Device and method for measuring deformation of steel tube concrete member

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of concrete measurement, and provide a kind of steel pipe concrete component deformation measurement device and method, device includes: temperature and humidity adjusting device, for adjusting the temperature value and humidity value outside concrete component;Detection device, for detecting the deformation of the internal point, external surface or internal preset area of concrete component;Tension component, two ends are connected with the two ends of concrete component respectively, and tension component is used to apply load to concrete component.Temperature and humidity adjusting device can adjust the temperature and humidity of the environment where concrete component is located, reduce the influence of temperature and humidity on the shrinkage and creep of concrete component.By tension component, the two ends of concrete component are pressed, and load is applied to concrete component, the creep of concrete component when bearing stress can be studied.By detection device, the deformation of shrinkage or creep of concrete component can be detected, to quantitatively study the shrinkage and creep of concrete component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete measurement technology, and in particular to a device and method for measuring the deformation of steel-concrete composite members. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, my country's major infrastructure construction has shown new trends such as heavy loads, ultra-long spans, and long-term service in harsh environments, and is expanding into areas such as oceans, deep mountains, and canyons. Therefore, the design service life of important engineering structures is 100 years. During long-term service, structures will be subjected to shrinkage and long-term loads, which may affect their normal use and life-cycle mechanical properties. Shrinkage refers to the volume reduction phenomenon that occurs in the early stages of concrete setting or during hardening, while creep refers to the deformation of concrete under long-term stress. Therefore, studying the fundamental laws and mechanical nature of shrinkage and creep is of significant importance for ensuring the normal service performance and life-cycle safety of structures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a device and method for measuring the deformation of concrete components, used to measure the shrinkage and creep of concrete components.

[0004] This invention provides a device for measuring the deformation of concrete components, comprising:

[0005] A temperature and humidity regulating device, which is used to cover the outside of a concrete component and regulate the temperature and humidity values ​​on the outside of the concrete component.

[0006] A detection device, which is used to connect with the concrete component and detect the deformation of the concrete component;

[0007] A tension assembly, the two ends of which are respectively used to connect to the two ends of the concrete member, the tension assembly being used to tighten the two ends of the concrete member during the measurement of the creep of the concrete member, so as to apply a load to the concrete member.

[0008] According to the present invention, a deformation measuring device for concrete components is provided. The temperature and humidity regulating device includes a guide structure, a lifting device, and a pair of detachably connected covers. The pair of covers are spliced ​​together to form an outer cover that can cover the outside of the concrete component. Both of the covers are slidably connected to the guide structure, and the pair of covers can move closer to each other and further away from each other. The lifting device is connected to the guide structure and is used to drive the guide structure to rise and fall.

[0009] According to the present invention, a concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a feedback unit, a control unit, a display device, a storage unit, and a communication module;

[0010] The detection device, the feedback unit, the display device, the storage unit, and the communication module are all connected to the control unit. The feedback unit is used to detect the temperature and humidity values ​​inside the temperature and humidity control device.

[0011] The control unit controls the detection device and the feedback unit to perform synchronous detection. The control unit is used to process the deformation amount, temperature value and humidity value and generate time functions of deformation amount, temperature value and humidity value respectively. The display device is used to display the time functions. The communication module is used to transmit the time functions. The storage unit is used to store the time functions.

[0012] According to the present invention, a deformation measuring device for concrete components includes a rigid rod and a displacement measuring device. The rigid rod is a pair, and each pair of rigid rods is used to connect to the concrete component. The displacement measuring device is connected to the pair of rigid rods and is used to detect the relative displacement between the pair of rigid rods.

[0013] According to the present invention, a deformation measuring device for concrete components is provided, wherein the displacement detection device is a dial gauge or a vibrating wire sensor;

[0014] Alternatively, the detection device may further include a flexible tube and a rod, the rigid rod being a hollow tube, the displacement detection device including a target and an ultrasonic detection device, the rigid rod being connected to the target via the flexible tube, both the flexible tube and the target being embedded within the concrete component, the rod being detachably inserted into the flexible tube and used to support the flexible tube during pouring, and the ultrasonic detection device being used to detect the position of the target.

[0015] According to the present invention, a concrete component deformation measuring device is provided. When detecting the deformation of the concrete in the concrete component, the rigid rod is used to penetrate the concrete component or extend into the concrete component to a preset depth. The concrete component deformation measuring device also includes a positioning clamp, which is used to position the rigid rod when it is pre-embedded in the concrete component.

[0016] Alternatively, if the concrete component is a steel-concrete composite structure and the detection device detects the deformation of the steel pipe of the concrete component, the rigid rod is connected to the steel pipe of the concrete component.

[0017] According to the present invention, a deformation measuring device for concrete components is provided, wherein the measuring device further includes a vibrating wire sensor, the vibrating wire sensor being disposed on the outside of the concrete component and connected to the concrete component, or the vibrating wire sensor being embedded in the concrete component.

[0018] Wherein, under the condition that the vibrating wire sensor is pre-embedded inside the concrete component, the vibrating wire sensor is connected to the reinforcing steel of the concrete component, or the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a bracket for installing the vibrating wire sensor, the bracket being pre-embedded inside the concrete component.

[0019] According to a concrete component deformation measuring device provided by the present invention, the measuring device further includes a strain gauge, which is used to be installed on the concrete component;

[0020] The displacement detection device, the vibrating wire sensor, and the strain gauge simultaneously detect the deformation of the concrete component based on different measurement principles to cross-check each other.

[0021] According to the present invention, a deformation measuring device for a concrete component further includes end plates, both ends of the concrete component are provided with the end plates, the tension assembly includes a force measuring device, a pair of tension members, a locking member and an elastic member, the pair of tension members are connected through the force measuring device, the pair of tension members respectively pass through the end plates at both ends of the concrete component and are connected to the corresponding locking members, at least one locking member is provided with the elastic member between it and the corresponding end plate, the elastic member is used to compensate for the load unloaded due to the creep of the concrete component.

[0022] According to the present invention, a concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a loading device, a reaction frame, a platform, a loading plate, a positioning plate, and a pad. The reaction frame is disposed on the platform, the loading device is installed on the reaction frame and used to load the concrete component, the positioning plate is connected to the platform and has a positioning groove, the pad is disposed in the positioning groove, and the pad has a clearance hole for the tension member to extend into. The cross-sectional area of ​​the clearance hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the locking member, and when the tension member is inserted into the clearance hole, the geometric center of the concrete component coincides with the center of the loading device. The loading plate is disposed at the end of the concrete component that abuts against the loading device, and the center of the loading plate coincides with the center of the concrete component.

[0023] According to the present invention, a concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a reaction frame and a loading device, wherein the loading device is disposed on the reaction frame and is used to load the concrete component.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the deformation of concrete components, implemented based on the concrete component deformation measuring device described above, including a shrinkage deformation measuring method and a creep measuring method;

[0025] The shrinkage deformation measurement method includes:

[0026] Fill the formwork or steel pipe with concrete;

[0027] The detection device is connected to the concrete component to detect the deformation of the concrete component.

[0028] The concrete component is placed into the temperature and humidity regulating device, and the temperature and humidity on the outside of the concrete component are regulated by the temperature and humidity regulating device.

[0029] The creep measurement method includes:

[0030] Fill the formwork or steel pipe with concrete;

[0031] The detection device is connected to the concrete component to detect the deformation of the concrete component.

[0032] The load is applied to the concrete member using the tension component.

