Battery cell, battery, electric device, and manufacturing apparatus and method for battery cell

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a battery monomer, a battery, a power consumption equipment, and a manufacturing device and method of the battery monomer, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery monomer comprises a shell, an electrode assembly and a end cover assembly. The end cover assembly comprises an end cover and an electrode terminal, the end cover is used for covering the opening of the shell, and the electrode terminal is installed on the end cover and is used for being electrically connected with the electrode assembly. The end cover comprises a first body and a first protruding part, the first body has oppositely arranged first inner and outer surfaces, the first protruding part extends from the first inner surface to a first end surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly, a first recess recessed from the first outer surface in the direction facing the electrode assembly is formed at a position corresponding to the first protruding part on the first body, the first recess is configured to accommodate the electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal is located on the side of the first end surface away from the electrode assembly. The battery monomer with the structure reduces the length of the part of the electrode terminal protruding outside the first body, and can effectively improve the battery capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to battery cells, batteries, electrical devices, and equipment and methods for manufacturing battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the most commonly used batteries in vehicles are lithium-ion batteries. As a rechargeable battery, lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as small size, high energy density, high power density, many cycles, and long storage time.

[0003] The rechargeable battery includes a housing, an end cap assembly, and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly is located inside the housing, and the end cap assembly closes to the housing to provide a sealed environment for the electrode assembly.

[0004] For typical rechargeable batteries, battery capacity may be affected by the structure of individual battery cells. Therefore, how to improve battery capacity is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in battery technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a single battery cell that can effectively improve battery capacity.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell, comprising: a housing having an opening; an electrode assembly housed within the housing; and an end cap assembly including an end cap and an electrode terminal, the end cap being used to close the opening, the electrode terminal being mounted on the end cap and used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly; wherein the end cap includes a first body and a first protrusion, the first body having a first inner surface and a first outer surface arranged opposite to each other, the first protrusion extending from the first inner surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly to a first end face, a first recess being formed on the first body at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, the first recess being recessed from the first outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly, the first recess being configured to accommodate the electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being located on the side of the first end face away from the electrode assembly.

[0007] In the above solution, a first recess is formed on the first body of the end cap at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, recessed from the first outer surface in the direction facing the electrode assembly. The first recess can be used to accommodate the electrode terminal, thereby reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal protruding from the outside of the first body. Since the positions of the first protrusion and the first recess correspond, the first protrusion allows the first recess to be recessed as much as possible in the direction facing the electrode assembly, further reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal protruding from the outside of the first body, which can effectively improve the battery capacity. In addition, since the electrode terminal is located on the side of the first end face away from the electrode assembly, that is, the electrode terminal will not extend beyond the first end face in the direction facing the electrode assembly, the electrode terminal will not occupy the space inside the housing, freeing up more space for the electrode assembly inside the housing, which is beneficial to increasing the capacity of the battery cell.

[0008] In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the first recess extends beyond the first inner surface in the direction facing the electrode assembly; or, the bottom wall of the first recess is flush with the first inner surface.

[0009] In the above scheme, the bottom wall of the first recess extends beyond the first inner surface along the direction facing the electrode assembly, causing the first recess to be recessed into the first protrusion, thereby increasing the recess depth of the first recess and further reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal protruding outside the first body. Of course, the bottom wall of the first recess being flush with the first inner surface can also increase the recess depth of the first recess to reduce the length of the portion of the electrode terminal protruding outside the first body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the first recess is provided with a groove recessed in the direction facing the electrode assembly, and the electrode terminal portion is accommodated in the groove.

[0011] In the above scheme, the groove on the bottom wall of the first recess facilitates the positioning and installation of the electrode end cap.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electrode terminal includes a connector and a terminal body, the terminal body being electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the terminal body being mounted to the end cap via the connector; wherein the connector is at least partially accommodated in the groove and fixed to the sidewall or bottom wall of the groove.

[0013] In the above scheme, the terminal body is used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly, and the function of the terminal body is to output the electrical energy of the battery cell. The connector serves to connect the terminal body and the end cap. The connector is at least partially accommodated in the groove and fixed to the side wall or bottom wall of the groove, thus fixing the terminal body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the depth of the first recess is greater than the depth of the groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the end cap is provided with an electrode lead-out hole that communicates with the first recess and penetrates the first end face, and the electrode terminal covers the electrode lead-out hole.

[0016] In the above scheme, the electrode terminal covers the electrode lead-out hole, so that the electrode terminal does not extend into the electrode lead-out hole, which facilitates the installation of the electrode terminal in the first recess.

[0017] In some embodiments, the end cap assembly further includes an insulating element located on the side of the end cap facing the electrode assembly, the insulating element serving to isolate the electrode assembly from the end cap.

[0018] In the above scheme, the insulating component is located on the side of the end cap facing the electrode assembly. The insulating component serves to isolate the electrode assembly from the end cap, reducing the risk of short circuit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the insulating member includes a second body and a second recess, the second body being located on the side of the first body facing the electrode assembly, the second body having a second inner surface and a second outer surface arranged opposite to each other, the second recess being recessed from the second outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly, and the second recess being configured to receive the first protrusion.

[0020] In the above scheme, the second recess of the insulating component can accommodate the first protrusion of the end cap, which can reduce the distance between the first body and the second body, thereby freeing up more space for the electrode assembly and improving the capacity of the battery cell.

