A blockchain-based power system measurement data security sharing method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on blockchain's electric power system measurement data security sharing method, comprising: the query architecture of the blockchain of the form of private chain+public chain is constructed, wherein, private chain is constituted by light node in electric power system, and public chain is constituted by full node in electric power system;When the interaction of measurement data between full nodes is carried out in blockchain, measurement data is confused processing, and measurement data confusion rule is asymmetrically encrypted;When the interaction of measurement data between light nodes is carried out in blockchain, whether light node is adjacent is used to adopt blockchain encryption or consensus mechanism to interact.The application carries out safety protection to electric power system measurement data in its entire life cycle, eliminates the hidden danger that data is tampered with or disclosed;Measurement data interaction between different nodes can be utilized, different business data requests under electric power system are realized, and the safety, privacy and accuracy of data in measurement data interaction process are guaranteed using the smart contract of blockchain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power data security technology, specifically to a blockchain-based method for securely sharing power system measurement data. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the level of digitalization and informatization in the power sector has increased, but data security and privacy remain the biggest challenges in the innovation and development of the power system. Power system measurement data, including marketing data, environmental data, and power system status data, is vulnerable to tampering or attacks that compromise its integrity. If leaked to third-party organizations, it poses a serious threat to the privacy of the power system and can cause significant losses. Furthermore, different owners, users, and providers of power system measurement data require different protection measures when using the data, and the lack of flexible and unified methods for management and sharing has significantly impacted transmission efficiency.

[0003] Blockchain technology, with its decentralized, immutable, and traceable characteristics, has garnered widespread attention and can provide a secure, efficient, and reliable distributed solution for power system measurement data. Unlike traditional data storage technologies, blockchain technology integrates the advantages of cryptography and distributed storage, making it a distributed database application technology with extremely strong confidentiality and privacy, particularly suitable for data storage applications with high security requirements. However, traditional blockchain technology suffers from limited throughput and scalability due to its single-chain data structure, and traditional consensus mechanisms such as Proof-of-Work (PoW) generate excessive consensus latency. This makes traditional blockchain structures unsuitable for applications like power systems that involve frequent and rapid data requests. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a blockchain-based method for secure sharing of power system measurement data, so as to improve the accuracy, security and privacy of power system measurement data.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for secure sharing of power system measurement data, comprising:

[0006] A query architecture for a blockchain combining a private chain and a public chain is constructed, wherein the private chain consists of light nodes in the power system, and the public chain consists of full nodes in the power system.

[0007] When exchanging measurement data between full nodes in the blockchain, the measurement data is obfuscated, and the obfuscation rules are asymmetrically encrypted.

[0008] When exchanging measurement data between light nodes in a blockchain, the blockchain encryption or consensus mechanism is used for the interaction depending on whether the light nodes are adjacent.

[0009] Furthermore, the full node includes the full node of the production control system, the full node of the management information system, and the full node of the Internet system. The full node includes all measurement data in its own system.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the power system client's business access request, the private chain creates blocks using smart contracts according to its own needs, and stores the block headers in the public chain. When the power system's measurement data is retrieved, the power system client's business requester first retrieves the public chain data, and then the owner of the metadata obtained through the public chain data provides the relevant data to the applicant after verifying the authorization certificate.

[0011] Furthermore, when the power system client's business access requires measurement data interaction between different full nodes, the power system client submits a measurement data sharing request to the blockchain. The smart contract determines whether the data corresponding to the measurement data sharing request can be shared, and only after determining that it can be shared will the measurement data sharing request be sent to each of the aforementioned blocks.

[0012] Furthermore, the obfuscation of measurement data specifically involves randomly combining several measurement data sets to generate a new measurement data set, including measurement data splitting, measurement data merging, measurement data folding, and measurement data flattening. Measurement data splitting involves splitting a data set in a full node into several sub-measurement data sets with the same dimension. Measurement data merging involves merging multiple measurement data sets with the same dimension into one measurement data set. Measurement data folding refers to increasing the dimension of the measurement data. Measurement data flattening reduces the dimension of the measurement data.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific process for exchanging measurement data across all nodes is as follows:

[0014] The first full node aggregates and obfuscates the measurement data, hides the public key used in the measurement data obfuscation rule, and then sends the hidden measurement data obfuscation rule public key to the second full node.

[0015] The second full node uses the stealth measurement data obfuscation rule and a random number to perform asymmetric encryption and generate a new measurement data obfuscation rule.