[0033] According to a method for measuring the deformation of a concrete component provided by the present invention, when measuring the autogenous shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: before filling concrete into a formwork or steel pipe, laying an isolation layer on the inner wall of the formwork or steel pipe, the isolation layer being used to reduce friction between the concrete and the formwork or steel pipe; after the initial setting of the concrete component, setting a waterproof layer on the outer side of the concrete component, and using the temperature and humidity regulating device to keep the concrete component under constant temperature and humidity conditions, the isolation layer being used to prevent moisture exchange between the concrete and the outside environment; and obtaining the autogenous shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the detection device.

[0034] When measuring the temperature shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the aforementioned shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: before filling the formwork or steel pipe with concrete, laying an isolation layer on the inner wall of the formwork or steel pipe to reduce friction between the concrete and the formwork or steel pipe; adjusting the temperature and humidity on the outside of the concrete component using the aforementioned temperature and humidity regulating device to ensure the concrete component is under constant humidity conditions; obtaining the first shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the aforementioned detection device; and obtaining the temperature shrinkage deformation of the concrete component based on the first shrinkage deformation and the self-shrinkage deformation.

[0035] When measuring the drying shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: laying an isolation layer on the inner wall of the formwork or the inner wall of the steel pipe before filling the formwork or steel pipe with concrete; adjusting the temperature and humidity on the outside of the concrete component using the temperature and humidity regulating device to keep the concrete component under constant temperature conditions; obtaining the second shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the detection device; and obtaining the drying shrinkage deformation of the concrete component based on the second shrinkage deformation and the self-shrinkage deformation.

[0036] According to the present invention, a method for measuring the deformation of concrete components includes, when measuring the influence of the interface on the shrinkage deformation of concrete components using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, setting two sets of concrete components and setting an isolation layer on the inner wall of the steel pipe or formwork of one set of concrete components, the isolation layer being used to reduce the friction between the concrete and the formwork or steel pipe.

[0037] When measuring the shrinkage pattern of a concrete component in different directions using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: setting two sets of the detection devices on the concrete component, with the measurement directions of the two sets of the detection devices set at an angle.

[0038] When measuring the shrinkage pattern at different locations of a concrete component using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: setting multiple detection devices on the concrete component, with each detection device used to detect the deformation at different locations of the concrete component.

[0039] The concrete component deformation measuring device provided by this invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0040] (1) The temperature and humidity control device can regulate the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the concrete component is located, reducing the impact of temperature and humidity on the shrinkage and creep of the concrete component. When studying creep, the two ends of the concrete component are pressed together by a tension component, and a load is applied to the concrete component to study the creep that occurs when the concrete component is under stress. The detection device can detect the amount of deformation of the concrete component due to shrinkage or creep, so as to quantitatively study the shrinkage and creep of the concrete component. With this configuration, the concrete component measuring device provided by the present invention can measure the shrinkage and creep of the concrete component.

[0041] (2) The temperature and humidity control device can better utilize concrete components of different specifications through the guide structure, a pair of detachable covers and lifting device.

[0042] (3) The control unit controls the detection device and feedback unit to detect synchronously, and processes the deformation, temperature and humidity values ​​to obtain the corresponding time function, which facilitates the analysis and comparison of the collected information. The time function is displayed through the display device, which facilitates the test personnel to observe and analyze it.

[0043] (4) Use brackets to install the vibrating wire sensor to make the position of the vibrating wire sensor more accurate.

[0044] (5) The rigid rod is connected to the target object through a flexible hose, and both the flexible hose and the target object are embedded in the concrete component. The relative deformation between the two target object locations can be obtained by detecting the position of the target object through an ultrasonic testing device.

[0045] (6) By measuring simultaneously using three detection methods, the detection results can be cross-checked to verify the accuracy of the data.

[0046] (7) The elastic element of the tension component can compensate for the load unloaded due to creep.

[0047] The concrete deformation measurement method provided by this invention is implemented based on a concrete component measurement device, and can also measure the shrinkage and creep of concrete components. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the concrete component deformation measuring device provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 These are provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 The side view of the view shown;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the first detection device provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of adapter provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of adapter provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the positioning fixtures provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the second detection device provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the vibrator provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the loading device provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple detection devices simultaneously detecting the deformation of concrete components at different locations, provided in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the flexible hose and the rigid rod provided in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the insertion rod is inserted into the hose according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0061] Figure label:

[0062] 1. Guide structure; 2. Lifting device; 3. Cover; 4. Rigid rod; 5. Force sensor; 6. Steel pipe; 7. Vibrating wire sensor; 8. End plate; 9. Force measuring device; 10. Tie rod; 11. Fixing nut; 12. Elastic element; 13. Positioning plate; 14. Pad; 15. Reaction frame; 16. Loading device; 17. First sealing gasket; 18. First nut; 19. Second sealing gasket; 20. Second sleeve; 21. Second nut; 22. Baffle; 23. Dial indicator; 24. Adapter; 25. Connecting rod; 26. Support; 27. Loading plate; 28. Bracket; 29. ​​Constraint rod; 30. Vibrator; 31. Mounting plate; 32. Buckle; 33. First sleeve; 34. Hoose; 35. Insert rod; 36. Target. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0064] The following is combined Figures 1 to 12The present invention describes a device for measuring the deformation of concrete components.

[0065] Specifically, the concrete component deformation measurement device includes a temperature and humidity control device, a detection device, and a tension component.

[0066] The temperature and humidity control device is used to cover the outside of the concrete component and regulate the temperature and humidity values ​​on the outside of the concrete component. In other words, the temperature and humidity control device is used to regulate the temperature and humidity values ​​of the environment in which the concrete component is located.

[0067] The detection device is used to connect to concrete components and detect the amount of deformation of the concrete components.

[0068] The two ends of the tension assembly are used to connect to the two ends of the concrete member, and the tension assembly is used to tighten the two ends of the concrete member during the measurement of the creep of the concrete member in order to apply a load to the concrete member.

[0069] The concrete component deformation measuring device provided in this embodiment of the invention can regulate the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the concrete component is located through a temperature and humidity regulating device, thereby reducing the impact of temperature and humidity on the shrinkage and creep of the concrete component. When studying creep, the two ends of the concrete component are pressed together by a tension component, and a load is applied to the concrete component, enabling the study of the creep generated when the concrete component is subjected to stress. The detection device can detect the amount of shrinkage or creep deformation of the concrete component, allowing for quantitative study of the shrinkage and creep of the concrete component. With this configuration, the concrete component measuring device provided in this embodiment of the invention can measure the shrinkage and creep of concrete components.

[0070] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature and humidity regulating device includes a guide structure 1, a lifting device 2, and a pair of detachably connected covers 3. The pair of covers 3 are joined together to form an outer cover that can be placed over the outside of a concrete component. Both covers 3 are slidably connected to the guide structure 1, and the pair of covers 3 can move closer to or further away from each other. The lifting device 2 is connected to the guide structure 1 and is used to drive the guide structure 1 to rise and fall.

[0071] When it is necessary to regulate the temperature or humidity on the outside of a concrete component, a pair of covers 3 can be brought close together along the guide structure 1 and connected to form an outer cover over the concrete component. This outer cover creates a chamber for regulating the temperature and humidity inside. When it is necessary to load, measure, or inspect the concrete component, the pair of covers 3 can be disassembled and moved away from each other along the guide structure 1. This arrangement makes the temperature and humidity control device more convenient to use and allows for reuse. Furthermore, by using the lifting device 2 to drive the guide structure 1 to rise and fall, the covers 3 can better adapt to the height of the concrete component. This arrangement improves the compatibility of the temperature and humidity control device.

