A microwave energy transmission system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a microwave energy transmission system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution. The microwave energy transmission system comprises a microwave signal source, a direct current power supply, a power amplifier, an amplitude pulse width modulation converter, a transceiving antenna, a microwave rectification circuit, a passive filter circuit, a load, a wireless communication unit and a control unit. The amplitude pulse width modulation converter is composed of an amplitude modulation converter and a pulse width modulation converter, and the pulse width modulation converter and the passive filter circuit constitute a "microwave embedded" Buck converter. The control unit acquires input voltage, input current and output voltage of the amplitude modulation converter, and load voltage and load current, executes a maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, and controls output voltage of the amplitude modulation converter and the load voltage. The application can realize stable load voltage and maximum efficiency transmission of the system under the condition that load demand and transmission distance change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a microwave power transfer system architecture and its control method based on amplitude pulse width modulation, which relates to microwave power transfer and power conversion technology and belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, various electrical and electronic devices have become indispensable in daily life, which places higher demands on the flexibility and reliability of power supply methods. However, wired power transmission technology has disadvantages such as complex lines and large space occupation. Therefore, it is extremely important to find a new power transmission method—wireless power transmission—to replace traditional wired power transmission. Microwave power transmission is one of the important directions of wireless power transmission technology. Compared with other wireless power transmission methods, it has advantages such as low space loss, long transmission distance, and accurate directional transmission, and has therefore received widespread attention and application.

[0003] Figure 1 The diagram shows the architecture of a traditional microwave power transfer system. To achieve system power control and overall system efficiency improvement, an additional power processing unit needs to be added between the microwave rectifier circuit at the receiving end and the load. Specifically, the MPPT converter realizes the maximum power output of the microwave rectifier circuit; the DC-DC converter stabilizes the load voltage; and the bidirectional DC-DC converter and the battery together achieve the matching of MPPT output power and load power. Obviously, the additional power processing unit has the following problems: (1) it only considers the efficiency improvement at the receiving end and ignores the impact of the transmitting end efficiency on the system efficiency; (2) the increase in the number of converters and stages will cause additional power loss; (3) the system architecture is complex, which increases the difficulty of system control. Therefore, it is crucial to find a simple and effective method for power control and maximum efficiency tracking of microwave power transfer systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology by proposing a microwave power transfer system architecture and its control method based on amplitude pulse width modulation, thereby solving the technical problem of complex architecture in existing microwave power transfer system power control and maximum efficiency tracking, and achieving the invention objective of simplifying and optimizing microwave power transfer system power control and maximum efficiency tracking.

[0005] The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation (PWM) includes a microwave signal source, a DC power supply, a power amplifier, an amplitude pulse width modulation converter, a transceiver antenna, a microwave rectifier circuit, a passive filter circuit, a load, a wireless communication unit, and a control unit. The amplitude pulse width modulation converter consists of an amplitude modulation converter and a pulse width modulation converter. Its input is connected to the DC power supply, and its output is connected to the positive terminal of the power amplifier's power supply. By adjusting the amplitude and pulse width of the output voltage of the amplitude pulse width modulation converter, the continuous microwave signal at the power amplifier's input can be converted into pulsed microwave power with adjustable amplitude and pulse width, which is then transmitted to the receiving end via the transceiver antenna. The microwave rectifier circuit converts the pulsed microwave power into pulsed electrical power. The input of the passive filter circuit is connected to the output of the microwave rectifier circuit, converting the pulsed electrical power into DC power for transmission to the load. The control unit acquires the input voltage, input current, and output voltage information of the amplitude modulation converter, as well as the load voltage and load current information transmitted by the wireless communication unit. It then executes a maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, amplitude modulation converter output voltage control, and load voltage control to achieve power control and maximum efficiency tracking of the microwave power transfer. The core of the microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation (PWM) for achieving system power control and maximum efficiency tracking (METS) is as follows: The output voltage reference signal of the amplitude modulation converter is adjusted in real time according to the METS algorithm. By controlling the output voltage of the amplitude modulation converter, the instantaneous output power of the power amplifier is dynamically changed, thereby adjusting the instantaneous power transfer of the system and thus regulating the system efficiency to ensure that the system operates at its maximum efficiency point. The PWM converter and passive filter circuit constitute a "microwave embedded" Buck converter. By dynamically changing the duty cycle of the PWM converter according to the load voltage control, the load voltage can be stabilized, thereby achieving system power control.

[0007] The amplitude modulation converter adopts a Buck circuit structure, consisting of a power supply, a first switching transistor, a first diode, a first inductor, and a first capacitor; the pulse width modulation converter is composed of a second switching transistor; the output of the amplitude modulation converter is connected to the input of the pulse width modulation converter.

