Voltage control method and device, electronic equipment, vehicle and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a voltage control method, device, electronic equipment, vehicle and storage medium. The method comprises: generating a voltage control signal according to first working condition information of a direct current converter and second working condition information of a battery; and controlling an output voltage of the direct current converter to be less than a maximum charging voltage of the battery according to the voltage control signal. The method can avoid overcharging of the lithium battery, reduce the risk of lithium ion precipitation, and thus prolong the service life of the lithium battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of voltage control technology, and more particularly to a voltage control method, apparatus, electronic device, vehicle, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the new energy vehicle industry, the performance of various new energy vehicles is constantly being optimized. Low-voltage power supply systems are receiving increasing attention due to their importance to vehicle safety and user driving experience. Among these systems, low-voltage batteries have evolved from lead-acid batteries to lithium batteries. Because lithium batteries have a much higher energy density than lead-acid batteries, the overall weight of the vehicle can be reduced. Furthermore, lithium batteries can be charged and discharged quickly, and they also have a longer lifespan and lower maintenance costs.

[0003] However, when the vehicle is unloaded, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter increases instantaneously, which can easily lead to overcharging of the lithium battery, causing lithium ions to be released from the battery and affecting its lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a voltage control method, apparatus, electronic device, vehicle, and storage medium that can prevent overcharging of lithium batteries, reduce the risk of lithium-ion deposition, and thus extend the service life of lithium batteries.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a voltage control method, including:

[0006] A voltage control signal is generated based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery.

[0007] According to the voltage control signal, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is controlled to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery.

[0008] Optionally, generating a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery includes:

[0009] Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter;

[0010] Based on the second operating condition information, determine the battery state of charge;

[0011] If the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge, the voltage control signal is generated.

[0012] Optionally, generating a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery includes:

[0013] Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter;

[0014] Based on the second operating condition information, determine the battery charging capacity;

[0015] If the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity, the voltage control signal is generated.

[0016] Optionally, generating a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery includes:

[0017] Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter;

[0018] Based on the second operating condition information, determine the battery state of charge and battery charging capacity;

[0019] If the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate, the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge, and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity, the voltage control signal is generated.

[0020] Optionally, controlling the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery according to the voltage control signal includes:

[0021] According to the voltage control signal, the output voltage is controlled to decrease to a first target voltage within a first preset time range. The first target voltage is determined based on the voltage overshoot of the output voltage under load dumping conditions.

[0022] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0023] Within a second preset time range, the output voltage is controlled to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery. The second preset time range is determined based on the voltage overshoot duration of the output voltage under load dumping conditions and the battery state of charge.

[0024] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0025] The output voltage is controlled to rise to a second target voltage, which is a voltage determined based on the second operating condition information before the voltage control signal is generated.

[0026] Optionally, controlling the output voltage to rise to the second target voltage includes:

[0027] The output voltage is controlled to rise to the second target voltage at a preset rise rate, the preset rise rate being within a preset rate range, the preset rate range being determined based on the performance of the in-vehicle components and the target discharge duration of the battery.

[0028] Secondly, this disclosure provides a voltage control device, comprising:

[0029] The signal generation module is used to generate a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery.

[0030] The control module is used to control the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery according to the voltage control signal.

[0031] Thirdly, this disclosure provides an electronic device, including: a processor, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in a memory, the computer program being executed by the processor to implement the steps of any of the methods provided in the first aspect.

[0032] Fourthly, this disclosure provides a vehicle, including:

[0033] Batteries are used to provide power to the load;

[0034] A DC-DC converter is used to reduce the voltage and transmit the reduced voltage signal to the battery;

[0035] The vehicle controller is used to execute the steps of any of the methods provided in the first aspect.

[0036] Fifthly, this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods provided in the first aspect.

