A transmission array unit and compact arbitrary polarization rotating transmission array lens

Abstract

The application discloses a transmission array unit, which comprises a first metal layer, a first interval air waveguide layer, a second metal layer, a second interval air waveguide layer and a third metal layer which are sequentially stacked; an elliptical through hole is formed on the metal layer, and a regular polygonal through hole is formed on the interval air waveguide layer; when linearly polarized plane waves enter the transmission array unit from above, polarization conversion of the linearly polarized waves occurs. The application also provides a compact transmission array lens capable of rotating any polarization, which comprises a mounting base, a circular polarizer and a polarization converter; the circular polarizer and the polarization converter are both disc structures and are coaxially arranged on the mounting base; the circular polarizer can rotate around the axis relative to the polarization converter, and the polarization converter can rotate around the axis relative to the circular polarizer; the circular polarizer comprises a transmission array unit, and the polarization converter comprises a transmission array unit; when plane waves are incident vertically on the polarization converter, the effect of arbitrary polarization control can be realized by rotating the polarization converter and the circular polarizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave antenna technology, and in particular to a transmission array element and a compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens. Background Technology

[0002] Polarization is a crucial characteristic of electromagnetic waves. For satellite communications, a smooth link requires not only that the ground antenna beam be pointed precisely at the satellite, but also that the polarization of the ground antenna matches the polarization of the satellite beam. The polarization of an electromagnetic wave is determined by the trajectory of the electric field vector trailing the wave along its propagation direction. When the trajectory of the electric field vector trail is a straight line, a circle, or an ellipse, the corresponding polarization states are linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization, respectively. Based on the direction of rotation of the trajectory of the electric field vector trail, (elliptical) polarized waves can be further classified into left-handed and right-handed (elliptical) polarized waves.

[0003] With the development of technologies such as pulsed power, plasma physics, and relativistic vacuum electronics, high-power microwave technology has rapidly developed and matured in application. High-power microwave weapons radiate high-power microwaves directionally through gain antennas, concentrating energy within a relatively narrow beam to radiate targets with high power density, thereby damaging enemy electronic equipment. With the informatization of weaponry and the weaponization of information systems, the combat application of high-power microwave weapons is becoming increasingly widespread. However, striking target electronic equipment requires high-power microwaves with specific polarizations to be effective. Currently, most high-power microwave radiating antennas have a single polarization, which is only effective against electronic equipment receiving specific polarizations. Therefore, to improve the effectiveness of high-power microwave antennas, it is necessary to enrich and develop arbitrary polarization radiation technology, enabling a high-power microwave weapon to target electronic equipment with any polarization. Dual-transmission array antennas, as a type of phase-shiftable amplitude-modulated microwave polarization transmission device, have become a hot topic in industry research and application in recent years due to their planar structure and high power capacity.

[0004] The dual-transmission array lens antenna consists of a variable-polarization array lens and a circular-polarization array lens. Its transmission principle is roughly as follows: When a linearly polarized plane wave illuminates each element of the transmission array surface, the linearly polarized wave can be decomposed into two orthogonal polarization components E, one parallel to the major axis of the elliptical aperture and the other parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture. x and E y These two polarization components have the same initial phase, and their amplitudes are determined by the polarization direction of the incident linearly polarized wave. Therefore, by rotating the transmission array antenna, the amplitude E can be controlled when a linearly polarized plane wave is input. x and E yThe amplitude ratio enables amplitude modulation polarization. Furthermore, since the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the major axis is greater than that of the polarization component parallel to the minor axis, these two polarization components will generate a phase difference after transmission over a certain distance, thus enabling phase shift polarization.

[0005] Therefore, existing polarization transformation principles can be divided into two types: phase-shifting polarization transformation and amplitude-modulated polarization transformation;

[0006] (1) Phase-shifting polarization transformation: decomposes the incident linearly polarized wave into two orthogonal components, namely E x and E y Polarization can be transformed by controlling the phase difference between the two components, which is commonly seen in linear-circular polarization conversion.

