A design method of composite field high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production and electrolytic cell device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of chemical preparation, and particularly relates to a design method of composite field high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production, comprising a composite field high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production electrolytic cell device, which comprises an energy assignment mechanism, the energy assignment mechanism comprises an electric field energy assignment component, a control component connected with one end of the electric field energy assignment component and a microwave energy assignment component connected with one side of the control component; the hydrogen production mechanism comprises a reaction heat preservation box arranged at the top end of the microwave energy assignment component, a magnetic catalytic electrode arranged in the reaction heat preservation box, a gas-liquid separator connected with the top end of the reaction heat preservation box and a magnetic energy device arranged in the middle of the magnetic catalytic electrode; the composite field system of the device can greatly reduce the power consumption and mass transfer resistance in the traditional electrolytic hydrogen production process, can effectively promote the water electrolysis catalytic reaction, can reduce the reaction temperature, can improve the reactor performance and electrolysis efficiency, can reduce the reaction energy consumption and can improve the reaction gas purity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production design method and electrolytic cell device with a composite field. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hydrogen electrolysis, the electrolyzers used (including alkaline water hydrogen production cells, pure water hydrogen production cells, or other types of electrolyzers) are mostly plate and frame structures. This structure relies heavily on the use of electrode catalysts and functional membrane materials, especially scarce precious metal catalysts and proton exchange membranes. Due to the limitations and performance constraints of electrode performance and materials, membrane materials, or membrane electrodes, methods to further improve hydrogen production capacity and energy efficiency are limited. Therefore, it is necessary to consider other feasible solutions to improve the gas production performance of electrolyzers.

[0003] Improving the performance of electrolyzers while simultaneously reducing energy consumption per unit product and increasing energy efficiency is currently the most pressing issue to address. In traditional electrolytic hydrogen production systems, alkaline electrolysis systems have a conversion efficiency of 70%-80%, while PEM electrolysis systems have a conversion efficiency of 80%-90%. Therefore, the performance of traditional electrolyzer membranes and catalysts, as well as the hydrogen production capacity of the cells, need further improvement. However, current improvements in material performance have reached a bottleneck and cannot achieve further breakthroughs. Furthermore, the volatility of the power supply system has a profound impact on the electrolyzer. Renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power are all volatile power sources, and fluctuations in the power supply can cause material degradation and performance decline. When the input power changes, the current decreases as the input power decreases, and the heat generated in the electrolyzer decays more quickly. The heat exchange system responds more slowly, which exacerbates the temperature drop in the electrolyzer, reduces the gas production rate, and causes changes in hydrogen and oxygen side pressure, making it highly susceptible to hydrogen-oxygen cross-contamination and safety risks. When the current increases, the amount of H2 and O2 generated by the electrodes increases, and the nascent bubbles generated by the electrodes cover the active sites on the electrode surface, leading to an increase in catalytic reaction resistance. This increases the overpotential, resulting in a higher electrolysis voltage and a decrease in electrolysis efficiency. At the same time, due to the blockage of bubbles, the water molecules available for reaction in the electrolyte on the electrolysis surface are delayed, resulting in poor surface reaction uniformity and the occurrence of local hot spots. This can also lead to sintering and agglomeration of active sites, further reducing activity and electrode lifespan. In addition, the drastic fluctuations in the input power cause frequent start-stop of the control actuators, which in turn reduces the lifespan of the auxiliary systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] In view of the low efficiency of hydrogen production methods mentioned above or in the prior art, and the inability to fully utilize and recycle the materials used in their preparation, this invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production design method for composite fields.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a design method for a high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production electrolyzer with a composite field, the method comprising the following steps: Initial empowerment: In an electric field-energized device, the electrolyte is given electrostatic energy by an electrostatic field. Water and its water molecule groups change their state due to polarization and ionization, breaking the aggregation of water molecule groups and deforming them under the action of the electric field. At the same time, water molecules and water molecule groups exist in a regular form under the action of the electric field and are in a higher energy state. Secondary empowerment: The water, after being energized, enters a microwave energizing device, where it undergoes high-efficiency heating and secondary energization via microwaves.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen production design method of the present invention, the electrolyte, after being energized and microwave heated, enters the electrocatalytic reaction system through the flow channel of the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The gas-liquid mixture flows out from the upper flow channel and is separated into gas and liquid by a gas-liquid separator.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen production design method of the present invention, hydrogen and oxygen are collected after being separated from liquid by a gas-liquid separator, and the liquid is reheated and re-enters the electric field energy device for recycling.

[0010] The chemical preparation method of the present invention has the following advantages: the system of this composite field can greatly reduce the power consumption and mass transfer resistance in the traditional electrolytic hydrogen production process, effectively promote the water electrolysis catalytic reaction, and at the same time reduce the reaction temperature, improve reactor performance and electrolysis efficiency, reduce reaction energy consumption, and improve the purity of the reaction gas.

