A method, apparatus, and medium for correcting atmospheric refraction effects on visual measurements

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of atmospheric refraction effect measurement, and specifically discloses a method, device and medium for correcting atmospheric refraction effect in visual measurement, comprising: obtaining, by an image acquisition device, a first image and a second image of a two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of an object to be measured in sequence; calculating the magnification factor of the moire fringe period of the second image relative to the first image; calculating the refraction angle of the second image relative to the first image according to the magnification factor; calculating the refraction displacement according to the refraction angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern, and correcting the atmospheric refraction effect in visual measurement by using the refraction displacement. The present application can directly, accurately and efficiently obtain the atmospheric refraction angle, and then correct the refraction of the target object, without the need for additional reference objects to correct the refraction effect, and is more efficient, accurate and flexible compared to the traditional correction method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atmospheric refractive effect measurement, and more particularly to a method, apparatus, and medium for correcting visual measurements of atmospheric refractive effects. Background Technology

[0002] In outdoor visual measurement experiments, uneven distribution of meteorological conditions (temperature, humidity, air pressure, temperature gradient, etc.) along the light propagation path causes light refraction, leading to refractive errors in the measurement. When the measurement distance is long, failure to correct the visual measurement results will result in significant measurement errors.

[0003] Existing calibration techniques typically employ total stations to correct refractive effects. However, the refractive angle measured by a total station is not suitable for visual measurement because total stations use infrared light for measurement, and infrared light exhibits a relatively small refractive effect when propagating through air. In visual measurement imaging, the photosensitive element detects the intensity of natural light to acquire an image, and the refractive effect of natural light is more pronounced than that of infrared light. Therefore, calibration using a total station still carries a certain degree of error.

[0004] Correcting atmospheric refraction by manually measuring the displacement of markers before and after refraction is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also subject to unavoidable errors from manual operation, limited by the testing environment, and slow in obtaining measurement and calculation results. In conclusion, there is currently no highly efficient and accurate method for correcting atmospheric refraction effects in outdoor visual measurement experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problem of difficulty in quickly and accurately calibrating atmospheric refractive effects in existing visual measurements, this invention provides a method, device, and medium for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements.

[0006] This invention provides a method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements, comprising:

[0007] Using an image acquisition device, a first image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object under test and a second image of the pattern are obtained sequentially.

[0008] Calculate the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image;

[0009] Calculate the refraction angle based on the magnification factor.

[0010] Based on the refraction angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern, the refraction displacement is calculated, and the refraction displacement is used to correct the atmospheric refraction effect in visual measurements.

[0011] Preferably, the step of sequentially obtaining a first image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object to be tested and a second image thereof specifically involves:

[0012] Generate grating patterns according to a preset grating period;

[0013] The grating pattern is printed into a grating plate and fixed to the outer surface of the object to be monitored;

[0014] The first image and the second image, including the grating plate, were acquired sequentially using an image acquisition device.

[0015] Preferably, the calculation of the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image specifically involves:

[0016] The first moiré fringe of the first image and the second moiré fringe of the second image were obtained by phase shifting method.

[0017] The first phase distribution of the first moiré fringe and the second phase distribution of the second moiré fringe are calculated using the discrete Fourier transform:

[0018] The moiré fringe period T of the first image is calculated based on the first phase distribution, and the moiré fringe period T of the second image is calculated based on the second phase distribution. 折光后 ;

[0019] The magnification factor n = T of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image 折光后 / T.

[0020] Preferably, the step of calculating the refractive displacement based on the refractive angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern, and using the refractive displacement to correct for atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements, specifically involves:

[0021] Calculate the grating period magnification m using Equation 8:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, T is the moiré fringe period, P is the grating period, and P k The sampling interval is m, where m is the periodic magnification of the grating pattern and n is the periodic magnification of the moiré fringe.

[0024] The refraction angle β is solved iteratively using equation (13):

[0025]

[0026] in: l is the vertical distance from the midpoint of the grating period measurement segment to the principal point; v is the principal distance; β is the refraction angle; Δγ is the angle between the lines connecting the two ends of the grating period measurement segment and the principal point.