[0037] In the technical solution provided in this disclosure, a voltage control signal is generated based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery. Based on the voltage control signal, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is controlled to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery. Thus, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is the charging voltage of the battery. By controlling the charging voltage of the battery below the maximum tolerable charging voltage, overcharging of the battery can be avoided, the risk of lithium ion deposition in the battery can be reduced, and the service life of the battery can be extended. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating one application scenario provided in this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage control device provided in this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0053] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one application scenario provided in this disclosure, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the input terminal of the DC-DC converter 110 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage battery 120, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter 110 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery 130, and the output terminal of the battery 130 is electrically connected to the load 140. The DC-DC converter 110 is a DC-DC step-down converter that can convert the high-voltage signal output by the high-voltage battery 120 into a low-voltage signal suitable for charging the battery 130. The low-voltage signal output by the battery 130 can provide electrical energy to the load 140. For example, in a vehicle, the high-voltage battery provides electrical energy to the motor and other high-voltage components, and can also provide electrical energy to a low-voltage battery via the DC-DC converter. The low-voltage battery here is the battery in this disclosure. The low-voltage battery can provide electrical energy to low-voltage loads in the vehicle, such as brakes, steering wheel, automatic driving system, instruments, etc.

[0055] The battery in this disclosure can be a lithium battery. When the actual charging voltage of the battery exceeds the maximum charging voltage it can withstand, the battery experiences overcharging. In this case, lithium ions are more likely to deposit in the battery, and this deposition is irreversible, thus affecting the battery's lifespan. Under normal circumstances, the DC-DC converter charges the battery. However, when the wiring harness ages, has poor contact, or the vehicle is under certain special operating conditions, the battery may disconnect from the low-voltage load. In this situation, the DC-DC converter will output a high-voltage surge voltage that lasts for a long time; this is called load dump.

[0056] When a vehicle is in motion, if it throws out a large low-voltage load, such as when it suddenly turns the steering wheel while stationary, brakes suddenly, or activates autopilot, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter will increase instantaneously. This means that the charging voltage of the battery will increase instantaneously, possibly exceeding the maximum charging voltage that the battery can withstand. As a result, when the vehicle throws out a large low-voltage load, the battery is more likely to overcharge.

[0057] Based on the above problems, the technical solution provided in this disclosure generates a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery. According to the voltage control signal, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is controlled to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery. In this way, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is the charging voltage of the battery. By controlling the charging voltage of the battery below the maximum tolerable charging voltage, overcharging of the battery can be avoided, the risk of lithium ion deposition in the battery can be reduced, and the service life of the battery can be extended.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a voltage control method provided in this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes:

[0059] S101 generates a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery.

[0060] For example, the first operating condition information may be at least one of the following: output current, output voltage, output voltage overshoot, output voltage overshoot duration, output current change rate, and output voltage change rate. The second operating condition information may be at least one of the following: battery state of charge (SOC), battery temperature, battery charging capacity, battery anti-charging capacity, battery discharge duration, and battery discharge capacity.

[0061] The output of the DC-DC converter is electrically connected to the input of the battery. The DC-DC converter can convert the high voltage output from the high-voltage battery to a low voltage. The battery can be charged based on the low voltage signal output by the DC-DC converter; that is, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is the charging voltage of the battery. For example, based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter, it can be determined whether the vehicle's current operating condition is a load dump. Furthermore, if it is determined that the vehicle is currently in a load dump state, it can also be determined whether the currently dumped load is a large load. For instance, if the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is greater than the battery's requested charging voltage, or if the rate of change of the output current of the DC-DC converter is large, it can be determined that the vehicle's current operating condition is a load dump state; if the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is greater than the battery's maximum charging voltage, or if the rate of change of the output current of the DC-DC converter is greater than a preset rate of change, it can be determined that the currently dumped load is a large load.

[0062] If the load currently being dumped by the vehicle is determined to be a large load, the second operating condition information can be used to determine whether it is necessary to reduce the output voltage of the DC-DC converter, i.e., the battery charging voltage. If it is determined that the battery charging voltage needs to be reduced, a voltage control signal is generated to control the reduction of the battery charging voltage. For example, if the battery state of charge is high and the battery charging capacity is weak, it can be determined that the battery charging voltage needs to be reduced, and a voltage control signal will be generated; if the battery state of charge is high or the battery charging capacity is strong, it can be determined that the battery charging voltage does not need to be reduced, and a voltage control signal will not be generated.

[0063] S102, according to the voltage control signal, control the output voltage of the DC converter to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery.

