Parameter determination method and device of radio propagation model, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application disclose a method and device for determining parameters of a radio propagation model, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method for determining parameters of the radio propagation model comprises: obtaining satellite positioning information of a target object; wherein the target object comprises a mobile station, a base station and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station; determining an antenna height of the base station, an average height of the first building and a height of a position where the mobile station is located according to the positioning information of the target object; and determining input parameters of the radio propagation model according to the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building and the height of the position where the mobile station is located. In this way, the parameters of the radio propagation model are determined through satellite positioning information, which can improve the convenience and accuracy of determining the parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication engineering technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for determining parameters of a radio propagation model. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies study the strength of received signals around base stations by establishing radio propagation models, and then design communication networks based on these models. The input parameters of the radio propagation model determine its output; therefore, to improve the accuracy and ease of determining the input parameters, it is necessary to improve both the accuracy and ease of determining these parameters. However, current technologies rely on historical data to determine the input parameters of radio propagation models, requiring prior data collection in specific scenarios or the use of simplified models. Thus, the ease and accuracy of determining the input parameters need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of this application aim to provide a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for determining parameters of a radio propagation model.

[0004] The technical solution of this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for determining parameters of a radio propagation model, comprising: Obtain satellite positioning information of a target object; wherein the target object includes: a mobile station, a base station, and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station; Based on the location information of the target object, determine the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station; The input parameters of the radio propagation model are determined based on the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0005] Based on the above scheme, the method further includes: Obtain the satellite positioning information reception status information of the mobile station; The region type of the mobile station's location is determined based on the received status information; The step of determining the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location includes: The input parameters of the radio propagation model are determined based on the antenna height of the base station, the area type, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location.

[0006] Based on the above scheme, determining the input parameters of the radio propagation model according to the antenna height of the base station, the area type, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location includes: Based on the satellite positioning information and the area type, the distance between the second building adjacent to the mobile station is determined; wherein the second building is contained within the first building; The width of the open area between the second buildings is determined based on the distance between them; wherein, the open area is an area with no buildings distributed thereon. The input parameters of the radio propagation model are determined based on the distance between the second building adjacent to the mobile station, the width of the open area, the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, determining the width of the open area between the second buildings according to the distance between the second buildings includes: If the distance between the second buildings is less than or equal to the first distance, the width of the open area is determined to be a first multiple of the distance between the second buildings; If the distance between the second buildings is greater than the first distance, the width of the open area is determined to be a second multiple of the distance between the second buildings, wherein the second multiple is greater than the first multiple.

[0008] Based on the above scheme, the satellite positioning information comes from satellites that meet preset conditions; The satellites that meet the preset conditions include: The tracking time of the mobile station reaches a preset duration; The carrier-to-noise ratio exceeds the first threshold.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the region types include: The first type of area is an area where there are no buildings around the mobile station; The second type of area is an area where there is a building on one side of the mobile station; The third type of area is an area where there are buildings on both sides of the mobile station.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, determining the region type of the mobile station's location according to the reception status information includes: Based on the satellite positioning information reception status information, determine the distribution status information of satellites whose satellite positioning information has been successfully received relative to the mobile station; Based on the satellite distribution information, the region type of the mobile station's location is determined.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, the distribution information includes: the elevation angle and / or azimuth angle of the satellite relative to the mobile station.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, determining the area type of the mobile station's location according to the satellite distribution information includes: The azimuth angle of the satellite is divided into several equally divided intervals; Determine whether there is an elevation angle of the satellite smaller than the first angle within each of the equal intervals; If there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle within each of the equally divided intervals, the region type is determined to be the first type of region; If there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle within multiple consecutive equally divided intervals, the region type is determined to be the second type of region; If at least one of the equally divided intervals contains a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle, the region type is determined to be the third type of region.

[0013] Based on the above scheme, determining the distance between the second building adjacent to the mobile station according to the satellite positioning information and the area type includes: If the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to the second angle and less than the third angle, the height of the second building is determined to be the third multiple of the average height of the first building; If the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to the third angle, the height of the second building is determined to be a fourth multiple of the average height of the first building, wherein the third multiple is less than the fourth multiple; The distance between the second buildings is determined based on the received status information and the height of the second building.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, determining the distance between the second buildings according to the received status information and the height of the second building includes: If the area type is the first type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined as the second distance; If the area type is the second type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined according to the satellite's elevation angle and the height of the second building; If the area type is the third type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined based on the satellite's elevation angle and the height of the second building.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, the distance between the second buildings includes: If the distance between the second buildings is less than the third distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the third distance. If the distance between the second buildings is greater than the fourth distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the fourth distance.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a parameter determination apparatus for a radio propagation model, comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire satellite positioning information of the target object; wherein, the target object includes: a mobile station, a base station, and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station; The first determining module is used to determine the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station based on the positioning information of the target object. The second determining module is used to determine the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: Memory, which stores computer-readable instructions; A processor, connected to the memory, is configured to implement the method provided in the first aspect of the technical solution by executing computer-executable instructions stored in the memory.