[0011] In actual use, there are still issues with the cumbersome implementation process of multiple energy-giving steps and temperature control.

[0012] Therefore, another objective of the present invention is to provide a high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production electrolyzer device with a composite field.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a hydrogen production electrolyzer apparatus, comprising a method for preparing the aforementioned chemicals, and... An empowerment mechanism includes an electric field empowerment component, a control component connected to one end of the electric field empowerment component, and a microwave empowerment component connected to one side of the control component; The hydrogen production mechanism includes a reaction incubator located at the top of the microwave-energized component, a magnetic catalytic electrode located inside the reaction incubator, a gas-liquid separator connected to the top of the reaction incubator, and a magnetic energy device located in the middle of the magnetic catalytic electrode.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen electrolyzer device of the present invention, the electric field energizing component includes an energizing and heat-insulating shell, a heat-insulating liquid inlet on one side of the energizing and heat-insulating shell, a heat-insulating liquid outlet on the other side of the energizing and heat-insulating shell, an insulating porous ceramic layer disposed inside the electric field energizing component, a conductive chip disposed inside the insulating porous ceramic layer, a lead wire connected to the top of the conductive chip, an energizing water outlet pipe disposed at the top of the energizing and heat-insulating shell, and an energizing water inlet pipe disposed at the bottom of the energizing and heat-insulating shell.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen electrolyzer device of the present invention, the control component includes a waterwheel disposed at the bottom of the reaction insulation tank, a multi-stage transmission gear set connected to one end of the waterwheel, a gear pump rotatably connected to one end of the multi-stage transmission gear set, a sensing device disposed on one side of the multi-stage transmission gear set, and a temperature display element connected to one end of the sensing device, wherein the multi-stage transmission gear set and the sensing device cooperate with each other.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen electrolyzer device of the present invention, the sensing device includes a mating gear meshing with the multi-stage transmission gear set, a transmission gear meshing with the mating gear, a sliding rod passing through and connecting the transmission gear, a fixed plate disposed on one side of the transmission gear, a telescopic hollow rod connected to the other end of the transmission gear, and a connecting rod connected to one end of the fixed plate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen electrolyzer apparatus of the present invention, the temperature-sensing element includes a steam pipe disposed on one side of the gear pump, a pressure cylinder connected to the top of the steam pipe, a piston rod disposed inside the pressure cylinder, a second piston rod connected to one end of the piston rod, and a spring valve connected to one end of the second piston rod, wherein the connecting rod is connected to the piston rod, and the spring valve cooperates with the gear pump.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen electrolyzer device of the present invention, the microwave-energized component includes a terminal block, a microwave emitting array connected to the top of the terminal block, a microwave emitting vacuum cavity formed on one side of the microwave emitting array, an electrolyte flow channel formed on one side of the microwave emitting vacuum cavity, a microwave shielding layer connected to the other end of the microwave emitting array, a heat insulation layer formed between the microwave emitting vacuum cavity and the electrolyte flow channel, a wave-transparent layer formed on the outer surface of the heat insulation layer, an anti-corrosion layer formed on the inner surface of the heat insulation layer, and a reflective layer formed between the microwave shielding layer and the microwave emitting array.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the hydrogen production electrolyzer device of the present invention, the magnetic energy device includes an end plate disposed inside the reaction insulation box, an electrolyzer terminal block disposed on the surface of the end plate, an electrolyte inlet opened on one side of the end plate, a drain outlet opened on the other side of the end plate, a magnetic field emitting block disposed in the middle of the end plate, a magnetic field collecting and emitting cavity opened at one end of the magnetic field emitting block, a magnetic field emitting slit opened on one side of the magnetic field collecting and emitting cavity, a magnetic field shielding layer disposed on one side of the magnetic field emitting block, and a diaphragm disposed at the top of the magnetic field emitting block.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by linking various systems, the impact of power input fluctuations on the adaptability of the electrolyzer is effectively reduced, such as in new energy systems like photovoltaic, wind power, and tidal power. At the same time, it reduces the frequent linkage actions of auxiliary machines, greatly increasing the lifespan of the mechanism. In particular, the electrolyte energizing and electromagnetic enhancement technologies enable the electrolyte to operate at lower temperatures, effectively reducing the degradation of electrolyzer material performance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte-energizing component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal distribution of the electrolyte-energizing component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the control component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the microwave-enabled component of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the microwave-enabled component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reaction mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the magnetic energy device of the reaction mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the magnetic field distribution of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0033] Example 1 Reference Figures 1-9 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a design method for a high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production electrolyzer with a composite field, the method comprising the following steps. Initial empowerment: In an electric field-energized device, the electrolyte (alkaline solution or pure water) is given electrostatic energy by an electrostatic field. Water and its water molecule groups change their state of existence due to polarization and ionization, breaking the aggregation of water molecule groups and deforming them under the action of the electric field. At the same time, water molecules and water molecule groups exist in a regular form under the action of the electric field and are in a higher energy state. Secondary empowerment: The water, after being energized, enters a microwave energizing device, where it undergoes high-efficiency heating and secondary energization via microwaves.

