Refrigeration cycle device

Abstract

The present application relates to a refrigeration cycle device. In a refrigeration cycle device that performs a refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant having a small GWP, a refrigerant circuit (10) having a compressor (21), a condenser (23), a pressure-reducing portion (24), and an evaporator (31), and a prescribed refrigerant having a small GWP enclosed in the refrigerant circuit (10) are provided.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application has the Chinese national application number 201980058828.3, the application date is July 16, 2019, and the invention title is "Refrigeration Cycle Device". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to a refrigeration cycle device. Background Technology

[0003] R410A and R404A have traditionally been used as refrigerants in thermal cycling systems such as air conditioning units. R410A is a two-component mixture of (CH2F2; HFC-32 or R32) and pentafluoroethane (C2HF5; HFC-125 or R125), a near-azeotropic composition. R404A is a three-component mixture of R125, R134a, and R143a, also a near-azeotropic composition. Additionally, R134a is often used as a single refrigerant.

[0004] However, R410A has a global warming potential (GWP) of 2088, R404A has a GWP of 3920, and R134a has a GWP of 1430. In recent years, due to increased concerns about global warming, there has been a preference for using refrigerants with lower GWPs.

[0005] For example, Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2015 / 141678) proposes a low-GWP mixed refrigerant that can replace R410A. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-184597) proposes various low-GWP mixed refrigerants that can replace R404A. Additionally, Patent Document 3 (International Publication No. 2005 / 105947) proposes a low-GWP mixed refrigerant that can replace R134a. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Group 1

[0007] When using refrigerants with sufficiently low GWP for refrigeration cycles, there has been no research to date on ensuring good lubrication within the refrigeration cycle unit.

[0008] The present invention was made in view of the above, and its object is to provide a refrigeration cycle device that can provide good lubrication within the refrigeration cycle device when using a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP for the refrigeration cycle.

[0009] The refrigeration cycle device of the first embodiment of Group 1 includes a working fluid for a refrigeration machine, which comprises: a refrigerant composition containing refrigerant and refrigeration oil. The refrigerant is either the first refrigerant X, the second refrigerant Y, the third refrigerant A, the fourth refrigerant B, the fifth refrigerant C, the sixth refrigerant D, or the seventh refrigerant E, described later.

[0010] This refrigeration cycle device contains a refrigerant and refrigeration oil with a sufficiently low GWP, thus ensuring good lubrication within the refrigeration cycle device when using the aforementioned refrigerant composition. Furthermore, in this refrigeration cycle, good lubrication is also achieved when using a refrigerant that possesses both refrigeration capacity (sometimes also referred to as cooling capacity or capacity) and coefficient of performance (COP) comparable to R410A.

[0011] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 2 in group 1 is the same as that of scheme 1, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 40°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or above 750mm 2 / s or less.

[0012] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 3 in group 1 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 1 or scheme 2 in group 1, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 100°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or more 100mm 2 / s or less.

[0013] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 1 is any one of schemes 1 to 3 in group 1, wherein the volume resistivity of the refrigeration oil at 25°C is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 12 Ω·cm or higher.

[0014] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 1 is any one of schemes 1 to 4 in group 1, wherein the acid value of the refrigeration oil is less than 0.1 mg KOH / g.

[0015] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 6 in group 1 is any one of schemes 1 to 5 in group 1, wherein the ash content of the refrigeration oil is less than 100 ppm.

[0016] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 7 in group 1 is any one of schemes 1 to 6 in group 1, wherein the aniline point of the refrigeration oil is above -100°C and below 0°C.

[0017] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 8 in group 1 is any one of schemes 1 to 7 in group 1, wherein it includes a refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit is constructed by connecting the compressor, condenser, pressure reducing unit and evaporator with refrigerant piping. The refrigerant circuit circulates the working fluid of the refrigeration machine internally.

[0018] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 9 in group 1 is any one of schemes 1 to 8 in group 1, wherein the mixing ratio of refrigeration oil in the working fluid of the refrigeration machine is more than 5% by mass and less than 60% by mass.

[0019] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 10 in Group 1 is any one of Schemes 1 to 9 in Group 1, wherein the refrigeration oil contains at least one additive selected from acid scavengers, extreme pressure agents, antioxidants, defoamers, oiliness agents, metal passivators, anti-wear agents, and compatibilizers. The proportion of the additive to the refrigeration oil containing the additive is less than 5% by mass.

[0020] (2) Group 2

[0021] When using refrigerants with sufficiently low GWP for refrigeration cycles, there has been no research to date on ensuring good lubrication within the refrigeration cycle unit.

[0022] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a refrigerant oil or refrigerant composition for use with a refrigerant that provides good lubrication when using a refrigerant with a sufficiently low GWP for a refrigeration cycle, a method of using the refrigerant oil, and its use as a refrigerant oil.

[0023] The refrigeration oil used in the refrigerant composition of the first scheme of Group 2 is a refrigeration oil for a refrigerant composition containing refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant contains any one of refrigerant X, refrigerant Y, and refrigerant A to refrigerant E as shown in "(26) Details of the refrigerants in the above groups" below.

[0024] The refrigerant composition of the second embodiment in Group 2 uses the same refrigerant composition of the first embodiment in Group 2, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerant oil at 40°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or above 750mm 2 / s or less.

[0025] The refrigerant oil used in the refrigerant composition of the third scheme of Group 2 is the refrigerant oil used in the refrigerant composition of the first or second scheme of Group 2, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerant oil at 100°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or more 100mm 2 / s or less.

[0026] The refrigerant oil used in the refrigerant composition of scheme 4 in group 2 is the refrigerant oil used in the refrigerant compositions of any one of schemes 1 to 3 in group 2, wherein the volume resistivity of the refrigerant oil at 25°C is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 12 Ω·cm or higher.

[0027] The refrigeration oil used in the refrigerant composition of Scheme 5 of Group 2 is the refrigeration oil used in the refrigerant composition of any one of Schemes 1 to 4 of Group 2, wherein the acid value of the refrigeration oil is less than 0.1 mg KOH / g.

[0028] The refrigeration oil used in the refrigerant composition of the sixth scheme of Group 2 is the refrigeration oil used in the refrigerant composition of any one of the schemes 1 to 5 of Group 2, wherein the ash content of the refrigeration oil is less than 100 ppm.

[0029] The refrigeration oil used in the refrigerant composition of Scheme 7 of Group 2 is the refrigeration oil used in the refrigerant composition of any one of Schemes 1 to 6 of Group 2, wherein the aniline point of the refrigeration oil is above -100°C and below 0°C.

[0030] The method of using the refrigeration oil of the eighth scheme of Group 2 is a method of using refrigeration oil with a refrigerant composition containing a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant includes any of the refrigerants described later (26).

[0031] According to the method of use of this refrigeration oil, it enables good lubrication when using refrigerants with sufficiently low GWP or refrigerant compositions containing such refrigerants for refrigeration cycles.

[0032] The method of using the refrigeration oil in Scheme 9 of Group 2 is the same as that in Scheme 8 of Group 2, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 40°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or above 750mm 2 / s or less.

[0033] The method of using the refrigeration oil in Scheme 10 of Group 2 is the same as that in Scheme 8 or 9 of Group 2, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 100°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or more 100mm 2 / s or less.

[0034] The method of using the refrigeration oil in Scheme 11 of Group 2 is the same as the method of using the refrigeration oil in Schemes 8 to 10 of Group 2, wherein the volume resistivity of the refrigeration oil at 25°C is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 12 Ω·cm or higher.

[0035] The method of using the refrigeration oil in Scheme 12 of Group 2 is the same as the method of using the refrigeration oil in Schemes 8 to 11 of Group 2, wherein the acid value of the refrigeration oil is below 0.1 mg KOH / g.

[0036] The method of using the refrigeration oil in Scheme 13 of Group 2 is the same as the method of using the refrigeration oil in Schemes 8 to 12 of Group 2, wherein the ash content of the refrigeration oil is less than 100 ppm.

[0037] The method of using the refrigeration oil in Scheme 14 of Group 2 is the same as the method of using the refrigeration oil in Schemes 8 to 13 of Group 2, wherein the aniline point of the refrigeration oil is above -100℃ and below 0℃.

[0038] The use of the 15th scheme of Group 2 as a refrigeration oil is as a refrigeration oil used in conjunction with a refrigerant composition containing a refrigerant, including any of the refrigerants described later (26).

[0039] By using this as a refrigeration oil, good lubrication can be achieved when using a refrigerant with a sufficiently low GWP or a refrigerant composition containing such a refrigerant during a refrigeration cycle.

[0040] The use of the 16th formulation in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil is the same as the use of the 15th formulation in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 40°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or above 750mm 2 / s or less.

[0041] The use of Scheme 17 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil is the same as the use of Scheme 15 or Scheme 16 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 100°C is 1 mm. 2 / s or more 100mm 2 / s or less.

[0042] The use of Scheme 18 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil is any one of Schemes 15 to 17 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil, wherein the volume resistivity of the refrigeration oil at 25°C is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 12 Ω·cm or higher.

[0043] The use of Scheme 19 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil is the use of any one of Schemes 15 to 18 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil, wherein the acid value of the refrigeration oil is less than 0.1 mg KOH / g.

[0044] The use of Scheme 20 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil is any one of Schemes 15 to 19 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil, wherein the ash content of the refrigeration oil is less than 100 ppm.

[0045] The use of Scheme 21 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil is any one of Schemes 15 to 20 in Group 2 as a refrigeration oil, wherein the aniline point of the refrigeration oil is above -100°C and below 0°C.

[0046] (3) Group 3

[0047] No research has been conducted on the specific refrigerant flow path that allows the use of such a small GWP refrigerant.

[0048] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 3 includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing unit, and an evaporator. The refrigerant is either Refrigerant X (described later), Refrigerant Y (described later), Refrigerant A (described later), Refrigerant B (described later), Refrigerant C (described later), Refrigerant D (described later), or Refrigerant E (described later).

[0049] In this refrigeration cycle device, since a refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later can be performed in a refrigerant circuit having a compressor, condenser, pressure reducing unit and evaporator, a refrigeration cycle can be performed using a refrigerant with a small GWP.

[0050] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 2 in group 3 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 1 in group 3, wherein the refrigerant circuit further includes a low-pressure storage tank. The low-pressure storage tank is located midway in the refrigerant flow path from the evaporator toward the suction side of the compressor.

[0051] This refrigeration cycle device can perform a refrigeration cycle while storing the remaining refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in a low-pressure storage tank.

[0052] The refrigeration cycle device of the third scheme in Group 3 is the refrigeration cycle device of the first or second scheme in Group 3, wherein the refrigerant circuit further includes a high-pressure storage tank. The high-pressure storage tank is located midway in the refrigerant flow path from the condenser to the evaporator.

[0053] This refrigeration cycle device can perform a refrigeration cycle while storing the remaining refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in a high-pressure storage tank.

[0054] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 3 is any one of schemes 1 to 3 in group 3, wherein the refrigerant circuit further includes a first pressure reducing unit, a second pressure reducing unit, and an intermediate-pressure storage tank. The first pressure reducing unit, the second pressure reducing unit, and the intermediate-pressure storage tank are all located midway in the refrigerant flow path from the condenser to the evaporator. The intermediate-pressure storage tank is located between the first and second pressure reducing units in the refrigerant flow path from the condenser to the evaporator.

[0055] This refrigeration cycle device can perform a refrigeration cycle while storing the remaining refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in a medium-pressure storage tank.

[0056] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 3 is a refrigeration cycle device of any one of schemes 1 to 4 in group 3, and further includes a control unit. The refrigerant circuit further includes a first pressure reducing unit and a second pressure reducing unit. The first and second pressure reducing units are located midway in the refrigerant flow path from the condenser to the evaporator. The control unit adjusts both the pressure reduction degree of the refrigerant passing through the first pressure reducing unit and the pressure reduction degree of the refrigerant passing through the second pressure reducing unit.

[0057] In this refrigeration cycle device, by controlling the pressure reduction levels of the first and second pressure reduction sections located midway through the refrigerant flow path from the condenser to the evaporator, the density of the refrigerant located between the first and second pressure reduction sections in the midway through the refrigerant flow path from the condenser to the evaporator can be reduced. This makes it easier to have a large quantity of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit in the condenser and / or evaporator, thereby improving capacity.

[0058] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 6 in group 3 is a refrigeration cycle device of any one of schemes 1 to 5 in group 3, wherein the refrigerant circuit further includes a refrigerant heat exchange section. The refrigerant heat exchange section enables heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing from the condenser toward the evaporator and the refrigerant flowing from the evaporator toward the compressor.

[0059] In this refrigeration cycle device, in the refrigerant heat exchange section, the refrigerant flowing from the condenser towards the evaporator is used to heat the refrigerant flowing from the evaporator towards the compressor. Therefore, liquid compression in the compressor can be suppressed.

[0060] (4) Group 4

[0061] In refrigerants with low gWP, there is a flammable refrigerant present. Therefore, it is preferable to adopt a configuration in which, even in the event of a leak of the flammable refrigerant, the leaked refrigerant is unlikely to reach the vicinity of electrical installations.

[0062] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a heat exchange unit that makes it difficult for the refrigerant to reach the electrical installation unit even when a flammable refrigerant is used as the refrigerant in the first embodiment described later.

[0063] The heat exchange unit of Scheme 1 in Group 4 is a heat exchange unit that forms part of a refrigeration cycle device, and it includes a housing, a heat exchanger, a piping connection, and an electrical installation unit. The heat exchange unit can be either a user-side unit or a heat source-side unit. The user-side unit and the heat source-side unit are connected to each other via connecting pipes. The heat exchanger is disposed within the housing, and refrigerant flows inside it. The piping connection is connected to the connecting pipes. The electrical installation unit is disposed within the housing. The refrigerant is any of the refrigerants in Schemes 1 to 42 described later, and is a flammable refrigerant. In the configuration of the heat exchange unit, the lower end of the electrical installation unit is positioned higher than the piping connection.

[0064] Here, flammable refrigerant refers to refrigerants with a flammability rating of "2L" or higher according to the flammability classification of the American ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard.

[0065] It should be noted that there are no particular limitations on the piping connection; it can be directly or indirectly connected to the refrigerant piping extending from the heat exchanger via other elements.

[0066] It should be noted that the form of the electrical installation unit is not particularly limited. It can be an electrical component box that houses two or more electrical components, or a base plate that has two or more electrical components.

[0067] In its installed state, the lower end of the electrical mounting unit is positioned higher than the piping connection. Therefore, even if flammable refrigerant leaks from the piping connection, the refrigerant, being heavier than air, is unlikely to reach the electrical mounting unit.

[0068] (5) Group 5

[0069] With the refrigerant of the first scheme described below as having a sufficiently small GWP, no research has been conducted to date on improving the operating efficiency of the refrigeration cycle.

[0070] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that can improve operating efficiency when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later.

[0071] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 5 includes a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing unit, an evaporator, and an injection path. The compressor draws in low-pressure refrigerant through the suction path, compresses the refrigerant, and discharges high-pressure refrigerant. The condenser condenses the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor. The pressure reducing unit reduces the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant exiting the condenser. The evaporator evaporates the refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced in the pressure reducing unit. The injection path is at least one of an intermediate injection path and a suction injection path. The intermediate injection path allows a portion of the refrigerant flowing from the condenser to the evaporator to merge with the intermediate-pressure refrigerant in the compressor. The refrigerant is one of the following: refrigerant X (described later), refrigerant Y (described later), refrigerant A (described later), refrigerant B (described later), refrigerant C (described later), refrigerant D (described later), or refrigerant E (described later).

[0072] In this refrigeration cycle device, by using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the GWP can be suppressed to a sufficiently small level, and by using the injection flow path, the operating efficiency of the refrigeration cycle can be improved.

[0073] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 2 in Group 5 is the same as Scheme 1 in Group 5, and further includes a branch flow path, an opening control valve, and an injection heat exchanger. The branch flow path branches off from the main refrigerant flow path connecting the condenser and evaporator. The opening control valve is located in the branch flow path. The injection heat exchanger allows heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing in the main refrigerant flow path and the refrigerant flowing downstream of the opening control valve in the branch flow path. The refrigerant flowing in the branch flow path from the injection heat exchanger flows back to the injection flow path.

[0074] This refrigeration cycle device can further improve the operating efficiency of the refrigeration cycle.

[0075] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 3 in group 5 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 1 or scheme 2 in group 5, wherein it further includes a refrigerant storage tank, which is arranged in the main refrigerant flow path connecting the condenser and the evaporator. The gaseous components of the refrigerant stored inside the refrigerant storage tank flow in the injection flow path.

[0076] In this refrigeration cycle device, the remaining refrigerant can be stored in the refrigerant storage tank, thereby improving the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle.

[0077] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 5 is a refrigeration cycle device of any one of schemes 1 to 3 in group 5, wherein the compressor has a stationary scroll and a rotary scroll. The stationary scroll has an end plate and a vortex-shaped scroll rising from the end plate. The rotary scroll forms a compression chamber by meshing with the stationary scroll. The refrigerant flowing in the injection path merges in the compression chamber.