[0008] The passive filter circuit consists of a second diode, a second inductor, and a second capacitor; in particular, the passive filter circuit and the second switching transistor of the pulse width modulation converter constitute a "microwave embedded" Buck converter.

[0009] The control unit includes a system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, an amplitude modulation converter output voltage control circuit, and a load voltage control circuit. The input signals for the system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm are the input voltage, input current, load voltage, and load current of the amplitude modulation converter; the output signal is connected to the reference signal of the amplitude modulation converter output voltage control circuit. The feedback signal of the amplitude modulation converter output voltage control circuit is the output voltage of the amplitude modulation converter, and the output signal is connected to the gate of the first switch of the amplitude modulation converter. The reference signal of the load voltage control circuit is the rated load voltage, the feedback signal is the load voltage, and the output signal is connected to the gate of the second switch of the pulse width modulation converter.

[0010] The system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm calculates the current system efficiency η(k) based on the input voltage, input current, load voltage, and load current of the amplitude modulation converter, and compares η(k) with the system efficiency η(k-1) of the previous moment. If η(k) > η(k-1), it indicates that the current system efficiency is greater than the previous moment's efficiency, but has not reached the maximum system efficiency. In this case, the increase / decrease of the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal remains unchanged in the next moment. If η(k) < η(k-1), it indicates that the current system efficiency is less than the previous moment's efficiency. In this case, the increase / decrease of the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal is inverted in the next moment. This process is repeated until η(k) = η(k-1), meaning the microwave energy transfer system efficiency reaches its maximum.

[0011] An amplitude modulation converter output voltage control circuit includes a first voltage regulator and a first PWM controller. The first voltage regulator includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, and a first operational amplifier. The first PWM controller includes a second operational amplifier and a first sawtooth wave power supply. One end of the first resistor is connected to the output voltage sampling signal of the amplitude modulation converter, and the other end is connected to one end of the third resistor and the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier. The other end of the third resistor is connected to one terminal of the first capacitor. The other terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier. One end of the second resistor is connected to the output signal of the system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, and the other end is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier. The inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the first sawtooth wave power supply and then grounded. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the gate of the first switching transistor of the amplitude modulation converter.

[0012] The load voltage control circuit includes a second voltage regulator and a second PWM controller. The second voltage regulator includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second capacitor, and a third operational amplifier. The second PWM controller includes a fourth operational amplifier and a second sawtooth wave power supply. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the load voltage sampling signal, and the other end is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and the inverting input of the third operational amplifier. The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one terminal of the second capacitor. The other terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the output of the third operational amplifier and the non-inverting input of the fourth operational amplifier. One end of the fifth resistor is connected to the load voltage reference signal, and the other end is connected to the non-inverting input of the third operational amplifier. The inverting input of the fourth operational amplifier is connected to the second sawtooth wave power supply and then grounded. The output of the fourth operational amplifier is connected to the gate of the second switching transistor of the pulse width modulation converter.

[0013] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) The microwave power transfer system architecture and control method based on amplitude pulse width modulation proposed in this invention can achieve power control and maximum efficiency tracking of the microwave power transfer system by adding only one stage converter, namely, adding a passive filter circuit and a second switch of the pulse width modulation converter to form a "microwave embedded" Buck converter, combined with the system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, amplitude modulation converter output voltage control and load voltage control.

[0015] (2) Compared with the traditional microwave power transfer system architecture, the MPPT converter, bidirectional DC-DC converter and battery are eliminated, simplifying the system complexity and avoiding the power loss caused by these additional circuits, thus truly realizing the system-level efficiency improvement of microwave power transfer. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the architecture of a traditional microwave power transfer system.

[0017] Figure 2 This invention relates to a microwave energy transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation.

[0018] Figure 3 This invention relates to a power circuit for a microwave power transfer system based on amplitude pulse width modulation.

[0019] Figure 4 This invention relates to a microwave energy transfer system control loop based on amplitude pulse width modulation.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the maximum efficiency tracking algorithm of the system of this invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the output voltage control circuit of the amplitude modulation converter of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is the load voltage control circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the system power control and maximum efficiency transmission concept under load demand changes of the present invention. (a) is the system output power waveform before load demand changes, (b) is the relationship curve between system output power and system efficiency, and (c) is the system output power waveform after load demand changes.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the system power control and maximum efficiency transmission concept under varying transmission distance of the present invention. In this diagram, (a) is the system output power waveform under varying transmission distance, and (b) is the relationship curve between system output power and system efficiency under varying transmission distance.

