Pre-assembled raft foundation and construction method using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses a pre-assembled raft foundation. The pre-assembled raft foundation comprises a foundation bottom reinforcement, foundation column reinforcement, foundation top reinforcement, and foundation steel reinforcement. The foundation bottom reinforcement includes a bottom section and a first vertical section connected to the bottom section. The foundation column reinforcement is located on the bottom section. The foundation top reinforcement is located on the foundation bottom reinforcement. The foundation steel reinforcement is located beside the foundation column reinforcement. The aforementioned foundation bottom reinforcement, foundation column reinforcement, foundation top reinforcement, and foundation steel reinforcement are assembled to form the pre-assembled raft foundation. This invention also discloses a construction method using this pre-assembled raft foundation. The advantage of this invention is that the foundation bottom reinforcement, foundation column reinforcement, foundation top reinforcement, and foundation steel reinforcement are pre-assembled in a factory and then transported to the construction site for assembly, eliminating the need for on-site workers to start by binding or welding the steel reinforcement, thereby shortening construction time and reducing the number of workers on site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a raft foundation, and more particularly to a pre-assembled raft foundation and a construction method using the pre-assembled raft foundation. Background Technology

[0002] In general, during construction, the required steel bars are transported to the site and stacked. Workers then tie the steel bars into shape before installing formwork and grouting. According to current construction practices, everything from tying the steel bars to removing the formwork is done manually. Therefore, the construction of each building requires a huge amount of manpower and is highly dependent on manual labor. This can lead to slow construction. In addition, the large amount of unused steel bars piled up on the site can also pose a risk of theft. Furthermore, during the grouting process, if a structure requires secondary grouting, cold joints can easily form if the construction is not careful, which can damage the concrete structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a pre-assembled raft foundation and a construction method using the pre-assembled raft foundation, which can save construction manpower and time.

[0004] Technical solution: modular raft foundation, including bottom reinforcement of the foundation base, column reinforcement of the foundation, top reinforcement of the foundation base, and foundation steel reinforcement;

[0005] The foundation bottom reinforcement includes a bottom section and a first vertical section connected to the bottom section, and the bottom section and the first vertical section are composed of multiple U-shaped steel bars and steel bars set on the U-shaped steel bars;

[0006] The foundation column reinforcement is set on the bottom section, and the foundation column reinforcement includes a column body and a vertical pivot section set at the top of the column body;

[0007] The foundation bottom upper layer reinforcement is set on the foundation bottom layer reinforcement. The foundation bottom upper layer reinforcement includes a top section and a second vertical section connected to the top section. The top section and the second vertical section are composed of multiple U-shaped steel bars / right-angle steel bars and steel bars set on the U-shaped steel bars / right-angle steel bars.

[0008] The foundation reinforcement is set beside the foundation column reinforcement and includes multiple beams and columns, transverse pivot sections set at both ends of the beams and columns, and a metal mesh structure. The multiple beams and columns are bound by ring-shaped steel bars and fixed by metal mesh structures above and below.

[0009] The foundation base is formed by assembling the bottom layer reinforcement, the foundation column reinforcement, the top layer reinforcement, and the foundation steel bars.

[0010] Furthermore, a template is set on the outside of the frame of the basic valve base, which is a detachable template or a template that does not need to be removed.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical pivot section and the transverse pivot section are provided with a first pivot element for connecting the beam and column. The first pivot element has a through hole and an internal thread is provided in the through hole. The two ends of the pivot are respectively connected to the transverse pivot section and the beam and column, and the pivot is provided with internal guide teeth at both ends of the internal thread.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical pivot section and the transverse pivot section are provided with a second pivot element for connecting beams and columns. The second pivot element is a frame, and the frame is provided with a plurality of positioning holes for the transverse pivot section and beams and columns to be inserted, as well as a receiving space communicating with the positioning holes. The second pivot element sets the fixing member on the transverse pivot section and beams and columns from the receiving space, so that the transverse pivot section and beams and columns are fixed on the frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the vertical pivot section and the transverse pivot section are provided with a third pivot element for continuing the beam and column. The third pivot element is a welding backing made of carbon-based material. The welding backing can withstand high temperatures of over 1500°C, and the appearance of the welding backing is arc-shaped, flat, or a grooved flat plate.

