Fluidized bed feeder with lance

Abstract

The application provides a fluidized bed type feeding device with a nozzle, which at least comprises: a hopper supported and fixed by a first support; a fluidized chamber fixedly connected with the hopper through a first electric butterfly valve, a material conveying pipe and a nozzle are arranged on the side wall of the fluidized chamber, the nozzle extends into the fluidized chamber, and the end port of the nozzle is aligned with the pipe orifice of the material conveying pipe; a metering chamber supported and fixed by a second support and connected with the fluidized chamber through the material conveying pipe; an air distribution device arranged at the bottom of the fluidized chamber to introduce fluidizing gas into the fluidized chamber to suspend the material to form a fluidized bed; and the hopper and the fluidized chamber can further comprise a transition chamber. The application introduces the fluidized bed technology in the fluidized chamber to improve the fluidity of the material, can effectively prevent the bridging and agglomeration of the material, introduces the spouting gas through the nozzle to improve the material conveying efficiency of the metering chamber, and additionally, the transition chamber is designed to transfer the material to the fluidized chamber, so that the fluidized chamber is supplied with high-efficiency and stable material, and the working efficiency of the machine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automation of rare earth molten salt electrolysis, and in particular relates to a fluidized bed feeding device with a nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth elements possess excellent electrical, magnetic, and optical physical properties, making them indispensable in defense technology, chip manufacturing, and other industries. The feeding system is one of the key pieces of equipment in the rare earth molten salt electrolysis process. This system must strictly adhere to the process specifications when feeding oxide powder raw materials into the electrolytic cell, and it must adjust the feeding time, rate, and quantity in real time based on feedback from the product quality of the previous production cycle.

[0003] During powder conveying, bridging and agglomeration may occur, leading to equipment malfunction and reduced production efficiency. Examples include blockages in the hoppers of vacuum feeders and small bag feeding stations, as well as blockages in other equipment and pipelines. The main causes of bridging are: internal interlocking of powder materials to achieve force balance; pressure from the hopper walls increasing the material's consolidation strength; and high moisture content in the hopper, which, due to moisture absorption or static electricity, enhances adhesion between the material and the hopper walls, resulting in material arching.

[0004] Currently, the main solutions generally involve modifying the silo structure, such as increasing the size of the discharge port, reducing the hopper apex angle, or using an asymmetrical hopper (eccentric discharge port), thereby changing the hopper's geometry and preventing powder materials from bridging or arching. For easily sticky materials, moisture-proof or anti-static measures can be taken on the silo to reduce the frictional resistance of the silo walls. Moisture-absorbing materials should be properly treated for moisture protection and stored safely. Anti-static measures such as installing static grounding plates on facilities on the silo prone to static electricity can be implemented to eliminate static electricity. The above-mentioned structural modification methods have certain limitations and are generally applicable to silos with rapid, large-volume discharge, such as hoppers. Small, slow-feeding silos are not suitable for larger discharge port sizes, and eccentric discharge ports are not very effective in solving the problem.

[0005] Based on structural modifications, devices such as air hammers and high-frequency vibrations can be added to disrupt the force balance of powder materials in the silo, keeping materials with poor flowability in a flowing state. This can prevent material bridging to a certain extent and improve unloading efficiency. However, vibration has adverse effects on weighing accuracy and mechanical structure, and also generates significant noise.

[0006] Therefore, providing a new feeding device is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a fluidized bed feeding device with a nozzle to solve the problems of poor flowability of rare earth oxide powder in the prior art, which leads to bridging, agglomeration and blockage of rare earth oxide powder during pneumatic conveying.

[0008] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a fluidized bed feeding device with a nozzle, the device comprising at least:

[0009] The hopper is supported and fixed by the first bracket;

[0010] The fluidizing chamber is fixedly connected to the hopper via a first electric butterfly valve. A conveying pipe and a spray pipe are provided on the side wall of the fluidizing chamber. The end port of the spray pipe extending into the interior of the fluidizing chamber is aligned with the opening of the conveying pipe.