[0007] (2) Amplitude Modulation Polarization Transformation: The incident linearly polarized wave is decomposed into two orthogonal components, namely E x and E y Polarization can be transformed by controlling the amplitude ratio of the two components, which is commonly seen in line-to-line polarization conversion.

[0008] A single transmission mirror can only achieve phase-shifting or amplitude-modulated polarization transformations, and can only achieve linear-to-circular polarization transformations or linear-to-circular polarization rotations by 180°, but cannot achieve arbitrary polarization transformations. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the above-mentioned problems, this invention overcomes at least one of them by proposing a transmission array unit and a compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0011] This application provides a transmission array unit, including: a first metal layer, a first spaced air waveguide layer, a second metal layer, a second spaced air waveguide layer, and a third metal layer;

[0012] The first metal layer, the first spaced air waveguide layer, the second metal layer, the second spaced air waveguide layer, and the third metal layer are all equal-sized regular polygonal plates and are stacked sequentially to form a columnar structure. The side length of the regular polygonal plate is d0.

[0013] Elliptical through holes are formed on the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the third metal layer. The elliptical through holes of each metal layer are aligned with each other. The ellipticity of the elliptical through hole is e, the major axis dimension is a, and the major axis direction of the elliptical through hole forms an angle θ with the horizontal direction. Each metal layer has the same thickness d1.

[0014] The first and second spacer air waveguide layers have the same thickness, d2. A regular polygonal through-hole is formed on the spacer air waveguide layer. The distance from the wall of the regular polygonal through-hole to the outer wall of the polygonal plate is equal, and the side length of the regular polygonal through-hole is d3.

[0015] A transmission array unit, formed by combining regularly polygonal spaced air waveguide layers with elliptical metal aperture layers, allows electromagnetic waves to enter from above. When a linearly polarized plane wave enters the transmission array unit, the polarization component parallel to the major axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase ahead, while the polarization component parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. Therefore, after passing through the transmission array unit, a phase difference is generated between the waves in the two polarization directions. After propagating over a certain distance, when the polarization component parallel to the minor axis and the polarization component parallel to the major axis develop a phase difference, the linearly polarized wave undergoes a polarization transformation.

[0016] This transmission array element is used in a circular polarizer. When an electromagnetic wave is incident from above, a linearly polarized plane wave enters the transmission array element. The polarization component of the linearly polarized wave parallel to the major axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase ahead, while the polarization component parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. If the polarization direction of the wave makes an angle of exactly 45° with the major axis of the elliptical aperture, the component of the linearly polarized plane wave parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. Therefore, after passing through the transmission array element, the waves in the two polarization directions will have a phase difference. After propagation over a certain distance, when the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the minor axis lags behind the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the major axis by 90°, the linear polarization transforms into a circularly polarized wave.

[0017] This transmission array element is used in a variable polarizer. When an electromagnetic wave is incident from above, a linearly polarized plane wave enters the transmission array element. The polarization component of the linearly polarized wave parallel to the major axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase ahead, while the polarization component parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. If the polarization direction of the wave makes a 90° angle with the major axis of the elliptical aperture, the component of the linearly polarized plane wave parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. Therefore, after passing through the transmission array element, the waves in the two polarization directions will have a phase difference. After propagation over a certain distance, when the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the minor axis lags behind the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the major axis by 180°, the linear polarization still transforms into a linearly polarized wave.

[0018] Furthermore, the first metal layer, the first spacer air waveguide layer, the second metal layer, the second spacer air waveguide layer, and the third metal layer are all hexagonal plates of equal size, and the regular polygonal vias on the spacer air waveguide layer are hexagonal vias.

[0019] The hexagonal shape of the plate structure allows the walls of the elliptical through holes to have a larger area difference relative to the surrounding metal plate walls.

[0020] Furthermore, the major axis dimension a of the elliptical through hole and the side length d0 of the regular hexagonal plate layer satisfy the relationship a = 0.86 × d0 - 1.6.

[0021] The relationship is used to control the major axis dimension a of the elliptical through hole to be less than the side length d0 of the regular hexagonal plate layer.

[0022] In practical use, the major axis dimension 'a' of the elliptical through hole and the side length 'd0' of the regular hexagonal plate layer are substituted into the above formula in millimeters.