[0014] The construction method for prefabricated raft foundations involves the following steps:

[0015] A. Pre-assembly steps: The foundation bottom reinforcement, foundation column reinforcement, foundation top reinforcement, and foundation steel reinforcement are pre-assembled in the factory. The foundation bottom reinforcement includes a bottom section and a first vertical section connected to the bottom section. The foundation column reinforcement includes a column body and a vertical pivot section set at the top of the column body. The foundation top reinforcement includes a top section with a hollow block and a second vertical section connected to the top section. The foundation steel reinforcement includes beams and columns, transverse pivot sections set at both ends of the beams and columns, and a metal mesh structure set above and below the beams and columns.

[0016] B. Assembly steps: The pre-assembled foundation bottom reinforcement, foundation column reinforcement, foundation top reinforcement, and foundation steel reinforcement are transported to the construction site. First, the foundation bottom reinforcement is positioned, then the foundation column reinforcement is placed on top of the foundation bottom reinforcement, then the foundation top reinforcement is placed on top of the foundation bottom reinforcement, and the foundation column reinforcement is made to pass through the hollow block of the foundation top reinforcement. Finally, the foundation steel reinforcement is passed through the side of the foundation column reinforcement.

[0017] C. Pivot connection step: Install the pivot connection element on the transverse pivot connection section of the foundation reinforcement, and use the pivot connection element to connect the transverse pivot connection sections of the foundation reinforcement to form the foundation valve base. Finally, set the template outside the frame of the foundation valve base.

[0018] D. Grouting steps: After pouring concrete into the bottom layer of the foundation reinforcement, the foundation column reinforcement, the top layer of the foundation reinforcement, and the foundation steel bars, the raft foundation construction is completed after the concrete hardens.

[0019] Furthermore, a template is set on the outside of the frame of the basic valve base, which is a detachable template or a template that does not need to be removed.

[0020] Furthermore, the vertical pivot section and the transverse pivot section are provided with a first pivot element for connecting the beam and column. The first pivot element has a through hole and an internal thread is provided in the through hole. The two ends of the pivot are respectively connected to the transverse pivot section and the beam and column, and the pivot is provided with internal guide teeth at both ends of the internal thread.

[0021] Furthermore, the vertical pivot section and the transverse pivot section are provided with a second pivot element for connecting beams and columns. The second pivot element is a frame, and the frame is provided with a plurality of positioning holes for the transverse pivot section and beams and columns to be inserted, as well as a receiving space communicating with the positioning holes. The second pivot element sets the fixing member on the transverse pivot section and beams and columns from the receiving space, so that the transverse pivot section and beams and columns are fixed on the frame.

[0022] Furthermore, the vertical pivot section and the transverse pivot section are provided with a third pivot element for continuing the beam and column. The third pivot element is a welding backing made of carbon-based material. The welding backing can withstand high temperatures of over 1500°C, and the appearance of the welding backing is arc-shaped, flat, or a grooved flat plate.

[0023] In summary, the advantages of the pre-assembled raft foundation and the construction method using the pre-assembled raft foundation of the present invention are as follows: the bottom reinforcement of the foundation base, the column reinforcement, the top reinforcement of the foundation base, and the foundation steel bars are pre-assembled in the factory, so that construction workers do not have to start from tying the steel bars, thereby greatly reducing the construction time and also reducing the number of workers required on the construction site. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the prefabricated raft foundation of the present invention (I);

[0025] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the prefabricated raft foundation of the present invention (II);

[0026] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the bottom reinforcement of the foundation of this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the foundation column reinforcement of this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the upper layer reinforcement of the foundation of this invention;

[0029] Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the foundation reinforcement of this invention (I);

[0030] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the foundation reinforcement of this invention (II);

[0031] Figure 8 : A schematic diagram of the construction process of the prefabricated raft foundation of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 : A schematic diagram of the implementation process of this invention;

[0033] Figure 10 : Schematic diagram of the first pivot element of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 : Schematic diagram of the first pivot element of the present invention (I);

[0035] Figure 12 : Schematic diagram of the first pivot element of the present invention (II);

[0036] Figure 13 : Schematic diagram of the second pivot element of the present invention (I);