[0064] For example, based on the above embodiments, when the vehicle throws a large load, the battery charging voltage is greater than the maximum charging voltage that the battery can withstand. At this time, the charging voltage of the battery can be reduced according to the voltage control signal, so that the reduced charging voltage is less than the maximum charging voltage that the battery can withstand, so as to avoid the problem of overcharging the battery.

[0065] For example, if the maximum charging voltage that the battery can withstand is 14V, and the vehicle is in a state of throwing off a large load when the steering wheel is turned sharply while stationary, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is 14.2V. According to the voltage control signal, the charging voltage of the battery can be controlled to be reduced from 14.2V to less than or equal to 14V.

[0066] In this embodiment, a voltage control signal is generated based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery. The DC-DC converter is used to reduce the voltage and control the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery. Thus, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is the charging voltage of the battery. By controlling the charging voltage of the battery below the maximum tolerable charging voltage, overcharging of the battery can be avoided, the risk of lithium ion deposition in the battery can be reduced, and the battery life can be extended.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of another voltage control method provided in this disclosure. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiment, a specific description of a possible implementation of S101 is as follows:

[0068] S201, Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter.

[0069] When the vehicle is in a load-discharge state, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter increases instantaneously, causing the output current of the DC-DC converter to rise rapidly accordingly, and the rate of change of the output current of the DC-DC converter will increase significantly. For example, the first operating condition information includes the output current change rate. Thus, the output current change rate of the DC-DC converter can be directly obtained from the first operating condition information. For instance, when the vehicle is stationary and the steering wheel is turned sharply, the directly obtained output current change rate of the DC-DC converter could be 1A / ms. The output current change rate can be positive or negative. If the output current change rate is positive, it represents the rate of increase of the output current; if the output current change rate is negative, it represents the rate of decrease of the output current.

[0070] In other embodiments, the first operating condition information may include the output current of the DC-DC converter at various times. Based on the output current of the DC-DC converter at each time, the rate of change of the output current of the DC-DC converter can be determined. For example, in the case of a vehicle operating under the condition of sharp turns of the steering wheel while stationary, the first operating condition information includes the output current at various times. Based on the output current I1 at time T and the output current I2 at time T+20ms, the change in output current over 20ms is determined to be I2-I1 = 20A. Therefore, the rate of change of the output current of the DC-DC converter can be determined to be 20A / 20ms, or 1A / ms.

[0071] S202, determine the battery state of charge based on the second operating condition information.

[0072] Battery SOC reflects the battery's remaining capacity, typically expressed as the ratio of its remaining capacity to its capacity when fully charged. SOC = 0 indicates the battery is fully discharged, while SOC = 1 indicates it is fully charged. A higher SOC indicates more remaining charge and a higher voltage across the battery terminals. For example, the second operating condition information includes battery SOC, allowing it to be directly obtained from this information.

[0073] In other implementations, the second operating condition information may include the voltage across the battery terminals, and the battery SOC may be determined based on the voltage across the battery terminals.

[0074] S203, if the output current change rate is greater than the preset change rate and the battery state of charge is greater than the preset state of charge, the voltage control signal is generated.

[0075] For example, considering various vehicle load shedding conditions, the minimum output current change rate among all output current change rates is determined under each load shedding condition, and this minimum output current change rate is set as a preset change rate, for example, 1A / ms. If the DC-DC converter's output current change rate is greater than the preset change rate, it indicates that the DC-DC converter's output current has increased instantaneously and the DC-DC converter's output voltage has exceeded the battery's maximum charging voltage, meaning the vehicle is currently in a load shedding state.

[0076] For example, considering various vehicle load shedding conditions, the maximum single discharge capacity among all single discharge capacities of the battery under each load shedding condition is determined, and a preset SOC is determined based on the maximum single discharge capacity. For example, the preset SOC could be 80%. If the battery SOC is greater than the preset SOC, it indicates that the battery SOC is high and there is a large amount of remaining charge in the battery. For a single load shedding operation, the remaining charge in the battery is sufficient to support the completion of the load shedding, thereby avoiding the problem of battery over-discharge and ensuring the normal use of the vehicle.

