Electret generator based on linear-rotary-clutch mechanism

Abstract

The application relates to a linear-rotation-clutch mechanism-based electret generator, belonging to the field of micro-energy systems; the electret generator comprises a screw transmission mechanism, a tooth-shaped clutch mechanism, a screw rod resetting mechanism, a sleeve resetting mechanism and an electret power generation module. The screw transmission mechanism converts the input linear motion into rotary motion; the tooth-shaped clutch mechanism converts the reciprocating rotation into one-way continuous rotation through the one-way meshing tooth-shaped clutch; the screw rod resetting mechanism and the sleeve resetting mechanism reset the screw rod and the sleeve, realize continuous energy input and conversion; and the electret power generation module realizes the energy collection of the continuous one-way rotary motion based on the electrostatic induction principle. The linear-rotation-clutch mechanism realizes the conversion of the reciprocating linear motion into the one-way continuous rotary motion, is favorable for converting the external low-frequency and intermittent impact energy into continuous rotary kinetic energy, continuously collects the rotary energy based on the electret power generation principle, and improves the energy collection and conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of micro energy systems, specifically relating to an electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, triboelectric nanogenerators have been increasingly widely used in the fields of micro-energy systems and wearable devices. In these fields, electret power generation technology is of great significance for realizing micro-energy harvesting and motion detection.

[0003] An electret generator mainly consists of three parts: a mechanical transmission module, an electret power generation module, and an energy harvesting and utilization module. The mechanical transmission module converts complex motions in the environment into ideal motions, such as linear motion, rotational motion, and elastically damped vibrations, through a mechanical transmission mechanism. The electret power generation module utilizes the principle of electret electrostatic induction to convert mechanical energy from the transmission mechanism into electrical energy. The energy harvesting and utilization module processes the electret induction to achieve functions such as energy harvesting. This invention focuses on the mechanical transmission module and the electret power generation module.

[0004] Currently, existing achievements in mechanical transmission modules mainly fall into the following categories: ① Directly utilizing linear reciprocating motion in the environment. For example, patent ZL201810973392.8, an invention of an electret linear electrostatic generator, introduces a method that directly uses linear motion in the environment for electret sliding power generation. ② Directly utilizing rotational motion in the environment. For example, patent ZL201910768464.X, an invention of a multifunctional electret generator based on a permanent magnet levitation gyroscope, introduces a method that directly utilizes the rotation of fan blades driven by wind in the environment for electret rotational power generation. ③ Converting linear motion in the environment into rotational motion, which can utilize the good output performance of electret rotational power generation, is gradually becoming a new research direction. For example, patent ZL202110408835.0, an invention of a rope reciprocating driven multi-layer electret rotational generator, converts horizontal movement in the environment into horizontal rotation for electret rotational power generation. ④ When the motion from the environment is complex, the complex motion in the environment can be converted into elastic vibration through a flexible transmission mechanism. For example, the invention of a spherical electret wave energy generation device in patent ZL201910768461.6 introduces a spherical origami mechanism, which converts the complex motion in the environment into the elastic vibration of origami and collects energy using the principle of electret electrostatic induction.

[0005] With the development of triboelectric nanogenerators over the past decade, electrostatic induction power generation technology has gradually gained widespread application due to its superior output characteristics. This technology primarily relies on electret materials. Electret materials are materials capable of retaining charge. When subjected to a strong external electric field, the surface of an electret material becomes polarized, and the resulting polarization charge can remain for a long time even when the electric field is weak. Furthermore, after polarization, the surface of an electret can simultaneously retain dipole charges. These characteristics provide possibilities for the research of patterned charging of electret materials and more efficient charging schemes.

[0006] Based on practical experience, an analysis of current electret power generation schemes reveals two pressing issues: how to effectively convert reciprocating linear motion from the environment into unidirectional rotational motion, and how to rationally design a graphical charging scheme for electrets to improve power generation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved:

[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism. This mechanism, through a flexible clutch, converts the vertical reciprocating motion into a unidirectional, continuously accelerating rotational motion of the electret relative to the electrode plates. The electret power generation module employs multiple layers of electrets, with alternating positive and negative charges for patterned charging, thereby improving power generation performance.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is: an electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism, characterized in that: it includes a screw transmission mechanism and a rotary power generation module, wherein the screw transmission mechanism converts linear motion into rotary motion, thereby driving the rotary power generation module to generate electricity;