[0072] Optionally, the guide structure 1 is configured as a guide rail, and the cover 3 can be slidably connected to the guide rail via rollers. Optionally, the lifting drive device is a height adjusting bolt or an adjusting foot. Optionally, a pair of covers 3 are connected by threaded fasteners such as bolts.

[0073] Optionally, the temperature and humidity control device also includes cover plates. When the upper and lower ends of the cover 3 cannot be tightly fitted to the outer wall of the concrete component, corresponding cover plates can be installed at the gaps between the cover 3 and the concrete component to seal the gaps between the cover 3 and the concrete component, preventing heat or moisture from flowing through the gaps. Optionally, the cover plates are made of aluminum foil insulation cotton or other materials with heat insulation and waterproof functions.

[0074] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a feedback unit, a control unit, a display device, a storage unit, and a communication module.

[0075] The detection device, feedback unit, display device, storage unit, and communication module are all connected to the control unit. The feedback unit is located inside the outer casing and is used to detect the temperature and humidity values ​​inside the temperature and humidity control device. For example, the feedback unit includes a thermometer and hygrometer.

[0076] The control unit controls the detection device and feedback unit to perform synchronous detection; for example, the control unit simultaneously sends detection commands to both the detection device and the feedback unit. The control unit processes the deformation, temperature, and humidity values ​​and generates time functions for each value. A display device displays the time functions, a communication module transmits the time functions, and a storage unit stores the time functions. For example, when detecting deformation using different principles, the relationship between the deformation values ​​obtained based on different detection principles can be observed. Alternatively, in situations where multiple sets of tests are set up, the differences in detection data between different sets can be observed.

[0077] Optionally, the control unit can be a temperature and humidity control center. The display device can be a monitor or a touch screen. The communication module can be a wireless communication module or a wired communication module.

[0078] Optionally, the temperature and humidity control device also includes an air conditioning unit, a humidifier, and an exhaust system. The air conditioning unit, humidifier, and exhaust system are all connected to the control unit. For example, the air conditioning unit regulates the temperature inside the enclosure, the humidifier sprays water mist into the enclosure to increase humidity, and the exhaust system removes moisture from the enclosure, thereby reducing humidity. The control unit regulates the temperature and humidity levels inside the enclosure by controlling the air conditioning unit, humidifier, and exhaust system.

[0079] refer to Figures 3-7 As shown, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the detection device includes a rigid rod 4 and a displacement detection device. There is a pair of rigid rods 4, each used to connect to a concrete member. The displacement detection device is connected to the pair of rigid rods 4 and is used to detect the relative displacement between the pair of rigid rods 4. Specifically, the pair of rigid rods 4 are both connected to the concrete member. When the concrete member deforms, it causes a relative displacement in the pair of rigid rods 4, thereby triggering the displacement detection device. The displacement detection device can then obtain the relative displacement of the pair of rigid rods 4, and thus calculate the deformation of the concrete member using the relative displacement of the pair of rigid rods 4.

[0080] Optionally, the testing device is configured in two sets. In the first set, the pair of rigid rods 4 of each testing device are arranged along a first direction, and in the second set, the pair of rigid rods 4 of each testing device are arranged along a second direction. The first and second directions are set at an angle, for example, perpendicular to each other. This configuration allows for the study of the deformation of concrete in different directions. For example, refer to... Figure 3 As shown, for concrete-filled steel tubing, in the first set of testing devices, a pair of rigid rods 4 of each testing device extends along the axial direction of the steel pipe 6, and in the second set of testing devices, a pair of rigid rods 4 of each testing device extends along the transverse direction of the steel pipe 6.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, when detecting the deformation of concrete in a concrete member, a rigid rod 4 is used to penetrate the concrete member or extend into a predetermined depth within the concrete member. When the rigid rod 4 penetrates the concrete member, the average shrinkage deformation of the entire cross-section of the concrete member can be measured. When the rigid rod 4 extends into the concrete to a predetermined depth, the average shrinkage deformation of the area within the concrete member in contact with the rigid rod can be measured. Regardless of whether it penetrates the concrete member or extends into the predetermined depth, the rigid rod 4 must be embedded in the concrete of the concrete member. To facilitate the positioning of the rigid rod 4, the concrete member deformation measuring device also includes a positioning clamp. The positioning clamp is used to position the rigid rod 4 when it is embedded in the concrete member. Positioning the rigid rod 4 with the positioning clamp prevents displacement of the rigid rod 4 during concrete pouring or vibration.

[0082] Specifically, refer to Figures 7-8 As shown, for the rigid rod 4 penetrating the concrete member, the positioning fixture includes a first sleeve 33, a first sealing gasket 17, and a first nut 18. For concrete members constructed with steel-tube concrete, no formwork is required; the steel pipe 6 serves as the formwork. When installing the rigid rod 4, through holes need to be opened on both sides of the steel pipe 6 to allow the rigid rod 4 to pass through it. The through holes are designed as oblong holes to facilitate the movement of the rigid rod 4 with the concrete during deformation. For example, when detecting the deformation of the concrete member along the length of the steel pipe 6, the length direction of the through hole is the same as the length direction of the steel pipe 6; when detecting the deformation of the concrete member along the width direction of the steel pipe 6, the length direction of the through hole is the same as the width direction of the steel pipe 6. For non-steel-tube concrete members, such as plain concrete or reinforced concrete, formwork is required for casting; therefore, the through holes are opened on the formwork to allow the rigid rod 4 to pass through it.

[0083] The rigid rod 4 has two ends that pass through the steel pipe 6 or the two sides of the template, and each end of the rigid rod 4 is fitted with a first sealing gasket 17 and a first sleeve 33 from the inside out. The first sealing gasket 17 is set in the first sleeve 33 and supported by the first sleeve 33. Each end of the rigid rod 4 is provided with a first nut 18, which is threadedly connected to the rigid rod 4. This not only presses the first sealing gasket 17 onto the template or steel pipe 6, but also fixes the rigid rod 4 to the template or steel pipe 6. The first sleeve 33 is connected to the template or steel pipe 6 of the concrete component. For example, the first sleeve 33 is connected to the template or steel pipe 6 by welding or by threaded fasteners.

[0084] The process of using the positioning clamp as described above includes: Before pouring, the rigid rod 4 is passed through the through holes on both sides of the steel pipe 6 or the template, and corresponding first sealing gaskets 17, first nuts 18, and first sleeves 33 are installed at both ends of the rigid rod 4. Since the first sealing gasket 17 is supported by the first sleeves 33, the first sleeves 33 can support the rigid rod 4 through the first sealing gaskets 17. By adjusting the position of the first sleeves 33 at both ends of the rigid rod 4, the rigid rod 4 is brought into contact with the end of the through hole. Then, the first sleeves 33 are connected to the steel pipe 6 or the template to keep the rigid rod 4 in its current position, and the first nuts 18 at both ends of the rigid rod 4 are tightened to fix the rigid rod 4. After pouring, the first sleeves 33, first nuts 18, and first sealing gaskets 17 are removed.

[0085] This configuration allows the through hole to be sealed by the first sealing gasket 17, preventing slurry from leaking out of the through hole. In addition, the interaction between the first sealing gasket 17 and the first sleeve 33 can position the rigid rod 4, ensuring that the rigid rod 4 is in the correct position when it is fixed by the first nut 18.

[0086] refer to Figure 6 As shown, specifically for the rigid rod 4 extending to a predetermined depth into the concrete member, the positioning fixture includes a second sleeve 20, a second sealing gasket 19, a second nut 21, and a baffle 22. Since the rigid rod 4 does not need to penetrate the concrete, that is, the rigid rod 4 does not need to penetrate the steel pipe 6 or the formwork, it is only necessary to open a through hole on one side of the steel pipe 6 or the formwork.