[0023] This application also provides a compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens, including a mounting base, a circular polarizer, and a variable polarizer;

[0024] Both the circular polarizer and the variable polarizer are disc structures and are arranged on the mounting base with their central axes coinciding. The circular polarizer can rotate relative to the variable polarizer around its axis, and the variable polarizer can rotate relative to the circular polarizer around its axis.

[0025] The circular polarizer includes at least one transmission array unit, which is the transmission array unit described above.

[0026] The polarizer includes at least one transmission array unit, which is the transmission array unit described above.

[0027] The axis of the elliptical through-hole of the transmission array unit of the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer coincides with or is parallel to the axis of the transmission array lens.

[0028] In actual use, the incident wave first passes through the variable polarizer and then through the circular polarizer.

[0029] When a plane wave is incident perpendicularly to the polarizer, arbitrary polarization control can be achieved through rotating polarizers and circular polarizers:

[0030] (1) When the circular polarizer rotates to the point where the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave forms an angle of 0° / 90° / 180° with the major axis of the ellipse, the circular polarizer can only transmit linearly polarized waves. Furthermore, since changing the angle between the polarization direction of the input linearly polarized wave and the major axis of the ellipse only changes the output direction of the linearly polarized wave when the linearly polarized wave passes through the variable polarizer, this only changes the output direction of the linearly polarized wave. Therefore, when the output wave of the variable polarizer and the circular polarizer are fixed at 0° / 90° / 180°, rotating the variable polarizer and the circular polarizer together can generate linearly polarized waves with arbitrary polarization directions.

[0031] (2) Achieve left-handed / right-handed circularly polarized wave output: No matter how the polarizer is rotated, as long as the linearly polarized wave output by the polarizer enters the circularly polarizer with a polarization angle of 45°, the output wave is a left-handed circularly polarized wave; as long as the linearly polarized wave output by the polarizer enters the circularly polarizer with a polarization angle of 135°, the output wave is a right-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0032] (3) The rotating circular polarizer ensures that the ellipticity of the output ellipticized wave is α. Since when a linearly polarized wave passes through a variable polarizer, changing the angle between the polarization direction of the input linearly polarized wave and the major axis of the ellipse only changes the output direction of the linearly polarized wave. Therefore, when the output wave of the variable polarizer and the circular polarizer are fixed to form α, rotating the variable polarizer and the circular polarizer together can form an ellipticized wave with any polarization direction.

[0033] Traditional dual-photometer rotator-based optical links are complex and require a large space. In contrast, the polarizer of the transmission array lens of this invention is coaxially positioned above the circular polarizer. Compared with the traditional dual-photometer rotator structure, it is more compact, has a simpler optical link, and is easier to process and manufacture.

[0034] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the circular polarizer is the same as that of the variable polarizer.

[0035] The circular polarizer has the same outer diameter as the variable polarizer to ensure that the transmitted electromagnetic waves are not lost.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer diameters of both the circular polarizer and the variable polarizer are greater than 17 cm.

[0037] Furthermore, the circular polarizer includes 85 transmission array units, which are arranged in a periodic array in sequence. The major axis of the elliptical through-hole of each transmission array unit forms an angle θ1 of equal size with the perpendicular bisector of the vertical side of the regular hexagon.

[0038] The variable polarizer includes 65 transmission array units, which are arranged in a periodic array. The major axis of the elliptical through-hole of each transmission array unit forms an equal angle θ2 with the perpendicular bisector of the vertical side of the regular hexagon.

[0039] The value of θ1 is 45°, and the value of θ2 is 90°.

[0040] The outer diameter of the circular polarizer and the variable polarizer is greater than 17cm, and they are arranged in periodic arrays of 85 and 65 transmission array elements, respectively, which can achieve a transmission power capacity of 10GW.

[0041] Furthermore, the angle difference between θ1 and θ2 is 45°.

[0042] Furthermore, in the transmission array unit of the circular polarizer, the side length d0 of the regular polygonal plate layer is 5 to 20 mm, the ellipticity e of the elliptical via is 0.2 to 0.8645, the thickness d1 of the metal layer is 1 to 15 mm, the thickness d2 of the spacer air waveguide layer is 1 to 15 mm, and the side length d3 of the regular polygonal via is 0.4 to 1 mm.