[0011] The metering chamber is supported and fixed by the second bracket and connected to the fluidization chamber through the conveying pipe;

[0012] A gas distribution device is installed at the bottom of the fluidization chamber to introduce fluidizing gas into the fluidization chamber, thereby suspending the material and forming a fluidized bed.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the device further includes a transition chamber installed between the hopper and the fluidizing chamber. The transition chamber is fixedly connected to the hopper through the first electric butterfly valve and fixedly connected to the fluidizing chamber through the second electric butterfly valve. A pressurized air pipe communicating with the interior of the transition chamber is also installed on the side wall of the transition chamber.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the top of the hopper is equipped with a feed inlet and a first ventilation filter, and the side wall of the hopper is equipped with a first upper limit level sensor and a first lower limit level sensor.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the side wall of the transition chamber is equipped with a first air pressure sensor, a second upper limit material level sensor, a second lower limit material level sensor and a pressure relief filter.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the fluidized chamber is a single-output fluidized chamber, and the side wall of the single-output fluidized chamber is provided with the nozzle port, and a first one-way valve is installed at the end port of the nozzle extending into the interior of the single-output fluidized chamber.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the fluidized chamber is a dual-output fluidized chamber. The side wall of the dual-output fluidized chamber is provided with two nozzles. A three-way airflow diverter is installed at the end port of the nozzle that extends into the interior of the dual-output fluidized chamber. The two outlets of the three-way airflow diverter are respectively aligned with the nozzles. A second one-way valve is installed at each of the two outlets.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the three-way airflow reversing device includes a three-way reversing valve body and a T-type ball valve disposed in the three-way reversing valve body. The T-type ball valve is connected to a three-way valve actuator motor outside the fluidization chamber through a transmission shaft with a bevel gear at one end.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the side wall of the fluidized chamber is also equipped with a second air pressure sensor, a third upper limit material level sensor, a third lower limit material level sensor and an exhaust port; the feeding pipe includes a horizontal feeding pipe and an inclined feeding pipe installed at the pipe opening, the horizontal feeding pipe and the inclined feeding pipe are connected by a third electric disc valve, and the nozzle and the horizontal feeding pipe are coaxially arranged.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the surface of the metering chamber is equipped with a ventilation filter and multiple pressure sensors, and a feeder is also installed at the bottom of the metering chamber.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention, the air velocity of the jetting gas injected through the nozzle is between 2m / s and 5m / s, the inner diameter of the feed pipe is between 20mm and 26mm, and the horizontal distance between the end port of the nozzle extending into the fluidized chamber and the opening of the feed pipe is between 65mm and 90mm.

[0022] As described above, the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This invention designs a fluidized chamber and incorporates fluidized bed technology within it. Specifically, fluidizing gas is introduced into the fluidized chamber to improve the flowability of materials and effectively prevent material bridging and agglomeration. In addition, a nozzle structure is designed within the fluidized chamber to improve the material conveying efficiency to the metering chamber.

[0024] 2. The present invention designs a transition chamber structure to transfer materials. By utilizing the pressure difference between the transition chamber and the fluidization chamber, the fluidization chamber can achieve efficient and stable material replenishment, thereby improving the working efficiency of the machine.

[0025] 3. This invention provides two types of fluidized bed output solutions (single-output and dual-output), allowing users to choose the appropriate solution based on their specific needs. The two fluidized bed solutions are interchangeable, and both upstream and downstream components can be matched and installed, which helps reduce design and manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 These are two oblique side views of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front view of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 Rear oblique two-side views of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a right view of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the interior of the transition chamber of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the single-output fluidized bed of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a top view of the dual-output fluidized bed of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a disassembly diagram of the three-way airflow converter inside the dual-output fluidized bed of the feeding device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the effect of the jetting air velocity on the feeding efficiency of this invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the effect of the inner diameter d of the feed pipe on the feeding efficiency.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a graph showing the effect of the horizontal distance L on the feeding efficiency of this invention.