[0078] This refrigeration cycle device can improve the operating efficiency of the refrigeration cycle while using a scroll compressor.

[0079] (6) Group 6

[0080] There has been no research to date on what pressure-resistant device or equipment should be used as the refrigeration cycle device or its constituent equipment when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later as a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP.

[0081] For example, regarding refrigeration cycle devices using commonly used refrigerants such as R410A and R32, if the existing connecting pipes are still used and the refrigerant is replaced with the refrigerant described in the first scheme below, damage may occur to the existing connecting pipes if the equipment constituting the refrigeration cycle device is operated at a pressure exceeding the withstand pressure of the existing connecting pipes.

[0082] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a heat source unit and a refrigeration cycle device that can suppress damage to the connecting pipes when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later.

[0083] The heat source unit of Scheme 1 in Group 6 includes a compressor and a heat source-side heat exchanger. The heat source unit is connected to the utilization unit via connecting piping to form a refrigeration cycle device. The utilization unit has a utilization-side heat exchanger. In the heat source unit, the refrigerant of Scheme 1 (described later) is used as the refrigerant. The design pressure of the heat source unit is 1.5 times lower than the design pressure of the connecting piping.

[0084] It should be noted that "design pressure" refers to gauge pressure (the same applies below).

[0085] The design pressure of this heat source unit is 1.5 times lower than the design pressure of the connecting piping. Therefore, it operates at a lower pressure than the withstand pressure of the connecting piping, thus preventing damage to the connecting piping even when used in connection with the connecting piping.

[0086] The refrigeration cycle unit of scheme 2 in group 6 includes a utilization unit, connecting piping, and a heat source unit of scheme 1. The refrigeration cycle unit uses the refrigerant of scheme 1 (described later). The design pressure of the heat source unit is the same as the design pressure in the refrigeration cycle unit using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C.

[0087] The term "equivalent" here is preferably within ±10% of the design pressure of the refrigeration cycle unit when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C.

[0088] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C is replaced with a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the design pressure of the heat source unit is the same or identical as the design pressure before the replacement, thereby suppressing damage to the connecting pipes.

[0089] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 3 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 2 in group 6, wherein the design pressure of the heat source unit is above 3.0MPa and below 3.7MPa.

[0090] The refrigeration cycle unit of scheme 4 in group 6 includes a utilization unit, connecting piping, and a heat source unit of scheme 1. The refrigeration cycle unit uses the refrigerant of scheme 1 (described later). The design pressure of the heat source unit is the same as the design pressure in the refrigeration cycle unit using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0091] The term "equivalent" here is preferably within ±10% of the design pressure of the refrigeration cycle unit when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0092] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32 is replaced with a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the design pressure of the heat source unit is the same or identical as the design pressure before the replacement, thereby suppressing damage to the connecting pipes.

[0093] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 6, wherein the design pressure of the heat source unit is above 4.0MPa and below 4.8MPa.

[0094] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 6 in group 6 includes a heat source unit, a utilization unit, and connecting piping. The heat source unit has a compressor and a heat source-side heat exchanger. The utilization unit has a utilization-side heat exchanger. The connecting piping connects the heat source unit and the utilization unit. In the refrigeration cycle device, the refrigerant of scheme 1 described later is used. The design pressure of the heat source unit is the same as the design pressure in the refrigeration cycle device when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C.

[0095] The term "equivalent" here is preferably within ±10% of the design pressure of the refrigeration cycle unit when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C.

[0096] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C is replaced with a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the design pressure of the heat source unit is the same or identical as the design pressure before the replacement, thereby suppressing damage to the connecting pipes.

[0097] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 7 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 6 in group 6, wherein the design pressure of the heat source unit is above 3.0MPa and below 3.7MPa.

[0098] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 8 in group 6 includes a heat source unit, a utilization unit, and connecting piping. The heat source unit has a compressor and a heat source-side heat exchanger. The utilization unit has a utilization-side heat exchanger. The connecting piping connects the heat source unit and the utilization unit. In the refrigeration cycle device, the refrigerant of scheme 1 described later is used. The design pressure of the heat source unit is the same as the design pressure of the refrigeration cycle device when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0099] The term "equivalent" as used herein preferably refers to a range of ±10% relative to the design pressure of the refrigeration cycle unit when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0100] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32 is replaced with a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the design pressure of the heat source unit is the same or identical as the design pressure before the replacement, thereby suppressing damage to the connecting pipes.

[0101] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 9 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 8 in group 6, wherein the design pressure of the heat source unit is above 4.0MPa and below 4.8MPa.

[0102] The heat source unit of scheme 10 in group 6 includes a compressor, a heat source-side heat exchanger, and a control device. The heat source unit is connected to the utilization unit via connecting piping to form a refrigeration cycle device. The utilization unit has a utilization-side heat exchanger. In the heat source unit, the refrigerant of scheme 1 described later is used as the refrigerant. The control device is configured to set an upper limit for the control pressure of the refrigerant, or be able to set it to be 1.5 times lower than the design pressure of the connecting piping.

[0103] The heat source unit is configured such that the upper limit of the control pressure of the refrigerant in the control device is set, or can be set, to be 1.5 times lower than the design pressure of the connecting piping. Therefore, even when used in connection with the connecting piping, operation control is ensured at a pressure lower than the withstand pressure of the connecting piping, thus preventing damage to the connecting piping.

[0104] The refrigeration cycle apparatus of scheme 11 in group 6 includes a utilization unit, connecting piping, and a heat source unit of scheme 10. The refrigerant of scheme 1 (described later) is used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus. The control device is configured to set, or be able to set, an upper limit value for the control pressure of the refrigerant to be equal to the upper limit value for the control pressure in the refrigeration cycle apparatus when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C.

[0105] The term "equivalent" here refers to the upper limit of the control pressure in the refrigeration cycle unit relative to the upper limit of the control pressure when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C, which is within ±10%.

[0106] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C is updated to a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, it is configured such that the upper limit of the control pressure of the refrigerant is set by the control device of the heat source unit, or can be set to be equal to or the same as the upper limit of the control pressure of the heat source unit of the refrigeration cycle device when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C, so that damage to the connecting pipes can be suppressed.

[0107] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 12 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 11 in group 6, wherein the upper limit of the control pressure is set to be above 3.0MPa and below 3.7MPa.

[0108] The refrigeration cycle apparatus of scheme 13 in group 6 includes a utilization unit, connecting piping, and a heat source unit of scheme 10. The refrigerant of scheme 1 (described later) is used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus. The control device is configured to set, or be able to set, an upper limit value for the control pressure of the refrigerant to be equal to the upper limit value for the control pressure in the refrigeration cycle apparatus when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0109] The term "equivalent" as used herein preferably refers to a range of ±10% relative to the upper limit of the control pressure in a refrigeration cycle unit using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0110] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32 is updated to a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, it is configured such that the upper limit of the control pressure of the refrigerant is set by the control device of the heat source unit, or can be set to be equal to or the same as the upper limit of the control pressure of the heat source unit of the refrigeration cycle device when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32, so that damage to the connecting pipes can be suppressed.

[0111] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 14 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 13 in group 6, wherein the upper limit of the control pressure is set to be above 4.0MPa and below 4.8MPa.

[0112] The refrigeration cycle apparatus of scheme 15 in group 6 includes a heat source unit, a utilization unit, connecting piping, and a control device. The heat source unit has a compressor and a heat source-side heat exchanger. The utilization unit has a utilization-side heat exchanger. The connecting piping connects the heat source unit and the utilization unit. The refrigerant of scheme 1 (described later) is used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus. The control device is configured to set, or be able to set, an upper limit value for the control pressure of the refrigerant to be equal to the upper limit value for the control pressure in the refrigeration cycle apparatus when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C.

[0113] The term "equivalent" as used herein preferably refers to a range of ±10% relative to the upper limit of the control pressure in the refrigeration cycle unit when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C.

[0114] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C is updated to a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, it is configured such that the upper limit of the control pressure of the refrigerant is set by the control device of the heat source unit, or can be set to be equal to or the same as the upper limit of the control pressure of the heat source unit of the refrigeration cycle device when using refrigerant R22 or refrigerant R407C, so that damage to the connecting pipes can be suppressed.

[0115] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 16 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 15 in group 6, wherein the upper limit of the control pressure is set to be above 3.0MPa and below 3.7MPa.

[0116] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 17 in group 6 includes a heat source unit, a utilization unit, connecting piping, and a control device. The heat source unit has a compressor and a heat source-side heat exchanger. The utilization unit has a utilization-side heat exchanger. The connecting piping connects the heat source unit and the utilization unit. The refrigeration cycle device uses the refrigerant of scheme 1 described later. The control device is configured to set or be able to set an upper limit value of the control pressure of the refrigerant to be equal to the upper limit value of the control pressure in the refrigeration cycle device when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0117] The term "equivalent" as used herein preferably refers to a range of ±10% relative to the upper limit of the control pressure in the refrigeration cycle unit when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32.

[0118] In this refrigeration cycle device, even if the refrigeration cycle device using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32 is updated to a refrigeration cycle device that still uses connecting pipes and uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, it is configured such that the upper limit of the control pressure of the refrigerant is set by the control device of the heat source unit, or can be set to be equal to or the same as the upper limit of the control pressure of the heat source unit of the refrigeration cycle device when using refrigerant R410A or refrigerant R32, so that damage to the connecting pipes can be suppressed.

[0119] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 18 in group 6 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 17 in group 6, wherein the upper limit of the control pressure is set to be above 4.0MPa and below 4.8MPa.

[0120] (7) Group 7

[0121] This type of refrigerant with a low GWP includes flammable refrigerants. Furthermore, high-power electric heating elements are sometimes used in air conditioning units for various purposes. Therefore, in air conditioning units using high-power electric heating elements, it is desirable to suppress the possibility of fires igniting within the heating elements even if leaks of flammable refrigerants occur.

[0122] In view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning unit that uses a refrigerant with a low GWP and can suppress fire in the heating element even in the event of refrigerant leakage.

[0123] The air conditioning unit of Scheme 1 in Group 7 includes a housing, equipment, and an electric heating device. The equipment is located inside the housing. The electric heating device is located inside the housing. The equipment is a compressor for compressing the refrigerant of Scheme 1 (described later) and / or a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between external gas and the refrigerant of Scheme 1 (described later). The power consumption of the electric heating device is 300W or less.

[0124] It should be noted that there is no particular limitation on what constitutes an air conditioning unit. For example, it can be a heat source unit in a refrigeration cycle device such as an air conditioning unit, where an outdoor unit (heat source unit) and an indoor unit (utilization unit) are connected via refrigerant connecting pipes. It can also be a utilization unit. It should be noted that a heat source unit may only have a heat exchanger, with the compressor located in a separate unit.

[0125] In this air conditioning unit, a compressor that compresses the refrigerant of the first embodiment described later and / or a heat exchanger that allows external gas to exchange heat with the refrigerant of the first embodiment described later are housed together with an electric heating device within a casing. The power consumption of the electric heating device is 300W or less. Therefore, even if the refrigerant leaks occasionally, fires in the electric heating device can be suppressed.

[0126] The air conditioning unit of scheme 2 in group 7 is the same as the air conditioning unit of scheme 1 in group 7. In this scheme, the casing has an air outlet on its side when in the set state, which is used to blow out air that has passed through the heat exchanger. The power consumption of the electric heating device is 75W or more.

[0127] Because the power consumption of the electric heating device in this air conditioning unit is over 75W, it is easy to utilize the function of the electric heating device.

[0128] The air conditioning unit of scheme 3 in group 7 is the same as the air conditioning unit of scheme 2 in group 7, and it has one fan that forms an airflow through the heat exchanger. The power consumption of the electric heating device is between 75W and 100W.

[0129] It should be noted that the internal volume of the heat exchanger (the volume of fluid that can fill it) of an air conditioning unit with only one fan is preferably 0.4L or more and less than 3.5L. Specifically, if the air conditioning unit's refrigerant circuit does not have a refrigerant container (such as a low-pressure or high-pressure tank, excluding the receiver attached to the compressor), the volume is preferably 0.4L or more and less than 2.5L. If the air conditioning unit has a refrigerant container in the refrigerant circuit (preferably one unit for indoor units, etc.), the volume is preferably 1.4L or more and less than 3.5L.

[0130] The air conditioning unit is equipped with only one fan, so even if the power consumption of the electric heating device is less than 100W, the function of the electric heating device can be fully utilized.

[0131] The air conditioning unit of scheme 4 in group 7 is the same as the air conditioning unit of scheme 2 in group 7, and it has two fans that create an airflow through the heat exchanger. The power consumption of the electric heating device is over 100W.

[0132] It should be noted that the internal volume (volume of fluid that can fill the interior) of the heat exchanger in an air conditioning unit equipped with two fans is preferably 3.5L or more and 7.0L or less. Specifically, when the air conditioning unit's refrigerant circuit includes one or more indoor units without expansion valves, the volume is preferably 3.5L or more and less than 5.0L; when the refrigerant circuit includes multiple indoor units with expansion valves, the volume is preferably 5.0L or more and 7.0L or less.

[0133] The air conditioning unit is equipped with two fans, thus increasing its capacity. It tends to require a large capacity as an electric heating device. Here, an electric heating device with a power consumption of 100W or more is used, so the function of the electric heating device can be fully utilized in a manner comparable to the capacity of the air conditioning unit.

[0134] The air conditioning unit of scheme 5 in group 7 is the same as the air conditioning unit of scheme 1 in group 7, wherein the casing has an air outlet for blowing air that has passed through the heat exchanger upwards. The power consumption of the electric heating device is 200W or more.

[0135] It should be noted that the internal volume of the heat exchanger (the volume of fluid that can be filled inside) of the air conditioning unit, which is used to blow air upwards through the heat exchanger, is preferably 5.5L to 38L. Thus, a heat exchanger with an internal volume of 5.5L to 38L is preferably used in applications such as indoor units equipped with expansion valves in the refrigerant circuit.

[0136] Because this air conditioning unit sends the air that has passed through the heat exchanger upwards, the capacity of the air conditioning unit is increased, and it tends to have a large capacity as an electric heating device. Here, an electric heating device with a power consumption of 200W or more is used, so the function of the electric heating device can be fully utilized in a way that is comparable to the capacity of the air conditioning unit.

[0137] The air conditioning unit of Scheme 6 in Group 7 is any one of Schemes 1 to 5 in Group 7, wherein the electric heating device is at least one of drain pan heater, crankcase heater, and refrigerant heater.

[0138] For this air conditioning unit, when a drain pan heater is provided, the freezing of condensate on the drain pan can be suppressed in the air conditioning unit with a drain pan; when a crankcase heater is provided, the generation of air bubbles (oil foaming) in the refrigerant oil during compressor start-up can be suppressed in the air conditioning unit with a compressor; when a refrigerant heater is provided, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit can be heated.

[0139] (8) Group 8

[0140] As an index that takes into account the prevention of global warming, there is the LCCP (Life Cycle Climate Performance). The LCCP is an index that considers the prevention of global warming by adding the energy consumption (indirect impact) from the use of greenhouse gases in production and the leakage of gases into the outside world (direct impact) to the TEWI (Total Equivalent Warning Impact). The unit is kg-CO2. That is, the TEWI is obtained by adding the direct and indirect impacts calculated separately using the required mathematical formula. The LCCP is calculated using the following formula.

[0141] LCCP=GWPRM×W+GWP×W×(1-R)+N×Q×A

[0142] Here, GWPRM: Greenhouse effect related to refrigerant manufacturing; W: Refrigerant charge; R: Refrigerant recovery upon equipment disposal; N: Equipment lifespan (years); Q: CO2 emission intensity; A: Annual power consumption.

[0143] Regarding the LCCP of a refrigeration cycle unit, if the refrigerant charge in the circuit is too low, the LCCP will increase due to the deterioration of cycle efficiency caused by insufficient refrigerant. Conversely, if the refrigerant charge in the circuit is too high, the influence of GWP will increase, and the LCCP will also increase. In addition, refrigerants with lower GWP than the previously used R32 tend to have lower heat transfer capacity, and there is a tendency for the LCCP to increase due to the deterioration of cycle efficiency.

[0144] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a refrigeration cycle device and a method for determining the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle device, which can suppress LCCP to a low level when using a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP for thermal cycling.

[0145] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 8 includes a heat source unit, a utilization unit, and refrigerant piping. The heat source unit has a compressor and a heat source-side heat exchanger. The utilization unit has a utilization-side heat exchanger. The refrigerant piping connects the heat source unit and the utilization unit. The refrigerant of Scheme 1 (described later) is sealed in the refrigerant circuit formed by connecting the compressor, the heat source-side heat exchanger, and the utilization-side heat exchanger. The amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit satisfies the condition that the refrigeration cycle device has a cooling capacity of 160g to 560g per 1kW.

[0146] It should be noted that the cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device refers to the rated cooling capacity.