[0021] In some embodiments, the second outer surface abuts against the first inner surface.

[0022] In the above scheme, the second outer surface of the second body abuts against the first inner surface of the first body, so that the first protrusion can be completely accommodated in the second recess, making the end cap and the insulating part more compact, freeing up more space for the electrode assembly, and further improving the capacity of the battery cell.

[0023] In some embodiments, there is a gap between the first end face and the bottom wall of the second recess.

[0024] In the above scheme, there is a gap between the first end face of the first protrusion and the bottom wall of the second concave part, which ensures that the second outer surface of the second body can effectively abut against the first inner surface of the first body, reducing the risk of over-positioning between the insulating component and the end cap.

[0025] In some embodiments, a second protrusion is formed on the second body at a position corresponding to the second recess, and the second protrusion extends from the second inner surface to the second end face in a direction facing the electrode assembly.

[0026] In the above scheme, a second protrusion is formed on the second body at a position corresponding to the second recess. The provision of the second protrusion can make the second recess recessed as much as possible along the direction facing the electrode assembly, so as to increase the recess depth of the second recess.

[0027] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes a tab with a first connection portion; the battery cell further includes a current collector, the current collector including a second connection portion for connecting to the first connection portion and a third connection portion for connecting to the electrode terminal; wherein the second connection portion and the first connection portion are stacked together along the thickness direction of the end cap, and the third connection portion is located on the side of the second end face facing the electrode assembly.

[0028] In the above scheme, the second connecting part of the current collector and the first connecting part of the electrode are stacked along the thickness direction of the end cap, which facilitates connecting the second connecting part and the first connecting part together, for example, welding the second connecting part and the first connecting part together.

[0029] In some embodiments, the insulating member further includes a third recess that is recessed from the second end face in a direction away from the electrode assembly to the second inner surface, the third recess being configured to accommodate at least a portion of the first connection portion and / or at least a portion of the second connection portion.

[0030] In the above solution, the third recess of the insulating member can be used to accommodate at least a portion of the first connecting portion and / or at least a portion of the second connecting portion, which can reduce the space inside the housing occupied by the connection portion between the electrode tab and the current collector, freeing up more space for the electrode assembly to increase the capacity of the battery cell.

[0031] In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the second recess extends beyond the second inner surface in the direction facing the electrode assembly.

[0032] In the above scheme, the bottom wall of the second recess extends beyond the second inner surface of the second body along the direction facing the electrode assembly, so that the second recess is recessed into the second protrusion, which can further increase the recess depth of the second recess and increase the space of the second recess for accommodating the first protrusion, so that the first protrusion can extend to a deeper position of the second protrusion.

[0033] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery, including a housing and a battery cell provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect above; the battery cell is housed within the housing.

[0034] In the above scheme, the battery cells are housed in the box. With a fixed internal space in the box, reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminals protruding from the outside of the first body reduces the internal space occupied by the battery cells, which is beneficial for accommodating more battery cells in the box, thereby effectively improving the battery capacity.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including the battery provided in any of the embodiments of the second aspect above.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a method for manufacturing a battery cell, comprising: providing a housing having an opening; providing an electrode assembly; providing an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly including an end cap and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being mounted on the end cap; accommodating the electrode assembly within the housing; electrically connecting the electrode terminal to the electrode assembly; and closing the end cap to the opening; wherein the end cap includes a first body and a first protrusion, the first body having a first inner surface and a first outer surface arranged opposite to each other, the first protrusion extending from the first inner surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly to a first end face, and a first recess formed on the first body at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, recessing from the first outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly, the first recess being configured to accommodate the electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being located on the side of the first end face opposite to the electrode assembly.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a manufacturing apparatus for a battery cell, comprising: a first providing device for providing a housing having an opening; a second providing device for providing an electrode assembly; a third providing device for providing an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly including an end cap and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being mounted on the end cap; and an assembly device for accommodating the electrode assembly within the housing, the assembly device also being used to electrically connect the electrode terminal to the electrode assembly, and the assembly device further being used to close the end cap onto the opening; wherein the end cap includes a first body and a first protrusion, the first body having a first inner surface and a first outer surface arranged opposite to each other, the first protrusion extending from the first inner surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly to a first end face, a first recess formed on the first body at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, recessing from the first outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly, the first recess being configured to accommodate the electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being located on the side of the first end face opposite to the electrode assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This application provides structural schematic diagrams of vehicles for some embodiments;

[0040] Figure 2 Exploded views of batteries provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the battery module.

[0042] Figure 4 Exploded views of a single battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode assembly provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown;

[0045] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a single battery cell shown;

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partially enlarged view of the end cap assembly shown;

[0047] Figure 9 This application provides a diagram showing the positional relationship between the insulating element, the current collector, and the electrode tab in some embodiments.

[0048] Figure 10 A diagram showing the positional relationship between the insulating element, the current collector, and the electrode tab provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 11 A diagram showing the positional relationship between the insulating element, the current collector, and the electrode tab provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 12 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of the current collection component;

[0051] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a single battery cell according to some embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 14 This is a schematic block diagram of a battery cell manufacturing apparatus provided for some embodiments of this application.