[0034] Microwaves penetrate deep into the cavity through a waveguide tube. The inner tube is lined with a microwave-transparent material. The microwaves heat the electrolyte to buffer the rapid temperature changes in the electrolytic cell caused by power fluctuations, which could lead to a decline in material performance.

[0035] Furthermore, the electrolyte, after being energized and microwave-heated, enters the electrocatalytic reaction system through the flow channel of the electrolytic cell to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The gas-liquid mixture flows out from the upper flow channel and passes through the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation.

[0036] The flowing, energy-polarized electrolyte is subjected to magnetic and electric forces in the magnetic field, resulting in a mixed flow state at the electrode interface, which reduces the occurrence of concentration polarization. In addition, it accelerates the detachment of electrode bubbles, reducing electrode polarization resistance and electrode material consumption. The changing magnetic field results in a higher temperature at the reaction site of the magnetic catalytic electrode, which reduces the reaction voltage and the overall reaction temperature of the cell, and increases the current density.

[0037] Furthermore, the hydrogen and oxygen, after being separated from the liquid by the gas-liquid separator, are collected, while the liquid is reheated and reintroduced into the electric field energy device for recycling.

[0038] By employing acoustic wave insertion oscillation, gas and liquid are forced to separate rapidly, which greatly reduces the amount of hydrogen and oxygen remaining in the electrolyte in the separation system and effectively reduces the safety hazards caused by hydrogen-oxygen mixing.

[0039] The gas-liquid mixture is efficiently separated in the separation system, wherein the acoustic frequency is 20KHz and the power density is 0.25w / cm2.

[0040] Comparative Example 1: The same electrolytic cell structure and electrolyte as in Example 1 were used, and the electrolyte temperature was maintained at 60°C. Electrolysis was carried out without any other field assistance.

[0041] Comparative Example 2; The same electrolytic cell and electrolyte as in Example 2 were used, and the electrolyte temperature was maintained at 80°C. Electrolysis was carried out without any other field assistance.

[0042] Comparative Example 3; The same electrolytic cell and electrolyte as in Example 2 were used, and the electrolyte temperature was maintained at 60°C. The electrolysis reaction was carried out with the assistance of only the energizing electric field.

[0043] Comparative Example 4; Using the same electrolytic cell and electrolyte as in Example 2, the electrolyte temperature is maintained at 60°C, and the electrolysis reaction is assisted only by the electromagnetic field of the electrolytic cell.

[0044] Comparative Example 5: The same electrolytic cell and electrolyte as in Example 2 were used to ensure an electrolyte temperature of 60°C, with no acoustic separation.

[0045] Comparative Example 6: The same electrolytic cell and electrolyte as in Example 3 were used, and the electrolyte temperature was maintained at 60°C. Electrolysis was carried out without any other auxiliary fields.

[0046] Comparative Example 7; The same electrolytic cell and electrolyte as in Example 3 were used, and the electrolyte temperature was kept at 60°C. The electrolysis reaction was carried out with the assistance of only the energizing electric field.

[0047] Comparative Example 8; Using the same electrolytic cell and electrolyte as in Example 3, the electrolyte temperature is maintained at 60°C, and the electrolysis reaction is assisted only by the electromagnetic field of the electrolytic cell.

[0048] The comparison information above is shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1. Comparison of Examples and Comparative Examples Cold start time: The time it takes for the electrolytic cell to start up with the specified power and reach the set capacity from 0. In this invention, it is the time taken for the capacity to go from 0 to 10 Nm3 / h.

[0050] The percentage effect of 5% power fluctuation on hydrogen production: Under the standard stage hydrogen production, the effect of a 5% / min change in power on hydrogen production is calculated using the formula: Yield effect = 100% * | [VH2(Standard hydrogen production in the first stage) - VH2(Standard hydrogen production in the second stage)] | / VH2(Standard hydrogen production in the first stage). This invention measures the effect at a current density of 2000A / m2 or 15000A / m2 with a change of 5% / min.

[0051] Gas production pressure: 1.6MPa, 10Nm3 / h device test.

[0052] The test data reveals the following: 1. The composite field significantly reduces hydrogen production energy consumption. 2. Acoustic oscillation separation effectively improves product purity. 3. The composite field promotes rapid cold start-up to standard production capacity. 4. The composite field and the device's settings are highly adaptable to power fluctuations, meeting the power fluctuation requirements of unstable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power. 5. The composite field and the structure and device of this invention effectively reduce the cell voltage under current density conditions, resulting in significant energy savings.