[0018] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, can implement the method provided in the first aspect of the technical solution.

[0019] The method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for determining parameters of a radio propagation model provided in this application embodiment can acquire satellite positioning information of a target object. The target object includes a mobile station, a base station, and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station. Based on the positioning information of the target object, the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location are determined. Based on the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location, the input parameters of the radio propagation model are determined. Thus, it is possible to locate targets such as mobile stations, base stations, and buildings via satellite, and determine the relevant parameters of the target object based on the positioning information, thereby determining the input parameters of the radio propagation model, without relying on historical data, i.e., without needing to collect data in specific situations, which is convenient. Furthermore, determining the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the positioning information through satellite positioning is highly accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining parameters of a radio propagation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another method for determining parameters of a radio propagation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of parameters describing the characteristics of an urban environment is provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of parameters describing urban environmental characteristics provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of GNSS satellite distribution provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of a mobile station as provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This application provides a schematic diagram of the area type of a mobile station's location, as shown in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a parameter determination device for a radio propagation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To gain a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of this application, the implementation of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown in the embodiment of this application, a method for determining the parameters of a radio propagation model is provided, including: Step S110: Obtain satellite positioning information of the target object; wherein the target object includes: a mobile station, a base station, and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station; Step S120: Based on the positioning information of the target object, determine the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station; Step S130: Determine the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0023] The radio propagation model can be a radio wave propagation loss prediction model, used to calculate path loss based on input parameters and different propagation environments, thereby obtaining the average strength and variation characteristics of the received signal within the base station range, to facilitate the design of communication networks. For example, the radio propagation model includes, but is not limited to, the Cost 231-Walfisch-Ikegami model.

[0024] The target object can be any object that needs to be detected to determine the parameters of the radio propagation model. For example, the target object includes, but is not limited to, mobile stations, base stations, and buildings.

[0025] The satellite positioning information can be information obtained by locating the target object using satellites. Here, the satellite can be a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite. For example, this satellite includes, but is not limited to, GPS (Global Positioning System), BeiDou, Galileo, GLONASS, and other navigation satellites.

[0026] In some embodiments, the satellite positioning information can indicate the location of the target object, including but not limited to positioning coordinates. Here, the positioning coordinates can be three-dimensional coordinates, including the longitude and latitude of the target object's location and the height of the target object. The positioning coordinates can accurately pinpoint the location of the target object; the positioning height in the positioning coordinates can determine the height of the target object, for example, by directly determining the height of the target object based on the positioning height. Alternatively, the height of the target object can be determined by adding or subtracting from the positioning height, for example, adding or subtracting 2-3 meters from the positioning height to determine the height of the target object.

[0027] The mobile station can be a mobile terminal device capable of establishing communication with a base station to send and receive information. For example, the mobile station includes, but is not limited to, vehicle-mounted, handheld, portable, and fixed types of mobile stations.

[0028] In some embodiments, the mobile station includes a GNSS module for locating the position of the mobile station.

[0029] The base station can be a radio transceiver station that transmits information between itself and mobile terminal devices through a mobile communication switching center within a certain radio coverage area, and is capable of transmitting information with mobile stations.

[0030] The preset range can be the range required to determine the parameters of the radio propagation model, including but not limited to urban environments, suburban environments, and rural environments. For example, when using an urban macrocell propagation model to calculate path loss, the preset range can be an urban environment with high building density and height. Therefore, the applicable environment of the model can be determined based on the actual model used, thereby determining the preset range.

[0031] The first building can be one or more buildings within a preset range of the mobile station. The first building can affect the transmission of radio waves, causing path loss, such as the loss from the roof to the street and multiple diffraction of the roof.

[0032] In some embodiments, the input parameters include, but are not limited to, the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location. The input parameters can be determined based on the positioning information. For example, the antenna height of the base station and the height of the mobile station's location can be directly determined based on the positioning height included in the positioning coordinates in the positioning information; then, by adding or subtracting 2-3 meters from the positioning height, the average height of the first building can be determined. Thus, by directly or indirectly determining the parameters based on highly accurate positioning coordinates, the accuracy and convenience of parameter determination are improved.