[0027] Through formula (16):

[0028] δ=uβ (16)

[0029] The refractive displacement δ is calculated and used to correct the position of the grating pattern, thereby achieving the correction of the refractive displacement.

[0030] Preferably, the step of sequentially acquiring a first image and a second image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object under test using an image acquisition device specifically involves:

[0031] Using an image acquisition device, a first image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object under test and a subsequent sequence of images are obtained sequentially, wherein the sequence of images are multiple images taken at intervals after the first image is captured.

[0032] Each frame in the image sequence is used as the second image in turn.

[0033] The present invention also provides a device for correcting the atmospheric refractive effect of visual measurements, comprising: an acquisition module, a first calculation module, a second calculation module, and a correction module;

[0034] The acquisition module is used to sequentially acquire a first image and a second image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object to be measured through an image acquisition device.

[0035] The first calculation module is used to calculate the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image;

[0036] The second calculation module is used to calculate the refraction angle based on the magnification factor;

[0037] The correction module is used to calculate the refractive displacement based on the refractive angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern, and to use the refractive displacement to correct the atmospheric refractive effect of the visual measurement.

[0038] The present invention provides a terminal device, including a processor and a storage device, the storage device being used to store one or more programs; when the one or more programs are executed by the processor, the processor implements the above-described method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements.

[0039] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the above-described method for correcting the atmospheric refractive effect of visual measurements.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0041] By photographing a two-dimensional grating pattern and calculating the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the grating before and after refraction, the atmospheric refraction angle can be obtained directly, accurately, and efficiently. This allows for refraction correction of the target object without the need for additional reference objects, making it more efficient, accurate, and flexible than traditional correction methods. It can be used in various monitoring scenarios affected by refraction effects, such as monitoring under complex weather conditions, long distances, and long durations, enabling real-time correction of atmospheric refraction effects. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the refractive effect principle of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a two-dimensional grating pattern obtained according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Grayscale distribution image after grayscale interpolation;

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the results after downsampling;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the moiré fringes obtained through interpolation;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a phase distribution diagram of moiré fringes according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of camera intrinsic parameters during the calibration process according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] See Figure 1 As one embodiment of the present invention, a method for correcting the atmospheric refractive effect in visual measurements is disclosed, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. Using an image acquisition device, obtain the first image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object to be measured and the second image thereafter.

[0054] S2. Calculate the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image;

[0055] S3. Calculate the refractive angle of the second image relative to the first image based on the magnification factor;

[0056] S4. Based on the refraction angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern, calculate the refraction displacement, and use the refraction displacement to correct the atmospheric refraction effect in visual measurements.

[0057] The size of the two-dimensional grating pattern in this embodiment can be determined according to the camera's resolution, focal length, and observation distance. The two-dimensional grating pattern is printed into a grating plate and pasted onto the outer surface of the object to be monitored, or the two-dimensional grating pattern is directly printed onto the outer surface of the object to be monitored.

[0058] The minimum size of the two-dimensional grating pattern is calculated based on the image acquisition device and its distance from the object to be monitored. It is necessary to ensure that the image acquisition device can acquire an image with the minimum pixel requirement, and that the number of pixels within one grating period on the image plane is greater than 5, in order to obtain accurate grating parameters. In this embodiment, the image acquisition device can be a digital camera, a digital camera, or a dedicated digital image measuring device, etc.

[0059] This embodiment obtains a two-dimensional grating pattern and calculates the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the grating before and after refraction. This allows for the direct, accurate, and efficient acquisition of the atmospheric refraction angle, enabling refraction correction of the target object without the need for additional reference objects. Compared to traditional correction methods, this is more efficient, accurate, and flexible. It can be used for atmospheric refraction correction in deformation monitoring scenarios involving complex weather conditions, long distances, and long durations.

[0060] See Figures 2 to 8 As another embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is used to continuously correct atmospheric refraction errors in infrastructure deformation monitoring over a continuous period of time. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0061] A1, generated as follows Figure 3 The grating pattern shown has a certain grating period. The grating pattern is printed into a grating plate and pasted or hung on the outer surface of the object to be monitored. The distance from the image acquisition device to the grating plate is measured. The image acquisition device sequentially acquires a first image containing the grating plate and a series of subsequent images. The series of images are multiple images taken at intervals after the first image is captured.