[0053] In summary, this invention provides a device and its method of use that can improve hydrogen production capacity under multi-dimensional composite field conditions involving multiple energy fields such as electrostatic field, electromagnetic field, and microwave field. The system with this composite field can energize the reacting elements, activate water molecules to increase the water molecule moment, reduce water molecule cluster aggregation, enhance the reaction rate of water molecules in the electrolysis chamber, and improve energy efficiency. This can significantly reduce the electrical energy consumption and mass transfer resistance in the traditional electrolysis hydrogen production process, effectively promote the water electrolysis catalytic reaction, and at the same time reduce the reaction temperature, improve reactor performance and electrolysis efficiency, reduce reaction energy consumption, and improve the purity of the gas produced by the reaction.

[0054] Example 2 Reference Figure 1-3 This is a second embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a hydrogen production electrolyzer apparatus, including a method for preparing chemicals, and... The energy-generating mechanism 100 includes an electric field energy-generating component 101, a control component 102 connected to one end of the electric field energy-generating component 101, and a microwave energy-generating component 103 connected to one side of the control component 102. Through the electric field energy-generating component 101, the initial electrolyte first gains electrostatic energy by passing through an electrostatic field. Water and its water molecule groups change their state due to polarization and ionization, breaking up the aggregation of water molecule groups and causing them to deform under the action of the electric field. Simultaneously, water molecules and water molecule groups exist in a regular arrangement under the action of the electric field, and are processed into a higher energy state, enabling rapid reaction in subsequent electrolysis reactions and accelerating the reaction rate. Then, the electrolyte passes through the microwave energy-generating component 103, where it undergoes efficient microwave treatment. The process involves microwave heating and secondary energization. Microwaves heat the electrolyte to buffer against rapid temperature changes in the electrolytic cell caused by power fluctuations, which could lead to a decline in material performance. This further controls the electrolyte temperature between 30-60℃. The control component 102 measures the temperature of the insulation liquid inside the device. When the insulation liquid fails to reach the expected value, thus affecting the electrolytic reaction of the electrolyte after secondary energization in the reaction mechanism 200, the control component 102 changes its rotation speed. This causes the electrolyte to decelerate as it passes through the microwave energizing component 103, with greater deceleration at lower temperatures. This reduces the load on the reaction mechanism 200 and allows for greater energization when passing through the microwave energizing component 103, ensuring the normal reaction of the electrolyte after entering the reaction mechanism 200.

[0055] Specifically, the electric field energizing component 101 includes an energizing heat-insulating shell 101a, a heat-insulating liquid inlet 101b opened on one side of the energizing heat-insulating shell 101a, a heat-insulating liquid outlet 101c opened on the other side of the energizing heat-insulating shell 101a, an insulating porous ceramic layer 101d disposed inside the electric field energizing component 101, a conductive chip 101e disposed inside the insulating porous ceramic layer 101d, a lead wire 101f connected to the top of the conductive chip 101e, an energizing water outlet pipe 101g disposed at the top of the energizing heat-insulating shell 101a, and a... An energizing water inlet pipe 101h is placed at the bottom of the energizing insulation shell 101a. The electrolyte to be energized flows from the port of the energizing water inlet pipe 101ha through the interior of the energizing insulation shell 101a, and flows out from the port of the energizing water outlet pipe 101g under the heat transfer effect of the conductive chip 101e inside the insulating porous ceramic layer 101d. During this period, the high-temperature insulation liquid enters the interlayer between the outer shell and the inner shell of the energizing insulation shell 101a through the insulation liquid inlet 101b, and then flows out from the insulation liquid outlet 101c, thereby ensuring that the internal temperature of the energizing insulation shell 101a remains constant.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the distribution of the insulating porous ceramic layer 101d inside the heat-insulating shell 101a. Adjacent electrodes are arranged in concentric circles, with adjacent AD or AB concentric circles spaced 100-500mm apart by a radius. AC is perpendicular to BD, and the arrangement angles (e.g., ∠1 or ∠2) vary from 30-60°. The insulating porous ceramic layer 101d is arranged with alternating positive and negative electric fields, and its insertion depth is 80-95% below the entire liquid surface. Water enters the energy-injecting device from the bottom and flows out from the top. The flow velocity is controlled at 0.01-0.5 m / s, the temperature at 15-50℃, the hydraulic residence time at 30-120 seconds, and the electric field strength at 10-200 V / m. If the conductivity is less than 1 mS / cm, the voltage range is 1.0-10 kV / m. The insulation jacket of the energy-generating device controls the water temperature at 20-60℃. The electrode material coating is an insulating porous ceramic magnetic material with a thickness of 0.5-2.0 mm, and the inner part of the coating is a conductive metal conductor.

[0057] Example 3 Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a control component for the device.