[0053] Marking Explanation: 10-Box; 11-Accommodation Space; 12-First Part; 13-Second Part; 20-Battery Cell; 21-Housing Shell; 22-Electrode Assembly; 221-Taper; 2211-First Connecting Part; 222-Positive Electrode; 223-Negative Electrode; 224-Separator; 23-End Cap Assembly; 231-End Cap; 2311-First Body; 2311a-First Inner Surface; 2311b-First Outer Surface; 2312-First Protrusion; 2312a-First End Face; 2313-First Recess; 2313a-First Bottom Wall; 2313b-Groove; 2314-Electrode Lead-out Hole; 232-Electrode Terminal; 2321-Terminal Body; 2322-Connector; 233-Insulator; 2331- Second body; 2331a-Second inner surface; 2331b-Second outer surface; 2332-Second recess; 2332a-Second bottom wall; 2333-Second protrusion; 2333a-Second end face; 2334-Third recess; 234-Pressure relief mechanism; 24-Current collector; 241-Second connecting part; 242-Third connecting part; 243-Fourth connecting part; 244-Protrusion; 25-Sealed space; 30-Battery module; 31-Current collector; 100-Battery; 200-Controller; 300-Motor; 1000-Vehicle; 1100-First supply device; 1200-Second supply device; 1300-Third supply device; 1400-Assembly device; 2000-Manufacturing equipment; Z-Thickness direction. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0056] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0059] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0060] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0061] In this application, the battery cell may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these. The battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these.

[0062] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack. A battery generally includes a housing for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The housing prevents liquids or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0063] A battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. The battery cell primarily functions by the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive current collector, and the uncoated positive current collector protrudes beyond the coated one, serving as the positive electrode tab. Taking a lithium-ion battery as an example, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the positive active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide, etc. The negative electrode includes a negative current collector and a negative active material layer. The negative active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative current collector, and the uncoated negative current collector protrudes beyond the coated one, serving as the negative electrode tab. The negative current collector can be made of copper, and the negative active material can be carbon or silicon, etc. To ensure that a large current can pass through without melting, multiple positive electrode tabs are stacked together, and multiple negative electrode tabs are stacked together. The separator can be made of PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc. Furthermore, the electrode assembly can be a wound structure or a stacked structure; the embodiments of this application are not limited to these.

[0064] The battery cell may also include a housing and an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly being closed to the housing to provide a sealed space for the electrode assembly and electrolyte, and the electrode assembly being electrically connected to the electrode terminals of the end cap assembly.

[0065] For a typical battery, it consists of individual battery cells, and the battery capacity may be affected by the structure of the individual battery cells.

[0066] The inventors discovered that in a single battery cell, after the end cap assembly is closed onto the housing, the portion of the electrode terminals of the end cap assembly protruding from the outside of the first body is relatively long, causing the entire battery cell to occupy a large space, thereby reducing the battery capacity.

[0067] In view of this, the present application provides a technical solution by providing a first protrusion on the first body of the end cap, the first protrusion extending from the first inner surface of the first body along the direction facing the electrode assembly to the first end face, and forming a first recess on the first body at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, the first recess being recessed from the first outer surface of the first body along the direction facing the electrode assembly, the first recess being used to accommodate an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being located on the side of the first end face away from the electrode assembly, so as to reduce the length of the portion of the electrode terminal protruding outside the first body, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the battery capacity.

[0068] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to batteries and electrical devices that use batteries.

[0069] Electrical equipment can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical equipment.

[0070] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments use a vehicle as an example of electrical equipment.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. A battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000.

[0072] The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, for the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation and driving.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The exploded view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of this application shows that the battery 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 housed within the housing 10.

[0075] The housing 10 is used to provide a space 11 for housing the battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can adopt various structures.

[0076] In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 12 and a second portion 13, which overlap each other, and together define a receiving space 11 for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 13 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first portion 12 may be a plate-like structure, with the first portion 12 covering the open side of the second portion 13 so that the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 together define the receiving space 11. Alternatively, both the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 may be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first portion 12 covering the open side of the second portion 13. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first portion 12 and the second portion 13 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0077] In battery 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20. These multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the whole assembly of multiple battery cells 20 is housed in the housing 10. Alternatively, multiple battery cells 20 can first be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a battery module 30, and then multiple battery modules 30 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole assembly, which is then housed in the housing 10.

[0078] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the battery module 30. The battery 100 includes multiple battery modules 30, and each battery module 30 includes multiple battery cells 20. The multiple battery cells 20 are first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed connection to form the battery module 30. The multiple battery modules 30 are then connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, which is housed within the housing 10.

[0079] Multiple battery cells 20 in the battery module 30 can be electrically connected through a busbar 31 to achieve parallel, series, or mixed connection of multiple battery cells 20 in the battery module 30.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application shows that the battery cell 20 includes a housing 21, an electrode assembly 22, and an end cap assembly 23. The housing 21 has an opening, and the electrode assembly 22 is housed within the housing 21. The end cap assembly 23 includes an end cap 231 and electrode terminals 232. The end cap 231 is used to close the opening, and the electrode terminals 232 are mounted on the end cap 231 and electrically connected to the electrode assembly 22. The electrode terminals 232 are used to output electrical energy from the battery cell 20.