[0147] In this refrigeration cycle device, a refrigerant of the first scheme described later is sealed in the refrigerant circuit with a cooling capacity of 160g to 560g per 1kW. Therefore, when using a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP for thermal cycling, the LCCP can be suppressed to a low level.

[0148] It should be noted that, for the case where there is no refrigerant container (such as a low-pressure tank or a high-pressure tank, excluding the tank attached to the compressor) in the refrigerant circuit, the internal volume (the volume of fluid that can be filled inside) is preferably 0.4L or more and less than 2.5L. For the case where there is a refrigerant container in the refrigerant circuit, the internal volume is preferably 1.4L or more and less than 5.0L.

[0149] Furthermore, for a heat source unit with only one fan, the internal volume of the heat source side heat exchanger (the volume of fluid that can be filled inside) is preferably 0.4L or more and less than 3.5L, for the case where the heat source unit has a shell with an outlet formed on its side in the installed state for blowing out air that has passed through the heat source side heat exchanger (the case where the heat source unit is box-type, etc.). For a heat source unit with two fans, the internal volume of the heat source side heat exchanger (the volume of fluid that can be filled inside) is preferably 3.5L or more and less than 5.0L, for the case where the heat source unit has a shell with an outlet formed on its side in the installed state for blowing out air that has passed through the heat source side heat exchanger (the case where the heat source unit is box-type, etc.).

[0150] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 2 in Group 8 includes a heat source unit, a first utilization unit, a second utilization unit, and refrigerant piping. The heat source unit has a compressor and a heat source-side heat exchanger. The first utilization unit has a first utilization-side heat exchanger. The second utilization unit has a second utilization-side heat exchanger. Refrigerant piping connects the heat source unit, the first utilization unit, and the second utilization unit. The refrigerant of Scheme 1 (described later) is sealed into the refrigerant circuit formed by connecting the compressor and the heat source-side heat exchanger in parallel with the first and second utilization-side heat exchangers. The amount of refrigerant sealed into the refrigerant circuit per 1kW of refrigeration capacity satisfies the condition of 190g to 1660g.

[0151] In this refrigeration cycle device, in the refrigerant circuit having multiple parallel-connected heat exchangers on the utilization side, 190g to 1660g of the first scheme described later is sealed in for every 1kW of refrigeration capacity. Therefore, when using a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP for heat cycling, the LCCP can be suppressed to a low level.

[0152] It should be noted that, as the internal volume (the volume of fluid that can be filled into the heat source side heat exchanger) of the above-mentioned heat source side heat exchanger, for the case where the first utilization unit does not have an expansion valve on the liquid side of the first utilization side heat exchanger and the second utilization unit also does not have an expansion valve on the liquid side of the second utilization side heat exchanger, it is preferably 1.4L or more and less than 5.0L. For the case where the first utilization unit has an expansion valve on the liquid side of the first utilization side heat exchanger and the second utilization unit also has an expansion valve on the liquid side of the second utilization side heat exchanger, it is preferably 5.0L or more and less than 38L.

[0153] Furthermore, for a heat source unit with only one fan, the internal volume of the heat source side heat exchanger (the volume of fluid that can be filled inside) is preferably 0.4L or more and less than 3.5L, for the case where the heat source unit has a shell with an outlet formed on its side in the installed state for blowing out air that has passed through the heat source side heat exchanger (the case where the heat source unit is box-type, etc.). For a heat source unit with two fans, the internal volume of the heat source side heat exchanger (the volume of fluid that can be filled inside) is preferably 3.5L or more and less than 7.0L, for the case where the heat source unit has a shell with an outlet formed on its side in the installed state for blowing out air that has passed through the heat source side heat exchanger (the case where the heat source unit is box-type, etc.). For a heat source unit where air that has passed through the heat source side heat exchanger is blown upwards, the internal volume of the heat source side heat exchanger (the volume of fluid that can be filled inside) is preferably 5.5L or more and less than 38L.

[0154] (9) Group 9

[0155] As a refrigeration cycle device using existing R410A or R32, the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping or gas-side refrigerant connection piping for connecting the heat source unit with the heat source-side heat exchanger and the utilization unit with the utilization-side heat exchanger is specifically studied and proposed.

[0156] However, no research has been conducted on the outer diameter of the refrigerant connecting the liquid side and the gas side of the refrigerant connecting the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle device using the refrigerant of the first scheme described below as having a sufficiently small GWP, nor has any scheme been proposed.

[0157] In view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that, when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, can minimize the reduction in capacity.

[0158] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 9 has a refrigerant circuit connected to a compressor, a heat exchanger on the heat source side, a pressure reducing unit, a liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe, a utilization-side heat exchanger, and a gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe. The refrigeration cycle device uses the refrigerant of Scheme 1 described later. The outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe are D0 / 8 inches (here, "D0-1 / 8 inch" is the outer diameter of the refrigerant connecting pipe when using refrigerant R32), and in the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe, the range of D0 is "2≤D0≤4", and in the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe, the range of D0 is "3≤D0≤8".

[0159] It should be noted that there are no particular limitations on the pressure reducing unit; it can be an expansion valve or a capillary tube. It should also be noted that, more preferably, in the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping, the range of D0 is "2≤D0≤3", and in the gas-side refrigerant connection piping, the range of D0 is "4≤D0≤7".

[0160] By using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the refrigeration cycle device can suppress the GWP to a sufficiently small level and can suppress the reduction in capacity to a small level.

[0161] It should be noted that the refrigeration cycle device of the first scheme of Group 9 can be made into the following refrigeration cycle device based on the difference in physical properties between the refrigerant and refrigerant R32 of the present invention.

[0162] In the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 9, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3kW to 10.0kW, and the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is D0 / 8 inches (here, "D0-1 / 8 inches" is the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe when using refrigerant R32), and D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe can be 3.

[0163] In the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 1 in group 9, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 4.0 kW or less, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is D0 / 8 inches (here, "D0-1 / 8 inches" is the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe when using refrigerant R32), and D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe can be 4.

[0164] In the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 9, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3kW to 10.0kW, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is D0 / 8 inches (here, "D0-1 / 8 inches" is the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe when using refrigerant R32), and D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe can be 5.

[0165] In the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 9, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 15.0kW to 19.0kW, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is D0 / 8 inches (here, "D0-1 / 8 inches" is the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe when using refrigerant R32), and D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe can be 6.

[0166] In the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 9, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 25.0 kW or more, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is D0 / 8 inches (here, "D0-1 / 8 inches" is the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe when using refrigerant R32), and D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe can be 7.

[0167] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 2 in Group 9 is the same as the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 9. The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is greater than 5.6 kW and less than 11.2 kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch). It should be noted that, preferably, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is between 6.3 kW and 10.0 kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch).

[0168] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 3 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 9, wherein it is any of the following: the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is greater than 22.4 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 7 (i.e., the piping diameter is 7 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is greater than 14.0 kW and less than 22.4 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 6 (i.e., the piping diameter is 6 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is greater than 5.6 kW and less than 11.2 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 5 (i.e., the piping diameter is 5 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 4.5 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 4 (i.e., the piping diameter is 1 / 2 inch). It should be noted that the following conditions are preferred: the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 25.0 kW or more, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 7 (i.e., the piping diameter is 7 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 15.0 kW or more and less than 19.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 6 (i.e., the piping diameter is 6 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3 kW or more and less than 10.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 5 (i.e., the piping diameter is 5 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 4.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 4 (i.e., the piping diameter is 1 / 2 inch).

[0169] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 9 has a refrigerant circuit connected to a compressor, a heat exchanger on the heat source side, a pressure reducing unit, a liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe, a utilization-side heat exchanger, and a gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe. The cycle device uses the refrigerant of scheme 1 described later. The outer diameter of both the liquid-side and gas-side refrigerant connecting pipes is D0 / 8 inches, and in the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe, D0 ranges from 2 to 4 inches, while in the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe, D0 ranges from 3 to 8 inches. The outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is the same as that used when refrigerant R410A is used, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is the same as that used when refrigerant R410A is used.

[0170] It should be noted that there are no particular limitations on the pressure reducing unit; it can be an expansion valve or a capillary tube. It should also be noted that, more preferably, in the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping, the range of D0 is "2≤D0≤3", and in the gas-side refrigerant connection piping, the range of D0 is "4≤D0≤7".

[0171] By using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the refrigeration cycle device can suppress the GWP to a sufficiently small level and can suppress the reduction in capacity to a small level.

[0172] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 9, wherein D0 is 2 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 4 inch) in the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe.

[0173] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 6 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 4 in Group 9, wherein the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3kW or more, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch); or, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 6.3kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 2 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 4 inch).

[0174] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 7 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 4 in Group 9, wherein the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.0 kW or more, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 4 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 2 inch); or, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 6.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch).

[0175] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 8 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 4 in Group 9, wherein it is any of the following: the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 25.0 kW or more, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 7 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 7 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 15.0 kW or more and less than 25.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 6 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 6 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3 kW or more and less than 15.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 5 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 5 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 6.3 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 4 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 2 inch).

[0176] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 9 in group 9 has a refrigerant circuit connected to a compressor, a heat exchanger on the heat source side, a pressure reducing unit, a liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe, a utilization-side heat exchanger, and a gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe. The refrigeration cycle device uses the refrigerant of scheme 1 described later. The outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe are both D0 / 8 inches, and in the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe, D0 ranges from "2 ≤ D0 ≤ 4", and in the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe, D0 ranges from "3 ≤ D0 ≤ 8".

[0177] It should be noted that there are no particular limitations on the pressure reducing unit; it can be an expansion valve or a capillary tube. It should also be noted that, more preferably, in the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping, the range of D0 is "2≤D0≤3", and in the gas-side refrigerant connection piping, the range of D0 is "4≤D0≤7".

[0178] By using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the refrigeration cycle device can suppress the GWP to a sufficiently small level and can suppress the reduction in capacity to a small level.

[0179] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 10 in group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 9 in group 9, wherein D0 is 2 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 4 inch) in the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe.

[0180] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 11 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 9 in Group 9, wherein it is any of the following: the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 7.5 kW or more, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 2.5 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 5 / 16 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 2.6 kW or more and less than 7.5 kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 2 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 4 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 2.6 kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 1.5 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 16 inch).

[0181] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 12 in group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 9 in group 9, wherein the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3kW or more, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch); or, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 6.3kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 2 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 4 inch).

[0182] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 13 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 9 in Group 9, wherein it is any of the following: the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 12.5 kW or more, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3 kW or more and less than 12.5 kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 2.5 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 5 / 16 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 6.3 kW, and the D0 of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 2 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 4 inch).

[0183] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 14 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 9 in Group 9, wherein the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.0 kW or more, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 4 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 2 inch); or, the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 6.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch).

[0184] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 15 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 9 in Group 9, wherein it is any of the following: the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.0 kW or more, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 4 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 1 / 2 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 3.2 kW or more and less than 6.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 3 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 3 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 3.2 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 2.5 (i.e., the pipe diameter is 5 / 16 inch).

[0185] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 16 in Group 9 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 9 in Group 9, wherein it is any of the following: the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 25.0 kW or more, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 7 (i.e., the piping diameter is 7 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 15.0 kW or more and less than 25.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 6 (i.e., the piping diameter is 6 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 6.3 kW or more and less than 15.0 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 5 (i.e., the piping diameter is 5 / 8 inch); or, the rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 6.3 kW, and the D0 of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping is 4 (i.e., the piping diameter is 1 / 2 inch).

[0186] (10) Group 10

[0187] In recent years, from an environmental protection perspective, refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) (hereinafter referred to as low GWP refrigerants) have been studied for use in air conditioning systems. Any of the refrigerants in Schemes 1 through 42 described below are promising low GWP refrigerants.

[0188] However, there are few existing technologies that examine improving the efficiency of air conditioners using the aforementioned refrigerants. When considering the application of these refrigerants in air conditioners, the challenge lies in achieving high efficiency.

[0189] The compressor of the first embodiment in Group 10 includes a compression section and an electric motor. The compression section compresses any one of the refrigerants described later in embodiments 1 to 42. The electric motor has a rotor including a permanent magnet and drives the compression section.

[0190] The compressor's electric motor has a rotor including a permanent magnet, making it suitable for a variable-capacity compressor capable of changing the motor's speed. In this case, in an air conditioner using any of the refrigerants described in Schemes 1 to 42 below, the motor speed can be changed according to the air conditioning load, thus achieving high compressor efficiency.

[0191] The compressor of Scheme 2 in Group 10 is the compressor of Scheme 1 in Group 10, wherein the rotor is an embedded magnet type rotor. The permanent magnet of the embedded magnet type rotor is embedded in the rotor.

[0192] The compressor of Scheme 3 in Group 10 is the compressor of Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 in Group 10, wherein the rotor is formed by stacking two or more electromagnetic steel plates in the thickness direction. The thickness of the electromagnetic steel plates is 0.05 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

[0193] Generally, the thinner the plate, the lower the eddy current loss. However, it is difficult to process electromagnetic steel plates with a thickness of less than 0.05 mm. If the plate thickness exceeds 0.5 mm, the silicon infiltration treatment on the steel plate surface and the diffusion treatment for Si distribution optimization will take time. Therefore, the plate thickness is preferably 0.05 to 0.5 mm.

[0194] The compressor of scheme 4 in group 10 is the compressor of scheme 1 or scheme 2 in group 10, wherein the rotor is formed by stacking two or more plate-shaped amorphous metals in the thickness direction.

[0195] This compressor incorporates a high-efficiency electric motor with low iron loss, thus enabling high compressor efficiency.

[0196] The compressor of scheme 5 in group 10 is the compressor of scheme 1 or scheme 2 in group 10, wherein the rotor is formed by stacking two or more electromagnetic steel plates containing more than 5% by mass of silicon in the thickness direction.

[0197] In this compressor, an electromagnetic steel plate containing an appropriate amount of silicon is used to reduce magnetic hysteresis, thereby enabling a motor with low iron loss and high efficiency, thus achieving high compressor efficiency.

[0198] The compressor of scheme 6 in group 10 is any one of schemes 1 to 5 in group 10, wherein the permanent magnet is an Nd-Fe-B magnet.

[0199] This compressor incorporates an electric motor that increases the magnetic energy product, thus enabling high compressor efficiency.

[0200] The compressor of scheme 7 in group 10 is a compressor of any one of schemes 1 to 6 in group 10, wherein the permanent magnet is formed by grain boundary diffusion of heavy rare earth elements.

[0201] In this compressor, the demagnetization resistance of the permanent magnet can be improved, and the holding force of the permanent magnet can be improved with a small amount of heavy rare earth elements, thus enabling the compressor to achieve high efficiency.

[0202] The compressor of scheme 8 in group 10 is the compressor of scheme 6 in group 10, wherein the permanent magnet contains less than 1% by mass of dysprosium.

[0203] In this compressor, the holding force of the permanent magnet is increased, thus enabling the compressor to achieve high efficiency.

[0204] The compressor of scheme 9 in group 10 is any one of schemes 1 to 8 in group 10, wherein the average crystal grain size of the permanent magnet is less than 10 μm.

[0205] In this compressor, the demagnetization resistance of the permanent magnet is improved, thus enabling the compressor to achieve high efficiency.

[0206] The compressor in Scheme 10 of Group 10 is the compressor in Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 of Group 10, wherein the permanent magnet is flat, and two or more permanent magnets are embedded in the rotor in a V-shape. The holding force of the portion located between the valleys of the V-shape is set to be {1 / (4π)}×10 higher than that of other portions. 3 [A / m] and above.

[0207] In this compressor, the demagnetization of the permanent magnet is suppressed, thus enabling the compressor to achieve high efficiency.

[0208] The compressor of Scheme 11 in Group 10 is the compressor of Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 in Group 10, wherein the rotor is formed by stacking two or more high-tensile electromagnetic steel plates with a tensile strength of 400 MPa or more in the thickness direction.

[0209] In this compressor, the durability of the rotor is improved when rotating at high speed, thus enabling the compressor to achieve high efficiency.

[0210] The compressor of scheme 12 in group 10 is the compressor of scheme 11 in group 10, wherein the permanent magnets are formed into a flat plate with a specified thickness. The rotor has a receiving hole, a non-magnetic space, and a bridge. Two or more permanent magnets are embedded in the receiving hole. The non-magnetic space extends from the ends of the permanent magnets housed in the receiving hole to near the surface of the rotor. The bridge is located outside the non-magnetic space and connects the magnetic poles to each other. The thickness of the bridge is 3 mm or more.

[0211] In this compressor, the durability at high speeds is improved, thus enabling the compressor to achieve high efficiency.

[0212] The compressor of Scheme 13 in Group 10 is the compressor of Scheme 1 in Group 10, wherein the rotor is a surface magnet type rotor. The permanent magnets of the surface magnet type rotor are attached to the surface of the rotor.

[0213] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 14 in group 10 is a refrigeration cycle device equipped with any one of the compressors in schemes 1 to 13 of group 10.

[0214] (11) Group 11

[0215] International Publication No. 2015 / 141678 proposes various low-GWP mixed refrigerants that can replace R410A.