[0033] In this embodiment of the application, step S120 may include: The antenna height of the base station is determined based on the location information of the base station; The average height of the first building is determined based on the antenna height of the base station, wherein the antenna height of the base station is higher than the average height of the first building.

[0034] Considering the practicalities of engineering design, the antenna height of a base station is generally higher than the building height to facilitate signal coverage. Therefore, in this embodiment, a certain value can be subtracted from the antenna height of the base station. For example, 2-3 meters can be subtracted from the antenna height of the base station to obtain the average height of the first building. This improves the convenience of determining the parameters.

[0035] In this embodiment of the application, step S120 may include: Based on the location information of the target object, the horizontal distance between the location of the mobile station and the location of the base station is determined.

[0036] The positioning coordinates of the mobile station and the base station can be determined based on their positioning information, and then the horizontal distance between them can be calculated directly based on their positioning coordinates.

[0037] In this embodiment of the application, step S130 may include: The input parameters of the radio propagation model are determined based on the horizontal distance between the location of the mobile station and the location of the base station.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the method further includes: Step S210: Obtain the satellite positioning information reception status information of the mobile station; Step S220: Determine the area type of the mobile station's location based on the received status information; Step S131: Determine the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the area type, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0039] The reception status information is used to indicate whether the mobile station has received the positioning information. For example, the reception status information includes, but is not limited to, whether positioning information transmitted by a particular satellite has been received, the reception time, and / or the reception frequency. Combined with the satellite's distribution location, the obstruction of satellite signals by buildings or other structures at the mobile station's current location can be determined, thereby identifying the area type of the mobile station's location based on the obstruction situation.

[0040] The area type is used to indicate the building distribution at the location of the mobile station. For example, the building distribution includes, but is not limited to, the number of buildings and / or building height.

[0041] In this embodiment of the application, determining the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the area type, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location includes: Based on the satellite positioning information and the area type, the distance between the second building adjacent to the mobile station is determined; wherein the second building is contained within the first building; The width of the open area between the second buildings is determined based on the distance between them; wherein, the open area is an area with no buildings distributed thereon. The input parameters of the radio propagation model are determined based on the distance between the second building adjacent to the mobile station, the width of the open area, the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0042] The area type is used to indicate the distribution of the second buildings. For example, the distribution includes, but is not limited to, the number and / or height of the second buildings.

[0043] The second building is one or more buildings distributed around the mobile station that can affect the mobile station's reception of the satellite positioning information. For example, a taller second building can block some satellites, making it difficult for the mobile station to receive the positioning information of the blocked satellites. Based on the blocking situation, the positional relationship between the mobile station and the second building can be determined, thereby calculating the distance between the mobile station and the second building. Then, based on the distance between the mobile station and the second building, the distance between the two second buildings can be calculated.

[0044] The open areas include, but are not limited to, streets.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, determining the width of the open area between the second buildings based on the distance between the second buildings includes: If the distance between the second buildings is less than or equal to the first distance, the width of the open area is determined to be a first multiple of the distance between the second buildings; If the distance between the second buildings is greater than the first distance, the width of the open area is determined to be a second multiple of the distance between the second buildings, wherein the second multiple is greater than the first multiple.

[0046] In addition to the open area, there are other areas between the second buildings. Exemplarily, these other areas include, but are not limited to, sidewalks and / or green belts. Therefore, in this embodiment, considering practical considerations, the width of the open area is determined based on a multiple of the distance between the second buildings. Exemplarily, when the distance between the second buildings is large (e.g., greater than 30m), the multiple is increased; when the distance between the second buildings is small (e.g., less than or equal to 30m), the multiple is decreased.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first distance can be 27-33m, preferably 30m; the first multiple can be 0.45-0.55, preferably 0.5; and the second multiple can be 0.60-0.74, preferably 0.67.

[0048] In this embodiment of the application, the satellite positioning information comes from satellites that meet preset conditions; The satellites that meet the preset conditions include: The tracking time of the mobile station reaches a preset duration; The carrier-to-noise ratio exceeds the first threshold.

[0049] The preset duration is used to determine whether the satellite can continuously track and locate the mobile station, thereby ensuring the stability of the satellite positioning information received by the mobile station and improving the accuracy of the determined parameters.

[0050] The carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) is used to indicate the relationship between the carrier and carrier noise, and can indicate the quality of the satellite positioning information. A higher CNR indicates better network reception, better network communication quality, and better network reliability. Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting the first threshold, some signals with poor quality are filtered out to ensure the quality of the satellite positioning information received by the mobile station, thereby facilitating the determination of input parameters and improving the accuracy of the determined parameters.

