Performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A communication device, such as a user equipment (UE), can determine a transmit diversity configuration that indicates a transmit diversity criterion for declaring a result of a channel access procedure for a plurality of component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The UE can perform the channel access procedure for the plurality of component carriers in the shared radio frequency spectrum band based at least in part on the transmit diversity criterion to determine a result of the channel access procedure. Accordingly, the UE can transmit or refrain from transmitting a message on at least one of the plurality of component carriers based at least in part on the result of the channel access procedure.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of Greek patent application No. 20210100044, filed on January 25, 2021, entitled “PERFORMING A CHANNEL ACCESS PROCEDURE ON MULTIPLE COMPONENT CARRIERS IN ASHARED RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM BAND”, which has been assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The following text relates to wireless communication, and more specifically, to the management of channel access procedures for wireless communication. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcasting. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, improved LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems can employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each base station or network access node simultaneously supporting communication with multiple communication devices (which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE)). Summary of the Invention

[0005] A method for multi-carrier wireless communication at a UE in a wireless communication system is described. The method may include: determining a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The method may include: performing the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The method may include: transmitting or avoiding transmission of messages on at least one CC in the set of multiple CCs based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0006] An apparatus for multi-carrier wireless communication at a UE in a wireless communication system is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to: determine a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The processor is configured to: perform the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The processor is configured to: transmit or avoid transmitting messages on at least one CC in the set of multiple CCs based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0007] Another apparatus for multi-carrier wireless communication at a UE in a wireless communication system is described. The apparatus may include: a unit for determining a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The apparatus may include: a unit for performing the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The apparatus may include: a unit for transmitting or avoiding transmitting messages on at least one CC in the set of multiple CCs based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system. The code may include processor-executable instructions to: determine a transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band; perform the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure; and transmit or avoid transmitting messages on at least one CC in the set of multiple CCs based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0009] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: receiving a control message indicating the transmit diversity configuration, wherein the control message includes a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, a Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC-CE) message, or a Downlink Control Information (DCI) message, or a combination thereof.

[0010] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for receiving from a second UE or node an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of the channel access procedure for the set of the plurality of CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band, based on a threshold satisfied by the observed interference level.

[0011] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving a transmit diversity configuration indicating a redundancy number; and transmitting or avoiding transmission of the message on at least one of the plurality of CCs based on the redundancy number.

[0012] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for transmitting or avoiding transmission of the message on at least one of the plurality of CCs based on a transmit diversity threshold number. The transmit diversity threshold number may be the product of a redundancy number specified for the transmission of the message and a target transmit diversity number of the CCs.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be greater than or equal to 1.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the product of the redundancy number and the target transmit diversity number may be less than or equal to the total number of the sets of the plurality of CCs.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the number of transmit diversity thresholds may be a multiple of the target transmit diversity number.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the number of redundancies may be pre-configured.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be based on the application type of the message.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be based on the total number of CCs in the wireless communication system.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be based on the packet delay budget (PDB) associated with the channel access procedure.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be based on the time period in which the channel access procedure can be performed and the PDB associated with the channel access procedure.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be based on a defined number of CCs specified for the message.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be determined based on interference information for one or more CCs in a set of the plurality of CCs.

[0023] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for receiving the interference information from a node wirelessly communicating with the first UE, or a second UE communicating via a sidelink with the first UE, or both. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for transmitting or avoiding transmitting the message on at least one of the plurality of CCs based on the interference information.

[0024] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for determining a CBR based on measurements of one or more reference signals transmitted via one or more of the set of said plurality of CCs. The interference information includes the CBR.

[0025] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: determining a set of multiple previous results of a set of multiple previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE; and estimating, based on the set of multiple previous results of the set of multiple previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE, that one or more CCs in the set of multiple CCs may be used for the transmission of the message. The redundancy number may be determined based on one or more CCs in the set of multiple CCs that are estimated to be usable for the transmission of the message.

[0026] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following operations: determining, based on the channel access procedure, that one or more CCs from a set of the plurality of CCs may be available for transmission of the message. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following operations: declaring the result as a channel access failure based on the number of the one or more CCs satisfying a number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion. The number of the one or more CCs may be available for transmission of the message. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following operations: avoiding transmission of the message based on the channel access failure.

[0027] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: determining, based on the channel access procedure, that one or more CCs in a set of the plurality of CCs may be available for transmission of the message; and declaring the result as successful channel access based on the number of the one or more CCs satisfying a number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of the one or more CCs may be available for transmission of the message.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for sending the message on one or more CCs based on declaring the result as successful channel access.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: using a probabilistic model to determine the probability of the outcome of the channel access procedure; and declaring the outcome of the channel access procedure based on the probability.

[0030] A method for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The method may include: measuring one or more sidelink reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the first UE. The method may also include: transmitting a message to a second UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple CCs in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0031] An apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to measure one or more sidelink reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the first UE. The processor is configured to transmit a message to a second UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple CCs in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0032] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE is described. The apparatus may include: a unit for measuring one or more sidelink reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the first UE. The apparatus may also include: a unit for transmitting a message to a second UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple CCs in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0033] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a first UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: measure one or more sidelink reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the first UE. The code may also include instructions executable by a processor to: transmit a message to a second UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the message may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: transmitting a message including an indication of the transmit diversity criterion, the transmit diversity criterion specifying a transmit diversity threshold number for declaring the result as a channel access failure based on the number of one or more CCs satisfying the transmit diversity threshold number specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of one or more CCs may be available for transmission.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the message may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: transmitting a message including an indication of the transmit diversity standard, the transmit diversity standard specifying a transmit diversity threshold number for declaring the result as successful channel access based on the number of one or more CCs satisfying the transmit diversity threshold number specified in the transmit diversity standard, wherein the number of one or more CCs may be available for transmission.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the message may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: transmitting the message including the indication to the transmit diversity criterion, the transmit diversity criterion specifying a number of transmit diversity thresholds that may be the product of redundancy number and target transmit diversity number of CC.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the redundancy number may be greater than or equal to one.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the number of transmit diversity thresholds may be a multiple of the target transmit diversity number.

[0039] A method for wireless communication at a node is described. The method may include: transmitting a transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The method may include: measuring one or more reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the node. The method may include: transmitting a message to a UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of the updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0040] An apparatus for wireless communication at a node is described. The apparatus may include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to: transmit a transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band; the processor being configured to: measure one or more reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the node; and the processor being configured to: transmit a message to a UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of the updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0041] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a node is described. The apparatus may include: a unit for transmitting a transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The apparatus may include: a unit for measuring one or more reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the node. The apparatus may include: a unit for transmitting a message to a UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of an updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0042] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a node. The code may include processor-executable instructions to: send a transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band; the code may include processor-executable instructions to: measure one or more reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the node; and the code may include processor-executable instructions to: transmit a message to a UE based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of an updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of the channel access procedure for the set of multiple CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 and 2 An example of a wireless communication system that supports the performance of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0044] Figure 3Examples of transmission schemes supporting the performance of channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band are shown, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0045] Figure 4 An example of a process flow for performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0046] Figure 5 and 6 A block diagram of an apparatus supporting the performance of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0047] Figure 7 A block diagram is shown of a communication manager that supports performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 8 A diagram of a system including an apparatus that supports performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0049] Figure 9 and 10 A block diagram of an apparatus supporting the performance of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0050] Figure 11 A block diagram is shown of a communication manager that supports performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0051] Figure 12 A diagram of a system including an apparatus that supports performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0052] Figures 13 to 17 A flowchart illustrating a method for performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Wireless communication systems can include various communication devices (such as UEs and base stations (e.g., nodes)) that can provide wireless communication services to UEs. For example, such a base station could be a next-generation node B (referred to as a gNB), which can support multiple radio access technologies, including 4G systems (such as 4G LTE) and 5G systems (which can be referred to as 5G NR), as well as other wireless communication systems (e.g., subsequent generations of wireless communication systems). In a wireless communication system, communication devices such as UEs can transmit information to other communication devices (e.g., other UEs, base stations) on one or more component carriers. As described herein, a component carrier can refer to a portion of a frequency (e.g., a block), and wireless communication on multiple component carriers can be referred to as multi-carrier wireless communication. In some cases, a component carrier can be part of an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band and is therefore shared with other communication devices (e.g., other UEs) in the wireless communication system or other wireless communication systems. That is, an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band is shared among communication devices (e.g., UEs) belonging to one or more communication systems. Therefore, as described herein, a shared radio frequency spectrum band can refer to an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band shared among communication devices. For example, unlicensed channels can be shared among 4G systems, 5G systems, Wi-Fi communication devices, and other examples. Therefore, unlicensed channels can be shared among various wireless communication systems. Due to the sharing of component carriers, the UE can perform a channel access procedure (e.g., a Listen-Before-Speak (LBT) procedure) to determine the availability of these component carriers. As described herein, a channel access procedure can refer to the process performed by a communication device to obtain access to one or more channels on which transmissions are performed.

[0054] For example, a UE can determine whether a component carrier is available (i.e., not used by other communication devices) or unavailable (e.g., used by other communication devices) based on channel sensing operations as described herein. If the UE determines that a component carrier is available, the channel access procedure can be successful, and the UE can begin transmitting information (e.g., messages) on these component carriers. Otherwise, the UE can repeat the channel access procedure. In some cases, the UE can determine that some (e.g., not all) of the component carriers are available. For high-reliability and low-latency applications in wireless communication systems, techniques for performing channel access procedures on multiple different component carriers can be improved. Examples of high-reliability and low-latency applications include vehicle-to-everything (V2X), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), or cellular V2X (CV2X), and other examples.

[0055] Various aspects of this disclosure relate to configuring a UE with a transmit diversity configuration that indicates one or more transmit diversity criteria for declaring the outcome of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio spectrum band (also known as a shared radio spectrum band) as a successful or unsuccessful channel access. That is, as described herein, a transmit diversity configuration can refer to a configuration for indicating one or more transmit diversity criteria used to declare the outcome of a channel access procedure. The UE can be configured with the aforementioned transmit diversity configuration via semi-static signaling (such as RRC signaling). Alternatively, the UE can be configured with the aforementioned transmit diversity configuration via dynamic signaling (such as MAC-CE signaling or DCI signaling). The UE can also be pre-configured with the aforementioned transmit diversity configuration, as described herein.

[0056] The following provides one or more transmit diversity criteria for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band as channel access successful or channel access failed. As described herein, the result can indicate whether the channel access procedure is successful or failed. The UE can perform a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers, and declare the result of the channel access procedure as successful when the UE determines that the number of available component carriers is equal to or greater than the target number of component carriers required to support the transmission. That is, the target number of component carriers required to support the transmission can be the minimum number of component carriers required to support the transmission.

[0057] The transmit diversity criterion can be: when the number of available component carriers is equal to or greater than the target number of component carriers required to support transmission, the UE declares the channel access procedure as successful. Alternatively, the UE can perform the channel access procedure for multiple component carriers, and when the UE determines that the number of available component carriers is less than the target (e.g., minimum) number of component carriers required to support transmission, the UE declares the channel access procedure as failed. The transmit diversity criterion can be: when the number of available component carriers is less than the target (e.g., minimum) number of component carriers required to support transmission, the UE declares the channel access procedure as failed. Alternatively, the UE can declare the channel access procedure as failed even when it determines that the number of available component carriers is greater than or equal to the target number of component carriers required to support transmission. The transmit diversity criterion can be: even when the UE determines that the number of available component carriers is greater than or equal to the target number of component carriers required to support transmission, the UE also declares the channel access procedure as failed. Therefore, given a determination of available component carriers, the channel access procedure result declared by the UE can be referred to as the transmit diversity criterion.