[0037] Component designation explanation

[0038] 1-Hopper, 2-Fluidizing chamber, 201-Single-output fluidizing chamber, 202-Dual-output fluidizing chamber, 3-Metering chamber, 4-Air distribution device, 5-First support, 6-First electric butterfly valve, 7-Conveying pipe, 701-Horizontal conveying pipe, 702-Inclined conveying pipe, 703-Third electric butterfly valve, 8-Nozzle, 9-Second support, 10-Transition chamber, 11-Second electric butterfly valve, 12-Pressurized air pipe, 13-Inlet, 14-First ventilation filter, 15-First upper limit level sensor, 16-First lower limit level sensor, 17-First air pressure sensor, 18-Second upper limit level sensor, 19- 20-Second lower limit level sensor, 21-Pressure relief filter, 22-First check valve, 23-Three-way airflow reversing device, 221-Three-way reversing valve body, 24-Bevel gear, 25-Drive shaft, 26-Three-way valve actuator motor, 27-Second check valve, 28-Third upper limit level sensor, 29-Third lower limit level sensor, 30-Exhaust port, 31-Ventilation filter, 32-Pressure sensor, 33-Feeder, 34-Fourth upper limit level sensor, 35-Fourth lower limit level sensor, 36-Bearing, 37-Sealed bearing cover, 38-Reversing device top cover. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a fluidized bed feeding device with a nozzle. The device mainly includes a hopper 1, a fluidizing chamber 2, a metering chamber 3, and an air distribution device 4. The hopper 1 is supported and fixed by a first bracket 5. The fluidizing chamber 2 is fixedly connected to the hopper 1 by a first electric butterfly valve 6. A conveying pipe 7 and a nozzle 8 are provided on the side wall of the fluidizing chamber 2. The end port of the nozzle 8 extending into the interior of the fluidizing chamber 2 is aligned with the opening of the conveying pipe 7. The metering chamber 3 is supported and fixed by a second bracket 9 and connected to the fluidizing chamber 2 by the conveying pipe 7. The air distribution device 4 is located at the bottom of the fluidizing chamber 2 to suspend the material in the fluidizing chamber 2 by introducing fluidizing gas to form a fluidized bed.

[0042] The following is an appendix Figures 1 to 8 The fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle of the present invention will be described in more detail.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the hopper 1 is used to store a large amount of material and is welded and fixed to the first support 5 to support the hopper 1. Specifically, the upper part of the hopper 1 is cylindrical and the lower part is conical. By increasing the size of the discharge port of the hopper 1 and reducing the apex angle, the difficulty of unloading caused by material arching can be prevented. The apex angle of the hopper, that is, the angle between the conical inclined surface of the hopper and the central axis, is about 30°, at which point the material is less likely to arch or bridge.

[0044] Furthermore, the top of the hopper 1 is equipped with a feed inlet 13 and a first ventilation filter 14. For example... Figure 3 As shown, a first upper limit level sensor 15 and a first lower limit level sensor 16 for detecting the material inventory status are respectively installed at the high and low positions of the side wall of the hopper 1. It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the first electric butterfly valve 6 at the bottom of the hopper 1 is normally closed. All electric butterfly valves mentioned in this invention have good sealing performance, ensuring the isolation and sealing of each compartment.

[0045] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the fluidizing chamber 2 is fixedly connected to the hopper 1 via the first electric butterfly valve 6. A conveying pipe 7 and a nozzle 8 are provided on the side wall of the fluidizing chamber 2. The end port of the nozzle 8 extending into the fluidizing chamber 2 is aligned with the opening of the conveying pipe 7. During use, injecting aerosol into the nozzle 8 can improve the conveying efficiency of the fluidized material.