[0051] In some embodiments, the preset duration can be 2.7 to 3.3 seconds, preferably 3 seconds, and the first threshold can be 29 to 31 dBHz, preferably 30 dBHz.

[0052] In this embodiment of the application, the region type includes: The first type of area is an area where there are no buildings around the mobile station; The second type of area is an area where there is a building on one side of the mobile station; The third type of area is an area where there are buildings on both sides of the mobile station.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first type of area can be an open area, the second type of area can be a partially obscured area, and the third type of area can be a canyon area.

[0054] In this embodiment of the application, determining the region type of the mobile station's location based on the reception status information includes: Based on the satellite positioning information reception status information, determine the distribution status information of satellites whose satellite positioning information has been successfully received relative to the mobile station; Based on the satellite distribution information, the region type of the mobile station's location is determined.

[0055] The distribution information is used to indicate the distribution status of the satellite, which may include: distribution location and / or distribution density, etc.

[0056] By combining the reception status information and the distribution status information, it is possible to determine the obstruction of the satellite by buildings and other structures at the current location of the mobile station, and thus determine the area type of the mobile station's location based on the obstruction.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, the distribution information includes: the elevation angle and / or azimuth angle of the satellite relative to the mobile station.

[0058] The elevation angle can be the angle between the direction line from the satellite to the mobile station and the horizontal plane. The elevation angle ranges from [0-90]°.

[0059] The azimuth angle can be the horizontal angle between the north direction line of the satellite and the direction line of the mobile station in a clockwise direction. The azimuth angle ranges from [0-360]°.

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, determining the area type of the mobile station's location based on the satellite distribution information includes: The azimuth angle of the satellite is divided into several equally divided intervals; Determine whether there is an elevation angle of the satellite smaller than the first angle within each of the equal intervals; If there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle within each of the equally divided intervals, the region type is determined to be the first type of region; If there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle within multiple consecutive equally divided intervals, the region type is determined to be the second type of region; If at least one of the equally divided intervals contains a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle, the region type is determined to be the third type of region.

[0061] Considering that a height angle less than a certain value can introduce significant errors, such as multipath effects, this embodiment of the application uses a first angle for filtering to ensure the accuracy of determining the region type.

[0062] In some embodiments, the azimuth angle of the satellite is divided into multiple equal intervals, and then the region type is determined according to the distribution of the satellite's elevation angle in each equal interval.

[0063] For example, the azimuth angle of the satellite is divided into 6 equal intervals: [0-60]°, [60-120]°, [120-180]°, [180-240]°, [240-300]°, and [300-360]°. If all 6 equal intervals contain satellites with an elevation angle of [0-30]°, the region type is determined to be an open region; if only half of the consecutive equal intervals contain satellites with an elevation angle of [0-30]°, the region type is determined to be a partially obscured region; if only a portion of the intervals contain satellites with an elevation angle of [0-30]°, the region type is determined to be a canyon region.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first angle can be 30°, 36°, or 45°, preferably 30°.

[0065] In this embodiment of the application, determining the distance between the second building adjacent to the mobile station based on the satellite positioning information and the area type includes: If the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to the second angle and less than the third angle, the height of the second building is determined to be the third multiple of the average height of the first building; If the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to the third angle, the height of the second building is determined to be a fourth multiple of the average height of the first building, wherein the third multiple is less than the fourth multiple; The distance between the second buildings is determined based on the received status information and the height of the second building.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the satellite's altitude angle is [30-60]°, the height of the second building is determined to be 0.5 times the average height of the first building; when the satellite's altitude angle is [60-90]°, the height of the second building is determined to be 1 times the average height of the first building.

[0067] In some embodiments, the third multiple is positively correlated with the second angle. For example, when the second angle is [0-45]°, the third multiple can be 0.4~0.5; when the second angle is [45-60]°, the third multiple can be 0.5~0.6.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second angle can be [0-60]°, preferably 30°, the third angle can be [60-90]°, preferably 60°, the third multiple can be 0.4~0.6, preferably 0.5, and the fourth multiple can be 0.9~1.1, preferably 1.

[0069] In this embodiment of the application, determining the distance between the second buildings based on the reception status information and the height of the second building includes: If the area type is the first type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined as the second distance; If the area type is the second type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined according to the satellite's elevation angle and the height of the second building; If the area type is the third type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined based on the satellite's elevation angle and the height of the second building.

[0070] In some embodiments, the distance between the second buildings can be calculated based on the satellite's elevation angle, the height of the second building, and trigonometric relationships.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second distance can be 18-22m, preferably 20m.

