Resource and environment carrying capacity evaluation method coupled with GIS and n-dimensional euclidean space norm

Abstract

The application discloses a resource and environment carrying capacity evaluation method coupled with GIS and N-dimensional Euclidean space norm, relates to the technical field, and is characterized by comprehensive index calculation of each index item carrying capacity by using spatial distance to represent the comprehensive carrying capacity level. The spatial distance is calculated by the norm of N-dimensional Euclidean space. The application carries out comprehensive analysis and evaluation on the resource and environment carrying capacity of a research area by a mathematical statistics analysis method, highlights the dominant limiting factors, and thus reveals the resource and environment carrying capacity condition and spatial distribution law of the research area. Finally, the internal law between the social and economic development and the resource and environment carrying capacity of the research area is summarized, and the main causes of the resource and environment carrying capacity problem of the research area are found out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of resource and environmental carrying capacity assessment technology, and in particular to a resource and environmental carrying capacity assessment method that couples GIS and N-dimensional Euclidean spatial norm. Background Technology

[0002] The development and utilization of national land space is the foundation and carrier of economic and social development, as well as all production, construction, living, and ecological environmental protection. Therefore, the development and utilization of national land resources cannot be separated from an in-depth analysis and scientific evaluation of the current state of regional resource and environmental carrying capacity. As the carrier of all resources, land use not only alters the land itself but also impacts the water, biological, and geological conditions it supports, thereby affecting the sustainable development of regional socio-economic development. Analyzing the impact of resources and the environment on land use patterns, studying the reasonable scale and intensity of land development under the combined support of resource conditions, socio-economic conditions, and the ecological environment, rationally arranging production, living, and ecological land use, and improving the level of land conservation and intensive utilization are of significant theoretical and practical importance for regional economic development, optimal resource allocation, population policy, and the construction of harmonious land use relationships. Therefore, exploring strategies for adjusting and improving the overall land use plan and delineating the "three lines" (land use protection lines, ecological protection lines, and land use control lines) from the perspective of resource and environmental carrying capacity is crucial for resolving issues such as fragmented, overlapping, and conflicting related plans, and even for the reconstruction of the future spatial planning system and the integration of planning types.

[0003] After years of research on resource and environmental carrying capacity, scholars both domestically and internationally have developed diverse and increasingly sophisticated research methods. These methods have evolved from initial qualitative, singular, and static analyses to a comprehensive, dynamic evaluation model that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. Currently, the ecological footprint method is the primary approach used for assessing resource and environmental carrying capacity in China. However, research indicates that simply using the ecological footprint method cannot fully, comprehensively, and accurately evaluate and calculate the resource and environmental carrying capacity of a specific region. Furthermore, a dominant resource and environmental carrying capacity rating model has not yet been established in terms of evaluation model construction.

[0004] Resource and environmental carrying capacity includes resource carrying capacity and environmental carrying capacity. Its information sources are characterized by multiple scales and multiple sources. This invention combines the study of spatial multi-scale coupling mechanism to achieve seamless connection of multi-scale and multi-source resource and environmental carrying capacity information, and solves the problem of "structural contradiction and spatial contradiction" of multi-scale and multi-source information. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems raised by the existing technologies, this invention provides a resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation method coupled with GIS and N-dimensional Euclidean spatial norm. Based on a summary of domestic and international research methods on regional resource and environmental carrying capacity, and considering the resource endowment and environmental status of the study area, this method utilizes the principle of multi-scale coupling of land use space to integrate and fuse multi-scale, multi-source resource and environmental information to build a data warehouse. At this scale, each single factor is evaluated separately. Then, the evaluation results of single-factor resource and environmental carrying capacity are fully absorbed and integrated, evaluating available land resources, available water resources, environmental capacity, and ecological sensitivity. The relevant evaluation results are standardized, and a spatial model is constructed using N-dimensional Euclidean spatial norm to evaluate the comprehensive resource and environmental carrying capacity index. Secondly, the comprehensive regional resource and environmental carrying capacity index is combined with GIS technology and mathematical modeling. Through mathematical statistical analysis methods, a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the resource and environmental carrying capacity of the study area is conducted, highlighting the dominant limiting factors, thereby revealing the status and spatial distribution patterns of regional resource and environmental carrying capacity. Finally, the inherent laws between socio-economic development and resource and environmental carrying capacity in the study area are summarized, identifying the main causes of resource and environmental carrying capacity problems in the study area.