[0025] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: V in 1. Power supply, S1, first switching transistor, D1, first diode, L1, first inductor, C1, first capacitor, S2, second switching transistor, D2, second diode, L2, second inductor, C2, second capacitor, R1~R6, first to sixth resistors, C1, first capacitor, C2, second capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 2 The diagram shows a microwave power transmission system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation, including a microwave signal source, a DC power supply, a power amplifier, an amplitude pulse width modulation converter, a transceiver antenna, a microwave rectifier circuit, a passive filter circuit, a load, a wireless communication unit, and a control unit. The amplitude-to-pulse-width modulation (PWM) converter consists of an amplitude-to-modulation (AM) converter and a pulse-to-width modulation (PWM) converter. Its input is connected to a DC power supply, and its output is connected to the positive terminal of the power amplifier's power supply. By adjusting the amplitude and pulse width of the output voltage of the AM / PWM converter, the continuous microwave signal at the input of the power amplifier can be converted into pulsed microwave power with adjustable amplitude and pulse width, which is then transmitted to the receiving end through a transceiver antenna. The microwave rectifier circuit converts the pulsed microwave power into pulsed electrical power. The input of the passive filter circuit is connected to the output of the microwave rectifier circuit, which converts the pulsed electrical power into DC power for transmission to the load. The control unit acquires the input voltage, input current, and output voltage information of the AM / PWM converter, as well as the load voltage and load current information transmitted by the wireless communication unit. It then executes the system's maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, AM / PWM converter output voltage control, and load voltage control, thereby achieving power control and maximum efficiency tracking of the microwave power transmission system.

[0028] Figure 3The diagram shows the power circuit of a microwave power transfer system based on amplitude pulse width modulation (PWM), mainly consisting of an amplitude pulse width modulation converter, an "electric-microwave-electric" conversion unit, and a passive filter circuit. The amplitude pulse width modulation converter comprises an amplitude modulation converter and a pulse width modulation converter. The amplitude modulation converter uses a Buck circuit structure and is powered by a power supply V. in The system consists of a first switch S1, a first diode D1, a first inductor L1, and a first capacitor C1; a pulse width modulation converter is composed of a second switch S2, and the output terminal of the amplitude modulation converter is connected to the input terminal of the pulse width modulation converter; a power amplifier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving wire, and a microwave rectifier circuit form an "electric-microwave-electric" conversion unit; a passive filter circuit is composed of a second diode D2, a second inductor L2, and a second capacitor C2. In particular, the "electric-microwave-electric" conversion unit is embedded between the passive filter circuit and the pulse width modulation converter, and the passive filter circuit and the second switch S2 of the pulse width modulation converter constitute a "microwave-embedded" Buck converter.

[0029] Figure 4 The diagram shows the control loop of a microwave energy transfer system based on amplitude pulse width modulation (PWM). It mainly includes a system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, an amplitude modulation converter output voltage control circuit, and a load voltage control circuit. The input signal for the system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm is the input voltage v of the amplitude modulation converter. in Input current i in Load voltage v o and load current i o Output signal v PAref The reference signal for controlling the output voltage of the amplitude modulation converter is connected; the feedback signal for the output voltage control circuit of the amplitude modulation converter is the output voltage v of the amplitude modulation converter. PA The output signal is connected to the gate of the first switching transistor S1 of the amplitude modulation converter; the reference signal for the load voltage control circuit is the rated load voltage V. oref The feedback signal is the load voltage V. o The output signal is connected to the gate of the second switch S2 of the pulse width modulation converter.

[0030] Figure 5 The diagram shows the maximum efficiency tracking algorithm of the system, based on the input voltage v of the amplitude modulation converter. in Input current i in Load voltage v o and load current i o Calculate the system efficiency η(k) at the current moment.

[0031] (1)

[0032] Compare the difference between η(k) and the system efficiency η(k-1) at the previous moment. When η(k) - η(k-1) = 0, it indicates that the microwave energy transfer system efficiency has reached its maximum value, and there is no need to adjust the output voltage reference signal v of the amplitude modulation converter. PAref When η(k)-η(k-1)>0, it indicates that the system efficiency at the current moment is greater than the system efficiency at the previous moment, but has not reached the maximum system efficiency. The current output voltage reference signal v of the amplitude modulation converter is then used. PAref (k) and the previous output voltage reference signal v PAref (k-1) Perform a difference comparison, if v PAref (k)-v PAref If (k-1)>0, then the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal v will continue to increase in the next moment. PAref If v PAref (k)-v PAref If (k-1)<0, then the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal v will continue to decrease in the next moment. PAref The same applies when η(k)-η(k-1)<0.