[0010] The helical transmission mechanism includes a helical rod, a helical rod reset mechanism, a sleeve, a sleeve reset mechanism, a flywheel, and a base main shaft. The base main shaft is located at the bottom of the entire device, with a main shaft vertically mounted on its upper end face. The helical rod, sleeve, and flywheel are coaxially mounted on the main shaft from top to bottom. The flywheel is rotatably connected to the main shaft via bearings, and its upper end face has internal tooth grooves along the circumference. The lower end face of the sleeve has right-angled triangular external tooth tips evenly distributed along the circumference, and the external tooth tips are opposite to and mesh with the internal tooth grooves. The sleeve and flywheel constitute a toothed clutch mechanism, which is activated by... The sleeve reset mechanism installed inside the sleeve allows the clutch mechanism to disengage, i.e., the sleeve and flywheel separate; the screw rod is a hollow screw structure, with its inner through hole fitted onto the main shaft in a clearance fit, and the screw rod and the top of the sleeve are in a threaded clearance fit; under the action of external force, the screw rod moves downward, and under the action of friction on the helical surface, the sleeve overcomes the resistance of the sleeve reset mechanism and moves downward until it engages with the flywheel, thereby driving the flywheel to rotate; the screw rod reset mechanism is set between the flywheel and the screw rod, and is used for limiting and resetting the position of the screw rod;

[0011] The rotating power generation module includes an electret plate and interdigitated electrode plates with an annular structure. The electret plate and interdigitated electrode plates are stacked alternately in a multi-layer structure. The multi-layer electret plates are fixed and separated by connectors and connected to a flywheel. The multi-layer interdigitated electrode plates are fixed and separated by connectors and connected to the main board of the base spindle. The flywheel drives the multi-layer electret plates to rotate relative to the multi-layer interdigitated electrode plates to generate electricity.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the outer tooth tip of the sleeve and the inner tooth groove of the flywheel form a one-way locking structure, that is, when the sleeve rotates counterclockwise relative to the flywheel, the two can rotate relative to each other, and when the sleeve rotates clockwise relative to the flywheel, the two lock together.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the sleeve reset mechanism includes a sleeve limiting part and a sleeve reset spring; the sleeve limiting part is a T-shaped rotating body, the central hole of which is fitted onto the main shaft of the base spindle and is an interference fit, which can limit the axial displacement of the flywheel; the sleeve reset spring is fitted inside the sleeve, the bottom end of which contacts the upper end face of the sleeve limiting part, and the top end of which contacts the inner wall of the top end of the sleeve; when stationary, the sleeve reset spring overcomes the weight of the sleeve, causing the sleeve to separate from the flywheel.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is: multiple protruding locking points are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the inner wall of the sleeve, and the outer periphery of the sleeve limiting part is locked on four protruding locking points to prevent the sleeve from coming out due to the spring preload.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the pitch of the screw rod is 24mm, and the preload compression is about 2mm; the wire diameter of the sleeve return spring is 0.8mm, and the preload compression is about 1mm; on the one hand, it ensures that the spring provides sufficient preload force to the sleeve, and on the other hand, it ensures that when the screw rod is pressed down, the axial force generated by the helical inclined surface is greater than the spring preload force, so as to realize the engagement of the toothed clutch mechanism.

[0016] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the screw rod reset mechanism includes a sleeve limiting part, a screw rod reset spring, and a limiting screw; the sleeve limiting part is a T-shaped rotating body, the central hole of which is fitted onto the main shaft of the base spindle and is an interference fit, which can limit the axial displacement of the flywheel; the screw rod reset spring is located between the bottom surface of the screw rod and the upper end surface of the sleeve limiting part, and when stationary, the screw rod reset spring overcomes the gravity of the screw rod, so that the screw rod is located at the top of the sleeve;

[0017] The screw of the limiting screw is connected to the self-tapping threaded hole of the main shaft of the base, and its nut extends into the through hole of the screw rod; the bottom of the screw rod is a converging hole with a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the nut, which axially limits the screw rod to prevent it from coming out due to the spring preload.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the connector is a single-through nylon post and a double-through nylon post.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the spiral rod has a left-hand rotation, the tooth profile of the one-way tooth is a right-angled triangle with a circumferential length of 1.7 mm and an axial length of 1.7 mm, the rotation direction of the tooth along the circumference is counterclockwise, and the axial distance between the outer tooth tip and the inner tooth groove is 0.6 mm; so as to ensure that when the spiral rod is pressed down, the sleeve and the flywheel mesh and lock together.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the diameter of the nylon column distribution circle on the electret plate should be smaller than the inner diameter of the interdigitated electrode plate, so as to ensure that the electret plate and the interdigitated electrode plate do not interfere during rotation.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the surface normal distance between the electret plate and the interdigitated electrode plate is about 1 mm, so as to ensure the efficiency of electrostatic induction power generation.

