus avoiding cutting and grinding correction after welding, effectively reducing construction procedures and saving materials.

[0022] (4) Ensuring the internal forces and alignment of a completed bridge is crucial during bridge construction, especially for bridges using large-segment construction technology. After the large segments are hoisted, it is difficult to significantly adjust the internal forces and alignment of the bridge. Therefore, the manufacturing of large segments in the beam yard is key to controlling internal forces and alignment. Alignment affects internal forces, and changes in internal forces are directly reflected in changes in alignment. The anti-deformation control method proposed in this invention aims to ensure that the large-segment steel box girders meet alignment requirements during manufacturing in the beam yard. The welding and manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders in the beam yard involves numerous plate welding processes. During these welding processes, the residual stress effect causes residual stress and residual deformation within the plates. As the residual stress effects of multiple welding processes are superimposed, and each large segment is often composed of more than a dozen smaller segments, the total residual deformation inevitably reaches a non-negligible level. This invention uses finite element software to simulate the welding process before welding construction, calculates the total deformation (i.e., the total residual deformation), and rationally distributes the total deformation to the top and bottom plates of each segment, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-deformation control and ensuring that the internal force and alignment meet the requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 , one A schematic diagram of beam segment numbering for a method to control deformation in the manufacture of large-segment steel box girders that considers residual stress effects;

[0024] Figure 2 , one A method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacture of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects; Schematic diagram of the steel box girder cross section.

[0025] Figure 3 , one A cross-sectional view of the welding of U-shaped stiffeners during the manufacturing of a large-segment steel box girder that takes into account the residual stress effect and the anti-deformation control method in the production of a large-segment steel box girder.

[0026] Figure 4 , one A top view of the welding of U-shaped stiffeners during the manufacturing of a large-segment steel box girder that considers the residual stress effect and the anti-deformation control method in the production of a large-segment steel box girder.

[0027] Figure 5 , one A method for controlling deformation in the manufacture of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects; a cross-sectional view of butt welding of small-segment box girders.

[0028] Figure 6 , one A method for controlling deformation in the manufacture of large-segment steel box girders that considers residual stress effects; Top view of butt welding of small-segment box girders.

[0029] Figure 7 , one A schematic diagram of a method for controlling the deformation of large-segment steel box girders under residual stress, considering the residual stress effect;

[0030] Figure 8 , one A calculation step diagram for a method to control the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders that considers the residual stress effect. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The reverse deformation control method for manufacturing large-segment steel box girders that considers the residual stress effect proposed in this invention effectively controls welding deformation and ensures the rationality of the bridge's alignment and internal force state.

[0033] This invention provides a method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects. The method involves welding U-shaped stiffening ribs to the surface of the top plate and the bottom plate, and welding small-segment steel box girders to assemble the large-segment steel box girder. The control method includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Number the smaller steel beam segments within a single section of the large-segment steel box girder;

[0035] Step 2: Establish a model of the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs on the top plate surface using finite element analysis software, and simulate the entire welding process. After the welded component cools to room temperature of 20°C, solve for the simulated longitudinal residual deformation (i.e., longitudinal change) at various transverse points of the top plate under the welded state of the U-shaped stiffening ribs, and record the values ​​as Y. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib; the longitudinal change is the change in the sheet metal in the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the finite element analysis software used is Ansys.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the simulated longitudinal variation at each point in the transverse direction of the top panel is determined using the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, f Y (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at each point in the transverse direction of the top plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the top plate, a is the transverse interval of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and A0, A1, A2, A3, B0, B1, B2, B3, C0, C1, C2, and C3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib.

[0040] Step 3: Establish a model of the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs on the base plate surface using finite element analysis software, and simulate the entire welding process. After the welded component cools to room temperature of 20℃, solve for the simulated longitudinal residual deformation at various transverse points of the base plate under the welded state of the U-shaped stiffening ribs, and record the values ​​as Z. i The transverse direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib; the longitudinal variation is the variation of the sheet metal in the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib.

[0041] The simulated longitudinal variation at each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate is determined using the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, f Z (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, a is the transverse interval of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and D0, D1, D2, D3, E0, E1, E2, E3, F0, F1, F2, and F3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib.

[0044] Step 4: To determine the residual deformation caused by residual stress during the welding process of the top plates of adjacent small-segment steel box girders, Ansys finite element analysis software was used to establish welding models of the top plates of two adjacent small-segment steel box girders. The entire welding process was simulated. After the welded components cooled to room temperature of 20°C, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation of the top plate plates at various points in the transverse direction under the welding state of the top plates of the two adjacent small-segment steel box girders was solved, and the values ​​were denoted as P. i The lateral direction refers to the direction in which the top plate weld extends; the longitudinal change is the change in the material perpendicular to the direction in which the top plate weld extends.

