A parking system for an electric vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a parking system for an electric vehicle, comprising at least one set of parking device, and the parking device comprises an electromagnet system, a movable limiting cap driven by the electromagnet system and a star-shaped ratchet gear arranged on an electric drive axle, the star-shaped ratchet gear is circumferentially provided with a plurality of teeth, and the limiting cap is driven by the electromagnet to enter between two adjacent teeth to form a parking state, and the limiting cap is separated from the two adjacent teeth to form a parking release state. The application realizes parking through cooperation of the electromagnet, the limiting cap and the star-shaped ratchet gear, has simple overall structure, fast parking response, high safety of parts, low failure rate, small occupied space and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a parking system for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Parking devices are essential components of automobiles. A Chinese patent (title: Integrated Electric Parking System for Electric Drive Axle and Electric Drive Axle; Publication No.: CN214928730U) provides an electric parking system applicable to electric drive axles. However, the disclosed solution has the following drawbacks: the parking mechanism and its control are complex, leading to a higher potential risk of component failure; the parking torque transmission path is long, resulting in a large mechanical time constant and slow parking response; there is a risk of the pawl failing to engage the ratchet during parking; the risk of parking unlocking failure under high torque conditions is high; the axial length is large, affecting the spatial arrangement of the electric drive axle on the vehicle axle; and the cost is high, hindering cost reduction and efficiency improvement for electric drive axle products. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a parking system for electric vehicles, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0004] A parking system for an electric vehicle includes at least one parking device, wherein the parking device includes an electromagnet system that drives a movable limit cap and a star-shaped ratchet gear disposed on an electric drive axle. The star-shaped ratchet gear has multiple teeth arranged circumferentially, and the electromagnet drives the limit cap to enter between two adjacent teeth to form a parking state, and the limit cap disengages from between two adjacent teeth to form a parking release state.

[0005] In some preferred embodiments, the parking device further includes a rod that is driven to move axially by the electromagnet system, and the limiting cap is disposed at one end of the rod.

[0006] In some preferred embodiments, the parking device further includes a guide tube through which the rod passes and slides axially with the guide tube.

[0007] In some preferred embodiments, a reset spring for resetting the limiting cap is provided inside the guide tube, and one end of the reset spring is connected to the guide tube and the other end is connected to the limiting cap. The reset spring is a tension spring or a compression spring.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the parking device further includes a return spring for resetting the limit cap.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the electromagnet system includes a coil section, and the rod includes a push rod section and a push rod section connected as one piece. The push rod section, as an iron core, is located inside the coil section, and the push rod section is located inside the guide tube. The outer diameter of the push rod section is larger than the outer diameter of the push rod section and the aperture of the guide tube, and a transition section is formed between the push rod section and the push rod section to abut and limit the movement of the guide tube. The outer periphery of the transition section is formed as one or more of a conical surface, an arc surface, and a stepped surface.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, the limiting cap is T-shaped.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the parking device further includes a stepped shaft, and the star-shaped ratchet is disposed on the stepped shaft, which is connected to the output end of the electric drive axle gearbox.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, the star-shaped ratchet is rotatably disposed on the stepped shaft, and the star-shaped ratchet is axially pressed against the stepped shaft by a coaxially disposed wave spring.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, a friction plate is provided between the wave spring and the star-shaped ratchet, and the wave spring abuts against the star-shaped ratchet through the friction plate; two retaining rings are provided on the stepped shaft, and the star-shaped ratchet, the friction plate and the wave spring are disposed between the two retaining rings to be axially fixed by the retaining rings.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the electromagnet system includes an actuation module and a control module, wherein the actuation module includes a coil section and an iron core, and the control module includes a processor for generating digital signals, a driver for converting digital signals into analog level signals, and a switching device for switching based on electrical signals.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This invention achieves parking by using an electromagnet, a limit cap, and a star-shaped ratchet. The overall structure is simple, the parking response is fast, the components are highly safe and not prone to failure, it occupies little space, and the cost is low. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the configuration structure of the electromagnet system of the present invention.