[0016] The first full node uses the private key of the stealth measurement data obfuscation rule to decrypt the newly generated measurement data obfuscation rule of the second full node, obtains the private key of the measurement data obfuscation rule, and then decrypts the obfuscation rule according to the asymmetric encryption algorithm, thereby realizing the interaction of measurement data between full nodes.

[0017] Furthermore, the sharing of measurement data between light nodes includes the interaction of measurement data between two adjacent light nodes and the interaction of measurement data between two non-adjacent light nodes.

[0018] Furthermore, the process of measurement data interaction between two adjacent light nodes is as follows:

[0019] The first light node encrypts the measurement data using a public key and then sends the encrypted measurement data to the second light node.

[0020] The second light node uses its own private key to decrypt the measurement data;

[0021] During the transmission of measurement data, only the hash value of the light nodes jointly calculated in the block is unique, thereby ensuring the security and immutability of the measurement data.

[0022] Furthermore, the process for exchanging measurement data between two non-adjacent light nodes is as follows:

[0023] The full node sends the measurement data sharing request to each light node;

[0024] Each light node responds to the measurement data sharing request. If more than a preset proportion of light nodes agree to the measurement data sharing request, the interaction proceeds according to the measurement data interaction process between two adjacent light nodes; otherwise, the interaction fails, and the light node needs to send the measurement data sharing request to the full node again.

[0025] Furthermore, the preset ratio is two-thirds.

[0026] Implementing this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides security protection for power system measurement data throughout its entire lifecycle, ensuring that the data owner has complete control over the data information and eliminating the risk of data tampering or leakage; This invention can utilize the interaction of measurement data between different nodes to realize different business data requests under the power system, and the use of blockchain smart contracts ensures the security, privacy, and accuracy of data during the measurement data interaction process. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based method for securely sharing power system measurement data, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a blockchain-based method for secure sharing of power system measurement data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the authorization process for using power system measurement data in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the measurement data block of the power system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of measurement data interaction between all nodes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of measurement data interaction between two adjacent light nodes in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following description of the embodiments is taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can be implemented.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a blockchain-based method for securely sharing power system measurement data, including:

[0036] Step S1: Construct a query architecture for a blockchain in the form of a private chain + a public chain, wherein the private chain consists of light nodes in the power system and the public chain consists of full nodes in the power system.

[0037] Step S2: When exchanging measurement data between full nodes in the blockchain, the measurement data is obfuscated and the obfuscation rules are asymmetrically encrypted.

[0038] Step S3: When exchanging measurement data between light nodes in the blockchain, the blockchain encryption or consensus mechanism is used for the interaction based on whether the light nodes are adjacent.

[0039] Specifically, please combine Figure 2As shown, in step S1, data from the power system's measurement data owner server is sent to the blockchain server to establish data records. Because the blockchain itself has tamper-proof characteristics, it ensures that the data sent to the power system's cloud server is identical to the metadata. During the process of uploading local measurement data to the power system's cloud server, each piece of local measurement data received by the cloud server is encrypted using asymmetric encryption technology. If an intruder attempts to launch an attack, the computational load required to crack it is extremely large, making mass cracking virtually impossible. Users using the power system client access data in the power system under a smart contract model, interacting with the system according to predetermined rules. The system only returns the results of the requested services to the user, thus ensuring that the data in the system is both open and secure.

[0040] The blockchain query architecture is built using a "private chain + public chain" approach. The private chain consists of light nodes within the power system. These light nodes lack high computing power and storage capacity, making it impossible to store all the information in the blockchain. However, there are many light nodes, allowing them to interact and transmit measurement data. The public chain consists of full nodes within the power system, including full nodes in the production control system, management information system, and internet system. Each full node contains all the measurement data from its own system. The authorized use process for power system measurement data is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. In the specific business process of the power system, based on the power system client's business access request, the private chain uses smart contracts to create blocks according to its own needs, and stores the block headers on the public chain. When the power system's measurement data is retrieved, the power system client business requester needs to first retrieve the public chain data, and then obtain the metadata through the public chain data. After verifying the authorization certificate, the owner provides the relevant data to the applicant.

[0041] The structure of the blocks created from the measurement data of the power system is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, during the process of measuring data interaction with each node, both public chain blocks and private chain blocks must be established simultaneously. In addition, the interaction process also includes attribute factors such as keys, identifiers, and operation permissions.