[0037] Figure 14 : Schematic diagram of the second pivot element of the present invention (II);

[0038] Figure 15 : Schematic diagram of the second pivot element of the present invention (I);

[0039] Figure 16 : Schematic diagram of the second pivot element of the present invention (II);

[0040] Figure 17 : Schematic diagram of the second pivot element of the present invention (III);

[0041] Figure 18 : A schematic diagram of the third pivot element of the present invention (I);

[0042] Figure 19 : Schematic diagram of the third pivot element of the present invention (II);

[0043] Figure 20 : Schematic diagram of the third pivot element of the present invention (III);

[0044] Figure 21 : Schematic diagram of the third pivot element of the present invention (IV);

[0045] Figure 22 : A schematic diagram of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention (I);

[0046] Figure 23 : Schematic diagram of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention (II);

[0047] Figure 24 : A schematic diagram (III) of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 25 : A schematic diagram of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention (IV);

[0049] Figure 26 : A schematic diagram of the assembly of the second pivot element of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 27 : A schematic diagram of the assembly of the third pivot element of the present invention (I);

[0051] Figure 28 : Schematic diagram of the assembly of the third pivot element of the present invention (II);

[0052] Figure 29 : A schematic diagram of the assembly of the third pivot element of the present invention (III);

[0053] Figure 30 : A partial enlarged view of the third pivot element of the present invention.

[0054] in:

[0055] 1-Prefabricated raft foundation

[0056] 11-Basic foundation bottom layer reinforcement

[0057] 111-Bottom Section

[0058] 112-First Vertical Section

[0059] 12-Foundation column reinforcement

[0060] 121-Column

[0061] 122-Vertical pivot section

[0062] 13-Top layer reinforcement of the foundation

[0063] 131-Top Section

[0064] 1311-Hollow Block

[0065] 132-Second upright section

[0066] 2-Foundation reinforcement

[0067] 21-Beams and Columns

[0068] 22A-Transverse pivot section

[0069] 22B-Transverse pivot section

[0070] 23-Metal Mesh Structure

[0071] 3- Construction method using prefabricated raft foundation

[0072] 31-Pre-assembly steps

[0073] 32-Assembly Steps

[0074] 33-Pivot Connection Steps

[0075] 34-Grouting Steps

[0076] Steps 41, 42, and 43

[0077] 5-Pivotal Components

[0078] 5A - First pivot element

[0079] 51-Through Hole

[0080] 511-Internal thread

[0081] 512-Internal guide wire

[0082] 5B - Second pivot element

[0083] 52-Frame

[0084] 521-Positioning Hole

[0085] 522 - Storage Space

[0086] 523-Reinforcing Components

[0087] 5C - Third pivot element

[0088] 53-Welding backing

[0089] 531-Groove

[0090] 6-Fixing Components

[0091] 7-Gasket Detailed implementation method:

[0092] In order to provide a more detailed understanding of the purpose, effects, features and structure of the present invention, the following description is made with reference to preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0093] Please refer to the following at the same time. Figure 1 , 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram (I) of the prefabricated raft foundation of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the prefabricated raft foundation of the present invention.

[0094] The prefabricated raft foundation 1 includes the bottom layer reinforcement 11 of the foundation base, the column reinforcement 12 of the foundation, the top layer reinforcement 13 of the foundation base, and the foundation reinforcement 2.

[0095] Please see below. Figure 3 Comparison Figure 1 , 2 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom reinforcement of the foundation of the present invention.

[0096] The foundation bottom reinforcement 11 includes a bottom section 111 and a first vertical section 112 connected to the bottom section 111. The bottom section 111 and the first vertical section 112 are composed of multiple U-shaped steel bars and steel bars set on the U-shaped steel bars.

[0097] Please see below. Figure 4 Comparison Figure 1 , 2 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the basic column reinforcement of the present invention.

[0098] The foundation column reinforcement 12 is provided in the bottom section 111 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the foundation column reinforcement 12 includes a column body 121 and a vertical pivot section 122 disposed at the top of the column body 121.

[0099] Please see below. Figure 5 Comparison Figure 1 , 2 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper layer reinforcement of the foundation of the present invention.

