An electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, including a kind of multiplexing space broadband antenna structure, it is easy to be realized under the architecture of electronic device, and the area occupied is small.Multiple antennas have good isolation and lower ECC in close space, meet the demand of multi-antenna system, can provide a kind of technical reference for the antenna scheme of 5G electronic device.Electronic device can include radiator, first feed unit and second feed unit;Wherein, the radiator includes first branch, the first feed unit feeds the radiator at the first end of the first branch;The second feed unit feeds the radiator at the first position of the first branch;The first position is located, the maximum current region on the first branch when the first feed unit feeds, the second feed unit does not feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] The ever-increasing demands for transmission speed in fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication terminals have accelerated the development of sub-6GHz multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna systems. Sub-6GHz MIMO antenna systems can deploy a large number of antennas at both the base station and the terminal, enabling simultaneous data transmission across multiple channels in both the time and frequency domains, effectively improving spectral efficiency and significantly increasing data transmission speed. Therefore, it has become one of the key development focuses for next-generation multi-Gbps communication systems. However, due to the limited space within electronic devices, antennas that are not miniaturized are difficult to fit into the large-screen, narrow-bezel designs of today's smart electronic devices. Furthermore, in MIMO antenna design, when several antennas operating on the same frequency band are designed within the limited space of a terminal device, the close proximity of the antennas leads to increasing interference, significantly increasing the isolation between them. This can also increase the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) between multiple antennas, resulting in a decrease in data transmission speed. Therefore, MIMO antenna architectures with low coupling and low ECC have become the means of implementing MIMO antenna technology for sub-6GHz band communication. In addition, since different countries may use different sub-6GHz bands (N77 / N78 / N79), how to achieve multi-band operational MIMO multi-antenna architectures has also become an important technical research topic. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an electronic device including a broadband antenna structure that reuses space. This structure is easy to implement within the architecture of electronic devices and occupies a small area. Multiple antennas in a close spatial arrangement exhibit good isolation and low ECC, meeting the requirements of multi-antenna systems and providing a technical reference for antenna solutions in 5G electronic devices.

[0004] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a radiator, a first power supply unit, and a second power supply unit; wherein the radiator includes a first branch, the first power supply unit supplies power to the radiator at a first end of the first branch; the second power supply unit supplies power to the radiator at a first position of the first branch; the first position is located in the region of maximum current on the first branch when the first power supply unit supplies power and the second power supply unit does not supply power. According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the antenna structure formed by the radiator, the first feeding unit, and the second feeding unit includes a first antenna unit formed by the radiator and the first feeding unit, and a second antenna unit formed by the radiator and the second feeding unit. The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can share the antenna radiator, effectively reducing the volume of the antenna structure and making it applicable to the increasingly limited internal space of electronic devices. Simultaneously, when the first feeding unit is fed to one end of the first branch, the first antenna unit operates in DM mode. Since the feeding point of the second feeding unit on the radiator is in the region of maximum current on the first branch when the first feeding unit is fed, the second antenna unit operates in CM mode when the second feeding unit is fed, without affecting the DM mode of the first antenna unit, thus achieving good isolation between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit. In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radiator further includes a second branch, one end of which is connected to the first branch, wherein the radiator has a T-shaped structure. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, by adding another radiating stub, an additional current path can be added to increase another resonance, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the antenna structure.

[0005] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distance between the first connection point and the first endpoint of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the second branch; wherein, the first connection point is the connection point of the first branch and the second branch that is far away from the first power supply unit, and the first endpoint of the first branch is the endpoint of the first branch that is far away from the first power supply unit. According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the distance between the first connection point and the first endpoint of the first radiator is equal to the length of the second radiator, an additional current path is added when the first feed unit is fed to increase another resonance, which can extend the operating frequency band of the antenna element formed by the first feed unit and the radiator. When the distance between the first connection point and the first endpoint of the first radiator is less than the length of the second radiator, an additional current path is added when the second feed unit is fed to increase another resonance, which can extend the operating frequency band of the antenna element formed by the second feed unit and the radiator.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the end of the second branch furthest from the first branch is bent. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, bending can be performed in a two-dimensional plane (the plane where the horizontal branch is located), or it can be performed in a three-dimensional space, such as bending in the direction of the back cover or the screen. The choice can be made according to the actual layout inside the electronic device, further reducing the space inside the electronic device occupied by the antenna structure.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the lengths of the first branches on both sides of the first position are the same.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first position is located at the junction of the first branch and the second branch.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the first branch is half a first wavelength, where the first wavelength is the operating wavelength of the antenna unit formed by the first feed unit or the second feed unit and the radiator.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the current on the first branch and the current on the second branch, which are excited by the first power supply unit, are in the same direction; the current on the first branch and the current on the second branch, which are excited by the second power supply unit, flow to the first position.

[0011] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, since the first antenna unit formed by the first feed unit and the radiator and the second antenna unit formed by the second feed unit and the radiator operate in DM mode and CM mode respectively, good isolation can be maintained between the two antenna units within the operating frequency band.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a first metal component and a second metal component; the first power supply unit is electrically connected to the first metal component to indirectly couple power to the radiator; the second power supply unit is electrically connected to the second metal component to indirectly couple power to the radiator. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure can be further extended by indirect coupling power supply.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a first matching network; wherein the first matching network is disposed between the first feeding unit and the first metal component, for extending the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit formed by the first feeding unit. In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a second matching network; wherein the second matching network is disposed between the second power supply unit and the second metal component, for extending the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit formed by the second power supply unit. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, by adding a matching network to the antenna structure of the electronic device, an additional current path can be added to increase another resonance, thereby extending the operating frequency band of the antenna structure.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a back cover and a bracket; the first metal component and the second metal component are disposed on the surface of the bracket; and the radiator is disposed on the surface of the back cover. In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first antenna unit formed by the first feeding unit operates in the same frequency band as the second antenna unit formed by the second feeding unit.

[0015] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure can be applied to a MIMO system.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first antenna unit formed by the first feeding unit operates in a frequency band covering 3.3~3.8GHz; the second antenna unit formed by the second feeding unit operates in a frequency band covering 3.3~3.8GHz. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, only for the sake of brevity, the N78 frequency band in 5G is selected as the working frequency band of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application. In actual production or design, the size and other parameters of the antenna structure can be changed so that the antenna structure can cover other frequency bands, such as other frequency bands in 5G, or it can cover the low frequency band (698MHz-960MHz), mid frequency band (1710MHz-2170MHz) and high frequency band (2300MHz-2690MHz) in LTE, or the 2.4 / 5GHz WiFi frequency band, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device includes an antenna array formed by a plurality of radiators spaced sequentially at intervals and at least one decoupling element; in two adjacent radiators of the plurality of radiators, a first end of a first branch is close to a second end of another first branch; the at least one decoupling element is not directly connected to the plurality of radiators, and a corresponding decoupling element of the at least one decoupling element is disposed between the two adjacent radiators. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the decoupling device can be used to enable the antenna array to have multiple isolation high points in the operating frequency band, and can improve the near-field current coupling between multiple sub-units.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the distribution of the plurality of said radiators is triangular, circular, or polygonal. According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the number of antenna sub-units in the antenna array can be adjusted according to actual communication needs.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, each radiator in the antenna array forms a sub-unit operating at the same frequency band.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a gap is formed between the two adjacent radiators and the corresponding decoupling element, and the coupling degree between the two adjacent radiators is related to the size of the gap.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the decoupling element is used to enable the antenna array to have multiple high points of isolation within the operating frequency band. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the structure of the common-mode antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution diagram.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the structure of the differential mode of the linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution diagram.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is the current path when the first power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the current path when the second power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application along a first direction.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a plan view of the back cover of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 9 yes Figure 4 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0031] Figure 10 yes Figure 4 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure.