[0087] The portion of the rigid rod 4 located outside the concrete is fitted with a second sealing gasket 19 and a second sleeve 20 from the inside out. The second sealing gasket 19 is coaxial with and fits snugly against the inner wall of the second sleeve 20. A baffle 22 is disposed inside the second sleeve 20 and connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve 20. The baffle 22 has a central hole concentric with the inner wall of the second sleeve 20, through which the rigid rod 4 passes. At least two second nuts 21, threadedly connected to the rigid rod 4, are disposed between the second sealing gasket 19 and the baffle 22. The at least two second nuts 21 abut against the second sealing gasket 19 and the baffle 22, respectively. The second sleeve 20 is used to connect to the formwork or steel pipe 6 of the concrete component. For example, the second sleeve 20 is connected to the formwork or steel pipe 6 by welding or by threaded fasteners. The side wall of the second sleeve 20 has clearance holes for tools such as wrenches to pass through and tighten the second nuts 21.

[0088] The process of using the positioning fixture as described above includes: before casting, passing the rigid rod 4 through a through hole on one side of the steel pipe 6 or a through hole on the other side of the template, and installing a second sealing gasket 19, a second nut 21, a second sleeve 20, and a baffle 22 on the portion of the rigid rod 4 located outside the steel pipe 6 or template. Since the second sealing gasket 19 is coaxial and fits snugly against the inner wall of the second sleeve 20, and the center hole of the baffle 22 is coaxial with the inner wall of the second sleeve 20, after the rigid rod 4 passes through the second sealing gasket 19 and the baffle 22, the rigid rod 4 is coaxial with the inner wall of the second sleeve 20, and the second sleeve 20 can support the rigid rod 4 through the second sealing gasket 19 and the baffle 22. The position of the second sleeve 20 is adjusted so that the rigid rod 4 abuts against the end of the through hole. Then, the second sleeve 20 is connected to the steel pipe 6 or the template to keep the rigid rod 4 in its current position. At least two nuts between the second sealing gasket 19 and the baffle 22 are then tightened to secure the rigid rod 4. After pouring, the second sleeve 20, the second nut 21, the second sealing gasket 19, and the baffle 22 can be removed.

[0089] This configuration allows the through hole to be sealed by the second sealing gasket 19, preventing slurry leakage from the through hole. In addition, the second sleeve 20 supports the rigid rod 4 through the second sealing gasket 19 and the baffle 22, which can play a role in positioning the rigid rod 4 to ensure that the rigid rod 4 is in a precise position when it is fixed by the second nut 21.

[0090] Optionally, the diameter of the portion of the rigid rod 4 embedded in the concrete is larger than the diameter of the portion located outside the concrete. The diameter of the rigid rod inside the concrete is larger than the diameter outside the concrete, and the diameter of the sealing gasket matches the diameter of the rigid rod outside the concrete. This facilitates accurate determination of the length of the internal rigid rod during operation.

[0091] Optionally, when drilling holes in the surface of the steel pipe 6, drilling rigs or laser drilling can be used. For drilling, a magnetic drill or similar device can be used. The drilling location is marked on the surface of the steel pipe 6, and a suitable drill bit is selected based on the thickness of the rigid rod 4 to be embedded in the concrete. For laser drilling, the drawing to be drilled can be imported into a laser cutting machine, and an appropriate laser power can be set for cutting and drilling. The advantages of laser drilling are its high efficiency and precision.

[0092] Optionally, the sealing gasket is a rubber gasket.

[0093] Of course, the detection device is not limited to detecting the deformation of concrete in concrete components. For example, when the concrete component is a steel-concrete composite structure, the detection device can also detect the deformation of the steel pipe 6. Specifically, when the detection device detects the deformation of the steel pipe 6 in a steel-concrete composite structure, the rigid rod 4 is connected to the steel pipe 6 of the concrete component. For example, the rigid rod 4 is welded to the steel pipe 6.

[0094] In some embodiments provided by this invention, the displacement detection device is a dial indicator 23, such as a digital dial indicator. The dial indicator 23 is mounted on one of a pair of rigid rods 4 of the detection device, and the measuring head of the dial indicator 23 abuts against the other of the pair of rigid rods 4. The strain measurement accuracy of the dial indicator 23 is no greater than ±10 με, that is, the measuring gauge length is no less than 100 mm, and the measuring gauge length is greater than three times the maximum particle size of the concrete aggregate.

[0095] Specifically, the dial indicator 23 can be connected to the rigid rod 4 via an adapter 24. The adapter 24 has a first mounting hole for the rigid rod to extend into and a second mounting hole for the dial indicator 23 to extend into. (Referencing...) Figure 5 As shown, at least one of the first and second mounting holes has a threaded hole on its sidewall. The set screw engages with the threaded hole to tighten the rigid rod 4 or the dial indicator 23. Of course, the adapter 24 is not limited to connecting to the dial indicator 23 or the rigid rod 4 via a set screw. For example, see reference... Figure 4 As shown, at least one of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole has a through groove extending along its length on its side wall. The connecting screws connect the two sides of the through groove to clamp the rigid rod 4 or the dial indicator 23.

[0096] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 As shown, when the distance between the pair of rigid rods 4 is large, the testing device also includes a connecting rod 25. One of the pair of rigid rods 4 is used to mount a dial indicator 23, and the other is used to mount the connecting rod 25, with the measuring head of the dial indicator 23 abutting against the connecting rod 25. The connecting rod 25 can be connected to the rigid rods 4 using the adapter 24 described above. The relative displacement between the rigid rods 4 can be transmitted through the connector. Optionally, the connecting rod 25 is made of materials such as quartz glass or ceramic to reduce the influence of temperature changes on the shape of the connecting rod 25. Optionally, the cross-section of the connecting rod 25 is 3 to 5 times the diameter of the measuring head of the dial indicator 23 to prevent the measuring head from detaching from the connecting rod 25. Optionally, to prevent the connecting rod 25 from tilting, the testing device also includes a support member 26, which is connected to the concrete or steel pipe 6 of the concrete structure. The support member 26 has a guide hole for the connecting rod 25 to pass through, and the guide hole slides in fit with the support member 26.

[0097] Of course, the displacement detection device is not limited to the dial gauge 23. For example, the displacement detection device can also be a vibrating wire sensor 7. According to GB / T 13606-2007, "General Technical Conditions for Vibrating Wire Sensors in Geotechnical Testing Instruments and Geotechnical Engineering Instruments," a vibrating wire sensor is a sensor that uses the natural frequency change of a vibrating wire to sense relevant parameters. It has a built-in temperature module that can compensate for temperature deformation caused by the sensor by monitoring changes in the ambient temperature. Optionally, both ends of the vibrating wire sensor 7 are connected to a pair of rigid rods 4. The vibrating wire sensor 7 can be connected to the rigid rods 4 by welding or fasteners.

[0098] refer to Figures 11-12 As shown, the detection device is not limited to the above-described form. For example, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the detection device further includes a flexible hose 34 and an insertion rod 35. The rigid rod is a hollow tube. The displacement detection device includes a target object 36 and an ultrasonic detection device. The rigid rod is connected to the target object 36 through the flexible hose 34. Both the flexible hose 34 and the target object 36 are used to be embedded in the concrete component. The insertion rod 35 is detachably inserted into the flexible hose 34 and is used to support the flexible hose 34 during the pouring process. The ultrasonic detection device is used to detect the position of the target object 36. In this embodiment, when installing the rigid rod, the positioning clamp used in the rigid rod inserted to a preset depth in the above embodiment can be used to position the rigid rod in this embodiment.