[0100] The upper layer of the foundation reinforcement is set at the bottom layer of the foundation reinforcement 11 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown, the foundation's upper reinforcement 13 includes a top section 131 and a second vertical section 132 connected to the top section 131. The top section 131 and the second vertical section 132 are composed of multiple U-shaped reinforcing bars and steel strips placed on the U-shaped bars. The top section 131 has a hollow section 1311 into which the foundation column reinforcement 12 can be inserted. After installation, the reinforcement bars are used to connect them, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0101] Please see below. Figure 6 , 7 Comparison Figure 1 , 2 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the foundation reinforcement of the present invention (I) ( Figure 6 The pivot element 5 shown is only one example; of course, multiple pivot elements 5 can be used for connection. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the basic reinforcing steel bars of the present invention.

[0102] The foundation reinforcement 2 is located beside the foundation column reinforcement 12 and includes multiple beams and columns 21, transverse pivot sections 22A located at both ends of the beams and columns 21, and a metal mesh structure 23. The multiple beams and columns 21 are bound by ring-shaped steel bars and fixed by the metal mesh structure 23 above and below.

[0103] The transverse pivot segment 22A can be screw-shaped, or the transverse pivot segment 22B can be cylindrical or other shapes. Different shapes are used in different construction methods or for different pivot elements 5 to join. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pivot element 5 can be the first pivot element 5A (e.g., Figure 10 (as shown), or the second pivot element 5B ( Figure 13 (as shown) or the third pivot element 5C ( Figure 18 (As shown) to be joined and fixed.

[0104] The aforementioned foundation bottom layer reinforcement 11 (such as Figure 3 As shown), foundation column reinforcement 12 (as shown) Figure 4 As shown), the upper layer reinforcement of the foundation (e.g.) 13 (as shown) Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the prefabricated raft foundation 1 is formed by assembling the foundation steel bars 2 and the foundation steel bars 2.

[0105] Please see below. Figure 8 and paired Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the prefabricated raft foundation of the present invention.

[0106] Construction method 3 using prefabricated raft foundations involves the following steps:

[0107] A. Pre-assembly step 31: In the factory, according to the dimensions required by the construction site, the steel bars are pre-tied or welded into the structure of the foundation bottom layer reinforcement 11, foundation column reinforcement 12, foundation top layer reinforcement 13, and foundation reinforcement 2. The foundation bottom layer reinforcement 11 includes a bottom section 111 and a first vertical section 112 connected to the bottom section 111. The foundation column reinforcement 12 includes a column body 121 and a vertical pivot section 122 set at the top of the column body 121. The foundation top layer reinforcement 13 includes a top section 131 with a hollow block 1311 and a second vertical section 132 connected to the top section 131. The foundation reinforcement 2 includes a beam-column 21, a transverse pivot section 22A set at both ends of the beam-column 21, and a metal mesh structure 23 set above and below the beam-column 21.

[0108] B. Assembly Step 32: Transport the pre-assembled foundation bottom reinforcement 11, foundation column reinforcement 12, foundation top reinforcement 13, and foundation steel reinforcement 2 from the factory to the construction site. Then, first position the foundation bottom reinforcement 11, then place the foundation column reinforcement 12 on the foundation bottom reinforcement 11, then place the foundation top reinforcement 13 on top of the foundation bottom reinforcement 11 and make the foundation column reinforcement 12 pass through the hollow block 1311 of the foundation top reinforcement 13. Finally, pass the foundation steel reinforcement 2 through the side of the foundation column reinforcement 12.

[0109] C. Pivot connection step 33: Install the pivot connection element 5 on the transverse pivot connection section 22A of the foundation steel bar 2, and use the pivot connection element 5 to connect the transverse pivot connection sections 22A of the two foundation steel bars 2 that are in contact with each other to form a pre-assembled raft foundation 1. Finally, set the template (not shown) on the outside of the frame of the pre-assembled raft foundation 1.

[0110] D. Grouting Step 34: After pouring concrete into the bottom layer reinforcement 11 of the foundation base, the column reinforcement 12 of the foundation base, the top layer reinforcement 13 of the foundation base, and the foundation reinforcement 2, the construction of the raft foundation is completed after the concrete hardens.

[0111] Furthermore, the templates used in this invention (not shown) can be common detachable templates such as wooden templates or steel templates (not shown), or non-detachable templates (not shown) can be used to replace common detachable templates (not shown).