[0022] Working Principle: When the generator mechanism is stationary, the inner wall of the sleeve is subjected to the preload force of the sleeve return spring, resulting in a small axial clearance between the lower end face of the sleeve and the upper surface of the flywheel. The lower end face of the auger is subjected to the preload force of the auger return spring, resulting in a sufficient axial clearance between the lower end face of the auger and the upper surface of the sleeve limiting part. The helix on the auger is left-handed, and correspondingly, the meshing grooves on the sleeve rotate counterclockwise. The inner diameter of the auger sleeve should be larger than the outer diameter of the auger to ensure that the movement between the auger and the sleeve does not interfere.

[0023] When an external force is applied to the screw rod, the external force on the screw rod is greater than the elastic force of the screw rod return spring, and it moves downward along the axis. Under the action of friction on the helical surface, the axial force on the sleeve is greater than the elastic force of the sleeve return spring. It meshes with the flywheel through triangular teeth and is simultaneously subjected to torque, causing the flywheel to rotate clockwise. The flywheel drives the electret plate to rotate. During the rotation of the electret plate, an induced electromotive force is generated between the electret and the interdigital electrode through the principle of electrostatic induction. The electromotive force exists at both poles of the interdigital electrode plate, and the induced current can be drawn from the two poles of the interdigital electrode plate through a wire.

[0024] When the auger contacts the sleeve limiting part, the auger is obstructed and stops moving. At this time, the sleeve is subjected to a spring force from the sleeve return spring that is greater than the axial force from the auger. As a result, the sleeve rises along the helical surface. During the rise, when the protruding locking point on the inner wall of the sleeve contacts the sleeve limiting part, the sleeve is obstructed and stops moving.

[0025] When the external force applied to the screw is removed, the screw rises due to the elastic force of the screw return spring. During the rise, when the lower end face of the screw contacts the nut of the limit screw, the screw is obstructed and stops moving. At this point, the screw drive mechanism returns to its original state.

[0026] Beneficial effects

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It proposes an electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism, which can convert external impacts into unidirectional continuous rotation of the electret plate through helical transmission and toothed clutch mechanism, effectively extracting the energy of external impacts and converting it into electrical energy output, thus realizing continuous and efficient energy harvesting.

[0028] This invention boasts advantages such as small and compact size, flexible structure, energy saving, and environmental friendliness. Due to its lightweight and flexible structure, it can be applied to various wearable devices or micro energy harvesting devices, and can be widely used in outdoor hiking, fieldwork, and other scenarios, showing considerable market potential.

[0029] Compared to other electret power generation solutions, the advantages of this invention are:

[0030] 1. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of other energy harvesters in mechanical transmission. By introducing a helical transmission mechanism and a toothed clutch mechanism, it transforms the irregular reciprocating linear motion of the external environment into continuous high-speed unidirectional rotation, thereby improving energy harvesting efficiency.

[0031] 2. The present invention adopts a patterned charging scheme for electrets, which improves the power generation efficiency of electrets by corona polarizing the electret disk into sector regions.

[0032] 3. This invention can realize the conversion between ultra-low frequency input and high frequency output, and can be applied in multiple fields.

[0033] The power generation performance of its structure was tested. Three layers of interdigitated electrode plates were connected in parallel, and their open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and transferred charge were measured. Impedance matching tests were performed, and charging tests were conducted on different capacitors, such as... Figure 18-22 As shown. By Figure 18-20 It can be seen that for each excitation received, the structure rotates for approximately 35 seconds, with a maximum open-circuit voltage of about 80V, a maximum short-circuit current of about 12μA, and a transfer charge of approximately 30nC during rotation. Figure 21 It can be seen that the maximum output power is approximately 1.4mW; Figure 22 The graph shows the charging test curves of four different capacitance values ​​over 40 seconds.