[0046] As an optimized solution of the present invention, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the equipment also includes a transition chamber 10 installed between the hopper 1 and the fluidizing chamber 2. The transition chamber 10 is fixedly connected to the hopper 1 via the first electric butterfly valve 6 and fixedly connected to the fluidizing chamber 2 via the second electric butterfly valve 11. The connection between the chamber body and the electric butterfly valve is a flange connection. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a pressurized gas pipe 12 communicating with the interior of the transition chamber 10 is also installed on the side wall of the transition chamber 10. Pressurized gas is introduced into the pressurized gas pipe 12 to appropriately increase the pressure inside the transition chamber 10, so that a pressure difference is formed between the transition chamber 10 and the fluidization chamber 2. This can help the material to enter the fluidization chamber 2 smoothly, thus providing material replenishment to the fluidization chamber 2 more effectively and improving the material conveying efficiency.

[0047] Furthermore, the transition chamber 10 is cylindrical. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a second upper limit material level sensor 18 and a first air pressure sensor 17 are installed on the upper side wall of the transition chamber 10, a second lower limit material level sensor 19 is installed below, and the pressurized air pipe 12 is installed at a slightly upper position. When the material in the transition chamber 10 is at a low level and needs to be replenished, and the air pressure value in the chamber is greater than or lower than the normal atmospheric pressure value, the pressure relief filter 20 is opened to make the air pressure value in the transition chamber 10 the normal atmospheric pressure value.

[0048] Depending on different production needs, the fluidizing chamber can be either a single-output fluidizing chamber or a dual-output fluidizing chamber, but is not limited to this.

[0049] In one embodiment, the fluidizing chamber 2 is selected as a single-output fluidizing chamber 201. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the single-output fluidizing chamber 201 has only one port on its side wall, and the nozzle 8 extends into the interior of the single-output fluidizing chamber 201 and is equipped with a first one-way valve 21 at its end port.

[0050] As an example, the single-output fluidizing chamber 201 is cylindrical and connected to the transition chamber 10 via a second electric butterfly valve 11. The inlet of the feed pipe 7 and the inlet of the nozzle 8 are horizontally coaxial, so that after the feed pipe 7 and the nozzle 8 are installed, the end port of the nozzle 8 extending into the single-output fluidizing chamber 201 is aligned with the inlet of the feed pipe 7. The first one-way valve 21 installed at the end of the nozzle 8 prevents material backflow. Figure 3 As shown, an exhaust port 30 is also provided at the upper end on the same side as the nozzle 8. When fluidizing gas is introduced, the gas will carry away a small part of the material and enter the solid-gas separation device through the exhaust port 30 to recover the lost material.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the nozzle 8 has a stepped structure, is axially positioned and installed using a shoulder, and its end is connected to the first one-way valve 21 with a threaded seal.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the feed pipe 7 includes a horizontal feed pipe 701 and an inclined feed pipe 702 installed at the pipe opening. The horizontal feed pipe 701 and the inclined feed pipe 702 are connected by a third electric disc valve 703. The nozzle 8 and the horizontal feed pipe 701 are coaxially arranged. Specifically, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal conveying pipe 701 has a stepped structure, is positioned and installed using a shoulder, and has a flange shape at the end. The horizontal conveying pipe 701, the third electric butterfly valve 703, and the inclined conveying pipe 702 are installed in a clamping manner and fastened together with bolts and nuts.

[0053] In another embodiment, the fluidizing chamber 2 is selected as a dual-output fluidizing chamber 202. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the dual-output fluidizing chamber 202 has two ports on its side wall. The nozzle 8 extends into the interior of the dual-output fluidizing chamber 202 and a three-way airflow diverter 22 is installed at the end port. The two outlets of the three-way airflow diverter 22 (i.e., output end a and output end b) are respectively aligned with the ports. A second check valve 26 is installed at each of the two outlets to prevent the fluidized material from flowing back.

[0054] As an example, the dual-output fluidizing chamber 202 is cylindrical, and its overall shape and dimensions are the same as those of the single-output fluidizing chamber 201, allowing it to be installed in the original equipment in conjunction with other components. Figure 7 As shown, the main difference of the dual-output fluidizing chamber 202 is that a three-way airflow diverter 22 is installed at the end of the nozzle 8, and two horizontal conveying pipes 701 can be installed on both sides of the chamber. The three-way airflow diverter 22 uses a T-type ball valve (not shown) inside, which can output jet gas to both ends simultaneously or only to one end, or it can be in a cut-off state, where no jet gas is output.