[0058] For example, a UE can declare the channel access procedure a failure unless there is at least a multiple of the target number of component carriers available for transmission. In other words, a UE can declare the channel access procedure a failure unless there are at least x times more component carriers than are needed to support transmission, where x is called the redundancy number. The redundancy number can be an integer value (e.g., 1, 2, 3, etc.) or a real number (e.g., 1.2, 2.5, etc.). The redundancy number can be pre-configured for the UE. Alternatively, the redundancy number can be signaled by other communication devices in the wireless communication system (e.g., other UEs, base stations). In some examples, the redundancy number can depend on the type of application (e.g., reliability-sensitive applications), the PDB, or the target number of component carriers supporting transmission. In some other examples, the redundancy number can depend on the level of interference experienced by the UE or other communication devices in the wireless communication system. Thus, other communication devices can signal the redundancy number to the UE based on the level of interference experienced by the other communication devices.

[0059] Operations performed by the UE can provide one or more efficiencies to wireless communication in a wireless communication system. For example, by declaring the result of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band as either channel access successful or channel access failed, the UE can increase the reliability of wireless communication in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band and reduce its latency. Additionally, for example, by providing an efficient channel access procedure in the wireless communication system, the UE can experience power savings.

[0060] Various aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of a wireless communication system. These aspects are further illustrated by apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, and are described with reference to these diagrams.

[0061] Figure 1 Examples of a wireless communication system 100 supporting channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band are shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be an LTE network, an LTE-A network, an LTE-APro network, or an NR network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, or communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0062] Base stations 105 can be distributed throughout a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area where base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal transmission according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0063] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the entire coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary, mobile, or both at different times. UE 115 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are shown in the document. The UE 115 described herein is capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network devices (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network devices), such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0064] Base station 105 can communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or perform both operations. For example, base station 105 can interface with core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base station 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) on backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or perform both operations. In some examples, backhaul link 120 can be or includes one or more radio links. One or more of the base stations 105 described herein can include or can be referred to by those skilled in the art as base transceiver, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation Node B, or gigabit Node B (any of which can be referred to as gNB), home Node B, home evolved Node B, or some other suitable term. UE 115 can communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155.

[0065] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a cell, station, terminal, or client, and other examples. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, and other examples, which may be implemented in various items such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, and other examples. The UE 115 described herein is capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s that may sometimes act as repeaters, as well as base station 105 and network devices, including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, and other examples, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0066] UE 115 and base station 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0067] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), the carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. The carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be positioned according to a channel grid for discovery by UE 115. The carrier may operate in standalone mode, where UE 115 initiates acquisition and connection via the carrier, or the carrier may operate in non-standalone mode, where different carriers (e.g., the same or different radio access technologies) are used to anchor the connection. The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmissions from UE 115 to base station 105, or downlink transmissions from base station 105 to UE 115. The carrier may carry downlink or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode) or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0068] A carrier can be associated with a specific bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth can be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth can be one of a number of defined bandwidths for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, or both) can have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a specific carrier bandwidth, or can be configured to support communication on one carrier bandwidth in a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 or UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 can be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., a subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0069] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as OFDM or Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element can include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate can be for UE 115. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers can further increase the data rate or data integrity for communication with UE 115.

[0070] One or more digital schemes (numerologies) can be supported for a carrier, where the digital scheme may include subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different digital schemes. In some examples, UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for UE 115 can be restricted to one or more active BWPs. The basic time unit (which may be, for example, T) can be used. s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f The sampling period is ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The time interval for base station 105 or UE 115 can be represented as a multiple of the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval for communication resources can be organized based on radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0071] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., this depends on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) f (Number) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or operating frequency band. A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Alternatively or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst form of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0072] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels on a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a group of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search for control regions against control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates arranged in a cascaded manner at one or more aggregation levels. The aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set used to send control information to a specific UE 115.

[0073] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used (e.g., on a carrier) to communicate with base station 105 and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish neighboring cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or other identifier). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors (such as the capabilities of base station 105), the range of such cells can range from small areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to large areas. For example, a cell may be or include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping geographic coverage areas 110, and other examples.

[0074] Macro cells cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider supporting macro cells. In contrast, small cells can be associated with a lower-power base station 105 and can operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells can provide unrestricted access to UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a residence or office). Base station 105 can support one or more cells and can also support communication on one or more cells using one or more component carriers. Carriers can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cell types (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)) that can provide access for different types of devices.

[0075] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and therefore provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0076] The wireless communication system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, base stations 105 can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 can be approximately time-aligned. For asynchronous operation, base stations 105 can have different frame timings, and in some examples, transmissions from different base stations 105 may not be time-aligned. The techniques described herein can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0077] Some UE 115s (e.g., MTC or IoT devices) can be low-cost or low-complexity devices and can provide automated machine-to-machine communication (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC can include communication from devices that have integrated sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application that uses the information or presents it to humans interacting with the application. Some UE 115s can be designed to collect information or automate the behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, climate and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based billing.

[0078] Some UE 115s can be configured to operate in a power-saving mode, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via either transmission or reception, rather than simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for UE 115 include entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, when operating on limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UE 115s can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) within a carrier, within a carrier's guard band, or outside a carrier.

[0079] Wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services (such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions can include service prioritization, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0080] In some examples, UE 115 is able to communicate directly with other UE 115 on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocols). One or more UE 115s utilizing D2D communication can be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UE 115s in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, groups of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication can utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UE 115s without involving base station 105.

[0081] D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using V2X communication, V2V communication, or some combination of these. Vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal control, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., base station 105) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or both.

[0082] Core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and can include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function unit (AMF)) managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function unit (UPF)) routing packets to or interconnecting with external networks. The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transmitted through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to IP service 150 for one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0083] Some network devices (e.g., base station 105) may include sub-components such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145 (which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or transmit / receive point (TRP)). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across individual network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or incorporated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0084] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands (in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz). The region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range extends from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves can be sufficiently permeable to penetrate structures for use in macrocells to provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to the transmission of smaller frequencies and longer waves in the lower frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, UHF wave transmission can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0085] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the ultra-high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also referred to as the centimeter band) or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also referred to as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding device can be even smaller and more closely spaced compared to UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, EHF transmissions may suffer from even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter distances compared to SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein can be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the designated use of frequency bands across these frequency regions may vary depending on the country or regulatory authority.

[0086] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, the two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency range names FR1 (410MHz-7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz-52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the "below 6GHz" band. Similar naming issues sometimes arise regarding FR2; although it differs from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30GHz-300GHz), it is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, while the EHF band is designated as the "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0087] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as intermediate frequency (IF) bands. Recent 5G NR studies have designated the operating bands of these IF bands as the frequency range name FR3 (7.125 GHz – 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus can effectively extend the characteristics of FR1 and / or FR2 to IF band frequencies. Additionally, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation above 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating frequency bands have been designated as the frequency range names FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz – 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz – 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz – 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0088] In light of the foregoing, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that when the term "below 6 GHz" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that are less than 6 GHz, within FR1, or may include intermediate frequency band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that when the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it can broadly refer to frequencies that may include intermediate frequency band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band.

[0089] Wireless communication system 100 can utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 can employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices (such as base station 105 and UE 115) can employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands can be based on carrier aggregation configurations that combine component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands (e.g., LAA). Operation in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, and other examples.

[0090] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels (which may support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming). For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array having a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, antenna panels may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via antenna ports.

[0091] Base station 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such a technique can be called spatial multiplexing. For example, a transmitting device can transmit multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, a receiving device can receive multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices).

[0092] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to form or guide an antenna beam (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating relative to a specific orientation of the antenna array experience constructive interference, while others experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements can include applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the transmitting or receiving device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0093] As part of beamforming operations, base station 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning techniques. For example, base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Base station 105 may transmit some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) multiple times in different directions. For example, base station 105 may transmit signals according to different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as base station 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) to identify the beam direction for subsequent transmissions or receptions performed by base station 105.

[0094] Base station 105 may transmit signals (e.g., data signals associated with a specific receiving device, such as UE 115) in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a particular receiving device, such as UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 that has the highest signal quality or otherwise acceptable signal quality.

[0095] In some examples, multiple beam directions can be used to perform transmissions by a device (e.g., base station 105 or UE 115), and the device can use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate combined beams for (e.g., from base station 105 to UE 115) transmissions. UE 115 can report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback can correspond to a configured number of beams spanning the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Base station 105 can transmit reference signals that can be precoded or unprecoded (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). UE 115 can provide feedback on beam selection, which can be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel type codebook, linear combination type codebook, port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may employ similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify beam directions for subsequent transmissions or receptions by UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0096] When receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from base station 105, the receiving device (e.g., UE 115) can attempt multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening). For example, the receiving device can attempt multiple receiving directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing the received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (e.g., different sets of directional listening weights), or by processing the received signals according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (any of these operations can be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions). In some examples, the receiving device can use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving data signals). A single receiver configuration can be aligned to a beam direction determined based on listening in different receiver configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening in multiple beam directions).

[0097] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer can perform packet fragmentation and reassembly for transmission over logical channels. The MAC layer can perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections (which support radio bearers for user plane data) between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or core network 130. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0098] UE 115 and base station 105 can support data retransmission to increase the likelihood of successful data reception. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback is a technique used to increase the likelihood of correct data reception on communication link 125. HARQ can include a combination of error detection (e.g., using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal and noise conditions). In some examples, the device can support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device can provide HARQ feedback for data received in a previous symbol within a specific time slot. In other cases, the device can provide HARQ feedback in subsequent time slots or according to some other time interval.

[0099] In addition to being performed between UE 115 and base station 105, or instead of being performed between UE 115 and base station, the techniques described herein can also be implemented via additional or alternative wireless devices, including IAB node 104, distributed unit (DU) 165, centralized unit (CU) 160, radio unit (RU) 170, etc. For example, in some implementations, the aspects described herein can be implemented in the context of a decomposed radio access network (RAN) architecture (e.g., an open RAN architecture). In a decomposed architecture, the RAN can be split into three functional areas corresponding to CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170. The functional splitting between CU 160, DU 165, and RU 175 is flexible and therefore results in many permutations of different functions depending on which functions (e.g., MAC functions, baseband functions, radio functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, and RU 175. For example, a functional split of the protocol stack can be used between DU 165 and RU 170, so that DU 165 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU 170 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack.

[0100] Some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), infrastructure for NR access, and spectrum resources may additionally support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture. One or more base stations 105 may include CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170, and may be referred to as donor base station 105 or IAB donor. One or more DU 165s (e.g., and / or RU 170) associated with donor base station 105 may be partially controlled by CU 160 associated with donor base station 104. One or more donor base stations 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional base stations 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) via supported access and backhaul links. IAB node 104 may support mobile terminal (MT) functions controlled and / or scheduled by the coupled IAB donor's DU 165. Additionally, IAB node 104 may include DU 165, which supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115, etc.) within the access network's relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream). In such a case, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0101] In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a core network 130 (e.g., a next-generation core network (NGC)), one or more IAB donors, IAB nodes 104, and a UE 115, wherein IAB nodes 102 may be partially controlled by each other and / or by the IAB donors. IAB donor nodes and IAB nodes 104 may be examples of various aspects of a base station 105. IAB donors and one or more IAB nodes 104 may be configured as a relay chain (e.g., or communicate according to a relay chain).