[0099] In this embodiment, during the pouring of the concrete component, one end of the rigid rod, which includes the flexible hose 34 and the target object 36, is inserted into the concrete. An insert rod 35 is then inserted through the rigid rod into the flexible hose 34 to support it and prevent deformation during pouring. After the concrete is poured, the insert rod 35 is removed. The relative positions of the target objects 36 corresponding to the pair of rigid rods are detected using an ultrasonic testing device, thus obtaining the relative deformation between the points where the target objects 36 are located. The rigid rod and flexible hose 34 are used for auxiliary installation and initial positioning of the target objects 36, ensuring an accurate initial position. The obstruction of the flexible hose 34 to the target objects 36 is minimal and negligible. The target object 36 can be a material different from the concrete, such as metal.

[0100] Furthermore, the target object 36 is also equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor, which can accurately measure the temperature and humidity of the test points inside the concrete, eliminating the error of calculating deformation based on the temperature and humidity of the external environment of the component.

[0101] Of course, the detection device is not limited to the measurement form of the rigid rod combined with displacement detection device in the above embodiments. For example, in other embodiments provided by the present invention, the detection device also includes a vibrating wire sensor 7. The vibrating wire sensor 7 is disposed on the outside of the concrete member and connected to the concrete member. The vibrating wire sensor 7 disposed on the outside of the concrete member can detect the shrinkage of the outer wall of the concrete member. Of course, the vibrating wire sensor 7 is not limited to being disposed on the outside of the concrete member. For example, the vibrating wire sensor 7 can also be embedded in the concrete member to detect the internal strain of the concrete member.

[0102] Optionally, the vibrating wire sensor 7 is disposed on the outside of the concrete member and connected to the concrete member, including:

[0103] As mentioned above, the vibrating wire sensor 7 is connected to the concrete of the concrete component via a rigid rod 4.

[0104] Alternatively, the concrete component is a steel-concrete composite structure, and the vibrating wire sensor 7 is connected to the outer wall of the steel pipe 6 of the concrete component. For example, both ends of the vibrating wire sensor 7 are welded to the outer wall of the steel pipe 6.

[0105] Optionally, the vibrating wire sensor 7 is embedded in the concrete member, including:

[0106] The vibrating wire sensor 7 is connected to the reinforcing steel of the concrete structure. For example, the vibrating wire sensor 7 can be connected to the reinforcing steel of the concrete structure via cable ties or wire.

[0107] Or, refer to Figure 7 As shown, for concrete members without reinforcing steel, the detection device also includes a bracket 28 for mounting the vibrating wire sensor 7, which is embedded within the concrete member. Specifically, both ends of the concrete member are provided with end plates 8. Assuming the concrete member is arranged vertically, one end of the bracket 28 is connected to the lower end of the end plate 8, and the other end of the bracket 28 extends into the steel pipe 6 or the formwork. The height of the bracket 28 can be determined according to the installation position of the vibrating wire sensor 7. The vibrating wire sensor 7 is installed on the portion of the bracket 28 that extends into the steel pipe 6 or the formwork. For example, the vibrating wire sensor 7 is connected to the bracket 28 by threaded fasteners. This arrangement ensures that the vibrating wire sensor 7 has an accurate installation position within the concrete member via the bracket 28.

[0108] Furthermore, in order to prevent the impact of coarse aggregate in the concrete on the vibrating wire sensor 7 from being too violent during the vibration process, which could cause the vibrating wire sensor 7 to move, a constraint rod 29 can be set on the support 28. The vibrating wire sensor 7 can be connected to the constraint rod 29 by steel wire or cable tie. However, the binding should ensure that the vibrating wire sensor 7 can freely contract along its own length.

[0109] Furthermore, to detect deformation in different directions within the concrete member, at least two sets of vibrating wire sensors 7 can be installed, with each set of vibrating wire sensors 7 extending in a different direction. For example, as... Figure 7 As shown, two vibrating wire sensors 7 with mutually perpendicular extension directions can be arranged, one of which extends along the axial direction of the steel pipe 6, and the other extends along the transverse direction of the steel pipe. Correspondingly, the number of constraint rods 29 on the bracket 28 is the same as the number of vibrating wire sensors 7, and they correspond one-to-one.

[0110] Furthermore, the end plate 8 at the upper end is provided with a casting hole, through which the vibrating wire sensor 7 can be inserted into the steel pipe 6 or the template and then installed on the bracket 28. The cable of the vibrating wire sensor 7 can be led out through the casting hole, or it can be led out through a hole opened in the steel pipe 6 or the template.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present invention, the detection device further includes a strain gauge, such as a resistance strain gauge. The strain gauge is used to mount on a concrete component, for example, on the surface of the concrete or the surface of the steel pipe 6. Optionally, the strain gauge can be welded or adhesively bonded to the outer wall of the concrete component, or it can be bonded or welded to the reinforcing steel or support 28 within the concrete component. The strain gauge's grating direction is aligned with the direction to be measured. When bonding the strain gauge, the surface of the object to be measured should be smoothed and cleaned with anhydrous ethanol. When bonding the strain gauge, ensure that there are no air bubbles between the strain gauge and the object to be measured.

[0112] The displacement detection device, vibrating wire sensor, and strain gauge simultaneously detect the deformation of the concrete component based on different measurement distances, allowing the measurement results of the three to be cross-checked. The vibrating wire sensor can be installed inside or outside the concrete component.

[0113] Optionally, to prevent water ingress between the strain gauge and the measured object, a sealing structure can be installed between the strain gauge and the concrete component. For example, the sealing structure includes dripping wax onto the surface of the strain gauge to form a waterproof wax layer. The wax layer adheres well to the strain gauge, effectively preventing moisture ingress. Furthermore, the sealing structure also includes a protective layer on the surface of the waterproof wax layer. Specifically, fiberglass ribbon soaked in epoxy resin is applied to the surface of the wax layer to form a protective layer. Because the wax layer is brittle, covering it with epoxy resin-soaked fiberglass ribbon further enhances the waterproofing effect and protects the wax layer.

[0114] In some embodiments of the present invention, the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a vibration device. For example, the vibration device may include a vibrating rod, which is inserted into the steel pipe 6 or the formwork to vibrate the concrete. Alternatively, the vibration device may include a vibrator 30, a mounting plate 31, and a clip 32. The clip 32 is fitted onto the outside of the steel pipe 6 or the formwork and connected to the mounting plate 31 via fasteners. The vibrator 30 is connected to the mounting plate 31. By installing the vibrator 30 outside the formwork or steel pipe, interference with the testing device installed inside the concrete component can be avoided. Of course, the vibrating rod and the vibrator 30 can be used in conjunction.

[0115] refer to Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes end plates 8, with end plates 8 provided at both ends of the concrete component. For example, in the case of steel-concrete composite pipe, the end plates 8 can be welded to the steel pipe 6. The tension assembly includes a force measuring device 9, a pair of tension members, a locking member, and an elastic member 12. The pair of tension members are interconnected through the force measuring device 9. For example, the pair of tension members are respectively provided at both ends of the measuring device and are both connected to the force measuring device 9. The pair of tension members pass through the end plates 8 at both ends of the concrete component and are connected to the corresponding locking members. An elastic member 12 is provided between at least one tension member and the corresponding end plate 8. The elastic element 12 is used to compensate for the load unloaded due to the creep of the concrete member. Specifically, when the concrete member shrinks or creeps, the pressure on the tension member may be unloaded instantly, which requires manual reloading, which is cumbersome. However, by setting the elastic element 12, the elastic element 12 still has a compression amount when the concrete member creeps, which slows down the unloading process, ensures the long-term operation of the test, and reduces the frequency of reloading or eliminates the need for reloading, thereby reducing the impact on the accuracy of the data.