[0006] In view of the purpose of this invention, the specific scheme of the evaluation method is as follows:

[0007] The core idea of ​​this invention is to use spatial distance to integrate the bearing capacity of various indicators (hereinafter referred to as: sub-bearing capacity) to characterize the overall bearing capacity level. The spatial distance is calculated using the norm of n-dimensional Euclidean space.

[0008] First, define the norm.

[0009] ||·||:R n →R

[0010] Represents the length of a vector in n-dimensional Euclidean space;

[0011] d(·,·):R n ×R n →R

[0012] This represents the distance between two points in n-dimensional Euclidean space.

[0013] Therefore, the distance between two points x and y in n-dimensional Euclidean space can be expressed by the following formula:

[0014] d(x, y) = ||xy||(x, y ∈ R) n ).

[0015] The parameter n∈N represents the number of sub-carrying capacities, such as water resource carrying capacity, land resource carrying capacity, etc. The carrying capacity state point D under certain preset conditions. λ ∈Θ D (ΘD The feasible region representing all bearing capacity state points can be represented by the values ​​of each sub-bearing capacity. To depict:

[0016]

[0017] For each sub-bearing capacity, there exists an optimal value. and critical value Considering the convergence of the model, we take... As the minimum value of the sub-bearing capacity. If the sub-bearing capacity c i The maximum value represents the optimal state, and the reciprocal of this value represents the state of the index. Wherein, We can take the carrying capacity level that meets people's most basic living conditions (assuming the carrying pressure brought about by industrial development is 0). Similarly, this invention takes... The maximum value of the evaluation index.

[0018] Optimal state D of comprehensive bearing capacity opt ∈R n It can be represented as:

[0019]

[0020] For any D λ ∈Θ D All of them have:

[0021] The optimal state of comprehensive bearing capacity may not be achievable in reality, but it can characterize the target and direction of bearing capacity levels. Utilizing... and The weight of each sub-capacity can be defined:

[0022]

[0023] The "target-distance" weighting method is widely used in environmental impact assessments and ranking studies. The farther away from the optimal target, the more important the indicator. This weight can be used to define the optimal state radius d. accept :

[0024]

[0025] To determine whether the bearing capacity level of each sub-capacity has reached the bearing limit, the weights of each sub-capacity are standardized:

[0026]

[0027] Using this weight, we define the improved Euclidean norm:

[0028]

[0029] Using this norm form, the comprehensive bearing capacity level is characterized by the spatial distance between a bearing state point and the optimal bearing state point:

[0030]

[0031] d D The smaller the value, the higher the overall carrying capacity level. For each green carrying capacity state D... λ ∈Θ D It must meet the following conditions:

[0032] d D ≤d accept =d(D exact D opt )=||D exact -D opt ||.

[0033] The carrying capacity status is divided into three states: green carrying capacity status, early warning carrying capacity status, and crisis carrying capacity status, and the three states must meet the following conditions:

[0034]

[0035] As stated above,

[0036] (1) If D λ ∈Θ Ι As shown in the picture The sub-bearing capacities of this bearing state are all below the bearing limit, and the distance to the optimal point is less than the radius of the better state, indicating that this state belongs to a green and sustainable bearing state.

[0037] (2) If D λ ∈Θ ΙΙ As shown in the picture The sub-bearing capacities of this bearing state are all below the bearing limit, but the distance from the overall bearing capacity state point to the optimal point is greater than the radius of the better state, indicating that the sub-bearing capacities of this state are close to the bearing limit and are in a "warning" state.

[0038] (3) If D λ ∈Θ ΙΙΙ As shown in the picture The sub-bearing capacity of this load-bearing state has not yet reached the bearing limit requirement, and it is in a state of crisis development.

[0039] The comprehensive bearing capacity index can be expressed as the ratio of the bearing state point to the radius of the optimal state:

[0040]

[0041] For the overall load-bearing state, it can be used as follows: Characterize the contribution rate of each sub-capacity and identify the shortcomings of each sub-capacity in the process of regional development:

[0042]

[0043] The technical solution provided by this invention has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0044] (1) Integration and fusion of N-dimensional Euclidean spatial model and GIS technology

[0045] This invention constructs an N-dimensional Euclidean spatial model to understand the local resource and environmental carrying capacity index. It then improves the PSR model based on the resource and environmental carrying capacity index analysis results, evaluates the comprehensive carrying capacity of local resources and environment, and, based on this, integrates spatial data query, buffer analysis, DEM analysis, and overlay analysis functions in GIS spatial analysis to connect the comprehensive resource and environmental carrying capacity structure with spatial layout. This allows for the implementation of carrying capacity levels in specific areas, thereby understanding their spatial distribution and comprehensively grasping the resource and environmental carrying capacity of the study area from the overall to the local level. This achieves the integration of the N-dimensional Euclidean spatial model and GIS technology, effectively guiding the transformation of land use patterns and structures.