[0102] For example, the access network (AN) or RAN can refer to communication between an access node (e.g., an IAB donor), IAB node 104, and one or more UEs 115. An IAB donor can facilitate connectivity between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130). That is, an IAB donor can refer to a RAN node with a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. An IAB donor can include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., and RU 170), where CU 160 can communicate with the core network 130 via an NG interface (e.g., some backhaul link). CU 160 can manage Layer 3 (L3) functions (e.g., RRC, Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), PDCP, etc.) and signaling. At least one DU 165 and / or RU 170 can manage lower-layer functions, such as Layer 1 (L1) and Layer 2 (L2) functions (e.g., RLC, MAC, physical (PHY) etc.), and can each be at least partially controlled by CU 160. DU 165 can support one or more different cells. IAB donors and IAB nodes 104 can communicate via the F1 interface according to some protocol that defines the signaling messages (e.g., the F1-AP protocol). In addition, CU 160 can communicate with the core network via the NG interface (which may be an example of a backhaul link) and can communicate with other CU 160s (e.g., CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via the Xn-C interface (which may be an example of a backhaul link).

[0103] IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UE 115, radio self-backhaul capability, etc.). IAB node 104 may include DU 165 and MT. DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node toward child nodes associated with IAB node 102, and MT may act as a scheduled node toward a parent node associated with IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node communicating with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay transmissions for the UE through one or more other IAB nodes 104). Additionally, depending on the AN's relay chain or configuration, IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent node or child node of other IAB nodes. Therefore, the MT entity of IAB node 104 (e.g., MT) may provide a Uu interface for child nodes to receive signaling from the parent IAB node, and the DU interface (e.g., DU 165) may provide a Uu interface for the parent node to signal to the child IAB node or UE 115.

[0104] For example, IAB node 104 can be referred to as a parent node associated with an IAB node and a child node associated with an IAB donor. An IAB donor may include a CU 160 with a wired (e.g., fiber optic) or wireless connection to the core network and may act as a parent node of IAB node 104. For example, the DU 165 of the IAB donor can relay transmissions to UE 115 via IAB node 104 and can directly signal the transmission to UE 115. The CU 160 of the IAB donor can signal the establishment of a communication link to IAB node 104 via the F1 interface, and IAB node 102 can schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions relayed from the IAB donor to UE 115) via DU 165. That is, data can be relayed to and from IAB node 104 via signaling on the NR Uu interface of the MT of IAB node 104. Communication with IAB node 104 can be scheduled by DU 165 of the IAB donor, and communication with IAB node 104 can be scheduled by DU 165 of IAB node 104.

[0105] When the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB node 104) can be configured to support techniques for large round-trip times during random access channel procedures, as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or base station 105 can be additionally or alternatively performed by components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB nodes, DUs, CUs, etc.).

[0106] In wireless communication system 100, UE 115 can support wireless communication with base station 105 or other UE 115 on a single component carrier in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band shared with base station 105 or other UE 115. In contrast to the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, UE 115 operating in a licensed radio frequency spectrum band does not share the licensed radio frequency spectrum band with other UE 115 in wireless communication system 100. Alternatively, in wireless communication system 100, UE 115 can support wireless communication with base station 105 on multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. UE 115 can also support wireless communication with other UE 115 in wireless communication system 100 on multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band shared via sidelink communication. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be a CV2X system. UE 115 can thus support CV2X operation with other UE 115 in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. These CV2X operations in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band may be subject to channel access restrictions imposed by regulations.

[0107] Due to these limitations, UE 115 (e.g., a CV2X device) can be configured to perform a channel access procedure, such as an LBT procedure, before performing any wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission) in the wireless communication system 100. For example, UE 115 can perform the LBT procedure by sensing a channel (e.g., an uplink channel, a sidelink channel) to determine whether the component carrier is idle (i.e., not used by other UE 115) or busy (i.e., used by other UE 115) for wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission). Channel sensing operations may include measuring one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), SNR, Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR), Signal-to-Noise and Interference Ratio (SINR), and others, to determine whether the channel associated with the component carrier is idle or busy.

[0108] In some examples, if UE 115 determines that the component carrier is idle, UE 115 can declare the LBT procedure successful (also known as an LBT success event), and UE 115 can perform wireless communication in wireless communication system 100. That is, UE 115 performs uplink or lateral crosslink transmission as initially expected on the component carrier. Otherwise, if UE 115 determines that the component carrier is busy, UE 115 can declare the LBT procedure failed (also known as an LBT failure event), and UE 115 can avoid transmitting (e.g., not perform) wireless communication in wireless communication system 100. That is, uplink or lateral crosslink transmission is aborted by UE 115. Lateral crosslink communication can refer to communication occurring on a lateral crosslink channel.

[0109] UE 115 (e.g., a CV2X device) can be configured to perform operations due to an LBT failure event, which can act as a trigger for UE 115 to perform, for example, a resource reselection operation. In the wireless communication system 100, one or more events can be defined to trigger resource reselection, such as resource re-evaluation and preemption, which can be a time-domain or frequency-domain resource, or both, as described herein. For example, the resource can be a time-domain resource, such as a symbol period (e.g., an OFDM symbol), a micro-slot, or a time slot. Alternatively, the resource can be a frequency-domain resource, such as a subcarrier or a carrier.

[0110] The triggering of a resource reselection operation by an LBT failure event can effectively lead to a retry of the LBT procedure for the blocked wireless communication. That is, UE 115 can attempt a new LBT procedure for wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, lateral transmission) that was previously interrupted due to component carrier busyness (e.g., being used by another UE 115). UE 115 can perform wireless communication relative to a PDB, which can define a threshold for the time (e.g., duration) that packets may be delayed in the wireless communication system 100. Therefore, UE 115 can retry the LBT procedure as long as sufficient time (e.g., a time period) remains in the PDB. For example, given sufficient time remaining in the PDB, UE 115 can identify the component carrier as idle and may be able to perform wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, lateral transmission) after multiple LBT procedure retries.

[0111] In the wireless communication system 100, the UE 115 can support wireless communication with the base station 105 or other UEs 115 or both on multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, effectively increasing the available bandwidth and thus increasing the transmission rate associated with the wireless communication. In some examples, the UE 115 can support carrier aggregation to increase the available bandwidth and thus increase the transmission rate, as described herein. The UE 115 can support wideband operation in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band by operating on multiple component carriers. In some examples, each component carrier can have a bandwidth of 20 MHz. In some other examples, each component carrier can have a bandwidth different from 20 MHz.

[0112] Some applications (such as CV2X) may be low-rate and therefore may not require the use of multiple component carriers. However, using multiple component carriers can help improve transmission reliability, for example, in security applications as described herein. In some cases, UE 115 can increase transmission reliability by replicating the same signal on multiple component carriers (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission) or by jointly encoding the payload on available component carriers. This replication of the same signal can be helpful in unlicensed CV2X operation, where transmitting on multiple component carriers increases the chance that the receiving device (e.g., base station 105 or another UE 115) will receive the transmission with sufficiently low interference activity on at least one component carrier.

[0113] Similar to single-component carrier operation, UE 115 can perform a channel access procedure for multi-component carrier operation in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands before performing any wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission). In some cases, UE 115 can be configured to perform uplink or sidelink transmissions on component carriers identified as idle based on the LBT procedure. That is, transmissions can be allowed on component carriers identified as idle (e.g., if any). In some cases, UE 115 can be configured with a number of alternative procedures for performing channel access procedures for multiple component carriers. These procedures probe all available component carriers to identify which are idle (and therefore allowed to transmit on) and which are busy (and therefore not allowed to transmit on).

[0114] Various aspects of this disclosure can be independent of actual channel access procedures, such as the actual LBT procedures used to declare component carriers as idle (i.e., available) or busy (i.e., unavailable). LBT failure and LBT success events for single-component carrier operation can be extended to multi-component carrier operation in the wireless communication system 100. For example, when UE 115 identifies all component carriers as busy, this can correspond to an LBT failure event, which can trigger a resource reselection operation for UE 115. Alternatively, when UE 115 identifies all component carriers as idle, this can correspond to an LBT success event, and UE 115 can continue wireless communication (e.g., possibly transmitting on all component carriers). However, in multi-component carrier operation, it is likely that not all component carriers will be identified as idle or busy. UE 115 can be configured to determine whether to declare these conditions as LBT failure events or LBT success events.

[0115] UE 115 can be configured to declare LBT failure events or LBT success events for multi-component carrier operation based on one or more criteria (also known as transmit diversity criteria). That is, when not all component carriers in the wireless communication system 100 are identified as idle or busy, UE 115 can determine one or more criteria as described herein, based on which it can declare an LBT failure event or an LBT success event. For various applications (such as reliability-sensitive applications), UE 115 can be configured to declare LBT failure events such that LBT success events have a higher number of component carriers identified as idle compared to other applications with lower reliability or latency requirements (thus enabling increased transmit diversity). In some cases, the higher the number of component carriers identified as idle, the more difficult it may be for UE 115 to actually declare LBT success events. Alternatively, UE 115 can be configured to declare LBT failure events less frequently, making it highly likely that the LBT process within the PDB will never succeed.

[0116] In the wireless communication system 100, the UE 115 may include a communication manager 101 that supports efficient channel access procedures for multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. The communication manager 101 may be an example of aspects of a communication manager as described herein. Similarly, in the wireless communication system 100, the base station 105 may include a communication manager 102 that supports efficient channel access procedures for multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. The communication manager 102 may be an example of aspects of a communication manager as described herein. In the wireless communication system 100, the UE 115 may include a communication manager 103 that supports efficient channel access procedures for multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band. The communication manager 103 may be an example of aspects of a communication manager as described herein.

[0117] UE 115 can be configured with multiple criteria for declaring the result 255 of channel access procedure 250 as a channel access failure. For example, UE 115 can be configured with multiple criteria for declaring LBT failure events for multi-component carrier operation (e.g., multi-component carrier CV2X operation) in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. According to the techniques described herein, UE 115 can experience improvements in CV2X operation on more than one independent unlicensed component carrier. For example, UE 115 can experience increased transmission reliability, which may be important in CV2X applications (e.g., transmission of safety messages including traffic information, roadside hazards, etc.).

[0118] Figure 2Examples of a wireless communication system 200 supporting channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band are shown, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a base station 105 and one or more UEs 115. The base station 105 and one or more UEs 115 may be referenced... Figure 1 Examples of corresponding devices described. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may support a variety of radio access technologies, including 4G systems (such as LTE systems, LTE-A systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and 5G systems (which may be referred to as NR systems).

[0119] Base station 105 and one or more UEs 115 can be configured with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming, or any combination thereof. The antennas of base station 105 and one or more UEs 115 can be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels (which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming). For example, base station 105 can have an antenna array with a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with one or more UEs 115. Similarly, one or more UEs 115 can have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Base station 105 and UEs 115 can therefore be configured to support directional communication using multiple antennas. UE 115 can also support side-link communication with another UE 115, for example, using D2D communication and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication (which may also be referred to as V2X communication, V2V communication, C-V2X communication, etc.).