[0216] In addition, as a refrigeration cycle device that uses R32 as a refrigerant, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-54888, the following solution has been proposed: In order to improve energy efficiency when using R32 as a refrigerant, the pipe diameter of the heat transfer tubes of the heat exchanger is 7 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

[0217] However, to date, no research has been conducted on the pipe diameter of the heat transfer tubes of the heat exchanger described below, which, when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later as a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP, can reduce pressure loss while keeping the amount of refrigerant held to a small level.

[0218] In view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that, when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, can reduce pressure loss while keeping the amount of refrigerant held to a small level.

[0219] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 11 includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, a heat exchanger on the heat source side, a pressure reducing unit, and a heat exchanger on the utilization side. The refrigerant is sealed in the refrigerant circuit and is the refrigerant of Scheme 1 described later. The heat exchanger on the heat source side has heat transfer tubes with a piping diameter of 6.35 mm or more and less than 10.0 mm.

[0220] It should be noted that there are no special restrictions on the pressure reducing unit; it can be an expansion valve or a capillary tube.

[0221] The refrigeration cycle device, by using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, can suppress the GWP to a sufficiently small level, thereby reducing pressure loss while minimizing the amount of refrigerant held.

[0222] The refrigeration cycle device of the second scheme in Group 11 is the refrigeration cycle device of the first scheme in Group 11, wherein the heat source side heat exchanger has heat transfer tubes with a pipe diameter of any one of 6.35 mm, 7.0 mm, 8.0 mm and 9.5 mm.

[0223] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 3 in Group 11 is the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 in Group 11, wherein the heat source side heat exchanger has heat transfer tubes with a pipe diameter of 7.0 mm or more.

[0224] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 4 in Group 11 includes a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, a heat exchanger on the heat source side, a pressure reducing unit, and a heat exchanger on the utilization side. The refrigerant is sealed in the refrigerant circuit and is the refrigerant of Scheme 1 described later. The heat exchanger on the utilization side has heat transfer tubes with a piping diameter of 4.0 mm or more and less than 10.0 mm.

[0225] The refrigeration cycle device, by using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, can suppress the GWP to a sufficiently small level, thereby reducing pressure loss while minimizing the amount of refrigerant held.

[0226] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 11 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 11, wherein the side heat exchanger has heat transfer tubes with a piping diameter of 8.0 mm or less.

[0227] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 6 in group 11 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 or scheme 5 in group 11, wherein the side heat exchanger has heat transfer tubes with a pipe diameter of any one of 4.0 mm, 5.0 mm, 6.35 mm, 7.0 mm and 8.0 mm.

[0228] (12) Group 12

[0229] In recent years, from an environmental protection perspective, refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) (hereinafter referred to as low GWP refrigerants) have been studied as refrigerants for use in air conditioners. Any one of the refrigerants in Schemes 1 through 42 described below is a promising low GWP refrigerant.

[0230] However, there are few existing technologies that examine improving the efficiency of air conditioners using the aforementioned refrigerants. When considering the application of these refrigerants in air conditioners, the challenge lies in achieving high efficiency.

[0231] The compressor of the first scheme of Group 12 includes: a compression section that compresses any one of the refrigerants in the schemes 1 to 42 described later; and an induction motor that drives the compression section.

[0232] As described above, in the compressor that compresses any of the refrigerants in the following Schemes 1 to 42, by employing an induction motor, high output can be achieved at a lower cost.

[0233] The compressor of the second embodiment in Group 12 is the compressor of the first embodiment in Group 12, wherein the rotor of the induction motor has: two or more conductor rods, which are rod-shaped conductors and are arranged in a ring shape; and end rings that short-circuit the two or more conductor rods at their axial ends. At least the conductor rods are formed of a metal with a lower resistivity than aluminum.

[0234] In this compressor, high output is achieved by suppressing the heating caused by the current flowing through the conductor rod of the induction motor.

[0235] The compressor of Scheme 3 in Group 12 is the compressor of Scheme 1 in Group 12, wherein the rotor of the induction motor has a heat dissipation structure.

[0236] In this compressor, the temperature rise of the induction motor rotor is suppressed, thus enabling high output.

[0237] The compressor of scheme 4 in group 12 is the compressor of scheme 3 in group 12, wherein the rotor of the induction motor has: two or more conductor rods, which are rod-shaped conductors and are arranged in a ring; and an end ring, which short-circuits the two or more conductor rods at their axial ends. A heat dissipation structure is formed in the end ring.

[0238] In this compressor, the heat dissipation structure rotates itself, thus improving heat dissipation. Furthermore, the forced convection generated by the rotation suppresses the rise in ambient temperature, thereby enabling high output.

[0239] The compressor of scheme 5 in group 12 is the compressor of scheme 3 or scheme 4 in group 12, wherein the heat dissipation structure is a radiator.

[0240] In this compressor, the radiator can be integrally molded when forming the end ring of the induction motor, enabling high output at a lower cost.

[0241] The compressor of the sixth scheme of Group 12 is the compressor of the first scheme of Group 12, which also has a cooling structure for cooling the stator of the induction motor by means of refrigerant.

[0242] In this compressor, the induction motor is cooled, thus enabling high output.

[0243] The compressor of scheme 7 in group 12 is the compressor of scheme 6 in group 12, wherein the cooling structure cools the stator by the hot or cold temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit connected to the compressor.

[0244] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 8 in group 12 is a refrigeration cycle device equipped with any one of the compressors in schemes 1 to 7 of group 12.

[0245] (13) Group 13

[0246] In recent years, from an environmental protection perspective, refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) (hereinafter referred to as low GWP refrigerants) have been studied as refrigerants used in air conditioners. The refrigerant in Scheme 1, described later, is a promising low GWP refrigerant.

[0247] However, there are few existing technologies that examine improving the efficiency of air conditioners using the aforementioned refrigerants. When considering the application of these refrigerants in air conditioners, the challenge lies in achieving high efficiency.

[0248] The air conditioner of Scheme 1 in Group 13 comprises: a compressor that compresses any one of the refrigerants described in Schemes 1 to 42 below; an electric motor that drives the compressor; and a power conversion device. The power conversion device is connected between an AC power source and the electric motor, and has a switching element that controls the switching element to make the output of the electric motor reach a target value.

[0249] In air conditioners using any of the refrigerants in Schemes 1 to 42 described below, the motor speed of the compressor can be changed according to the air conditioning load, thus achieving high annual performance factor (APF).

[0250] The air conditioner in Scheme 2 of Group 13 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 of Group 13, wherein the power conversion device includes a rectifier circuit and a capacitor. The rectifier circuit rectifies the AC voltage of the AC power supply. The capacitor is connected in parallel to the output side of the rectifier circuit to smooth the voltage fluctuations caused by the switching of the power conversion device.

[0251] In this air conditioner, no electrolytic capacitor is required on the output side of the rectifier circuit, thus suppressing the increase in circuit size and cost.

[0252] The air conditioner in Scheme 3 of Group 13 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 of Group 13, wherein the AC power supply is single-phase.

[0253] The air conditioner in Scheme 4 of Group 13 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 of Group 13, wherein the AC power supply is a three-phase power supply.

[0254] The air conditioner in Scheme 5 of Group 13 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 of Group 13, wherein the power conversion device is an indirect matrix converter including a converter and an inverter. The converter converts the AC voltage of the AC power supply to DC voltage. The inverter converts the DC voltage to AC voltage and supplies it to the motor.

[0255] This air conditioner is highly efficient and does not require electrolytic capacitors on the output side of the rectifier circuit, thus suppressing the large size and high cost of the circuit.

[0256] The air conditioner of scheme 6 in group 13 is the air conditioner of scheme 1 in group 13, wherein the power conversion device is a matrix converter that directly converts the AC voltage of the AC power supply into an AC voltage of a specified frequency and supplies it to the motor.

[0257] This air conditioner is highly efficient and does not require electrolytic capacitors on the output side of the rectifier circuit, thus suppressing the large size and high cost of the circuit.

[0258] The air conditioner of scheme 7 in group 13 is the air conditioner of scheme 1 in group 13, wherein the compressor is any one of scroll compressor, rotary compressor, turbo compressor and screw compressor.

[0259] The air conditioner of Scheme 8 in Group 13 is any one of Schemes 1 to 7 in Group 13, wherein the motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor having a rotor including a permanent magnet.

[0260] (14) Group 14

[0261] In recent years, from an environmental protection perspective, refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) (hereinafter referred to as low GWP refrigerants) have been studied as refrigerants used in air conditioners. The mixed refrigerant of Scheme 1 described later is effective as a low GWP refrigerant.

[0262] However, there are few existing technologies that examine the efficiency of air conditioners using the aforementioned refrigerant. For example, in the case of applying the aforementioned refrigerant to an air conditioner like the one described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-124848), the challenge is how to achieve high efficiency.

[0263] The air conditioner of the first scheme of Group 14 includes: a compressor that compresses any one of the refrigerants in the schemes 1 to 42 described below; an electric motor that drives the compressor; and a connection that supplies power from an AC power source to the electric motor without frequency conversion.

[0264] In an air conditioner using any of the refrigerants in Schemes 1 to 42 described below, the compressor can be driven without a power conversion device between the AC power supply and the motor, thus providing an environmentally friendly air conditioner with a relatively inexpensive configuration.

[0265] The air conditioner of the second scheme in Group 14 is the air conditioner of the first scheme in Group 14, wherein the connecting part directly applies an AC voltage of AC power supply between at least two terminals of the motor.

[0266] The air conditioner in Scheme 3 of Group 14 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 of Group 14, wherein the AC power supply is a single-phase current source.

[0267] The air conditioner of scheme 4 in group 14 is any one of schemes 1 to 3 in group 14, wherein the working circuit is connected in series to one terminal of the motor.

[0268] The air conditioner of scheme 5 in group 14 is the air conditioner of scheme 4 in group 14, wherein the working circuit is a circuit in which a positive characteristic thermistor and a running capacitor are connected in parallel.

[0269] In an air conditioner using any of the refrigerants in Schemes 1 to 42 described below, after the compressor starts working, the positive characteristic thermistor heats up and its resistance increases, essentially switching to an operating circuit generated by the running capacitor. Therefore, the compressor becomes capable of outputting rated torque in a timely manner.

[0270] The air conditioner in Scheme 6 of Group 14 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 of Group 14, wherein the AC power supply is a three-phase power supply.

[0271] This air conditioner does not require a working circuit, so it is relatively inexpensive.

[0272] The air conditioner in Scheme 7 of Group 14 is any one of Schemes 1 to 6 of Group 14, wherein the motor is an induction motor.

[0273] In this air conditioner, the high efficiency of the air conditioner can be achieved because the electric motor can achieve high output at a low cost.

[0274] (15) Group 15

[0275] Hot water production devices that generate hot water using boilers and electric heaters have long been widely used. Additionally, there are also hot water production devices that use heat pump units as the heat source.

[0276] Existing hot water production systems that employ heat pump units typically use carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. However, there is a desire to produce hot water more efficiently than existing systems.

[0277] The hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment in Group 15 uses the refrigerant of the first embodiment described later as the refrigerant. This hot water generating apparatus includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger on the heat source side, an expansion mechanism, and a second heat exchanger on the utilization side. The second heat exchanger heats the first water by exchanging heat between the mixed refrigerant flowing inside it and the first water.

[0278] This hot water production device does not use carbon dioxide, which is commonly used in the past, but instead uses the aforementioned mixed refrigerant. This allows for the efficient production of hot water.

[0279] The hot water generating apparatus of the second embodiment in Group 15 is the same as the hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment in Group 15, and further includes a tank and a circulation path. The circulation path circulates the first water between the tank and the second heat exchanger.

[0280] The hot water generating apparatus of the third embodiment in Group 15 is the same as the hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment in Group 15, and further includes a first circulation path, a second circulation path, a third heat exchanger, and a tank. The first circulation path circulates first water heated by the second heat exchanger. The second circulation path is a different circulation path from the first circulation path. The third heat exchanger heats the second water flowing in the second circulation path by exchanging heat between the first water flowing in the first circulation path and the second water flowing in the second circulation path. The tank stores the second water heated by the third heat exchanger.

[0281] The hot water generating apparatus of the fourth embodiment of Group 15 is the same as the hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment of Group 15, and further includes a first circulation path and a tank. The first circulation path circulates first water heated by the second heat exchanger. A portion of the first circulation path is disposed in the tank, so that the first water flowing in the first circulation path exchanges heat with the second water in the tank, thereby heating the second water in the tank.

[0282] The hot water generating apparatus of the fifth embodiment of Group 15 is the same as the hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment of Group 15, and further includes: a tank, a first circulation path, a third heat exchanger, a second circulation path, and a third flow path. The first circulation path circulates first water between the second heat exchanger and the tank. The second circulation path circulates first water between the third heat exchanger and the tank. The third flow path is a flow path different from the first and second circulation paths. The third heat exchanger heats the first water flowing out of the tank and the third water flowing in the third flow path by exchanging heat with the third water flowing in the third flow path.

[0283] The hot water generating apparatus of the sixth embodiment of Group 15 is the same as the hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment of Group 15, and further includes: a tank, a first circulation path, and a second flow path. The first circulation path circulates first water between the tank and a second heat exchanger. The second flow path is a different flow path from the first circulation path. A portion of the second flow path is disposed in the tank, allowing heat exchange between the first water in the tank and the second water flowing in the second flow path, thereby heating the second water flowing in the second flow path.

[0284] The hot water generating apparatus of the seventh embodiment in Group 15 is the same as the hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment in Group 15, and further includes: a tank for storing first water; and a flow path through which second water flows. A portion of the flow path is disposed in the tank. A second heat exchanger heats the first water stored in the tank. The first water stored in the tank heats the second water flowing in the flow path.

[0285] The hot water generating apparatus of the eighth embodiment of Group 15 is the hot water generating apparatus of the first embodiment of Group 15, which further includes: a tank; and a flow path for the first water to flow from a water supply source to the tank. A second heat exchanger heats the first water flowing in the flow path.

[0286] The hot water generating apparatus of scheme 9 in group 15 is a hot water generating apparatus of any one of schemes 1 to 8 in group 15, wherein it further includes a fourth heat exchanger on the utilization side and a fourth circulation path. The fourth heat exchanger is a heat exchanger different from the second heat exchanger. A fourth type of water for cooling or heating flows in the fourth circulation path. The fourth heat exchanger allows heat exchange between the mixed refrigerant flowing inside it and the fourth type of water flowing in the fourth circulation path, thereby cooling or heating the fourth type of water.

[0287] (16) Group 16

[0288] For a long time, as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-256358, there have been refrigeration cycle devices equipped with heat exchangers. In such refrigeration cycle devices, the heat exchangers sometimes use copper tubes for heat transfer.

[0289] However, heat exchangers using copper tubes are expensive.

[0290] Thus, in refrigeration cycle devices equipped with heat exchangers, there is an issue of reducing material costs.

[0291] The refrigeration cycle apparatus of the first embodiment of Group 16 comprises: a refrigerant of the first embodiment described later; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a condenser that condenses the refrigerant. At least one of the evaporator and the condenser is a heat exchanger having two or more fins made of aluminum or aluminum alloy and two or more heat transfer tubes made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the heat transfer tubes and the fluid flowing along the fins. The refrigeration cycle apparatus is configured such that the refrigerant circulates in the evaporator and the condenser to repeatedly perform a refrigeration cycle.

[0292] In this refrigeration cycle device, there are two or more fins made of aluminum or aluminum alloy and two or more heat transfer tubes made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. Therefore, compared with the case where copper tubes are used for heat transfer tubes, the material cost of the heat exchanger can be reduced.

[0293] The refrigeration cycle device of the second scheme of Group 16 is the refrigeration cycle device of the first scheme of Group 16, wherein two or more fins each have two or more holes, two or more heat transfer tubes penetrate the two or more holes of the two or more fins, and the outer periphery of the two or more heat transfer tubes is sealed to the inner periphery of the two or more holes.

[0294] The refrigeration cycle device of the third scheme of Group 16 is the refrigeration cycle device of the first scheme of Group 16, wherein the two or more heat transfer tubes are two or more flat tubes, and the planar portions of the adjacent flat tubes are arranged to face each other.

[0295] The refrigeration cycle device of the fourth scheme of Group 16 is the refrigeration cycle device of the third scheme of Group 16, wherein two or more fins are each bent into a wave shape and arranged between the planar portions of adjacent flat tubes, and connected to the planar portions to transfer heat to them.

[0296] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 16 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 3 in group 16, wherein two or more fins each have two or more notches, and two or more flat tubes are inserted into the two or more notches of the two or more fins and connected to transfer heat to the two or more fins.

[0297] (17) Group 17

[0298] Multi-split air conditioning units have long been known as air conditioning devices that can regulate the air in two or more rooms using a single unit.

[0299] A multi-split air conditioning system includes a first indoor unit and a second indoor unit located in different rooms. In such an air conditioning system, the amount of refrigerant filled in the system is increased in order to circulate the refrigerant between the first and second indoor units.