[0062] A2. Take each frame in the sequence of images as the second image in turn, analyze the grating images captured in the first and second images respectively, obtain the parameters of each grating image, and calculate the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the grating images before and after refraction.

[0063] A3. Calculate the magnification factor n of the moiré fringe period before and after grating refraction;

[0064] n = T 折光后 / T (4)

[0065] Among them, T 折光后 T is the period of the moiré fringe of the second image, and T is the period of the moiré fringe of the first image;

[0066] A4. Calculate the refractive correction parameters for each frame of the sequence image based on the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period, and use them to perform refractive displacement correction on each frame of the sequence image.

[0067] In step A2, the moiré fringe period of the grating before and after refraction is calculated, which is done in the following steps:

[0068] A21. Perform grayscale interpolation on the raster image with an interpolation precision of 1 / N pixels to obtain the following: Figure 4 The grayscale distribution image shown is shown; where N is a positive integer, and the grayscale interpolation method is any one of spline interpolation, linear interpolation, or quadratic interpolation;

[0069] A22. Set the sampling interval P k The value is close to the raster period, with an accuracy of 1 / N pixels; the grayscale distribution image is downsampled to obtain, as shown below. Figure 5 The results are shown in the diagram.

[0070] A23. Perform a second interpolation on the result diagram, and obtain the interpolated moiré fringe grayscale distribution I using equation (1). m (i; k), generate as follows Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic of the moiré fringes.

[0071]

[0072] Wherein: the second interpolation method adopts any one of linear interpolation, polynomial interpolation, cubic interpolation, or spline interpolation, k is the index of the moiré fringe, k = 0, 1 / N...i / N, ..., (N-1) / N, 1...P k -1; i = 1, 2, ... (N-1); It is the initial phase. P represents the phase value of the moiré fringes. k It is the sampling interval, P tIt is the pattern period, m is the number of frames the camera takes to capture the second image, and I a (i) represents the fluctuating grayscale, I b (i) represents the background grayscale;

[0073] A24. The formula for calculating the phase distribution of moiré fringes using the discrete Fourier transform is shown in equation (2):

[0074]

[0075] in, This represents the phase value of the moiré fringes, where N is a positive integer, and I... k (i; k) is the gray-level distribution after downsampling, and j is the imaginary unit;

[0076] A25. Calculate the period T of the grating moiré fringes of the first image using equation (3):

[0077]

[0078] Where n is an integer less than T.

[0079] A26. Adjusting the sampling interval P k The size of the grating moiré fringe is determined, and the process returns to step A22 to recalculate the period of the moiré fringe until the maximum period of the moiré fringe is obtained. The sampling interval P corresponding to this maximum period value is then recorded. k The final value of the grating pattern is determined by the periodic positioning of the moiré fringes.

[0080] A27. Using the same method as calculating the period T of the grating moiré fringes of the first image, calculate the period T of the grating moiré fringes of the second image. 折光后 .

[0081] In the above process, the method for downsampling the grayscale distribution image in step A22 is as follows:

[0082] Take the first pixel value of the first row in the grayscale distribution image and place it in the first row and first column of the third image. Then, sequentially assign the nP values ​​from the first row... k The pixel value at +1 is extracted and placed in the first row nP of the third image. k At position +1; extract the (k+1)th pixel value from the first row of the grayscale distribution image and place it in the (k+1)th row and first column of the third image. Then, sequentially extract the nP values ​​from the first row of the grayscale distribution image... k The pixel value at position +k+2 is extracted and placed in row nP of the (k+1)th position in the third image. k At +k+2, the final result is as follows: Figure 5 The diagram shows the results; where n∈R, R is the set of real numbers, k is the index of the moiré fringe, k=0, 1 / N……i / N, …, (N-1) / N, 1……Pk -1; i = 1, 2, ... (N-1).

[0083] See Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the refractive effect principle of this embodiment. A line segment of length h is selected from the pattern before refraction, and the angle between it and the intersection point O is Δγ. After β-angle refraction, the length of this line segment becomes h′, but the angle relative to O remains Δγ. Therefore, after refraction, the pattern in the relevant area is stretched or contracted; that is, refraction causes a change in image size. For grating patterns, this can be further interpreted as a change in the grating period. Typically, this change is minute, and existing methods struggle to calibrate it precisely. However, this embodiment can calculate the image stretching or contraction more accurately by calculating the change in the moiré fringe period.