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery state of charge (SOC) is greater than a preset SOC, it indicates that the vehicle is in a state of discharging a large load, and the battery SOC is high. In other words, the remaining charge in the battery is sufficient to support this load discharge. At this time, a voltage control signal can be generated to reduce the battery charging voltage while preventing the remaining charge in the battery from being completely released, thereby avoiding over-discharge of the battery.

[0078] In this embodiment, the output current change rate of the DC-DC converter is determined based on the first operating condition information; the battery state of charge is determined based on the second operating condition information; if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge, a voltage control signal is generated to reduce the battery charging voltage. Since the battery SOC is high and there is a lot of remaining charge in the battery, even if the charging voltage decreases and the battery discharges, the remaining charge in the battery will not be completely released, thus avoiding over-discharge of the battery, thereby extending the battery's lifespan and ensuring the normal use of the vehicle.

[0079] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure. Figure 4 for Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiment, another possible implementation of S101 is described in detail below:

[0080] S201, Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter.

[0081] S202', Determine the battery charging capacity based on the second operating condition information.

[0082] Battery charging capacity can be measured by physical quantities such as charging rate, charging current, and charging time. The charging rate, denoted by C, is the multiple of the charging current relative to the cell's rated capacity. For example, a battery with a rated capacity of 100Ah is charged at 1C (1 hour), meaning it can be fully charged in 1 hour; at 200A (2 hour), it can be fully charged in 0.5 hours; and at 50A (0.5 hour), it can be fully charged in 2 hours. For instance, the second operating condition information may include at least one of the following: charging rate, charging current, and charging time. Thus, at least one of these parameters can be directly obtained from the second operating condition information, and the battery charging capacity can be determined based on it. For example, a higher charging rate indicates a stronger charging capacity; a larger charging current indicates a stronger charging capacity; and a shorter charging time indicates a stronger charging capacity.

[0083] In other embodiments, the second operating condition information may include battery SOC and battery temperature, and the battery charging capability may be determined based on the battery SOC and battery temperature. The lower the battery SOC, the stronger the battery charging capability, and the stronger the battery capability is when the battery temperature is within a certain temperature range.

[0084] S203' If the output current change rate is greater than the preset change rate and the battery charging capacity is less than the preset charging capacity, the voltage control signal is generated.

[0085] For example, considering various vehicle load shedding conditions, the minimum output current change rate among all output current change rates is determined under each load shedding condition, and this minimum output current change rate is set as a preset change rate, for example, 1A / ms. If the DC-DC converter's output current change rate is greater than the preset change rate, it indicates that the DC-DC converter's output current has increased instantaneously and the DC-DC converter's output voltage has exceeded the battery's maximum charging voltage, meaning the vehicle is currently in a load shedding state.

[0086] For example, the preset charging capacity can be determined based on the corresponding charging current at each stage of battery charging. For instance, the preset charging capacity could be 30A. If the battery charging capacity is less than the preset charging capacity, it indicates that the battery charging capacity is weak. In this case, the requested charging current of the battery is small, so the current charging capacity of the battery cannot withstand a large charging current. If the charging current is too large, it may cause irreversible damage to the battery.

[0087] Based on the above embodiments, if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity, it indicates that the vehicle is in a state of shedding a large load, and the battery charging capacity is weak. In other words, the battery charging capacity can withstand a small charging current. At this time, a voltage control signal can be generated to reduce the battery charging voltage and simultaneously reduce the battery charging current, so that the battery charging current matches the battery charging capacity, avoiding irreversible damage to the battery's internal components caused by excessive charging current.

[0088] In this embodiment, the output current change rate of the DC-DC converter is determined based on the first operating condition information; the battery state of charge and battery charging capacity are determined based on the second operating condition information; if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity, a voltage control signal is generated, causing the battery charging voltage to decrease, and the corresponding battery charging current to decrease. Since the battery charging capacity is weak, the charging current that it can withstand is small. Therefore, the battery charging current is matched with the battery charging capacity, avoiding irreversible damage to the battery internals caused by excessive charging current, thereby extending the battery's service life.