[0032] Figure 11 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0033] Figure 12 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit.

[0034] Figure 13 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the second feeding unit.

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 15 This is the current path when the first power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 16 This is the current path when the second power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 17 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0039] Figure 18 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure.

[0040] Figure 19 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0041] Figure 20 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0042] Figure 21 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit.

[0043] Figure 22 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the second feeding unit.

[0044] Figure 23 yes Figure 14 The figure shows the S-parameter simulation results of the length variation of the right stalk of the transverse stalk in the antenna structure shown.

[0045] Figure 24 yes Figure 14 The figure shows the S-parameter simulation results of the longitudinal stub length variation in the antenna structure.

[0046] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 26 This is the current path when the first power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] Figure 27 yes Figure 25 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0049] Figure 28 yes Figure 25 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure.

[0050] Figure 29 yes Figure 25 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0051] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] Figure 31 This is the current path when the second power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 32 This is the current path when the first power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0054] Figure 33 yes Figure 30 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0055] Figure 34 yes Figure 30 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure.

[0056] Figure 35 yes Figure 30 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0057] Figure 36 yes Figure 30 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0058] Figure 37 yes Figure 30The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit.

[0059] Figure 38 yes Figure 30 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the second feeding unit.

[0060] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0061] Figure 40 This is the current path when the second power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0062] Figure 41 yes Figure 39 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0063] Figure 42 yes Figure 39 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure.

[0064] Figure 43 yes Figure 39 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0065] Figure 44 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0066] Figure 45 yes Figure 44 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0067] Figure 46 yes Figure 44 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure.

[0068] Figure 47 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Figure 48 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0070] Figure 49 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figure 50 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0072] Figure 51 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] It should be understood that in this application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Communication connection" can refer to the transmission of electrical signals, including wireless communication connections and wired communication connections. Wireless communication connections do not require a physical medium and are not a connection relationship that limits the product structure. "Connection" and "connected" can both refer to a mechanical or physical connection relationship. For example, A connecting to B or A being connected to B can mean that there are fastening components (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0075] The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to electronic devices employing one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The electronic devices in the embodiments of this application can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, smart bracelets, smartwatches, smart helmets, smart glasses, etc. Electronic devices can also be cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, electronic devices in 5G networks, or electronic devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs), etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0076] Figure 1The internal environment of the electronic device provided in this application is illustrated by way of example, with a mobile phone as the example.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover glass 13, a display screen 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a housing 19, and a rear cover 21.

[0078] The glass cover 13 can be set close to the display screen 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display screen 15 from dust.

[0079] In one embodiment, the display screen 15 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED), or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0080] The printed circuit board (PCB) 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric, Rogers dielectric, or a hybrid dielectric of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric is a type of high-frequency board. A metal layer can be provided on the side of the PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. This metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of the PCB 17. This metal layer can be used to ground the electronic components carried on the PCB 17 to prevent electric shock to the user or damage to the equipment. This metal layer can be referred to as the PCB ground plane. Besides the PCB ground plane, the electronic device 10 can also have other grounding surfaces, such as a metal middle frame.

[0081] The electronic device 10 may also include a battery, which is not shown here. The battery may be disposed within the middle frame 19, and the battery may divide the PCB 17 into a motherboard and a daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0082] The mid-frame 19 primarily serves to support the entire device. The mid-frame 19 may include a bezel 11, which can be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 can extend around the periphery of the electronic device 10 and the display screen 15, specifically surrounding the four sides of the display screen 15 to help secure it. In one implementation, the bezel 11, made of metal, can be directly used as the metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance suitable for a metal ID. In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 can also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metallic bezel appearance suitable for a non-metallic ID.

[0083] The back cover 21 can be made of metal or non-conductive material, such as glass or plastic.

[0084] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0085] First, by Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application will involve two antenna modes. Among them, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another line antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0086] 1. Common mode (CM) of a linear antenna Figure 2 Figure (a) shows the radiator of the line antenna connected to ground (e.g., a floor, which could be a PCB) via a feed wire 42. The line antenna 40 is shown below. The line antenna 40 is connected to a feed element (not shown) at a midpoint 41. The positive terminal of the feed element is connected to the midpoint 41 of the line antenna 40 via the feed wire 42, and the negative terminal of the feed element is connected to ground. The midpoint 41 of the line antenna 40 could be, for example, the geometric center of the line antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator (or a region within a certain range near the aforementioned midpoint).

[0087] Figure 2 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 40. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, in opposite directions; the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 41. Figure 2As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 42 exhibits a unidirectional distribution. Based on the unidirectional current distribution at feeder line 42, Figure 2 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called the CM feed for a wire antenna. This is based on the fact that the current is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle position of the radiator. Figure 2 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the line antenna. Figure 2 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the CM mode of the linear antenna, respectively.

[0088] The current and electric field in CM mode of the line antenna are generated by the two stubs (e.g., two horizontal stubs) on either side of the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 as an antenna operating in quarter-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 and weak at both ends of the line antenna 40. The electric field is weak at the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 and strong at both ends of the line antenna 40.

[0089] 2. Differential mode (DM) of a linear antenna like Figure 3 Figure (a) shows the radiator of the line antenna connected to ground (e.g., a floor, which could be a PCB) via a feed wire 52. The following is the line antenna 50. The line antenna 50 is connected to a feed element (not shown) at a central position 51. The positive terminal of the feed element is connected to one side of the central position 51 via the feed wire 52, and the negative terminal of the feed element is connected to the other side of the central position 51 via the feed wire 52. The central position 51 can be the geometric center of the line antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator (or a region within a certain range near the aforementioned midpoint).

[0090] Figure 3 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 50. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current exhibits an asymmetrical distribution on both sides of the middle position 51, for example, a unidirectional distribution; the electric field exhibits a reverse distribution on both sides of the middle position 51. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 52 exhibits a reverse distribution. Based on the reverse current distribution at feeder line 52, Figure 3 The type of feeding shown in (a) can be called DM feeding for a wire antenna. This is based on the asymmetrical distribution of current on both sides of the middle position of the radiator. Figure 3 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the DM mode of the line antenna. Figure 3 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the DM mode of the wire antenna, respectively.

[0091] The current and electric field of the line antenna in DM mode are generated by the entire line antenna 50 operating in half-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and weak at both ends. The electric field is weak at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and strong at both ends.