[0033] Figure 6 The diagram shows the output voltage control circuit of an amplitude modulation converter, including a first voltage regulator and a first PWM controller. The first voltage regulator includes first to third resistors R1, R2, and R3, a first capacitor C1, and a first operational amplifier. The first PWM controller includes a second operational amplifier and a first sawtooth wave power supply V. ramp1 The amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal v PAref With feedback signal v PA The non-inverting and inverting inputs of the first operational amplifier are connected respectively through the second resistor R2 and the first resistor R1. The third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 form a negative feedback loop, continuously adjusting v. PA Until v PA =v PAref The output of the first operational amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier, and to the first sawtooth wave power supply V connected to the inverting input of the second operational amplifier. ramp1 The difference is calculated to generate a PWM wave that can drive the first switch S1 of the amplitude modulation converter.

[0034] Figure 7 The diagram shows a load voltage control circuit, including a second voltage regulator and a second PWM controller. The second voltage regulator includes resistors R4, R5, and R6 (fourth to sixth resistors), a second capacitor C2, and a third operational amplifier. The second PWM controller includes a fourth operational amplifier and a second sawtooth wave power supply V. ramp2 Load voltage reference signal v oref With feedback signal v oThe fifth resistor R5 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected to the non-inverting and inverting inputs of the third operational amplifier, respectively. The sixth resistor R6 and the second capacitor C2 form a negative feedback loop, continuously adjusting v. o Until v o =v oref The output of the third operational amplifier is connected to the non-inverting input of the fourth operational amplifier, and to the second sawtooth wave power supply V connected to the inverting input of the fourth operational amplifier. ramp2 The difference is calculated to generate a PWM wave that can drive the second switch S2 of the pulse width modulation converter.

[0035] Figure 8 and Figure 9 The main idea of ​​this invention is to maintain stable load voltage, thereby achieving power control and maximum system efficiency transmission under varying load demands and transmission distances.

[0036] Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the system power control and maximum efficiency transmission concept under varying load demands. Figure 8 In the figure, (b) is the curve showing the relationship between system output power and system efficiency. The system efficiency is related to the output power P. m When the maximum efficiency η is obtained m When the load power demand is P1, as shown in (a), if the system operates in continuous mode, i.e., point B as shown in (b), the system efficiency is η1; if the system operates in amplitude pulse width modulation mode, the system operates at point A as shown in (b) through the system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm and amplitude modulation converter output voltage control. In order to maintain load voltage stability, the duty cycle D1 is calculated through load voltage control, i.e., the system output power P during the time period from 0 to t1. m The efficiency is η m It stops working during the time period t1~t2, where T is the pulse width modulation period and the duty cycle D1=P1 / P. m Therefore, the equivalent system efficiency is η. m Similarly, when the load power demand is P2, as shown in (c), the system efficiency at point C in continuous mode (as shown in (b)) is η2; while the equivalent system efficiency in amplitude pulse width modulation mode is η. m At this time, the duty cycle D2 = P2 / P m .

[0037] Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the system power control and maximum efficiency transmission concept under varying transmission distances. Figure 9 In the diagram, (b) shows the relationship between system output power and system efficiency at transmission distances L1 and L2, respectively, and the system efficiency at output power P. m1 and P m2 When the maximum efficiency η is obtained m1and η m2 Assuming the load power demand is P1, as shown in (a), when the transmission distance is L1, the system efficiency at point C in continuous mode (as shown in (b)) is η1; while the equivalent system efficiency in amplitude pulse width modulation mode is η. m1 At this time, the duty cycle D1 = P1 / P m1 When the transmission distance is L2, the system efficiency at point D in continuous mode (b) is η2; while the equivalent system efficiency at amplitude pulse width modulation mode is η. m2 At this time, the duty cycle D2 = P1 / P m2 .