[0089] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure. Figure 5 for Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiment, a specific description of another possible implementation of S101 is as follows:

[0090] S201, Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter.

[0091] "S202", based on the second operating condition information, determine the battery state of charge and battery charging capability.

[0092] For a detailed description of S202", please refer to the specific descriptions related to S202 and S202' in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0093] S203” If the output current change rate is greater than the preset change rate, the battery state of charge is greater than the preset state of charge, and the battery charging capacity is less than the preset charging capacity, the voltage control signal is generated.

[0094] For a detailed description of S203", please refer to the specific descriptions related to S203 and S203' in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] In this embodiment, the output current change rate of the DC-DC converter is determined based on the first operating condition information; the battery state of charge and battery charging capacity are determined based on the second operating condition information; if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate, the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge, and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity, a voltage control signal is generated. This reduces the battery charging voltage while preventing over-discharge, extending battery life and ensuring normal vehicle operation. Furthermore, as the battery charging voltage decreases, the corresponding battery charging current decreases, preventing excessive charging current from causing irreversible damage to the battery's internal components, thereby extending battery life.

[0096] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure. Figure 6 for Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiment, a specific description of a possible implementation of S102 is as follows:

[0097] S102', according to the voltage control signal, control the output voltage to decrease to the first target voltage within a first preset time range.

[0098] The first target voltage is determined based on the voltage overshoot of the output voltage under load-discard conditions.

[0099] Based on the battery's charging stage, remaining charge, and State of Charge (SOC), a request charging voltage is generated in real time. This request charging voltage is determined by the battery's actual operating conditions and therefore changes in real time throughout the charging process. For example, a lower SOC may result in a higher request charging voltage, while a higher SOC may result in a lower request charging voltage. This dynamic adjustment of the charging voltage improves battery performance and charging efficiency. When the vehicle is in a load-discharge state, the DC-DC converter's output voltage exceeds the battery's request charging voltage. This situation is called voltage overshoot. The difference between the DC-DC converter's output voltage and the battery's request charging voltage is the voltage overshoot amount, and the duration for which the DC-DC converter's output voltage exceeds the battery's request charging voltage is the voltage overshoot duration.

[0100] For example, a first target voltage can be determined based on the voltage overshoot of the output voltage under load dumping conditions and the battery's requested charging voltage. According to the voltage control signal, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter can be reduced to the first target voltage. Even if the load dumping continues, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter will remain below the battery's maximum charging voltage. For instance, when the vehicle is stationary and the steering wheel is turned sharply, the voltage overshoot is 0.2V, and the battery's requested charging voltage is 14V. Based on the difference between the voltage overshoot and the requested charging voltage (14V - 0.2V), the first target voltage can be determined to be 13.8V. Under the action of the voltage control signal, the battery's charging voltage is reduced from 14V to 13.8V. As the load dumping process continues, the battery's charging voltage may increase, but it will always remain below 14V.

[0101] The control time required for the output voltage to drop to the first target voltage is denoted by t. If t is too short, it may be less than the response time of the voltage control signal, causing the voltage control signal to fail to respond and thus preventing the output voltage from dropping to the first target voltage. If t is too long, it may be greater than the time required for a single load shedding operation, meaning the vehicle may have completed the single load shedding operation, but the output voltage may not have dropped to the first target voltage, potentially leading to overcharging of the battery. Therefore, by setting the response time of the voltage control signal and the time required for a single load shedding operation to be the minimum value within the first preset time range, and ensuring the control time required for the output voltage to drop to the first target voltage is within this range, we can not only ensure a smooth response of the voltage control signal but also reduce the risk of battery overcharging.

[0102] In this embodiment, by controlling the output voltage to decrease to a first target voltage within a first preset time range according to the voltage control signal, the first target voltage is determined based on the voltage overshoot of the output voltage under load dumping conditions. This allows the battery charging voltage to be controlled to a value matching the current charging stage of the battery, meeting the battery's charging voltage requirements at the current charging stage, thereby ensuring the battery's charging effect and performance. Furthermore, completing the output voltage reduction within the preset time range not only ensures a smooth response to the voltage control signal but also reduces the risk of battery overcharging.