[0072] In this embodiment of the application, the distance between the second buildings includes: If the distance between the second buildings is less than the third distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the third distance. If the distance between the second buildings is greater than the fourth distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the fourth distance.

[0073] Considering practical considerations, it is necessary to verify the reasonableness of the obtained distance between the second buildings. Therefore, in this embodiment, a reasonable range of 10m-50m is set to ensure the accuracy of determining the distance between the second buildings.

[0074] In some embodiments, the third distance can be 9-11m, preferably 10m, and the fourth distance can be 45-55m, preferably 50m.

[0075] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this application provides a method for determining parameters of a radio propagation model. It utilizes GNSS satellites to locate mobile stations and base stations, and accurately assigns values ​​to some parameters in the Walfisch-Ikegami model based on the positioning results, thereby improving the model's accuracy. Furthermore, it estimates some parameters in the Cost 231-Walfisch-Ikegami model based on the distribution of GNSS satellites, enhancing the ease of using the model. The GNSS satellite is one type of the aforementioned satellite, the Walfisch-Ikegami model is one type of the aforementioned radio propagation model, the mobile station and base station are one type of the aforementioned target object, the positioning result is one type of the aforementioned positioning information, and the some parameters are one type of the aforementioned input parameters.

[0076] Based on the main mechanisms of radio wave propagation, when using urban macrocell propagation models for prediction, propagating radio waves generally consist of two parts: a vertical plane wave propagating downwards from the rooftop and a horizontal plane wave propagating along the street. Although both types of plane waves are important, in urban environments far from base stations, the horizontal plane wave dominates, while near base stations, the vertical plane wave dominates.

[0077] The propagation mechanism of radio waves in urban macrocell areas is largely influenced by environmental factors such as building density and size. Typically, the propagation path loss in urban macrocell areas can be modeled using parameters related to environmental topography. These parameters include: street width *w*, building height, etc. Base station antenna height Mobile antenna height Factors such as frequency f and horizontal distance d between transmitting and receiving antennas can be used to determine path loss. The general function expression:

[0078] The Cost 231-Walfisch-Ikegami model (WIM model) is a basic Cost 231 model that utilizes Walfisch-Bertoni calculations of urban environments and incorporates Ikegami's correction function for handling street orientation. Experimental corrections have also been added to handle cases where fixed base station antennas are below roof height. This model has been used in the 800MHz to 1800MHz frequency band. Experiments show that significant improvements are still needed when the fixed base station antenna height is equal to or below roof height; it is a combination of empirical and deterministic models. When using it, one may encounter parameters describing the characteristics of the urban environment, such as... Figure 3 The diagram shown is a parameter schematic diagram describing the characteristics of an urban environment provided in an embodiment of this application; as shown... Figure 4The diagram shown is a schematic representation of another set of parameters describing urban environmental characteristics provided in an embodiment of this application. That is: ① Building height, (m); ② Road width, w(m); ③ Building spacing, b (m); ④ Relative to the road orientation to the direct radio path, .

[0079] The application of the Cost 231-Walfisch-Ikegami model should be handled in two separate cases: one is the case with low base station antennas, where the model is obtained from experimental tests and is suitable for LOS (Line of Sight) transmission; the other is the case with high base station antennas, which is suitable for NLOS (Not Line of Sight) transmission.

[0080] (1) Low base station antenna situation The free-space propagation characteristics differ within street-formed canyons. The WIM model applicable to this situation is based on tests conducted in Stockholm. If a free line-of-sight (LOS) path exists within the street canyon, then...

[0081] The first constant in the formula is the free space loss when L equals d=20m.

[0082] (2) High base station antenna situation In this case, the WIM model consists of 3 components and is valid for non-line-of-sight scenarios.

[0083]

[0084] in: : This refers to the free space loss, calculated between the base station and the final rooftop; : Calculate the diffraction and reflection within the street for "diffraction and scattering loss from the final roof to the street"; : For "multiple screen forward diffraction loss", calculate multiple diffractions above the roof.

[0085]

[0086] Considering the practicalities of engineering design, and for simplicity, this paper only considers the case where the base station antenna is higher than the average height of the building. This can be simplified to:

[0087] In the above formula, there are a total of 6 variables that need to be determined. Once these variables are determined, the path loss L can be determined relatively accurately. Since the mobile station has a GNSS module, its location is basically known, and the base station antenna also needs to have its coordinates measured first. Therefore, the variables that can be determined from the GNSS positioning results are: d: Horizontal distance from antenna to mobile station – calculated using base station coordinates and actual positioning coordinates, with an error accuracy of <5 meters. This horizontal distance is one of the horizontal distances between the location of the mobile station and the location of the base station.