[0092] It should be understood that Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna structures shown are for illustrative purposes only. The definitions of CM and DM modes can be extended to other antenna types, such as electric dipole antennas and slot antennas. This application does not impose any limitations on these types.

[0093] As electronic devices strive for miniaturization, especially with strict requirements on thickness, the antenna clearance within these devices has been significantly reduced, leading to increasingly limited layout space. Simultaneously, the emergence of new communication standards, such as the sub-6GHz band and dual low-frequency bands in 5G, necessitates the placement of more antennas within the terminal. Meanwhile, to prepare for the 5G era, various countries have successively announced the operating frequency bands for 5G mobile communication systems. The Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA), in its white paper released in June 2017, identified the 3300-4200 MHz band as the most likely to cover 5G usage in various countries. China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology also announced on its official website in June 2017 that it would use the 3300-3600MHz and 4800-5000MHz bands as the first phase of 5G usage in China, with the 3300-3400MHz band limited to indoor use. The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC), in February 2018, approved the 3700-4200MHz band for terrestrial mobile communications. Therefore, based on the aforementioned frequency band plans of various countries, which are mainly located in the 3300-4200MHz (N77 / N78) range, wideband 5G MIMO antennas could be designed for application in more countries.

[0094] This application provides a space-reuse broadband multi-antenna scheme that is easy to implement within the architecture of electronic devices and occupies a small area. The multiple antennas exhibit good isolation and low ECC within a relatively close spatial range, meeting the requirements of multi-antenna systems and providing a technical reference for antenna solutions in 5G electronic devices.

[0095] Figures 4 to 8 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. This antenna can be applied in electronic devices. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5This is the current path when the first power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 This is the current path when the second power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application along a first direction. Figure 8 This is a plan view of the back cover of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0096] like Figure 4 As shown, the antenna structure may include an antenna radiator 110, a first feed unit 120, and a second feed unit 130.

[0097] In one embodiment, the first feeding unit 120 can be coupled to one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110 to feed the antenna radiator 110. The second feeding unit 130 is coupled to a first position 112 of the antenna radiator 110 to feed the antenna radiator 110. The first position 112 can be located in the region of maximum current on the antenna radiator 110 when the first feeding unit 120 is feeding. The region of maximum current can be understood as a region with a large current on the first radiator, or as a certain region around the point of strongest current.

[0098] The antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 110, the first feed unit 120, and the second feed unit 130 includes a first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator 110 and the first feed unit 120, and a second antenna element formed by the antenna radiator 110 and the second feed unit 130. The first and second antenna elements can share the antenna radiator 110, effectively reducing the size of the antenna structure and allowing it to be used in the increasingly limited internal space of electronic devices. Simultaneously, when the first feed unit 120 feeds one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110, the first antenna element operates in DM mode. Since the feed point of the second feed unit 130 on the antenna radiator 110 is in the region of maximum current on the antenna radiator 110 when the first feed unit 120 is feeding, the second antenna element operates in CM mode when the second feed unit 130 is feeding, without affecting the DM mode of the first antenna element, thus achieving good isolation between the first and second antenna elements.

[0099] In one embodiment, the first position 112 can be a certain area around the midpoint of the length of the antenna radiator 110. For example, the lengths of the antenna radiators 110 on both sides of the first position 112 are equal. The equal lengths of the antenna radiators 110 on both sides of the first position 112 can be considered as equal electrical lengths. For example, electronic components can be connected to both sides of the antenna radiator 110 to change its electrical length while keeping the physical length of the antenna radiator 110 unchanged. Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical or geometric length) multiplied by the transmission time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium to the time required for this signal to travel a distance equal to the physical length of the medium in free space. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula: ; Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0100] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and electrical length can satisfy the following formula: ; Where L is the physical length. The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0101] It should be understood that one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110 can be considered as a distance from the endpoint on the antenna radiator 110, and should not be narrowly interpreted as necessarily being a point. For example, one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110 can be considered as the antenna radiator within a range of one-eighth of a first wavelength from the endpoint. The first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the first antenna element or the second antenna element in the antenna structure, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna element or the second antenna element, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point of the first antenna element or the second antenna element.

[0102] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may further include a first matching network 122 located between the first feed unit 120 and the antenna radiator 110. For example... Figure 5 As shown, when the first feeding unit 120 is fed, the first matching network 122 can generate an additional current path. Therefore, it can excite two operating modes. The multiple resonances generated can extend the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit and cover a wider communication frequency band, such as the N78 band (3.3~3.9GHz) in 5G.

[0103] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may further include a second matching network 132 located between the second feed element 130 and the antenna radiator 110. Figure 6As shown, when the second power supply unit 130 is powered, the second matching network 132 can generate an additional current path. Therefore, it can excite two operating modes. The multiple resonances generated can extend the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit and cover a wider communication frequency band, such as the N78 band (3.3~3.9GHz) in 5G.

[0104] It should be understood that Figures 4 to 6 The structures of the first matching network 122 and the second matching network 132 shown are for illustrative purposes only. In actual production or design, they can be adjusted according to factors such as the frequency band of the application. This application does not limit this.

[0105] Meanwhile, coupling connections can include indirect coupling and direct coupling. Indirect coupling is the opposite of direct coupling; it involves coupling without physical contact, where the two are not directly coupled. Direct coupling, on the other hand, involves direct electrical connection and feeding at the feed point to the radiator. When the first feed unit 120 feeds the antenna radiator using indirect coupling, the coupling connection between the first feed unit 120 and one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110 can be understood as the first feed unit 120 being indirectly coupled to the antenna radiator 110 via a metal component 121 within a certain area outside one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110. For direct coupling, the location of the electrical connection between the feed unit and the antenna radiator is a point or area, and the feed unit feeds at the electrical connection point or within the electrical connection area. For indirect coupling, the feed unit and the antenna radiator transmit electrical signals without physical contact within a certain area, and the feed unit feeds within this area.

[0106] In one embodiment, the first feeding unit 120 can be directly electrically connected (directly coupled) to one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110, directly feeding the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 110. The second feeding unit 130 can be directly electrically connected to the first position 112 of the antenna radiator 110, directly feeding the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 110, and can be adjusted according to the communication requirements of the electronic device and the internal space of the electronic device.

[0107] In one embodiment, the first feeding unit 120 can be connected to one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110 via an indirect coupling through a metal component 121, thus indirectly feeding the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 110. The second feeding unit 130 can also indirectly feed the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 110 via a metal component 131 in the same manner. Simultaneously, to achieve the indirect feeding structure, the antenna radiator 110 can be disposed on the inner surface of the back cover 21 of the electronic device (near the surface of the PCB 17) using a floating metal (FLM) process, such as... Figure 7 The diagram shows a partial cross-sectional view of the electronic device along a first direction. For simplicity, only the cross-section is used to illustrate the antenna structure and the structural relationship between the back cover 21 and the PCB 17. The first direction is perpendicular to the plane containing the back cover 21. It should be understood that perpendicular to the plane containing the back cover 21 can be interpreted as forming an angle of approximately 90° with the plane containing the back cover 21. The plane perpendicular to the back cover 21 is also equivalent to being perpendicular to the plane containing the screen, mid-frame, or motherboard of the electronic device. Metal components 121 and 131 can be disposed on the surface of the bracket 140, which can be disposed between the PCB 17 and the back cover 21 to support the metal components 121 and 131. The metal layer in the PCB 17 can serve as the ground plane (GND) in this embodiment. The ground plane can be the mid-frame or other metal layer of the electronic device. In this embodiment, a ground plane size of 140mm × 70mm is used as an example for illustration. This application does not impose limitations on this, and adjustments can be made based on the internal space of the electronic device.