[0103] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure. Figure 7 for Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiment, it also includes:

[0104] S103, within the second preset time range, control the output voltage to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery.

[0105] The second preset time range is determined based on the voltage overshoot duration of the output voltage under load dumping conditions and the battery state of charge.

[0106] After the output voltage drops below the battery's maximum charging voltage, this state needs to be maintained for a period of time before the vehicle completes load shedding. This ensures that the battery's charging voltage never exceeds its maximum withstand voltage throughout the entire load shedding process, thus reducing the risk of overcharging. Therefore, the time the output voltage is below the battery's maximum charging voltage cannot be too short. If this time is shorter than the duration of the load shedding process (which can be represented by the voltage overshoot duration), the battery's charging voltage may exceed its maximum withstand voltage before the load shedding is complete, increasing the risk of overcharging.

[0107] In addition, the output voltage should not be lower than the battery's maximum charging voltage for too long. If the time when the output voltage is lower than the battery's maximum charging voltage is longer than the time required for the battery's remaining charge to be fully released, the battery will be in a continuous discharge state until the remaining charge is fully released during the time when the output voltage is lower than the battery's maximum charging voltage, which can easily cause the battery to over-discharge.

[0108] Based on the above embodiments, the voltage overshoot duration of the output voltage under the vehicle's load-drop state can be determined as the minimum value of the second preset time range, and the time required for the remaining charge of the battery, determined based on the battery charge state, to be completely released can be taken as the maximum value of the second preset time range. In this way, the second preset time range can be determined.

[0109] In this embodiment, the output voltage is controlled to be lower than the battery's maximum charging voltage within a second preset time range. This second preset time range is determined based on the voltage overshoot duration of the output voltage under load-discharge conditions and the battery's state of charge. This ensures that within the second preset time range, the battery's charging voltage does not exceed the battery's maximum charging voltage before the vehicle completes load discharge, thus reducing the risk of overcharging. Furthermore, it avoids the complete release of the battery's remaining charge, thereby preventing over-discharge and ensuring normal vehicle operation.

[0110] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure. Figure 8 for Figure 2 Based on the illustrated embodiment, it also includes:

[0111] S104, control the output voltage to rise to the second target voltage.

[0112] The second target voltage is the voltage determined based on the second operating condition information before the voltage control signal is generated.

[0113] Under the action of the voltage control signal, the output voltage decreases to below the battery's maximum charging voltage, the voltage control signal is released, and the output voltage is controlled to rise from the value below the battery's maximum charging voltage to the second target voltage. The second target voltage can be the battery's requested voltage before the voltage control signal is applied. Since the battery's requested voltage is determined based on the battery's second operating condition information, the second target voltage can also be determined based on the battery's second operating condition information. During the process of the output voltage rising to the second target voltage, the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery can continue to be monitored. If the conditions for generating the voltage control signal are met, the process returns to execution S101. This allows for continuous monitoring of the battery's charging state, reducing the risk of overcharging throughout battery use and extending battery life.

[0114] For example, if the battery's requested voltage is 14V, and the vehicle experiences a sudden steering wheel turn while stationary, the corresponding voltage overshoot is 0.2V. At this point, a voltage control signal is generated. Under the action of this signal, the requested charging voltage of the battery is reduced from 14V to 13.8V, thus maintaining the battery's charging voltage below 14V. After the sudden steering wheel turn ends, the voltage control signal is released, raising the requested charging voltage of the battery from 13.8V to 14V, thus raising the battery's charging voltage to 14V.

[0115] In this embodiment, by controlling the output voltage to rise to a second target voltage, which is a voltage determined based on the second operating condition information before generating the voltage control signal, the charging status of the battery can be continuously monitored, reducing the risk of overcharging during the entire battery usage process and extending the battery's lifespan.

[0116] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating yet another voltage control method provided in this disclosure. Figure 9 for Figure 8 Based on the illustrated embodiment, a specific description of a possible implementation of S104 is as follows:

[0117] S104', control the output voltage to rise to the second target voltage at a preset rise rate.

[0118] The preset lifting rate is within a preset rate range, which is determined based on the performance of the in-vehicle components and the target discharge duration of the battery.