[0034] In addition, such as Figure 23 , 24 As shown, we further explored the advantages of the structure: by Figure 23 It can be seen from the tests that the longest time for the structure to rotate in one cycle is approximately 45 seconds, and it reaches its maximum rotational speed of approximately 1500 rpm when initially subjected to external excitation, with the generated alternating current cycle lasting approximately 0.04 seconds. Simultaneously, the mechanism can achieve low-frequency and high-frequency conversion, as shown in the results... Figure 24 As shown: We simulate external excitation by striking the structure with our hands. The force of one strike is approximately 30N, which can be converted into a rotation time of about 45 seconds. Through comparison and calculation, the frequency of the external excitation is approximately 0.022Hz, while the rotation frequency of the mechanism is approximately 100Hz. This demonstrates a conversion from ultra-low frequency to high frequency, amplifying the frequency by more than four thousand times. Therefore, this can be applied to relevant fields in real life, such as harvesting energy from human walking. Each step a person takes can be converted into continuous rotation of the structure. Since the frequency of human walking exceeds 1Hz, combined with the frequency conversion relationship of this mechanism, it can be considered that the rotation of the mechanism is continuous, thus providing a continuous output of electrical energy. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the explosive decomposition of an example of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a screw rod structure;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sleeve return spring;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an interdigitated electrode board that has not undergone PCB manufacturing process.

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a disk structure without an electret film attached;

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of double-through studs and single-through studs in electret layer;

[0043] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the interdigitated electrode layer with double-pass stud, single-pass short stud, and single-pass long stud;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve limiting component structure;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a flywheel structure;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a bearing.

[0047] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the screw rod return spring;

[0048] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the screw rod limiting gasket;

[0049] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the screw limit screw for the screw rod

[0050] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure;

[0051] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the electret board after the electret film is pasted, the interdigitated electrode board for PCB fabrication, and the mask structure.

[0052] Figure 18 The graph shows the results of the open-circuit voltage measurement.

[0053] Figure 19 The result of the short-circuit current test is shown in the figure.

[0054] Figure 20The graph shows the results of the charge transfer test.

[0055] Figure 21 Impedance matching diagram;

[0056] Figure 22 Charging curves for capacitors with four capacitance values;

[0057] Figure 23 This is a diagram showing the operating characteristics under the longest rotation duration;

[0058] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the conversion between low-frequency input and high-frequency output.

[0059] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Helical rod: 1-1. Helical rod through hole; 1-2. Thread; 1-3. Helical rod shaft; 1-4. Helical rod limiting screw hole; 2. Sleeve: 2-1. Helical groove; 2-2. Sleeve mating hole; 2-3. Sleeve inner wall protrusion; 2-4. Toothed structure; 2-5. Sleeve inner wall; 3. Sleeve return spring; 4. Interdigitated electrode plate: 4-1. Interdigitated electrode plate threaded hole; 4-2. Interdigitated electrode plate inner hole; 5. Electret plate 5-1. Threaded hole in electret plate; 5-2. Inner hole in electret plate; 6. Double-through stud in electret layer: 6-1. Threaded hole in double-through stud in electret layer; 7. Single-through stud in electret layer: 7-1. Threaded hole in single-through stud in electret layer; 8. Double-through stud in interdigitated electrode layer: 8-1. Threaded hole in double-through stud in interdigitated electrode layer; 9. Single-through short stud in interdigitated electrode layer: 9-1. Threaded hole in single-through short stud in interdigitated electrode layer; 10. Single-through long stud in interdigitated electrode layer: 1 0-1. Single through-hole stud in the interdigitated electrode layer; 11. Sleeve limiting part: 11-1. Through hole in the sleeve limiting part; 12. Flywheel: 12-1. Flywheel hollow structure; 12-2. Bearing mounting hole; 12-3. Threaded hole; 12-4. Countersunk hole; 12-5. Toothed groove; 13. Bearing: 13-1. Inner ring; 13-2. Rolling element; 13-3. Outer ring; 14. Helical rod return spring; 15. Helical rod limiting washer: 15 -1. Large through hole; 15-2. Small through hole; 16. Spiral rod limiting screw: 16-1. Self-tapping thread; 17. Base: 17-1. Threaded hole; 17-2. Self-tapping threaded hole; 17-3. Base spindle; 17-4. Base hollow; 17-5. Base main board; 18. Processed interdigitated electrode: 18-1. Outer electrode area; 18-2. Inner electrode area; 18-3. Ear area; 19. Electret after film bonding; 20. Mask. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention is an electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism, comprising five parts: a helical transmission mechanism, a toothed clutch mechanism, a sleeve reset mechanism, a helical rod reset mechanism, and a rotary power generation module.