[0116] During testing, locking components tighten the end plates 8 at both ends of the concrete member, creating a ballast load and allowing for the study of creep under stress. An elastic element 12 is incorporated, enabling the locking components to interact with the end plates 8 and generate tension on the tension member. The deformation of the elastic element 12 compensates for the instantaneous unloading caused by creep, allowing the tension member to maintain ballast on the concrete member for an extended period. A force measuring device 9 detects the tension generated by the tension member, facilitating the precise application of a preset pressure to the concrete member.

[0117] Optionally, the tension member is a tie rod 10, and the locking member is a fixing nut 11. The fixing nut 11 is threadedly connected to the tie rod 10, and the tie rod 10 is threadedly connected to the force measuring device 9. Alternatively, the tension member is a cable, and the locking member is an anchor, which is used to anchor the cable. The cable is connected to the force measuring device 9 via the anchor.

[0118] Optionally, there may be multiple tension components, which are distributed circumferentially along the concrete member.

[0119] Optionally, the end plate 8 is a metal plate with a flatness not exceeding 0.1 mm / 100 mm to ensure uniform loading of the concrete member. The end plate 8 is provided with through holes for the tension member to pass through. The tension member can be a lead screw. During the test, the tensile stress in the tension member does not exceed 30% of the material's yield point.

[0120] Optionally, the force measuring device 9 can be a pressure cell or a tension / compression sensor. The measurement accuracy of the force measuring device 9 should reach ±2% of the applied load, and the applied load on the concrete member should be no less than 20% and no more than 80% of the full range of the force measuring device 9.

[0121] Optionally, the spring can be a helical spring, a disc spring, or a ring spring. The working pressure of the spring shall not exceed 80% of the allowable ultimate load, and the maximum creep shall not exceed 5% of the deformation of the spring under long-term load.

[0122] In some embodiments of the present invention, the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a reaction frame 15, a platform, and a loading device 16. The reaction frame 15 is mounted on the platform; for example, the reaction frame 15 can be a gantry frame. The loading device 16 is mounted on the crossbeam of the reaction frame 15 and is used to load the concrete component. Specifically, when it is difficult to apply a preset load to the concrete component manually using locking devices, the loading device 16 can be used to load the concrete component to the preset load, and then the user can tighten the locking devices before removing the concrete component from the loading device 16. This facilitates the user in tightening the locking devices and reduces the user's labor intensity.

[0123] Alternatively, the loading device 16 may be a jack or an MTS.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present invention, the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a positioning plate 13 and a pad 14. The positioning plate 13 is connected to the platform of the reaction frame and has a positioning groove. The pad 14 is disposed within the positioning groove and has a clearance hole for the tension member to extend into. The cross-sectional area of ​​the clearance hole is smaller than that of the locking member. The number of positioning grooves and pads 14 are the same as the number of tension components and correspond one-to-one. When the tension member is inserted into the clearance hole, the geometric center of the concrete component coincides with the center of the loading device. When loading the concrete component, the tension member of the tension component can be inserted into the clearance hole of the pad 14, and the pad 14 supports the locking member. The positioning plate 13 and the pad 14 provide reliable support for the concrete component, enabling the loading device 16 to load the concrete component and avoid eccentric loading. Positioning the pad 14 by means of positioning grooves allows the pad 14 to be aligned with the corresponding tension component, so that the tension component of the concrete component is in the correct position after it is engaged with the corresponding pad 14, reducing the time required to adjust the position of the concrete component and improving loading efficiency.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present invention, the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a loading plate 27 and a force sensor 5. The loading plate 27 is disposed at the end of the concrete component that abuts against the loading device 16, so that the loading device 16 applies load to the concrete component via the loading plate 27, distributing the load evenly on the end plate. The center of the loading plate 27 coincides with the center of the concrete component, allowing the loading device 16 to be aligned with the center of the concrete component via the loading plate 27. The force sensor 5 is disposed on the side of the loading plate 27 away from the concrete component, used to detect the pressure exerted by the loading device 16 on the loading plate 27. The loading plate 27 can be connected to the end plate 8 of the concrete component via threaded fasteners. A mounting groove can be provided on the loading plate 27 for mounting the force sensor 5 and for positioning the sensor, facilitating repeated loading and saving alignment time.

[0126] In summary, the process of loading a concrete member using the loading device 16 includes:

[0127] The loading device 16 is placed on the crossbeam of the reaction frame 15, and the loading device 16 is aligned vertically. The center of the loading device 16 is aligned with the center of the positioning plate 13. The positioning plate 13 and the platform of the reaction frame 15 are fixed together using fasteners, and the pad 14 is placed in the positioning groove of the positioning plate 13.

[0128] The tension assembly is installed on the end plates 8 at both ends of the concrete member, and the concrete member with the tension assembly installed is placed on the pad 14 of the positioning plate 13. The loading plate 27 is set on the end plate 8 at the top of the concrete member, and the force sensor 5 is set in the mounting groove of the loading plate 27.

[0129] The concrete member is loaded using the loading device 16, and the force sensor 5 determines the load. The locking device at the top of the member is then properly tightened. Next, the load on the loading device 16 is gradually reduced, and the force values ​​on the force measuring device 9 are observed to determine whether the specified load value has been reached and whether the forces are balanced. If not, the above steps are repeated, and the tightness of the nuts is adjusted using a wrench until the force value on the force measuring device 9 meets the design requirements.

[0130] Furthermore, the concrete component deformation measurement device also includes a control module, a communication module, and a storage module. The dial gauge 23, vibrating wire sensor 7, strain gauge, force measuring device 9, communication module, and storage module are all connected to the control module. The control module transmits the data collected by the dial gauge 23, vibrating wire sensor 7, strain gauge, and force measuring device 9 to the storage module for storage, and transmits the data to the communication module for transmission. The control module is also used to analyze and process the data to generate real-time visualized data charts.

[0131] In summary, the concrete component deformation measurement method provided in this embodiment of the invention can detect the deformation of a certain point inside the concrete component, the outer surface, or a preset area inside the component.

[0132] This invention also provides a method for measuring the deformation of concrete components, which is implemented based on the concrete component deformation measuring device described above.

[0133] Specifically, methods for measuring the deformation of concrete components include methods for measuring shrinkage deformation and methods for measuring creep.

[0134] The shrinkage deformation measurement method includes steps 100-300.

[0135] Step 100: Fill the template or steel pipe 6 with concrete;

[0136] Specifically, to reduce the impact of formwork and steel pipe 6 on concrete shrinkage, lubricating oil can be applied to the inner wall of the formwork or steel pipe 6, and an isolation layer can be laid on the inner wall before filling the formwork or steel pipe 6 with concrete, thereby reducing friction between the formwork or steel pipe and the concrete. The isolation layer can include an outer layer in contact with the steel pipe 6 or formwork, and an inner layer located inside the outer layer. For example, the outer layer can be a plastic film, and the inner layer can be a polytetrafluoroethylene layer or an aluminum foil layer. By setting up the isolation layer, both moisture exchange between the concrete and the external environment can be prevented, and the impact of friction generated by the formwork or steel pipe 6 on concrete shrinkage can be reduced.

[0137] Step 200: Connect the detection device to the concrete component to detect the amount of deformation of the concrete.

[0138] Specifically, the detection device can be connected to the concrete component in the manner described above. It should be noted that, depending on the different types of detection devices described above, the detection device can be connected to the concrete component before, during, or after pouring. After connecting the detection device to the concrete component, the device can continuously detect the deformation of the concrete component.