[0021] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0025] refer to Figure 1-4 A parking system for an electric vehicle includes at least one parking device, which includes an electromagnet system 11. The electromagnet system 11 drives a movable limit cap 12 and a star-shaped ratchet 21 mounted on an electric drive axle. The star-shaped ratchet 21 has multiple teeth 21a arranged circumferentially. The electromagnet drives the limit cap 12 to enter between two adjacent teeth 21a to form a parking state, and the limit cap 12 disengages from between two adjacent teeth 21a to form a parking release state.

[0026] The parking system of the present invention achieves parking through at least one parking device, and each parking device includes an active device 10 and a passive device 20. The active device 10 includes an electromagnet system 11 and a limit cap 12. The passive device 20 includes a star-shaped ratchet 21, and the star-shaped ratchet 21 is driven and disposed on the electric drive axle. It is easy to understand that by controlling the star-shaped ratchet 21, the rotation of the electric drive axle can be controlled in reverse, thereby achieving parking.

[0027] The principle of this invention is that the electromagnet system 11 drives the limiting cap 12 to move. When the limiting cap 12 moves between two adjacent teeth 21a of the star-shaped ratchet 21, the limiting cap 12 and the star-shaped ratchet 21 interfere with each other, restricting the rotation of the star-shaped ratchet 21. This, in turn, acts in the opposite direction on the electric drive axle, entering the parking state. When it is necessary to release the parking state, the limiting cap 12 simply disengages from between the two adjacent teeth 21a.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, to achieve better parking performance, refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, each parking device includes at least one active device 10 and at least one passive device 20. For example, in one embodiment, to improve parking stability, two active device 10s are provided to drive two limit caps 12 into two inter-tooth positions on a star-shaped ratchet 21 of a passive device 20. Alternatively, for example, in one embodiment, to improve parking stability, two passive devices 20s are provided, with their respective star-shaped ratchet 21s close to each other; one active device 10 is provided, and the limit caps 12 on the active device 10 are driven between the teeth 21a of the two star-shaped ratchet 21s, simultaneously abutting against the two star-shaped ratchet 21s. Parking is thus achieved. Therefore, any changes in the number of active device 10s, passive device 20s, and parking devices described above are all within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the active device 10 of the parking device also includes a rod 13 that is driven to move axially by an electromagnet system 11, and a limit cap 12 is disposed at one end of the rod 13.

[0030] The limiting cap 12 is connected to the electromagnet system 11 via a rod 13. During the driving process, the electromagnet system 11 first drives the rod 13 to move, and then the rod 13 drives the limiting cap 12 to move. This structure allows the limiting cap 12 and the electromagnet system 11 to form a certain distance through the rod 13, which can avoid interference from a spatial perspective in actual implementation.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the active device part 10 of the parking device also includes a guide tube 14, through which the rod 13 passes and slides axially with the guide tube 14.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the guide tube 14 provides stable support for the rod 13 and ensures that its movement direction is stable.

[0033] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the structure of the guide tube 14 may include a seat portion 14a and a tube portion 14b, wherein the outer diameter of the seat portion 14a is larger than the outer diameter of the tube portion 14b, and a platform for installation and fixation is formed on the outer periphery of the seat portion 14a.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the active device 10 of the parking device also includes a return spring 15 for resetting the limit cap 12. The return spring 15 achieves reset by providing a force to the limit cap 12 in the opposite direction to the electromagnet system 11. In specific implementations, the return spring 15 can be installed in any position to transmit the elastic force to the limit cap 12.

[0035] The return spring 15 can be any device that provides elastic force, such as a tension spring, compression spring, disc spring, or gas spring.

[0036] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the reset spring 15 is disposed inside the guide tube 14, and one end of the reset spring 15 is connected to the guide tube 14, and the other end is connected to the limit cap 12. The reset spring 15 is a tension spring or a compression spring.