[0046] (2) Integration of resource and environmental carrying capacity research with land development and utilization

[0047] This invention evaluates the carrying capacity of regional resources and the environment, and based on this evaluation, guides land development and utilization. It provides baseline data on resources and the environment for the preparation of overall land use planning, and supports the delineation of the "three lines" (ecological protection red line, permanent basic farmland protection red line, and urban development boundary) and the adjustment of land use structure and layout. This reflects the requirements of ecological civilization construction and sustainable development. Using the results of resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation as the basis and foundation for guiding the adjustment of land use structure and spatial layout in overall land use planning represents a new technical requirement in the adjustment and improvement of overall land use planning at all levels. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bearing capacity state in the embodiment; Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Example

[0052] The embodiments of this application adopt a comprehensive resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation method that combines single-factor and multi-factor approaches, providing baseline data on resources and environment for the adjustment and improvement of overall land use planning, and providing a scientific basis for the delineation of the "three lines" and the adjustment of land use structure and layout from the perspective of resource and environmental carrying capacity.

[0053] I. Application Target: Comprehensive carrying capacity assessment of resources and environment in Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

[0054] II. Bearing Capacity Status Assessment: This is divided into three states: Green Bearing Capacity Status, Early Warning Bearing Capacity Status, and Crisis Bearing Capacity Status. Figure 1 Zones I, II, and III, as shown in the (Schematic Diagram of Comprehensive Bearing Capacity Status), meet the following conditions:

[0055]

[0056] As stated above,

[0057] (1) If D λ ∈Θ Ι As shown in the picture The sub-bearing capacities of this bearing state are all below the bearing limit, and the distance to the optimal point is less than the radius of the better state, indicating that this state belongs to a green and sustainable bearing state.

[0058] (2) If D λ ∈Θ ΙΙ As shown in the picture The sub-bearing capacities of this bearing state are all below the bearing limit, but the distance from the overall bearing capacity state point to the optimal point is greater than the radius of the better state, indicating that the sub-bearing capacities of this state are close to the bearing limit and are in a "warning" state.

[0059] (3) If D λ ∈Θ ΙΙΙ As shown in the picture The sub-bearing capacity of this load-bearing state has not yet reached the bearing limit requirement, and it is in a state of crisis development.

[0060] III. The comprehensive bearing capacity index is expressed as the ratio of the bearing state point to the radius of the optimal state:

[0061]

[0062] 4. Overall load-bearing status, using... Characterize the contribution rate of each sub-capacity and identify the shortcomings of each sub-capacity in the process of regional development:

[0063]

[0064] V. Calculation of Comprehensive Carrying Capacity Index of Resources and Environment and Analysis of Carrying Capacity Shortcomings

[0065] Based on the research on the classification subsystem of resource and environmental carrying capacity, and adhering to the requirements of easy-to-understand names, clear concepts, and a balanced system structure, four indicators were selected for calculating the comprehensive carrying capacity index of resources and environment. All four are measurable indicators: available land resources, available water resources, environmental capacity, and ecosystem sensitivity. The comprehensive carrying capacity index is calculated based on the maximum population that each indicator can support. Regarding water resources, Wenshan Prefecture's annual total water resources amount to 17.25 billion cubic meters. 3 Taking into account the technological level and economic investment capacity during the planning period, as well as the overall trend of water conservation and intensive development in the future, the plan adopts the current per capita water use of 4000m³. 3 Based on water resource utilization standards, the water resource carrying capacity of Wenshan Prefecture is calculated to be 4.3125 million people. Regarding land, based on a moderately prosperous standard (450 kg of grain per capita), the prefecture can support a total population of 5.396 million. In terms of ecological sensitivity, considering Wenshan's ecological prefecture construction, the planned green space can support approximately 7 million people by the end of the planning period. Regarding environmental capacity, analysis of atmospheric environmental capacity (SO2) and water environmental capacity (chemical oxygen demand) shows that the atmospheric environment can support approximately 5 times the current emissions, and the water environment can support approximately 2 times the current emissions, with a projected carrying capacity of 6.5 million people. Through comprehensive analysis, the planned target annual carrying capacity of Wenshan Prefecture is 3.8813 million people. To facilitate model calculations, the carrying capacity of each indicator has been standardized based on the projected total population of Wenshan Prefecture at the end of the planning period. Considering that land and water resources are rigid indicators, while environmental capacity and ecological sensitivity are flexible indicators, and in conjunction with the Telfair method, the optimal and critical values ​​of each indicator were determined by expert scoring. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below:

[0066] Table 1: Carrying Capacity Levels of Various Systems in Wenshan Prefecture by the Target Year (2020)

[0067]

[0068] Therefore, we can conclude that:

[0069]

[0070] Based on the N-dimensional Euclidean space norm model constructed above, the comprehensive carrying capacity index for the planning target year (2020) is calculated to be 0.9098, indicating a carrying capacity warning state. The contribution rates of land resources, water resources, transportation, and ecological environment systems are 0.1735, 0.4477, 0.1965, and 0.0824, respectively.

[0071] Table 2: Comprehensive Carrying Capacity Level of Wenshan Prefecture in the Target Year of Planning (2020)

[0072]

[0073] The contribution rate shows that the main reason why its carrying capacity is in an early warning state is that the current available water resources carrying capacity is limited. Water resources carrying capacity is a weakness of Wenshan Prefecture's resources and environment. Given the objective fact that Wenshan Prefecture has abundant water resources but low development and utilization rates, the regional resources and environment carrying capacity can be improved through technological progress and economic investment.

[0074] VI. Analysis of Dominant Limiting Factors of Bearing Capacity

[0075] This invention analyzes the relative carrying capacity of resources and the environment primarily from the perspective of limiting factors based on the concept of "anti-planning." These factors are: natural geographical limitations, ecological security limitations, limitations related to the protection of high-quality arable land, water resource security limitations, and environmental security limitations. Based on collected data on topography, soil and rock conditions, geological hazards, the quantity and quality of arable land, water resource status, biodiversity, water source protection areas, and nature reserves, and combined with ArcGIS spatial analysis functions, ecological functional zones requiring strict protection, nature reserves, high-quality arable land areas, and other areas unsuitable for land development were identified.

[0076] VII. Comprehensive Evaluation of Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity

[0077] Based on the regional resource and environmental carrying capacity index calculated using the aforementioned N-dimensional Euclidean space norm, a "Pressure-State-Response Model" (hereinafter referred to as the N-PSR model) based on the N-dimensional Euclidean space norm was constructed as a framework. A resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation index system for Wenshan Prefecture was developed from three levels: pressure, state, and response, identifying a total of 13 individual evaluation indicators. Each indicator was assigned a value and normalized, and categorized into five levels according to the degree of "carrying capacity": E represents low carrying capacity, D represents relatively low carrying capacity, C represents moderate carrying capacity, B represents relatively high carrying capacity, and A represents high carrying capacity.

[0078] VIII. Comprehensive Zoning Based on Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity

[0079] Under the premise of implementing the main functional zoning plan and ecological function positioning, and based on the comprehensive consideration of single-factor restrictive evaluations such as water resources, ecological security, environmental capacity, land resources, and geological environment, fuzzy clustering was used for repeated optimization. After comprehensive analysis, merging, and local adjustments, Wenshan Prefecture was divided into four major types: water conservation and soil and water conservation areas, natural ecological maintenance areas, high-quality arable land protection areas, and suitable development areas. These are further subdivided into 22 functional zones. The zoning results can effectively guide land use direction and layout in subsequent adjustments and improvements to the overall land use plan.

[0080] IX. Advantages and Functions of the Embodiments of the Invention

[0081] (1) It is conducive to understanding the regional resource and environmental support and guarantee capabilities.

[0082] By analyzing the land resources, water resources, energy resources, mineral resources, biological resources, tourism resources, as well as the supporting terrestrial ecological environment, aquatic ecological environment, and atmospheric environment of the study area, and obtaining the local resource and environmental carrying capacity index by combining the N-dimensional spatial norm model, an improved PSR model is constructed based on the single-factor carrying capacity analysis. Combined with the functional zoning of the study area, the local resource and environmental supporting capacity is comprehensively analyzed and implemented in specific land use space, providing a reference for adjusting and improving the delineation of the "three lines" in the overall land use plan.

[0083] (2) It can serve the preparation of special research reports on resource and environmental carrying capacity.

[0084] The evaluation method of this invention can be used to obtain the resource and environmental carrying capacity level of the study area, providing core data for thematic research on resource and environmental carrying capacity. Through data integration, the core chapters of the thematic research report on resource and environmental carrying capacity can be compiled.