[0055] like Figure 8 The diagram shown is a disassembled view of the three-way airflow converter 22. In this embodiment, as... Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the rotation of the T-type ball valve inside the three-way reversing valve body 221 is controlled by the three-way valve actuator motor 25, thereby controlling the number of ends of the nozzle 8 that eject the aerodynamic gas, i.e., one end or both ends. Because the internal environment of the dual-output fluidizing chamber 202 is harsh, this embodiment utilizes a drive shaft 24 with a bevel gear 23 at one end to move the three-way valve actuator motor 25 outside the dual-output fluidizing chamber 202. The bevel gear 23 and another bevel gear 39 drive the rotation of the T-type ball valve, thereby switching between different output modes. This installation method effectively reduces maintenance costs and time, and improves the reliability and service life of the equipment. Figure 8 As shown, the drive shaft 24 is equipped with a bearing 36 and a sealed bearing cover 37 at one end near the bevel gear 23, and is sealed by the commutator top cover 38.

[0056] In addition, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper end of the side wall of the fluidization chamber 2 is also equipped with a third upper limit level sensor 28 and a second air pressure sensor 27, and the lower end is equipped with a third lower limit level sensor 29.

[0057] As an example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the upper part of the metering chamber 3 is cylindrical and the lower part is conical. The inlet of the metering chamber 3 is connected to the fluidizing chamber 2 through the conveying pipe 7 and is placed on the second support 9.

[0058] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the surface of the metering chamber 3 is equipped with a ventilation filter 31 and multiple pressure sensors 32, and a feeder 33 is also installed at the bottom of the metering chamber. In one embodiment, the side wall of the metering chamber 3 has four protruding support blocks for mounting four pressure sensors 32. The pressure sensors 32 are positioned symmetrically in pairs, forming a 90-degree angle with each other, and are mainly used for material weighing. Of course, the number of pressure sensors 32 can be selected according to actual conditions and is not limited here. The ventilation filter 31 installed at the top of the metering chamber 3 is used to maintain normal air pressure inside the chamber. The screw feeder 33 installed at the bottom is responsible for transporting the material to the electrolysis furnace.

[0059] It should also be noted that the jetting gas, pressurized gas, and fluidizing gas mentioned in this invention can all be air.

[0060] The present invention introduces fluidizing gas into the fluidizing chamber through the air distribution device to improve the fluidity of the material during the conveying process. With the assistance of the jetting gas injected by the nozzle, the material conveying efficiency is improved while effectively preventing material bridging and agglomeration.

[0061] The specific working process of the fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle provided by the present invention is as follows (taking the device including the transition chamber 10 as an example):

[0062] 1. First, such as Figure 1 The device shown supplies material to the hopper via pneumatic conveying. The material enters the hopper 1 through the feed inlet 13. The first ventilation filter 14 is mainly responsible for connecting to the atmosphere and filtering the gas to maintain a normal atmospheric pressure value inside the hopper. Each electric butterfly valve is initially closed. The first upper limit level sensor 15 and the first lower limit level sensor 16 monitor the material level in the hopper 1. When the hopper 1 is full, the feed pipe valve closes, and feeding stops at the hopper 1 feed inlet. At this time, the first electric butterfly valve 6 opens, and material begins to enter the transition chamber 10 from the hopper 1. When the material triggers the second upper limit level sensor 18 of the transition chamber 10, the first electric butterfly valve 6 closes, and material stops entering the transition chamber 10 from the hopper 1.