[0300] In air conditioning systems that regulate the air in two or more rooms, there is a problem of reducing the amount of refrigerant supplied to the system.

[0301] The air conditioning unit of the first embodiment in Group 17 includes: a compressor; a utilization-side heat exchanger for exchanging heat with first air; a heat source-side heat exchanger for exchanging heat with second air; a refrigerant of the first embodiment described below, which circulates repeatedly in the compressor, the utilization-side heat exchanger, and the heat source-side heat exchanger to perform a cooling cycle; a first duct that supplies the first air to two or more rooms in the room; and a housing having a utilization-side space connected to the first duct and housing the utilization-side heat exchanger, and configured to deliver the first air, after heat exchange with the refrigerant in the utilization-side heat exchanger, to the first duct.

[0302] In this air conditioning unit, compared with an air conditioning unit that has two or more indoor units in two or more rooms, there are fewer indoor heat exchangers, thus reducing the amount of refrigerant required to fill the air conditioning unit.

[0303] The air conditioning unit of the second embodiment of Group 17 is the air conditioning unit of the first embodiment of Group 17, wherein the air conditioning unit includes: a second duct that introduces the first air from the room; a utilization side unit having the housing and configured to connect the housing to the second duct and guide the first air introduced from the room to the utilization side heat exchanger; and a heat source side unit that houses the heat source side heat exchanger and is separate from the utilization side unit.

[0304] In this air conditioning unit, the utilization side unit and the heat source side unit are separate, thus making the installation of the air conditioning unit easier.

[0305] The air conditioning unit of the third embodiment of Group 17 is the air conditioning unit of the first embodiment of Group 17, wherein the air conditioning unit includes: a third duct that introduces the first air from the outside; a utilization side unit that has the housing and is configured to connect the housing to the third duct and guide the first air introduced from the outside to the utilization side heat exchanger; and a heat source side unit that houses the heat source side heat exchanger and is separate from the utilization side unit.

[0306] In this air conditioning unit, the utilization side unit and the heat source side unit are separate, thus making the installation of the air conditioning unit easier.

[0307] The air conditioning unit of the fourth scheme of Group 17 is the air conditioning unit of the first scheme of Group 17. The air conditioning unit has a second pipe connected to the housing, which supplies the first air introduced from the room to the utilization space. The housing has a partition plate that separates the heat source side space through which the second air introduced from the outside passes from the utilization space, thereby blocking the air flow between the heat source side space and the utilization space. The heat source side heat exchanger is disposed in the heat source side space.

[0308] In this air conditioning unit, the utilization side heat exchanger and the heat source side heat exchanger are housed in the same housing and separated by a partition plate in the utilization side space and the heat source side space, thus making it easy to install the air conditioning unit in a limited space.

[0309] (18) Group 18

[0310] In a refrigeration cycle using a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture, if the refrigerant is evaporated at a certain pressure in the heat exchanger on the heat source side, the heat exchange capacity cannot be fully utilized.

[0311] The refrigeration cycle of Scheme 1 in Group 18 is a refrigeration cycle using the refrigerant of Scheme 1 described later, and it includes a compressor, a heat source-side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, a utilization-side heat exchanger, and a pressure-reducing mechanism. The pressure-reducing mechanism reduces the pressure of the mixed refrigerant flowing in the heat source-side heat exchanger, which functions as an evaporator, between the inlet and outlet of the heat source-side heat exchanger.

[0312] Here, as the refrigerant evaporates in the heat exchanger on the heat source side, a pressure-reducing mechanism lowers the refrigerant pressure along the way. This reduces the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger on the heat source side, which occurs when the refrigerant evaporates at a certain pressure. As a result, heat exchange capacity is ensured, and the performance of the refrigeration cycle is improved.

[0313] The refrigeration cycle of Scheme 2 in Group 18 is the same as that of Scheme 1 in Group 18, wherein the pressure reducing mechanism reduces the pressure of the mixed refrigerant flowing in the heat exchanger on the heat source side according to the temperature gradient of the mixed refrigerant.

[0314] The refrigeration cycle of scheme 3 in group 18 is the refrigeration cycle of scheme 1 or scheme 2 in group 18, wherein the heat source side heat exchanger has a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section. A pressure reducing mechanism is disposed between the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section.

[0315] The refrigeration cycle of scheme 4 in group 18 is any one of schemes 1 to 4 in group 18, wherein a utilization-side heat exchanger is disposed in the utilization unit. The utilization-side heat exchanger has a third heat exchange section located on the front side of the utilization unit and a fourth heat exchange section located on the rear side of the utilization unit. The upper part of the fourth heat exchange section is located near the upper part of the third heat exchange section. The third heat exchange section extends obliquely downward from its upper part toward the front side of the utilization unit. The fourth heat exchange section extends obliquely downward from its upper part toward the rear side of the utilization unit. The volume of the refrigerant circuit of the third heat exchange section is larger than the volume of the refrigerant circuit of the fourth heat exchange section.

[0316] Here, compared to the fourth heat exchange section, the refrigerant circuit of the third heat exchange section, located at the front of the utilization unit, has a larger volume. Therefore, at the front of the utilization unit, where the air velocity through the heat exchange section tends to be high, the third heat exchange section, with its larger refrigerant circuit volume, performs a greater amount of heat exchange between the mixed refrigerant and the air.

[0317] (19) Group 19

[0318] The control circuit of an air conditioner includes a heat-generating inverter circuit, etc. Therefore, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 62-69066, cooling of the control circuit is performed.

[0319] If any of the refrigerants described in Schemes 1 through 42 (described later) is used in an air conditioner, its efficiency is lower compared to R32 refrigerant. Therefore, in air conditioners using any of these refrigerants, the compressor's power consumption increases, and the heat generated in the inverter circuit and other control circuits increases. Therefore, cooling of the control circuits is necessary.

[0320] The air conditioner of the first embodiment in Group 19 includes a printed circuit board and a refrigerant jacket. A power element is mounted on the printed circuit board. The power element is thermally connected to the refrigerant jacket. Refrigerant flows through the refrigerant jacket. The power element is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant jacket. The refrigerant is any one of the refrigerants described later in Embodiments 1 to 42.

[0321] The air conditioner of Scheme 2 in Group 19 is the same as the air conditioner of Scheme 1 in Group 19, but it further includes a refrigerant circuit for refrigeration. The refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant jacket circulates in the refrigerant circuit.

[0322] The air conditioner of Scheme 3 in Group 19 is the same as the air conditioner of Scheme 1 in Group 19, but it further includes a refrigerant circuit for performing a refrigeration cycle. The refrigerant jacket has a pipe for sealing in the refrigerant. The pipe does not exchange refrigerant with the refrigerant circuit.

[0323] (20) Group 20

[0324] With increased awareness of environmental protection in recent years, there is a need for air conditioners using refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP). At this point, it is desirable for air conditioners to maintain comfort while also performing dehumidification.

[0325] The air conditioner of Scheme 1 in Group 20 includes a refrigerant circuit, which connects in a loop the compressor, outdoor heat exchanger, pressure reducer, first indoor heat exchanger, dehumidification pressure reducing device, and second indoor heat exchanger. The air conditioner operates with the pressure reducer in the open state and uses the dehumidification pressure reducing device for dehumidification. The air conditioner uses any of the refrigerants described in Schemes 1 through 42 below as the refrigerant.

[0326] The air conditioner of scheme 2 in group 20 is the air conditioner of scheme 1 in group 20, wherein the dehumidification pressure reducing device is configured between the first indoor heat exchanger and the second indoor heat exchanger.

[0327] The air conditioner in Scheme 3 of Group 20 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 of Group 20, wherein the dehumidification pressure reducing device is a solenoid valve.

[0328] The air conditioner in Scheme 4 of Group 20 is the same as the air conditioner in Scheme 1 or Scheme 2 of Group 20, wherein the dehumidification pressure reducing device is an expansion valve.

[0329] (21) Group 21

[0330] Various developments have been undertaken to develop air conditioners with dehumidification functions. For example, there are air conditioners that divide the indoor heat exchanger into two heat exchangers and connect these two heat exchangers in series. During dehumidification, the refrigerant in one heat exchanger is condensed, while the refrigerant in the other heat exchanger is evaporated.

[0331] However, the mechanism for controlling the flow of refrigerant between the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers in this type of air conditioner is complex.

[0332] There is a challenge in simplifying the refrigerant circuit configuration of this type of air conditioner with dehumidification function.

[0333] The air conditioner of the first scheme of Group 21 includes a refrigerant and a refrigerant circuit as described later in the first scheme. The refrigerant circuit has a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, a first heat exchanger for evaporating the refrigerant in an evaporation zone, a pressure reducing section for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant, and a second heat exchanger for condensing the refrigerant. The air conditioning mechanism is configured to switch between a first operation and a second operation. In the first operation, air that has undergone heat exchange in the first heat exchanger, where the entire first heat exchanger is the evaporation zone, is blown into the room. In the second operation, air that has undergone heat exchange in the first heat exchanger, where only a part of the first heat exchanger is the evaporation zone, is blown into the room.

[0334] This air conditioner can dehumidify by evaporating the refrigerant in the evaporation zone and has a simplified refrigerant circuit.

[0335] The air conditioner of the second scheme in Group 21 is the same as the air conditioner of the first scheme in Group 21. The first heat exchanger is an auxiliary heat exchanger, and a main heat exchanger is located below the auxiliary heat exchanger. This air conditioning mechanism switches between first operation and second operation. In the first operation, the entire auxiliary heat exchanger is used as the evaporation area and the air that has undergone heat exchange in the auxiliary heat exchanger and the main heat exchanger is blown into the room. In the second operation, only a part of the first heat exchanger is used as the evaporation area and the air that has undergone heat exchange in the auxiliary heat exchanger and the main heat exchanger is blown into the room.

[0336] This air conditioner can suppress the deterioration of COP used for dehumidification during cooling operation.

[0337] The air conditioner of the third scheme in Group 21 is the air conditioner of the first or second scheme in Group 21. It is configured to switch from the first operation to the second operation according to the load in the dehumidification operation mode used for dehumidifying the room.

[0338] For this air conditioner, when the dehumidification operation mode is selected and the load is high, even in the first operation, the temperature of the first heat exchanger is low, thus enabling sufficient dehumidification. Therefore, by starting the first operation, dehumidification and cooling can be performed efficiently simultaneously. Furthermore, if the indoor temperature decreases and the load decreases, the evaporation temperature rises during the first operation, making dehumidification impossible. Therefore, at this point, it switches to the second operation. This helps to suppress the deterioration of the COP used for dehumidification operation.

[0339] The air conditioner of scheme 4 in group 21 is the air conditioner of scheme 3 in group 21, wherein the load is detected based on the difference between the set temperature and the indoor air temperature where heat exchange occurs in the first heat exchanger.

[0340] The air conditioner in Scheme 5 of Group 21 is the air conditioner in Scheme 3 or Scheme 4 of Group 21, wherein the load is detected based on the compressor frequency.

[0341] The air conditioner of Scheme 6 in Group 21 is any one of Schemes 1 to 5 in Group 21. Its configuration is such that, in the dehumidification operation mode for dehumidifying the room, even if the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger is lower than the specified temperature, it does not switch from the first operation to the second operation and performs the first operation.

[0342] For this air conditioner, when the load is reduced to below the specified value, dehumidification can be performed even without switching from the first operation to the second operation because the evaporation temperature is below the specified value.

[0343] The air conditioner of scheme 7 in group 21 is any one of schemes 1 to 6 in group 21, wherein, in the second operation, the part other than a part of the first heat exchanger is a superheated area where the refrigerant reaches above the evaporation temperature.

[0344] (22) Group 22

[0345] The configuration of refrigerant circuits that achieve efficient operation using refrigerants with low global warming potential has not yet been fully proposed.

[0346] The refrigeration cycle apparatus of the first embodiment in Group 22 includes a refrigerant circuit comprising a compressor, a heat source-side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, and a utilization-side heat exchanger. The refrigerant of the first embodiment described later is sealed in the refrigerant circuit. At least during specified operation, the flow of the refrigerant in at least one of the heat source-side heat exchanger and the utilization-side heat exchanger, and the flow of the heat medium exchanging heat with the refrigerant, are counter-current.

[0347] In the refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 1 in Group 22, the refrigerant of Scheme 1 (described later) with a low global warming potential is used to achieve efficient operation of the heat exchanger.

[0348] The refrigeration cycle device of the second scheme of Group 22 is the refrigeration cycle device of the first scheme of Group 22. In the operation of the refrigeration cycle device using the heat source side heat exchanger as the evaporator, the flow of refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

[0349] The refrigeration cycle device of the third scheme in Group 22 is the refrigeration cycle device of the first or second scheme in Group 22. In the operation of the refrigeration cycle device using the heat source side heat exchanger as the condenser, the flow of refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

[0350] Even when using a refrigerant where it is difficult to obtain a temperature difference between the refrigerant and the heat medium at the outlet side of the condenser due to temperature slip, it is relatively easy to ensure a temperature difference from the inlet to the outlet of the condenser, thus enabling efficient operation of the refrigeration cycle device.

[0351] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 22 is any one of schemes 1 to 3 in group 22. When the refrigeration cycle device using the side heat exchanger as the evaporator is in operation, the flow of refrigerant in the side heat exchanger and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

[0352] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 22 is any one of schemes 1 to 4 in group 22. When the refrigeration cycle device using the side heat exchanger as the condenser is in operation, the flow of refrigerant in the side heat exchanger and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

[0353] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 6 in group 22 is any one of schemes 1 to 5 in group 22, wherein the heat medium is air.

[0354] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 7 in group 22 is any one of schemes 1 to 5 in group 22, wherein the heat medium is a liquid.

[0355] (23) Group 23

[0356] In refrigeration cycle devices using the refrigerant of the first scheme described below as a refrigerant with a sufficiently small GWP, in order to suppress pressure loss, the outer diameter of the refrigerant connecting pipes on the liquid side and the refrigerant connecting pipes on the gas side is increased, which may lead to increased costs.

[0357] In view of the above aspects, the object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that, when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, suppresses the increase in cost.

[0358] The refrigeration cycle device of the first scheme in Group 23 is a refrigeration cycle device with a refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit is connected to a compressor, a heat exchanger on the heat source side, a pressure reducing unit, a liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe, a utilization-side heat exchanger, and a gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe. The refrigeration cycle device uses the refrigerant of the first scheme described later. The liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe and the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe are made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

[0359] In this refrigeration cycle device, when using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, even if the diameters of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe and the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe are increased in order to suppress pressure loss, the increase in cost can be suppressed by using pipes made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

[0360] The refrigeration cycle device of the second embodiment in Group 23 is the same as the refrigeration cycle device of the first embodiment in Group 23. In this embodiment, the wall thickness of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is greater than or equal to the wall thickness of the copper or copper alloy liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe used in a refrigeration cycle device with the same rated refrigeration capacity as the aforementioned refrigeration cycle device. Furthermore, the wall thickness of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is greater than or equal to the wall thickness of the copper or copper alloy gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe used in a refrigeration cycle device with the same rated refrigeration capacity as the aforementioned refrigeration cycle device.

[0361] The refrigeration cycle device of the third embodiment in Group 23 is the refrigeration cycle device of the first embodiment in Group 23, wherein the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the copper or copper alloy liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe used in a refrigeration cycle device with the same rated cooling capacity as the aforementioned refrigeration cycle device. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the copper or copper alloy gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe used in a refrigeration cycle device with the same rated cooling capacity as the aforementioned refrigeration cycle device.

[0362] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 4 in group 23 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 3 in group 23, wherein the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is the same as the outer diameter of the copper or copper alloy liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe used in refrigeration cycle devices with the same rated refrigeration capacity as the above-mentioned refrigeration cycle devices.

[0363] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 5 in group 23 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 3 in group 23, wherein the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe ranges from 6.4 mm to 12.7 mm. Additionally, the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe ranges from 12.7 mm to 25.4 mm.

[0364] The refrigeration cycle device of the sixth scheme in Group 23 is the refrigeration cycle device of the fifth scheme in Group 23, wherein the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 8.5kW to 10.0kW and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 19.1mm.

[0365] The refrigeration cycle device of the 7th scheme in Group 23 is the refrigeration cycle device of the 5th scheme in Group 23, wherein the rated refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is more than 25.0 kW and less than 28 kW, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 25.4 mm.

[0366] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 8 in group 23 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 1 in group 23, wherein it is any of the following cases:

[0367] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle unit is 25.0 kW or more, and the outer diameter of the aforementioned gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 25.4 mm; or,

[0368] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle unit is 19.0 kW or more and less than 25.0 kW, and the outer diameter of the aforementioned gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 22.2 mm; or,

[0369] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle unit is between 8.5kW and 19.0kW, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 19.1mm; or,

[0370] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is 5.0kW or more and less than 8.5kW, and the outer diameter of the aforementioned gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 15.9mm; or,

[0371] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle device is less than 5.0kW, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 12.7mm.