[0112] The embodiments of the present invention and the related accompanying drawings are described in detail below:

[0113] Please also refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of the present invention.

[0114] As shown in step 41, the foundation bottom reinforcement 11, foundation column reinforcement 12, foundation top reinforcement 13, and foundation steel reinforcement 2 of the present invention are manufactured in the factory according to the specifications and dimensions provided by the construction site. Multiple U-shaped steel bars, steel bars, stirrups, and bars are first bound or welded together to form the foundation bottom reinforcement 11, foundation column reinforcement 12, foundation top reinforcement 13, and foundation steel reinforcement 2.

[0115] As shown in step 42, once the bottom reinforcement 11, foundation column reinforcement 12, top reinforcement 13, and foundation steel reinforcement 2 of the foundation are fabricated, they can be directly transported to the construction site for assembly. Upon arrival at the construction site, the workers only need to first position the bottom reinforcement 11, then place the foundation column reinforcement 12 on top of the bottom reinforcement 11, then cover the bottom reinforcement 13 with the top reinforcement 12, and let the top of the foundation column reinforcement 12 pass through the hollow block 1311. Finally, let the foundation steel reinforcement 2 pass through the side of the foundation column reinforcement 12, and repeat the assembly steps to ensure that the transverse pivot section 22A of the foundation steel reinforcement 2 connected to the foundation column reinforcement 12 can be connected to each other, and fill the hollow block 1311 with steel bars to complete the assembly.

[0116] As shown in step 43, after the assembly is completed, the on-site workers can take out the pivot component 5 and install it on the transverse pivot section 22A, so that the transverse pivot sections 22A of the foundation steel bar 2 are all connected to each other to form a foundation raft foundation. Then, the external structure of the foundation raft foundation is installed with templates (not shown in the figure). Finally, concrete is poured in and the invention is completed after the concrete has solidified.

[0117] Furthermore, the pivot element 5 used in this invention can be selected from any one of the following three states, the first state being the first pivot element 5A (e.g., Figure 10 As shown), the second state sample is the second pivot element 5B (as shown). Figure 13 As shown), the third state sample is the third pivot element 5C (as shown). Figure 18 As shown below, the states of the aforementioned pivot element 5 will be described in detail below:

[0118] 1. The pivot element 5 of the first state is the first pivot element 5A:

[0119] Please see Figure 10 and paired Figure 6 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram (a) of the first pivot element of the present invention.

[0120] The first pivot element 5A has a through hole 51 and an internal thread 511 inside the through hole 51. The two ends of the pivot are engaged with the transverse pivot section 22A, so that the two foundation steel bars 2 can be engaged with each other. The pivot has internal guide teeth 512 at both ends of the internal thread 511. The design of the internal guide teeth 512 makes it easier for the transverse pivot section 22A to be inserted into the through hole 51.

[0121] Please see below. Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram (a) of the first pivot element of the present invention.

[0122] First, the first pivot element 5A is used to connect the transverse pivot sections 22A of the two foundation steel bars 2 to each other. Then, the fixing element 6 is installed on the transverse pivot section 22A. Next, the first pivot element 5A is installed on one of the transverse pivot sections 22A. Then, the other transverse pivot section 22A is joined with the first pivot element 5A, and the first pivot element 5A is rotated so that the two transverse pivot sections 22A are gradually joined with the first pivot element 5A. Finally, the fixing element 6 is locked to eliminate the gap between the two transverse pivot sections 22A and the first pivot element 5A.

[0123] Please see below. Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the first pivot element of the present invention.

[0124] In the use of the first pivot element 5A, fixing elements 6 can also be pre-installed on the transverse pivot sections 22A where the two foundation steel bars 2 are joined together. Then, the first pivot element 5A is installed on one of the transverse pivot sections 22A. The subsequent transverse pivot section 22A is aligned with the first pivot element 5A, and the first pivot element 5A is rotated so that the transverse pivot section 22A gradually engages with the first pivot element 5A. Finally, the fixing elements 6 at both ends of the first pivot element 5A are locked to eliminate the gaps between the transverse pivot section 22A, the first pivot element 5A, and the beam and column 21.

