A design method for secondary coils capable of withstanding target load impacts

Abstract

A design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impacts is disclosed. This method calculates the axial deformation of the secondary coil's copper layer under the target load impact and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the incident rod. The simulation results are then compared with the criteria for determining the secondary coil's resistance to the target load impact. Based on the determination results, the design is either terminated or the structural dimensions of the secondary coil's copper and titanium alloy are gradually adjusted until all criteria are met. Based on this invention's secondary coil structure design method, simulation results were compared between the present invention and existing secondary coil designs under the same target load impact conditions. The present invention effectively prevents deformation of the secondary coil's copper layer under the target load impact, significantly increasing the upper limit of the load peak value in the incident rod. Furthermore, an optimized design method for adjusting the thickness of the secondary coil's copper and titanium alloy layers is designed to effectively solve the problems of unevenness and tailing in the load and stress wave waveforms in the incident rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural deformation and mechanical experimental technology of materials, specifically a secondary coil structure design method capable of withstanding target load impact. Background Technology

[0002] The electromagnetic Hopkinson bar test technique is a new dynamic loading technique developed by combining the traditional Hopkinson bar test technique with electromagnetic loading technology. The principle of the electromagnetic Hopkinson bar test technique is that the current generated by capacitor discharge passes through the discharge coil in the electromagnetic loading gun, generating a pulsed magnetic field around the discharge coil. This pulsed magnetic field induces an eddy current within the secondary coil, which in turn generates an induced eddy current magnetic field. The pulsed magnetic field generated by the discharge coil and the induced eddy current magnetic field within the secondary coil repel each other, generating an electromagnetic force. Simultaneously, the secondary coil transmits this electromagnetic force as a stress wave to the incident bar, resulting in a large load within the incident bar.

[0003] An invention disclosed in publication number CN103994922A is a tensile and compressive stress wave generator and experimental method based on electromagnetic force. In this invention, the discharge coil and secondary coil in an electromagnetic loading gun are tightly fitted together, and the secondary coil is then tightly fitted together with an incident rod. Electromagnetic repulsion is generated between the discharge coil and the secondary coil through capacitor discharge, subsequently generating stress waves in the incident rod. However, the main drawback of this invention is that when the voltage exceeds 2000V, due to the increased electromagnetic force, the secondary coil itself undergoes severe deformation when transferring the load to the incident rod during discharge, as it is also subjected to the load impact. At this point, a large portion of the magnetic field energy generated by the capacitor discharge is consumed by the internal energy of the secondary coil deformation and heating. This not only reduces the electromagnetic conversion efficiency but also limits the upper limit of the peak load in the incident rod, making it difficult to guarantee the repeatability and consistency of the experiment.

[0004] Patent ZL201410161610.X discloses a split-type Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device based on electromagnetic force loading. The invention is characterized by an electromagnetic riveting device located at one end of the incident rod of the split-type Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device, ensuring full contact between the end face of the electromagnetic riveting gun on the device and the end face of the incident rod, thereby generating stress pulses. The advantage of this invention is that it requires no major modifications to the split-type Hopkinson pressure bar; it simply replaces the air gun in the traditional split-type Hopkinson pressure bar system with an electromagnetic riveting device, achieving precise control of the stress wave through electromagnetic means, and the width of the stress wave is not limited by the length of the impact rod. However, this invention does not consider the deformation of the secondary coil under large load impacts and the stress wave tailing problem.

[0005] Patent ZLCN201410173843.1 discloses a stress wave generator and experimental method for a Hopkinson bar tension / compression rod based on electromagnetic force. The invention is characterized by a strong electromagnetic repulsion force generated between the discharge coil and the secondary coil in the stress wave generator, resulting in a strong stress pulse. This pulse is amplified by a conical amplifier and output to the Hopkinson bar. The advantage of this invention is that by improving the structure of the electromagnetic riveting gun, it can be applied to the loading of separate Hopkinson bar tension and compression rods, allowing the loading systems of both rods to be implemented simultaneously on the same device. However, this invention does not address the deformation of the secondary coil or the stress wave tailing problem under heavy load impacts.

[0006] Patent ZLCN201410171963.8 discloses a tensile and compressive stress wave generator and experimental method based on electromagnetic force. The invention is characterized by the discharge coil, insulating layer, and secondary coil all mounted on a positioning shaft of a conical amplifier. By providing a momentary strong current to the discharge coil of the electromagnetic loading gun, a strong electromagnetic repulsion is generated between the discharge coil and the secondary coil, which is then converted into a stress wave. This stress wave is amplified by the conical amplifier and output to the Hopkinson bar. The advantages of this invention are its simple structure, high controllability, and ability to achieve strain rates and ranges unattainable by traditional separate Hopkinson bar experiments. It standardizes Hopkinson bar experimental techniques and integrates the experimental apparatus for tension and compression bars. However, this invention does not fully consider the deformation of the secondary coil and the stress wave tailing problem under heavy loads during compression and tensile experiments.

[0007] A dynamic biaxial tensile loading device and experimental method are proposed in invention patent ZLCN201810121019.X. The invention is characterized by four identical loading guns and four waveguide rods of equal length. The four loading guns apply stress wave loading to the sample from four directions, with the transverse and longitudinal loading perpendicular to each other. The stress wave amplitude and pulse width generated along the same axis are identical, thereby reducing waveform and time errors during stress wave propagation. Simultaneously, it ensures the sample is in a biaxial stress state, and the stress state within the sample is symmetrically distributed, reducing the influence of shear stress components during loading. The effect of this invention is to achieve synchronous biaxial stress wave loading. However, this invention does not fully consider the deformation of the secondary coil and the stress wave tailing problem under high voltage and high current impact during biaxial compression and tensile experiments.

[0008] Applications CN202110049670.2 and CN202110536462.5 propose an electromagnetic loading device and its sample method for generating large displacement; CN202110536462.5 proposes an electromagnetic loading coil capable of generating arbitrary stress waveforms; and CN202110536839.7 proposes an electromagnetic loading coil capable of generating high-amplitude, long-pulse-width square waves. All three inventions feature a discharge coil, a secondary coil, and a pad. The main advantage of these inventions lies in their ability to generate arbitrary stress waveforms and the electromagnetic loading coils capable of generating high-amplitude, long-pulse-width square waves. While all three inventions mention titanium alloy pads and specify their size range, and the titanium alloy pads provide support and impact resistance under heavy loads, specific control schemes for the size design and adjustment of the copper sheet and titanium alloy pads for different target loads are not proposed; only simple descriptions are provided. Meanwhile, the secondary coil copper and the pad are simply bonded together. The degree of bonding directly affects the smoothness and tailing phenomenon of the stress wave waveform and load waveform in the incident rod under heavy load. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of existing electromagnetic Hopkinson bar experimental techniques, such as the easy deformation of secondary coils under target load impact and the uneven tailing of stress wave waveforms and load waveforms in the incident bar, which makes it difficult to achieve large load impact experiments, this invention proposes a secondary coil structure design method that can withstand target load impact.

[0010] The present invention discloses a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impacts, comprising a compression secondary coil and a tension secondary coil; characterized in that the compression secondary coil comprises a discharge coil, a copper layer of the compression secondary coil, and a titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil; the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil is coaxially mounted with the discharge coil. The copper layer of the compression secondary coil is embedded in the inner surface of the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil, which is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil, and is thus made to fit against the end face of the discharge coil. A compression incident rod is fixedly mounted at the center of the outer surface of the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil.

[0011] The stretching secondary coil includes a discharge coil 1, a copper layer of the stretching secondary coil, and a titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil; the titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil is coaxially mounted with the discharge coil. The copper layer of the stretching secondary coil is embedded on the inner surface of the titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil, which is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil, and is thus made to fit against the end face of the discharge coil. A stretching rod passes through a through hole in the center of the discharge coil 1, a through hole in the center of the copper layer of the stretching secondary coil, and a through hole in the center of the titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil, and is fixed at the end of the titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil by a flange.