[0058] The control assembly 102 includes a waterwheel 102a disposed at the bottom of the reaction chamber 201, a multi-stage transmission gear set 102b connected to one end of the waterwheel 102a, a gear pump 102c rotatably connected to one end of the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b, a sensing device 102d disposed on one side of the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b, and a temperature display element 102e connected to one end of the sensing device 102d, wherein the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b and the sensing device 102d cooperate with each other; by controlling the temperature from the reaction chamber 201... The insulation liquid flowing out of the insulation box 201 drives the waterwheel 102a to rotate. The rotation of the waterwheel 102a drives the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b. The rotation of the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b drives the sensor 102d meshing with it to rotate. The rotation of the sensor 102d drives the gear pump 102c to rotate. The temperature display element 102e can control the position of the sensor 102d, so that the sensor 102d and the gears of different sizes in the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b rotate to achieve different speeds.

[0059] Furthermore, the sensing control device 102d includes a mating gear 102d-1 meshing with the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b, a transmission gear 102d-2 meshing with the mating gear 102d-1, a sliding rod 102d-3 passing through and connecting the transmission gear 102d-2, a fixing plate 102d-4 disposed on one side of the transmission gear 102d-2, a telescopic hollow rod 102d-5 connected to the other end of the transmission gear 102d-2, and a connecting rod 102d-6 connected to one end of the fixing plate 102d-4; the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b drives the transmission gear 102d-2 to rotate through the mating gear 102d-1, and the transmission gear... Rotation of 102d-2 drives the telescopic hollow rod 102d-5 to rotate, and rotation of the telescopic hollow rod 102d-5 drives the gear pump 102c to rotate. The fixed plate 102d-4 fixes the relative positions of the mating gear 102d-1 and the transmission gear 102d-2, and the position of the transmission gear 102d-2 is further fixed by the sliding rod 102d-3, so that the transmission gear 102d-2 can only move along the sliding groove opened on the surface of the sliding rod 102d-3. No matter how the transmission gear 102d-2 rotates and moves, the mating gear 102d-1 can remain engaged with it through the fixed plate 102d-4.

[0060] Specifically, the temperature-sensing component 102e includes a steam pipe 102e-1 disposed on one side of the gear pump 102c, a pressure cylinder 102e-2 connected to the top end of the steam pipe 102e-1, a piston rod 102e-3 disposed inside the pressure cylinder 102e-2, a second piston rod 102e-4 connected to one end of the piston rod 102e-3, and a spring valve 102e-5 connected to one end of the second piston rod 102e-4. A connecting rod 102d-6 is connected to the piston rod 102e-3, and the spring valve 102e-5 is connected to the gear pump 102c. c. They work together; the end of the steam pipe 102e-1 is connected to the inside of the reaction heat preservation box 201, and the hot steam inside is transferred to the pressure cylinder 102e-2. The other end of the pressure cylinder 102e-2 is sealed by the piston rod 102e-3. The hot steam pushes the piston rod 102e-3 to move to the top of the pressure cylinder 102e-2. On the one hand, the piston rod 102e-3 controls the length of the telescopic rotating rod 102d-5 through the connecting rod 102e-6, and on the other hand, it controls the position of the spring valve 102e-5d through the second connecting rod 102e-4.

[0061] Specifically, when the internal temperature of the reaction insulation chamber 201 decreases and the steam decreases, the piston rod 102e-3 is pulled into the pressure cylinder 102e-2 by the spring installed inside it. The movement of the piston rod 102e-3 causes the fixed plate 102d-4 to move. The movement of the fixed plate 102d-4 causes the mating gear 102d-1 and the transmission gear 102d-2 to make limited movements along the sliding rod 102d-3. At the same time, relying on the specific sliding groove on the surface of the sliding rod 102d-3, the mating gear 102e-1... As gears d-1 and 102d-2 slide along the slide bar 102d-3, their angles also rotate along the slide bar 102d-3. This ensures that for every distance they move along the slide bar 102d-3, gear 102d-1 meshes with a corresponding gear on the same plane on the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b. This allows gear 102d-1 to be driven to rotate by the multi-stage transmission gear set 102b regardless of its movement along the slide bar 102d-3. The rotation of gear 102d-1, in turn, drives the transmission gear. Rotation of 102d-3 drives the telescopic hollow rod 102d-5 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear pump 102c to rotate. Meanwhile, the multi-stage transmission wheel assembly 102b, driven by the waterwheel 102a, maintains a constant rotational speed. As the piston rod 102e-3 retracts further, the smaller the meshing gear between the cooperating gear 102d-1 and the multi-stage transmission wheel assembly 102b, resulting in a lower rotational speed transmitted from the multi-stage transmission wheel assembly 102b. This reduces the rotational speed of the gear pump 102c. The smaller the value, the lower the rate at which the electrolyte enters the microwave-energizing component 103. At the same time, the piston rod 102e-3 contracts, causing the spring valve 102e-5 to close, resulting in a reduction in the amount of electrolyte flowing out of the gear pump 102c. Specifically, this means that less electrolyte enters the microwave-energizing component 103 within a fixed time, and the time the electrolyte stays in the microwave-energizing component 103 increases. Consequently, the temperature of the electrolyte flowing from the microwave-energizing component 103 into the reaction mechanism 200 is higher, in order to compensate for the loss due to the decrease in the temperature of the insulation liquid in the jacket of the reaction mechanism 200.