[0081] The housing 21 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder or a cuboid. The shape of the housing 21 can be determined based on the specific shape of the electrode assembly 22. For example, if the electrode assembly 22 is a cylindrical structure, the housing 21 can be a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 22 is a cuboid structure, the housing 21 can be a cuboid structure. Figure 4 In this example, both the housing 21 and the electrode assembly 22 are rectangular parallelepiped structures.

[0082] The materials of the housing 21 and the end cap 231 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. This application embodiment does not impose any special restrictions on them.

[0083] The electrode assembly 22 housed within the housing 21 can be one or more. For example, in... Figure 4 In the case, there are two electrode assemblies 22 housed within the housing 21.

[0084] In some embodiments, the end cap assembly 23 may further include an insulating element 233 located on the side of the end cap 231 facing the electrode assembly 22. The insulating element 233 is used to isolate the electrode assembly 22 from the end cap 231, reducing the risk of short circuit.

[0085] For example, the insulating element 233 can be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0086] In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 may further include a current collector 24 for connecting the tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 and the electrode terminal 232 to achieve an electrical connection between the electrode terminal 232 and the electrode assembly 22.

[0087] The current collector 24 is located on the side of the insulator 233 facing the electrode assembly 22, and the insulator 233 can also isolate the current collector 24 from the end cap 231.

[0088] For example, the current collector 24 is a metallic conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The diagram below illustrates the structure of an electrode assembly 22 provided in some embodiments of this application. The electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode 222, a negative electrode 223, and a separator 224. The electrode assembly 22 may be a wound structure formed by winding the positive electrode 222, the separator 224, and the negative electrode 223, or it may be a stacked structure formed by arranging the positive electrode 222, the separator 224, and the negative electrode 223 in layers. Figure 5 An example is shown where the electrode assembly 22 has a wound structure.

[0090] The positive electrode 222 may include a positive current collector and a positive active material layer, the positive active material layer being coated on the surface of the positive current collector. The negative electrode 223 may include a negative current collector and a negative active material layer, the negative active material layer being coated on the surface of the negative current collector. A separator 224 is located between the positive electrode 222 and the negative electrode 223 to isolate them, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits between the positive electrode 222 and the negative electrode 223.

[0091] The material of the separator 224 can be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc.

[0092] The tabs 221 in the electrode assembly 22 are divided into positive tabs and negative tabs. The positive tab can be the part of the positive current collector that is not coated with the positive active material layer; the negative tab can be the part of the negative current collector that is not coated with the negative active material layer.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 4 The cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 shown shows that the end cap 231 of the end cap assembly 23 covers the opening of the housing 21 to form a sealed space 25 for accommodating the battery cell 20. The sealed space 25 can also be used to accommodate an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution. The electrode terminals 232 of the end cap assembly 23 are output components for outputting electrical energy from the battery cell 20.

[0094] The housing 21 can have one or two openings. If the housing 21 has one opening, then there can be one end cap assembly 23; if the housing 21 has two openings, then there can be two end cap assemblies 23, with the end caps 231 of the two end cap assemblies 23 respectively covering the two openings.

[0095] The electrode terminal 232 in the end cap assembly 23 can be one or two.

[0096] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 6 The housing 21 has one opening, and the end cap assembly 23 also has one opening. Two electrode terminals 232 can be provided in the end cap assembly 23. One electrode terminal 232 in the end cap assembly 23 can be electrically connected to one tab 221 (positive tab) of the electrode assembly 22 through a current collector 24. The other electrode terminal 232 in the end cap assembly 23 can be electrically connected to the other tab 221 (negative tab) of the electrode assembly 22 through another current collector 24.

[0097] In other embodiments, the housing 21 has two openings located on opposite sides of the housing 21, and there are two end cap assemblies 23, which respectively cover the two openings of the housing 21. In this case, there may be one end cap 231 in the end cap assembly 23. The electrode terminal 232 in one end cap assembly 23 can be electrically connected to one tab 221 (positive tab) of the electrode assembly 22 through a current collector 24; the electrode terminal 232 of the other end cap assembly 23 can be electrically connected to the other tab 221 (negative tab) of the electrode assembly 22 through another current collector 24.

[0098] In some embodiments, the end cap assembly 23 may further include a pressure relief mechanism 234, which is mounted on the end cap 231 and is used to release the pressure inside the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.

[0099] Of course, if there is only one end cap assembly 23 in the battery cell 20, the pressure relief mechanism 234 can be installed on the end cap 231 of the end cap assembly 23; if there are two end cap assemblies 23 in the battery cell 20, the pressure relief mechanism 234 can be installed on the end cap 231 of each end cap assembly 23, or the pressure relief mechanism 234 can be installed on the end cap 231 of only one end cap assembly 23.

[0100] For example, the pressure relief mechanism 234 may be an explosion-proof valve, an explosion-proof disc, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve, etc.

[0101] In this embodiment of the application, to increase the capacity of battery 100, please refer to... Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 6 The enlarged view of the battery cell 20 shown shows that the end cap 231 includes a first body 2311 and a first protrusion 2312. The first body 2311 has a first inner surface 2311a and a first outer surface 2311b arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion 2312 extends from the first inner surface 2311a to the first end face 2312a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. A first recess 2313 is formed on the first body 2311 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 2312, which is recessed from the first outer surface 2311b in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. The first recess 2313 is configured to receive the electrode terminal 232.