[0120] As described herein, UE 115 can support wireless communication with base station 105 or another UE 115 on a single component carrier 205 or multiple component carriers 210 in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band to effectively increase available bandwidth and thus increase the transmission rate associated with wireless communication. For example, UE 115 can use a single component carrier 205 or multiple component carriers 210 in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band to transmit wireless communication to base station 105 in wireless communication system 200. Alternatively, UE 115 can use a single component carrier 205 or multiple component carriers 210 in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band to transmit sidelink communication to another UE 115 in wireless communication system 200. As described herein, wireless communication in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., uplink transmission 215, sidelink transmission 220) may be subject to channel access restrictions imposed by regulations. Therefore, UE 115 can be configured to perform a channel access procedure 250, such as an LBT procedure, before performing wireless communication.

[0121] UE 115 can be configured to declare LBT failure events or LBT success events for multi-component carrier operation based on one or more criteria. That is, when not all component carriers are identified as idle or busy, UE 115 can determine one or more criteria as described herein, based on which it can declare an LBT failure event or an LBT success event. For example, UE 115 can be configured with multiple criteria for declaring LBT failure events for multi-component carrier operation in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands (e.g., multi-component carrier CV2X operation). According to the techniques described herein, UE 115 can experience improvements in operation (e.g., CV2X operation) on more than one independent unlicensed component carrier. For example, UE 115 can experience increased transmission reliability, which may be important in CV2X applications (e.g., the transmission of safety messages including traffic information, roadside hazards, etc.).

[0122] exist Figure 2In the example, base station 105 may transmit transmit diversity configuration 235 for downlink transmission 225 (e.g., on a single component carrier 230 or multiple component carriers (not shown)), which may include an indication of one or more transmit diversity criteria 240 for declaring the result 255 of a channel access procedure 250 for a set of component carriers (e.g., including component carriers 205 and 210 in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). The indication may refer to the one or more transmit diversity criteria 240 itself or one or more bits corresponding to the one or more transmit diversity criteria 240. For example, UE 115 may be configured (e.g., scheduled, allocated) to determine the total number of component carriers for radio operation (e.g., CV2X operation), where the total number of component carriers is defined as N, which may be a value greater than or equal to 2 component carriers (i.e., N ≥ 2 component carriers).

[0123] UE 115 can be configured to perform a channel access procedure 250 on a total of N component carriers whenever UE 115 is able to perform wireless communication in wireless communication system 200. For example, a CV2X device can determine that the total number of component carriers available for CV2X operation sensed whenever the CV2X device wants to perform a transmission in wireless communication system 200 is N≥2. UE 115 can also be configured to determine a target number of component carriers supporting wireless operation, where the target number of component carriers is defined as M. For example, UE 115 can be configured to determine a minimum number of component carriers M (also referred to as the target transmit diversity number of component carriers) supporting wireless operation, where M is a value greater than or equal to one (i.e., M≥1), and the value of M is less than or equal to N (i.e., M≤N). UE 115 can also be configured to determine the number of available (e.g., idle) component carriers (e.g., not used by other UE 115 in the wireless communication system 200), wherein the number of available component carriers is defined as N', where N' can have values ​​greater than or equal to zero (N'≥0) and less than or equal to N (N'≤N).

[0124] In some cases, UE 115 may determine that the number of available component carriers N' is less than the target number of component carriers M supporting wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission 215, sidelink transmission 220) (i.e., N' < M). In this case, UE 115 may be configured to declare the LBT procedure as an LBT failure event. For example, if uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 requires at least (i.e., minimum) 2 component carriers (e.g., M = 2 component carriers), then UE 115 may declare an LBT failure event if the number of component carriers identified as idle is zero (e.g., N' = 0 or N' = 1).

[0125] In some other cases, when a plurality of conditions (also referred to as one or more criteria) are satisfied, the UE 115 may declare an LBT failure event. That is, even if a target (e.g., minimum) number of resources for uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 are available (e.g., N'≥M), the UE 115 may still declare the LBT failure event. The UE 115 may then trigger, for example, a resource reselection operation and re-attempt the LBT procedure. In some examples, the condition may be that the UE 115 does not present an LBT failure event. That is, as long as a target number of resources supporting communication are found to be available, the UE 115 may proceed with wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission 215, sidelink transmission 220). For example, if the uplink transmission 215 or the sidelink transmission 220 requires one component carrier, the UE 115 may proceed with the transmission if at least one component carrier is identified as idle. In some other examples, the condition may be: based on the UE 115 determining that the number N' of available component carriers is less than a multiple of the target number M of component carriers required to support the uplink transmission 215 or the sidelink transmission 220 (i.e., N'<x·M) (where x is a redundancy number), the UE 115 presents an LBT failure event.

[0126] UE 115 can declare an LBT failure event based on one or more conditions N' ≥ M. That is, UE 115 can declare an LBT failure event even if there are enough CCs available for transmission. In some examples, the redundancy number x can be configured to have a value greater than or equal to one (x ≥ 1). A multiple of the target component carrier number M can be configured to be less than or equal to the total number of component carriers (x·M less than or equal to N (i.e., x·M ≤ N)). For example, UE 115 can determine that the target component carrier number M for uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 is one component carrier (i.e., M = 1). For uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220, assuming the total number N of component carriers used for radio operation (e.g., CV2X operation) is greater than or equal to 2 component carriers used by the wireless communication system 200 (i.e., N ≥ 2 component carriers), the redundancy number x can be 2 (i.e., x = 2). Therefore, if UE 115 determines, based on the LBT procedure, that zero component carriers N' are idle (i.e., N' = 0) or a single component carrier N' is idle (e.g., N' = 1), UE 115 can declare the result of the LBT procedure as an LBT failure event and retry the LBT procedure. For example, UE 115 can declare the result of the LBT procedure after resource reselection (e.g., selecting other component carriers, etc.). Therefore, when performing uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220, at least x times the minimum number of component carriers M will be available. For the example above, UE 115 can perform uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 as long as at least 2 component carriers are idle.

[0127] By allowing transmission when N' is greater than M (e.g., N'>x·M, where x is greater than one) (e.g., uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220), greater transmission diversity can be achieved in the wireless communication system 200. In some examples, UE 115 can utilize redundant component carriers to increase transmission reliability (e.g., by duplication or joint coding on available component carriers). In some other examples, UE 115 can select M component carriers from N' component carriers for transmission (e.g., uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220), which can reduce the probability of collisions with other UE 115s simultaneously performing LBT procedures and marking the same component carriers as idle. For example, when N' = M = 1, it is likely that another nearby UE 115 simultaneously performing an LBT procedure could mark the same single component carrier as idle. Two UE 115s could continue transmitting on the same component carrier, thereby increasing the likelihood of collisions in the wireless communication system 200. Alternatively, if transmission is allowed when at least two component carriers are identified as idle (i.e., N' = two component carriers), and each UE115 selects one of them for its transmission (e.g., randomly), then the probability of two UEs 115 selecting the same component carrier and the collision is reduced.

[0128] In the wireless communication system 200, UE 115 may be configured or pre-configured with a redundancy number x. In some examples, the redundancy number x may be specified in the radio specification that UE 115 complies with. In some other examples, the network (e.g., base station 105) may indicate the redundancy number x to UE 115 via signaling. For example, base station 105 may configure UE 115 with a redundancy number x as part of transmit diversity configuration 235, or separately via semi-static signaling or dynamic signaling. For example, base station 105 may send an RRC configuration message to UE 115, which may include an indication of the redundancy number x. The RRC configuration message may be an example of semi-static signaling. Alternatively, base station 105 may send a MAC-CE message (also referred to as MAC-CE) or DCI message to UE 115, which may include an indication of the redundancy number x. MAC-CE and DCI messages may be examples of dynamic signaling.

[0129] In some examples, the redundancy number x can apply to all types of wireless communication in the wireless communication system 200. That is, in the wireless communication system 200, the redundancy number x can be configured or pre-configured system-wide to be the same for all types of transmissions. For example, the redundancy number x can be the same for uplink transmission 215 and sidelink transmission 220. Alternatively or additionally, the redundancy number x can be different for different types of transmissions. For example, different redundancy numbers x can exist for uplink transmission 215 and sidelink transmission 220. In some other examples, the redundancy number x can depend on transmission-specific parameters. That is, in the wireless communication system 200, the redundancy number x can be configured or pre-configured system-wide to depend on transmission-specific parameters. For example, UE 115 can determine the redundancy number x of uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 based on the type of application associated with uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220. The type of application can be a CV2X application, an ultra-reliable and low-latency (URLL) application, and other examples. By implementing the redundancy number x as a parameter that depends on the transmission, transmissions corresponding to applications that aim for high reliability (such as uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220) can have a larger redundancy number x in order to achieve greater transmit diversity.

[0130] UE 115 can also determine the redundancy number x for uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 based on, for example, the PDB associated with channel access procedure 250 (such as an LBT procedure). By implementing the redundancy number x as dependent on transmission-specific parameters, transmissions with small PDBs (such as uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220) can have a smaller redundancy number x (possibly equal to 1) because these transmissions may not provide many LBT attempts before the PDB expires and are more likely to identify a smaller number of component carriers as idle. Alternatively, UE 115 can determine the redundancy number x for uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 based on the minimum required number M of component carriers available for transmission. By implementing the redundancy number x as a parameter that depends on the transmission, a transmission with a smaller minimum required number of available component carriers M (such as uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220) can provide a larger redundancy number x, because for a larger minimum number of component carriers M, it is more difficult for UE 115 to identify N' = x·M component carriers as idle.

[0131] exist Figure 2In the examples, the concepts of large redundancy x and small redundancy x will be understood relative to the values ​​of M and N. In some examples, a redundancy x value of 3 can be considered large redundancy for a minimum number of component carriers M of 1 and a total number of component carriers N of 4. In some other examples, a redundancy x value of 4 can be considered small redundancy for a minimum number of component carriers M of 1 and a total number of component carriers N of 10. Therefore, the total number of available component carriers N also helps in determining the value of redundancy x.

[0132] UE 115 can determine the redundancy number x for uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 based on a time-varying aspect. That is, the value of the redundancy number x can be time-varying and may vary between consecutive LBT attempts for the same transmission. For example, for a channel access procedure attempt (e.g., the first LBT attempt) for a packet used in uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220, UE 115 can choose a large value for the redundancy number x (assuming the PDB is large enough to allow a sufficient number of channel access procedure attempts (e.g., LBT attempts)). When the PDB is about to expire and the channel access procedure 250 (e.g., the LBT procedure) continues to fail, UE 115 can decrease the value of the redundancy number x to increase the chance of the channel access procedure 250 (e.g., the LBT procedure) succeeding before the PDB (even with minimum transmit diversity or without transmit diversity).

[0133] UE 115 can determine the redundancy number x for uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 based on interference activity measured by the network (e.g., base station 105). Under low interference activity, a larger value for the redundancy number x can be provided because it is easier to identify a larger number of available component carriers N' (i.e., identified as idle). However, under high interference activity, a smaller value for the redundancy number x may be preferred because it is difficult to identify a larger number of component carriers N' (i.e., identified as idle). In some examples, the network, UE 115, or both can perform real-time measurements of interference activity on one or more component carriers in the wireless communication system 200 and adjust the value of the redundancy number x accordingly. For example, base station 105 can perform measurements of interference activity on one or more component carriers in an unlicensed (e.g., shared) frequency band in the wireless communication system 200, adjust the value of the redundancy number x based on these measurements, and signal the adjusted value of the redundancy number x (e.g., redundancy number 245) to one or more of the UEs 115, for example, via downlink transmission 225. Signaling may include RRC signaling, MAC-CE signaling, or DCI signaling, or a combination thereof. In some examples, base station 105 may update a criterion including the redundancy number x, and transmit the updated criterion (e.g., redundancy number x) in a message (e.g., an RRC message, a DCI message, etc.) to declare the result of the LBT procedure. Alternatively or additionally, UE 115 (e.g., a neighboring UE) may perform measurements of interference activity on one or more component carriers in an unlicensed (e.g., shared) frequency band in the wireless communication system 200, adjust the value of the redundancy number x based on these measurements, and notify UE 115 of the adjusted value of the redundancy number x (e.g., redundancy number 245) via, for example, a sidelink transmission 220.