[0063] The screw drive mechanism is located at the upper end of the entire mechanism and includes a base main shaft 17-3, a screw rod 1, and a sleeve 2. The screw rod through hole 1-1 and the base main shaft 17-3 are fitted with a clearance fit to constrain the movement freedom of the screw rod 1, ensuring that the screw rod 1 can only move axially. The screw rod 1 and the sleeve 2 are fitted with a threaded clearance fit; this threaded connection is primarily used for transmission. The diameter of the sleeve fitting hole 2-2 is larger than the shaft diameter of the outer shaft 1-3 of the screw rod, thus ensuring that the screw drive is not hindered by friction from other locations.

[0064] The toothed clutch mechanism is mainly based on a toothed clutch and includes two parts: a sleeve 2 and a flywheel 12. Right-angled triangular toothed structures 2-4 are evenly distributed around the lower end face of the sleeve 2. Correspondingly, toothed grooves 12-5 with the same shape parameters are evenly distributed at the corresponding shaft diameter of the flywheel 12. When the sleeve 2 and flywheel 12 are in axial contact, the outer tips of the right-angled triangular teeth 2-4 mesh with the toothed grooves 12-5. After meshing, the sleeve 2 and flywheel 12 are locked in one direction: when the sleeve 2 rotates counterclockwise relative to the flywheel 12, they can rotate relative to each other, meaning the sleeve 2 drives the flywheel 12 to rotate; when the sleeve 2 rotates clockwise relative to the flywheel 12, they rotate synchronously and cannot rotate relative to each other, at which point the sleeve 2 cannot drive the flywheel 12 to rotate.

[0065] The sleeve reset mechanism includes a sleeve 2, a sleeve limiting part 11, and a sleeve reset spring 3. The sleeve limiting part 11 and the base main shaft 14-3 are axially and radially positioned via a shoulder and interference fit. When stationary, the upper circumference of the sleeve limiting part 11 just covers the protrusion 2-3 on the inner wall of the sleeve. The sleeve reset spring 3 is located between the sleeve limiting part 11 and the upper surface of the inner wall of the sleeve. When stationary, the sleeve reset spring 3 has a certain amount of compression to ensure that the sleeve does not sag due to gravity. The main function of the sleeve reset spring 3 is to be compressed after the sleeve 2 moves downward, and the elastic force generated by the compression will cause the sleeve 2 to spring back, thus achieving reset. Four protruding locking points 2-3 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the inner wall of the sleeve 2. The function of the locking points 2-3 is to axially limit the springback of the sleeve 2.

[0066] The screw rod reset mechanism includes a screw rod 1, a sleeve limiting part 11, a screw rod reset spring 14, a screw rod limiting screw 16, and a screw rod limiting washer 15. The screw rod reset spring 14 is located between the sleeve limiting part 11 and the lower end face of the screw rod 1. When stationary, it has a certain amount of compression to ensure that the screw rod 1 does not droop due to gravity. The main function of the screw rod reset spring 14 is to be compressed when the screw rod 1 is pressed down, and the elastic force generated by the compression will cause the screw rod 1 to spring back, thus achieving reset. The screw rod limiting washer 15 cooperates with the screw rod limiting screw 16 and is placed between the screw rod limiting screw 16 and the upper end face of the base spindle 17-3. The screw rod limiting screw 16 is connected to the self-tapping threaded hole 17-2 on the upper end face of the base spindle 14-3, and its function is to axially limit the sleeve 2 through the nut.