[0012] The compressed secondary coil copper layer is a circular sheet with radius r and thickness h; the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer has radius R1 and thickness H. A circular groove with radius r1 and depth h is formed at the center of one surface of the titanium alloy layer to embed the compressed secondary coil copper layer. T ; r = r1.

[0013] The radius of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is r, and the thickness is h; the radius of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil is r. T Thickness h T One surface of the titanium alloy has a circular groove at its center for embedding a compressed secondary coil copper layer; the radius of this circular groove is r. C Depth is h C , r = r C .

[0014] The radius of the copper layer of the stretching secondary coil is r', and the thickness is h'. The center of this copper layer has a through-hole for the stretching incident rod to pass through. The titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil is an annular sheet with an outer radius of r. T Thickness h T On one surface of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil, there is a groove for embedding the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, the radius of which is the same as the outer radius of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil.

[0015] The specific process of designing the compressed secondary coil proposed in this invention is as follows:

[0016] Step 1, determine the initial dimensions of the secondary coil:

[0017] The radius r of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness h of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness H of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil, and the radius r of the groove of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are determined by formulas (1) to (3), respectively. C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C The units in formulas (1) to (3) are all mm.

[0018] r = r C = (0.8~0.95)×R (1)

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] The radius r of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness h of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, and the thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil were obtained respectively. T The radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coilC .

[0022] Step 2: Determine the axial deformation of the secondary coil copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod:

[0023] According to the target load F max Simulation calculations were performed on the initial dimensions of the discharge coil and the secondary coil, including the axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod.

[0024] The specific process is as follows:

[0025] Ⅰ Determine the target load F max The criteria for determining the optimal size of the compressed secondary coil. These criteria include three conditions:

[0026] Judgment condition 1: Target load F max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the lower compression secondary coil is ≤0.05h;

[0027] Judgment condition 2: Target load F max No tailing of the load waveform in the lower compression incident rod

[0028] The phenomenon requires that the load waveform in the compression incident rod, after being transmitted to the free end face of the compression incident rod by the strain gauge and then reflected back to the strain gauge, has a load amplitude of zero.

[0029] Judgment condition 3: The load F transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is ≥ 0.95 * F max ;

[0030] II. Input the structural parameters of the discharge coil, the initial structural parameters of the compression secondary coil, and the dimensions of the compression incident rod into the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS to model the system.

[0031] The structural parameters of the discharge coil include the number of turns, inner diameter, outer diameter, and turn spacing. The initial structural parameters of the compressed secondary coil include the radius r of the copper layer, the thickness h of the copper layer, and the radius r of the titanium alloy layer. T Thickness h of titanium alloy layer in compression secondary coil T The radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C .

[0032] For each of the target loads F max Simulation calculations were performed to obtain the target loads F. max The simulation results are as follows:

[0033] Simulation result 1: Axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil.

[0034] Simulation Result 2: Target Load F max Load wave in the lower compression incident rod.

[0035] Simulation result 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod.

[0036] Step 3: Determine whether the current dimensions of the secondary coil copper layer and the secondary coil titanium alloy layer are optimal.

[0037] Based on the obtained target loads F max The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 below determine whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are optimal. Specifically:

[0038] When the target load F max Below, the axial deformation of the compressed secondary coil of the copper layer is >0.05h, which does not meet the target load F. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 1; the target load F max In the lower compression injection rod The load waveform exhibiting a tailing phenomenon does not meet the target load F. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 2; the target load F max The load F transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is less than 0.95 × F. max The target load F is not met. max Condition 3 for determining the compression of the secondary coil.

[0039] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F. max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for compressing the secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the current compressed secondary coil are determined to be insufficient. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the optimal dimensions are determined. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions; the design process ends.

[0040] Step 4, optimization of the dimensions of the secondary coil copper layer and the secondary coil titanium alloy layer:

[0041] The specific process for designing and optimizing the dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil is as follows:

[0042] I. Adjust the thickness of the titanium alloy layer in the compression secondary coil. If the target load F max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is >0.05h, and the initial thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil is... T Increasing the thickness by 2mm yields the initial thickness h of the new compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer. T1 If the target load F max Down The load waveform in the compressed incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon. The initial thickness h of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is reduced by 1 mm to obtain a new initial thickness h1 of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil.

[0043] II. Simulation Calculation. Repeat step 2, adjusting the radius r of the compressed secondary coil copper layer, the thickness h1 of the new compressed secondary coil copper layer, and the thickness h of the new compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer. T1 Enter the data into the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS, repeat step 3, and simulate and calculate the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil again.

[0044] III. Determine whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the optimized compressed secondary coil and the load waveform in the optimized compressed incident rod meet the determination conditions for the optimal size of the compressed secondary coil.

[0045] The calculated value of F ≥ 0.95 * F is obtained from the secondary coil at the free end face of the compression incident rod. max If the optimized target loads F max If all simulation results meet the judgment criteria, then the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are reasonable, representing the final design result for the compressed secondary coil, and the design is complete. Conversely, if the judgment results still do not meet the target load F... max If required, repeat the process of adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compression secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the compression incident rod meet the optimal size determination conditions for the compression secondary coil. Continue to optimize the design of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil until each target load F is reached. max The judgment result satisfies the target load F max Requirements. Design complete.

[0046] Step 5: Determine the structural dimensions of the secondary coil:

[0047] By determining in step 3 whether the current dimensions of the compressed secondary coil copper layer and the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer are optimal, and by optimizing the dimensions of the compressed secondary coil copper layer and the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer in step 4, the structural dimensions of the compressed secondary coil are determined as follows:

[0048] Discharge coil: Number of turns = 8 to 18 turns, inner diameter = 30 mm, outer diameter = 76 to 136 mm, turn spacing = 1 mm.

[0049] Target load F max =8×10 4 N~16×10 4 N.

[0050] Final dimensions of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, thickness = 6-9.8mm.

[0051] Final dimensions of the titanium alloy layer for the compressed secondary coil: radius = 38–68 mm, thickness = 8.8–13.6 mm.

[0052] Final dimensions of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, depth = 6-9.8mm.

[0053] The specific process of designing the stretched secondary coil proposed in this invention is as follows:

[0054] Step 1: Determine the initial dimensions of the secondary coil:

[0055] The radius r' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the radius r of the groove of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are determined by formulas (4) to (6), respectively. C ', Thickness h of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil T The units in formulas (4) to (6) are all mm.

[0056] r'=r C = (0.8~0.95)×R (4)

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] The radius r' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, the thickness h' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, and the thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil were obtained respectively. T '.

[0060] Step 2: Determine the axial deformation of the secondary coil copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the incident rod:

[0061] According to the target load F max Simulation calculations of the initial dimensions of the discharge coil and secondary coil, including the axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensile incident rod:

[0062] The specific process is as follows:

[0063] Ⅰ Determine the target load F max 'Optimal size determination criteria for the lower-stretch secondary coil. The determination criteria include three conditions:'

[0064] Judgment condition 1: Target load F max 'Axial deformation of the copper layer of the lower-stretched secondary coil ≤ 0.05h';

[0065] Judgment condition 2: Target load F max The load waveform in the tensioning incident rod should not exhibit tailing. It is required that the load waveform in the tensioning incident rod is reflected after being transmitted to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod through the strain gauge, and the load amplitude before being transmitted back to the strain gauge is zero.

[0066] Judgment condition 3: The load F' transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod is ≥ 0.95 × F' max ;

[0067] Simulation calculations were performed on the initial dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil under the target load F. max The simulation process involves determining the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the stretched incident rod. Specifically, the simulation process includes: determining the radius r' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, the thickness h' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, and the radius r of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil, as determined in step 1. T 'and stretching secondary coil titanium alloy layer thickness h T The model is created using finite element simulation software such as COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS, and the axial deformation of the copper layer, the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform, and the load amplitude of the free end face of the tensile incident rod are exported from the simulation results.

[0068] II. Input the structural parameters of the discharge coil, the initial structural parameters of the stretching secondary coil, and the dimensions of the stretching incident rod into the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS to model the components.