[0372] The refrigeration cycle device of scheme 9 in group 23 is the refrigeration cycle device of scheme 1 in group 23, wherein it is any of the following cases:

[0373] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle unit is 19.0 kW or more, and the outer diameter of the aforementioned liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 12.7 mm; or,

[0374] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle unit is 5.0kW or more but less than 19.0kW, and the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 9.5mm; or,

[0375] The rated cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle unit is less than 5.0kW, and the outer diameter of the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe is 6.4mm.

[0376] The refrigeration cycle device of Scheme 10 in Group 23 is any one of Schemes 1 to 9 in Group 23, wherein the materials used in the liquid-side refrigerant connecting pipe and the gas-side refrigerant connecting pipe are any one of A3003TD, A3003TDS-O, A3005TDS-O and A6063TDS-T84 specified in Japanese Industrial Standard "JIS H 4080".

[0377] (24) Group 24

[0378] In refrigeration cycles using refrigerants with low global warming potential, no adequate solutions have yet been proposed for achieving load balancing of electricity.

[0379] The heat storage device of the first embodiment in Group 24 includes a heat storage tank and a heat storage heat exchanger. A heat storage medium is stored in the heat storage tank. The heat storage heat exchanger is immersed in the heat storage medium in the heat storage tank. The heat storage heat exchanger is connected to a refrigerant supply device. The heat storage heat exchanger cools the heat storage medium using the refrigerant of the first embodiment (described later) supplied by the refrigerant supply device.

[0380] In the heat storage device of the first scheme of Group 24, the heat storage medium is cooled by the refrigerant of the first scheme (described later) supplied by the refrigerant supply device with a low global warming potential, and the heat and cold are stored in the heat storage tank, thereby contributing to the balancing of the power load.

[0381] (25) Group 25

[0382] Existing refrigeration devices include those with a refrigeration cycle on a high-temperature side (primary side) and a refrigeration cycle on a low-temperature side (secondary side). For example, there is a binary refrigeration device in which the refrigerant used in the high-temperature side refrigeration cycle is HFC refrigerant (R410A, R32, etc.), HFO refrigerant, etc., while the refrigerant used in the low-temperature side refrigeration cycle is carbon dioxide refrigerant.

[0383] In refrigeration devices such as binary refrigeration units, which combine two cycles, more efficient operation is required.

[0384] The refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment in Group 25 includes a first cycle and a second cycle. The first cycle connects a first compressor, a first radiator, a first expansion mechanism, and a first absorber. In the first cycle, a first refrigerant circulates. The second cycle connects a second radiator and a second absorber. In the second cycle, a second refrigerant circulates. The first absorber and the second radiator are heat exchangers. This heat exchanger allows heat exchange between the first refrigerant flowing in the first absorber and the second refrigerant flowing in the second radiator. At least one of the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant is the refrigerant of the first embodiment described later.

[0385] Here, by using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the efficiency of heat exchange in the heat exchanger can be improved.

[0386] The refrigeration device of the second embodiment in Group 25 includes a first cycle and a second cycle. The first cycle connects a first compressor, a first radiator, a first expansion mechanism, and a first absorber. In the first cycle, a first refrigerant circulates. The second cycle connects a second radiator and a second absorber. In the second cycle, a second refrigerant circulates. The first radiator and the second absorber are heat exchangers. This heat exchanger allows heat exchange between the first refrigerant flowing in the first radiator and the second refrigerant flowing in the second absorber. At least one of the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant is the refrigerant of the first embodiment described later.

[0387] Here, by using the refrigerant of the first scheme described later, the efficiency of heat exchange in the heat exchanger can be improved.

[0388] The refrigeration device of scheme 3 in group 25 is the refrigeration device of scheme 1 in group 25, wherein the second cycle is a cycle further connected to the second compressor and the second expansion mechanism. The first refrigerant flowing in the first radiator of the first cycle releases heat to the external gas. The first refrigerant is the aforementioned mixed refrigerant. The second refrigerant is carbon dioxide.

[0389] The refrigeration device of scheme 4 in group 25 is the refrigeration device of scheme 1 in group 25, wherein the second cycle is a cycle further connected to the second compressor and the second expansion mechanism. The first refrigerant flowing in the first radiator of the first cycle releases heat to the external gas. The first refrigerant is the aforementioned mixed refrigerant. The second refrigerant is the aforementioned mixed refrigerant.

[0390] The refrigeration device of scheme 5 in group 25 is the refrigeration device of scheme 1 in group 25, wherein the second cycle is a cycle further connected to the second compressor and the second expansion mechanism. The first refrigerant flowing in the first radiator of the first cycle releases heat to the external gas. The first refrigerant is R32. The second refrigerant is the above-mentioned mixed refrigerant.

[0391] The refrigeration device of the sixth scheme in Group 25 is the refrigeration device of the first scheme in Group 25, wherein the first refrigerant flowing in the first radiator of the first cycle releases heat to the external gas. The first refrigerant is the aforementioned mixed refrigerant. The second refrigerant is a liquid medium.

[0392] The refrigeration device of scheme 7 in group 25 is the refrigeration device of scheme 2 in group 25, wherein the second cycle is a cycle further connected to the second compressor and the second expansion mechanism. The first refrigerant flowing in the first absorber of the first cycle absorbs heat from the external gas. The first refrigerant is the aforementioned mixed refrigerant. The second refrigerant is a refrigerant whose saturation pressure at a specified temperature is lower than that of the mixed refrigerant.

[0393] (26) Details of the refrigerants in each of the above groups

[0394] The refrigerants in Scheme 1 are used as refrigerants in Groups 1 through 25 above. The refrigerants in Scheme 1 are the following: Refrigerant X, Refrigerant Y, Refrigerant A, Refrigerant B, Refrigerant C, Refrigerant D, or Refrigerant E.

[0395] The first refrigerant X contains CO2, trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propylene (R1234yf).

[0396] The second refrigerant Y contains cis-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(Z)) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf).

[0397] The third refrigerant A contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf).

[0398] The fourth refrigerant B includes HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf.

[0399] The fifth refrigerant C includes HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0400] The sixth refrigerant D includes at least one of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and 1,1-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132a) and tetrafluoroethylene (FO-1114).

[0401] Refrigerant E (7) comprises difluoromethane (R32), carbon dioxide (CO2), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (R1234yf).

[0402] Preferably, the above-mentioned groups 1 to 25 each use any one of the following schemes 2 to 42 as the refrigerant.

[0403] (26-1) First refrigerant X

[0404] The refrigerant in the second scheme is refrigerant X.

[0405] It contains CO2, as well as trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propylene (R1234yf).

[0406] When the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in the three-component composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%,

[0407] When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, B”D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI) or on the above line segments. The 7 points are:

[0408] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0409] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0410] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[0411] Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w)

[0412] Point B”(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5)

[0413] Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683)

[0414] Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683)

[0415] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, B”D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI) or on the above line segments. The 7 points are:

[0416] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, B”D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI) or on the above line segments. The 7 points are:

[0417] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0418] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0419] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[0420] Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w)

[0421] Point B”(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w)

[0422] Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789)

[0423] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553)

[0424] Within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, as well as the straight lines LB", B"D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B"D and CI),

[0425] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the

[0426] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0427] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0428] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[0429] Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w)

[0430] Point B"(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w)

[0431] Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9)

[0432] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7)

[0433] Within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, as well as the straight lines LB", B"D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B"D and CI), and

[0434] The curve IJ is represented by

[0435] Coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w)

[0436] as shown,

[0437] The curve JK is represented by

[0438] coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 + 0.2222x + 32.324 - w)

[0439] as shown

[0440] The curve KL is represented by

[0441] coordinates (x, 0.0049x 2 -0.8842x + 61.488, -0.0049x 2 -0.1158x + 38.512)

[0442] shown by

[0443] The refrigerant for the third embodiment is refrigerant X,

[0444] which contains CO2, and trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

[0445] When the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set to w, x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%,

[0446] When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure surrounded by

[0447] point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0448] point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0449] point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[0450] point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997)

[0451] point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683)

[0452] the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 5 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0453] When 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0454] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0455] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0456] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[0457] Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5)

[0458] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[0459] When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0460] When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0461] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0462] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0463] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[0464] Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4)

[0465] Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789)

[0466] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[0467] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0468] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0469] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0470] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0471] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[0472] Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4)

[0473] Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9)

[0474] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7)

[0475] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 6 points respectively, as well as the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and, the curve IJ is represented by

[0476] Coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w)

[0477] as shown,

[0478] The curve JK is represented by

[0479] Coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 +0.2222x + 32.324 - w)

[0480] as shown.

[0481] The refrigerant of the fourth solution is refrigerant X,

[0482] which contains CO2, as well as R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf,

[0483] When the mass percentages of CO2, as well as R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf, based on their total sum, are set as w, as well as x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total sum of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%,

[0484] When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of

[0485] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0486] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0487] Point E(18.2, -1.1111w 2 - 3.1667w + 31.9, 1.1111w 2 + 2.1667w + 49.9)

[0488] Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683)

[0489] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0490] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the case of

[0491] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0492] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0493] Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 - 4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 + 3.5746w + 49.884)

[0494] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[0495] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[0496] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the case of

[0497] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[0498] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[0499] Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2-4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489)

[0500] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7)

[0501] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and,

[0502] The curve IJ is formed by

[0503] Coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w)

[0504] as represented.

[0505] The refrigerant of the fifth solution is refrigerant X,

[0506] which contains CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf,

[0507] When the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, and x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%,

[0508] When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the case of

[0509] Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 + 1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 + 0.75w + 51.6)

[0510] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6)

[0511] Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 + 20.5, -1.1111w 2-w + 27.8)

[0512] Point B”(-1.5278w 2 + 2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 - 3.75w + 49.5)

[0513] Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683)

[0514] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves GO and OP formed by connecting these 5 points respectively, and the straight lines PB”, B”D, and DG, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line B”D),

[0515] When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range obtained by

[0516] Point G(-5.8333w 2 - 3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 + 1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 + 0.75w + 51.6)

[0517] Point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 + 3w + 27.7, -0.2778w 2 - 4w + 54.1)

[0518] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 + 1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 - 2.8333w + 40.6)

[0519] Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 + 20.5, -1.1111w 2 - w + 27.8)

[0520] Point B”(-1.5278w 2 + 2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 - 3.75w + 49.5)

[0521] Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683)

[0522] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves GN, NO, OP formed by connecting these 6 points respectively, and the straight lines PB”, B”D, and DG, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line B”D),

[0523] And,

[0524] The curve GO is represented by

[0525] coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (- 0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[0526] as shown.

[0527] The curve GN is represented by

[0528] coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (- 0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y)

[0529] as shown.

[0530] The curve NO is represented by

[0531] coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (- 0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[0532] as shown.

[0533] The curve OP is represented by

[0534] coordinates (x, (0.0074w 2 - 0.0133w + 0.0064)x 2 + (- 0.5839w 2 + 1.0268w - 0.7103)x + 11.472w 2 - 17.455w + 40.07, 100 - w - x - y)

[0535] as shown.

[0536] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP formed by connecting the following eight points respectively, and the straight lines PB”, B”D, DC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CM), and

[0537] the point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47)

[0538] the point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 44.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578)

[0539] the point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54)

[0540] the point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725)

[0541] the point P(51.7, -0.2381w 2 + 1.881w + 20.186, 0.2381w 2 - 2.881w + 28.114)

[0542] the point B”(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4)

[0543] the point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789)

[0544] the point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[0545] the curve MW is formed by

[0546] the coordinates (x, (0.0043w

[0547] - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x2 +( - 0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y)

[0548] as shown

[0549] the curve WN is represented by

[0550] coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +( - 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[0551] as shown

[0552] the curve NO is represented by

[0553] coordinates (x, ( - 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y)

[0554] as shown

[0555] the curve OP is represented by

[0556] coordinates (x, ( - 0.000463w 2 + 0.0024w - 0.0011)x 2 +(0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y)

[0557] as shown

[0558] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at the point M(0.0, - 0.0667w

[0559] + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867) 2

[0560] Point W(10.0, -0.0667w) 2 +1.1w +39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w+50.733)

[0561] Point N(18.2, -0.0889w) 2 +1.3778w +31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w+50.389)

[0562] Point O(36.8, -0.0444w) 2 +0.6889w +25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w+37.244)

[0563] Point P(51.7, -0.0667w) 2 +0.8333w +21.633,0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 26.667)

[0564] Point B (51.6, 0.0, -w+48.4)

[0565] Point D(-2.8w+40.1,0.0,1.8w+59.9)

[0566] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7)

[0567] The area enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP formed by connecting these 8 points, as well as the lines PB”, B”D, DC, and CM, or the aforementioned line segments (excluding points on lines B”D and CM), and...

[0568] Curve MW by

[0569] Coordinates (x, (0.00357w) 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103,100-wxy)

[0570] The meaning is,

[0571] Curve WN is

[0572] Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w 2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y)

[0573] as shown by

[0574] Curve NO is represented by

[0575] Coordinates (x, 0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y)

[0576] as shown by

[0577] Curve OP is represented by

[0578] Coordinates (x, (-0.0006258w 2 +0.0066w - 0.0153)x 2 +(0.0516w 2 -0.5478w + 0.9894)x - 1.074w 2 +11.651w + 10.992, 100 - w - x - y)

[0579] as shown by

[0580] The refrigerant of the sixth embodiment is refrigerant X,

[0581] which contains CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf,

[0582] When the mass percentages of CO2, and R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf based on their total are set to w, and x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%,

[0583] When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at the

[0584] point G (-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w2 +3.5834w + 51.6

[0585] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6)

[0586] Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997)

[0587] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curve GO formed by connecting these 3 points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, or on the above line segments, and,

[0588] The curve GO is formed by

[0589] Coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 -0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[0590] Indicated by

[0591] When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of

[0592] Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w + 51.6

[0593] Point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 +3.0w + 27.7, -0.2.778w 2 -4.0w + 54.1)

[0594] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6

[0595] Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997)

[0596] within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves GN and NO formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, or on the above line segments, and,

[0597] when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the curve GN is represented by

[0598] coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (-0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y)

[0599] as shown,

[0600] when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the curve NO is represented by

[0601] coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[0602] as shown,

[0603] when 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) are among

[0604] point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47)

[0605] point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578)

[0606] point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54)

[0607] point O(36.8, -0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725)

[0608] Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5)

[0609] Point C(0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, 0.0, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[0610] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO formed by connecting these 6 points respectively, as well as the straight lines OF, FC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and,

[0611] The curve MW is formed by

[0612] Coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (-0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y)

[0613] as represented by

[0614] The curve WN is formed by

[0615] Coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (-0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[0616] as represented by

[0617] The curve NO is formed by

[0618] Coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y)

[0619] as represented by

[0620] When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of

[0621] Point M(0.0, -0.3004w) 2 +2.419w +55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w +44.47)

[0622] Point W(10.0, -0.3645w) 2 +3.5024w +34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w +55.578)

[0623] Point N(18.2, -0.3773w) 2 +3.319w +28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w +53.54)

[0624] Point O(36.8, -0.1392w) 2 +1.4381w +24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w+38.725)

[0625] Point B'(36.6,0.0,-w+63.4)

[0626] Point D(-2.8226w+40.211,0.0,1.8226w+59.789)

[0627] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553)

[0628] The area enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO formed by connecting these 7 points, as well as the lines OB', B'D, DC, and CM, or the aforementioned line segments (excluding points on line CM), and...

[0629] Curve MW by

[0630] Coordinates (x, (0.0043w) 2 -0.0359w+0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w-3.6193)x-0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53,100-wxy)

[0631] The meaning is,

[0632] The curve WN is represented by

[0633] coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[0634] as shown below,[

[0635] The curve NO is represented by

[0636] coordinates (x, (- 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y)

[0637] as shown below,[

[0638] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are between

[0639] point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867)

[0640] point W(10.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733)

[0641] point N(18.2, - 0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389)

[0642] point O(36.8, - 0.0444w 2 + 0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 - 1.6889w + 37.244)

[0643] point B’(36.6, 0.0, - w + 63.4)

[0644] Point D(-2.8w+40.1,0.0,1.8w+59.9)

[0645] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7)

[0646] The area enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO formed by connecting these 7 points, as well as the lines OB', B'D, DC, and CM, or the aforementioned line segments (excluding points on line CM), and...

[0647] Curve MW by

[0648] Coordinates (x, (0.00357w) 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103,100-wxy)

[0649] The meaning is,

[0650] Curve WN is

[0651] Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w) 2 +0.0218w-0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w-0.1108)x-0.4158w 2 +4.7352w+43.383,100-wxy)

[0652] The meaning is,

[0653] Curve NO is

[0654] Coordinates (x, (0.0082x) 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w-0.7521)x-0.1307w 2 +2.0247w+42.327,100-wxy)

[0655] What is represented.

[0656] The refrigerant in scheme 7 is refrigerant X.

[0657] It contains CO2, as well as R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf.