[0042] A full node includes the master node of the production control system, the master node of the management information system, and the master node of the internet system. Each full node contains all measurement data within its own system. When power system client services require measurement data exchange between different full nodes, security protection is needed for the measurement data between different full nodes to eliminate the risk of data tampering or leakage. When a full node wants to obtain measurement data from another full node, it needs the consent of that full node. When full nodes exchange measurement data, obfuscation techniques and encryption rules are used to ensure the security and reliability of the measurement data.

[0043] Specifically, when a power system client service requires measurement data exchange between full nodes, the client service submits a measurement data sharing request to the blockchain. The smart contract determines whether the data corresponding to the measurement data sharing request can be shared. If sharing is confirmed, the measurement data sharing request is then forwarded to the relevant blocks. Data obfuscation technology is used in direct measurement data sharing among full nodes to ensure the immutability and security of the measurement data. This technology encrypts and reassembles the measurement data between full nodes, making the obfuscated data unidentifiable as having a direct source, thus achieving the goal of measurement data privacy.

[0044] When interacting with measurement data in a blockchain, the measurement data is obfuscated. Obfuscation primarily protects critical data by altering its format and structure according to certain rules, thus obfuscating the original data while ensuring its accuracy. This embodiment employs aggregate obfuscation to process measurement data in the power system. Aggregate obfuscation randomly combines several measurement data sets to generate a new set, including data splitting, merging, folding, and flattening. Data splitting involves splitting a single data set in a full node into several sub-measurement data sets with the same dimension; data merging combines multiple measurement data sets with the same dimension into a single set; data folding increases the dimension of the measurement data, such as transforming one-dimensional data into two-dimensional data; and data flattening reduces the dimension of the measurement data. Different types of aggregate obfuscation are used depending on the different business access requirements of the power system client.

[0045] like Figure 5As shown, to protect data privacy and avoid exposing all of its measurement data during measurement data exchange among full nodes, full node A aggregates and obfuscates the measurement data, hides the public key used in the obfuscation rule, and then sends the hidden obfuscation rule public key to full node B. This hidden obfuscation rule public key conceals the node address of the full node, preventing full node B from accessing the measurement data and protecting its privacy. Full node B then uses this hidden obfuscation rule and a random number to perform asymmetric encryption, generating a new obfuscation rule. Full node A can decrypt the newly generated obfuscation rule using the hidden obfuscation rule private key, obtain the private key of the obfuscation rule, and then use an asymmetric encryption algorithm to decrypt the obfuscation rule, ultimately enabling measurement data exchange between full nodes. By obfuscating the measurement data and encrypting the obfuscation rules, and hiding the node addresses, the full node receiving the measurement data cannot know the full content of the measurement data of other full nodes, and the full node cannot backtrack the measurement data. Only the measurement data process can be traced. This protects the privacy and security of the measurement data of different full nodes, reduces the pressure between nodes when the measurement data is interacting, improves the user experience of the business, and improves the efficiency of measurement data interaction.

[0046] As mentioned earlier, a full node includes the production control system master node, the management information system master node, and the internet system master node. Each master node in a full node contains all the measurement data within its own system. Each of the three master systems contains many light nodes. Light nodes are the senders of measurement data in the blockchain network. These devices often lack high computing power and storage capacity, and cannot store all the information in the blockchain. Only adjacent light nodes contain each other's measurement data. Therefore, the sharing of measurement data between light nodes can be divided into two forms:

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, when power system client service access requires measurement data exchange between two adjacent light nodes, the measurement data exchange process is as follows:

[0048] Each light node has a key pair, including a public key and a private key. When two adjacent light nodes A and B exchange measurement data, the light node sends a measurement data sharing request to the full node. The smart contract in the block determines whether the measurement data sharing request can be shared. After determining that sharing is possible, light node A sends the measurement data to light node B, using public key encryption. Light node A obtains light node B's public key from its own public key and encrypts the measurement data, obtaining ciphertext which is then sent to light node B. The ciphertext S is obtained using the following formula:

[0049] S=H(PK i ,Si )

[0050] Among them, PK i S is the public key. i H represents the measurement data, and H is the hash function.

[0051] Light node B decrypts the data using its own private key. Because the hash value in a block is a random number, a block network structure composed of hashes unique to each block is established in the blockchain network. During the transmission of measurement data, only the hash value calculated by the light nodes in the block is unique. This ensures that a fixed, uninterruptible encrypted network transmission is formed in the blockchain encrypted network device, guaranteeing the security and immutability of the measurement data.