[0069] The structural parameters of the discharge coil include the number of turns, inner diameter, outer diameter, and turn spacing. The initial structural parameters of the stretched secondary coil include the radius r' of the copper layer, the thickness h' of the copper layer, and the radius r of the titanium alloy layer. T Thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil T ', Radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil C 'and the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil C '.

[0070] For each of the target loads F' maxSimulation calculations were performed. Three simulation results were obtained, namely:

[0071] Simulation Result 1: Axial deformation of the copper layer of the tensile secondary coil.

[0072] Simulation Result 2: Target Load F' max Does the load wave exhibit a tailing phenomenon in the downward-stretched incident rod?

[0073] Simulation result 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod.

[0074] Step 3: Determine whether the current dimensions of the secondary coil copper layer and the secondary coil titanium alloy layer are optimal.

[0075] Based on the obtained target loads F' max The determination of simulation results 1, 2, and 3 is as follows:

[0076] At target load F' max Below, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil is >0.05h', which does not meet the target load F'. max Condition 1 for determining the pull-down secondary coil; the target load F' max In the lower compression injection rod The load waveform exhibiting a tailing phenomenon does not meet the target load F. max Condition 2 for determining the pull-down secondary coil; the target load F max The load F' transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod is less than 0.95 × F'. max The target load F' is not satisfied. max Condition 3 for determining the compression of the secondary coil.

[0077] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F' max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for the drawn secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of both the copper and titanium alloy layers of the drawn secondary coil are determined to be unsatisfactory. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions of both layers meet the requirements, they are considered optimal. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions, and the design process ends.

[0078] Step 4: Optimization of the dimensions of the secondary coil copper layer and the secondary coil titanium alloy layer:

[0079] The specific process for designing and optimizing the dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the drawn secondary coil is as follows:

[0080] Ⅰ. Optimize the thickness of the titanium alloy layer in the stretched secondary coil. If the target load F' max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil is >0.05h', and the initial thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil is... T 'Increase by 2mm to obtain the initial thickness h of the new stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer.' T1 If the target load F' max The load waveform in the downward-stretched incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The initial thickness h' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are compared. C Simultaneously reduce by 1mm to obtain the initial thickness h'1 of the new stretched secondary coil copper layer and the groove depth h of the stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer. C1 '

[0081] II. Simulation Calculation. Repeat step 2, adjusting the radius r' of the stretched secondary coil copper layer, the new thickness h'1 of the stretched secondary coil copper layer, and the new groove depth h of the stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer. C1 Enter the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS, repeat step 3, and perform simulation calculations again to calculate the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil.

[0082] III. Determine whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the optimized tension secondary coil and the load waveform in the tension incident rod meet the determination conditions for the optimal size of the tension secondary coil.

[0083] The calculated value of F' at the free end face of the tensioning incident rod, transmitted from the secondary coil, is ≥0.95*F'. max If the optimized target loads F' max If the simulation results all meet the judgment criteria, then the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil meet the requirements, which is the final result of the stretched secondary coil design, and the design ends. Conversely, if each target load F' max The judgment result still does not meet the target load F' max If required, repeat the process of adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the stretched incident rod are satisfied; continue to optimize the design of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer structure of the stretched secondary coil until each target load F' is reached. max The determination result satisfies the target load F' max Require.

[0084] Step 5: Determine the structural dimensions of the secondary coil:

[0085] By determining in step 3 whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are optimal, and by optimizing the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil in step 4, the structural dimensions of the stretched secondary coil are determined as follows:

[0086] Discharge coil: Number of turns = 8 to 18 turns, inner diameter = 30 mm, outer diameter = 76 to 136 mm, turn spacing = 1 mm.

[0087] Target load F' max =8×10 4 N~16×10 4 N.

[0088] Final dimensions of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, inner hole radius = 15mm, thickness = 6-10mm.

[0089] Final dimensions of the titanium alloy layer for the stretched secondary coil: radius = 38-68 mm, inner hole radius = 15 mm, thickness = 8.8-13.6 mm.

[0090] Final dimensions of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, depth = 6-10mm.

[0091] Final size of the inner hole of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 15mm.

[0092] The present invention includes a layered secondary coil, which comprises a copper layer and a titanium alloy layer, wherein the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer are bonded together by high-performance conductive silicone.

[0093] In this invention, both the compressed secondary coil copper layer and the stretched secondary coil copper layer are machined from copper into a disk shape, with a central axial hole. Similarly, both the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer and the stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer are machined into a disk shape, with a central axial hole.

[0094] The dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer in the layered secondary coil of this invention need to be designed in conjunction with the structural parameters of the discharge coil. To achieve the above objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0095] First, the initial dimensions of the secondary coil are determined based on empirical formulas and discharge coil structural parameters. Then, simulation modeling is performed on the initial dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Next, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil under the impact of the target load and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the incident rod are calculated. The simulation results are then compared with the judgment conditions for the impact of the target load on the secondary coil. Based on the judgment results, the design is either terminated or the structural dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the secondary coil are gradually adjusted until all judgment conditions are met.

[0096] Based on the secondary coil structure design method of the present invention, simulation results of the present invention and the original secondary coil design structure under the same target load impact conditions were compared.

[0097] Figure 7 Without the titanium alloy layer, the compressed secondary coil under a target load of 12×10 4 The load generated on the free end face of the incident rod under N impact can be seen to be less than 10 × 10 due to the absence of a titanium alloy layer. 4 N, of which a portion of the energy is consumed as internal energy through the axial deformation of the copper layer; Figure 8 The compression secondary coil structure was not optimized under the target load of 12×10. 4 The load generated by the compression of the free end face of the incident rod under N impact, although the load amplitude is increased, the waveform shows a tailing phenomenon. This corresponds to the stress wave in the incident rod also showing a tailing phenomenon, which is not conducive to dynamic compression test. Figure 9 This invention utilizes an optimized design of the compressed secondary coil structure to achieve a target load of 12×10. 4 The load generated by the compression of the free end face of the incident rod under the N impact is not only increased to approach the target load due to the structural design of the present invention, but also the load waveform is smooth without tailing phenomenon. Similarly, the stress wave in the incident rod will not have tailing phenomenon. The stress wave at this time is beneficial to dynamic compression test.

[0098] Figure 10 The secondary coil without the titanium alloy layer is stretched under a target load of 10×10. 4 The load generated on the free end face of the incident rod under N impact shows that the load is less than 8 × 10⁻⁶ due to the absence of a titanium alloy layer. 4 N, of which a portion of the energy is consumed as internal energy through the axial deformation of the copper layer; Figure 11 The secondary coil structure was not optimized under the target load of 10×10. 4 Although the load amplitude is increased by the load generated on the free end face of the incident rod under N impact, the waveform shows a tailing phenomenon. This corresponds to the stress wave in the incident rod also showing a tailing phenomenon, which is not conducive to dynamic tensile testing. Figure 12 This invention relates to the optimized design of the stretched secondary coil structure under a target load of 10×10. 4 The load generated on the free end face of the incident rod under N impact is not only increased to approach the target load due to the waveform adjustment in this invention, but the waveform is also smooth without tailing. Similarly, the stress wave in the incident rod will not have tailing. The stress wave at this time is beneficial for dynamic tensile testing.

[0099] By redesigning the secondary coil structure in existing stress wave generators, considering that the load in the incident rod is equal to the product of the stress wave and the cross-sectional area, and that the cross-sectional area in the incident rod is fixed, the load waveform is completely consistent with the stress wave waveform. Regarding the technical solutions in applications CN202110049670.2, CN202110536462.5, and CN202110536839.7, this invention fills the space between the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the secondary coil with high-performance conductive silicone, allowing the copper layer and titanium alloy layer to bond perfectly through the conductive silicone. Simultaneously, the initial dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer in the secondary coil are designed according to the target load, and the thickness and radius of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer are analyzed and calculated. Finally, based on the simulation results, dimensional optimization and adjustment were performed, significantly improving the deformation of the secondary coil under target load impact and the transmission effect of stress wave waveforms and load waveforms in the incident rod. Simulation calculations demonstrate that this invention can significantly improve the overall strength and stiffness of the secondary coil structure. The reduced deformation of the secondary coil copper layer under target load impact allows the target load to be transmitted to the incident rod to the maximum extent. Simultaneously, due to the optimized design of the secondary coil copper layer and titanium alloy layer, the stress wave waveforms and load waveforms in the incident rod are smoother and free of tailing, enabling the generated stress waves to be used in dynamic compression or tensile tests.