[0102] A first recess 2313 is formed on the first body 2311 of the end cap 231 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 2312, recessed from the first outer surface 2311b in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. The first recess 2313 can be used to accommodate the electrode terminal 232, thereby reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 protruding from the outside of the first body 2311. Since the positions of the first protrusion 2312 and the first recess 2313 correspond, the first protrusion 2312 can make the first recess 2313 recessed as much as possible in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, further reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 protruding from the outside of the first body 2311. With a fixed internal space in the housing 10, reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 protruding from the outside of the first body 2311 reduces the internal space occupied by the battery cell 20 in the housing 10, which is beneficial for accommodating more battery cells 20 in the housing 10, thereby effectively increasing the capacity of the battery 100. With a fixed length of the battery cell 20 (the dimension of the battery cell 20 in the extension direction of the electrode terminal 232), reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 protruding outside the first body 2311 can appropriately increase the length of the housing 21, thereby increasing the space in the housing 21 to accommodate the electrode assembly 22, which can effectively improve the capacity of the battery cell 20, and thus improve the capacity of the entire battery 100.

[0103] It should be noted that the first recess 2313 can accommodate the entire electrode terminal 232 or a portion of the electrode terminal 232.

[0104] The first body 2311 is used to cover the opening of the housing 21. The electrode terminal 232 can be installed at the bottom of the first recess 2313. The greater the recess depth of the first recess 2313 in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, the longer the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 extending into the first recess 2313, and the shorter the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 protruding outside the first body 2311.

[0105] For example, the first recess 2313 and the second recess 2332 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0106] In some embodiments, the electrode terminal 232 is located on the side of the first end face 2312a facing away from the electrode assembly 22, that is, the electrode terminal 232 does not extend beyond the first end face 2312a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. The electrode terminal 232 does not occupy the space inside the housing 21, which can free up more space for the electrode assembly 22 inside the housing 21, which is beneficial to increasing the capacity of the battery cell 20. In other embodiments, the electrode terminal 232 may also extend beyond the first end face 2312a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22.

[0107] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the bottom wall of the first recess 2313 may extend beyond the first inner surface 2311a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, that is, the bottom wall of the first recess 2313 is closer to the electrode assembly 22 than the first inner surface 2311a, so that the first recess 2313 is recessed into the first protrusion 2312, thereby increasing the recess depth of the first recess 2313 and further reducing the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 protruding from the outside of the first body 2311; in other embodiments, the bottom wall of the first recess 2313 may also be flush with the first inner surface 2311a, which may also increase the recess depth of the first recess 2313 to reduce the length of the portion of the electrode terminal 232 protruding from the outside of the first body 2311; in still other embodiments, the bottom wall of the first recess 2313 may also extend beyond the first inner surface 2311a in the direction away from the electrode assembly 22, that is, the first inner surface 2311a is closer to the electrode assembly 22 than the bottom wall of the first recess 2313. The bottom wall of the first recess 2313 is the first bottom wall 2313a.

[0108] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 7 The bottom wall of the first recess 2313 is provided with a groove 2313b that is recessed in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, and the electrode terminal 232 is partially accommodated in the groove 2313b.

[0109] The groove 2313b serves to position the electrode terminal 232, facilitating its installation. The groove 2313b can be a shape that matches the electrode terminal 232; for example, if the electrode terminal 232 is cylindrical, the groove 2313b can also be cylindrical.

[0110] Optionally, the depth of the first recess 2313 is greater than the depth of the groove 2313b, that is, the distance from the first outer surface 2311b to the first bottom wall 2313a is greater than the distance from the first bottom wall 2313a to the bottom wall of the groove 2313b.

[0111] Optionally, the electrode terminal 232 can be a split structure, comprising a connector 2322 and a terminal body 2321. The terminal body 2321 is used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 22, and the terminal body 2321 is mounted on the end cap 231 via the connector 2322. The connector 2322 is at least partially accommodated in the groove 2313b and fixed to the side wall or bottom wall of the groove 2313b.

[0112] The terminal body 2321 is used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 22, and the function of the terminal body 2321 is to output the electrical energy of the battery cell 20. The connector 2322 serves to connect the terminal body 2321 and the end cap 231. The connector 2322 is at least partially accommodated in the groove 2313b and fixed to the side wall or bottom wall of the groove 2313b, thereby fixing the terminal body 2321.

[0113] The connector 2322 can circumferentially cover the outer periphery of the terminal body 2321 to fix the connector 2322 to the terminal body 2321. For example, the connector 2322 is an annular structure covering the outer periphery of the terminal body 2321.

[0114] After the connector 2322 is partially accommodated within the groove 2313b, the connector 2322 can be fixed to the side wall or bottom wall of the groove 2313b by welding. Taking the connector 2322 fixed to the side wall of the groove 2313b as an example, the connector 2322 can abut against the bottom wall of the groove 2313b, and the solder during the welding process will fix the connector 2322 to the side wall of the groove 2313b.

[0115] To facilitate welding of the connector 2322 to the end cap 231, a distance can be made between the sidewall of the groove 2313b and the sidewall of the first recess 2313 in the thickness direction Z perpendicular to the end cap 231. For example, this distance is not less than 1 mm.

[0116] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the electrode terminal 232 may also be an integral structure, for example, the electrode terminal 232 may be an integral cylindrical structure.