[0043] Furthermore, in the transmission array unit of the variable polarizer, the side length d0 of the regular polygonal plate layer is 5 to 30 mm, the ellipticity e of the elliptical via is 0.2 to 0.8645, the thickness d1 of the metal layer is 1 to 20 mm, the thickness d2 of the spacer air waveguide layer is 1 to 20 mm, and the side length d3 of the regular polygonal via is 0.5 to 0.9247 mm.

[0044] Furthermore, the mounting base is provided with a rotary port, which is used to rotate the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer from the outside; the inner peripheral side wall of the mounting base is provided with a rotating rail or a rail groove, and the outer peripheral wall of the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer is provided with a rail groove or a rotating rail, the rotating rail cooperating with the rail groove to rotate the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer onto the mounting base respectively.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0046] (1) When a plane wave is incident on the vertical polarizer, the effect of arbitrary polarization control is achieved by rotating the polarizer and the circular polarizer.

[0047] (2) The outer diameter of the circular polarizer and the variable polarizer is greater than 17cm, and 85 and 65 transmission array units are arranged in a periodic array respectively, which can achieve a transmission power capacity of 10GW.

[0048] (3) The polarizer of the transmission array lens of the present invention is coaxially arranged above the circular polarizer, which is more compact than the traditional double reflection grating rotation structure, has a simpler optical link, and is easier to process and manufacture.

[0049] (4) When the transmission array lens of the present invention is used in antenna equipment, it can enable the antenna to achieve high-efficiency transmission, and the transmission efficiency can reach more than 98% within the bandwidth range. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the transmission array unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the metal layer axial structure of the transmission array unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a top-view structural diagram of the metal layer of the transmission array unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the spaced air waveguide layer of the transmission array unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a top-view structural diagram of the spaced air waveguide layer of the transmission array unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the transmission array lens according to an embodiment of the present invention (hidden mounting base);

[0056] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the circular polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a top view schematic diagram of the polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the ellipticity of the output wave of the circular polarizer as a function of the polarization direction in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the phase difference of the input linearly polarized wave of the variable polarizer as a function of the polarization direction in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] The labels for the attached figures are as follows:

[0061] 1. First metal layer; 2. First spaced air waveguide layer; 3. Second metal layer; 4. Second spaced air waveguide layer; 5. Third metal layer; 6. Transmission array element; 7. Variable polarizer; 8. Circular polarizer. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this application provides a transmission array unit, including: a first metal layer 1, a first spaced air waveguide layer 2, a second metal layer 3, a second spaced air waveguide layer 4, and a third metal layer 5;

[0064] The first metal layer 1, the first spaced air waveguide layer 2, the second metal layer 3, the second spaced air waveguide layer 4, and the third metal layer 5 are all equal-sized regular polygonal plates and are stacked sequentially to form a columnar structure. The side length of the regular polygonal plate is d0.

[0065] Elliptical through holes are formed on the first metal layer 1, the second metal layer 3 and the third metal layer 5. The elliptical through holes of each metal layer are aligned with each other. The ellipticity of the elliptical through holes is e, the major axis dimension is a, and the major axis direction of the elliptical through holes forms an angle θ with the horizontal direction. Each metal layer has the same thickness d1.

[0066] The first spacer air waveguide layer 2 and the second spacer air waveguide layer 4 have the same thickness, d2. Regular polygonal through holes are formed on the spacer air waveguide layers. The distance from the hole wall of the regular polygonal through hole to the outer wall of the polygonal plate is equal, and the side length of the regular polygonal through hole is d3.

[0067] The transmission array unit 6, formed by combining a regular polygonal spaced air waveguide layer with an elliptical metal aperture layer, allows electromagnetic waves to enter from above. When a linearly polarized plane wave enters the transmission array unit 6, the polarization component parallel to the major axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase ahead, while the polarization component parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. Therefore, after passing through the transmission array unit 6, a phase difference is generated between the waves in the two polarization directions. After propagation over a certain distance, when the polarization component parallel to the minor axis and the polarization component parallel to the major axis generate a phase difference, the linearly polarized wave undergoes a polarization transformation.