[0100] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are:

[0101] In conducting dynamic compression or tensile tests on electromagnetic Hopkinson bars, this invention replaces the original secondary coil structure with a layered secondary coil composed of a copper layer and a titanium alloy layer. Firstly, due to the differences in the properties of copper and titanium alloy, bonding them together with high-performance conductive silicone significantly improves the overload resistance of the copper layer in the secondary coil, effectively preventing deformation of the copper layer under target load impact and significantly increasing the upper limit of the peak load in the incident bar. Secondly, by filling the gap between the copper layer and the titanium alloy with high-performance conductive silicone, and by designing an optimized method for adjusting the thickness of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the secondary coil specifically for the target load, the problems of unevenness and tailing in the load and stress wave waveforms in the incident bar are effectively solved.

[0102] This invention is applicable to the design of secondary coils for impact experiments under different target loads, and is not limited to the 8×10 coils proposed in various embodiments. 4 ~16×10 4 Theoretical calculations show that it can meet the design requirements of secondary coils for any other large target load. Attached Figure Description

[0103] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil.

[0104] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil.

[0105] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic loading gun for compressing the secondary coil in this invention.

[0106] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the electromagnetic loading gun for stretching the secondary coil in this invention.

[0107] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the load waveform being transmitted in the compression incident rod during a compression experiment.

[0108] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the load waveform being transmitted in the tensile incident rod during a tensile test.

[0109] Figure 7 Without the titanium alloy layer, the compressed secondary coil under a target load of 12×10 4 The load generated by the compression of the free end face of the incident rod under N impact is represented by the x-axis as time (seconds) and the y-axis as the load (N).

[0110] Figure 8 The compression secondary coil structure was not optimized under the target load of 12×10. 4 The load generated by the compression of the free end face of the incident rod under N impact is represented by the x-axis as time (seconds) and the y-axis as the load (N).

[0111] Figure 9 This invention utilizes an optimized design of the compressed secondary coil structure to achieve a target load of 12×10. 4 The load generated by the compression of the free end face of the incident rod under N impact is represented by the x-axis as time (seconds) and the y-axis as the load (N).

[0112] Figure 10 The secondary coil without the titanium alloy layer is stretched under a target load of 10×10. 4 The load generated on the free end face of the tensile incident rod under N impact is represented by the x-axis as time (seconds) and the y-axis as load (N).

[0113] Figure 11 The secondary coil structure was not optimized under the target load of 10×10. 4 The load generated on the free end face of the tensile incident rod under N impact is represented by the x-axis as time (seconds) and the y-axis as load (N).

[0114] Figure 12 This invention relates to the optimized design of the stretched secondary coil structure under a target load of 10×10. 4The load generated on the free end face of the tensile incident rod under N impact is represented by the x-axis as time (seconds) and the y-axis as load (N).

[0115] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0116] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0117] In the figure: 1. Discharge coil; 2. Compressed secondary coil copper layer; 3. Compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer; 4. Compressed incident rod; 5. Tensile secondary coil copper layer; 6. Tensile secondary coil titanium alloy layer; 7. Flange; 8. Tensile incident rod; 9. Strain gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0118] This invention is a design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impacts.

[0119] The compressed target load F max It is a load set between the discharge coil and the compression secondary coil; the compression target load F max 8×10 4 ~16×10 4 N.

[0120] The tensile target load F' max It is a load set between the discharge coil and the tensioning secondary coil; the tensioning target load F' max 8×10 4 ~16×10 4 N.

[0121] The secondary coil includes a compressed secondary coil and a stretched secondary coil. To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solution will be described in detail through 12 embodiments. Embodiments 1-6 describe the design method of the compressed secondary coil, and embodiments 7-12 describe the design method of the stretched secondary coil.

[0122] To ensure the secondary coil proposed in this invention meets the requirements of dynamic compression and dynamic tensile tests, the initial dimensions of the secondary coil are determined based on empirical formulas given the discharge coil parameters during the design process. Simulation calculations are performed on the initial dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers to calculate the axial deformation of the copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the incident rod. The simulation results are then substituted into the secondary coil's judgment criteria under the target compression load Fmax and the target tensile load for evaluation. Based on the judgment results, the secondary coil design is terminated, or the structural dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers are gradually adjusted until the secondary coil's judgment criteria are met.

[0123] The copper layer of the compression secondary coil is a circular sheet with a radius of r and a thickness of h, and is made of copper. The titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil is also a circular sheet with a radius of r. T Thickness h T The compression secondary coil has a center opening with a radius of r on one surface. C Depth is h C A circular groove, the radius of which is r C The radius r of the copper layer is the same, r = r C The compressed secondary coil copper layer is embedded in the groove to achieve positioning between the compressed secondary coil copper layer 2 and the discharge coil 1.

[0124] The compression secondary coil includes a discharge coil 1, a compression secondary coil copper layer 2, and a compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer 3; the compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer is coaxially mounted with the discharge coil. The compression secondary coil copper layer is embedded on the inner surface of the compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer, which is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil, and is thus positioned in contact with the end face of the discharge coil. During dynamic compression experiments, the compression incident rod is installed at the center of the outer surface of the compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer 3.

[0125] The stretching secondary coil includes a discharge coil 1, a copper layer 5, and a titanium alloy layer 6. The titanium alloy layer is coaxially mounted with the discharge coil. The copper layer is embedded on the inner surface of the titanium alloy layer, which is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil, and is thus positioned to fit against the end face of the discharge coil. The stretching incident rod is installed at the center of the outer surface of the titanium alloy layer 6.

[0126] The copper layer 5 of the stretching secondary coil is an annular sheet with a radius of r' and a thickness of h', and is made of copper. The center of this copper layer has a through-hole for the stretching incident rod to pass through. The titanium alloy layer 6 of the stretching secondary coil is an annular sheet with a radius of r. T Thickness h T A circular groove has a radius on one surface of the titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil. The radius of the groove is the same as that of the copper layer of the stretching secondary coil. The copper layer of the stretching secondary coil is embedded in the groove to achieve positioning between the copper layer 5 and the discharge coil 1. A stretching incident rod is located at the center of the titanium alloy layer of the stretching secondary coil. During the dynamic stretching test, the copper layer 5 of the stretching secondary coil is embedded in the groove of the titanium alloy layer 6; the stretching rod 8 passes through the through hole at the center of the discharge coil 1, the through hole at the center of the copper layer 5, and the through hole at the center of the titanium alloy layer 6, and is fixed at the end of the titanium alloy layer 6 by a flange 7.

[0127] The specific process for designing the secondary coil proposed in this invention is as follows:

[0128] I. Design of the compression secondary coil.

[0129] Step 1, determine the initial dimensions of the compressed secondary coil:

[0130] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the compressed secondary coil structure. In the diagram, the radius *r* of the copper layer and the radius *r* of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are shown. C Same: r = r C The thickness h of the copper layer in the compression secondary coil and the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer in the compression secondary coil. C Same: h = h C .

[0131] The radius r of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness h of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness H of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil, and the radius r of the groove of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are determined by formulas (1) to (3), respectively. C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C The units in formulas (1) to (3) are all mm.

[0132] r = r C = (0.8~0.95)×R (1)

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] The radius r of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness h of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, and the thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil were obtained respectively. T The radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C .

[0136] Step 2, based on the target load F max Simulation calculations were performed on the initial dimensions of the discharge coil and the secondary coil, including the axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod.

[0137] The specific process is as follows:

[0138] Ⅰ Determine the target load F max The optimal size determination criteria for the lower compression secondary coil structure. These criteria include three conditions:

[0139] Judgment condition 1: Target load F maxThe axial deformation of the copper layer of the lower compression secondary coil is ≤0.05h;

[0140] Judgment condition 2: Target load F max The load waveform in the compression incident rod should exhibit no tailing phenomenon. This requires that the load amplitude before being reflected back to strain gauge 9 after being transmitted to the free end face of the compression incident rod by strain gauge 9 is zero.