[0117] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 for Figure 7 The enlarged view of the end cap assembly 23 shown indicates that the end cap 231 has an electrode lead-out hole 2314 that communicates with the first recess 2313 and penetrates the first end face 2312a. The electrode terminal 232 covers the electrode lead-out hole 2314. This structure ensures that the electrode terminal 232 does not extend into the electrode lead-out hole 2314, making it easier to install the electrode terminal 232 into the first recess 2313.

[0118] For example, the electrode lead-out hole 2314 and the first recess 2313 are connected through a groove 2313b on the first bottom wall 2313a. The terminal body 2321 in the electrode terminal 232 covers the electrode lead-out hole 2314, such that the entire electrode terminal 232 covers the electrode lead-out hole 2314.

[0119] In some embodiments, when an insulating member 233 is provided in the end cap assembly 23, the insulating member 233 may include a second body 2331 and a second recess 2332, wherein the second body 2331 is located on the first body 2311 facing the electrode assembly 22 (see Figure 7 On one side of the second body 2331, the second body 2331 has a second inner surface 2331a and a second outer surface 2331b arranged opposite to each other, and a second recess 2332 is recessed from the second outer surface 2331b in a direction facing the electrode assembly 22, and the second recess 2332 is configured to receive the first protrusion 2312.

[0120] The second recess 2332 of the insulating member 233 can accommodate the first protrusion 2312 of the end cap 231, which can reduce the distance between the first body 2311 and the second body 2331, so as to make more space for the electrode assembly 22 and improve the capacity of the battery cell 20.

[0121] Optionally, the first outer surface 2311b of the second body 2331 abuts against the first inner surface 2311a of the first body 2311. This structure allows the first protrusion 2312 to be fully accommodated within the second recess 2332, making the end cap 231 and the insulator 233 more compact, freeing up more space for the electrode assembly 22, and further increasing the capacity of the battery cell 20.

[0122] Furthermore, a gap exists between the first end face 2312a and the bottom wall of the second recess 2332, ensuring that the second outer surface 2331b of the second body 2331 can effectively abut against the first inner surface 2311a of the first body 2311, reducing the risk of over-positioning between the insulating member 233 and the end cap 231. The bottom wall of the second recess 2332 is the second bottom wall 2332a. Of course, in other embodiments, the first end face 2312a can also directly abut against the bottom wall (second bottom wall 2332a) of the second recess 2332.

[0123] In some embodiments, a second protrusion 2333 is formed on the second body 2331 at a position corresponding to the second recess 2332. The second protrusion 2333 extends from the second inner surface 2331a to the second end face 2333a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. The provision of the second protrusion 2333 allows the second recess 2332 to be recessed as much as possible in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, thereby increasing the recess depth of the second recess 2332.

[0124] Of course, the second bottom wall 2332a can be flush with the second inner surface 2331a; the second bottom wall 2332a can also extend beyond the second inner surface 2331a of the second body 2331 in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, that is, the second bottom wall 2332a is closer to the electrode assembly 22 than the second inner surface 2331a; the second bottom wall 2332a can also extend beyond the second inner surface 2331a of the second body 2331 in the direction away from the electrode assembly 22, that is, the second inner surface 2331a is closer to the electrode assembly 22 than the second bottom wall 2332a. Figure 8 As exemplarily shown, the second bottom wall 2332a extends beyond the second inner surface 2331a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, such that the second recess 2332 is recessed into the second protrusion 2333, which can further increase the recess depth of the second recess 2332 and increase the space of the second recess 2332 for accommodating the first protrusion 2312, so that the first protrusion 2312 can extend to a deeper position of the second protrusion 2333.

[0125] It should be noted that if the electrode terminal 232 extends beyond the first end face 2312a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, for example, if the terminal body 2321 in the electrode terminal 232 extends beyond the first end face 2312a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22, then the electrode terminal 232 can be located on the side of the second end face 2333a facing away from the electrode assembly 22. That is, if the electrode terminal 232 does not extend beyond the second end face 2333a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22.

[0126] In some embodiments, if the tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 232 via the current collector 24, the tab 221 may include a first connecting portion 2211, and the current collector 24 may include a second connecting portion 241 for connecting to the first connecting portion 2211 and a third connecting portion 242 for connecting to the electrode terminal 232; wherein the second connecting portion 241 and the first connecting portion 2211 are stacked together along the thickness direction Z of the end cap 231, and the third connecting portion 242 is located on the side of the second end face 2333a facing the electrode assembly 22.

[0127] The second connecting portion 241 of the current collector 24 and the first connecting portion 2211 of the electrode 221 are stacked along the thickness direction Z of the end cap 231, which facilitates connecting the second connecting portion 241 and the first connecting portion 2211 together, for example, by welding the second connecting portion 241 and the first connecting portion 2211 together.

[0128] The third connecting portion 242 can abut against the second end face 2333a, or there can be a gap between it and the second end face 2333a. If the third connecting portion 242 abuts against the second end face 2333a, on the one hand, the stability of the current collecting member 24 can be improved, and on the other hand, the current collecting member 24 and the insulating member 233 can be made more compact.

[0129] In some embodiments, the insulating member 233 may further include a third recess 2334, which is recessed from the second end face 2333a in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22 to the second inner surface 2331a. The third recess 2334 is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the first connecting portion 2211 and / or at least a portion of the second connecting portion 241. The provision of the third recess 2334 can reduce the space inside the housing 21 occupied by the connection portion between the tab 221 and the current collector 24, freeing up more space for the electrode assembly 22 to increase the capacity of the battery cell 20.