[0108] In one embodiment, metal components 121 and 131 can be metal springs, and the first feeding unit 120 and the second feeding unit can indirectly couple the antenna structure through the metal springs. Alternatively, to achieve the indirect coupling feeding structure, metal components 121 and 131 can also be metal patches mounted on the PCB 17 of the electronic device. Since the distance between the metal patch and the gap increases after mounting the metal patch on the PCB 17, the coupling area can be increased accordingly, achieving the same effect. Alternatively, the antenna radiator 110 can be mounted on the outer surface of the rear cover 21 of the electronic device, and metal components 121 and 131 can be mounted on the inner surface.

[0109] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, this application embodiment is described with the antenna radiator 110 disposed on the inner surface of the rear cover 21 of the electronic device and the metal parts 121 and 131 disposed on the surface of the bracket 140 as an example. This application does not limit this, and it can also be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device. For example, the antenna radiator 110 can also be disposed on the upper surface of the bracket 140 and the metal parts 121 and 131 disposed on the lower surface of the bracket 140. Alternatively, the antenna radiator 110 can be disposed on the outer surface of the rear cover 21 of the electronic device and the metal parts 121 and 131 disposed on the inner surface of the rear cover 21.

[0110] In one embodiment, the distance H1 between the bracket 140 and the PCB 17 can be between 1mm and 5mm. This embodiment of the application takes a distance H1 of 2.7mm between the bracket 140 and the PCB 17 as an example for illustration. This application does not limit this, and it can also be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the distance H2 between the bracket 140 and the back cover 21 can be between 0.1mm and 1mm. This embodiment of the application takes a distance H2 of 0.3mm between the bracket 140 and the back cover 21 as an example for illustration. This application does not limit this, and it can also be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device.

[0111] like Figure 8 As shown in the planar schematic diagram of the back cover of the electronic device, the first projection 1211 and the second projection 1311 are the projections of the metal components 121 and 131 along the first direction onto the plane where the back cover 21 is located. The first feeding unit 120 is indirectly coupled to one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110 through the metal component 121 to feed the antenna structure. The first projection 1211 and the antenna radiator 110 may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap at all. Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna radiator 110 and the first projection 1211 do not overlap; that is, the first feeding unit 120 feeds the antenna structure by indirect coupling to the outside of one end 111 of the antenna radiator 110. The second feeding unit 130 is indirectly coupled to the first position of the antenna radiator 110 through a metal component 131 to feed the antenna structure. The second projection 1311 and the antenna radiator 110 may completely overlap or partially overlap. Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna radiator 110 and the second projection 1311 completely overlap. It should be understood that "perpendicular to the plane of the back cover" can be understood as being approximately 90° to the plane of the back cover. It should also be understood that "perpendicular to the plane of the back cover" is equivalent to being perpendicular to the plane of the electronic device's screen, frame, or motherboard.

[0112] In one embodiment, the antenna radiator 110 and the first projection 1211 may partially overlap, or completely overlap, depending on actual design or production needs. Similarly, the antenna radiator 110 and the second projection 1311 may also partially overlap.

[0113] In one embodiment, the length L1 of the antenna radiator 110 can be half the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna element or the second antenna element, or the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the resonant point. This embodiment of the application uses a length L1 of 30mm for the antenna radiator 110 as an example for illustration, but this application is not limited to this, and it can also be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device.

[0114] In one embodiment, the width L2 of the antenna radiator 110 can adjust the position of the resonant point of the antenna structure. This embodiment of the application takes the width L2 of the antenna radiator 110 as 5mm as an example for illustration. This application does not limit this, and it can also be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device.

[0115] In one embodiment, the overall length L3 of the antenna structure can be used to adjust the position of the resonant point of the antenna structure, i.e., to adjust the feeding position of the first feeding unit. When the projection of the first projection of the first feeding unit onto the back cover completely overlaps with the antenna radiator, the overall length L3 of the antenna structure is the same as the length L1 of the antenna radiator 110. This embodiment uses an overall length L3 of 35mm as an example for illustration, but this application does not impose limitations on this, and adjustments can be made according to the internal space of the electronic device.

[0116] Figures 9 to 11 yes Figure 4 The simulation results of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 9 yes Figure 4 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated. Figure 10 yes Figure 4 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and total efficiency of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Figure 11 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0117] like Figure 9 As shown, the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the first feed element, and the second antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the second feed element, can both cover the 3.3~4GHz frequency band. Furthermore, since the first antenna element and the second antenna element operate in DM mode and CM mode respectively, the isolation between the two antenna elements within the operating frequency band is greater than 10.5dB, and there is a high isolation point.

[0118] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the N78 frequency band in 5G is selected as the operating frequency band of the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment only for the sake of brevity. In actual production or design, the size and other parameters of the antenna structure can be changed so that the antenna structure can cover other frequency bands, such as other frequency bands in 5G, or it can cover the low frequency band (698MHz-960MHz), mid frequency band (1710MHz-2170MHz) and high frequency band (2300MHz-2690MHz) in LTE, or the 2.4 / 5GHz WiFi frequency band, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0119] like Figure 10 As shown, the system efficiency of both the first and second antenna elements in the 3.3~4GHz frequency band is greater than -3dB, and the radiation efficiency can also meet the communication requirements.

[0120] like Figure 11As shown, the ECC of both the first and second antenna elements is less than 0.1 in the 3.3~4GHz frequency band, which is suitable for application in MIMO systems.

[0121] Meanwhile, considering the proximity of electronic devices to the human body, the second antenna element in the antenna structure serves as the transmitting antenna, achieving a 10-specific absorption rate (SAR) of 2.261 W / kg at 3.45 GHz and 2.92 W / kg at 3.8 GHz. The antenna structure provided in this application embodiment can meet SAR legal and regulatory requirements while maintaining over-the-air (OTA) testing performance.

[0122] Figure 12 and Figure 13 yes Figure 4 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure shown is included. Figure 12 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit. Figure 13 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the second feeding unit.

[0123] like Figure 12 As shown, when the first feeding unit is powered, the first matching network generates two current paths, thus exciting two operating modes and generating two resonances. Figure 12 (a) and (b) in the diagram correspond to different current paths.

[0124] like Figure 13 As shown, when the second feeding unit is fed, since the second matching network generates two current paths, two operating modes can be excited, resulting in two resonances. Figure 13 (a) and (b) in the diagram correspond to different current paths.