[0134] Alternatively, UE 115 may determine the redundancy x for uplink transmission 215 or sidelink transmission 220 based on interference activity measured by UE 115. For example, UE 115 may determine that it is operating under high interference conditions and may identify that the number of available component carriers N' is equal to the target number of component carriers M for transmission (e.g., uplink transmission 215, sidelink transmission 220). That is, N' = M component carriers are idle to continue transmission, and therefore the value of redundancy x is equal to 1 (x = 1). UE 115 may perform the above operation instead of seizing the opportunity to acquire a larger N' (x > 1) that is unlikely to occur before the PDB expires. UE 115 may determine interference information based on determining the channel busy ratio (CBR) in wireless communication system 200. For example, UE 115 may determine the CBR based on identifying the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) according to measurements of one or more reference signals in wireless communication system 200.

[0135] In some other examples, the UE 115 may determine the interference information based on the channel access procedure history (e.g., LBT history). For example, based on previous LBT attempts, the UE 115 may have information about how many component carriers are more likely to be identified as idle, and set the value of the redundancy number x accordingly. Therefore, the UE 115 uses its previous experience regarding channel access, and adjusts the current value of the redundancy number x accordingly. For example, if the UE 115 has previously experienced multiple LBT failures with the value of the redundancy number x equal to 3 (e.g., x=3), the UE 115 may choose to change the value of the redundancy number x to 2 (e.g., x=2) for its subsequent LBT attempts, because a smaller value of the redundancy number x may indicate a higher possibility of LBT success.

[0136] The UE 115 may determine the outcome 255 of the channel access procedure 250 (such as an LBT procedure) based on a probability model. For example, when N' component carriers are identified as idle, the UE 115 may declare the outcome of the LBT procedure as an LBT failure event with the following probability 0≤p(N')≤1 (where N'=0, 1, ..., N). In some cases, the probability model may correspond to a degenerate probability mass function (PMF). In some examples, for all N'<x·M, the UE 115 may declare the outcome of the LBT procedure as an LBT failure event with the following probability p(N')=1. In some other examples, for all N'≥x·M, the UE 115 may declare the outcome of the LBT procedure as an LBT failure event with the following probability p(N')=0. The PMF may depend on all the parameters described herein, and may be independently configured or indicated or calculated for each device (e.g., the base station 105, the UE 115) on a system-wide scale.

[0137] Accordingly, in the wireless communication system 200, criteria for declaring the outcome 255 of the channel access procedure 250 in multi-component carrier unlicensed operations (e.g., multi-component carrier unlicensed CV2X operations) as, for example, an LBT success event or an LBT failure event are described. These criteria are designed for reliability-sensitive (e.g., safety) applications, where a greater number of component carriers can enhance transmit diversity. These criteria take into account aspects specific to CV2X, such as PDB and packet priority for optimally identifying and adjusting the target number of idle component carriers.

[0138] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a transmission scheme supporting performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The transmission scheme 300 may be performed by the respectively referenced Figure 1 and 2The described aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200 can be implemented, or various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200 can be implemented. For example, transmission scheme 300 can be implemented by, as referred to Figure 1 and 2 The UE 115 described above is used for implementation. Transmission scheme 300 can be implemented by UE 115 to support efficient channel access procedures for multiple component carriers in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands.

[0139] exist Figure 3 In the example, UE 115 may perform a channel access procedure, such as an LBT procedure, for multiple component carriers in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band before performing any wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission). The LBT procedure may be associated with PDB 305. At 310, UE 115 may trigger a resource selection or reselection as described herein, which may be selected within PDB 305. UE 115 may perform channel sensing associated with multiple component carriers in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band during the LBT sensing interval 315. At 325, UE 115 may, for example, declare the result of the LBT procedure as an LBT failure event based on one or more aspects described herein.

[0140] At 330, UE 115 can trigger resource reselection to retry the LBT procedure. For example, UE 115 can perform channel sensing associated with multiple component carriers in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band again during the LBT sensing interval 335. At 340, UE 115 can again declare the result of the LBT procedure as an LBT failure event, for example, based on one or more aspects described herein, and trigger resource reselection at 345 to retry the LBT procedure. At 350, UE 115 can perform channel sensing associated with multiple component carriers in the unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band again during the LBT sensing interval. This time, UE 115 declares the result of the LBT procedure as an LBT success event, for example, based on one or more aspects described herein. Therefore, as long as there is sufficient remaining time in PDB 305, UE 115 can identify the channel as idle and perform transmission (e.g., possibly after multiple LBT attempts).

[0141] At 355, UE 115 can perform wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission). For example, UE 115 can use one or more time resources (e.g., symbol duration, microslot duration, slot duration, subframe duration, frame duration) and frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier, carrier) for a physical uplink channel (such as the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)) to transmit wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission). In some other examples, UE 115 can use one or more time resources (e.g., symbol duration, microslot duration, slot duration, subframe duration, frame duration) and frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier, carrier) for a physical uplink channel (such as the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) to transmit wireless communication (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission). In other examples, UE 115 may use one or more time resources (e.g., symbol duration, microslot duration, slot duration, subframe duration, frame duration) and frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier, carrier) for the Physical Side Link Control Channel (PSCCH) or Physical Side Link Shared Channel (PSSCH) or both to transmit wireless communications (e.g., uplink transmission, sidelink transmission).

[0142] Figure 4 An example of a process flow 400 supporting the execution of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Process flow 400 can be provided by, respectively, referring to… Figure 1 and 2 The wireless communication systems 100 and 200 described can be implemented in various ways, or various aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200 can be implemented. For example, process flow 400 can be based on the configuration of base station 105 or UE 115 and implemented by UE 115. Base station 105 and UE 115 can be examples of devices as described herein. In the following description of process flow 400, operations between base station 105 and UE 115 may be transmitted in a different order than the example order shown, or operations performed by base station 105 and UE 115 may be performed in a different order or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 400, and other operations may be added to process flow 400.

[0143] At 405, base station 105 may send a transmit diversity configuration to UE 115-a. The transmit diversity configuration may indicate transmit diversity criteria, as described herein, for declaring the outcome of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. At 410, base station 105 may individually send the transmit diversity criteria for declaring the outcome of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, based at least in part on an observed interference level at base station 105 satisfying a threshold. As described herein, the threshold may refer to a value compared to an observation for decision-making. Alternatively, at 415, UE 115-b may individually send the transmit diversity criteria for declaring the outcome of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, based at least in part on an observed interference level at UE 115-b satisfying a threshold.

[0144] At 420, UE 115-a can determine a transmit diversity configuration. For example, UE 115-a can be pre-configured with a transmit diversity configuration, or the configuration can be determined based on a configuration received from base station 105 or UE 115-b, or both. At 425, UE 115-a can perform a channel access procedure (e.g., LBT procedure) for multiple component carriers as described herein. UE 115-a can perform a channel access procedure (e.g., LBT procedure) for multiple component carriers to determine the result of the channel access procedure based at least in part on a transmit diversity criterion. At 430, UE 115-a can send a sidelink message to UE 115-b based at least in part on the result of the channel access procedure. Alternatively, at 435, UE 115-a can send an uplink message to base station 105 based at least in part on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0145] Figure 5 A block diagram 500 of an apparatus 505 supporting the performance of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Apparatus 505 may be an example of various aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. Apparatus 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. Apparatus 505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0146] Receiver 510 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to performing channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). The information may be passed to other components of device 505. Receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0147] Transmitter 515 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 505. For example, transmitter 515 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to channel access procedures performed on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). In some examples, transmitter 515 may be co-located with receiver 510 in a transceiver assembly. Transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0148] Communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the channel access procedure described herein on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. For example, communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0149] In some examples, the communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured to or otherwise support units for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, a processor and memory coupled to a processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory by the processor).

[0150] Alternatively or concurrently, in some examples, the communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented using code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented using processor-executed code, the functionality of the communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, central processing unit (CPU), ASIC, FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., a unit configured or otherwise supported for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0151] In some examples, the communication manager 520 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 510, transmitter 515, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or integrate with the receiver 510, transmitter 515, or both to receive information, send information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0152] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 520 can support multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system. For example, the communication manager 520 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for determining a transmit diversity configuration that indicates a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The communication manager 520 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for performing a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The communication manager 520 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting or avoiding transmission of messages on at least one component carrier in the set of multiple component carriers based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0153] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 520 may support wireless communication at the first UE. For example, the communication manager 520 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for measuring one or more sidelink reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the first UE. The communication manager 520 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting a message to a second UE based on the observed interference level meeting a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0154] By including or configuring the communication manager 520 according to the examples described herein, the device 505 (e.g., a processor that controls or is otherwise coupled to the receiver 510, transmitter 515, communication manager 520, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for reducing power consumption and utilizing communication resources more efficiently by supporting efficient channel access procedures for multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0155] Figure 6A block diagram 600 of an apparatus 605 supporting the performance of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Apparatus 605 may be an example of aspects of apparatus 505 or UE 115 as described herein. Apparatus 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communications manager 620. Apparatus 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0156] Receiver 610 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to performing channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). The information may be passed to other components of device 605. Receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0157] Transmitter 615 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 605. For example, transmitter 615 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with performing channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). In some examples, transmitter 615 may be co-located with receiver 610 in a transceiver assembly. Transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0158] Device 605 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, as described herein. For example, communication manager 620 may include configuration component 625, access component 630, messaging component 635, reference signal component 640, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 620 may be examples of various aspects of communication manager 520 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 620 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both, or otherwise cooperate with receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, communication manager 620 may receive information from receiver 610, transmit information to transmitter 615, or be integrated with receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0159] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 620 can support multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system. The configuration component 625 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for determining a transmit diversity configuration, which indicates a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The access component 630 can be configured or otherwise supported to perform a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion, to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The messaging component 635 can be configured or otherwise supported to transmit or avoid transmitting messages on at least one component carrier in the set of multiple component carriers based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0160] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 620 may support wireless communication at the first UE. The reference signal component 640 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for measuring one or more side-link reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the first UE. The message component 635 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting a message to the second UE based on a threshold being met by the observed interference level, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0161] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a communication manager 720 supporting the execution of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The communication manager 720 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 520, communication manager 620, or both as described herein. The communication manager 720 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band as described herein. For example, the communication manager 720 may include a configuration component 725, an access component 730, a message component 735, a reference signal component 740, a resource component 745, a model component 750, a channel component 755, a recording component 760, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0162] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 can support multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system. The configuration component 725 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for determining a transmit diversity configuration, which indicates a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The access component 730 can be configured or otherwise supported to perform a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion, to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The messaging component 735 can be configured or otherwise supported to transmit or avoid transmitting messages on at least one component carrier in the set of multiple component carriers based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0163] In some examples, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for receiving control messages indicating transmit diversity configuration, wherein the control messages include RRC messages, MAC-CE messages, or DCI messages, or combinations thereof. In some examples, configuration component 725 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for receiving from a second UE or node an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band, based on a threshold satisfied by the observed interference level.