[0141] like Figure 5 For condition 2, the length of the compression incident rod is L, and the distance from the strain gauge attachment point in the compression incident rod to the flange end face is x. The time after the load propagates a distance x is defined as the initial time (t = 0). Then, the load travels a distance S1 = Lx from the initial time to reach the free end face of the compression incident rod. The load is reflected upon reaching the free end face of the compression incident rod, and the distance from the free end face of the compression incident rod back to the strain gauge is S2 = Lx. Therefore, the total path of the load propagating in the incident rod after the initial time (t = 0) is 2(Lx). The stress wave velocity in the incident rod is v. Therefore, the time from the initial time (t = 0) to the time the load reflects from the free end face of the compression incident rod and re-reaches the strain gauge is... The load waveform pulse width is T.

[0142] The length L of the compression injection rod is 3m and the diameter is 25mm.

[0143] Judgment condition 3: The load F transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is ≥ 0.95 * F max ;

[0144] Simulation calculations were performed on the initial dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil under the target load F. max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the incident rod are calculated. The specific simulation process is as follows: The radius r of the compressed secondary coil copper layer, the thickness h of the compressed secondary coil copper layer, and the radius r of the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer, determined in step 1, are... T Thickness h of titanium alloy layer in compression secondary coil T The radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C The model was created using finite element simulation software such as COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS, and the axial deformation of the copper layer, load waveform tailing, and load amplitude at the free end face of the incident rod were exported from the simulation results. Pure copper was used for the copper layer of the compression secondary coil, and titanium alloy TC4 was used for the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil.

[0145] II. Input the structural parameters of the discharge coil, the initial structural parameters of the compression secondary coil, and the dimensions of the compression incident rod into the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS to model the system.

[0146] The structural parameters of the discharge coil include the number of turns, inner diameter, outer diameter, and turn spacing. The initial structural parameters of the compressed secondary coil include the radius r of the copper layer, the thickness h of the copper layer, and the radius r of the titanium alloy layer. T Thickness h of titanium alloy layer in compression secondary coil T The radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C .

[0147] For each of the target loads F max Simulation calculations were performed. Three simulation results were obtained, namely:

[0148] Simulation result 1: Axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil.

[0149] Simulation Result 2: Target Load F max Does the load wave in the lower compression incident rod exhibit a tailing phenomenon?

[0150] Simulation result 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod.

[0151] When the target load F max 8×10 4 The three simulation results obtained were as follows: the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil was 0.065h; the target load F max The load wave in the lower compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is F = 7.4 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N.

[0152] When the target load F max 12×10 4 The three simulation results obtained were as follows: the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil was 0.095h; the target load F max The load wave in the lower compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is F = 10.4 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N.

[0153] When the target load F max 16×10 4The three simulation results obtained were as follows: the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil was 0.11h; the target load F max The load wave in the lower compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is F = 12.8 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N.

[0154] Step 3: Determine whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are optimal based on the simulation calculation results.

[0155] Based on the obtained target loads F max The optimal size of the compressed secondary coil is determined using simulation results 1, 2, and 3. The specific process is as follows:

[0156] When the target load F max 8×10 4 At that time, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is 0.065h > 0.05h, which does not meet the target load F. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 1; the target load F max The load waveform in the lower compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The target load F is not met. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 2; the target load F max The load F transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is 7.4 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N ≤ = 0.95 × F max =0.95×8×10 4 N, does not meet the target load F max Condition 3 for determining the compression of the secondary coil.

[0157] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F. max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for compressing the secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the current compressed secondary coil are determined to be insufficient. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the dimensions are considered optimal. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions.

[0158] When the target load F max 12×10 4 At that time, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is 0.095h > 0.05h, which does not meet the target load F. maxLower compression secondary coil determination condition 1; the target load F max The load waveform in the lower compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The target load F is not met. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 2; the target load F max The load F transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is 10.4 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N ≤ = 0.95 × F max =0.95×8×10 4 N, does not meet the target load F max Condition 3 for determining the compression of the secondary coil.

[0159] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F. max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for compressing the secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the current compressed secondary coil are determined to be unsatisfactory. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers are determined to be optimal. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions.

[0160] When the target load F max 16×10 4 At that time, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is 0.11h > 0.05h, which does not meet the target load F. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 1; the target load F max The load waveform in the lower compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The target load F is not met. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 2; the target load F max The load F transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod is 12.8 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N ≤ = 0.95 × F max =0.95×16×10 4 N, does not meet the target load F max Condition 3 for determining the compression of the secondary coil.

[0161] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F. maxIf conditions 1, 2, and 3 for compressing the secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the current compressed secondary coil are determined to be unsatisfactory. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers are determined to be optimal. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions.

[0162] Step 4, optimization of the dimensions of the compressed secondary coil copper layer and the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer:

[0163] When the target load F is in step 3 max The determination result is that the current dimensions of the copper layer and alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil cannot simultaneously meet the target load F. max To meet the optimal size requirements, further optimization of the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy in the compression secondary coil is needed. Specifically:

[0164] I. Adjust the thickness of the titanium alloy layer in the compression secondary coil. If the target load F max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is >0.05h, and the initial thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil is... T Increasing the thickness by 2mm yields the initial thickness h of the new compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer. T1 If the target load F max The load waveform in the lower compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The initial thickness h of the compressed secondary coil copper layer is reduced by 1 mm to obtain a new initial thickness h1 of the compressed secondary coil copper layer.

[0165] II. Simulation Calculation. Repeat step 2, adjusting the radius r of the compressed secondary coil copper layer, the thickness h1 of the new compressed secondary coil copper layer, and the thickness h of the new compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer. T1 Enter the data into the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS, repeat step 3, and simulate and calculate the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil again.

[0166] III. Determine whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the compressed incident rod meet the optimal size judgment condition for the compressed secondary coil structure. Calculate F ≥ 0.95 * F transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compressed incident rod. max If the optimized target loads F max If the simulation results all meet the judgment conditions, then the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are reasonable, representing the final result of the compressed secondary coil design, and the design is complete. Conversely, if the target loads F... max The judgment result still does not meet the target load Fmax If required, repeat the process of adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compression secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the compression incident rod meet the optimal size determination conditions for the compression secondary coil structure. Continue to optimize the design of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil until each target load F is reached. max The judgment result satisfies the target load F max Require.

[0167] The continued design optimization process involves repeatedly adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the compressed incident rod, after increasing the thickness of the titanium alloy layer, meet the optimal size determination conditions for the compressed secondary coil structure. This process yields a new titanium alloy layer thickness h for the compressed secondary coil. Tn The new compression secondary coil copper layer thickness h n And the new compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer groove depth h Cn The design is then completed after simulation calculations are performed to determine whether the optimal size criteria for the compressed secondary coil structure are met.

[0168] Step 5: Determine the structural dimensions of the compressed secondary coil:

[0169] By determining in step 3 whether the current dimensions of the compressed secondary coil copper layer and the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer are optimal, and by optimizing the dimensions of the compressed secondary coil copper layer and the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer in step 4, the structural dimensions of the compressed secondary coil are determined as follows:

[0170] Discharge coil: Number of turns = 8 to 18 turns, inner diameter = 30 mm, outer diameter = 76 to 136 mm, turn spacing = 1 mm.

[0171] Target load F max =8×10 4 N~16×10 4 N.

[0172] Final dimensions of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, thickness = 6-9.8mm.

[0173] The final dimensions of the titanium alloy layer for the compressed secondary coil are: radius = 38–68 mm, thickness = 8.8–13.6 mm.

[0174] Final dimensions of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, depth = 6-9.8mm.

[0175] Table 1 Structural dimensions of various embodiments in the compressed secondary coil

[0176]

[0177] II. Design of the stretching secondary coil.