[0119] During the process of the output voltage rising to the second target voltage, the rate of increase of the output voltage should not be too high. If the rate of increase is too high, the components inside the vehicle may not be able to withstand the rapidly rising voltage, which may damage the components and render the vehicle unusable. Furthermore, the rate of increase of the output voltage should not be too low. If the rate of increase is too low, the battery discharge time will be prolonged, which may cause the remaining charge in the battery to be completely discharged, resulting in over-discharge.

[0120] Based on this, a ramp-up rate can be determined according to the performance of the components in the vehicle, such as their adaptability to instantaneous voltage. This ramp-up rate is set as the maximum value within a preset ramp-up rate range. The target discharge time of the battery can be determined based on the remaining charge when the output voltage begins to ramp up. This target discharge time is the time required for the output voltage to rise from the current ramp-up rate to the second target voltage. This allows for the determination of another ramp-up rate, which is set as the minimum value within the preset ramp-up rate range. Controlling the output voltage to rise to the second target voltage at any preset ramp-up rate within the preset ramp-up rate range avoids damage to the components in the vehicle, ensuring normal vehicle operation, and also prevents over-discharge of the battery, extending its lifespan.

[0121] In this embodiment, the output voltage is controlled to rise to the second target voltage at a preset rise rate. The preset rise rate is within a preset rate range, which is determined based on the performance of the components in the vehicle and the target discharge time of the battery. This can avoid damage to the components in the vehicle and ensure normal vehicle use, while also preventing over-discharge of the battery and extending its service life.

[0122] This disclosure also provides a voltage control device. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage control device provided in this disclosure, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the voltage control device includes:

[0123] The signal generation module 210 is used to generate a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery.

[0124] The control module 220 is used to control the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery according to the voltage control signal.

[0125] Optionally, the signal generation module 210 is further configured to determine the output current change rate of the DC-DC converter based on the first operating condition information; determine the battery state of charge based on the second operating condition information; and generate the voltage control signal if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge.

[0126] Optionally, the signal generation module 210 is further configured to determine the output current change rate of the DC-DC converter based on the first operating condition information; determine the battery charging capacity based on the second operating condition information; and generate the voltage control signal if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity.

[0127] Optionally, the signal generation module 210 is further configured to determine the output current change rate of the DC-DC converter based on the first operating condition information; determine the battery state of charge and battery charging capacity based on the second operating condition information; and generate the voltage control signal if the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate, the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge, and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity.

[0128] Optionally, the control module 220 is further configured to control the output voltage to decrease to a first target voltage within a first preset time range according to the voltage control signal, wherein the first target voltage is determined based on the voltage overshoot of the output voltage under load dumping conditions.

[0129] Optionally, the control module 220 is also used to control the output voltage to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery within a second preset time range, wherein the second preset time range is determined based on the voltage overshoot duration of the output voltage under load dumping conditions and the state of charge of the battery.

[0130] Optionally, the control module 220 is further configured to control the output voltage to rise to a second target voltage, the second target voltage being a voltage determined based on the second operating condition information before generating the voltage control signal.

[0131] Optionally, the control module 220 is further configured to control the output voltage to rise to the second target voltage at a preset rise rate, the preset rise rate being within a preset rate range, the preset rate range being determined based on the performance of the in-vehicle components and the target discharge duration of the battery.

[0132] The apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention can execute the methods provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the methods.

[0133] This disclosure also provides a vehicle, Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in this disclosure, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the vehicle includes a DC-DC converter 110, a battery 130, and a vehicle controller 150. The vehicle controller 150 is electrically connected to the battery 130 and the DC-DC converter 110, respectively. The input terminal of the battery 130 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC converter 110.

[0134] Battery 130 is used to provide power to a load. DC-DC converter 110 is used to reduce the voltage and transmit the reduced voltage signal to battery 130. Vehicle controller 150 can be used to execute the methods provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0135] The vehicle provided in this embodiment includes a vehicle controller. The vehicle controller can execute the method provided in any embodiment of the present invention. Since the vehicle controller has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of executing the method, the vehicle also has the same beneficial effects as the vehicle controller, which will not be elaborated here.

[0136] This disclosure also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in a memory, the computer program being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the above method embodiments.