[0139] Step 300: Place the concrete component into a temperature and humidity regulating device, and adjust the temperature and humidity on the outside of the concrete component using the device. Obtain the amount of concrete deformation using a detection device.

[0140] Specifically, for concrete members with formwork, the formwork is removed after the concrete has initially set. For steel-concrete composite structures, it is not necessary to remove the steel pipes.

[0141] Optionally, for concrete members with formwork, when measuring the autogenous shrinkage deformation of the concrete member using shrinkage deformation measurement methods, an isolation layer is installed inside the formwork before pouring. This isolation layer reduces friction between the concrete and the formwork. After the concrete member has initially set and the formwork is removed, the isolation layer prevents moisture exchange between the concrete and the external environment. A waterproof layer can then be placed over the isolation layer as an additional layer to prevent moisture evaporation. This waterproof layer can be a plastic film layer. A temperature and humidity control device is then used to maintain the concrete member under constant temperature and humidity conditions. The autogenous shrinkage deformation of the concrete member is then measured using a detection device. For steel-concrete composite structures, the steps are the same except that the steel pipe does not need to be removed and a waterproof layer is not required, and will not be repeated here.

[0142] For concrete members with formwork, when measuring the temperature shrinkage deformation, an isolation layer is laid on the inner wall of the formwork before filling it with concrete. This isolation layer reduces friction between the concrete and the formwork. After the concrete has initially set and the formwork is removed, the concrete member is kept under constant humidity conditions using a temperature and humidity control device. The ambient temperature can be set according to the research needs. The initial shrinkage deformation of the concrete member is obtained using a detection device. When studying drying shrinkage deformation, a self-shrinkage deformation test is simultaneously set as a control group. The temperature shrinkage deformation of the concrete member is the difference between the measured initial shrinkage deformation and the self-shrinkage deformation. For concrete-filled steel tubes, the steps are the same except that the steel tubes do not need to be removed, and will not be repeated here.

[0143] For concrete members with formwork, when measuring the drying shrinkage deformation, an isolation layer is laid on the inner wall of the formwork before filling it with concrete. This isolation layer reduces friction between the concrete and the formwork. After the concrete has initially set and the formwork has been removed, the isolation layer is removed from the surface of the concrete member. The concrete member is then placed in a temperature and humidity control device to maintain a constant temperature. The humidity of the environment surrounding the concrete member can be set according to research needs, but it must be ensured that the moisture inside the concrete member can exchange with the ambient moisture. The second shrinkage deformation of the concrete member is obtained using a detection device. When studying drying shrinkage deformation, a self-shrinkage deformation test should also be set up as a control group. The drying shrinkage deformation of the concrete member is the difference between the measured second shrinkage deformation and the self-shrinkage deformation. For concrete-filled steel tubes, the steps are the same except that the steel tube and isolation layer do not need to be removed, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] Optionally, the influence of the interface of the template or the interface of the steel pipe 6 on concrete shrinkage can also be studied based on the shrinkage deformation measurement method. It should be noted that the interface of the template is its inner wall, and the interface of the steel pipe is its inner wall. Taking steel-concrete composite tubing as an example, there is both bonding and friction between the steel pipe 6 and the concrete, meaning the steel pipe 6 hinders the shrinkage of the concrete. Two groups of steel-concrete composite tubing can be set up, both measuring the shrinkage of the concrete based on the shrinkage deformation measurement method. The difference is that one group has an isolation layer on the inner wall of the steel pipe 6 to reduce the friction between the concrete and the steel pipe, while the other group does not have an isolation layer on the inner wall of the steel pipe 6. By eliminating the interaction between the steel pipe 6 and the concrete through the isolation layer, the influence of the steel pipe 6 on concrete shrinkage can be studied. The experimental principle for the influence of the template on concrete shrinkage is the same as that for the influence of the steel pipe 6 on concrete shrinkage, except that the steel pipe 6 is replaced by a template.

[0145] Optionally, the shrinkage deformation measurement method can also measure the shrinkage pattern of concrete components in different directions. Specifically, this includes setting two sets of detection devices on the concrete component, with the measurement directions of the two sets of devices set at an angle, for example, they can be perpendicular to each other. Figure 3 As shown, one set of the two detection devices is used to detect the deformation in the length direction of the steel-concrete composite tube, and the other set is used to detect the deformation in the width direction. Figure 7 The image shows the use of two vibrating wire sensors to detect the deformation in the length and width directions of the steel-concrete composite pipe, respectively.

[0146] Optionally, the shrinkage deformation measurement method can also measure the shrinkage pattern at different locations of the concrete member. Specifically, this includes setting multiple detection devices on the concrete member, each device used to detect deformation at different locations within the concrete member. (Reference) Figure 10As shown, taking steel-concrete composite as an example, multiple rigid rod-type detection devices are set up, with each device's rigid rod pre-embedded at different depths within the concrete member to detect shrinkage deformation at different locations within the concrete member. Alternatively, multiple vibrating wire sensor-type detection devices can be set up, with each sensor pre-embedded at different depths within the concrete member to detect deformation at different locations within the concrete member. It should be noted that the pre-embedding depth mentioned here refers to the dimension from the surface of the concrete to its center.

[0147] The variable measurement method includes steps 100-400.

[0148] Step 100: Fill the template or steel pipe 6 with concrete.

[0149] Specifically, concrete is poured into the interior of the template or steel pipe 6 and then vibrated.

[0150] Step 200: Connect the detection device to the concrete component to detect the deformation of the concrete component.

[0151] Specifically, the detection device can be connected to the concrete component in the manner described above. It should be noted that, depending on the type of detection device, it can be connected to the concrete component before, during, or after pouring. After connecting the detection device to the concrete component, it can continuously monitor the deformation of the concrete component.

[0152] Step 300: For concrete members with formwork, remove the formwork after the concrete has initially set.

[0153] Specifically, for concrete members with formwork, the formwork needs to be removed before applying loads. For steel-tube concrete, however, it is not necessary to remove the steel tubes 6. Optionally, the concrete member can be initially set within a temperature and humidity control device to eliminate the influence of the environment on the concrete member.

[0154] Step 400: Apply load to the concrete member using a tension assembly.

[0155] Specifically, the process of applying load using a tension assembly can be referred to the relevant discussion above, and will not be repeated here. After the preset time for applying the load, the deformation of the concrete member can be obtained through a detection device. Similarly, the deformation minus the autogenous shrinkage deformation of the concrete member measured using the measurement method described above is the creep of the concrete member. It should be noted that the load applied to the concrete member using a tension assembly can be applied before or after pouring. Specifically, applying the load before pouring refers to applying initial stress to the steel pipe on the outside or the reinforcing steel inside the concrete member using a tension assembly. Applying the load after pouring refers to applying the load to the concrete member after pouring.