[0125] 2. The pivot element 5 of the second state is the second pivot element 5B:

[0126] Please see Figure 13 and paired Figure 6 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram (a) of the second pivot element of the present invention.

[0127] The second pivot element 5B is a frame 52, and the frame 52 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 521 for inserting the transverse pivot section 22A and a receiving space 522 communicating with the positioning holes 521. The second pivot element sets the fixing member on the transverse pivot section 22A from the receiving space 522, so that the transverse pivot section 22A is fixed on the frame 52.

[0128] Please see below. Figure 14 and paired Figure 6 , Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the second pivot element of the present invention.

[0129] To increase the overall strength of the second pivot element 5B, a reinforcing element 523 parallel to the positioning hole 521 can be added to the frame 52 to make the second pivot element 5B more robust.

[0130] Please also refer to Figure 15 , 16 17, Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram (a) illustrating an embodiment of the second pivot element of the present invention. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram (II) illustrating the second pivot element of the present invention. Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram (iii) illustrating the second pivot element of the present invention.

[0131] like Figure 15 , 16 As shown, when connecting the foundation column reinforcement 12 and the foundation reinforcement 2, the second pivot element 5B can be used to connect the foundation reinforcement 2 that passes through the foundation column reinforcement 12. Before using the second pivot element 5B, the fixing element 6 and the gasket 7 must be installed on the transverse pivot section 22A. Then, after aligning the positioning hole 521 of the second pivot element 5B with the transverse pivot section 22A, the second pivot element 5B is inserted into the transverse pivot section 22A. Then, the fixing element 6 and the gasket 7 are installed on the transverse pivot section 22A, and all the fixing elements 6 are locked.

[0132] like Figure 17 As shown, a second pivot element 5B with a reinforcing element 523 can be used to connect the two foundation steel bars 2 and the foundation column steel bars 12. The operation method is the same as described above. Before using the second pivot element 5B, the fixing element 6 and the gasket 7 must be installed on the transverse pivot section 22A. Then, the positioning hole 521 of the second pivot element 5B is aligned with the transverse pivot section 22A, and the second pivot element 5B is inserted into the transverse pivot section 22A. Then, the fixing element 6 and the gasket 7 are installed on the transverse pivot section 22A, and all the fixing elements 6 are locked.

[0133] 3. The pivot element 5 of the third state is the third pivot element 5C:

[0134] Please see Figures 18 to 21 and paired Figure 7 , Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram (a) of the third pivot element of the present invention. Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the third pivot element of the present invention. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram (iii) of the third pivot element of the present invention. Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram (four) of the third pivot element of the present invention.

[0135] The third pivot element 5C is a welding backing 53 made of carbon-based material. The welding backing 53 is installed on the back of the transverse pivot section 22B of the two foundation steel bars 2, and the transverse pivot sections 22B of the two foundation steel bars 2 are joined together by welding. The welding backing 53 can withstand high temperatures of over 1500°C, and the cross-section of the welding backing 53 is arc-shaped, flat, or a flat plate with grooves 531.

[0136] The three different types of pivot elements 5 described above are assembled in different ways. The assembly methods of the first pivot element 5A, the second pivot element 5B, and the third pivot element 5C are explained in detail below:

[0137] 1. Assembly method of the first pivot element 5A;

[0138] Please also refer to Figure 22 , 23 24, 25 Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram (a) of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention. Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention. Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram (iii) of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention. Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram (four) of the assembly of the first pivot element of the present invention.

[0139] like Figure 22 As shown, each of the first pivot elements 5A is set on the same plane on the transverse pivot section 22A, or the first pivot elements 5A are set alternately on different planes on the transverse pivot section 22A. The advantage of the alternate setting is that it can prevent the connection between the transverse pivot section 22A and the beam-column 21 from breaking simultaneously after being impacted.

[0140] Furthermore, when one foundation steel bar 2 extends parallel to the foundation column reinforcement 12, and based on this, another foundation steel bar 2 extends vertically into the foundation column reinforcement 12, if the beam-column 21 length of the foundation steel bar 2 is insufficient, the steel bar can be extended by connecting the first pivot element 5A, so that the two foundation steel bars 2 can be extended and inserted into the foundation column reinforcement 12, and the two foundation steel bars 2 can be connected to each other.