[0062] Example 4 Reference Figure 1 , 5 Figure 6 This is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a secondary power-enabling function for the device.

[0063] Specifically, the microwave-enhancing component 103 includes a terminal block 103a, a microwave emitting array 103b connected to the top of the terminal block 103a, a microwave emitting vacuum cavity 103c formed on one side of the microwave emitting array 103b, an electrolyte flow channel 103d disposed on one side of the microwave emitting vacuum cavity 103c, a microwave shielding layer 103e connected to the other end of the microwave emitting array 103b, a heat insulation layer 103f disposed between the microwave emitting vacuum cavity 103c and the electrolyte flow channel 103d, a wave-transparent layer 103g disposed on the outer surface of the heat insulation layer 103f, an anti-corrosion layer 103h disposed on the inner surface of the heat insulation layer 103f, and a reflective layer 103i disposed between the microwave shielding layer 103e and the microwave emitting array 103b; the microwave-enhancing component 103 is a vacuum double tube, the outer diameter of the vacuum double tube is 100-150mm, and the inner surface of the tube is a mirror-smooth emitting layer 103i, used for reflection and collection. The microwave concentrator has an external microwave shielding layer 103e to isolate microwave leakage; the inner diameter is 50-100mm, and the inner and outer cavities form a microwave emission vacuum cavity 103c. The microwave emission array 103b is powered by a terminal 103a, and the microwaves penetrate into the microwave emission vacuum cavity 103c from the microwave emission array 103b. The inner tube is covered with a microwave high-transmittance material, i.e., a wave-transmitting layer 103g. The heat insulation layer 103f inside the wave-transmitting layer 103g heats the electrolyte with microwaves to buffer the rapid temperature change of the electrolytic cell caused by power fluctuations, which would lead to a decrease in material performance. This further controls the electrolyte temperature at 30-60℃. At the same time, the microwave-enhancing component 103 adopts a centrally symmetrical distribution (the central rotation distribution angle is 15-90°). The theoretical center point of microwave concentrating is the center of the concentric circles of the two tubes. The electrolyte flows through the electrolyte flow channel 103d at the very center. The anti-corrosion layer 103h of the inner tube is used to prevent the electrolyte from corroding its outer material.

[0064] In summary, the use of microwave heating to rapidly heat and energize the incoming electrolyte effectively reduces the start-up time of the electrolyzer, avoiding the long start-up heating period of over 30 minutes typical of traditional electrolyzers, thus enabling rapid start-up. Example 5 Reference Figure 1 , 7 8 and Figure 9 This is the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides the function of producing hydrogen by electrolysis.

[0065] The hydrogen production mechanism 200 includes a reaction insulation box 201 disposed at the top of the microwave-energized component 103, a magnetic catalytic electrode 202 disposed inside the reaction insulation box 201, a gas-liquid separator 203 connected to the top of the reaction insulation box 201, a magnetic energy device 204 disposed in the middle of the magnetic catalytic electrode 202, and a heater 205 disposed outside the reaction insulation box 201. Similar to Embodiment 2, the reaction insulation box 201 is used to maintain a stable temperature inside the box to prevent temperature changes from affecting the reaction efficiency. The insulation liquid heated by the heater 205 flows in from port E and out from port F, thus powering the control component 102. The magnetic catalytic electrode 202 releases a magnetic field, which is then amplified by the magnetic energy device 204. The electrolyte, after being energized and microwave-heated, enters the magnetic energy device 204 through ports A and B to perform an electrolytic hydrogen-oxygen production reaction. The magnetic catalytic electrode 202, with its magnetic metal or magnetic oxide catalytic coating, generates localized heat under electromagnetic influence, resulting in a higher temperature at the contact reaction sites. This leads to a faster electrode electrolysis reaction, while the overall system temperature remains low, reducing the system's heat supply and creating a low-temperature electrolysis system. Meanwhile, the gas-liquid mixture flows out from the upper channels C and D, undergoing gas-liquid separation via the gas-liquid separator 203. like Figure 8 The enhanced magnetic field is distributed perpendicular to the water flow, and the electric field is perpendicular to the magnetic field. In other words, the water flow, electric field, and magnetic field are distributed perpendicularly to each other. However, the magnetic field distribution in the electrolytic cell is reversed due to the different electric fields.