[0658] When the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%,

[0659] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curve MW formed by connecting the following five points:

[0660] Point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w + 44.47)

[0661] Point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 +3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w + 55.578),

[0662] Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w + 53.54),

[0663] Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 +3.5746w + 49.884),

[0664] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553),

[0665] within the range of the figure enclosed by the curve MW formed by connecting these five points respectively, the curve WN, the straight line NE, the straight line EC and the straight line CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and,

[0666] The curve MW is formed by

[0667] coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2+0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y)

[0668] as shown

[0669] The curve WN is represented by

[0670] coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[0671] as shown

[0672] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the figure enclosed by the curves MW and WN formed by connecting the following five points respectively, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and

[0673] point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867)

[0674] point W(10.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733)

[0675] point N(18.2, - 0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389)

[0676] point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 - 4.3556w + 31.411, - 0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489)

[0677] point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, - 0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7)

[0678] within the figure enclosed by connecting these five points to form the curves MW and WN, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and

[0679] Curve MW by

[0680] Coordinates (x, (0.00357w) 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103,100-wxy)

[0681] The meaning is,

[0682] Curve WN is

[0683] Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w) 2 +0.0218w-0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w-0.1108)x-0.4158w 2 +4.7352w+43.383,100-wxy)

[0684] What is represented.

[0685] (26-2) Second refrigerant Y

[0686] The refrigerant in scheme 8 is refrigerant Y.

[0687] Compared to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf,

[0688] The content of HFO-1132(Z) is 53.0%–59.5% by mass.

[0689] The content of HFO-1234yf is 47.0-40.5% by mass.

[0690] The refrigerant in scheme 9 is refrigerant Y.

[0691] Compared to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf,

[0692] The content of HFO-1132(Z) is 41.0%–49.2% by mass.

[0693] The content of HFO-1234yf is 59.0-50.8% by mass.

[0694] The refrigerant in Scheme 10 is refrigerant Y from Scheme 8 or Scheme 9, which is used for a refrigeration cycle with an evaporation temperature of -60 to 20°C.

[0695] The refrigerant in Scheme 11 is any one of the refrigerants Y from Schemes 8 to 10, which consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[0696] The refrigerant in Scheme 12 is any one of the refrigerants Y from Schemes 8 to 11, which is used as R134a, R22, R12, R404A, R407A, R407C, R407F, R407H, R410A, R413A, R417A, R422A, R422B, R422C, R422D, R423A, R424A, R426A, or R427A. Alternative refrigerants to R428A, R430A, R434A, R437A, R438A, R448A, R449A, R449B, R449C, R450A, R452A, R452B, R454A, R452B, R454C, R455A, R465A, R502, R507, R513A, R513B, R515A, or R515B.

[0697] The refrigerant in Scheme 13 is any one of the refrigerants Y in Schemes 8 to 12, which contains at least one substance selected from the group consisting of water, tracer, ultraviolet fluorescent dye, stabilizer and polymerization inhibitor.

[0698] The refrigerant in Scheme 14 is any one of the refrigerants Y in Schemes 8 to 13, which further contains refrigeration oil and is used as the working fluid for the refrigeration device.

[0699] The refrigerant in Scheme 15 is refrigerant Y of Scheme 14, and the refrigeration oil contains at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyol ester (POE), and polyvinyl ether (PVE).

[0700] (26-3) Third refrigerant A

[0701] The refrigerant in Scheme 16 is refrigerant A, which contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf). The total concentration of these three components relative to the total refrigerant is 99.5% by mass or more, and...

[0702] In the triangular composition diagram with these three components as vertices, the mass ratio of these three components is determined by...

[0703] Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass%)

[0704] Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass)

[0705] Point C(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=10.1 / 18.0 / 71.9 mass%) and

[0706] The area enclosed by the graph of point D(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=27.8 / 18.0 / 54.2 mass%).

[0707] The refrigerant in Scheme 17 is refrigerant A from Scheme 16, which contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf. The total concentration of these three components relative to the overall refrigerant is 99.5% by mass or more, and...

[0708] In the triangular composition diagram with these three components as vertices, the mass ratio of these three components is determined by...

[0709] Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=51.8 / 1.0 / 47.2 mass%)

[0710] Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass)

[0711] Point E(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=15.2 / 14.3 / 70.5 mass%) and

[0712] Point F(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=31.1 / 14.3 / 54.6 mass%)

[0713] The area enclosed by the graph of these four points.

[0714] The refrigerant in Scheme 18 is refrigerant A, which contains HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf. The total concentration of these three components relative to the overall refrigerant is 99.5% by mass or more, and...

[0715] In the triangular composition diagram with these three components as vertices, the mass ratio of these three components is determined by...

[0716] Point P(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=45.6 / 1.0 / 53.4 mass%)

[0717] Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf = 35.3 / 1.0 / 63.7% by mass)

[0718] Point Q(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=1.0 / 24.8 / 74.2 mass%)

[0719] Point R(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=1.0 / 29.2 / 69.8 mass%) and

[0720] Point S(HFO-1132(E) / HFC-32 / HFO-1234yf=6.5 / 29.2 / 64.3 mass%)

[0721] The area enclosed by the graph of these 5 points.

[0722] The refrigerant in Scheme 19 is any one of the refrigerants A in Schemes 16 to 18, which consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32 and HFO-1234yf.

[0723] (26-4) Refrigerant B, No. 4

[0724] The refrigerant in Scheme 20 is refrigerant B, which contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf. The total concentration of these three components relative to the overall refrigerant is 99.5% by mass or more, and...

[0725] In the triangular composition diagram with these three components as vertices, the mass ratio of these three components is determined by...

[0726] Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%)

[0727] Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%)

[0728] Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%), point D (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 57.0 / 42.0 mass%) and

[0729] Point E(HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=42.5 / 24.1 / 33.4 mass%)

[0730] The area enclosed by the graph of these 5 points.

[0731] The refrigerant in Scheme 21 is refrigerant B from Scheme 20, which contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf. The total concentration of these three components relative to the overall refrigerant is 99.5% by mass or more, and...

[0732] In the triangular composition diagram with these three components as vertices, the mass ratio of these three components is determined by...

[0733] Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%)

[0734] Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%)

[0735] Point C (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 wt%), point F (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 52.2 / 46.8 wt%) and

[0736] Point G(HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%)

[0737] The area enclosed by the graph of these 5 points.

[0738] The refrigerant in Scheme 22 is refrigerant B from Scheme 20 or Scheme 21, which contains HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf, and the total concentration of these three components is 99.5% by mass or more relative to the total refrigerant.

[0739] In the triangular composition diagram with these three components as vertices, the mass ratio of these three components is determined by...

[0740] Point A (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=42.5 / 1.0 / 56.5 mass%)

[0741] Point B (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=27.1 / 1.0 / 71.9 mass%)

[0742] Point C(HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=1.0 / 30.4 / 68.6 mass%)

[0743] Point H (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 1.0 / 35.2 / 63.8 wt%), point I (HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf = 27.4 / 29.8 / 42.8 wt%) and

[0744] Point G(HFO-1132(E) / HFO-1123 / HFO-1234yf=42.5 / 18.9 / 38.6 mass%)

[0745] The area enclosed by the graphic of these 6 points.

[0746] The refrigerant in Scheme 23 is any one of the refrigerants B in Schemes 20 to 22, which consists only of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123 and HFO-1234yf.

[0747] (26-5) Fifth refrigerant C

[0748] The refrigerant in Scheme 24 is refrigerant C, which contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf. The total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf is as follows:

[0749] The content of HFO-1132(E) is 35.0% to 65.0% by mass.

[0750] The content of HFO-1234yf is 65.0% to 35.0% by mass.

[0751] The refrigerant in scheme 25 is refrigerant C from scheme 24, relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0752] The content of HFO-1132(E) is 41.3%–53.5% by mass.

[0753] The content of HFO-1234yf is 58.7-46.5% by mass.

[0754] The refrigerant in Scheme 26 is refrigerant C from Scheme 24 or Scheme 25, which consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0755] The refrigerant in Scheme 27 is refrigerant C, which contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf,

[0756] The content of HFO-1132(E) is 40.5%–49.2% by mass.

[0757] The content of HFO-1234yf is 59.5-50.8% by mass.

[0758] The refrigerant in Scheme 28 is the refrigerant C of Scheme 27, which consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0759] The refrigerant in Scheme 29 is refrigerant C from Scheme 27 or Scheme 28, and its evaporation temperature is -75 to -5℃.

[0760] The refrigerant in Scheme 30 is refrigerant C, which contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf,

[0761] The content of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1% to 39.8% by mass.

[0762] The content of HFO-1234yf is 68.9-60.2% by mass.

[0763] The refrigerant in Scheme 31 is refrigerant C from Scheme 30, relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0764] The content of HFO-1132(E) is 31.1% to 37.9% by mass.

[0765] The content of HFO-1234yf is 68.9-62.1% by mass.

[0766] The refrigerant in Scheme 32 is refrigerant C from Scheme 30 or Scheme 31, which consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0767] The refrigerant in Scheme 33 is any one of the refrigerants C from Schemes 30 to 32, and its evaporation temperature is -75 to -5℃.

[0768] The refrigerant in scheme 34 is refrigerant C, which contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf,

[0769] The content of HFO-1132(E) is 21.0%–28.4% by mass.

[0770] The content of HFO-1234yf is 79.0-71.6% by mass.

[0771] The refrigerant in Scheme 35 is the refrigerant C of Scheme 34, which consists only of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf.

[0772] The refrigerant in Scheme 36 is refrigerant C, which contains HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf, relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1234yf,

[0773] The content of HFO-1132(E) ranges from 12.1% to 72.0% by mass.

[0774] The content of HFO-1234yf is 87.9% to 28.0% by mass.

[0775] (26-6) Refrigerant D (6th refrigerant)

[0776] The refrigerant in Scheme 37 is refrigerant D, which contains HFO-1132a.

[0777] The refrigerant in Scheme 38 is the refrigerant D in Scheme 37, with the total amount of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a set at 100% by mass, containing 15.0 to 24.0% by mass of HFC-32 and 1.0 to 7.0% by mass of HFO-1132a.

[0778] The refrigerant in Scheme 39 is the refrigerant D in Scheme 37, with the total amount of HFC-32, HFO-1234yf and HFO-1132a set at 100% by mass, containing 19.5 to 23.5% by mass of HFC-32 and 3.1 to 3.7% by mass of HFO-1132a.

[0779] The refrigerant in Scheme 40 is refrigerant D, which contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and HFO-1132a. In the above refrigerant, when the mass percentage of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf, based on their sum, is set as x, y, and z respectively, in a three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf is 100 mass%, the coordinates (x, y, z) are...

[0780] Point R(21.80,3.95,74.25),

[0781] Point S(21.80, 3.05, 75.15) and

[0782] Point T(20.95, 75.30, 3.75)

[0783] The triangle enclosed by the line segments RS, ST, and TR formed by connecting these three points, or the aforementioned line segments.

[0784] The refrigerant in Scheme 41 is refrigerant D, which contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and HFO-1132a. In the above refrigerant, when the mass percentage of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf, based on their sum, is set as x, y, and z respectively, in a three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are...

[0785] Point L(74.0, 19.9, 6.1),

[0786] Point F(49.1, 25.9, 25.0),

[0787] Point G(0.0, 48.6, 51.4),

[0788] Point O (0.0, 0.0, 100) and

[0789] Point B (73.9, 0.0, 26.1)

[0790] The area enclosed by the line segments LF, FG, GO, OB, and BL formed by connecting these five points, or on the aforementioned line segments (except for line segments GO and OB), is the area of ​​the figure.

[0791] The above line segment LF is composed of

[0792] Coordinates (y = 0.0021x) 2 The expression -0.4975x+45.264) represents...

[0793] The above line segment FG is composed of

[0794] Coordinates (y = 0.0031x) 2 The expression -0.6144x+48.6) represents, and,

[0795] The line segments GO, OB, and BL mentioned above are straight lines.

[0796] The refrigerant in scheme 42 is refrigerant D, which includes HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and HFO-1132a. In the above refrigerant, when the mass percentage of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf, based on their sum, is set as x, y, and z respectively, in a three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are...

[0797] Point P(59.1,23.2,17.7),

[0798] Point F(49.1, 25.9, 25.0),

[0799] Point G(0.0, 48.6, 51.4),

[0800] Point O (0.0, 0.0, 100) and

[0801] Point B'(59.0,0.0,40.2)

[0802] The area enclosed by the line segments PF, FG, GO, OB', and B'P formed by connecting these 5 points, or on the aforementioned line segments (excluding line segments GO and OB'),

[0803] The above line segment PF is composed of

[0804] Coordinates (y = 0.0021x) 2 The expression -0.4975x+45.264) represents...

[0805] The above line segment FG is composed of

[0806] Coordinates (y = 0.0031x) 2 The expression -0.6144x+48.6) represents, and,

[0807] The line segments GO, OB', and B'P mentioned above are straight lines.

[0808] The refrigerant in scheme 43 is refrigerant D, which contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and HFO-1132a. In the above refrigerant, when the mass percentage of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf, based on their sum, is set as x, y, and z respectively, in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are...

[0809] Point M(74.0, 19.5, 6.5),

[0810] Point I(62.9,15.5,21.6),

[0811] Point J(33.5, 0.0, 66.5) and

[0812] Point B (73.9, 0.0, 26.1)

[0813] The area enclosed by the line segments MI, IJ, JB, and BM formed by connecting these four points, or on the aforementioned line segments (except on line segment JB),

[0814] The above line segment MI is from

[0815] Coordinates (y = 0.006x) 2 The expression +1.1837x-35.264) represents,

[0816] The above line segment IJ is composed of

[0817] Coordinates (y = 0.0083x) 2 The expression -0.2719x-0.1953 represents, and,

[0818] The line segments JB and BM mentioned above are straight lines.

[0819] The refrigerant in scheme 44 is refrigerant D, which contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and HFO-1132a. In the above refrigerant, when the mass percentage of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf, based on their sum, is set as x, y, and z respectively, in a three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are...

[0820] Point Q(59.1, 12.7, 28.2),

[0821] Point J(33.5, 0.0, 66.5) and

[0822] Point B'(59.0,0.0,40.2)

[0823] The area enclosed by the line segments QJ, JB', and B'Q formed by connecting these three points, or on the aforementioned line segments (except on line segment JB'),

[0824] The above line segment QJ is composed of

[0825] Coordinates (y = 0.0083x) 2 The expression -0.2719x-0.1953 represents, and,

[0826] The line segments JB' and B'Q mentioned above are straight lines.

[0827] The refrigerant in scheme 45 is refrigerant D, which contains HFC-32, HFO-1234yf, and HFO-1132a. In the above refrigerant, when the mass percentage of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf, based on their sum, is set as x, y, and z respectively, in a three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFC-32, HFO-1132a, and HFO-1234yf is 100% by mass, the coordinates (x, y, z) are...

[0828] Point Q(59.1, 12.7, 28.2),

[0829] Point U(59.0, 5.5, 35.5) and

[0830] Point V(52.5, 8.4, 39.1)

[0831] The area enclosed by the line segments QU, UV, and VQ formed by connecting these three points, or on the aforementioned line segments, is within the shape.

[0832] The above line segment VQ is composed of

[0833] Coordinates (y = 0.0083x) 2 The expression -0.2719x-0.1953 represents, and,

[0834] The above line segment UV is composed of

[0835] Coordinates (y = 0.0026x) 2 The expression -0.7385x+39.946) represents...

[0836] The line segment QU mentioned above is a straight line.

[0837] (26-7) Refrigerant E (7th refrigerant)

[0838] Scheme 46 uses refrigerant E. Based on the sum of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf, and with the following parameters: R32 mass % as a, CO2 mass % as b, R125 mass % as c1, R134a mass % as c2, the combined mass % of R125 and R134a as c, R1234yf mass % as x, and c1 / (c1+c2) as r...

[0839] In the ternary composition diagram with vertices at points where R32 is (100-x) mass%, CO2 is (100-x) mass%, and the sum of R125 and R134a is (100-x) mass%,...

[0840] 1-1-1) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the...

[0841] Point A(-0.6902x+43.307,100-ax,0.0)

[0842] Point O r＝0.25～0.5 ((-2.2857x+87.314)r 2 +(1.7143x-55.886)r+(-0.9643x+55.336),(2.2857x-112.91)r 2 +(-1.7143x+104.69)r+(-0.25x+11.05),100-abx)、

[0843] Point D r＝0.25～0.5 (0.0, -28.8r) 2 +54.0r+(-x+49.9),100-bx) and

[0844] Point Q(0.0, 100-x, 0.0)

[0845] The area within the quadrilateral enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.25～0.5 (excluding points on Q and QA), or,

[0846] 1-1-2) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0847] Point A(-0.6902x+43.307, 100-ac, 0.0),

[0848] Point O r＝0.5～1.0 ((-0.2857x+8.5143)r 2 +(0.5x-10.9)+(-0.8571x+52.543),(-0.2857x+4.5143)r 2 +(0.5x+0.9)r+(-0.7143x+33.586),100-abx)、

[0849] Point D r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, (-0.5714x+12.229)r 2 +(0.8571x-0.3429)r+(-1.2857x+66.814),100-bx) and

[0850] Point Q(0.0, 100-x, 0.0)

[0851] The area within the quadrilateral enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.5～1.0 (excluding points on Q and QA), or,

[0852] 1-2-1) When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43.8 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the...