[0125] It should be understood that, such as Figure 12 As shown, at 3.33 GHz and 3.75 GHz, the differential-mode current of the first antenna element is distributed across all branches of the antenna radiator. And as... Figure 13 As shown, at 3.39 GHz and 3.76 GHz, the common-mode current of the second antenna element is distributed on the right branch of the antenna radiator, while the current on the left branch is very weak. This is because the differential-mode current and common-mode current on the left branch are in opposite directions and cancel each other out. Therefore, the current coupling between the first and second feed elements can be effectively reduced, allowing the first and second antenna elements to maintain good isolation.

[0126] Figures 14 to 16 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. This antenna can be applied in electronic devices. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 15 This is the current path when the first power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 16 This is the current path when the second power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0127] like Figure 14 As shown, the antenna structure may include an antenna radiator 210, a first feed unit 220, and a second feed unit 230.

[0128] The antenna radiator 210 may include a horizontal stub 240 and a vertical stub 250, with one end of the horizontal stub 240 and the vertical stub 250 connected to form a T-shaped structure. A first feeding unit 220 may be coupled to one end 211 of the horizontal stub 240 to feed the antenna radiator 210. A second feeding unit 230 is coupled to a first position 212 of the horizontal stub 240 to feed the antenna radiator 210. The first position 212 may be located at the connection between the horizontal stub 240 and the vertical stub 250; for example, the area where the horizontal stub 240 and the vertical stub 250 are connected may cover the first position 212. The first position 212 may be located in the area of ​​maximum current on the antenna radiator 210 when the first feeding unit 220 is feeding the antenna radiator. Compared to... Figure 4 The antenna structure shown is as follows: Figure 14 The radiator of the antenna structure shown has added longitudinal branches. This should be understood. Figure 14 and Figure 4 The same or similar structures in the same text have the same or similar functions.

[0129] It should be understood that due to the increasingly compact internal space layout of electronic devices, the space left for the antenna structure may be insufficient. Therefore, the angle θ between the lateral branch 240 and the longitudinal branch 250 forming the T-shaped structure can be 90° or not. For example, the lateral branch 240 can be rotated in a plane around the first connection point 241, for example, θ can be between 30° and 150°. Alternatively, in some cases, the lateral branch 240 can be rotated in a curved surface around the first connection point 241. Alternatively, in some cases, the lateral branch 240 can be rotated in three dimensions around the first connection point 241, making the antenna radiator a staircase structure. This application does not limit this and can adjust it according to the internal space layout of the electronic device.

[0130] In one embodiment, the lateral branch 240 and the longitudinal branch 250 can be linear radiators, for example, they can be straight or broken, and can be adjusted according to the internal spatial layout of the electronic device.

[0131] In one embodiment, the distance D1 between the first connection point 241 and the first endpoint 242 of the lateral branch 240 is the same as the length D2 of the longitudinal branch 250. The first connection point 241 is the connection point of the lateral branch 240 and the longitudinal branch 250 that is furthest from the first feed unit 220. The first endpoint 242 is the endpoint of the lateral branch 240 that is furthest from the first feed unit 220.

[0132] In one embodiment, the lengths of the transverse branches 240 on both sides of the first position 212 are equal. For example, the first position 212 may be a certain area around the midpoint of the length of the transverse branches 240.

[0133] In one embodiment, the first feeding unit 220 can be directly coupled to one end 211 of the lateral stub 240 to directly feed the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 210. The second feeding unit 230 can be directly coupled to the first position 212 of the lateral stub 240 to directly feed the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 210.

[0134] In one embodiment, the first feed unit 220 can be indirectly coupled to one end 211 of the lateral stub 240 via a metal component 221, thereby indirectly feeding the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 210. The second feed unit 230 can also be indirectly fed to the antenna structure formed by the antenna radiator 210 via a metal component 231 in the same way.

[0135] like Figure 15 As shown, since the antenna radiator 210 is composed of a transverse stub 240 and a longitudinal stub 250, when the first feed unit 220 is fed, two current paths can be generated on the antenna radiator 210. Therefore, two operating modes can be excited. In one operating mode, the current resonates along the transverse stub 240, and in the other operating mode, the current resonates along the left stub of the transverse stub 240 and the longitudinal stub 250. This can extend the operating frequency band of the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator 210 and the first feed unit 220, and can cover a wider communication frequency band, such as the N78 band (3.3~3.9GHz) in 5G.

[0136] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may further include a matching network 232 located between the second feed unit 230 and the metal component 231. Figure 16As shown, when the second feeding unit 230 is fed, the matching network 232 can generate an additional current path, thus exciting two operating modes. In these two operating modes, the current can resonate along the right side of the longitudinal stub 250 and the transverse stub 240. The multiple resonances generated can extend the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit formed by the antenna radiator 210 and the second feeding unit 230, and can cover a wider communication frequency band, such as the N78 band (3.3~3.9GHz) in 5G.

[0137] In one embodiment, the length of the lateral stub 240 can be half the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band. The wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first antenna element or the second antenna element, or the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the resonant point. This application uses a length of 32mm for the lateral stub 240 as an example for illustration, but this application is not limited to this, and it can also be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device.

[0138] In one embodiment, the widths of the horizontal stub 240 and the vertical stub 250 can adjust the position of the resonant point of the antenna structure. The widths of the horizontal stub 240 and the vertical stub 250 can be the same or different. This embodiment uses a width of 5mm for both the horizontal stub 240 and the vertical stub 250 as an example. In this embodiment, the distance D1 between the first connection point 241 and the first endpoint 242 of the horizontal stub 240 is the same as the length D2 of the vertical stub 250. This embodiment uses D1=D2=13.5mm as an example. This application does not impose any limitations on this, and the widths can also be adjusted according to the internal space of the electronic device.

[0139] In one embodiment, the overall length of the antenna structure can be adjusted by changing the position of the resonant point of the antenna structure, i.e., adjusting the feeding position of the first feeding unit. When the projection of the first projection of the first feeding unit onto the back cover completely overlaps with the lateral branch, the overall length of the antenna structure is the same as the length of the lateral branch. This application uses an overall antenna structure length of 36mm as an example for illustration, but this application does not impose limitations on this, and adjustments can be made according to the internal space of the electronic device.

[0140] Figures 17 to 19 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 17 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated. Figure 18 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Figure 19 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0141] like Figure 17 As shown, the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the first feed element, and the second antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the second feed element, can both cover the 3.3~3.8GHz frequency band. Furthermore, since the first antenna element and the second antenna element operate in DM mode and CM mode respectively, the isolation between the two antenna elements within the operating frequency band is greater than 16.8dB, and they have two high isolation points.

[0142] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the N78 frequency band in 5G is selected as the operating frequency band of the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment only for the sake of brevity. In actual production or design, the size and other parameters of the antenna structure can be changed so that the antenna structure can cover other frequency bands, such as other frequency bands in 5G, or it can cover the low frequency band (698MHz-960MHz), mid frequency band (1710MHz-2170MHz) and high frequency band (2300MHz-2690MHz) in LTE, or the 2.4 / 5GHz WiFi frequency band, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0143] like Figure 18 As shown, the system efficiency of both the first and second antenna elements in the 3.3~3.8GHz frequency band is greater than -3dB, and the radiation efficiency can also meet the communication requirements.