[0037] By placing the return spring 15 inside the guide tube 14, the setting of the return spring 15 can be made more stable. In specific implementation, since the electromagnet system 11 can provide positive or negative force to the limit cap 12 to achieve its purpose, and the return spring 15 provides negative force, the return spring 15 is set as a tension spring or a compression spring depending on the setting of the electromagnet system 11.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnet system 11 includes a coil section 11a and a rod 13 including a push rod section 13a and a push rod section 13b connected as one piece. The push rod section 13a serves as the iron core and is located inside the coil section 11a. The push rod section 13b is located inside the guide tube 14. The outer diameter of the push rod section 13a is larger than the outer diameter of the push rod section 13b and the aperture of the guide tube 14. A transition section 13c is formed between the push rod section 13a and the push rod section 13b to abut against and limit the guide tube 14. The outer periphery of the transition section 13c is formed as one or more of a conical surface, an arc surface, and a stepped surface.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the rod 13 is configured as two parts: a push rod portion 13a and a push rod portion 13b. This design has the advantage of adapting to the overall structural configuration. In specific implementations, the push rod portion 13a and the push rod portion 13b can be two independent rods or two parts of a single rod. The push rod portion 13a, serving as the core of the electromagnet, is located inside the coil portion 11a. The outer diameter of the push rod portion 13a is adapted to the inner diameter of the coil portion 11a; the outer diameter of the push rod portion 13b is adapted to the aperture of the guide tube 14. The transition section 13c facilitates the installation of the electromagnet coil and also acts as a stop point by contacting the end face of the guide tube 14 during the movement of the rod 13. Specifically, as... Figure 3 As shown, the rod 13 moves to the right as a whole, pushing the limit cap 12. However, the rightward movement cannot continue indefinitely; the transition section 13c reaches the guide tube 14, thus achieving a limit. Therefore, it is easy to understand that, under power-off conditions, the distance between the position on the transition section 13c that reaches the guide tube 14 and the guide tube 14 is the limit distance that the limit cap 12 can move. Thus, by controlling the distance between the two, the limit distance that the limit cap 12 can move is controlled.

[0040] The outer periphery of the transition section 13c is formed as one or more of the following: a conical surface, an arc surface, and a stepped surface. The conical surface refers to a straight inclined surface, the arc surface can be a concave or convex surface, and the stepped surface can directly form a straight limiting force surface.

[0041] In some preferred embodiments, the limiting cap 12 is T-shaped. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the "T"-shaped limiting cap 12 is more effective in use. At the same time, based on its structural characteristics, the limiting cap 12 can also partially extend into the guide tube 14 when it moves towards the guide tube 14, thus making the overall structure more compact.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the passive device section 20 of the parking device further includes a stepped shaft 22, and a star-shaped ratchet 21 is disposed on the stepped shaft 22, which is connected to the output end of the electric drive axle gearbox. The stepped shaft 22 serves to house the star-shaped ratchet 21, and its structural features facilitate the installation of the star-shaped ratchet 21.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the star-shaped ratchet 21 is rotatably disposed on the stepped shaft 22, and the star-shaped ratchet 21 is axially pressed against the stepped shaft 22 by a wave spring 23 arranged coaxially.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the function of the wave spring 23 is to use its own elasticity to enable the star-shaped ratchet 21 to rotate circumferentially at a certain angle when it is subjected to axial external force.

[0045] In practical use, the limiting cap 12 extends between two adjacent teeth 21a and interferes, which is the parking state of the device. At this time, the wheels transmit torque to the star-shaped ratchet 21 through the electric drive axle. If the transmitted torque is too large when the star-shaped ratchet 21 is rigidly connected, it can easily cause mechanical failure or even damage to various parts of the entire parking device. Therefore, in this preferred embodiment, the star-shaped ratchet 21 is rotatably set, and a wave spring 23 is set to axially press against the star-shaped ratchet 21. With this structure, when the torque transmitted to the star-shaped ratchet 21 by the electric drive axle exceeds the designed threshold, the star-shaped ratchet 21 will "slide" in a rotating manner under the support of the wave spring 23. In this way, various parts of the parking device are protected, mechanical failure and damage are avoided, and the overall effectiveness of the parking device is guaranteed.