[0156] Alternatively, during the process of applying loads to concrete members using tension components, the concrete members can be placed inside a temperature and humidity control device to reduce the impact of ambient temperature and humidity on the creep of the concrete members.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the deformation of concrete components, characterized in that, include: A temperature and humidity regulating device, which is used to cover the outside of a concrete component and regulate the temperature and humidity values ​​on the outside of the concrete component. A detection device, which is used to connect with the concrete component and detect the deformation of the concrete component; A tension assembly, the two ends of which are respectively used to connect to the two ends of the concrete member, the tension assembly being used to tighten the two ends of the concrete member during the measurement of the creep of the concrete member, so as to apply a load to the concrete member; The detection device includes a pair of rigid rods (4), a displacement detection device, a vibrating wire sensor (7), and a strain gauge; the displacement detection device includes a target (36) and an ultrasonic detection device, or the displacement detection device is a dial indicator (23), which is mounted on one of the pair of rigid rods (4), and the measuring head of the dial indicator (23) abuts against the other of the pair of rigid rods (4); The vibrating wire sensor (7) is disposed on the outside of the concrete member and connected to the concrete member, or the vibrating wire sensor (7) is embedded in the concrete member; The strain gauge is used to be installed on the concrete member; The displacement detection device, the vibrating wire sensor, and the strain gauge simultaneously detect the deformation of the concrete component based on different measurement principles to cross-check each other. The detection device also includes a hose (34) and a rod (35). The rigid rod (4) is a hollow tube. The rigid rod (4) is connected to the target object (36) through the hose (34). Both the hose (34) and the target object (36) are used to be embedded in the concrete component. The rod (35) can be detachably inserted into the hose (34) and is used to support the hose (34) during the pouring process. The ultrasonic detection device is used to detect the position of the target object (36). When detecting the deformation of the concrete in the concrete member, the rigid rod (4) is used to extend into the concrete member to a preset depth. The concrete member deformation measuring device also includes a positioning clamp, which is used to position the rigid rod (4) when it is embedded into the concrete member. The positioning fixture includes a second sleeve (20), a second sealing gasket (19), a second nut (21), and a baffle (22). The rigid rod (4) located outside the concrete is fitted with the second sealing gasket (19) and the second sleeve (20) from the inside out. The second sealing gasket (19) is coaxial with and fits the inner wall of the second sleeve (20). The baffle (22) is set inside the second sleeve (20) and connected to the inner wall of the second sleeve (20). The baffle (22) has a central hole concentric with the inner wall of the second sleeve (20). The rigid rod (4) passes through the central hole of the baffle (22). At least two second nuts (21) are provided between the second sealing gasket (19) and the baffle (22) and are threaded to the rigid rod (4). The at least two second nuts (21) abut against the second sealing gasket (19) and the baffle (22) respectively. The second sleeve (20) is used to connect with the formwork or steel pipe (6) of the concrete component.

2. The concrete component deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity regulating device includes a guide structure (1), a lifting device (2), and a pair of detachably connected covers (3). The pair of covers (3) are spliced ​​together to form an outer cover that can be placed on the outside of the concrete component. The pair of covers (3) are slidably connected to the guide structure (1), and the pair of covers (3) can move closer to or further away from each other. The lifting device (2) is connected to the guide structure (1) and is used to drive the guide structure (1) to rise and fall.

3. The concrete component deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a feedback unit, a control unit, a display device, a storage unit, and a communication module; The detection device, the feedback unit, the display device, the storage unit, and the communication module are all connected to the control unit. The feedback unit is used to detect the temperature and humidity values ​​inside the temperature and humidity control device. The control unit controls the detection device and the feedback unit to perform synchronous detection. The control unit is used to process the deformation amount, temperature value and humidity value and generate time functions of deformation amount, temperature value and humidity value respectively. The display device is used to display the time functions. The communication module is used to transmit the time functions. The storage unit is used to store the time functions.

4. The concrete component deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete component is a steel-concrete composite structure, and when the detection device detects the deformation of the steel pipe (6) of the concrete component, the rigid rod (4) is connected to the steel pipe (6) of the concrete component.

5. The concrete component deformation measuring device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Under the condition that the vibrating wire sensor (7) is pre-embedded inside the concrete component, the vibrating wire sensor (7) is connected to the reinforcing steel of the concrete component, or the concrete component deformation measuring device further includes a bracket (28) for installing the vibrating wire sensor (7), the bracket being pre-embedded inside the concrete component.

6. The concrete component deformation measuring device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes end plates (8), with the end plates (8) provided at both ends of the concrete member. The tension assembly includes a force measuring device (9), a pair of tension members, a locking member, and an elastic member (12). The pair of tension members are connected through the force measuring device (9). The pair of tension members pass through the end plates (8) at both ends of the concrete member and are connected to the corresponding locking members. At least one locking member is provided with the elastic member (12) between it and the corresponding end plate (8). The elastic member is used to compensate for the load unloaded due to the creep of the concrete member.

7. The concrete component deformation measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a loading device, a reaction frame, a platform, a loading plate, a positioning plate (13), and a pad (14). The reaction frame is disposed on the platform. The loading device is installed on the reaction frame and is used to load the concrete component. The positioning plate is connected to the platform and the positioning plate (13) is provided with a positioning groove. The pad (14) is disposed in the positioning groove. The pad (14) is provided with a clearance hole for the tension member to extend into. The cross-sectional area of ​​the clearance hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the locking member. When the tension member is placed into the clearance hole, the geometric center of the concrete component coincides with the center of the loading device. The loading plate is disposed on the end of the concrete component that abuts against the loading device, and the center of the loading plate coincides with the center of the concrete component.

8. A method for measuring the deformation of concrete components, characterized in that, The concrete member deformation measuring device according to any one of claims 1-7 is implemented, including a shrinkage deformation measuring method and a creep measuring method; The shrinkage deformation measurement method includes: Fill the formwork or steel pipe (6) with concrete; The detection device is connected to the concrete component to detect the deformation of the concrete component. The concrete component is placed into the temperature and humidity regulating device, and the temperature and humidity on the outside of the concrete component are regulated by the temperature and humidity regulating device. The method for measuring creep includes: Fill the formwork or steel pipe (6) with concrete; The detection device is connected to the concrete component to detect the deformation of the concrete component. The load is applied to the concrete member using the tension component.

9. The method for measuring the deformation of concrete components according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for measuring the autogenous shrinkage deformation of the concrete component includes: laying an isolation layer on the inner wall of the formwork or steel pipe before filling the formwork or steel pipe with concrete; the isolation layer is used to reduce the friction between the concrete and the formwork or steel pipe; the concrete component is kept under constant temperature and humidity conditions by the temperature and humidity control device; the isolation layer is used to prevent the concrete from exchanging moisture with the outside environment; and the autogenous shrinkage deformation of the concrete component is obtained by the detection device. When measuring the temperature shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the aforementioned shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: before filling the formwork or steel pipe with concrete, laying an isolation layer on the inner wall of the formwork or steel pipe to reduce friction between the concrete and the formwork or steel pipe; adjusting the temperature and humidity on the outside of the concrete component using the aforementioned temperature and humidity regulating device to ensure the concrete component is under constant humidity conditions; obtaining the first shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the aforementioned detection device; and obtaining the temperature shrinkage deformation of the concrete component based on the first shrinkage deformation and the self-shrinkage deformation. When measuring the drying shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: adjusting the temperature and humidity on the outside of the concrete component using the temperature and humidity regulating device to keep the concrete component under constant temperature conditions; obtaining the second shrinkage deformation of the concrete component using the detection device; and obtaining the drying shrinkage deformation of the concrete component based on the second shrinkage deformation and the self-shrinkage deformation.

10. The method for measuring the deformation of concrete components according to claim 8, characterized in that, When measuring the effect of the interface on the shrinkage deformation of concrete components using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: setting up two sets of concrete components, and setting an isolation layer on the inner wall of the steel pipe or formwork of one set of concrete components. The isolation layer is used to reduce the friction between the concrete and the formwork or steel pipe. When measuring the shrinkage pattern of a concrete component in different directions using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: setting two sets of the detection devices on the concrete component, with the measurement directions of the two sets of the detection devices set at an angle; When measuring the shrinkage pattern at different locations of a concrete component using the shrinkage deformation measurement method, the method includes: setting multiple detection devices on the concrete component, with each detection device used to detect the deformation at different locations of the concrete component.

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