[0067] The rotary power generation module consists of a bearing 13, a flywheel 12, an electret plate 5, an interdigitated electrode plate 4, a double-through stud 6 for the electret layer, a single-through stud 7 for the electret layer, a double-through stud 8 for the interdigitated electrode layer, a single-through short stud 9 for the interdigitated electrode layer, and a single-through long stud 10 for the interdigitated electrode layer. The flywheel 12 is connected to the base main shaft 17-3 via the bearing 13. The bearing 13 and the base main shaft 17-3 are axially and radially positioned through a shoulder and interference fit. The electret plate 5 is fixedly connected to the flywheel 12 via the single-through nylon stud 7, the double-through nylon stud 6, and the screw rod limiting screw 16. The interdigitated electrode plate 4 is fixedly connected to the base main plate 17-5 via the single-through short stud 9, the single-through long stud 10, the double-through stud 8, and the screw rod limiting screw 16. It is important to note that the diameter of the nylon column distribution circle connecting the electret plate 5 should be smaller than the diameter of the inner hole 4-2 of the interdigitated electrode plate to ensure that the electret component and the interdigitated electrode plate component do not interfere with each other during rotation. Additionally, the surface normal distance between the electret plate 5 and the interdigitated electrode plate 4 should be set to an appropriate value, neither too large nor too small, to ensure the efficiency of electrostatic induction power generation.

[0068] Preferably, when the device is stationary, the axial distance between the lower end face of the screw rod and the upper surface of the sleeve limiting part is 9mm, so as to ensure that the screw rod has sufficient axial movement space under the action of external force and improve the utilization rate of input energy.

[0069] Preferably, when the device is stationary, the normal distance between the lower end face of the sleeve and the upper surface of the flywheel is 0.5 mm, so as to ensure that the sleeve can move downward and fully mesh with the tooth groove on the flywheel when subjected to a small axial external force, thereby improving the transmission sensitivity.

[0070] Preferably, the interlayer spacing of the electret plate is 3mm, the interlayer spacing of the interdigitated electrode plate is 3mm, and when the two are alternately assembled, the minimum normal distance between the surface of the electret plate and the surface of the interdigitated electrode is 1mm.

[0071] Preferably, the upper surface of the interdigital electrode plate is provided with an outer region and an inner region in an alternating manner along the circumference, and two ear pieces are symmetrically distributed on the outer circumference; the inner region and the outer region are respectively connected to the ear pieces on both sides; the interdigital electrode plate is regionally segmented and processed by electronic printing technology.

[0072] When the entire mechanism is stationary, the inner wall 2-5 of the sleeve is subjected to the preload force of the sleeve return spring 3, resulting in a certain axial gap between the lower end face of the sleeve 2 and the upper surface of the flywheel 12; the lower end face of the helical rod 1 is subjected to the preload force of the helical rod return spring 14, resulting in a sufficient axial gap between the lower end face of the helical rod 1 and the upper surface of the sleeve limiting part 11. The helix on the helical rod 1 is left-handed, and correspondingly, the helical groove 2-1 on the sleeve 2 rotates counterclockwise.

[0073] When an external force is applied to the screw rod 1, the force on the screw rod 1 is greater than the elastic force of the screw rod return spring 14, causing it to translate downwards axially. Under the friction of the helical surface, the axial force on the sleeve 2 is greater than the elastic force of the sleeve return spring 3, and it engages with the flywheel 12 through the toothed structure 2-4. Simultaneously, it is subjected to torque, causing the flywheel 12 to rotate clockwise. The flywheel 12 drives the electret plate 5 to rotate and generate electricity. When the screw rod return spring 14 is compressed to its maximum stroke, the screw rod 1 is obstructed and stops moving. At this time, the elastic force of the sleeve return spring 3 on the sleeve 2 is greater than the axial force from the screw rod 1, and the sleeve thus rises along the helical surface. During the rise, when the protruding locking point 2-3 on the inner wall of the sleeve contacts the sleeve limiting part 11, the sleeve 2 is obstructed and stops moving, returning to its original position. When the external force applied to the screw rod 1 is removed, the screw rod 1 rises back due to the elastic force of the screw rod return spring 14. During the rise, when the lower end face of the screw rod 1 contacts the screw rod limit screw 16, the screw rod 1 is obstructed and stops moving. At this point, the screw transmission mechanism returns to its original state.

[0074] Reference Figure 2As shown, the rotating power generation module can be divided into two parts: a rotor and a stator. The rotor includes bearings, a flywheel, an electret layer, and connecting nylon studs; the stator includes a base, interdigitated electrode layers, and connecting nylon studs. During the entire rotational operation, the stator remains stationary, while the rotor, based on the principle of electrostatic induction, induces periodic charges on the interdigitated electrode plates in the stator, thereby generating a displacement current.