[0178] Step 1: Determine the initial dimensions of the stretched secondary coil.

[0179] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stretched secondary coil structure. In the diagram, the radius r' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are shown. C 'Same: r' = r C The thickness h of the copper layer in the stretched secondary coil and the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer in the stretched secondary coil are related. C 'Same: h' = h C '.

[0180] The radius r' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the radius r of the groove of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are determined by formulas (4) to (6), respectively. C ', Thickness h of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil T The units in formulas (4) to (6) are all mm.

[0181] r'=r C = (0.8~0.95)×R (4)

[0182]

[0183]

[0184] The radius r' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, the thickness h' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, and the thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil were obtained respectively. T '.

[0185] Step 2: Based on the target load F max Simulation calculations of the initial dimensions of the discharge coil and the tension secondary coil, including the axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod:

[0186] The specific process is as follows:

[0187] First, determine the target load F. max 'Optimal Dimension Determination Criteria for Down-Stretching Secondary Coil Structure.' The determination criteria include three conditions:

[0188] Judgment condition 1: Target load F max 'Axial deformation of the copper layer of the lower-stretched secondary coil ≤ 0.05h';

[0189] Judgment condition 2: Target load F maxThe load waveform in the tensile incident rod should exhibit no tailing phenomenon. It is required that the load waveform, after being transmitted through strain gauge 9 to the free end face of the tensile incident rod and then reflected, has a load amplitude of zero before being retransmitted to strain gauge 9.

[0190] like Figure 6 For condition 2, the length of the tensile incident rod is L', and the distance from the strain gauge attachment point in the tensile incident rod to the flange end face is x'. The time when the load propagates a distance x' is defined as the initial time (t' = 0). Therefore, the load travels a distance S1' = (L' - x') from the initial time to reach the free end face of the tensile incident rod. The load is reflected upon reaching the free end face of the tensile incident rod, and the distance from the free end face of the tensile incident rod back to the strain gauge is S2' = (L' - x'). Therefore, the total path of load propagation in the incident rod after the initial time (t' = 0) is 2(L' - x'). The stress wave velocity in the incident rod is v. Thus, the load travels from the initial time (t' = 0) to the free end face of the tensile incident rod, reflects, and then returns to the strain gauge.

[0191] The strain gauge time is The load waveform pulse width is T'.

[0192] The length L of the tensioning incident rod is 3m and the diameter is 25mm.

[0193] Judgment condition 3: The load F' transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod is ≥ 0.95 × F' max ;

[0194] Simulation calculations were performed on the initial dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil under the target load F. max The simulation process involves calculating the axial deformation of the lower copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod. Specifically, the simulation process involves determining the radius r' of the copper layer of the tensioning secondary coil, the thickness h' of the copper layer of the tensioning secondary coil, and the radius r of the titanium alloy layer of the tensioning secondary coil, all as determined in step 1. T 'and stretching secondary coil titanium alloy layer thickness h T The model is constructed using finite element simulation software such as COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS, and the axial deformation of the copper layer, load waveform tailing, and load amplitude at the free end face of the tensile incident rod are exported from the simulation results. The copper layer of the tensile secondary coil is made of pure copper, and the titanium alloy layer of the tensile secondary coil is made of titanium alloy TC4.

[0195] II. Input the structural parameters of the discharge coil, the initial structural parameters of the stretching secondary coil, and the dimensions of the stretching incident rod into the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS to model the components.

[0196] The structural parameters of the discharge coil include the number of turns, inner diameter, outer diameter, and turn spacing. The initial structural parameters of the stretched secondary coil include the radius r' of the copper layer, the thickness h' of the copper layer, and the radius r of the titanium alloy layer. T Thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil T ', Radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil C 'and the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil C '.

[0197] For each of the target loads F' max Simulation calculations were performed. Three simulation results were obtained, namely:

[0198] Simulation Result 1: Axial deformation of the copper layer of the tensile secondary coil.

[0199] Simulation Result 2: Target Load F' max Does the load wave exhibit a tailing phenomenon in the downward-stretched incident rod?

[0200] Simulation result 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod.

[0201] When the target load F' max 8×10 4 The three simulation results obtained were as follows: the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil was 0.072h'; the target load F' was... max The load wave in the downward-stretched incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod is F = 7.5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N.

[0202] When the target load F' max 12×10 4 The three simulation results obtained were as follows: the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil was 0.092h'; the target load F' was... max The load wave in the downward-stretched incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod is F = 10.2 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N.

[0203] When the target load F' max 16×10 4 The three simulation results obtained were as follows: the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil was 0.108h'; the target load F' was... max The load wave in the downward-stretched incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod is F = 14.8 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N.

[0204] Step 3: Determine whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are optimal based on the simulation calculation results.

[0205] Based on the obtained target loads F' max The optimal dimensions of the stretched secondary coil are determined using simulation results 1, 2, and 3. The specific process is as follows:

[0206] When the target load is 8×10 4 At time N, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil is 0.072h' > 0.05h', which does not meet the target load F'. max Condition 1 for determining the lower tension secondary coil: The load waveform in the lower tension incident rod under the target load exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The target load F' is not met. max Condition 2 for determining the lower tension secondary coil: The load F' transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod under the target load is 7.5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N≤=0.95×F' max =0.95×8×10 4 N, does not meet the target load F' max Condition 3 for determining the pull-down secondary coil.

[0207] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F' max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for the drawn secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the drawn secondary coil are determined to be unsatisfactory. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the dimensions are considered optimal. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions.

[0208] When the target load is 12×10 4 At time N, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil is 0.092h' > 0.05h', which does not meet the target load F'. max Condition 1 for determining the lower tension secondary coil: The load waveform in the lower tension incident rod under the target load exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The target load F' is not met. max Condition 2 for determining the lower tension secondary coil: The load F' transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod under the target load is 10.2 × 10⁻⁶. 4N≤=0.95×F' max =0.95×12×10 4 N, does not meet the target load F' max Condition 3 for determining the pull-down secondary coil.

[0209] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F' max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for the drawn secondary coil are met, and the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the drawn secondary coil are deemed unreasonable and do not meet the requirements, then proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the dimensions are considered optimal. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions.

[0210] When the target load is 16×10 4 At time N, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil is 0.108h' > 0.05h', which does not meet the target load F'. max Condition 1 for determining the lower tension secondary coil: The load waveform in the lower tension incident rod under the target load exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The target load F' is not met. max Condition 2 for determining the lower tension secondary coil: The load F' transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod under the target load is 14.8 × 10⁻⁶. 4 N≤=0.95×F' max =0.95×16×10 4 N, does not meet the target load F' max Condition 3 for determining the pull-down secondary coil.

[0211] The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F' max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for the drawn secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the drawn secondary coil are determined to be unsatisfactory. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the dimensions are considered optimal. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions.

[0212] Step 4: Optimization of the dimensions of the stretched secondary coil copper layer and stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer:

[0213] When the target load F' is in step 3 max The determination result is that the dimensions of the current tensile secondary coil copper layer and the tensile secondary coil titanium alloy layer cannot simultaneously meet the target load F'.max To meet the optimal dimensional requirements, further optimization of the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy in the drawn secondary coil is needed. Specifically:

[0214] I. Adjust the thickness of the titanium alloy layer in the tension secondary coil. If the target load F' max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil is >0.05h', and the initial thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil is... T 'Increase by 2mm to obtain the initial thickness h of the new stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer.' T1 If the target load F' max The load waveform in the downward-stretched incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon, i.e. The initial thickness h' of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are compared. C Simultaneously reduce by 1mm to obtain the initial thickness h'1 of the new stretched secondary coil copper layer and the groove depth h of the stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer. C1 '

[0215] II. Simulation Calculation. Repeat step 2, adjusting the radius r' of the stretched secondary coil copper layer, the thickness h'1 of the stretched secondary coil copper layer, and the groove depth h of the new stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer. C1 Enter the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics or ANSYS, repeat step 3, and perform simulation calculations again to calculate the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil.