[0045] The simulated longitudinal variation at each point in the transverse direction of the top panel is determined using the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, f P (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at each point in the transverse direction of the top plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the top plate, b is the transverse length of the top plate, and a0, a1, a2, a3, b0, b1, b2, b3, c0, c1, c2, and c3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the top plate is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the top plate.

[0048] Since a certain segment of the steel box girder in the middle of a large segment needs to be welded to the adjacent segment on the left and right sides, it is necessary to simulate the entire welding process of the welding model of the top plate ... l The residual deformation value P caused by the welding residual stress between the top plate of a small segment of a steel box girder in a certain span and the top plate of the right-side small segment of the steel box girder. r .

[0049] Step 5: To obtain the residual deformation caused by residual stress during the butt welding of adjacent small-segment steel box girder bottom plates, Ansys finite element analysis software was used to establish welding models of two adjacent small-segment bottom plates. The entire welding process was simulated. After the welded components cooled to room temperature of 20℃, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation of each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate under the welding state of the two adjacent small-segment bottom plates was solved and the value was denoted as Q. i The lateral direction refers to the direction in which the weld seam of the base plate extends; the longitudinal change is the change in the material perpendicular to the direction in which the weld seam of the base plate extends.

[0050] The simulated longitudinal variation at each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate is determined using the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, f Q (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at various points in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, b is the transverse length of the bottom plate, and d0, d1, d2, d3, e0, e1, e2, e3, f0, f1, f2, and f3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the bottom plate is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the bottom plate; since a small segment of a large segment steel box girder needs to be welded to the adjacent small segment steel box girder on the left and right sides, it is necessary to simulate the entire welding process of the welding model of the bottom plate ... l The residual deformation value Q caused by the welding residual stress between the bottom plate of a small segment of a steel box girder in a certain span and the bottom plate of the right-side small segment of the steel box girder. r .

[0053] Step Six: Based on Steps Two, Three, Four, and Five, the residual deformation caused by residual stress during the entire steel box girder manufacturing process is obtained. Considering a small segment of the steel box girder as the smallest calculation unit for anti-deformation control, the top and bottom plates of each small segment are calculated separately. The residual deformation caused by the welding of the U-shaped stiffeners and the butt welding of the small segment steel box girder are superimposed to finally obtain the total deformation value of a single small segment steel box girder; its expression is:

[0054] roof:

[0055]

[0056] Base plate:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula: i: the number of the small segment steel box girder;

[0059] j: The total number of small steel box girder segments that make up a certain large segment steel box girder;

[0060] The reverse deformation value of the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder;

[0061] The reverse deformation value of the bottom plate of the i-segment steel box girder;

[0062] Y i Residual deformation caused by welding of the top plate of the i-segment steel box girder to the U-shaped stiffening rib;

[0063] Z i The residual deformation caused by welding the bottom plate of the i-segment steel box girder to the U-shaped stiffening rib;

[0064] P i l The residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the top plate of segment i-1 of the steel box girder;

[0065] P i r The residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the top plate of segment i+1 of the steel box girder;

[0066] Residual deformation caused by welding of the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the bottom plate of segment i-1 of the steel box girder;

[0067] Residual deformation caused by welding of the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the bottom plate of segment i+1 of the steel box girder;