[0052] When a power system client service requires measurement data exchange between two non-adjacent light nodes, the measurement data exchange process is as follows:

[0053] When two non-adjacent light nodes interact with measurement data, the light node sends a measurement data sharing request to the full node. The smart contract in the block determines whether the measurement data sharing request can be shared. If it is determined that sharing is possible, the full node receives and sends the measurement data sharing request to all light nodes. Each light node responds to this request. In this embodiment, the requirement for consensus among light nodes is that more than two-thirds of the light nodes agree to the measurement data sharing request. If more than one-third of the light nodes disagree with the measurement data sharing request, the measurement data interaction between the two non-adjacent light nodes fails, and the light node needs to send another measurement data sharing request to the full node. When measurement data interaction is allowed in the blockchain, the encryption process is the same as when measurement data interaction occurs between two adjacent light nodes.

[0054] As can be seen from the above description, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides security protection for power system measurement data throughout its entire lifecycle, ensuring that the data owner has complete control over the data information and eliminating the risk of data tampering or leakage; the present invention can utilize the interaction of measurement data between different nodes to realize different business data requests under the power system, and the use of blockchain smart contracts ensures the security, privacy and accuracy of data during the measurement data interaction process.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for secure sharing of power system measurement data based on blockchain, characterized in that, include: A query architecture for a blockchain combining a private chain and a public chain is constructed. The private chain consists of light nodes within the power system, while the public chain consists of full nodes within the power system. Based on access requests from power system clients, the private chain uses smart contracts to create blocks and stores the block headers in the public chain. When power system measurement data is retrieved, the power system client first searches the public chain for data. Then, the owner of the metadata obtained through the public chain verifies the authorization certificate and provides the relevant data to the applicant. When exchanging measurement data between full nodes in the blockchain, the measurement data is obfuscated, and the obfuscation rules are asymmetrically encrypted. When light nodes interact with measurement data in a blockchain, the interaction is conducted using either blockchain encryption or a consensus mechanism, depending on whether the light nodes are adjacent. The sharing of measurement data between light nodes includes interaction between two adjacent light nodes and interaction between two non-adjacent light nodes. The process for interaction between two adjacent light nodes is as follows: the first light node obtains the public key of the second light node, encrypts the measurement data using the second light node's public key, and sends the encrypted measurement data to the second light node; the second light node decrypts the measurement data using its private key, which is paired one-to-one with its public key. During the transmission of measurement data, only the hash value of the light nodes jointly calculated in the block is unique. The process for measurement data interaction between two non-adjacent light nodes is as follows: the full node sends a measurement data sharing request to each light node; each light node responds to the measurement data sharing request. If more than a preset proportion of light nodes agree to the measurement data sharing request, the interaction proceeds according to the measurement data interaction process between two adjacent light nodes; otherwise, the interaction fails, and the light node needs to send a measurement data sharing request to the full node again.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full node includes the full node of the production control system, the full node of the management information system, and the full node of the Internet system. The full node includes all measurement data in its own system.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a power system client service access requires measurement data interaction between different full nodes, the power system client submits a measurement data sharing request to the blockchain. The smart contract determines whether the data corresponding to the measurement data sharing request can be shared, and only after determining that it can be shared will the measurement data sharing request be sent to each of the aforementioned blocks.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The obfuscation of measurement data specifically involves randomly combining several measurement data sets to generate a new measurement data set. This includes measurement data splitting, measurement data merging, measurement data folding, and measurement data flattening. Measurement data splitting involves splitting a data set in a full node into several sub-measurement data sets with the same dimension. Measurement data merging involves merging multiple measurement data sets with the same dimension into one measurement data set. Measurement data folding refers to increasing the dimension of the measurement data. Measurement data flattening reduces the dimension of the measurement data.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process for exchanging measurement data across all nodes is as follows: The first full node aggregates and obfuscates the measurement data, hides the public key used in the measurement data obfuscation rule, and then sends the hidden measurement data obfuscation rule public key to the second full node. The second full node uses the stealth measurement data obfuscation rule and a random number to perform asymmetric encryption and generate a new measurement data obfuscation rule. The first full node uses the private key of the stealth measurement data obfuscation rule to decrypt the newly generated measurement data obfuscation rule of the second full node, obtains the private key of the measurement data obfuscation rule, and then decrypts the obfuscation rule according to the asymmetric encryption algorithm, thereby realizing the interaction of measurement data between full nodes.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset ratio is two-thirds.

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