[0063] 2. Then, as Figure 5 As shown, pressurized gas is introduced into the pressurized gas pipe 12 in the transition chamber 10 to pressurize the transition chamber 10. When the first pressure sensor 17 detects that the pressure value is greater than the pressure of the single-output fluidized bed 201 (the pressure difference between the two chambers and the combined effect of the gas allow the material to enter the single-output fluidized bed 201 more efficiently and continuously), the second electric butterfly valve 11 is allowed to open, and the material begins to enter the single-output fluidized bed 201 from the transition chamber 10. When the material triggers the third upper limit level sensor 28, the second electric butterfly valve 11 closes, the pressurized gas stops being input, and the material stops entering the single-output fluidized bed 201 from the transition chamber 10.

[0064] 3. Next, as Figure 6As shown, fluidizing gas is initially introduced into the single-output fluidizing chamber 201. The gas enters the single-output fluidizing chamber 201 via the air distribution device 4, fluidizing the material to form a fixed fluidized bed. At this time, the gas pressure inside the single-output fluidizing chamber 201 is approximately 101.318-101.512 kPa. After fluidization is completed, jet gas is introduced into the nozzle 8. The jet gas is output through the first one-way valve 21. The first one-way valve 21 prevents the material from flowing back into the nozzle 8 when the material has achieved a fluidized state and the jet gas has not been introduced. Then, the third electric butterfly valve 703 at the end of the horizontal conveying pipe 701 is opened to begin conveying the material to the metering chamber 3. Four pressure sensors 32 transmit measurement data to the weighing system. After signal processing such as filtering, the system can obtain a relatively accurate dynamic weighing value and weigh the material in the metering chamber 3 in real time. When the weighing value reaches the set value (or when the material triggers the fourth upper limit level sensor 34 in the metering chamber 3, the valve of the nozzle 8 and the third electric butterfly valve 703 of the conveying pipe 7 close, and a material over-limit warning is issued, pausing the next step of the work), the valve of the nozzle 8 and the third electric butterfly valve 703 of the conveying pipe 7 close, and the screw feeder 33 starts to work, transporting the material to the designated place.

[0065] If the fluidizing chamber 2 is a dual-output fluidizing chamber 202, such as Figure 7 As shown, the dual-output fluidized bed 202 can supply materials to two metering chambers. The working process is generally the same as that of the single-output fluidized bed, except that the equipment can supply materials to two metering chambers 3 simultaneously. Because the reaction efficiency of each reactor is inconsistent, the feeding time and material consumption are also inconsistent. Therefore, there may be a situation where one metering chamber 3 needs to be supplied while the other does not. In this case, the motor 25 can be activated via a three-way valve to switch the jet gas output mode, outputting jet gas to output end a or output end b separately. When finished, it returns to the cut-off mode, and jet gas cannot be output from ends a or b.

[0066] When the third lower limit level sensor 29 in the fluidization chamber detects that the material is at a low level, the pressure relief filter 20 opens (normally closed). When the pressure value in the transition chamber 10 returns to the normal external atmospheric pressure, the process of step 2 above is repeated. After the material is replenished, the pressure relief filter 20 closes. When the fourth lower limit level sensor 35 in the metering chamber 3 detects that the material is at a low level, the process of step 3 above is repeated. When the first lower limit level sensor 16 in the hopper 1 detects that the material is at a low level, the feed pipe valve opens to replenish the material.

[0067] To demonstrate that the design of the nozzle 8 significantly improves the feeding efficiency, and to illustrate the influence of the inner diameter parameter of the conveying pipe 7 on the feeding efficiency, the following three experiments were conducted: (i) the influence of the jetting air velocity on the feeding efficiency; (ii) the influence of the inner diameter d of the conveying pipe 7 on the feeding efficiency; and (iii) the influence of the horizontal distance L between the nozzle 8 and the inlet of the conveying pipe 7 on the feeding efficiency.

[0068] Basic experimental conditions: Use a single-output fluidized bed 201 (refer to...) Figure 6 The fluidization chamber has an inner diameter of 170mm, the nozzle 8 has an inner diameter of 20mm, the conveying pipe 7 has an inner diameter of d=20mm, the fixed fluidizing gas velocity is 0.04m / s, the air distribution plate has an aperture of 1mm, the opening rate is 2.4%, the average particle size of the material is about 0.11mm, and the horizontal distance between the nozzle and the conveying port is L=85mm.