[0068] Step 7: Based on the reverse deformation values ​​of the top and bottom plates of the segmental steel box girder obtained in Step 6, perform reverse deformation control on the top and bottom plates of the steel box girder. Specifically, this includes adding [something] to the top and bottom plates of the segmental steel box girder before welding. The opposite of the value is used to obtain the pre-welding dimensions of the top and bottom plates of the segmental steel box girder.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, in steps two and three, the top plate, bottom plate and U-shaped stiffening rib are welded symmetrically from right to left using a seam welding method, and the cooling is considered to be completed when the temperature of the component to be welded drops to room temperature of 20°C.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, in steps four and five, the butt welds of the top plate and the bottom plate are symmetrically welded from the middle to both ends, and the cooling is considered to be completed when the temperature of the welded component drops to room temperature of 20°C.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, in steps four and five, after the U-shaped stiffening ribs are welded to the top plate of the small segment steel box girder and the surface of the top plate, adjacent small segment steel box girders need to be butt-welded to form a large segment steel box girder. Due to the different circumferential welding processes and workloads of the small segment steel box girders, the residual weld deformation of the top and bottom plates at the contact ends of the small segment steel box girders will be different. In the small segment steel box girder, the width of the top plate is often greater than the width of the bottom plate. Therefore, in actual welding, the welding work performed at the edge of the top plate of the small segment steel box girder will be different from the welding work performed at the edge of the bottom plate. As a result, the deformation of the top plate of the small segment steel box girder will also be different from the deformation of the bottom plate of the small segment steel box girder. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the welding residual stress generated during the welding of the small segment steel box girders into a large segment steel box girder.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step six, the residual deformation caused by welding residual stress during the manufacturing process of the large-segment steel box girder can be divided into four stages. These include: welding the top plate to the U-shaped stiffener, welding the bottom plate to the U-shaped stiffener, butt welding the top plate of the small-segment steel box girder, and butt welding the bottom plate of the small-segment steel box girder. To ensure that the manufacturing profile of the large-segment steel box girder meets the specified requirements, it is necessary to classify and superimpose the residual deformation caused by residual stress in the four welding stages, and subtract the resulting cumulative residual deformation from the corresponding pre-welding plate dimensions to achieve the purpose of anti-deformation control.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step six, the residual stress effect of welding during the manufacturing process of large-segment steel box girders causes a difference in deformation between the top and bottom plates, resulting in an inclination angle at the beam end. The anti-deformation control method for large-segment steel box girder manufacturing described in this invention considers the deformation of the top and bottom plates separately and performs anti-deformation control, effectively avoiding the inclination angle and ensuring that the beam end angle of the large-segment steel box girder meets the specified requirements.

[0074] like Figure 1 Figure 2 shows a method for controlling deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects. The figure includes a diagram of beam segment numbering and a cross-sectional diagram of the steel box girder. A single large-segment steel box girder is composed of multiple smaller steel box girder segments welded together. Each smaller segment is made of welded plates; several U-shaped stiffening ribs are welded to the top plate and its surface. Therefore, the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders mainly includes two welding processes: butt welding of the smaller steel box girder segments and welding of U-shaped stiffening ribs to the surface plates. Figure 3 Figure 4 shows a method for controlling the deformation of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects. The figure includes a sectional view and a top view of the U-shaped stiffener welding process. During the welding of the U-shaped stiffeners between the top and bottom plates, the residual stress effect will cause longitudinal residual deformation in both plates, i.e., in the z-axis direction. Therefore, finite element software is used to simulate the entire welding process between the top and bottom segments of the steel box girder, solve for the longitudinal changes at various points in the transverse direction of the plates, and use piecewise cubic polynomial fitting to derive the calculation formulas for the longitudinal changes of the top and bottom plates. Figure 5 Figure 6 shows a method for controlling the deformation of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects. The figures show a sectional view and a top view of the butt welding of small-segment box girders. During the butt welding process, residual stress will cause longitudinal residual deformation in the top and bottom plates, i.e., in the z-axis direction. Therefore, finite element software is used to simulate the entire butt welding process of the small-segment steel box girders, solve for the longitudinal changes at various points in the transverse direction of the plates, and use piecewise cubic polynomial fitting to derive the calculation formulas for the longitudinal changes of the top and bottom plates. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a method for controlling the deformation of large-segment steel box girders under residual stress, considering the residual stress effect. Based on the preceding steps, the welding residual deformation of the top and bottom plates of the small-segment steel box girder during the two welding stages can be obtained. By superimposing the residual deformations generated in the two welding stages, the total deformation of the top and bottom plates can be calculated. Figure 8The diagram illustrates the calculation steps of a method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders, considering residual stress effects. This method, based on the welding process, mainly comprises two parts: welding U-shaped stiffeners to the surface plates and butt welding of the box girder. Based on plate type, it mainly includes two types of plates: top plate and bottom plate. Before welding, the dimensions of the top and bottom plates are added to the negative of the calculated total deformation to achieve the anti-deformation control objective of the method described in this invention.

[0075] As described above, the present invention can be realized.