[0084] The period T of the moiré fringe can be determined based on the period P of the pattern. t and sampling period P k The sampling period P is calculated using equation (5). k It is a specified known value, P t It is the period (in pixels) of the grating pattern on the image plane, P t It is usually difficult to calculate.

[0085] In addition, the period of the moiré fringe can also be obtained directly by performing a discrete Fourier transform on the moiré fringes. Due to the refractive effect, the period of the grating pattern becomes mP. t The period of the moiré fringe becomes nT, where n can be calculated using equation (3);

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, P is the grating period, P k The sampling interval is denoted as .

[0088] The period of the refractive moiré fringe can be calculated using equation (6):

[0089]

[0090] Where m is the periodic magnification of the grating pattern, and n is the periodic magnification of the moiré fringe.

[0091] Simplifying expression (6), we get:

[0092]

[0093] By combining equations (5) and (7), P can be eliminated. t We can obtain:

[0094]

[0095] In the pattern before refraction, select a line segment of length h, whose angle with O is Δγ. After refraction at angle β, the length of the line segment of length h becomes h′. According to... Figure 2 It can be seen that h and h′ are represented by equations (9) and (10) respectively:

[0096] h=v(tan(γ+β+Δγ)-tan(β+γ)) (9)

[0097] h′=v(tan(γ+Δγ)-tan(γ)) (10)

[0098] Where: β is the refraction angle; Δγ is the angle between line segment h′ and O, the angle between the two ends of the grating period measurement segment and the principal point; γ is the angle between line segment h′ and the photographic axis.

[0099] Combining equations (9) and (10), we can obtain equation (11):

[0100]

[0101] Since the magnification m is different at different points on the image plane, and m increases with the increase of the γ angle, but when Δγ is small enough, it can be assumed that the magnification m of the pattern is consistent within the length h, so we can obtain equation (12):

[0102]

[0103] Combining equations (11) and (12), we can obtain equation (13):

[0104]

[0105] in: l is the vertical distance from the midpoint of the grating period measurement segment to the principal point; v is the principal distance; β is the refraction angle; Δγ is the angle between the lines connecting the two ends of the grating period measurement segment and the principal point.

[0106] Equation (13) is the precise formula for solving the refraction angle β. It contains three unknowns: β, γ and Δγ. In fact, the refraction angle β is a very small value relative to γ. When the value of Δγ is less than 1°, the calculated refraction angle β has higher accuracy.

[0107] Since the magnification varies at different points in the pattern, the position for calculating the magnification m should be taken from the pattern at a distance from the principal point.

[0108] See Figure 8 Equation (13) involves the image distance v, which cannot be obtained directly and can only be obtained through camera calibration. Commonly used camera calibration algorithms are based on the principle of central projection, and the origin of the camera coordinate system is... Figure 8 In the middle O′, the principal distance f can be obtained through calibration, and the object distance u can be obtained directly through measurement:

[0109]

[0110] According to equation (14), the image distance v can be obtained as:

[0111]

[0112] After obtaining the refraction angle β by iteratively solving equation (13), equation (16) can be used:

[0113] δ=uβ (16)

[0114] Finally, the refractive displacement δ was calculated and used for refractive displacement correction.

[0115] As another embodiment of this solution, this embodiment applies the calculations of the above embodiment to actual measurement of the two-dimensional grating pattern. The specific correction process is as follows:

[0116] Two-dimensional lenticular signs with a lenticular period of 15mm and a pattern size of 20cm×20cm are printed. A camera is placed at one end of a road 100m away in a straight line, and the two-dimensional lenticular pattern is pasted onto a cement block at the other end of the road.

[0117] The camera's principal point is located at (959.5, 539.5), with a pixel size of 2.4μm × 2.4μm and a photo size of 5184 pixels × 3888 pixels.

[0118] Substituting the above parameters into the formula of the above embodiment for calculation, the period of the grating moiré fringe after refraction is 1.0010 times that before refraction, i.e., n = 1.0010; further using formula (8), the magnification of the grating pattern can be obtained as 1.00000382.