[0068] This transmission array unit is used in circular polarizer 8. When an electromagnetic wave is incident from above, and a linearly polarized plane wave enters the transmission array unit 6, the polarization component of the linearly polarized wave parallel to the major axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase ahead, while the polarization component parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. If the polarization direction of the wave is exactly at a 45° angle to the major axis of the elliptical aperture, the component of the linearly polarized plane wave parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. Therefore, after passing through the transmission array unit 6, the waves in the two polarization directions will have a phase difference. After propagation over a certain distance, when the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the minor axis lags behind the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the major axis by 90°, the linear polarization transforms into a circularly polarized wave.

[0069] This transmission array unit is used in the variable polarizer 7. When an electromagnetic wave is incident from above, and a linearly polarized plane wave enters the transmission array unit 6, the polarization component of the linearly polarized wave parallel to the major axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase ahead, while the polarization component parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. If the polarization direction of the wave is exactly at a 90° angle to the major axis of the elliptical aperture, the component of the linearly polarized plane wave parallel to the minor axis of the elliptical aperture is in phase behind. Therefore, after passing through the transmission array unit 6, the waves in the two polarization directions will have a phase difference. After transmission over a certain distance, when the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the minor axis lags behind the phase velocity of the polarization component parallel to the major axis by 180°, the linear polarization still transforms into a linearly polarized wave.

[0070] In this embodiment, the spacer air waveguide layer is made of a metallic material.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first metal layer, the first spacer air waveguide layer, the second metal layer, the second spacer air waveguide layer, and the third metal layer are all hexagonal plates of equal size, and the regular polygonal vias on the spacer air waveguide layer are hexagonal vias.

[0072] The hexagonal shape of the plate structure allows the walls of the elliptical through holes to have a larger area difference relative to the surrounding metal plate walls.

[0073] In this embodiment, the major axis dimension a of the elliptical through hole and the side length d0 of the regular hexagonal plate layer satisfy the relationship a = 0.86 × d0 - 1.6.

[0074] The formula is used to control the major axis dimension 'a' of the elliptical through hole to be less than the side length 'd0' of the regular hexagonal plate layer.

[0075] like Figures 6-8 As shown, this application also provides a compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens, including a mounting base, a circular polarizer 8, and a variable polarizer 7;

[0076] Both the circular polarizer 8 and the variable polarizer 7 are disc structures, and are mounted on the mounting base with their central axes coinciding. The circular polarizer 8 can rotate relative to the variable polarizer 7 around its axis, and the variable polarizer 7 can rotate relative to the circular polarizer 8 around its axis.

[0077] The circular polarizer 8 includes at least one transmission array element 6, and the transmission array element 6 may be one or more transmission array elements.

[0078] The variable polarizer 7 includes at least one transmission array element 6, and the transmission array element 6 may be one or more transmission array elements.

[0079] The axis of the elliptical through-hole of the transmission array unit of the circular polarizer 8 and / or the variable polarizer 7 coincides with or is parallel to the axis of the transmission array lens.

[0080] In actual use, the incident wave first passes through the variable polarizer 7, and then through the circular polarizer 8.

[0081] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, when a plane wave is incident perpendicularly to the polarizer 7, arbitrary polarization control is achieved through the rotational polarizer 7 and the circular polarizer 8:

[0082] (1) When the circular polarizer 8 rotates to the point where the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave forms an angle of 0° / 90° / 180° with the major axis of the ellipse, the circular polarizer 8 can only transmit linearly polarized waves. Furthermore, since changing the angle between the polarization direction of the input linearly polarized wave and the major axis of the ellipse only changes the output direction of the linearly polarized wave when the linearly polarized wave passes through the variable polarizer 7, this change only alters the output direction of the linearly polarized wave. Therefore, when the output wave of the variable polarizer 7 and the circular polarizer 8 are fixed at 0° / 90° / 180°, rotating the variable polarizer 7 and the circular polarizer 8 together can generate linearly polarized waves with arbitrary polarization directions.