[0046] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a friction plate 24 is provided between the wave spring 23 and the star ratchet 21, and the wave spring 23 abuts against the star ratchet 21 through the friction plate 24; two retaining rings 25 are provided on the stepped shaft 22, and the star ratchet 21, the friction plate 24 and the wave spring 23 are arranged between the two retaining rings 25 to be axially fixed by the retaining rings 25.

[0047] In this preferred embodiment, the wave spring 23, the star-shaped ratchet 21, and the friction plate 24 are formed as an integral friction assembly. The friction plate 24 is made of a wear-resistant material and is positioned between the star-shaped ratchet 21 and the wave spring 23 to prevent direct contact and thus avoid wear during use. The retaining ring 25 is structurally designed to ensure axial stability of the star-shaped ratchet 21, the wave spring 23, and the friction plate 24.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnet system 11 includes an execution module and a control module. The execution module includes a coil section 11a and an iron core 11b. The control module includes a processor 11c that generates digital signals, a driver 11d that converts digital signals into analog level signals, and a switching device 11e that realizes switching according to electrical signals.

[0049] In this preferred embodiment, different digital signals are controlled to cause the execution module of the electromagnet system 11 to generate electromagnetic forces of different magnitudes.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking system for electric vehicles, characterized in that, include At least one parking device, wherein the parking device includes an electromagnet system (11), a limit cap (12) driven to move by the electromagnet system (11), and a star ratchet (21) disposed on the electric drive axle. The parking device also includes a rod (13) driven axially by the electromagnet system (11), a guide tube (14) and a stepped shaft (22), and a limiting cap (12) is provided at one end of the rod (13); the rod (13) includes a push rod part (13a) and a top rod part (13b) connected as one piece, the push rod part (13a) is located in the coil part (11a) as an iron core, the top rod part (13b) is located in the guide tube (14), the outer diameter of the push rod part (13a) is larger than the outer diameter of the top rod part (13b) and the aperture of the guide tube (14), and a transition section (13c) is formed between the push rod part (13a) and the top rod part (13b) to abut against the guide tube (14) for limiting; The star-shaped ratchet (21) has multiple teeth (21a) arranged circumferentially, and the electromagnet drives the limiting cap (12) to enter between two adjacent teeth (21a) to form a parking state, and the limiting cap (12) disengages from between two adjacent teeth (21a) to form a parking release state; The star-shaped ratchet (21) is disposed on the stepped shaft (22) and is axially pressed against the stepped shaft (22) by a wave spring (23) disposed coaxially. A friction plate (24) is disposed between the wave spring (23) and the star-shaped ratchet (21).

2. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rod (13) passes through the guide tube (14) and slides axially with the guide tube (14).

3. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The guide tube (14) is provided with a reset spring (15) for resetting the limit cap (12), and one end of the reset spring (15) is connected to the guide tube (14) and the other end is connected to the limit cap (12). The reset spring (15) is a tension spring or a compression spring.

4. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The parking device also includes a reset spring (15) for resetting the limit cap (12).

5. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electromagnet system (11) includes a coil section (11a), and the outer periphery of the transition section (13c) is formed as one or more of a conical surface, an arc surface, and a stepped surface.

6. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting cap (12) is T-shaped.

7. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The stepped shaft (22) is connected to the output end of the electric drive axle gearbox.

8. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The star-shaped ratchet (21) is rotatably mounted on the stepped shaft (22).

9. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The wave spring (23) abuts against the star ratchet (21) through the friction plate (24); two retaining rings (25) are provided on the stepped shaft (22), and the star ratchet (21), friction plate (24) and wave spring (23) are arranged between the two retaining rings (25) to be axially fixed by the retaining rings (25).

10. A parking system for an electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnet system (11) includes an execution module and a control module, wherein the execution module includes a coil section (11a) and an iron core (11b), and the control module includes a processor (11c) that generates digital signals, a driver (11d) that converts digital signals into analog level signals, and a switching device (11e) that realizes switching according to electrical signals.

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