[0137] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this disclosure. Figure 12 A block diagram is shown that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present invention. Figure 12 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0138] like Figure 12 As shown, the electronic device 12 is represented in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 12 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors 16, system memory 28, and bus 18 connecting different system components (including system memory 28 and processor 16).

[0139] Bus 18 represents one or more of several bus architectures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor, or a local bus using any of the various bus architectures. For example, these architectures include, but are not limited to, the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, the Enhanced ISA bus, the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0140] Electronic device 12 typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. These media can be any media that can be accessed by electronic device 12, including volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.

[0141] System memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and / or cache memory 32. Electronic device 12 may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 34 may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (commonly referred to as "hard disk drives"). Disk drives for reading and writing to removable non-volatile disks (e.g., "floppy disks") and optical disk drives for reading and writing to removable non-volatile optical disks (e.g., CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 18 via one or more data media interfaces. System memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules configured to perform the functions of various embodiments of the present invention.

[0142] A program / utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in system memory 28. Such program modules 42 include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 42 typically perform the functions and / or methods described in the embodiments of this invention.

[0143] The processor 16 performs various functional applications and information processing by running at least one of a plurality of programs stored in the system memory 28, such as implementing the method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0144] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method embodiments.

[0145] Any combination of one or more computer-readable media may be used. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0146] Computer-readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, capable of sending, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0147] Program code contained on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0148] Computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN) domain—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0149] This disclosure also provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of the above-described method embodiments.

[0150] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0151] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A voltage control method, characterized in that, include: A voltage control signal is generated based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery. According to the voltage control signal, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is controlled to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery; The first operating condition information is used to determine whether the output voltage of the DC converter is greater than the maximum charging voltage that the battery can withstand, or whether the rate of change of the output current of the DC converter is greater than a preset rate of change; the second operating condition information is used to determine whether it is necessary to reduce the charging voltage of the battery. The output terminal of the DC-DC converter is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the load.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery includes: Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter; Based on the second operating condition information, determine the battery state of charge; If the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge, the voltage control signal is generated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery includes: Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter; Based on the second operating condition information, determine the battery charging capacity; If the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity, the voltage control signal is generated.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery includes: Based on the first operating condition information, determine the output current change rate of the DC converter; Based on the second operating condition information, determine the battery state of charge and battery charging capacity; If the output current change rate is greater than a preset change rate, the battery state of charge is greater than a preset state of charge, and the battery charging capacity is less than a preset charging capacity, the voltage control signal is generated.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The step of controlling the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery according to the voltage control signal includes: According to the voltage control signal, the output voltage is controlled to decrease to a first target voltage within a first preset time range. The first target voltage is determined based on the voltage overshoot of the output voltage under load dumping conditions.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: Within a second preset time range, the output voltage is controlled to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery. The second preset time range is determined based on the voltage overshoot duration of the output voltage under load dumping conditions and the battery state of charge.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: The output voltage is controlled to rise to a second target voltage, which is a voltage determined based on the second operating condition information before the voltage control signal is generated.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control of raising the output voltage to the second target voltage includes: The output voltage is controlled to rise to the second target voltage at a preset rise rate, the preset rise rate being within a preset rate range, the preset rate range being determined based on the performance of the in-vehicle components and the target discharge duration of the battery.

9. A voltage control device, characterized in that, include: The signal generation module is used to generate a voltage control signal based on the first operating condition information of the DC-DC converter and the second operating condition information of the battery. The control module is used to control the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to be less than the maximum charging voltage of the battery according to the voltage control signal. The first operating condition information is used to determine whether the output voltage of the DC converter is greater than the maximum charging voltage that the battery can withstand, or whether the rate of change of the output current of the DC converter is greater than a preset rate of change; the second operating condition information is used to determine whether it is necessary to reduce the charging voltage of the battery. The output terminal of the DC-DC converter is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the load.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor for executing a computer program stored in a memory, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: Batteries are used to provide power to the load; A DC-DC converter is used to reduce the voltage and transmit the reduced voltage signal to the battery; A vehicle controller for performing the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

12. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-8.

Images