[0083] (2) Achieve left-handed / right-handed circularly polarized wave output: No matter how the polarizer 7 is rotated, as long as the linearly polarized wave output by the polarizer 7 enters the circularly polarizer 8 with a polarization angle of 45°, the output wave is a left-handed circularly polarized wave; as long as the linearly polarized wave output by the polarizer 7 enters the circularly polarizer 8 with a polarization angle of 135°, the output wave is a right-handed circularly polarized wave.

[0084] (3) The circular polarizer 8 can realize any change in the ellipticity of the ellipse. To achieve arbitrary elliptic polarization, it is only necessary to rotate the circular polarizer 8 by an angle α. If it is necessary to achieve an ellipticity of 30° and a rotation angle of 25°, rotate the output angle of the circular polarizer 8 by 25°. Then, when the output linear polarized wave of the variable polarizer 7 after rotation is incident on the circular polarizer 8, the polarization direction is 30° with the circular polarizer 8.

[0085] Traditional dual-photometer rotator-based optical arrays have complex quasi-optical links and large space requirements. In contrast, the polarizer 7 of the transmission array lens of this invention is coaxially positioned above the circular polarizer 8. Compared with the traditional dual-photometer rotator structure, it is more compact, has a simpler optical link, and is easier to process and manufacture.

[0086] In this embodiment, the outer diameters of the circular polarizer 8 and the variable polarizer 7 are the same.

[0087] The circular polarizer 8 and the variable polarizer 7 have the same outer diameter to ensure that the transmitted electromagnetic waves are not lost.

[0088] In this embodiment, the outer diameters of both the circular polarizer 8 and the variable polarizer 7 are greater than 17 cm.

[0089] In this embodiment, the circular polarizer 8 includes 85 transmission array units, which are arranged in a periodic array in sequence. The major axis of the elliptical through-hole of each transmission array unit forms an angle θ1 of equal size with the perpendicular bisector of the vertical side of the regular hexagon.

[0090] The variable polarizer 7 includes 65 transmission array elements, which are arranged in a periodic array. The major axis of the elliptical through-hole of each transmission array element forms an equal angle θ2 with the perpendicular bisector of the vertical side of the regular hexagon.

[0091] The value of θ1 is 45°, and the value of θ2 is 90°.

[0092] The outer diameters of the circular polarizer 8 and the variable polarizer 7 are greater than 17cm, and 85 and 65 transmission array elements are arranged in a periodic array, respectively, which can achieve a transmission power capacity of 10GW.

[0093] In this embodiment, the angle difference between θ1 and θ2 is 45°.

[0094] In this embodiment, in the transmission array unit of the circular polarizer 8, the side length d0 of the regular polygonal plate layer is 18.6 mm, the ellipticity e of the elliptical via is 0.78, the metal layer thickness d1 is 4.3 mm, the thickness d2 of the spacer air waveguide layer is 8.6 mm, and the side length d3 of the regular polygonal via is 0.84 mm.

[0095] In this embodiment, in the transmission array unit of the polarizer 7, the side length d0 of the regular polygonal plate is 19.95 mm, the ellipticity e of the elliptical via is 0.71, the metal layer thickness d1 is 15.1 mm, the thickness d2 of the spacer air waveguide layer is 8.72 mm, and the side length d3 of the regular polygonal via is 0.84 mm.

[0096] In this embodiment, the mounting base is provided with a rotary port, which is used to rotate the circular polarizer 8 and / or the variable polarizer 7 from the outside; a rotating rail is provided on the inner peripheral side wall of the mounting base, and a rail groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the circular polarizer 8 and / or the variable polarizer 7. The rotating rail and the rail groove cooperate to rotate the circular polarizer 8 and / or the variable polarizer 7 onto the mounting base respectively.

[0097] In other embodiments, a groove is provided on the inner peripheral sidewall of the mounting base, and a rotating rail is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the circular polarizer 8 and / or the variable polarizer 7. The rotating rail cooperates with the groove to rotate the circular polarizer 8 and / or the variable polarizer 7 onto the mounting base respectively.