[0130] Taking two electrode terminals 232 in the end cap assembly 23 as an example, two second protrusions 2333 can be provided on the second inner surface 2331a of the second body 2331 of the insulating member 233 at positions corresponding to the two electrode terminals 232 respectively. The third recess 2334 can be formed on the side of the end cap 231 facing the electrode assembly 22 and located between the two second protrusions 2333.

[0131] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the insulating member 233, the current collector 24, and the electrode tab 221 provided in some embodiments of this application. In the thickness direction Z of the end cap 231, the first connecting portion 2211 is closer to the electrode assembly 22 than the second connecting portion 241 (see...). Figure 7 The second connecting portion 241 is accommodated within the third recess 2334. In other embodiments, please refer to... Figure 10 , Figure 10 The diagram shows the positional relationship of the insulating member 233, the current collector 24, and the electrode tab 221 in other embodiments of this application. In the thickness direction Z of the end cap 231, the second connecting portion 241 is closer to the electrode assembly 22 than the first connecting portion 2211, and the first connecting portion 2211 is accommodated within the third recess 2334. In yet other embodiments, please refer to... Figure 11 , Figure 11 The diagram shows the positional relationship between the insulating member 233, the current collector 24, and the electrode tab 221 provided in some embodiments of this application. The first connecting portion 2211 and the second connecting portion 241 are both accommodated in the third recess 2334 to further free up more space for the electrode assembly 22.

[0132] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 for Figure 8The schematic diagram of the current collecting member 24 shown indicates that the current collecting member 24 may further include a fourth connecting portion 243. The third connecting portion 242 and the second connecting portion 241 are connected through the fourth connecting portion 243. The third connecting portion 242 and the second connecting portion 241 are spaced apart in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 231. For this type of current collecting member 24, the second connecting portion 241 can be accommodated in the third recess 2334, and the third connecting portion 242 can abut against the second end face 2333a of the second protrusion 2333.

[0133] For example, the second connecting portion 241, the fourth connecting portion 243, and the third connecting portion 242 are sequentially connected to form a "Z"-shaped sheet structure. Specifically, in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 231, the third connecting portion 242 has a protrusion 244 on the side near the second connecting portion 241 for connection and fixation with the electrode terminal 232. Of course, the protrusion 244 on the third connecting portion 242 can pass through the electrode lead-out hole 2314 on the end cap 231 and be connected and fixed to the terminal body 2321 of the electrode terminal 232; for example, the protrusion 244 can be welded to the terminal body 2321.

[0134] In some embodiments, the end cap assembly may not have an insulating component. In this case, the end cap is made of plastic and the current collector can be in direct contact with the end cap.

[0135] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 according to some embodiments of this application, the method comprising:

[0136] S100: A housing 21 is provided, the housing 21 having an opening;

[0137] S200: Provides electrode assembly 22;

[0138] S300: Provides an end cap assembly 23, which includes an end cap 231 and an electrode terminal 232, with the electrode terminal 232 mounted on the end cap 231;

[0139] S400: The electrode assembly 22 is housed within the housing 21;

[0140] S500: Electrically connect electrode terminal 232 to electrode assembly 22;

[0141] S600: Close the end cap 231 onto the opening;

[0142] The end cap 231 includes a first body 2311 and a first protrusion 2312. The first body 2311 has a first inner surface 2311a and a first outer surface 2311b arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion 2312 extends from the first inner surface 2311a to the first end face 2312a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. A first recess 2313 is formed on the first body 2311 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 2312, which is recessed from the first outer surface 2311b in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. The first recess 2313 is configured to accommodate an electrode terminal 232, which is located on the side of the first end face 2312a away from the electrode assembly 22.

[0143] In the above method, the order of steps S100, S200, and S300 is not restricted. For example, step S300 can be executed first, followed by step S200, and then step S100. Furthermore, step S500 can be performed before or after step S400.

[0144] The relevant structure of the battery cell 20 manufactured by the above method can be found in the battery cell 20 provided in the above embodiments.

[0145] Please refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing apparatus 2000 for a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application. The manufacturing apparatus 2000 includes a first supply device 1100, a second supply device 1200, a third supply device 1300, and an assembly device 1400.

[0146] A first providing device 1100 provides a housing 21 having an opening. A second providing device 1200 provides an electrode assembly 22. A third providing device 1300 provides an end cap assembly 23, which includes an end cap 231 and electrode terminals 232 mounted on the end cap 231. An assembly device 1400 accommodates the electrode assembly 22 within the housing 21, electrically connects the electrode terminals 232 to the electrode assembly 22, and closes the end cap 231 to the opening.

[0147] The end cap 231 includes a first body 2311 and a first protrusion 2312. The first body 2311 has a first inner surface 2311a and a first outer surface 2311b arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion 2312 extends from the first inner surface 2311a to the first end face 2312a in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. A first recess 2313 is formed on the first body 2311 at a position corresponding to the first protrusion 2312, which is recessed from the first outer surface 2311b in the direction facing the electrode assembly 22. The first recess 2313 is configured to accommodate an electrode terminal 232, which is located on the side of the first end face 2312a away from the electrode assembly 22.