[0141] like Figure 23 , 24 As shown in Figure 25, the position of the joint of the first pivot element 5A can be set inside the foundation column reinforcement 12 and at an appropriate location on the side of the foundation column reinforcement 12; the beam-column 21 of the two foundation reinforcement bars 2 passes into the foundation column reinforcement 12, and the first pivot element 5A is used to connect and lock the transverse pivot section 22A inside the foundation column reinforcement 12 to form an internal column connection method (such as...). Figure 23 (as shown); the same joining and locking action can also be performed at an appropriate location beside the foundation column reinforcement 12, by transversely passing one foundation reinforcement 2 through the foundation column reinforcement 12, and its transverse pivot section 22A contacting the transverse pivot section 22A of another foundation reinforcement 2, and connecting them by means of the first pivot element 5A, forming an external column connection method (as shown). Figure 24 As shown), and the external column connection method can also be used to connect the columns on both sides of the foundation column reinforcement 12, forming a double-butt external column connection method (as shown). Figure 25 (As shown).

[0142] In addition, the fixed connection method of the first pivot element 5A will lock the two connected beams and columns 21, making their degrees of freedom zero, preventing them from rotating or moving, thus making the foundation more stable.

[0143] 2. Assembly method of the second pivot element 5B;

[0144] Please also refer to Figure 26 , Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the second pivot element of the present invention.

[0145] like Figure 26 As shown, the fixing element 6 and the gasket 7 are installed in the transverse pivot section 22A where the two foundation steel bars 2 are connected. The transverse pivot section 22A is aligned with the positioning hole 521 and then inserted. Then the fixing element 6 and the gasket 7 are installed on the other transverse pivot section 22A. Finally, all the fixing elements 6 are locked to complete the pivot connection of the second pivot element 5B.

[0146] In addition, the fixed connection method of the second pivot element 5B will lock the two connected beams and columns 21, making their degrees of freedom zero, preventing them from rotating or moving, thus making the foundation more stable.

[0147] 3. Assembly method of the third pivot element 5C;

[0148] Please also refer to Figure 27 , 28 29, 30 Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram (a) of the assembly of the third pivot element of the present invention. Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the assembly of the third pivot element of the present invention. Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram (iii) of the assembly of the third pivot element of the present invention. Figure 30 This is an enlarged view of a partial embodiment of the third pivot element of the present invention.

[0149] like Figure 27 , 28 As shown in Figures 29 and 30, a third pivot element 5C is used to connect two foundation steel bars 2 and foundation column steel bars 12. When in use, the third pivot element 5C is installed on the back of the transverse pivot section 22B of the two foundation steel bars 2 that are connected to the foundation column steel bars 12. Then, through welding, high-temperature solder is deposited on the third pivot element 5C and gradually fills the gap between the two transverse pivot sections 22B, and finally the transverse pivot sections 22B are joined together.

[0150] Finally, the location of the joint of the third pivot element 5C can be set inside the foundation column reinforcement 12 and at an appropriate location beside the foundation column reinforcement 12; the beam-column 21 of the two foundation reinforcement bars 2 passes into the foundation column reinforcement 12, and the transverse pivot section 22B is welded inside the foundation column reinforcement 12 by means of the third pivot element 5C to form the column-in-column connection method (e.g. Figure 27 (As shown); The same welding action can also be performed at an appropriate location beside the foundation column reinforcement 12, where one foundation reinforcement 2 is passed laterally through the foundation column reinforcement 12, and its lateral pivot section 22B contacts the lateral pivot section 22B of another foundation reinforcement 2, and is connected by a third pivot element 5C to form an external column connection method (as shown). Figure 28 As shown), the external column connection method can also be achieved by joining the two sides of the foundation column reinforcement 12 to form a double-butt external column connection method (as shown). Figure 29 As shown), the welding pattern of the aforementioned third pivot element 5C can be determined by... Figure 30 As shown.

[0151] In addition, the fixed connection method of the third pivot element 5C will lock the two connected beams and columns 21, making their degrees of freedom zero, preventing them from rotating or moving, thus making the foundation more stable.