[0098] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, whether directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transmission array element, characterized in that, include: A first metal layer, a first spaced air waveguide layer, a second metal layer, a second spaced air waveguide layer, and a third metal layer; The first metal layer, the first spaced air waveguide layer, the second metal layer, the second spaced air waveguide layer, and the third metal layer are all equal-sized regular polygonal plates and are stacked sequentially to form a columnar structure. The side length of the regular polygonal plate is d0. Elliptical through holes are formed on the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the third metal layer. The elliptical through holes of each metal layer are aligned with each other. The ellipticity of the elliptical through hole is e, the major axis dimension is a, and the major axis direction of the elliptical through hole forms an angle θ with the horizontal direction. Each metal layer has the same thickness d1. The first spacer air waveguide layer and the second spacer air waveguide layer have the same thickness, d2. Regular polygonal through holes are formed on the spacer air waveguide layer. The distance from the hole wall of the regular polygonal through hole to the outer wall of the polygonal plate is equal. The side length of the regular polygonal through hole is d3. The regular polygonal through hole includes regular hexagonal through holes.

2. A transmission array element as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first metal layer, the first spacer air waveguide layer, the second metal layer, the second spacer air waveguide layer, and the third metal layer are all hexagonal plates of equal size, and the regular polygonal through holes on the spacer air waveguide layer are regular hexagonal through holes.

3. A transmission array element as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The major axis dimension a of the elliptical through hole and the side length d0 of the regular hexagonal plate layer satisfy the relationship a = 0.86 × d0 - 1.

6.

4. A compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens, characterized in that, Includes mounting base, circular polarizer, and variable polarizer; Both the circular polarizer and the variable polarizer are disc structures and are arranged on the mounting base with their central axes coinciding. The circular polarizer can rotate relative to the variable polarizer around its axis, and the variable polarizer can rotate relative to the circular polarizer around its axis. The circular polarizer includes multiple transmission array units, which are arranged in a periodic array in sequence. The transmission array unit is the transmission array unit described in any one of claims 1 to 3. The variable polarizer includes multiple transmission array units, which are arranged in a periodic array in sequence. The transmission array unit is the transmission array unit described in any one of claims 1 to 3. The axis of the elliptical through-hole of the transmission array unit of the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer coincides with or is parallel to the axis of the transmission array lens. The incident wave passes through the variable polarizer first and then through the circular polarizer.

5. A compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The circular polarizer has the same outer diameter as the variable polarizer.

6. A compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The circular polarizer includes 85 transmission array units, which are arranged in a periodic array. The major axis of the elliptical through-hole of each transmission array unit forms an angle θ1 of equal size with the perpendicular bisector of the vertical side of the regular hexagon. The polarizer includes 65 transmission array elements, which are arranged in a periodic array. The major axis of the elliptical through-hole of each transmission array element forms an angle θ2 of equal size with the perpendicular bisector of the vertical side of the regular hexagon.

7. A compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The angle difference between θ1 and θ2 is 45°.

8. A compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In the transmission array unit of the circular polarizer, the side length d0 of the regular polygonal plate layer is 5~20mm, the ellipticity e of the elliptical via is 0.2~0.8645, the thickness d1 of the metal layer is 1~15mm, the thickness d2 of the spacer air waveguide layer is 1~15mm, and the side length d3 of the regular polygonal via is 0.4~1mm.

9. A compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In the transmission array unit of the polarizer, the side length d0 of the regular polygonal plate layer is 5~30mm, the ellipticity e of the elliptical via is 0.2~0.8645, the thickness d1 of the metal layer is 1~20mm, the thickness d2 of the spacer air waveguide layer is 1~20mm, and the side length d3 of the regular polygonal via is 0.5~0.9247mm.

10. A compact, arbitrarily polarized rotating transmission array lens as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting base is provided with a rotary port, which is used to rotate the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer from the outside; the inner peripheral side wall of the mounting base is provided with a rotating rail or a rail groove, and the outer peripheral wall of the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer is provided with a rail groove or a rotating rail, the rotating rail cooperating with the rail groove to rotate the circular polarizer and / or the variable polarizer onto the mounting base respectively.

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