[0069] (I) The effect of jetting air velocity on feeding efficiency.

[0070] like Figure 9 As shown, the left figure (a) illustrates the effect of fluidizing gas alone on the feeding efficiency, while the right figure (b) shows the effect of the combined action of fluidizing gas and jet gas on the feeding efficiency. When only fluidizing gas is introduced into the fluidizing chamber, without jet gas, the feeding efficiency is 26.8 g / s at a fluidizing gas velocity of 0.04 m / s. When fluidizing gas and jet gas act together, with a fixed fluidizing gas velocity of 0.04 m / s, the feeding efficiency is 40.6 g / s when the jet gas velocity is 2 m / s. The feeding efficiency under the combined action of fluidizing gas and jet gas is 51.49% higher than that when only fluidizing gas is introduced. As can be seen from the right figure (b), the feeding efficiency increases with increasing jet gas velocity. However, increasing the jet gas velocity leads to a gradual decrease in the solid-to-gas ratio, increasing gas consumption and thus energy consumption. Therefore, a suitable solid-to-gas ratio should be selected based on actual conditions, and the jet gas velocity should be appropriately increased to reduce gas consumption.

[0071] (II) The effect of the inner diameter d of the conveying pipe on the feeding efficiency.

[0072] like Figure 10 As shown, experiments were conducted using feed pipes with different inner diameters: 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, and 26mm, with other basic experimental conditions remaining unchanged. As illustrated, under the same jetting gas velocity, a larger feed pipe inner diameter results in greater feeding efficiency. This is because, at a fixed jetting gas velocity, increasing the pipe diameter leads to a decrease in the material flow velocity within the pipe, increasing the material mass flow rate (with a constant gas flow rate per unit time, the material mass flow rate increases), and thus increasing the solid-to-gas ratio (the ratio of the solid mass flow rate to the mass flow rate or volumetric flow rate of the conveyed gas). This reduces gas consumption, and the feed pipe inner diameter can be appropriately increased according to actual conditions.

[0073] (III) The effect of the horizontal distance L between the nozzle and the feed pipe on the feeding efficiency.

[0074] like Figure 11 As shown, the horizontal distances between the nozzle and the feed pipe were adjusted to L = 60mm, L = 85mm, L = 110mm, and L = 135mm, while other basic experimental conditions remained unchanged. Figure 11 It can be seen that the feeding efficiency is highest when L = 85 mm. When L = 60 mm and the jet gas velocity is greater than 4.5 m / s, the improvement in feeding efficiency is limited. This is because when L is smaller than the fluidizing chamber radius, the effective range of the jet gas on the surrounding material begins to decrease, the improvement in material output efficiency slows down, and the feeding efficiency is lower than when L = 110 mm.

[0075] The experiments above show that fluidized bed technology can solve the problem of poor material flowability caused by material agglomeration and bridging in the fluidized bed, and this technology effectively improves material flowability.

[0076] The feeding efficiency under the combined action of fluidizing gas and jetting gas is higher than that when only fluidizing gas is introduced. Preferably, the gas velocity of the jetting gas injected through the nozzle is between 2 m / s and 5 m / s, for example, it can be 2 m / s, 2.5 m / s, 3 m / s, 3.5 m / s, 4 m / s, 4.5 m / s, 5 m / s, etc. Increasing the inner diameter of the conveying pipe can improve the feeding efficiency and increase the solid-gas ratio. The inner diameter of the conveying pipe can be appropriately increased according to the actual situation. Preferably, the inner diameter of the pipe opening is between 20 mm and 26 mm, for example, it can be 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, etc.

[0077] The feeding efficiency is better when the horizontal distance L between the nozzle and the feed pipe is between 65mm and 90mm, and the feeding efficiency is highest when L = 85mm.