[0164] Configuration component 725 may be configured or otherwise support elements for receiving transmit diversity configurations indicating a redundancy number. In some examples, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting or avoiding transmitting messages on at least one component carrier in a set of multiple component carriers based on a redundancy number. Message component 735 may be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting or avoiding transmitting messages on at least one component carrier in a set of multiple component carriers based on a transmit diversity threshold number, wherein the transmit diversity threshold number is the product of a redundancy number specified for message transmission and a target transmit diversity number of component carriers. In some examples, the redundancy number is greater than or equal to one. In some examples, the product of the redundancy number and the target transmit diversity number is less than or equal to the total number of the set of multiple component carriers. In some examples, the transmit diversity threshold number is a multiple of the target transmit diversity number. In some examples, the redundancy number is pre-configured.

[0165] In some examples, the redundancy number is based on the application type of the message. In some examples, the redundancy number is based on the total number of component carriers in the wireless communication system. In some examples, the redundancy number is based on the PDB associated with the channel access procedure. In some examples, the redundancy number is based on the time period in which the channel access procedure is performed and the PDB associated with the channel access procedure. In some examples, the redundancy number is based on the defined number of component carriers specified for the message. In some examples, the redundancy number is determined based on interference information for one or more component carriers in a set of multiple component carriers.

[0166] Channel component 755 may be configured or otherwise supported to receive interference information from a node wirelessly communicating with a first UE, or a second UE communicating via a sidelink with the first UE, or both. In some examples, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported to transmit or avoid transmitting messages on at least one component carrier in a set of multiple component carriers based on interference information. In some examples, channel component 755 may be configured or otherwise supported to determine the CBR based on measurements of one or more reference signals transmitted via one or more component carriers in a set of multiple component carriers, the interference information including the CBR.

[0167] Recording component 760 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for determining a set of multiple previous results of a set of multiple previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE. In some examples, resource component 745 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for estimating one or more component carriers from a set of multiple component carriers that can be used for message transmission based on the set of multiple previous results of a set of multiple previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE. Redundancy is determined based on the estimated one or more component carriers from the set of multiple component carriers that can be used for message transmission.

[0168] In some examples, resource component 745 may be configured or otherwise supported for determining, based on the channel access procedure, that one or more component carriers in a set of multiple component carriers are available for message transmission. In some examples, access component 730 may be configured or otherwise supported for declaring a channel access failure based on the number of one or more component carriers satisfying a transmit diversity threshold specified in a transmit diversity criterion. The number of one or more component carriers is available for message transmission. In some examples, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported for avoiding message transmission based on channel access failure.

[0169] Resource component 745 may be configured or otherwise supported for determining, based on the channel access procedure, the availability of one or more component carriers from a set of multiple component carriers for message transmission. In some examples, access component 730 may be configured or otherwise supported for declaring a successful channel access based on the number of one or more component carriers satisfying a transmit diversity threshold specified in a transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of one or more component carriers is available for message transmission. In some examples, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting a message on one or more component carriers based on declaring a successful channel access. In some examples, model component 750 may be configured or otherwise supported for determining the probability of the outcome of the channel access procedure using a probabilistic model. In some examples, access component 730 may be configured or otherwise supported for declaring the outcome of the channel access procedure based on probability.

[0170] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communication at the first UE. The reference signal component 740 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for measuring one or more sidelink reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the first UE. In some examples, the message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting a message to the second UE based on a threshold being met by the observed interference level, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0171] In some examples, to support message transmission, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting a unit that includes an indication of a transmit diversity standard, which specifies a number of transmit diversity thresholds to declare a channel access failure based on a number of one or more component carriers satisfying the transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity standard. The number of one or more component carriers may be used for transmission. In some examples, to support message transmission, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting a unit that includes an indication of a transmit diversity standard, which specifies a number of transmit diversity thresholds to declare a channel access success based on a number of one or more component carriers satisfying the transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity standard. The number of one or more component carriers may be used for transmission.

[0172] In some examples, to support message transmission, message component 735 may be configured or otherwise supported for transmitting units that include an indication of a transmit diversity criterion, which specifies a transmit diversity threshold number as the product of the redundancy number and the target transmit diversity number of component carriers. In some examples, the redundancy number is greater than one. In some examples, the transmit diversity threshold number is a multiple of the target transmit diversity number.

[0173] Figure 8 A diagram of a system 800 including device 805 supporting channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 805 may be an example of device 505, device 605, or UE 115 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 805 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 805 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller 810, a transceiver 815, an antenna 825, a memory 830, a code 835, and a processor 840. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled via one or more buses (e.g., bus 845).

[0174] I / O controller 810 can manage input and output signals for device 805. I / O controller 810 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 805. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can utilize, for example... This can be an operating system such as I / O controller 810 or another known operating system. Alternatively, I / O controller 810 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 810 may be implemented as part of a processor (such as processor 840). In some cases, a user may interact with device 805 via I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 810.

[0175] In some cases, device 805 may include a single antenna 825. However, in other cases, device 805 may have more than one antenna 825, which are capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. Transceiver 815 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 825, a wired or wireless link as described herein. For example, transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 815 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 825. Transceiver 815, or transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825, may be examples of transmitter 515, transmitter 615, receiver 510, receiver 610, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0176] Memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 835, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 840, cause device 805 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 835 may not be directly executable by processor 840, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, in addition, memory 830 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0177] Processor 840 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 840 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 840. Processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 830) to cause device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). For example, device 805 or components of device 805 may include processor 840 and memory 830 coupled to processor 840, processor 840 and memory 830 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0178] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 can support multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system. For example, the communication manager 820 can be configured or otherwise support elements for determining a transmit diversity configuration that indicates a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The communication manager 820 can be configured or otherwise support elements for performing a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The communication manager 820 can be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting or avoiding transmission of messages on at least one component carrier in the set of multiple component carriers based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0179] Alternatively or additionally, according to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at the first UE. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for measuring one or more sidelink reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the first UE. The communication manager 820 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting a message to a second UE based on the observed interference level meeting a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0180] By including or configuring the communication manager 820 according to the examples described herein, device 805 can support techniques for improving communication reliability, reducing latency, reducing power consumption, and utilizing communication resources more efficiently. For example, device 805 can support efficient channel access procedures (e.g., LBT procedures), which can increase its battery life. Additionally, device 805 can experience improved communication reliability by supporting efficient channel access procedures for multi-component carrier transmission in a shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0181] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or in cooperation with transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 820 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 820 may be supported or performed by processor 840, memory 830, code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, code 835 may include instructions executable by processor 840 to cause device 805 to perform various aspects of the channel access procedure performed on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, as described herein, or processor 840 and memory 830 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0182] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 of an apparatus 905 supporting the performance of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Apparatus 905 may be an example of aspects of base station 105 as described herein. Apparatus 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communication manager 920. Apparatus 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0183] Receiver 910 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to performing channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). The information may be passed to other components of device 905. Receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0184] Transmitter 915 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 905. For example, transmitter 915 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to channel access procedures performed on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). In some examples, transmitter 915 may be co-located with receiver 910 in a transceiver assembly. Transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0185] The communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the channel access procedure described herein on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. For example, the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0186] In some examples, the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, configured to or otherwise support units for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, a processor and memory coupled to a processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in memory by the processor).

[0187] Alternatively or concurrently, in some examples, the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented using code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented using processor-executed code, the functionality of the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., a unit configured or otherwise supported for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0188] In some examples, the communication manager 920 can be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 920 can receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or integrate with the receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to receive information, send information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0189] Based on the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 920 can support wireless communication at the node. For example, the communication manager 920 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting transmit diversity configurations that indicate transmit diversity criteria for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The communication manager 920 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for measuring one or more reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the node. The communication manager 920 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting a message to the UE based on whether the observed interference level meets a threshold, the message including an indication of an updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0190] By including or configuring the communication manager 920 according to the examples described herein, the device 905 (e.g., a processor that controls or otherwise couples to the receiver 910, transmitter 915, communication manager 920, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for reducing power consumption and utilizing communication resources more efficiently for channel access procedures (e.g., LBT procedures) on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0191] Figure 10A block diagram 1000 of an apparatus 1005 supporting the performance of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Apparatus 1005 may be an example of aspects of apparatus 905 or base station 105 as described herein. Apparatus 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a transmitter 1015, and a communication manager 1020. Apparatus 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0192] Receiver 1010 may provide a unit for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to performing channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). The information may be passed to other components of device 1005. Receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0193] Transmitter 1015 may provide a unit for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1005. For example, transmitter 1015 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to channel access procedures performed on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). In some examples, transmitter 1015 may be co-located with receiver 1010 in a transceiver assembly. Transmitter 1015 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0194] Device 1005 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, as described herein. For example, communication manager 1020 may include channel component 1025 and message component 1030, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1020 may be examples of various aspects of communication manager 920 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1020 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or both, or otherwise cooperate with receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). For example, communication manager 1020 may receive information from receiver 1010, transmit information to transmitter 1015, or be integrated with receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or both to receive information, transmit information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0195] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1020 can support wireless communication at the node. The message component 1030 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting transmit diversity configurations that indicate transmit diversity criteria for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The channel component 1025 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for measuring one or more reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the node. The message component 1030 can be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting a message to the UE based on the observed interference level meeting a threshold, the message including an indication of an updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0196] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 of a communication manager 1120 supporting the execution of a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The communication manager 1120 may be an example of aspects of a communication manager 920, a communication manager 1020, or both, as described herein. The communication manager 1120 or its various components may be examples of units for performing various aspects of the channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may include a channel component 1125 and a message component 1130, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0197] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication at the node. The message component 1130 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting transmit diversity configurations that indicate transmit diversity criteria for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. In some examples, the channel component 1125 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for measuring one or more reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the node. In some examples, the message component 1130 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting a message to the UE based on the observed interference level meeting a threshold, the message including an indication of an updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0198] Message component 1130 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for transmitting control messages indicating transmit diversity configuration. Control messages may include RRC messages, MAC-CE messages, or DCI messages, or combinations thereof. Message component 1130 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for transmitting an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, based at least in part on the observation of an interference level satisfying a threshold. Message component 1130 may be configured or otherwise supported as a unit for transmitting a transmit diversity configuration indicating a redundancy number. In some examples, the redundancy number is greater than or equal to one. In some examples, the product of the redundancy number and the target transmit diversity number is less than or equal to the total number of component carriers. In some examples, the transmit diversity threshold number is a multiple of the target transmit diversity number. In some examples, the redundancy number is pre-configured.

[0199] In some examples, the redundancy number is at least partially based on the type of application. In some examples, the redundancy number is at least partially based on the total number of component carriers in the wireless communication system. In some examples, the redundancy number is at least partially based on the PDB associated with the channel access procedure. In some examples, the redundancy number is at least partially based on the time period in which the channel access procedure is performed and the PDB associated with the channel access procedure. In some examples, the redundancy number is at least partially based on a defined number of component carriers. Message component 1130 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for transmitting interference information. Channel component 1125 may be configured or otherwise supported to support elements for determining the CBR at least partially based on measurements of one or more reference signals, including the interference information, the CBR.

[0200] Figure 12 A diagram of a system 1200 including device 1205 supporting channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1205 may be an example of device 905, device 1005, or base station 105 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1205 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1205 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as communication manager 1220, network communication manager 1210, transceiver 1215, antenna 1225, memory 1230, code 1235, processor 1240, and inter-station communication manager 1245. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1250).