[0085] (3) It can provide services for the adjustment and improvement of the overall land use plan.

[0086] Resource and environmental carrying capacity is the "foundation" for delineating the "three lines" of permanent basic farmland, urban development boundary, and ecological protection red line in the adjustment and improvement of the overall land use plan. The resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation method of this invention can create a strong prerequisite for the adjustment and improvement of the overall land use plan.

[0087] (4) Social benefits

[0088] The application of GIS technology and the establishment of N-dimensional Euclidean spatial models provide more convenient and accurate technical support for the assessment of resource and environmental carrying capacity. This facilitates the rapid and precise understanding of regional resource and environmental carrying capacity levels, providing an effective reference for the protection of natural resources and the ecological environment, as well as the rational expansion of urban construction and development. This technological approach is of great significance to the sustainable development of nature and society.

[0089] In addition, this invention has significantly promoted the application of modern advanced technologies, mainly based on "3S" technology, and innovative models such as the N-dimensional Euclidean space norm in the field of resource and environmental carrying capacity research; it has promoted technological progress in related fields and has outstanding substantive features and significant progress.

[0090] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A resource and environmental carrying capacity assessment method coupled with GIS and N-dimensional Euclidean spatial norm. Its features are: The evaluation method uses spatial distance to integrate the bearing capacity of each indicator to characterize the overall bearing capacity level. The spatial distance is calculated using the norm of n-dimensional Euclidean space. First, define the norm. ； Represents the length of a vector in n-dimensional Euclidean space; ； This represents the distance between two points in n-dimensional Euclidean space. The distance between two points x and y in n-dimensional Euclidean space is expressed by the following formula: ； parameter Represents the number of sub-bearing capacities, and the bearing capacity state point under certain preset conditions. The values ​​of the bearing capacity of each sub-sub ... To depict: ； For each sub-bearing capacity, there exists an optimal value. and critical value Based on considerations of model convergence, we take As the minimum value of the sub-bearing capacity, if the sub-bearing capacity The maximum value represents the optimal state, and the reciprocal of this index represents the state of the index; taking... The maximum value of the evaluation indicator; Optimal state of comprehensive bearing capacity It can be represented as: ； For any All of them have: The This represents the feasible region for all bearing capacity state points; use and You can define the weight of each sub-capacity: ； The "target-distance" weighting method is widely used in environmental impact assessment and ranking studies. The farther away from the optimal target, the more important the indicator is. This weight can be used to define the radius of a better state. : ； To determine whether the bearing capacity level of each sub-capacity has reached the bearing limit, the weights of each sub-capacity are standardized: ； Using this weight, we define the improved Euclidean norm: ； Using this norm form, the comprehensive bearing capacity level is characterized by the spatial distance between a bearing state point and the optimal bearing state point: ； The smaller the value, the higher the overall carrying capacity level for each green carrying capacity status. It must meet the following conditions: ； The carrying capacity status is divided into three states: green carrying capacity status, early warning carrying capacity status, and crisis carrying capacity status, and the following conditions must be met: ； in, (1) If The sub-bearing capacities of this bearing state are all below the bearing limit, and the distance to the optimal point is less than the radius of the better state, indicating that this state belongs to a green and sustainable bearing state. (2) If The sub-bearing capacities of this bearing state are all below the bearing limit, but the distance from the overall bearing capacity state point to the optimal point is greater than the radius of the better state, indicating that the sub-bearing capacities of this state are close to the bearing limit and are in a "warning" state. (3) If The sub-bearing capacity of this bearing state has not yet reached the bearing limit requirement, and it is in a state of crisis development.

2. The resource and environmental carrying capacity assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sub-carrying capacity includes water resource carrying capacity and land resource carrying capacity.

3. The resource and environmental carrying capacity assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Assuming the carrying capacity pressure brought about by industrial development is 0, It can be determined based on the carrying capacity level that meets people's most basic living conditions.

4. The resource and environmental carrying capacity assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimal state of the comprehensive bearing capacity may not be achievable in reality, but it can characterize the target and direction of the bearing capacity level.

5. The resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The index of comprehensive bearing capacity can be expressed as the ratio of the bearing state point to the radius of the optimal state: .

6. The resource and environmental carrying capacity assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: For the overall load-bearing state, it can be used as follows: Characterize the contribution rate of each sub-capacity and identify the shortcomings of each sub-capacity in the process of regional development: 。

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