[0075] After the interdigitated electrode plate 4 is processed by PCB technology, as follows: Figure 17 As shown, staggered outer electrode areas and inner electrode areas are provided along the lower circumferential direction on both the front and back sides, and two ear pieces are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumferential surface; the inner electrode area and the outer electrode area are respectively connected to the corresponding ear pieces; the interdigital electrode board 18 adopts regional division, and copper pouring is performed in the corresponding areas through PCB process to complete the fabrication of the interdigital electrodes.

[0076] The electret plate 5 employs patterned corona charging, with adjacent regions carrying opposite charges; the electret film is bonded to the plate using Parylene, Teflon, or silicon dioxide. During patterned corona charging, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the corresponding area of ​​the electret plate 19 is covered by the mask 20. After the charging is completed, the mask is covered to cover the remaining area, and the remaining area of ​​the electret plate 19 is charged with a charge of opposite polarity, thus completing the charging work on the electret.

[0077] Reference Figure 2As shown, the assembly method of the entire mechanism is as follows: First, install the stator and rotor parts (rotating power generation module): Place the bearing 13 in the bearing mounting hole 12-2, insert the flywheel 12 into the base main shaft 17-3, and screw the screws upside down into the countersunk hole 12-4 of the flywheel and the threaded hole 17-1 of the base, respectively. Screw the single-through long stud 10 of the interdigitated electrode layer into the screw on the base, place the first layer of interdigitated electrode plate on the single-through long stud 10 of the interdigitated electrode layer, then screw the single-through stud 7 of the electret layer into the screw on the flywheel, then place the first layer of electret plate on the single-through stud 7 of the electret layer, and then screw the single-through short stud 9 of the interdigitated electrode layer into the screw passing through the first layer of interdigitated electrode plate to complete the installation of the second layer of interdigitated electrode plate. Then, install the second layer of electret plate in the same steps. Alternately, until the installation of three layers of interdigitated electrode plates and two layers of electret plates is completed. At this time, the installation of the stator and rotor parts is completed. Next, install the toothed clutch mechanism and the sleeve reset mechanism: Place the sleeve reset spring 3 into the inner wall 2-5 of the sleeve, and insert the sleeve limiting part 11 into the inner wall 2-5 of the sleeve. Note that the circumferential part of the sleeve limiting part 11 must be engaged with the protrusion 2-3 on the inner wall of the sleeve to achieve the limiting function. At this point, the sleeve limiting part 11 is integrated with the sleeve 2. Insert the through hole 11-1 of the sleeve limiting part into the base spindle 17-3. The installation of the toothed clutch mechanism and the sleeve reset mechanism is now complete. Finally, install the screw drive mechanism and the screw rod reset mechanism: Place the screw rod reset spring 3 onto the base spindle 17-3, with the lower end of the spring contacting the sleeve limiting part 11. Then, insert the screw rod 1 into the base spindle 17-3 through the screw groove 2-1. Place the screw rod limiting washer 15 on the upper end of the screw rod limiting screw hole 1-4, and then screw the screw rod limiting screw 16 into the self-tapping threaded hole 17-2 through the screw rod through hole 1-1. The entire assembly is now complete.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, since the diameter of the threaded holes of the electret plate 5 and the interdigitated electrode plate 4 is smaller than the diameter of the inscribed circle of the stud cross section, it is possible to support the two electret plates with single-pass, double-pass electret layer studs 6 and single-pass electret layer studs 7, and ensure that they are placed in parallel with consistent spacing. At the same time, the interdigitated electrode plates can also be supported with double-pass interdigitated electrode layer studs 8, single-pass short interdigitated electrode layer studs 9 and single-pass long interdigitated electrode layer studs 10, and ensure that they are placed in parallel with consistent spacing.