[0066] The flowing, energy-polarized electrolyte is subjected to magnetic and electric forces in the magnetic field, resulting in a mixed flow state at the electrode interface, which reduces concentration polarization. In addition, it accelerates the removal of electrode bubbles, reducing electrode polarization resistance and electrode material consumption. The changing magnetic field results in a higher temperature at the reaction site of the magnetic catalytic electrode, which lowers the reaction voltage and the overall reaction temperature of the tank. This means that the electrolyte in the tank does not need to reach the traditional electrolyte temperature of 80-90°C, which greatly extends the service life of the water electrolyzer and reduces energy consumption.

[0067] Specifically, the magnetic energy device 204 includes an end plate 204a disposed inside the reaction heat preservation box 201, an electrolytic cell terminal 204b disposed on the surface of the end plate 204a, an electrolyte inlet 204c opened on one side of the end plate 204a, a drain outlet 204d opened on the other side of the end plate 204a, a magnetic field emitting block 204e disposed in the middle of the end plate 204a, a magnetic field collecting and emitting cavity 204f opened at one end of the magnetic field emitting block 204e, a magnetic field emitting slit 204g opened on one side of the magnetic field collecting and emitting cavity 204f, a magnetic field shielding layer 204h disposed on one side of the magnetic field emitting block 204e, and a diaphragm 204i disposed at the top of the magnetic field emitting block 204e.

[0068] The electrolyte, after being energized and microwave-heated, flows through the electrolytic cell into the electrocatalytic reaction system to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The control parameters are as follows: magnetic field strength of 5.0T, magnetic field variation of 5000GS / s. The magnetic field strength and intensity of each electrolytic cell within the 204 magnetic energy device can be individually controlled. The N and S poles are arranged opposite each other, with magnetic field angles ∠5=30° and ∠6=120°. The power supply provides an electrode current density of 15000A / m², with a power variation set to fluctuate at 5% / min. The electrolyte flow rate is adaptively adjusted based on a temperature sensor. The heat exchange structure inside the electrolytic cell is used to control the temperature. At 60℃, it is used to maintain efficient low-temperature electrolysis for hydrogen production. The end plate 204a charges the magnetic field emitting block 204e through the electrolyzer terminal 204b to generate a magnetic field. The width of the gap between the magnetic field and the emitting cavity 204f, i.e., the magnetic field emitting slit 204g, is determined according to the actual thickness of the small cell of the electrolyzer, and is generally 80% of the cell width. Each magnetic field emitting block 204e has a magnetic field shielding layer 204h around it to prevent magnetic field leakage, ensuring that all magnetic fields are emitted from within the specified magnetic field shielding layer 204h. The diaphragm 204i set between each magnetic field emitting block 204e is used to prevent the magnetic fields generated between each magnetic field emitting block 204e from causing disorder.

[0069] Electrodes with magnetic metal or magnetic oxide catalytic coatings containing Ni, Fe, Co, or their oxides generate localized heat under electromagnetic influence, resulting in higher temperatures at the contact reaction sites. Consequently, the electrode electrolysis reaction proceeds more rapidly, while the overall system temperature remains low, reducing the system's heat supply and forming a low-temperature electrolysis system.

[0070] During the electrolysis reaction in the electrolysis chamber, the polarized electrolyte is subjected to greater magnetic and electric forces under the influence of electric and magnetic fields. This overcomes the adhesion of negatively charged bubbles to the electrodes, accelerating the desorption of bubbles from the electrode surface. This effectively reduces electrode polarization, lowers the overpotential during hydrogen electrolysis, thereby reducing resistivity, lowering the voltage during the reaction, and increasing the reaction current density, achieving energy-saving effects.

[0071] In summary, after being empowered and strongly polarized, water molecules participate in the catalytic reaction on the electrode surface to form free atoms (such as transition state H atoms and transition state O atoms generated during water electrolysis). These free atoms are subjected to magnetic force in the electromagnetic field, which accelerates the dissociation of water molecules and their detachment from the electrode surface due to the (magnetic) force. This accelerates the formation of H2 and O2. The addition of electric, magnetic, and microwave fields enhances the electrolytic catalytic effect, effectively reduces the temperature of the electrolyzer, and accelerates the gas formation and detachment process in the electrode reaction kinetics. This avoids the activation of the electrolyte at high temperatures in traditional electrolyzers.