[0088] h: Antenna height – This can also be calculated from the base station coordinates and positioning height, with an error accuracy of <5 meters. The antenna height mentioned is one of the antenna heights of the aforementioned base station.

[0089] Building height – For cellular antennas, the building height is 2-3 meters less than the antenna height. The building height is one of the average heights of the aforementioned first building.

[0090] The height of the mobile platform can be estimated, generally within 1 to 1.5 meters of the ground. The height of the mobile platform refers to one of the heights of its location.

[0091] The above parameters have relatively high estimation accuracy due to the existence of GNSS coordinates. The remaining two parameters need to be determined in real time based on the GNSS satellite information, and their approximate values ​​can be estimated as follows: b: The distance between buildings—estimated by satellite distribution and angle, within a range of [10-50] meters. The distance between the buildings is one of the distances between the second type of buildings mentioned above.

[0092] w: Street width – 0.5 for distances less than 30m from the building foundation, and 0.67 for distances greater than 30m. The street width is one of the widths of the aforementioned open area.

[0093] like Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of GNSS satellite distribution according to an embodiment of this application. Currently, there are numerous GNSS satellites distributed in the sky, with navigation constellations such as GPS, BeiDou, Galileo, and GLONASS covering the sky, resulting in a total of over 25 visible satellites for extended periods.

[0094] like Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the location of a mobile station according to an embodiment of this application.

[0095] Depend on Figure 6 As can be seen, when a mobile station is in the middle of a road, it may not be able to search for all GNSS satellites in the sky due to the obstruction of roadside buildings. Based on this characteristic, we can analyze the current positional relationship between the mobile station and the buildings, and thus calculate the distance between the mobile station and the buildings, i.e., the distance between buildings.

[0096] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the area type of a mobile station location provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0097] Generally, the states of a mobile station can be categorized as: open, canyon, and partially obscured. The open state is one of the aforementioned first type of area, the canyon state is one of the aforementioned second type of area, and the partially obscured state is one of the aforementioned third type of area.

[0098] For the above three cases, the judgment is made by combining the two variables of elevation angle and azimuth angle. The elevation angle ranges from [0-90]°, and the azimuth angle ranges from [0-360]°. Specifically: The azimuth angle is divided into 6 equal intervals of 60° each for determination.

[0099] Open: Each of the six equally divided intervals contains satellites with an elevation angle between [0-30]°.

[0100] Partial obstruction: Satellites with elevation angles between [0-30]° are included only in a continuous half-divided interval.

[0101] Canyon: Only includes satellites with elevation angles between [0-30]° in certain intervals.

[0102] For a satellite to be included in the analysis, the following conditions must be met: Due to reflection and other reasons, frequencies with a carrier-to-noise ratio below 30dBHz were removed.

[0103] The satellite needs to continuously track for more than 3 seconds. This condition is one of the aforementioned preset conditions.

[0104] So, regarding the situation in the canyon, combined with... Figure 6 As shown, we only need to calculate them separately. and Then, summing the two results gives the total distance b between the buildings.

[0105] like Figure 6 As shown, due to the height of the building Since the height can be obtained from the base station, it is necessary to estimate the height h of the buildings next to the street. The estimated height is related to the satellite cutoff angle θ. The specific method is as follows:

[0106] When the elevation angle is below 30 degrees, it will introduce a large error, so it can be considered to be in an open state.

[0107] Based on the relationships between trigonometric functions, we can obtain:

[0108]

[0109] The distance between buildings can then be calculated as follows:

[0110] When in a partially obscured state, calculate the distance to buildings on one side. Therefore, the overall estimate can be as follows:

[0111] If the calculated building distance b is greater than a reasonable range, the upper and lower limits need to be set to [10-50]m.

[0112] Directly set upper and lower limits (for example, if the calculated building distance b is greater than 50, take b=50; if the calculated building distance b is less than 10, take b=10).

[0113] When the area is fully open, a typical value for b is sufficient.

[0114] The typical value is 20m.

[0115] Therefore, the parameters required to calculate spatial distance loss can be fully estimated using the above method, thus quickly calculating the loss value and simplifying the measurement work.

[0116] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, this application provides a parameter determination device for a radio propagation model, the device comprising: The first acquisition module 110 is used to acquire satellite positioning information of a target object; wherein, the target object includes: a mobile station, a base station, and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station; The first determining module 120 is used to determine the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station based on the positioning information of the target object. The second determining module 130 is used to determine the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first acquisition module 110, the first determination module 120, and the second determination module 130 may all be program modules. After being executed by the processor, the program module can realize the functions of the above-mentioned modules.