[0144] like Figure 19 As shown, the ECC of both the first and second antenna elements is less than 0.1 in the 3.3~3.8GHz frequency band, which is suitable for application in MIMO systems.

[0145] Meanwhile, considering the proximity of electronic devices to the human body, the second antenna element in the antenna structure, used as the transmitting antenna, achieves a 10-SAR of 1.762 W / kg at 3.35 GHz and 1.99 W / kg at 3.65 GHz. This is because the electric field of the second antenna element operating in CM mode is symmetrically distributed (in the same direction) on both sides of the antenna radiator, while the magnetic field is antisymmetrically distributed (in opposite directions). Therefore, the magnetic fields at the center position (first position) of the antenna radiator cancel each other out, making it a zero point. Hence, the second antenna element exhibits low SAR characteristics. The antenna structure provided in this application embodiment can meet the legal and regulatory requirements for SAR while still maintaining the antenna's OTA performance.

[0146] Figure 20 yes Figure 14 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0147] It should be understood that Figure 14 The antenna structure shown is compared to Figure 4The antenna structure shown has added longitudinal stubs, when Figure 14 The antenna structure shown and Figure 4 The antenna structure shown adds a matching network at the second feed element, but does not add a matching network at the first feed element. Figure 14 The antenna structure shown and Figure 4 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are as follows: Figure 20 As shown.

[0148] By adding a longitudinal stub to the radiator of the antenna structure, another current path is added, allowing the antenna structure to re-excite a mode at high frequencies, such as... Figure 20 As shown, the resonance generated by the two modes extends the bandwidth of the antenna structure, which can cover, for example, the N78 band in 5G.

[0149] At the same time, adding longitudinal stubs to the radiator of the antenna structure can increase the isolation at high frequencies, such as... Figure 20 As shown, this effectively improves the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element within the operating frequency band.

[0150] Figure 21 and Figure 22 yes Figure 14 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure shown is included. Figure 21 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit. Figure 22 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the second feeding unit.

[0151] like Figure 21 As shown, when the first feeding unit is powered, since the antenna radiator includes both lateral and longitudinal stubs, two current paths can be generated, corresponding to two operating modes and generating two resonances. Figure 21 (a) and (b) in the diagram correspond to different current paths.

[0152] like Figure 22 As shown, when the second feeding unit is fed, the matching network generates two current paths, thus exciting two operating modes and generating two resonances. Figure 22 (a) and (b) in the diagram correspond to different current paths.

[0153] It should be understood that, such as Figure 21As shown, at 3.48 GHz, the differential-mode current of the first antenna element is mainly distributed on the transverse stubs. However, at 3.76 GHz, the differential-mode current of the first antenna element is mainly distributed on the longitudinal stubs. Therefore, the two resonances generated by the first antenna element are jointly achieved by the transverse and longitudinal stubs. Figure 22 As shown, at 3.45 GHz and 3.73 GHz, the common-mode current of the second antenna element is distributed on the right branch of the lateral stub, while the current on the left branch of the lateral stub is very weak. This is because the differential-mode current and common-mode current on the left branch of the lateral stub have opposite directions and cancel each other out. Therefore, the current coupling between the first and second feed elements can be effectively reduced, allowing the first and second antenna elements to maintain good isolation.

[0154] Figure 23 and Figure 24 yes Figure 14 The figure shows the S-parameter simulation results of the length variations of the right-side branch and the longitudinal branch in the transverse branch of the antenna structure. Figure 23 yes Figure 14 The figure shows the S-parameter simulation results of the length variation of the right stalk of the transverse stalk in the antenna structure shown. Figure 24 yes Figure 14 The figure shows the S-parameter simulation results of the longitudinal stub length variation in the antenna structure.

[0155] like Figure 23 As shown, adjust the length of the right branch of the horizontal branch, that is... Figure 14 In the antenna structure shown, D1 can effectively control the position of the high isolation point 1, but the position of the high isolation point 2 is basically different from the resonant frequency of the second antenna element.

[0156] like Figure 24 As shown, adjust the length of the longitudinal branches, that is Figure 14 In the antenna structure shown, D2 can effectively control the position of the high isolation point 2 and the resonant frequency of the second antenna element, but the position of the high isolation point 1 remains basically different.

[0157] It should be understood that the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment can independently adjust the lengths of the lateral and longitudinal branches to control the positions of the isolation high point 1 and the isolation high point 2.

[0158] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0159] like Figure 25 As shown, in Figure 14 Based on the antenna structure shown, the antenna structure may further include a matching network 222 located between the first feed unit 220 and the metal component 221, with the remaining structure similar to... Figure 14 The antenna structures shown are identical or similar. It should be understood that... Figure 25 and Figure 14 The same or similar structures in the same text have the same or similar functions.

[0160] like Figure 26 As shown, when the first feeding unit 220 is fed, the matching network 222 can generate an additional current path. Since the T-shaped antenna radiator can bring two current paths, the antenna structure can excite three operating modes. The multiple resonances generated can extend the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit formed by the first feeding unit 220, and can cover a wider communication frequency band.

[0161] Figures 27 to 29 yes Figure 25 The simulation results of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 27 yes Figure 25 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated. Figure 28 yes Figure 25 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Figure 29 yes Figure 25 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0162] like Figure 27 As shown, the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the first feed element, and the second antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the second feed element, can both cover the 3.3~4.2GHz frequency band. Within the operating frequency band, the isolation between the two antenna elements is greater than 10.7dB, and there are two high isolation points.

[0163] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the N77 frequency band in 5G is selected as the operating frequency band of the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment only for the sake of brevity. In actual production or design, the size and other parameters of the antenna structure can be changed so that the antenna structure can cover other frequency bands, such as other frequency bands in 5G, or it can cover the low frequency band (698MHz-960MHz), mid frequency band (1710MHz-2170MHz), and high frequency band (2300MHz-2690MHz) in LTE, or the 2.4 / 5GHz WiFi frequency band, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0164] like Figure 28 As shown, the system efficiency of the first antenna element is greater than -3dB in the 3.27~4.35GHz frequency band, and the system efficiency of the second antenna element is greater than -4dB in the 3.31~4.23GHz frequency band, which meets the requirements of practical applications, and the radiation efficiency can also meet the communication needs.

[0165] like Figure 29As shown, the ECC of both the first and second antenna elements is less than 0.12 in the 3.3~4.2GHz frequency band, which is suitable for application in MIMO systems.