[0079] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a screw drive mechanism and a rotary power generation module. The screw drive mechanism converts linear motion into rotational motion, which in turn drives the rotary power generation module to generate electricity. The helical transmission mechanism includes a helical rod, a helical rod reset mechanism, a sleeve, a sleeve reset mechanism, a flywheel, and a base main shaft. The base main shaft is located at the bottom of the entire device, with a main shaft vertically mounted on its upper end face. The helical rod, sleeve, and flywheel are coaxially mounted on the main shaft from top to bottom. The flywheel is rotatably connected to the main shaft via bearings, and its upper end face has internal tooth grooves along the circumferential direction. The lower end face of the sleeve has right-angled triangular external tooth tips evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The external tooth tips are opposite to and mesh with the internal tooth grooves. The sleeve and flywheel constitute a toothed clutch mechanism, which... The sleeve reset mechanism installed inside the sleeve allows the clutch mechanism to disengage, i.e., the sleeve and flywheel separate. The screw rod is a hollow screw structure with its inner through hole fitted onto the main shaft in a clearance fit. The screw rod and the top of the sleeve are connected by a threaded clearance fit. When an external force is applied, the screw rod moves downward. Under the friction of the helical surface, the sleeve overcomes the resistance of the sleeve reset mechanism and moves downward until it engages with the flywheel, thereby driving the flywheel to rotate. The screw rod reset mechanism is located between the flywheel and the screw rod and is used for limiting and resetting the position of the screw rod. The sleeve reset mechanism includes a sleeve limiting part and a sleeve reset spring; the sleeve limiting part is a T-shaped rotating body, whose central hole is fitted onto the main shaft of the base spindle with an interference fit, which can limit the axial displacement of the flywheel; the sleeve reset spring is fitted inside the sleeve, with its bottom end contacting the upper end face of the sleeve limiting part and its top end contacting the inner wall of the top end of the sleeve; when stationary, the sleeve reset spring overcomes the weight of the sleeve, causing the sleeve to separate from the flywheel; The inner wall of the sleeve has multiple protruding locking points evenly distributed around the circumference at the bottom. The outer periphery of the sleeve limiting part is locked on four protruding locking points to prevent the sleeve from coming out due to the spring preload. The rotating power generation module includes an electret plate and interdigitated electrode plates with an annular structure. The electret plate and interdigitated electrode plates are stacked alternately in a multi-layer structure. The multi-layer electret plates are fixed and separated by connectors and connected to a flywheel. The multi-layer interdigitated electrode plates are fixed and separated by connectors and connected to the main board of the base spindle. The flywheel drives the multi-layer electret plates to rotate relative to the multi-layer interdigitated electrode plates to generate electricity.

2. The electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tooth tip of the sleeve and the inner tooth groove of the flywheel form a one-way locking structure. That is, when the sleeve rotates counterclockwise relative to the flywheel, the two can rotate relative to each other. When the sleeve rotates clockwise relative to the flywheel, the two lock together.

3. The electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch of the screw rod is 24mm, and the preload compression is about 2mm; the wire diameter of the sleeve return spring is 0.8mm, and the preload compression is about 1mm. On the one hand, this ensures that the spring provides sufficient preload force to the sleeve, and on the other hand, it ensures that when the screw rod is pressed down, the axial force generated by the inclined surface of the screw surface is greater than the spring preload force, so as to realize the engagement of the toothed clutch mechanism.

4. The electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod reset mechanism includes a screw rod reset spring and a limiting screw; the screw rod reset spring is located between the bottom surface of the screw rod and the upper end surface of the sleeve limiting part. When stationary, the screw rod reset spring overcomes the gravity of the screw rod, so that the screw rod is located at the top of the sleeve. The screw of the limiting screw is connected to the self-tapping threaded hole of the main shaft of the base, and its nut extends into the through hole of the screw rod; the bottom of the screw rod is a converging hole with a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the nut, which axially limits the screw rod to prevent it from coming out due to the spring preload.

5. The electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connectors are single-through nylon posts and double-through nylon posts.

6. The electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod rotates to the left, the outer tooth tip has a right-angled triangle profile with a circumferential length of 1.7 mm and an axial length of 1.7 mm, the tooth rotates counterclockwise along the circumference, and the axial distance between the outer tooth tip and the inner tooth groove is 0.6 mm; to ensure that when the screw rod is pressed down, the sleeve and flywheel mesh and lock together.

7. The electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the nylon column distribution circle on the electret plate should be smaller than the inner diameter of the interdigitated electrode plate to ensure that the electret plate and the interdigitated electrode plate do not interfere with each other during rotation.

8. The electret generator based on a linear-rotary-clutch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface normal distance between the electret plate and the interdigitated electrode plate is about 1 mm to ensure the efficiency of electrostatic induction power generation.

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