[0118] In other embodiments, the first acquisition module 110, the first determination module 120, and the second determination module 130 may all be hardware-software hybrid modules; the hardware-software hybrid modules include, but are not limited to, various programmable arrays; the field-programmable arrays include, but are not limited to, field-programmable arrays and / or complex programmable arrays.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first acquisition module 110, the first determination module 120, and the second determination module 130 may all be pure hardware modules; the pure hardware modules include, but are not limited to, application-specific integrated circuits.

[0120] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes: The second acquisition module is used to acquire the reception status information of the satellite positioning information of the mobile station; The third determining module is used to determine the area type of the location of the mobile station based on the received status information; In some embodiments, the second determining module is further configured to determine the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the area type, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0121] In some embodiments, the second determining module is further configured to determine the distance between the second buildings adjacent to the mobile station based on the satellite positioning information and the area type; wherein the second buildings are contained within the first building; determine the width of the open area between the second buildings based on the distance between the second buildings; wherein the open area is an area without buildings; and determine the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the distance between the second buildings adjacent to the mobile station, the width of the open area, the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

[0122] In some embodiments, the second determining module is further configured to determine the width of the open area as a first multiple of the distance between the second buildings if the distance between the second buildings is less than or equal to the first distance; and to determine the width of the open area as a second multiple of the distance between the second buildings if the distance between the second buildings is greater than the first distance, wherein the second multiple is greater than the first multiple.

[0123] In some embodiments, the satellite positioning information comes from satellites that meet preset conditions; The satellites that meet the preset conditions include: The tracking time of the mobile station reaches a preset duration; The carrier-to-noise ratio exceeds the first threshold.

[0124] In some embodiments, the region type includes: The first type of area is an area where there are no buildings around the mobile station; The second type of area is an area where there is a building on one side of the mobile station; The third type of area is an area where there are buildings on both sides of the mobile station.

[0125] In some embodiments, the third determining module is further configured to determine, based on the reception status information of the satellite positioning information, the distribution status information of the satellites whose satellite positioning information has been successfully received relative to the mobile station; and to determine the area type of the location of the mobile station based on the distribution status information of the satellites.

[0126] In some embodiments, the distribution information includes: the elevation angle and / or azimuth angle of the satellite relative to the mobile station.

[0127] In some embodiments, the third determining module is further configured to divide the azimuth angle of the satellite into several equal intervals; determine whether there is an elevation angle of the satellite less than a first angle in each of the equal intervals; if there is an elevation angle of the satellite less than the first angle in each of the equal intervals, determine the region type as the first type of region; if there is an elevation angle of the satellite less than the first angle in multiple consecutive equal intervals, determine the region type as the second type of region; if there is an elevation angle of the satellite less than the first angle in at least one of the equal intervals, determine the region type as the third type of region.

[0128] In some embodiments, the second determining module is further configured to: if the altitude angle of the satellite is greater than or equal to the second angle and less than the third angle, determine that the height of the second building is a third multiple of the average height of the first building; if the altitude angle of the satellite is greater than or equal to the third angle, determine that the height of the second building is a fourth multiple of the average height of the first building, wherein the third multiple is less than the fourth multiple; and determine the distance between the second buildings based on the reception status information and the height of the second building.

[0129] In some embodiments, the second determining module is further configured to: if the region type is the first type of region, determine the distance between the second buildings as a second distance; if the region type is the second type of region, determine the distance between the second buildings based on the satellite elevation angle and the height of the second buildings; if the region type is the third type of region, determine the distance between the second buildings based on the satellite elevation angle and the height of the second buildings.

[0130] In some embodiments, the distance between the second buildings includes: If the distance between the second buildings is less than the third distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the third distance. If the distance between the second buildings is greater than the fourth distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the fourth distance.

[0131] like Figure 9 As shown in the figure, this application provides an electronic device, which includes: Memory, used to store computer-readable instructions; A processor, connected to the memory, is configured to implement the methods provided in any of the foregoing embodiments by executing computer-readable instructions, for example, an executable... Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 The method shown in the figure.

[0132] The memory can be of various types, such as random access memory, read-only memory, flash memory, etc. The memory can be used for information storage, for example, storing computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be various program instructions, such as object program instructions and / or source program instructions.

[0133] The processor can be of various types, such as a central processing unit, microprocessor, digital signal processor, programmable array, application-specific integrated circuit, or image processor. The processor can be connected to the memory via a bus, which can be an integrated circuit bus, etc.

[0134] like Figure 9 As shown, the electronic device may also include a network interface that can be used to interact with peer devices via a network.