[0076] However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention as claimed in the claims, those skilled in the art can implement various modifications, and the aforementioned modifications should not be interpreted in a way that departs from the technical concept or prospect of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Number the smaller steel beam segments within a single section of a large-segment steel box girder; A finite element analysis (FEM) software model of the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs on the top plate surface was established to simulate the entire welding process. After the welded components cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation at various transverse points of the top plate under the welded state of the U-shaped stiffening ribs was solved, and the values ​​were denoted as Y. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and the longitudinal residual deformation is the amount of change of the plate in the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib; A finite element analysis (FEM) software model of the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs on the base plate surface was established to simulate the entire welding process. After the welded component cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation at various transverse points of the base plate under the welded U-shaped stiffening ribs was solved, and the values ​​were denoted as Z. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and the longitudinal residual deformation is the amount of change of the plate in the extension direction of the U-shaped stiffening rib; Finite element analysis software was used to establish welding models of two adjacent small-segment top plates, and the entire welding process was simulated. After the welded components cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation of the top plate material at various transverse points under the welding state of the two adjacent small-segment top plates was solved, and the values ​​were denoted as P. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction of the extension of the top plate weld, and the longitudinal change is the change of the plate material perpendicular to the direction of the extension of the top plate weld. Finite element analysis software was used to establish welding models of two adjacent small-segment base plates to simulate the entire welding process. After the welded components cooled, the simulated longitudinal residual deformation of the base plate material at various transverse points under the welding state of the two adjacent small-segment base plates was solved and the value was denoted as Q. i Wherein, the transverse direction is the direction of the extension of the weld seam of the base plate, and the longitudinal change is the change of the plate material perpendicular to the extension direction of the weld seam of the base plate; Using a small segment of steel box girder as the smallest calculation unit for anti-deformation control, the top and bottom plates of each small segment of steel box girder are calculated separately. The residual deformation caused by the welding of U-shaped stiffening ribs and the butt welding of the small segment of steel box girder are superimposed to finally obtain the total deformation of a single small segment of steel box girder, i.e., the anti-deformation value. Anti-deformation control is then performed on the top and bottom plates of the steel box girder based on the anti-deformation value. The expression for the inverse deformation value is: roof: Base plate: In the formula: i is the number of the small segment steel box girder; j is the total number of small segment steel box girders that make up a certain large segment steel box girder; The value of the reverse deformation of the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder; Y is the reverse deformation value of the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder; i The residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the small steel box girder to the U-shaped stiffening rib; Z i P represents the residual deformation caused by welding the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the U-shaped stiffening rib; i l P represents the residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder to the top plate of segment i-1 of the steel box girder; i r The residual deformation caused by welding the top plate of segment i of the steel box girder to segment i+1 of the steel box girder; The residual deformation caused by welding the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to segment i-1 of the steel box girder; The residual deformation is caused by welding the bottom plate of segment i of the steel box girder to segment i+1 of the steel box girder.

2. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The finite element analysis software used is Ansys.

3. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated longitudinal residual deformation at each transverse point of the top plate is determined using the following formula: Among them, f Y (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at each point in the transverse direction of the top plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the top plate, a is the transverse interval of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and A0, A1, A2, A3, B0, B1, B2, B3, C0, C1, C2, and C3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib.

4. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated longitudinal residual deformation at each transverse point of the bottom plate is determined using the following formula: Among them, f Z (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, a is the transverse interval of the U-shaped stiffening rib, and D0, D1, D2, D3, E0, E1, E2, E3, F0, F1, F2, and F3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the U-shaped stiffening rib.

5. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component to be welded is cooled to room temperature of 20°C after cooling.

6. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated longitudinal residual deformation at each transverse point of the top plate is determined using the following formula: Among them, f P (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at each point in the transverse direction of the top plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the top plate, b is the transverse length of the top plate, and a0, a1, a2, a3, b0, b1, b2, b3, c0, c1, c2, and c3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the top plate is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the top plate.

7. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated longitudinal residual deformation at each transverse point of the bottom plate is determined using the following formula: Among them, f Q (x) represents the simulated longitudinal variation distribution at each point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, where x is any point in the transverse direction of the bottom plate, b is the transverse length of the bottom plate, and d0, d1, d2, d3, e0, e1, e2, e3, f0, f1, f2, and f3 are fitting coefficients; the center line of the bottom plate is the starting point 0, and the longitudinal variation is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the bottom plate.

8. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated welds of the top plate, bottom plate and U-shaped stiffening ribs are symmetrically welded from right to left, using seam welding. The cooling process is considered complete when the temperature of the welded component drops to 20°C (room temperature).

9. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The butt welds of the top plate and bottom plate are welded symmetrically from the middle to both ends. The cooling process is considered complete when the temperature of the welded component drops to 20°C (room temperature).

10. The method for controlling the anti-deformation in the manufacturing of large-segment steel box girders considering residual stress effects according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method of controlling the anti-deformation of the top plate and bottom plate of the steel box girder based on the anti-deformation value involves adding anti-deformation materials to the top and bottom plates of the small-segment steel box girder before welding. The opposite of the value is used to obtain the pre-welding dimensions of the top and bottom plates of the segmental steel box girder.

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