[0148] The relevant structure of the battery cell 20 manufactured by the above-described manufacturing equipment 2000 can be found in the battery cell 20 provided in the above embodiments.

[0149] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0150] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A single battery cell, comprising: The shell has an opening; Electrode assembly, housed within the housing; as well as An end cap assembly includes an end cap and an electrode terminal, the end cap being used to close the opening, and the electrode terminal being mounted on the end cap and used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly; The end cap includes a first body and a first protrusion. The first body has a first inner surface and a first outer surface arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion extends from the first inner surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly to a first end face. A first recess is formed on the first body at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, which is recessed from the first outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly. The first recess is configured to accommodate the electrode terminal, which is located on the side of the first end face away from the electrode assembly. The bottom wall of the first recess has a groove recessed in the direction facing the electrode assembly, and the electrode terminal portion is accommodated in the groove. In the thickness direction perpendicular to the end cap, there is a distance between the side wall of the groove and the side wall of the first recess.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom wall of the first recess extends beyond the first inner surface in the direction facing the electrode assembly; or, the bottom wall of the first recess is flush with the first inner surface.

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein, The electrode terminal includes a connector and a terminal body. The terminal body is used to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly. The terminal body is mounted to the end cap via the connector. The connector is at least partially accommodated in the groove and fixed to the sidewall or bottom wall of the groove.

4. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The depth of the first recess is greater than the depth of the groove.

5. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The end cap is provided with an electrode lead-out hole that communicates with the first recess and penetrates the first end face, and the electrode terminal covers the electrode lead-out hole.

6. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The end cap assembly also includes an insulating component; The insulating element is located on the side of the end cap facing the electrode assembly, and the insulating element is used to isolate the electrode assembly from the end cap.

7. The battery cell according to claim 6, wherein, The insulating member includes a second body and a second recess, the second body being located on the side of the first body facing the electrode assembly, the second body having a second inner surface and a second outer surface arranged opposite to each other, the second recess being recessed from the second outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly, and the second recess being configured to receive the first protrusion.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, wherein, The second outer surface abuts against the first inner surface.

9. The battery cell according to claim 7, wherein, There is a gap between the first end face and the bottom wall of the second recess.

10. The battery cell according to claim 7, wherein, A second protrusion is formed on the second body at a position corresponding to the second recess, and the second protrusion extends from the second inner surface to the second end face in the direction facing the electrode assembly.

11. The battery cell according to claim 10, wherein, The electrode assembly includes a tab having a first connecting portion; The battery cell further includes a current collector, which includes a second connection portion for connecting to the first connection portion and a third connection portion for connecting to the electrode terminal; The second connecting portion and the first connecting portion are stacked together along the thickness direction of the end cap, and the third connecting portion is located on the side of the second end face facing the electrode assembly.

12. The battery cell according to claim 11, wherein, The insulating member further includes a third recess that is recessed from the second end face in a direction away from the electrode assembly to the second inner surface, and the third recess is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the first connection portion and / or at least a portion of the second connection portion.

13. The battery cell according to claim 7, wherein, The bottom wall of the second recess extends beyond the second inner surface in the direction facing the electrode assembly.

14. A battery, comprising a housing and a battery cell according to any one of claims 1-13; The individual battery cells are housed within the casing.

15. An electrical appliance comprising the battery of claim 14.

16. A method for manufacturing a single battery cell, comprising: A housing is provided, the housing having an opening; Provide electrode assemblies; An end cap assembly is provided, the end cap assembly including an end cap and electrode terminals, the electrode terminals being mounted on the end cap; The electrode assembly is housed within the housing; Electrically connect the electrode terminals to the electrode assembly; Cover the opening with the end cap; The end cap includes a first body and a first protrusion. The first body has a first inner surface and a first outer surface arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion extends from the first inner surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly to a first end face. A first recess is formed on the first body at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, which is recessed from the first outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly. The first recess is configured to accommodate the electrode terminal, which is located on the side of the first end face away from the electrode assembly. The bottom wall of the first recess has a groove recessed in the direction facing the electrode assembly, and the electrode terminal portion is accommodated in the groove. In the thickness direction perpendicular to the end cap, there is a distance between the side wall of the groove and the side wall of the first recess.

17. A manufacturing apparatus for a single battery cell, comprising: A first providing device is used to provide a housing having an opening; A second providing device is used to provide electrode assemblies; A third providing device is used to provide an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly including an end cap and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal being mounted on the end cap; as well as An assembly device is used to house the electrode assembly within the housing, and the assembly device is also used to electrically connect the electrode terminals to the electrode assembly, and the assembly device is further used to close the end cap to the opening; The end cap includes a first body and a first protrusion. The first body has a first inner surface and a first outer surface arranged opposite to each other. The first protrusion extends from the first inner surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly to a first end face. A first recess is formed on the first body at a position corresponding to the first protrusion, which is recessed from the first outer surface in a direction facing the electrode assembly. The first recess is configured to accommodate the electrode terminal, which is located on the side of the first end face away from the electrode assembly. The bottom wall of the first recess has a groove recessed in the direction facing the electrode assembly, and the electrode terminal portion is accommodated in the groove. In the thickness direction perpendicular to the end cap, there is a distance between the side wall of the groove and the side wall of the first recess.

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