[0166] Figures 30 to 32 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application. This antenna can be applied in electronic devices. Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 31 This is the current path when the second power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 32 This is the current path when the first power supply unit is powered, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0167] It should be understood that, compared to Figure 14 The antenna structure shown is Figure 30 The antenna structure shown adjusts the length of the longitudinal stub 350 so that the distance D1 between the first connection point 341 and the first end point 342 of the transverse stub 340 is less than the length D2 of the longitudinal stub 350. This embodiment uses D1=13.5mm and D2=15mm as an example for illustration, but this application does not impose limitations and adjustments can be made according to the internal space of the electronic device. The remaining structures are similar to... Figure 14 The antenna structures shown are identical or similar. It should be understood that... Figure 30 and Figure 14 The same or similar structures in the same text have the same or similar functions.

[0168] like Figure 31 As shown, when D2>D1, when the second feeding unit 330 is fed, two current paths can be generated on the antenna radiator 310. Therefore, two operating modes can be excited, which can extend the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit formed by the antenna radiator 310 and the second feeding unit 330, and can cover a wider communication frequency band.

[0169] In one embodiment, when D2 > D1, only one current path can be generated on the antenna radiator 310 when the first feed unit 320 is fed. Therefore, the antenna structure may further include a matching network 322 located between the first feed unit 320 and the metal component 321, which can be used to extend the operating frequency band of the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator 310 and the first feed unit 320. Figure 32 As shown, when the first feeding unit 320 is fed, the matching network 322 can generate an additional current path. Therefore, it can excite two operating modes. The multiple resonances generated can extend the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit formed by the antenna radiator 310 and the first feeding unit 320, and can cover a wider communication frequency band.

[0170] Figures 33 to 35 yes Figure 30The simulation results of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 33 yes Figure 30 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated. Figure 34 yes Figure 30 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure. Figure 35 yes Figure 30 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0171] like Figure 33 As shown, the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the first feed unit and the second antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the second feed unit can both cover the 3.3~3.9GHz frequency band. Within the operating frequency band, the isolation between the two antenna elements is greater than 13.7dB, and there are two high isolation points.

[0172] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the N78 frequency band in 5G is selected as the operating frequency band of the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment only for the sake of brevity. In actual production or design, the size and other parameters of the antenna structure can be changed so that the antenna structure can cover other frequency bands, such as other frequency bands in 5G, or it can cover the low frequency band (698MHz-960MHz), mid frequency band (1710MHz-2170MHz) and high frequency band (2300MHz-2690MHz) in LTE, or the 2.4 / 5GHz WiFi frequency band, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0173] like Figure 34 As shown, the system efficiency of both the first and second antenna elements in the 3.3~3.9GHz frequency band is greater than -3dB, and the radiation efficiency can also meet the communication requirements.

[0174] like Figure 35 As shown, the ECC of both the first and second antenna elements is less than 0.1 in the 3.3~3.9GHz frequency band, which is suitable for application in MIMO systems.

[0175] Figure 36 yes Figure 30 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated.

[0176] It should be understood that Figure 30 The antenna structure shown is compared to Figure 4 The antenna structure shown has added longitudinal stubs, when Figure 30 The antenna structure shown and Figure 4 The antenna structure shown adds a matching network at the first feed element, but does not add a matching network at the second feed element. Figure 30 The antenna structure shown and Figure 4 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are as follows: Figure 36 As shown.

[0177] By adding a longitudinal stub to the radiator of the antenna structure, another current path is added, allowing the antenna structure to re-excite a mode at low frequencies, such as... Figure 36 As shown, the resonance generated by the two modes extends the bandwidth of the antenna structure, which can cover, for example, the N78 band in 5G.

[0178] Meanwhile, by adding a longitudinal stub to the radiator of the antenna structure, a high isolation point (high isolation point 2) can be added at low frequencies, such as... Figure 36 As shown, this effectively improves the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element within the operating frequency band.

[0179] Figure 37 and Figure 38 yes Figure 30 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure shown is included. Figure 37 yes Figure 30 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the first feeding unit. Figure 38 yes Figure 30 The diagram shows the current distribution of the antenna structure when fed by the second feeding unit.

[0180] like Figure 37 As shown, when the first feeding unit is powered, the matching network generates two current paths, which in turn can excite two operating modes and produce two resonances. Figure 37 (a) and (b) in the diagram correspond to different current paths.

[0181] like Figure 38 As shown, when the second feeding unit is fed, since the antenna radiator includes both lateral and longitudinal stubs, two operating modes can be excited, generating two resonances. Figure 38 (a) and (b) in the diagram correspond to different current paths.

[0182] It should be understood that, such as Figure 37 As shown, at 3.42 GHz and 3.78 GHz, the differential-mode current of the first antenna element is mainly distributed on the transverse stubs. Therefore, the two resonances generated by the first antenna element are accomplished by the transverse stubs. And as... Figure 38As shown, at 3.47 GHz, the common-mode current of the second antenna element is distributed on the right branch of the longitudinal stub. At 3.74 GHz, the common-mode current of the second antenna element is distributed on the right branch of the transverse stub. Furthermore, at both frequencies, the current on the left branch of the transverse stub is very weak. This is because the differential-mode current and common-mode current on the left branch of the transverse stub have opposite directions and cancel each other out. Therefore, the current coupling between the first and second feed elements can be effectively reduced, allowing the first and second antenna elements to maintain good isolation.

[0183] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0184] like Figure 39 As shown, in Figure 30 Based on the antenna structure shown, the antenna structure may further include a matching network 332 located between the second feed unit 330 and the metal component 331, with the remaining structure similar to... Figure 30 The antenna structures shown are identical or similar. This should be understood. Figure 39 and Figure 30 The same or similar structures in the same text have the same or similar functions.

[0185] like Figure 40 As shown, when the second feeding unit 330 is fed, the matching network 332 can generate an additional current path. Since the T-shaped antenna radiator can provide two current paths, the antenna structure can excite three operating modes. The multiple resonances generated can extend the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit formed by the second feeding unit 330, and can cover a wider communication frequency band, such as the N77 band in 5G.

[0186] Figures 41 to 43 yes Figure 39 The simulation results of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 41 yes Figure 39 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated. Figure 42 yes Figure 39 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure shown are presented in the figure. Figure 43 yes Figure 39 The diagram shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure.

[0187] like Figure 41 As shown, the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the first feed element, and the second antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the second feed element, can both cover the 3.3~4.2GHz frequency band. Within the operating frequency band, the isolation between the two antenna elements is greater than 10.8dB, and there are two points of high isolation.

[0188] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the N77 frequency band in 5G is selected as the operating frequency band of the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment only for the sake of brevity. In actual production or design, the size and other parameters of the antenna structure can be changed so that the antenna structure can cover other frequency bands, such as other frequency bands in 5G, or it can cover the low frequency band (698MHz-960MHz), mid frequency band (1710MHz-2170MHz), and high frequency band (2300MHz-2690MHz) in LTE, or the 2.4 / 5GHz WiFi frequency band, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0189] like Figure 42 As shown, the system efficiency of the first antenna element in the 3.3~4.2GHz frequency band is greater than -4.5dB, and the system efficiency of the second antenna element in the 3.287~4.24GHz frequency band is greater than -3.5dB, which meets the requirements of practical applications, and the radiation efficiency can also meet the communication needs.