[0038] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation, characterized in that, include: A microwave signal source is used to generate continuous microwave signals. DC power supply, used to generate direct current. The power amplifier, with its positive power supply terminal connected to the output terminal of the amplitude-to-pulse-width converter, amplifies the power of the continuous microwave signal generated by the microwave signal source, outputting pulsed microwave power with adjustable amplitude and pulse width. An amplitude-to-pulse-width modulation (PWM) converter consists of an amplitude-to-modulation (AM) converter and a pulse-to-width modulation (PWM) converter. The input of the AM converter is connected to a DC power supply, and the input of the PWM converter is connected to its output. After converting the DC power generated by the DC power supply, the AM / PWM converter outputs a voltage with adjustable amplitude and pulse width. A transmitting antenna is used to radiate the pulsed microwave power output from the power amplifier into free space. A receiving antenna used to receive pulsed microwave power from free space. A microwave rectifier circuit rectifies the pulsed microwave power received by the receiving antenna and converts it into pulsed electrical power. A passive filter circuit, whose input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the microwave rectifier circuit, converts pulsed electrical power into DC power and provides it to the load. The wireless communication unit is used to transmit load voltage and load current information to the control unit, and... The control unit is used to receive input voltage, input current, output voltage information of the amplitude modulation converter, as well as load voltage and load current information. By executing the system maximum efficiency tracking algorithm, it generates a reference value for the output voltage of the amplitude modulation converter. By executing the output voltage control and load voltage control of the amplitude modulation converter, it generates control signals for the amplitude modulation converter and control signals for the pulse width modulation converter. The power amplifier, transmitting antenna, receiving wire, and microwave rectifier circuit constitute an electro-microwave-electro-electric conversion unit. The electro-microwave-electro-electric conversion unit is embedded between a passive filter circuit and a pulse width modulation converter. The passive filter circuit and the pulse width modulation converter constitute a microwave embedded Buck converter.

2. The microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amplitude modulation converter is a Buck converter, in which the gate of the power switch receives the control signal of the amplitude modulation converter.

3. The microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pulse width modulation converter is a power switch. The drain of the power switch is connected to the positive terminal of the output of the Buck converter, and the source of the power switch is connected to the positive terminal of the power amplifier. The gate of the power switch receives the control signal of the pulse width modulation converter. The negative terminal of the power amplifier and the negative terminal of the output of the amplitude modulation converter are grounded together.

4. The microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The passive filter circuit includes: a second diode, a second inductor, and a second capacitor. The cathode and anode of the second diode constitute the input terminal of the passive filter circuit. The cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the second inductor, the other end of the second inductor is connected to one terminal of the second capacitor, the other terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the two terminals of the second capacitor constitute the output terminal of the passive filter circuit.

5. The microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control unit includes: The system maximum efficiency tracking module receives input voltage and input current information of the amplitude modulation converter, as well as load voltage and load current information at its input terminal, and outputs reference value information of the amplitude modulation converter output voltage that meets the system maximum efficiency tracking requirements. An amplitude modulation converter output voltage control module receives the amplitude modulation converter output voltage information and the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference value information at its input terminal, adjusts the difference between the amplitude modulation converter output voltage and the reference value, and outputs a control signal for the amplitude modulation converter; and, The load voltage control module receives load voltage information and load voltage reference value information at its input terminal, adjusts the difference between the load voltage and the reference value, and outputs the control signal of the pulse width modulation converter.

6. The microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The amplitude modulation converter output voltage control module includes: The first voltage regulator comprises a first amplifier and its peripheral circuitry. The output voltage information of the amplitude modulation converter is connected to the inverting input of the first amplifier, and the output voltage reference value information of the amplitude modulation converter is connected to the non-inverting input of the first amplifier. The first PWM controller consists of a second amplifier and a first sawtooth wave power supply. The non-inverting input of the second amplifier is connected to the output of the first amplifier, and the inverting input of the second amplifier is connected to the first sawtooth wave power supply. The second amplifier outputs the control signal of the amplitude modulation converter.

7. The microwave power transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The load voltage control module includes: The second voltage regulator comprises a third amplifier and its peripheral circuitry. The load voltage information is input to the inverting input of the third amplifier, and the load voltage reference value information is input to the non-inverting input of the third amplifier. The second PWM controller consists of a fourth amplifier and a second sawtooth wave power supply. The non-inverting input of the fourth amplifier is connected to the output of the third amplifier, and the inverting input of the fourth amplifier is connected to the second sawtooth wave power supply. The fourth amplifier outputs the control signal of the pulse width modulation converter.

8. A control method for a microwave energy transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The input voltage and current information of the amplitude modulation converter, as well as the load voltage and load current information, are sampled. Calculate the system efficiency at the current moment based on the sampled information; When the system efficiency at the current moment is greater than the system efficiency at the previous moment, the change in the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal at the next moment remains unchanged. When the system efficiency at the current moment is less than the system efficiency at the previous moment, the change in the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal at the next moment is adjusted in the opposite direction. When the system efficiency at the current moment is equal to the system efficiency at the previous moment, the change in the amplitude modulation converter output voltage reference signal at the next moment is set to zero.

9. The control method for a microwave energy transfer system architecture based on amplitude pulse width modulation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The expression for calculating the system efficiency at the current moment based on the sampled information is as follows: Where η(k) is the system efficiency at the current time, v in i in The sampled values ​​of the input voltage and input current information of the amplitude modulation converter, v o i o These are sampled values ​​of load voltage and load current information.

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