[0135] This application also provides a computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. When executed, these instructions can implement the methods provided in any of the foregoing embodiments. For example, they can execute... Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 The method shown in the figure.

[0136] The computer storage media provided in this embodiment include various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0137] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0138] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0139] In addition, each functional unit in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0140] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0141] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining parameters of a radio propagation model, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain satellite positioning information of a target object; wherein the target object includes: a mobile station, a base station, and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station; Based on the location information of the target object, determine the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station; The system acquires satellite positioning information reception status information of the mobile station; based on the satellite positioning information reception status information, it determines the elevation angle and / or azimuth angle of the satellite whose satellite positioning information has been successfully received relative to the mobile station; it divides the azimuth angle of the satellite into several equal intervals; if there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than a first angle in each of the equal intervals of the satellite azimuth angle, the region type is determined to be a first type region; if there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle in multiple consecutive equal intervals, the region type is determined to be a second type region; if there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle in at least one of the equal intervals, the region type is determined to be a third type region. If the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to the second angle and less than the third angle, the height of the second building is determined to be a third multiple of the average height of the first building; if the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to the third angle, the height of the second building is determined to be a fourth multiple of the average height of the first building, wherein the second building is adjacent to the mobile station and contained within the first building; the third multiple is less than the fourth multiple; the distance between the second buildings is determined based on the reception status information and the height of the second building; The width of the open area between the second buildings is determined based on the distance between them. The input parameters of the radio propagation model are determined based on the antenna height of the base station, the area type, the distance between the second buildings, the width of the open area, the average height of the first building, and the height of the mobile station's location.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The open area refers to a region without any buildings.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the width of the open area between the second buildings based on the distance between them includes: If the distance between the second buildings is less than or equal to the first distance, the width of the open area is determined to be a first multiple of the distance between the second buildings; If the distance between the second buildings is greater than the first distance, the width of the open area is determined to be a second multiple of the distance between the second buildings, wherein the second multiple is greater than the first multiple.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The satellite positioning information comes from satellites that meet preset conditions; The satellites that meet the preset conditions include: The tracking time for the mobile station reaches a preset duration; The carrier-to-noise ratio exceeds the first threshold.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The region types include: The first type of area is an area where there are no buildings around the mobile station; The second type of area is an area where there is a building on one side of the mobile station; The third type of area is an area where there are buildings on both sides of the mobile station.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the distance between the second buildings based on the received status information and the height of the second building includes: If the area type is the first type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined as the second distance; If the area type is the second type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined according to the satellite's elevation angle and the height of the second building; If the area type is the third type of area, the distance between the second buildings is determined based on the satellite's elevation angle and the height of the second building.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the distance between the second buildings includes: If the distance between the second buildings is less than the third distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the third distance. If the distance between the second buildings is greater than the fourth distance, then the distance between the second buildings is determined to be the fourth distance.

8. A parameter determination device for a radio propagation model, characterized in that, The device includes: The first acquisition module is used to acquire satellite positioning information of the target object; wherein, the target object includes: a mobile station, a base station, and a first building within a preset range of the mobile station; The first determining module is used to determine the antenna height of the base station, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station based on the positioning information of the target object. The second acquisition module is used to acquire the reception status information of the satellite positioning information of the mobile station; The third determining module is used to determine the elevation angle and / or azimuth angle of the satellite whose positioning information has been successfully received relative to the mobile station based on the satellite positioning information reception status information; divide the azimuth angle of the satellite into several equal intervals; if there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than a first angle in each of the equal intervals of the satellite azimuth angle, the region type is determined to be a first type region; if there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle in multiple consecutive equal intervals, the region type is determined to be a second type region; if there is a satellite elevation angle smaller than the first angle in at least one of the equal intervals, the region type is determined to be a third type region. The second determining module is configured to: if the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to a second angle and less than a third angle, determine that the height of the second building is a third multiple of the average height of the first building; if the satellite's elevation angle is greater than or equal to a third angle, determine that the height of the second building is a fourth multiple of the average height of the first building, wherein the second building is adjacent to the mobile station and contained within the first building; the third multiple is less than the fourth multiple; determine the distance between the second buildings based on the reception status information and the height of the second buildings; and determine the width of the open area between the second buildings based on the distance between them. The second determining module is further configured to determine the input parameters of the radio propagation model based on the antenna height of the base station, the area type, the distance between the second buildings, the width of the open area, the average height of the first building, and the height of the location of the mobile station.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, which stores computer-readable instructions; A processor, connected to the memory, is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 by executing the computer-readable instructions.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions; when executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions can implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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