[0078] In summary, this invention provides a fluidized bed feeding device with a nozzle. This device utilizes a transition chamber structure to temporarily store materials and uses pressurized air to pressurize the transition chamber, creating a pressure difference between the transition chamber and the fluidized bed section. This allows materials to enter the fluidized bed more quickly and efficiently, achieving continuous and stable material replenishment and improving machine efficiency. By adopting fluidized bed technology and adding a nozzle structure within the fluidized bed, this novel feeding method solves the problems of material agglomeration and bridging, and significantly improves material transport efficiency. Furthermore, the dual-output fluidized bed can supply materials to two metering chambers, and the three-way airflow reversing design allows the actuator motor to be moved outside the chamber, improving equipment reliability and maintainability. The two fluidized bed designs are interchangeable, eliminating the need to redesign other upstream and downstream chamber sections. Most components are universal, reducing design and manufacturing costs. For example, both fluidized bed designs can be matched and installed with the second electric butterfly valve and air distribution device in the original equipment; horizontal conveying pipes and sensors are common accessories.

[0079] Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0080] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed feeding device with a nozzle, characterized in that, The device includes at least: The hopper is supported and fixed by the first bracket; A fluidizing chamber is fixedly connected to the hopper via a first electric butterfly valve. A conveying pipe and a spray pipe are provided on the side wall of the fluidizing chamber. The end port of the spray pipe extending into the interior of the fluidizing chamber is aligned with the opening of the conveying pipe. The fluidizing chamber is a dual-output type fluidizing chamber. Two openings are provided on the side wall of the dual-output type fluidizing chamber. A three-way airflow diverter is installed at the end port of the spray pipe extending into the interior of the dual-output type fluidizing chamber. The two outlets of the three-way airflow diverter are respectively aligned with the openings. A second check valve is installed at each of the two outlets. The velocity of the jetting gas injected through the nozzle is between 2 m / s and 5 m / s; the inner diameter of the feed pipe is between 20 mm and 26 mm; the horizontal distance between the end port of the nozzle extending into the fluidization chamber and the opening of the feed pipe is between 65 mm and 90 mm; the material used by the feeding equipment is rare earth oxide powder with an average particle size of 0.11 mm. The three-way airflow diverter includes a three-way diverter valve body and a T-type ball valve disposed within the three-way diverter valve body. The T-type ball valve is connected to a three-way valve actuator motor outside the fluidization chamber via a drive shaft with a bevel gear at one end. The three-way valve actuator motor controls the rotation of the T-type ball valve, thereby realizing the switching of output modes such as single-end output, simultaneous output at both ends, or cut-off. The metering chamber is supported and fixed by the second bracket and connected to the fluidization chamber through the conveying pipe; the surface of the metering chamber is equipped with a ventilation filter and multiple pressure sensors, which are arranged symmetrically in pairs at a 90-degree angle to each other; a feeder is also installed at the bottom of the metering chamber. A gas distribution device is installed at the bottom of the fluidization chamber to introduce fluidizing gas into the fluidization chamber, thereby suspending the material and forming a fluidized bed.

2. The fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment also includes a transition chamber installed between the hopper and the fluidizing chamber. The transition chamber is fixedly connected to the hopper via the first electric butterfly valve and to the fluidizing chamber via the second electric butterfly valve. A pressurized air pipe communicating with the interior of the transition chamber is installed on the side wall of the transition chamber.

3. The fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The top of the hopper is equipped with a feed inlet and a first ventilation filter, and the side wall of the hopper is equipped with a first upper limit level sensor and a first lower limit level sensor.

4. The fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sidewall of the transition chamber is also equipped with a first air pressure sensor, a second upper limit material level sensor, a second lower limit material level sensor, and a pressure relief filter.

5. The fluidized bed feeding device with nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluidization chamber sidewall is also equipped with a second air pressure sensor, a third upper limit material level sensor, a third lower limit material level sensor, and an exhaust port; the conveying pipe includes a horizontal conveying pipe and an inclined conveying pipe installed at the pipe opening, the horizontal conveying pipe and the inclined conveying pipe are connected by a third electric disc valve, and the nozzle and the horizontal conveying pipe are coaxially arranged.

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