[0072] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0073] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0074] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0075] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production using a composite field, the method employing a high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production electrolyzer device using a composite field, characterized in that: Its method Includes the following steps, Initial empowerment: In the electrolyte electric field energizing device, the electrolyte is given electrostatic energy by the electrostatic field. Water and its water molecule groups change their state of existence due to polarization and ionization, breaking the aggregation of water molecule groups and deforming them under the action of the electric field. At the same time, water molecules and water molecule groups exist in a regular form under the action of the electric field and are in a higher energy state. Secondary empowerment: The water, after being energized, enters a microwave energizing device, where it undergoes high-efficiency heating and secondary energization via microwaves. The composite field high-performance low-temperature hydrogen production electrolyzer device includes: The power-enabling mechanism (100) includes an electric field power-enabling component (101), a control component (102) connected to one end of the electric field power-enabling component (101), and a microwave power-enabling component (103) connected to one side of the control component (102). The hydrogen production unit (200) includes a reaction heat preservation box (201) disposed at the top of the microwave-energized component (103), a magnetic catalytic electrode (202) disposed inside the reaction heat preservation box (201), a gas-liquid separator (203) connected to the top of the reaction heat preservation box (201), a magnetic energy device (204) disposed in the middle of the magnetic catalytic electrode (202), and a heater (205) disposed outside the reaction heat preservation box (201). The electric field energizing component (101) includes an energizing heat-insulating shell (101a), a heat-insulating liquid inlet (101b) opened on one side of the energizing heat-insulating shell (101a), a heat-insulating liquid outlet (101c) opened on the other side of the energizing heat-insulating shell (101a), an insulating porous ceramic layer (101d) disposed inside the electric field energizing component (101), a conductive chip (101e) disposed inside the insulating porous ceramic layer (101d), a lead wire (101f) connected to the top of the conductive chip (101e), an energizing water outlet pipe (101g) disposed at the top of the energizing heat-insulating shell (101a), and an energizing water inlet pipe (101h) disposed at the bottom of the energizing heat-insulating shell (101a). The control assembly (102) includes a waterwheel (102a) disposed at the bottom of the reaction insulated chamber (201), a multi-stage transmission gear set (102b) connected to one end of the waterwheel (102a), a gear pump (102c) rotatably connected to one end of the multi-stage transmission gear set (102b), a sensing device (102d) disposed on one side of the multi-stage transmission gear set (102b), and a temperature display element (102e) connected to one end of the sensing device (102d), wherein the multi-stage transmission gear set (102b) and the sensing device (102d) cooperate with each other; The sensing control unit (102d) includes a mating gear (102d-1) meshing with the multi-stage transmission gear set (102b), a transmission gear (102d-2) meshing with the mating gear (102d-1), a sliding rod (102d-3) passing through and connecting the transmission gear (102d-2), a fixing plate (102d-4) disposed on one side of the transmission gear (102d-2), a telescopic hollow rod (102d-5) connected to the other end of the transmission gear (102d-2), and a connecting rod (102d-6) connected to one end of the fixing plate (102d-4). The temperature-sensing element (102e) includes a steam pipe (102e-1) disposed on one side of the gear pump (102c), a pressure cylinder (102e-2) connected to the top end of the steam pipe (102e-1), a piston rod (102e-3) disposed inside the pressure cylinder (102e-2), a second piston rod (102e-4) connected to one end of the piston rod (102e-3), and a spring valve (102e-5) connected to one end of the second piston rod (102e-4), wherein the connecting rod (102d-6) is connected to the piston rod (102e-3), and the spring valve (102e-5) cooperates with the gear pump (102c); The microwave-enabled component (103) includes a terminal block (103a), a microwave emitting array (103b) connected to the top of the terminal block (103a), a microwave emitting vacuum cavity (103c) opened on one side of the microwave emitting array (103b), an electrolyte flow channel (103d) disposed on one side of the microwave emitting vacuum cavity (103c), a microwave shielding layer (103e) connected to the other end of the microwave emitting array (103b), a heat insulation layer (103f) disposed between the microwave emitting vacuum cavity (103c) and the electrolyte flow channel (103d), a wave-transparent layer (103g) disposed on the outer surface of the heat insulation layer (103f), an anti-corrosion layer (103h) disposed on the inner surface of the heat insulation layer (103f), and a reflective layer (103i) disposed between the microwave shielding layer (103e) and the microwave emitting array (103b). The magnetic energy device (204) includes an end plate (204a) disposed inside the reaction heat preservation box (201), an electrolytic cell terminal (204b) disposed on the surface of the end plate (204a), an electrolyte inlet (204c) opened on one side of the end plate (204a), a drain outlet (204d) opened on the other side of the end plate (204a), a magnetic field emitting block (204e) disposed in the middle of the end plate (204a), a magnetic field collecting and emitting cavity (204f) opened at one end of the magnetic field emitting block (204e), a magnetic field emitting slit (204g) opened on one side of the magnetic field collecting and emitting cavity (204f), a magnetic field shielding layer (204h) disposed on one side of the magnetic field emitting block (204e), and a diaphragm (204i) disposed at the top of the magnetic field emitting block (204e).

2. The hydrogen production design method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte, after being energized and microwave-heated, enters the electrocatalytic reaction system through the flow channel of the electrolytic cell to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The gas-liquid mixture flows out from the upper flow channel and passes through the gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation.

3. The hydrogen production design method as described in claim 2, characterized in that: After the gas and liquid are separated by the gas-liquid separator, the hydrogen and oxygen are collected, and the liquid is reheated and reintroduced into the electric field energy device for recycling.

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