[0201] The network communication manager 1210 can manage communication with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1210 can manage the transmission of data communication to client devices (e.g., one or more UEs 115).

[0202] In some cases, device 1205 may include a single antenna 1225. However, in other cases, device 1205 may have more than one antenna 1225, which are capable of simultaneously transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1215 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1225, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 1215 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1215 may also include a modem for modulating packets, providing modulated packets to one or more antennas 1225 for transmission, and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1225. Transceiver 1215, or transceiver 1215 and one or more antennas 1225, may be an example of transmitter 915, transmitter 1015, receiver 910, receiver 1010, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0203] Memory 1230 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1230 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1235, which includes instructions that, when executed by processor 1240, cause device 1205 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1235 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1235 may not be directly executable by processor 1240, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, in addition, memory 1230 may also contain a BIOS, which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0204] Processor 1240 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1240 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1240. Processor 1240 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1230) to cause device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting channel access procedures on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band). For example, device 1205 or components of device 1205 may include processor 1240 and memory 1230 coupled to processor 1240, processor 1240 and memory 1230 being configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0205] Inter-site communication manager 1245 can manage communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other base stations 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 1245 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 to implement various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1245 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between base stations 105.

[0206] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 can support wireless communication at the node. For example, the communication manager 1220 can be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting transmit diversity configurations that indicate transmit diversity criteria for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The communication manager 1220 can be configured or otherwise support elements for measuring one or more reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the node. The communication manager 1220 can be configured or otherwise support elements for transmitting a message to the UE based on the observed interference level meeting a threshold, the message including an indication of an updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. By including or configuring the communication manager 1220 according to the examples described herein, the device 1205 can support techniques for improving communication reliability, reducing latency, reducing power consumption, and utilizing communication resources more efficiently.

[0207] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or in cooperation with transceiver 1215, one or more antennas 1225, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 1220 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1220 may be supported or executed by processor 1240, memory 1230, code 1235, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1235 may include instructions executable by processor 1240 to cause device 1205 to perform various aspects of the channel access procedure performed on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, as described herein, or processor 1240 and memory 1230 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0208] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating a method 1300 for performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1300 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1300 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE to perform the described function. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0209] At 1305, the method may include: determining a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The operation of 1305 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1305 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 7 The configuration component 725 described is used for execution.

[0210] At 1310, the method may include: performing a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band based on transmit diversity criteria, to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The operation of 1310 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1310 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 7 The described access component 730 is used to execute this.

[0211] At 1315, the method may include: transmitting or avoiding transmission of a message on at least one component carrier in a set of multiple component carriers based on the result of the channel access procedure. The operation of 1315 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1315 may be derived from references... Figure 7The message component 735 is described and executed.

[0212] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1400 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1400 can be performed by, as described in reference to... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE to perform the described function. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0213] At 1405, the method may include receiving a control message indicating a transmit diversity configuration. The control message may include an RRC message, a MAC-CE message, or a DCI message, or a combination thereof. The operation of 1405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1405 may be provided by reference to... Figure 7 The message component 735 is described and executed.

[0214] At 1410, the method may include: determining a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The operation of 1410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1410 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 7 The configuration component 725 described is used for execution.

[0215] At 1415, the method may include: performing a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band based on transmit diversity criteria, to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The operation at 1415 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1415 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 7 The described access component 730 is used to execute this.

[0216] At 1420, the method may include: transmitting or avoiding transmission of a message on at least one component carrier in a set of multiple component carriers based on the result of the channel access procedure. The operation at 1420 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1420 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The message component 735 is described and executed.

[0217] Figure 15A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be performed by, as described in reference to... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE to perform the described function. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0218] At 1505, the method may include: determining a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The operation of 1505 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1505 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 7 The configuration component 725 described is used for execution.

[0219] At 1510, the method may include: receiving from a second UE or node an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band, based on a threshold satisfied by an observed interference level. The operation of 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1510 may be derived from references to... Figure 7 The configuration component 725 described is used for execution.

[0220] At 1515, the method may include: performing a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band based on transmit diversity criteria, to determine the result of the channel access procedure. The operation at 1515 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1515 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 7 The described access component 730 is used to execute this.

[0221] At 1520, the method may include: transmitting or avoiding transmission of a message on at least one component carrier in a set of multiple component carriers based on the result of the channel access procedure. The operation at 1520 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The message component 735 is described and executed.

[0222] Figure 16A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be performed by, as described in reference... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the UE to perform the described function. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0223] At 1605, the method may include: measuring one or more side link reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the first UE. The operation at 1605 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1605 may be determined by references as... Figure 7 The reference signal component 740 described is used to perform this action.

[0224] At 1610, the method may include: transmitting a message to a second UE based on the observation that the interference level meets a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for sharing a set of multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band. The operation of 1610 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 may be derived from references to... Figure 7 The message component 735 is described and executed.

[0225] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for performing a channel access procedure on multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 9 to 12 The described base station 105 performs this function. In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the base station to perform the described function. Alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0226] At 1705, the method may include: transmitting a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The operation of 1705 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be derived from references to... Figure 11 The message component 1130 described is used for execution.

[0227] At 1710, the method may include measuring one or more reference signals to determine the level of observed interference at the node. The operation at 1710 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1710 may be determined by reference signals such as... Figure 11 The described channel component 1125 is used to perform this.

[0228] At 1715, the method may include: transmitting a message to the UE, at least in part, based on the observation that the interference level meets a threshold, the message including an indication of an updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a set of multiple component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band. The operation of 1715 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1715 may be derived from references... Figure 11 The message component 1130 described is used for execution.

[0229] The following provides a summary of various aspects of this disclosure:

[0230] Aspect 1: A method for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system, comprising: determining a transmit diversity configuration, the transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of a channel access procedure for a plurality of CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band; performing the channel access procedure for the plurality of CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band at least in part based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure; and transmitting or avoiding transmission of messages on at least one of the plurality of CCs at least in part based on the result of the channel access procedure.

[0231] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1 further includes: receiving a control message indicating the transmit diversity configuration, wherein the control message includes an RRC message, a MAC-CE message, or a DCI message, or a combination thereof.

[0232] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2 further includes: receiving from a second UE or node an indication of the transmit diversity criterion for declaring the result of the channel access procedure for the plurality of CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band, which is at least partially based on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold.

[0233] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3 further includes: receiving a transmit diversity configuration indicating a redundancy number; and transmitting or avoiding transmitting the message on at least one of the plurality of CCs based at least in part on the redundancy number.

[0234] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4 further includes: transmitting or avoiding transmission of the message on at least one of the plurality of CCs based at least in part on a transmit diversity threshold number, wherein the transmit diversity threshold number is the product of a redundancy number specified for the transmission of the message and a target transmit diversity number of the CC.

[0235] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, wherein the redundancy number is greater than or equal to one.

[0236] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 6, wherein the product of the redundancy number and the target transmit diversity number is less than or equal to the total number of the plurality of CCs.

[0237] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 7, wherein the number of transmit diversity thresholds is a multiple of the number of target transmit diversity.

[0238] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 5 to 8, wherein the redundancy number is pre-configured.

[0239] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 9, wherein the redundancy number is at least partially based on the application type of the message.

[0240] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 10, wherein the redundancy number is at least partially based on the total number of CCs in the wireless communication system.

[0241] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 11, wherein the redundancy number is at least partially based on the PDB associated with the channel access procedure.

[0242] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 12, wherein the redundancy number is at least partially based on the time period in which the channel access procedure is performed and the PDB associated with the channel access procedure.

[0243] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 13, wherein the redundancy number is at least partially based on the defined number of CCs specified for the message.

[0244] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 5 to 14, wherein the redundancy number is determined at least in part based on interference information for one or more of the plurality of CCs.

[0245] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15 further includes: receiving the interference information from a node wirelessly communicating with the first UE, or a second UE communicating via a side link with the first UE, or both; and transmitting or avoiding transmitting the message on at least one of the plurality of CCs based at least in part on the interference information.

[0246] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of Aspects 15 to 16 further comprises: determining the CBR based at least in part on measurements of one or more reference signals transmitted via one or more of the plurality of CCs, the interference information including the CBR.

[0247] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 15 to 17 further includes: determining a plurality of previous results of a plurality of previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE; estimating, at least in part, based on the plurality of previous results of the plurality of previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE, that one or more of the plurality of CCs may be used for transmission of the message, wherein the redundancy number is determined at least in part based on one or more of the plurality of CCs estimated to be usable for transmission of the message.

[0248] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 18 further comprises: determining, at least in part, based on the channel access procedure, that one or more of the plurality of CCs are available for transmission of the message; declaring the result as a channel access failure based at least in part on the number of the one or more CCs satisfying a number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of the one or more CCs is available for transmission of the message; and avoiding transmission of the message based at least in part on the channel access failure.

[0249] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 19 further includes: determining, at least in part, based on the channel access procedure, that one or more of the plurality of CCs are available for transmission of the message; and declaring the result as successful channel access based at least in part on the number of the one or more CCs satisfying a number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of the one or more CCs is available for transmission of the message.

[0250] Aspect 21: The method according to aspect 20 further includes: sending the message on the one or more CCs based at least in part on declaring the result as successful channel access.

[0251] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 21 further includes: using a probability model to determine the probability of the outcome of the channel access procedure; and declaring the outcome of the channel access procedure based at least in part on the probability.

[0252] Aspect 23: A method for wireless communication at a first UE, comprising: measuring one or more side link reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the first UE; and transmitting a message to a second UE based at least in part on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing a plurality of CCs in a radio frequency spectrum band.

[0253] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 23, wherein transmitting the message includes: transmitting a message including the indication of the transmit diversity standard, the transmit diversity standard specifying a transmit diversity threshold number for declaring the result as a channel access failure based at least in part on the number of one or more CCs satisfying the transmit diversity threshold number specified in the transmit diversity standard, wherein the number of one or more CCs can be used for transmission.

[0254] Aspect 25: The method according to any one of Aspects 23 to 24, wherein transmitting the message comprises: transmitting a message including the indication of the transmit diversity standard, the transmit diversity standard specifying a transmit diversity threshold number for declaring the result as channel access successful based at least in part on the number of one or more CCs satisfying the transmit diversity threshold number specified in the transmit diversity standard, wherein the number of one or more CCs can be used for transmission.

[0255] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of Aspects 23 to 25, wherein transmitting the message comprises: transmitting the message including the indication to the transmit diversity criterion, the transmit diversity criterion specifying a transmit diversity threshold number as the product of the redundancy number and the target transmit diversity number of CC.

[0256] Aspect 27: According to the method of aspect 26, the redundancy number may be greater than or equal to one.

[0257] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 27, wherein the number of transmit diversity thresholds is a multiple of the number of target transmit diversity.

[0258] Aspect 29: A method for wireless communication at a node, comprising: transmitting a transmit diversity configuration indicating a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for a plurality of CCs in a shared radio frequency spectrum band; measuring one or more reference signals to determine an observed interference level at the node; and transmitting a message to a UE based at least in part on the observed interference level satisfying a threshold, the message including an indication of the updated transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of the channel access procedure for the plurality of CCs in the shared radio frequency spectrum band.

[0259] Aspect 30: An apparatus for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system, comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22.

[0260] Aspect 31: An apparatus for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22.

[0261] Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first UE in a wireless communication system, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22.

[0262] Aspect 33: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE, comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to perform the method according to any one of aspects 23 to 28.