[0119] The 160mm line segment in the image has 63.8 pixels.

[0120] Substitute into the formula With f = 114.95 mm, we can obtain an image distance v = 114.73 mm.

[0121] See Figure 2 It can be seen that in this embodiment, γ = 2.02° and Δγ = 0.06°. The iterative solution yields an approximate β of 0.003°, which is used by the computer to automatically calculate and correct the atmospheric refraction effect in visual measurements, thereby obtaining relatively accurate visual measurement results in real time.

[0122] This invention also discloses a terminal device, including a processor and a storage device. The storage device is used to store one or more programs. When the processor executes one or more programs, it implements the aforementioned method for correcting atmospheric refraction effects in visual measurements. The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the test equipment, connecting various parts of the test equipment via various interfaces and lines.

[0123] Storage devices can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. Processors implement various functions of terminal devices by running or executing computer programs and / or modules stored in the storage device and by accessing data stored in the storage device. A storage device may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function, etc.; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the terminal device, etc. Furthermore, storage devices may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disks, RAM, plug-in hard disks, smart media cards (SMC), secure digital cards (SD cards), flash cards, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0124] The module / unit integrated into the device for correcting the atmospheric refractive effect of visual measurements, if implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in at least one computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.

[0125] It should be noted that the embodiments of the devices and apparatus described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

Claims

1. A method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements, characterized in that, include: Using an image acquisition device, a first image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object under test and a second image of the pattern are obtained sequentially. Calculate the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image; Calculate the refraction angle based on the magnification factor. Based on the refraction angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern, the refraction displacement is calculated, and the refraction displacement is used to correct the atmospheric refraction effect in visual measurements.

2. The method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of sequentially obtaining a first image and a second image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object under test is specifically as follows: Generate grating patterns according to a preset grating period; The grating pattern is printed into a grating plate and fixed to the outer surface of the object to be monitored; The first image and the second image, including the grating plate, were acquired sequentially using an image acquisition device.

3. The method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image is specifically as follows: The first moiré fringe of the first image and the second moiré fringe of the second image were obtained by phase shifting method. The first phase distribution of the first moiré fringe and the second phase distribution of the second moiré fringe are calculated using the discrete Fourier transform: The moiré fringe period T of the first image is calculated based on the first phase distribution, and the moiré fringe period T of the second image is calculated based on the second phase distribution. 折光后 ; The magnification factor n = T of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image 折光后 / T.

4. The method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive displacement is calculated based on the refractive angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern. This refractive displacement is then used to correct for atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements. Specifically: Calculate the grating period magnification m using Equation 8: （8） In the formula, T is the moiré fringe period, P is the grating period, and P k The sampling interval is m, where m is the periodic magnification of the grating pattern and n is the periodic magnification of the moiré fringe. The refraction angle β is solved iteratively using equation (13): （13） in: l is the vertical distance from the midpoint of the grating period measurement segment to the principal point; v is the principal distance; β is the refraction angle; Δγ is the angle between the lines connecting the two ends of the grating period measurement segment and the principal point. Through formula (16): （16） The refractive displacement δ is calculated and used to correct the position of the grating pattern, thereby achieving the correction of the refractive displacement. u represents the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern.

5. The method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of sequentially acquiring a first image and a second image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object under test using an image acquisition device is as follows: Using an image acquisition device, a first image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object under test and a subsequent sequence of images are obtained sequentially, wherein the sequence of images are multiple images taken at intervals after the first image is captured. Each frame in the image sequence is used as the second image in turn.

6. A device for correcting the atmospheric refractive effect in visual measurements, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an acquisition module, a first calculation module, a second calculation module, and a correction module. The acquisition module is used to sequentially acquire a first image and a second image of the two-dimensional grating pattern on the surface of the object to be measured through an image acquisition device. The first calculation module is used to calculate the magnification factor of the moiré fringe period of the second image relative to the first image; The second calculation module is used to calculate the refraction angle based on the magnification factor; The correction module is used to calculate the refractive displacement based on the refractive angle and the distance between the image acquisition device and the two-dimensional grating pattern, and to use the refractive displacement to correct the atmospheric refractive effect of the visual measurement.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the method for correcting atmospheric refractive effects in visual measurements as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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