[0216] III. Determine whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the stretched incident rod meet the optimal size determination conditions for the stretched secondary coil structure. Simultaneously, it is also necessary to calculate F'≥0.95*F' transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the stretched incident rod. max If the optimized target loads F' max If the simulation results all meet the judgment criteria, then the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil meet the requirements, which is the final result of the stretched secondary coil design, and the design ends. Conversely, if each target load F' max The judgment result still does not meet the target load F' max If required, repeat the process of adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the stretched incident rod are satisfied; continue to optimize the design of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer structure of the stretched secondary coil until each target load F' is reached. max The determination result satisfies the target load F' max Require.

[0217] The continued design optimization process involves repeatedly adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the stretched incident rod, after increasing the thickness of the titanium alloy layer, meet the optimal size determination conditions for the stretched secondary coil structure. This process yields a new titanium alloy layer thickness h for the stretched secondary coil. Tn 'The new stretched secondary coil copper layer thickness h' n 'and the new stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer groove depth h Cn The design is then completed after simulation calculations are performed to determine whether the optimal dimensions of the stretched secondary coil structure are met.

[0218] Step 5: Determine the structural dimensions of the stretched secondary coil:

[0219] By determining in step 3 whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are optimal, and by optimizing the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil in step 4, the structural dimensions of the stretched secondary coil are determined as follows:

[0220] Discharge coil: Number of turns = 8 to 18 turns, inner diameter = 30 mm, outer diameter = 76 to 136 mm, turn spacing = 1 mm.

[0221] Target load F' max =8×10 4 N~16×10 4 N.

[0222] Final dimensions of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, inner hole radius = 15mm, thickness = 6-10mm.

[0223] Final dimensions of the titanium alloy layer for the stretched secondary coil: radius = 38-68 mm, inner hole radius = 15 mm, thickness = 8.8-13.6 mm.

[0224] Final dimensions of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 35-65mm, depth = 6-10mm.

[0225] Final size of the inner hole of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 15mm.

[0226] Table 2 Structural dimensions of various embodiments in the stretched secondary coil

[0227]

Claims

1. A secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact, comprising a compression secondary coil and a tension secondary coil; characterized in that, The compression secondary coil includes a discharge coil (1), a compression secondary coil copper layer (2), and a compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer (3); the compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer is coaxially mounted with the discharge coil; the compression secondary coil copper layer is embedded on the inner surface of the compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer that is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil, and the compression secondary coil copper layer is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil; the compression incident rod (4) is fixedly installed at the center of the outer surface of the compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer (3); The stretching secondary coil includes a discharge coil (1), a stretching secondary coil copper layer (5), and a stretching secondary coil titanium alloy layer (6); the stretching secondary coil titanium alloy layer is coaxially mounted with the discharge coil; the stretching secondary coil copper layer is embedded on the inner surface of the stretching secondary coil titanium alloy layer that is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil, and the stretching secondary coil copper layer is in contact with the end face of the discharge coil; the stretching rod (8) passes through the through hole in the center of the discharge coil (1), the through hole in the center of the stretching secondary coil copper layer (5), and the through hole in the center of the stretching secondary coil titanium alloy layer (6), and the stretching rod (8) is fixed at the end of the stretching secondary coil titanium alloy layer by the flange (7); The compressed secondary coil copper layer (2) is a circular sheet with radius r and thickness h; the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer has radius R1 and thickness H; a circular groove for embedding the compressed secondary coil copper layer is formed at the center of one surface of the titanium alloy layer; the radius of the circular groove is r1 and the depth is h. ; The radius of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is r, and the thickness is h; the radius of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil is r. T Thickness h T The titanium alloy has a circular groove at its center on one surface, into which a copper layer for embedding a compressed secondary coil is located; the radius of this circular groove is r. C Depth is ; The radius of the stretched secondary coil copper layer (5) is Thickness is The copper layer of the stretching secondary coil has a through hole at its center for the stretching incident rod to pass through; the titanium alloy layer (6) of the stretching secondary coil is annular and has an outer radius of [missing information]. Thickness is On one surface of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil, there is a groove for embedding the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, the radius of which is the same as the outer radius of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil.

2. A design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of designing a compressed secondary coil is as follows: Step 1, determine the initial dimensions of the secondary coil: Determine the following parameters respectively: the radius r of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness h of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness H of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil, and the radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil. C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C ; Step 2: Determine the axial deformation of the secondary coil copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod: According to the target load Simulation calculations were performed on the initial dimensions of the discharge coil and the secondary coil, including the axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod. Ⅰ Determine the target load The optimal size determination criteria for the lower compression secondary coil; the determination criteria include three conditions, namely: Judgment condition 1: Target load F max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the lower compression secondary coil is ≤0.05h; Judgment condition 2: Target load F max The load waveform in the compression incident rod has no tailing phenomenon. It is required that the load waveform in the compression incident rod is zero after being transmitted to the free end face of the compression incident rod by the strain gauge (9) and then reflected and retransmitted to the strain gauge. Judgment condition 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod. ; II. Input the structural parameters of the discharge coil, the initial structural parameters of the compression secondary coil, and the dimensions of the compression incident rod into the finite element simulation software. or Modeling in the middle; For each of the target loads F max Simulation calculations were performed; the simulation results are as follows: Simulation Result 1: Axial deformation of the copper layer in the compression secondary coil; Simulation Result 2: Target Load F max Does the load wave in the lower compression incident rod exhibit a tailing phenomenon? Simulation result 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod; Step 3, determining whether the current dimensions of the secondary coil copper layer and the secondary coil titanium alloy layer are optimal: Based on the obtained target loads F max The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 below determine whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are optimal. Specifically: At target load F max Under these conditions, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is >0.05h, which does not meet the target load F. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 1; the target load F max In the lower compression injection rod The load waveform exhibiting a tailing phenomenon is determined to be inconsistent with the target load F. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 2; the target load F max The load F, transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod, is then applied. The target load F is not met. max Condition 3 for determining the compression of the secondary coil; The simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load F. max If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for compressing the secondary coil are met, then the dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers of the current compressed secondary coil are determined to be insufficient. In this case, proceed to step 4 to further optimize the design of the copper and titanium alloy layers. Conversely, if the dimensions meet the requirements, then the optimal dimensions are determined. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions, and the design process ends. Step 4, optimization of the dimensions of the secondary coil copper layer and the secondary coil titanium alloy layer: The specific process for designing and optimizing the dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil is as follows: Ⅰ. Adjust the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil; if the target load F max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is >0.05h, and the initial thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil is... T Increase by 2mm, The initial thickness h of the new compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer is obtained. T1 If the target load F max Down The load waveform in the compression incident rod exhibits a tailing phenomenon. The initial thickness h of the copper layer of the compression secondary coil is reduced by 1 mm to obtain a new initial thickness h1 of the copper layer of the compression secondary coil. II. Simulation calculation; Repeat step 2, adjusting the radius r of the compressed secondary coil copper layer, the thickness h1 of the new compressed secondary coil copper layer, and the thickness h of the new compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer. T1 Input into finite element simulation software or In the next step, repeat step 3 and simulate and calculate the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil again. Ⅲ Determine whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the optimized compression secondary coil and the load waveform in the optimized compression incident rod meet the optimal size determination conditions of the compression secondary coil; Calculate the value transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod. If the optimized target loads F max If all simulation results meet the judgment criteria, then the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are reasonable, representing the final design result of the compressed secondary coil, and the design is complete; otherwise, if the simulation results still do not meet the target load F, the design is considered complete. max If required, repeat the process of adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compression secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the compression incident rod meet the optimal size determination conditions for the compression secondary coil. Continue to optimize the design of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil until each target load F is reached. max The judgment result satisfies the target load F max Requirements; Design completed; Step 5: Determine the structural dimensions of the secondary coil: By determining whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are optimal in step 3, and optimizing the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil in step 4, the structural dimensions of the compressed secondary coil are determined.