[0190] like Figure 43 As shown, the ECC of both the first and second antenna elements is less than 0.13 in the 3.3~4.2GHz frequency band, which is suitable for application in MIMO systems.

[0191] Figure 44 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0192] like Figure 44 As shown, in Figure 14 Based on the antenna structure shown, in order to further reduce the space occupied by the antenna structure inside the electronic device, the branches in the antenna radiator 410 are bent, and the remaining structure is the same as... Figure 14 The antenna structures shown are identical or similar. It should be understood that... Figure 44 and Figure 14 The same or similar structures in the same text have the same or similar functions.

[0193] In one embodiment, the end of the longitudinal branch 450 away from the transverse branch 440 can be bent. The bending can be done in a two-dimensional plane (the plane where the transverse branch is located), or it can be bent in three-dimensional space, for example, in the direction of the back cover or the screen. The choice can be made according to the actual layout inside the electronic device.

[0194] Figure 45 and Figure 46 yes Figure 44 The simulation results of the antenna structure are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 45 yes Figure 44 The simulation results of the S-parameters of the antenna structure shown are illustrated. Figure 46 yes Figure 44The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown in the figure.

[0195] like Figure 45 As shown, after the end of the longitudinal branch away from the transverse branch is bent, the operating frequency band of the first antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the first feed element, and the second antenna element formed by the antenna radiator and the second feed element, can still cover the 3.3~3.9GHz frequency band. Within the operating frequency band, the isolation between the two antenna elements is greater than 14dB, and there are two high isolation points.

[0196] like Figure 46 As shown, the system efficiency of both the first and second antenna elements in the 3.3~3.9GHz frequency band is greater than -2.5dB, which meets the requirements of practical applications, and the radiation efficiency can also meet the communication needs.

[0197] Figures 47 to 51 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0198] It should be understood that the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment is simple in structure and small in size, and can be used as a sub-unit in a MIMO system. For the sake of brevity, only [the following is used] Figure 4 The antenna structure shown is an example of a sub-unit in a MIMO system. The sub-unit in a MIMO system can also be any of the antenna structures described in the above embodiments.

[0199] In the antenna array of a MIMO system, sub-units can be arranged sequentially at intervals to form an array. The radiators of each sub-unit are arranged with their ends spaced apart. For example, the first end of the lateral branch of the first sub-unit is close to the second end of the lateral branch of the second sub-unit, and the first end of the lateral branch of the first sub-unit is far from the first end of the lateral branch of the second sub-unit. The first sub-unit and the second sub-unit are any two adjacent sub-units in the antenna array of the MIMO system.

[0200] In one embodiment, the sub-units can be arranged in a triangular pattern, such as... Figure 47 As shown, or, alternatively, they can be distributed in a square, such as... Figure 48 As shown, or, alternatively, they can be arranged in a polygonal pattern, such as... Figure 49 and 50 As shown, or, it can also be circular, such as Figure 51As shown. Since the antenna structure provided in this application embodiment shares the same radiator between two antenna elements, when multiple sub-units in the antenna array are distributed in an N-sided shape, the corresponding number of antennas is 2N (N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2). For example, if 3 sub-units are arranged in a triangular shape, the number of antennas that can be configured is 6; if 4 sub-units are arranged in a quadrilateral shape, the number of antennas that can be configured is 8; and if multiple sub-units are arranged in a hexagonal shape, the number of antennas is 12. Among these, N antennas can be used as transmitting antennas, and N antennas can be used as receiving antennas to improve the transmission rate of electronic devices.

[0201] In one embodiment, the electronic device may further include a decoupling element, which may be disposed in the antenna array of the MIMO system, located between the radiators of any two sub-units, but not connected to the sub-unit branches, and forming a gap between the radiators of the sub-units. The gap may be used to adjust the amount of coupling between the radiators of any two sub-units, may be used to enable the antenna array to have multiple isolation high points in the operating frequency band, and may improve the near-field current coupling between multiple sub-units.

[0202] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0203] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: An antenna structure, comprising: a radiator, a first metal component, a second metal component, a first feeding unit, and a second feeding unit; The radiator includes a first branch, the first feeding unit is electrically connected to the first metal component, and the first metal component indirectly couples the radiator with power at the first end of the first branch; The second power supply unit is electrically connected to the second metal component, and the second metal component indirectly couples power to the radiator at the first position of the first branch; The first position is located in the middle of the first branch, and the middle position includes the midpoint of the first branch; The overall length L3 of the antenna structure is greater than the length L1 of the first stub.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first position is located in the region of maximum current on the first branch when the first power supply unit is powered and the second power supply unit is not powered.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first power supply unit is supplying power, the current on the first branch is distributed in the same direction; When the second power supply unit supplies power, the current on the first branch is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the first position.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The length L1 of the first stub is half the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band; Wherein, the radiator and the first feeding unit form a first antenna unit, the radiator and the second feeding unit form a second antenna unit, and the operating frequency band is the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit or the second antenna unit.

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first metal component does not overlap with the first branch along a first direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first branch is located.

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes: First matching network; The first matching network is disposed between the first power supply unit and the first metal component, and the first matching network is used to generate the first resonance and the second resonance.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes: Second matching network; The second matching network is disposed between the second power supply unit and the second metal component, and the second matching network is used to generate the third resonance and the fourth resonance.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that, At the resonant point of the third resonance or the resonant point of the fourth resonance, the current intensity on the first branch on the first side of the first position is lower than the current intensity on the first branch on the second side of the first position.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator further includes a second branch, one end of which is connected to the first branch. The radiator has a T-shaped structure, and the first position is located at the connection between the first branch and the second branch.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The distance between the first connection point and the first endpoint of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the second branch; Wherein, the first connection point is the connection point of the first branch and the second branch that is far away from the first power supply unit, and the first end point of the first branch is the end point of the first branch that is far away from the first power supply unit.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The end of the second branch furthest from the first branch is bent.

12. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes: a back cover and a bracket; The first metal component and the second metal component are disposed on the surface of the bracket; The radiator is disposed on the surface of the rear cover.

13. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna element formed by the first feeding unit and the second antenna element formed by the second feeding unit operate in the same frequency band.

14. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna element formed by the first feeding unit operates in a frequency band covering 3.3~3.8GHz; The second antenna unit formed by the second power supply unit operates in a frequency band covering 3.3~3.8GHz.

15. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic device includes an antenna array formed by a plurality of said radiators spaced apart in sequence and at least one decoupling element; In two adjacent radiators among the plurality of radiators, the first end of the first branch of one radiator is close to the second end of the first branch of the other radiator; The at least one decoupling element is not directly connected to the plurality of radiators, and the corresponding decoupling element in the at least one decoupling element is disposed between the two adjacent radiators.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The distribution of the multiple radiators is triangular, circular, or polygonal.

17. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that, Each radiator in the antenna array forms a sub-unit that operates in the same frequency band.

18. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that, A gap is formed between the two adjacent radiators and the corresponding decoupling element, and the coupling degree between the two adjacent radiators is related to the size of the gap.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The decoupling element is used to enable the antenna array to have multiple isolation high points within the operating frequency band.

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