[0152] Furthermore, the aforementioned three types of pivot connection methods will allow the construction workers to use different types of pivot connection elements 5 to connect the same foundation steel bars 2 during on-site construction. Moreover, the connection methods of the three types of pivot connection elements 5 will fix the beams and columns 21 that are connected in pairs, making them unable to rotate and increasing the stability of the foundation.

[0153] In summary, the advantages of the pre-assembled raft foundation and the construction method using the pre-assembled raft foundation of the present invention are that the bottom reinforcement 11 of the foundation base, the column reinforcement 12 of the foundation base, the top reinforcement 13 of the foundation base, and the foundation reinforcement 2 are pre-assembled in the factory, so that construction workers do not have to start from tying the reinforcement bars, thereby greatly reducing the construction time and also reducing the number of workers required on the construction site.

[0154] The above-described technical solutions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any other equivalent structural changes made in accordance with the present invention specification and claims should be included within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for prefabricated raft foundations, characterized in that, The prefabricated raft foundation consists of the bottom layer reinforcement of the foundation base, the column reinforcement of the foundation, the top layer reinforcement of the foundation base, and the foundation steel reinforcement. The foundation bottom reinforcement includes a bottom section and a first vertical section connected to the bottom section, and the first vertical section is composed of multiple U-shaped steel bars and steel bars set on the U-shaped steel bars; The foundation column reinforcement is set on the bottom section, and the foundation column reinforcement includes a column body and a vertical pivot section set at the top of the column body; The upper layer of the foundation bottom reinforcement is set on the bottom layer of the foundation bottom reinforcement. The upper layer of the foundation bottom reinforcement includes a top section and a second vertical section connected to the top section. The second vertical section is composed of multiple U-shaped steel bars / right-angle steel bars and steel bars set on the U-shaped steel bars / right-angle steel bars. The foundation reinforcement is set beside the foundation column reinforcement and includes multiple beams and columns, transverse pivot sections set at both ends of the beams and columns, and a metal mesh structure. The multiple beams and columns are bound by ring-shaped steel bars and fixed by metal mesh structures above and below. The aforementioned bottom reinforcement of the foundation base, the foundation column reinforcement, the top reinforcement of the foundation base, and the foundation steel reinforcement are assembled to form a prefabricated raft foundation. The construction method comprises the following steps; A. Pre-assembly steps: The bottom layer of the foundation base reinforcement, the foundation column reinforcement, the top layer of the foundation base reinforcement, and the foundation steel reinforcement are pre-assembled in the factory. B. Assembly steps: Transport the pre-assembled foundation bottom reinforcement, foundation column reinforcement, foundation top reinforcement, and foundation steel reinforcement to the construction site. First, place the foundation bottom reinforcement in position, then place the foundation column reinforcement on the foundation bottom reinforcement, then place the foundation top reinforcement on top of the foundation bottom reinforcement and make the foundation column reinforcement pass through the hollow block of the foundation top reinforcement. Finally, pass the foundation steel reinforcement through the side of the foundation column reinforcement. C. Pivot connection step: Install the pivot connection element on the transverse pivot connection section of the foundation reinforcement, and use the pivot connection element to connect the transverse pivot connection sections of the foundation reinforcement to form a pre-assembled raft foundation. Finally, set the formwork on the outside of the frame of the pre-assembled raft foundation. D. Grouting Steps: After pouring concrete into the bottom layer of the foundation reinforcement, the foundation column reinforcement, the top layer of the foundation reinforcement, and the foundation steel bars, the raft foundation construction is completed once the concrete has hardened. In this pivoting step, the template used is a detachable template or a template that does not need to be removed; The pivoting element used in this pivoting step is a first pivoting element, which has a through hole and an internal thread within the through hole. Both ends of the first pivoting element engage with the transverse pivoting section, and the first pivoting element has internal guide threads at both ends of the internal thread; or The pivoting element used in this pivoting step is a second pivoting element, which is a frame. This frame has multiple positioning holes for inserting the transverse pivoting section and receiving spaces communicating with the positioning holes. The second pivoting element uses these receiving spaces to mount a fastener onto the transverse pivoting section, thus fixing the transverse pivoting section to the frame; or The pivoting element used in this pivoting step is a third pivoting element, which is a welding backing made of carbon-based material. This welding backing can withstand temperatures above 1500°C, and its appearance is arc-shaped, flat, or a grooved flat plate.

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