3. The design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step 1, when determining the initial dimensions of the compressed secondary coil, the radius r of the copper layer, the thickness h of the copper layer, the thickness H of the titanium alloy layer, and the radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil are determined by formulas (1) to (3), respectively. C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C The units in formulas (1) to (3) are all mm; (1) (2) (3) The radius r of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, the thickness h of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil, and the thickness h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil were obtained respectively. T The radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C .

4. The design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step 2, when determining the axial deformation of the secondary coil copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod, simulation calculations are performed on the initial dimensions of the compression secondary coil copper layer and the initial dimensions of the compression secondary coil titanium alloy layer under the target load F. max Below, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compression secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted by the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod; The specific simulation process is as follows: The radius r of the compressed secondary coil copper layer, the thickness h of the compressed secondary coil copper layer, and the radius r of the compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer, determined in step 1, are... T Thickness h of titanium alloy layer in compression secondary coil T The radius r of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C And the groove depth h of the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil C The model is constructed using finite element simulation software such as Abuqus or ANSYS, and the axial deformation of the copper layer, load waveform, and load amplitude of the free end face of the incident rod are exported from the simulation results.

5. The design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The structural dimensions of the compression secondary coil determined in step 5 are as follows: Discharge coil: Number of turns = 8~18 turns, inner diameter = 30mm, outer diameter = 76~136mm, turn spacing = 1mm; Target payload ; Final dimensions of the copper layer for the compressed secondary coil: radius = 35~65mm, thickness = 6~9.8mm; The final dimensions of the titanium alloy layer for the compressed secondary coil are: radius = 38~68mm, thickness = 8.8~13.6mm; Final dimensions of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil: radius = 35~65mm, depth = 6~9.8mm.

6. A design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of designing and stretching the secondary coil is as follows: Step 1: Determine the initial dimensions of the stretched secondary coil: Determine the radius of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil , Radius of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil ,Stretch the copper layer thickness of the secondary coil and the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil ; Step 2: Determine the axial deformation of the secondary coil copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod: According to the target load Simulation calculations of the initial dimensions of the discharge coil and secondary coil, including the axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensile incident rod: Ⅰ Determine the target load The optimal size determination criteria for the pull-down secondary coil; the determination criteria include three conditions, namely: Judgment condition 1: Target load Axial deformation of the copper layer of the lower-stretched secondary coil ≤ ; Judgment Condition 2 ; Target payload The load waveform in the tensioned incident rod should not have a tailing phenomenon. It is required that the load waveform in the tensioned incident rod is reflected after being transmitted to the free end face of the tensioned incident rod through the strain gauge, and the load amplitude before being re-transmitted to the strain gauge is zero. Judgment condition 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod ; II. Input the structural parameters of the discharge coil, the initial structural parameters of the stretched secondary coil, and the dimensions of the stretched incident rod into the finite element simulation software Abuqus or ANSYS for modeling. For each of the target payloads Simulation calculations were performed; three simulation results were obtained, namely: Simulation Result 1: Axial deformation of the copper layer of the tensile secondary coil; Simulation Result 2: Target Load Does the load wave in the downward-stretched incident rod exhibit a tailing phenomenon? Simulation result 3: The load transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod; Step 3, determining whether the current dimensions of the stretched secondary coil copper layer and the stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer are optimal: Based on the obtained target loads The determination of simulation results 1, 2, and 3 is as follows: At target load Below, the axial deformation of the copper layer of the compressed secondary coil is greater than... The target load is not met. Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 1; the target load In the lower compression injection rod, The load waveform exhibiting a tailing phenomenon is determined to be inconsistent with the target load F. max Lower compression secondary coil determination condition 2; the target load F max The load is transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod. The target load is not met. Condition 3 for determining the compression of the secondary coil; Simulation results 1, 2, and 3 cannot simultaneously satisfy the target load. If conditions 1, 2, and 3 for the pull-down secondary coil are met, it is determined that neither the current dimensions of the copper layer nor the titanium alloy layer of the pull-down secondary coil meet the requirements. In this case, proceed to step 4 to continue designing and optimizing the copper and titanium alloy layers of the pull-down secondary coil. Conversely, if the current dimensions of the copper and titanium alloy layers meet the requirements, they are considered the optimal dimensions. These optimal dimensions are then used as the final design dimensions, and the design process ends. Step 4: Optimization of the dimensions of the stretched secondary coil copper layer and stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer: The specific process for designing and optimizing the dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the drawn secondary coil is as follows: Ⅰ. Stretch the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the secondary coil; if the target load... The axial deformation of the copper layer under the stretching of the secondary coil copper layer is greater than The initial thickness of the stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer Increasing the thickness by 2mm yields the initial thickness of the new stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer. If the target load Load in the lower tension incident rod The waveform exhibits a trailing phenomenon, i.e. The initial thickness of the stretched secondary coil copper layer Depth of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil Simultaneously reduce the thickness by 1mm to obtain the initial thickness of the new stretched secondary coil copper layer. Depth of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil ; II. Simulation calculation; Repeat step 2 to stretch the radius of the secondary coil copper layer. New stretching secondary coil copper layer thickness and the new stretched secondary coil titanium alloy layer groove depth Input the data into the finite element simulation software Abuqus or ANSYS, repeat step 3, and perform the simulation calculation again to calculate the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil. III. Determine whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the optimized tension secondary coil and the load waveform in the tension incident rod meet the determination conditions for the optimal size of the tension secondary coil. Calculations are transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the tensioning incident rod. If the optimized target loads If the simulation results all meet the judgment conditions, then the dimensions of the copper layer and the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil meet the requirements, which is the final result of the stretched secondary coil design, and the design ends. Conversely, if each target load The judgment result still does not meet the target load. If required, repeat the process of adjusting the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil, performing simulation calculations, and determining whether the axial deformation of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil and the tailing phenomenon of the load waveform in the stretched incident rod are satisfied; continue to optimize the design of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer structure of the stretched secondary coil until the target loads are met. The judgment result satisfies the target load. Requirements; Design completed; Step 5: Determine the structural dimensions of the stretched secondary coil: Step 3 determines whether the current dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil are optimal, and step 4 optimizes the dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil to determine the structural dimensions of the stretched secondary coil.

7. The design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step 1: Determine the initial dimensions of the stretched secondary coil. Determine the copper layer radius of the stretched secondary coil using formulas (4) to (6) respectively. , Radius of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil ,Stretch the copper layer thickness of the secondary coil and the thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil The units in formulas (4) to (6) are all mm; (4) (5) (6) The radius of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil was obtained respectively. ,Stretch the copper layer thickness of the secondary coil , thickness of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil .

8. The design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step 2, when determining the axial deformation of the secondary coil copper layer and the load waveform transmitted from the secondary coil to the free end face of the compression incident rod: Simulation calculations were performed on the initial dimensions of the copper layer and titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil under the target load F. max The axial deformation of the copper layer of the secondary coil under tension and the load waveform transmitted by the secondary coil to the free end face of the incident rod; The specific simulation process is as follows: The radius of the copper layer of the stretched secondary coil, determined in step 1, is... ,Stretch the copper layer thickness of the secondary coil , Compress the radius of the titanium alloy layer of the secondary coil Compressed secondary coil titanium alloy layer thickness , radius of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compressed secondary coil and the depth of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the compression secondary coil The model is constructed using finite element simulation software such as Abuqus or ANSYS, and the axial deformation of the copper layer, load waveform, and load amplitude at the free end face of the incident rod are exported from the simulation results.

9. The design method for a secondary coil capable of withstanding target load impact as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The structural dimensions of the stretched secondary coil, as described in step 5, are as follows: Discharge coil: Number of turns = 8~18 turns, inner diameter = 30mm, outer diameter = 76~136mm, turn spacing = 1mm; Target payload ; Final dimensions of the copper layer for the stretched secondary coil: radius = 35~65mm, inner hole radius = 15mm, thickness = 6~10mm; Final dimensions of the titanium alloy layer for the stretched secondary coil: radius = 38~68mm, inner hole radius = 15mm, thickness = 8.8~13.6mm; Final dimensions of the groove in the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 35~65mm, depth = 6~10mm; Final size of the inner hole of the titanium alloy layer of the stretched secondary coil: radius = 15mm.

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