[0263] Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any one of aspects 23 to 28.

[0264] Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first UE, said code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 23 to 28.

[0265] Aspect 36: An apparatus for wireless communication at a node, comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to perform the method according to aspect 29.

[0266] Aspect 37: An apparatus for wireless communication at a node, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to aspect 29.

[0267] Aspect 38: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a node, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to aspect 29.

[0268] It should be noted that the methods described in this paper describe possible implementations, and the operations and features can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0269] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used extensively in the description, the techniques described herein apply beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described can be applied to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0270] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0271] The various illustrative blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0272] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on or transmitted through a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that different parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0273] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, with communication media encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose computer or a special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired units of program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, wherein disks typically copy data magnetically, while optical discs use lasers to copy data optically. The combinations described above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0274] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items ending with a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example feature described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same way as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0275] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by a dash and a second reference numeral following the reference numeral, used to differentiate between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, without regard to the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0276] This document describes exemplary configurations in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be implemented without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0277] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories and configured such that the UE: Identify whether a number of component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band are idle or busy. Determine the transmit diversity configuration, which indicates the transmit diversity criterion, which is: the channel access procedure will succeed when the number of available component carriers is at least a multiple of the number of target component carriers required to support the transmission; The channel access procedure for the plurality of component carriers in the shared radio frequency spectrum band is performed at least in part based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure; as well as The transmission or avoidance of messages on at least one of the number of component carriers among the plurality of component carriers is based at least in part on the results of the channel access procedure.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: Receive a control message indicating the transmit diversity configuration. The control messages include radio resource control messages, media access control-control element (MAC-CE) messages, downlink control information messages, or combinations thereof.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The second UE or node receives an indication of the transmit diversity criterion, which is used to declare the result of the channel access procedure for the plurality of component carriers in the shared radio frequency spectrum band, based at least in part on the satisfaction of a threshold based on the observed interference level.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The transmit diversity configuration receiving the redundancy number, wherein the redundancy number indicates a multiple of the number of target component carriers available for the transmission; and The message is transmitted or avoided on at least one of the plurality of component carriers, based at least in part on the redundancy number.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The message is transmitted or avoided on at least one of the plurality of component carriers based at least in part on a transmit diversity threshold, wherein the transmit diversity threshold is the product of the redundancy number and the number of target component carriers required for the transmission of the message.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The redundancy number is greater than or equal to one.

7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The product of the redundancy number and the target component carrier number is less than or equal to the total number of the plurality of component carriers.

8. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The number of transmit diversity thresholds is a multiple of the number of target component carriers.

9. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The number of redundancies is pre-configured.

10. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The redundancy number is at least in part based on the application type of the message.

11. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The redundancy number is at least in part based on the total number of component carriers in the wireless communication system.

12. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The redundancy number is based, at least in part, on the packet delay budget associated with the channel access procedure.

13. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The redundancy number is based at least in part on the time period during which the channel access procedure is performed and the packet delay budget associated with the channel access procedure.

14. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The redundancy number is at least in part based on the defined number of component carriers specified for the message.

15. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The redundancy number is determined at least in part based on interference information for one or more of the plurality of component carriers.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The interference information is received from a node that wirelessly communicates with the first UE, or from a second UE that communicates with the first UE via a side link, or from both. The message is transmitted or avoided on at least one of the plurality of component carriers, based at least in part on the interference information.

17. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The channel busy ratio is determined at least in part based on measurements of one or more reference signals transmitted via one or more of the plurality of component carriers, the interference information including the channel busy ratio.

18. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: Determine multiple previous results of multiple previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE; as well as The availability of one or more component carriers among the plurality of component carriers for message transmission is estimated, at least in part, based on the plurality of previous results of the plurality of previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE. The redundancy number is determined at least in part based on one or more component carriers of the plurality of component carriers that can be used for the transmission of the message.

19. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The determination that one or more component carriers among the plurality of component carriers may be used for the transmission of the message is based at least in part on the channel access procedure; The result is declared as a channel access failure, at least in part, based on the number of the one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of the one or more component carriers can be used for the transmission of the message; as well as The message is avoided at least in part due to the failure of the channel access.

20. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The determination that one or more component carriers among the plurality of component carriers may be used for the transmission of the message is based at least in part on the channel access procedure; as well as The result is declared as successful channel access based at least in part on the number of the one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of the one or more component carriers can be used for the transmission of the message.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising: An antenna array configured to transmit the message on one or more component carriers, at least in part based on declaring the result as successful channel access.

22. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: A probabilistic model is used to determine the probability of the outcome of the channel access procedure; and The outcome of the channel access procedure is declared at least in part based on the probability.

23. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories and configured such that the UE: Measure one or more side link reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the first UE; and A message is transmitted to the second UE at least in part based on the observed interference level meeting a threshold. The message includes an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band, wherein the transmit diversity criterion specifies that the transmit diversity threshold number is a multiple of the target transmit diversity number of the component carriers.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The message is transmitted to declare the result as a channel access failure, at least in part, based on the number of one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of one or more component carriers is available for transmission.

25. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to: The message is transmitted to declare the result as successful channel access based at least in part on the number of one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of one or more component carriers is available for transmission.

26. An apparatus for wireless communication at a node, comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors, said one or more processors coupled to said one or more memories and configured such that the node: Send transmit diversity configuration, which indicates transmit diversity criteria for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band, wherein the transmit diversity criteria are: the channel access procedure will succeed when the number of available component carriers is at least a multiple of the target number of component carriers required to support the transmission; Measure one or more reference signals to determine the level of observational interference at the node; and The message is transmitted to the user equipment (UE) at least in part based on the observation interference level meeting a threshold, and the message includes an indication of an updated transmit diversity standard.

27. A method for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: Identify whether a number of component carriers in a shared radio frequency spectrum band are idle or busy. Determine the transmit diversity configuration, which indicates a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the outcome of a channel access procedure for sharing the plurality of component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band. The transmit diversity criterion is that the channel access procedure will succeed when the number of available component carriers is at least a multiple of the target number of component carriers required to support the transmission. The channel access procedure for the plurality of component carriers in the shared radio frequency spectrum band is performed at least in part based on the transmit diversity criterion to determine the result of the channel access procedure; as well as The transmission or avoidance of messages on at least one of the number of component carriers among the plurality of component carriers is based at least in part on the results of the channel access procedure.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising: Receive a control message indicating the transmit diversity configuration. The control messages include radio resource control messages, media access control-control element (MAC-CE) messages, downlink control information messages, or combinations thereof.

29. The method of claim 27, further comprising: The second UE or node receives an indication of the transmit diversity criterion, which is used to declare the result of the channel access procedure for the plurality of component carriers in the shared radio frequency spectrum band, based at least in part on the satisfaction of a threshold based on the observed interference level.

30. The method of claim 27, further comprising: The transmit diversity configuration receiving the redundancy number, wherein the redundancy number indicates a multiple of the number of target component carriers available for the transmission; and The message is transmitted or avoided on at least one of the plurality of component carriers, based at least in part on the redundancy number.

31. The method of claim 30, further comprising: The message is transmitted or avoided on at least one of the plurality of component carriers based at least in part on a transmit diversity threshold, wherein the transmit diversity threshold is the product of the redundancy number and the number of target component carriers required for the transmission of the message.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The redundancy number is greater than or equal to one.

33. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The product of the redundancy number and the target component carrier number is less than or equal to the total number of the plurality of component carriers.

34. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The number of transmit diversity thresholds is a multiple of the number of target component carriers.

35. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The number of redundancies is pre-configured.

36. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The redundancy number is at least in part based on the application type of the message.

37. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The redundancy number is at least in part based on the total number of component carriers in the wireless communication system.

38. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The redundancy number is based, at least in part, on the packet delay budget associated with the channel access procedure.

39. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The redundancy number is based at least in part on the time period during which the channel access procedure is performed and the packet delay budget associated with the channel access procedure.

40. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The redundancy number is at least in part based on the defined number of component carriers specified for the message.

41. The method according to claim 31, wherein, The redundancy number is determined at least in part based on interference information for one or more of the plurality of component carriers.

42. The method of claim 41, further comprising: The interference information is received from a node that is wirelessly communicating with the first UE, or from a second UE that is communicating via a side link with the first UE, or from both. as well as The message is transmitted or avoided on at least one of the plurality of component carriers, based at least in part on the interference information.

43. The method of claim 41, further comprising: The channel busy ratio is determined at least in part based on measurements of one or more reference signals transmitted via one or more of the plurality of component carriers, the interference information including the channel busy ratio.

44. The method of claim 41, further comprising: Determine multiple previous results of multiple previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE; as well as The availability of one or more component carriers among the plurality of component carriers for message transmission is estimated, at least in part, based on the plurality of previous results of the plurality of previous channel access procedures performed by the first UE. The redundancy number is determined at least in part based on one or more component carriers of the plurality of component carriers that can be used for the transmission of the message.

45. The method of claim 27, further comprising: The determination that one or more component carriers among the plurality of component carriers may be used for the transmission of the message is based at least in part on the channel access procedure; The result is declared as a channel access failure, at least in part, based on the number of the one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of the one or more component carriers can be used for the transmission of the message; as well as The message is avoided at least in part due to the failure of the channel access.

46. ​​The method of claim 27, further comprising: The determination that one or more component carriers among the plurality of component carriers may be used for the transmission of the message is based at least in part on the channel access procedure; as well as The result is declared as successful channel access based at least in part on the number of the one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of the one or more component carriers can be used for the transmission of the message.

47. The method of claim 46, further comprising: An antenna array configured to transmit the message on one or more component carriers, at least in part based on declaring the result as successful channel access.

48. The method of claim 27, further comprising: A probabilistic model is used to determine the probability of the outcome of the channel access procedure; as well as The outcome of the channel access procedure is declared at least in part based on the probability.

49. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 27-48.

50. An apparatus for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising a unit for performing the method according to any one of claims 27-48.

51. A method for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: Measure one or more side link reference signals to determine the observed interference level at the first UE; as well as A message is transmitted to the second UE at least in part based on the observed interference level meeting a threshold. The message includes an indication of a transmit diversity criterion for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band, wherein the transmit diversity criterion specifies that the transmit diversity threshold number is a multiple of the target transmit diversity number of the component carriers.

52. The method according to claim 51, further comprising: The message is transmitted to declare the result as a channel access failure, at least in part, based on the number of one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of one or more component carriers is available for transmission.

53. The method according to claim 51, further comprising: The message is transmitted to declare the result as successful channel access based at least in part on the number of one or more component carriers satisfying the number of transmit diversity thresholds specified in the transmit diversity criterion, wherein the number of one or more component carriers is available for transmission.

54. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 51-53.

55. An apparatus for multi-carrier wireless communication at a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising a unit for performing the method according to any one of claims 51-53.

56. A method for wireless communication at a node, comprising: Send transmit diversity configuration, which indicates transmit diversity criteria for declaring the results of a channel access procedure for sharing multiple component carriers in a radio frequency spectrum band, wherein the transmit diversity criteria are: the channel access procedure will succeed when the number of available component carriers is at least a multiple of the target number of component carriers required to support the transmission; Measure one or more reference signals to determine the level of observational interference at the node; and The message is transmitted to the user equipment (UE) at least in part based on the observation interference level meeting a threshold, and the message includes an indication of an updated transmit diversity standard.

57. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to claim 56.

58. An apparatus for wireless communication at a node, comprising a unit for performing the method according to claim 56.

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