[0853] Point A(-0.6902x+43.307,100-ax,0.0)

[0854] Point O r＝0.25～0.5 ((1.1852x-64.711)r 2 +(-0.7407x+51.644)r+(-0.5556x+37.433),(-2.3704x+91.022)r 2 +(2.0741x-61.244)r+(-0.963x+42.278),100-abx)、

[0855] Point D r＝0.25～0.5 (0.0, -28.8r) 2 +54.0r+(-x+49.9),100-bx) and

[0856] Point Q(0.0, 100-x, 0.0)

[0857] The area within the quadrilateral enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.25～0.5 (excluding points on Q and QA), or,

[0858] 1-2-2) When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0859] Point A(-0.6902x+43.307,100-ax,0.0)

[0860] Point O r＝0.5～1.0 ((0.2963x-16.978)r2+(-0.3704x+27.222)r+(-0.5185x+37.711),-8.0r2+22.8r+(-0.5185x+25.011),100-abx),

[0861] Point D r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, -12.8r) 2 +37.2r+(-x+54.3),100-bx) and

[0862] Point Q(0.0, 100-x, 0.0)

[0863] The area within the quadrilateral enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.5～1.0 (excluding points on Q and QA),

[0864] 1-3-1) When 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0865] Point A(-0.6902x+43.307,100-ax,0.0)

[0866] Point O r＝0.25～0.5 (-9.6r 2 +17.2r+(-0.6571x+42.157),-19.2r 2 +(0.2286x+24.571)r+(-0.6286x+26.729),100-abx)、

[0867] Point D r＝0.25～0.5 (0.0, (0.9143x-71.314)r 2 +(-0.5714x+80.571)+(-0.9143x+45.914),100-bx) and

[0868] Point Q(0.0, 100-x, 0.0)

[0869] The area within the quadrilateral enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.25～0.5 (excluding points on Q and QA), or,

[0870] 1-3-2) When 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0871] Point A(-0.6902x+43.307,100-ax,0.0)

[0872] Point O r＝0.5～1.0 ((-0.2286x+7.4286)r 2 +(0.4x-8.6)r+(-0.8x+50.8),(0.2286x-18.629)r 2 +(-0.2857x+36.086)r+(-0.4286x+20.829),100-abx)、

[0873] Point D r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, (0.2286x-23.429)r 2+(-0.4x+55.8)r+(-0.8286x+46.329),100-bx) and point Q(0.0,100-x,0.0).

[0874] The area within the quadrilateral enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.5～1.0 (excluding points on Q and QA).

[0875] Scheme 47 uses refrigerant E. Based on the sum of R32, CO2, R125, R134a, and R1234yf, and with the following parameters: R32 mass % as a, CO2 mass % as b, R125 mass % as c1, R134a mass % as c2, the combined mass % of R125 and R134a as c, R1234yf mass % as x, and c1 / (c1+c2) as r...

[0876] In the ternary composition diagram with vertices at points where R32 is (100-x) mass%, CO2 is (100-x) mass%, and the sum of R125 and R134a is (100-x) mass%,...

[0877] 2-1-1) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the...

[0878] Point F r＝0.25～0.5 (0.0, (-1.1429x+37.257)r 2 +(1.2857x-38.714)r-(-1.7143x+106.89),100-bx)、

[0879] Point P r＝0.25～0.5 ((-1.1429x+34.057)r 2 +(1.0x-21.0)r+(-0.4643x+27.636),(2.2857x-119.31)r 2 +(-2.0x+122.0)r+(-0.3929x+19.907),100-abx) and

[0880] Point D r＝0.25～0.5 (0.0, -28.8r) 2 +54.0r+(-x+49.9),100-bx)

[0881] The area within the triangle enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.25～ 0.5 F r＝0.25～0.5 (Except for the points on the top), or,

[0882] 2-1-2) When 43.8 ≥ x ≥ 41 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0883] Point F r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, (3.7143x-159.49)r 2 +(-5.0714x+222.53)r+(0.25x+25.45),100-bx), point P r＝0.5～1.0 ((3.4286x-138.17)r 2 +(-5.4286x+203.57)+(1.6071x-41.593),(-2.8571x+106.74)r 2 +(4.5714x-143.63)r+(-2.3929x+96.027),100-abx) and

[0884] Point D r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, (-0.5714x+12.229)r 2 +(0.8571x-0.3429)r+(-1.2857x+66.814),100-bx)

[0885] The area within the triangle enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.5～ 1.0 F r＝0.5～1.0 (Except for the points on the top), or,

[0886] 2-2-1) When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43 and 0.5 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the...

[0887] Point F r＝0.25～0.5 (0.0, (9.4815x-428.09)r 2 +(-7.1111x+329.07)r+(-0.2593x+43.156),100-bx)、

[0888] Point P r＝0.25～0.5 ((-8.2963x+347.38)r 2 +(4.8889x-191.33)r+(-0.963x+49.478),(7.1111x-330.67)r 2 +(-4.1481x+216.09)r+(-0.2593x+14.056),100-abx) and

[0889] Point D r＝0.25～0.5 (0.0, -28.8r)2 +54.0r+(-x+49.9),100-bx)

[0890] The area within the triangle enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.25～ 0.5 F r＝0.25～0.5 (Except for the points on the top), or,

[0891] 2-2-2) When 46.5 ≥ x ≥ 43 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0892] Point F r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, (-4.7407x+210.84)r 2 +(6.963x-304.58)r+(-3.7407x+200.24),100-bx)、

[0893] Point P r＝0.5～1.0 ((0.2963x-0.9778)r 2 +(0.2222x-43.933)r+(-0.7778x+62.867),(-0.2963x-5.4222)r 2 +(-0.0741x+59.844)r+(-0.4444x+10.867),100-abx) and

[0894] Point D r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, -12.8r) 2 +37.2r+(-x+54.3),100-bx)

[0895] The area within the triangle enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.5～ 1.0 F r＝0.5～1.0 (Except for the points on the top), or,

[0896] 2-3-1) When 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 0.37 ≥ r ≥ 0.25, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0897] Point F r＝0.25～0.37 (0.0, (-35.714x+1744.0)r 2 +(23.333x-1128.3)r+(-5.144x+276.32),100-bx)、

[0898] Point P r＝0.25～0.37 ((11.905x-595.24)r 2+(-7.6189x+392.61)r+(0.9322x-39.027),(-27.778x+1305.6)r 2 +(17.46x-796.35)r+(-3.5147x+166.48),100-abx) and

[0899] Point D r＝0.25～0.37 (0.0, (0.9143x-71.314)r 2 +(-0.5714x+80.571)+(-0.9143x+45.914),100-bx)

[0900] The area within the triangle enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.25～ 0.37 F r＝0.25～0.37 (Except for the points on the top), or,

[0901] 2-3-2) When 50 ≥ x ≥ 46.5 and 1.0 ≥ r ≥ 0.5, the coordinates (a, b, c) are in the direction of...

[0902] Point F r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, (2.2857x-115.89)r 2 +(-3.0857x+162.69)r+(-0.3714x+43.571),100-bx)、

[0903] Point P r＝0.5～1.0 ((-3.2x+161.6)r 2 +(4.4571x-240.86)r+(-2.0857x+123.69),(2.5143x-136.11)r 2 +(-3.3714x+213.17)r+(0.5429x-35.043),100-abx) and

[0904] Point D r＝0.5～1.0 (0.0, (0.2286x-23.429)r 2 +(-0.4x+55.8)r+(-0.8286x+46.329),100-bx)

[0905] The area within the triangle enclosed by the connected line segments, or on the line segment itself (where line segment D...). r＝0.5～ 1.0 F r＝0.5～1.0 (Except for the points on the top).

[0906] The refrigerant in Scheme 48 is refrigerant E from Scheme 46 or Scheme 47, and the refrigerant contains a total of more than 99.5% by mass of R32, CO2, R125, R134a and R1234yf relative to the above refrigerants.

[0907] (27) Technical characteristics of each group using the above-mentioned refrigerants

[0908] According to the technology of Group 1, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the lubricity within the refrigeration cycle device can be improved.

[0909] According to the technology of Group 2, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, lubricity during the refrigeration cycle can be improved.

[0910] A refrigeration cycle can be performed using the technology of Group 3, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP.

[0911] According to the technology of Group 4, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, it is difficult for the refrigerant to reach the electrical equipment unit even in the event of a refrigerant leak.

[0912] By using the technology of Group 5, which employs any of the aforementioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the operating efficiency of the refrigeration cycle can be improved.

[0913] According to the technology of Group 6 using any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, damage to the connecting piping can be suppressed.

[0914] According to the technology of Group 7 using any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, even if a refrigerant leak occurs, fire in the electric heating device can be suppressed.

[0915] A refrigeration cycle can be performed using the technology of Group 8, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP.

[0916] According to the technology of Group 9, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the capacity reduction can be suppressed to a small extent.

[0917] According to the technology of Group 10, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the motor speed of the compressor can be changed according to the air conditioning load, thereby enabling the compressor to achieve high efficiency.

[0918] Energy efficiency can be improved by using Group 11 technology that employs any of the aforementioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP.

[0919] According to the technology of Group 12, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, high output can be achieved at a relatively low cost by employing an induction motor as the motor of the compressor.

[0920] According to the technology of Group 13, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the motor speed of the compressor that compresses the refrigerant can be changed according to the air conditioning load, thus enabling a high annual performance factor (APF).

[0921] According to the technology of Group 14, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, it is possible to provide air conditioners that take environmental protection into account.

[0922] According to the technology of Group 15, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, it is possible to efficiently produce warm water.

[0923] According to the technology of Group 16, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, it is possible to reduce the material cost of heat exchangers.

[0924] According to the technology of Group 17, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, it is possible to reduce the amount of refrigerant filled into the air conditioning unit.

[0925] According to the technology of Group 18, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the heat exchange capacity of the heat source-side heat exchanger can be improved.

[0926] According to the technology of Group 19, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the control loop can be cooled.

[0927] According to the technology of Group 20, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, reheat dehumidification operation can be performed appropriately.

[0928] According to the technology of Group 21, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the refrigerant can be dehumidified by evaporation in the evaporation zone, and the configuration of the refrigerant circuit can be simplified.

[0929] Efficient operation can be achieved by using Group 22 technology that employs any of the aforementioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP.

[0930] According to the technology of Group 23, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, even if the diameters of the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping and the gas-side refrigerant connection piping are increased in order to suppress pressure loss, the increase in cost can be suppressed by using pipes made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

[0931] According to the technology of Group 24, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, it is possible to store heat and cold in a heat storage tank.

[0932] According to the technology of Group 25, which uses any of the above-mentioned refrigerants with a sufficiently small GWP, the efficiency of heat exchange can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0933] Figure 1A This is a schematic diagram of the apparatus used to measure the combustion rate.

[0934] Figure 1B The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram where the sum of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf is 100% by mass.

[0935] Figure 1C The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, which together constitute 99.4% by mass (containing 0.6% by mass of CO2).

[0936] Figure 1D The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, which together constitute 98.8% by mass (containing 1.2% by mass of CO2).

[0937] Figure 1E The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, which together constitute 98.7% by mass (containing 1.3% by mass of CO2).

[0938] Figure 1F The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, which together constitute 97.5% by mass (containing 2.5% by mass of CO2).

[0939] Figure 1G The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, which together account for 96% by mass (containing 4% by mass of CO2).

[0940] Figure 1H The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, which together constitute 94.5% by mass (containing 5.5% by mass of CO2).

[0941] Figure 1I The diagram shows the points and line segments of the refrigerant that specifies the present invention in a three-component composition diagram of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, which together account for 93% by mass (7% by mass of CO2).

[0942] Figure 1J This is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus used to distinguish flammability (combustible or non-combustible).

[0943] Figure 2A This is a graph showing the mass ratio of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf contained in refrigerant A1 in a triangular composition diagram of trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf) (the area enclosed by the graphs of points A, B, C, and D, and the area enclosed by the graphs of points A, B, E, and F).

[0944] Figure 2B This is a diagram showing the mass ratio of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf contained in refrigerant A2 in a triangular composition diagram of HFO-1132(E), HFC-32, and HFO-1234yf (the area enclosed by the graph through the five points P, B, Q, R, and S).

[0945] Figure 2C This is a diagram showing the mass ratio of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf contained in refrigerant B in the triangular composition diagram of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and HFO-1234yf (the area enclosed by the graphs of points A, B, C, D, and E; the area enclosed by the graphs of points A, B, C, F, and G; and the area enclosed by the graphs of points A, B, C, H, I, and G).

[0946] Figure 2D This is a three-component composition diagram illustrating the composition of refrigerant D in the first and second embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2D In the enlarged diagram, the maximum composition of refrigerant D in the first method is within the range of the quadrilateral represented by X or on the line segment of the aforementioned quadrilateral. Figure 2D In the enlarged view, the preferred refrigerant composition of the first method is within the range of the quadrilateral represented by Y or on the line segment of the aforementioned quadrilateral. Furthermore, in Figure 2D In the enlarged diagram, the composition of refrigerant D in the second method is within the triangle enclosed by line segments RS, ST, and TR, or on the aforementioned line segments.

[0947] Figure 2E This is a three-component composition diagram used to illustrate the composition of refrigerant D in embodiments 3 to 7 of the present invention.

[0948] Figure 2FThis is a schematic diagram of the apparatus used in the flammability test.

[0949] Figure 2G This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a counter-flow heat exchanger.

[0950] Figure 2H This is a schematic diagram showing an example of a counter-flow heat exchanger, (a) is a top view, and (b) is a perspective view.

[0951] Figure 2I1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the refrigerant circuit in the refrigeration unit of the present invention.

[0952] Figure 2I2 It is shown Figure 2H A schematic diagram of a modified refrigerant circuit.

[0953] Figure 2I3 It is shown Figure 2I1 A schematic diagram of a modified refrigerant circuit.

[0954] Figure 2I4 It is shown Figure 2I1 A schematic diagram of a modified refrigerant circuit.

[0955] Figure 2I5 This is a diagram illustrating off-cycle defrosting.

[0956] Figure 2I6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating defrosting via heating.

[0957] Figure 2I7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating reverse-circulation hot air defrosting.

[0958] Figure 2I8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positive circulation hot air defrosting process.

[0959] Figure 2J Regarding refrigerant E, the three-component composition diagram is shown with vertices at the points where R32 is (100-x) mass%, CO2 is (100-x) mass%, and the combined mass% of R125 and R134a is (100-x) mass%. Tables 206-209 show the ASHRAE non-flammable critical point and point F. r＝0.25 and point P r＝0.25 The straight line F formed by connecting the lines r＝0.25 P r＝0.25 The image.

[0960] Figure 2KRegarding refrigerant E, the three-component composition diagram is shown with vertices at the points where R32 is (100-x) mass%, CO2 is (100-x) mass%, and the combined mass% of R125 and R134a is (100-x) mass%. Tables 206-209 show the ASHRAE non-flammable critical point and point F. r＝0.375 and point P r＝0.375 The straight line F formed by connecting the lines r＝0.375 P r＝0.375 The image.

[0961] Figure 2L Regarding refrigerant E, the three-component composition diagram is shown with vertices at the points where R32 is (100-x) mass%, CO2 is (100-x) mass%, and the combined mass% of R125 and R134a is (100-x) mass%. Tables 206-209 show the ASHRAE non-flammable critical point and point F. r＝0.5 and point P r＝0.5 The straight line F formed by connecting the lines r＝0.5 P r＝0.5 The image.

[0962] Figure 2M Regarding refrigerant E, the three-component composition diagram is shown with vertices at the points where R32 is (100-x) mass%, CO2 is (100-x) mass%, and the combined mass% of R125 and R134a is (100-x) mass%. Tables 206-209 show the ASHRAE non-flammable critical point and point F. r＝0.75 and point P r＝0.75 The straight line F formed by connecting the lines r＝0.75 P r＝0.75 The image.

[0963] Figure 2N Regarding refrigerant E, the three-component composition diagram is shown with vertices at the points where R32 is (100-x) mass%, CO2 is (100-x) mass%, and the combined mass% of R125 and R134a is (100-x) mass%. Tables 206-209 show the ASHRAE non-flammable critical point and point F. r＝1.0 and point P r＝1.0 The straight line F formed by connecting the lines r＝1.0 P r＝1.0 The image.

[0964] Figure 2O Regarding refrigerant E, points A and O are shown when the concentration of R1234yf is 41% by mass. r＝0.25～1 D r＝0.25～1 C r＝0.25～1 F r＝0.25～1 P r＝0.25～1 The triangle diagram of Q.

[0965] Figure 2P Regarding refrigerant E, points A and O are shown when the concentration of R1234yf is 43.8% by mass. r＝0.25～1 D r＝0.25～1 C r＝0.25～1 F r＝0.25～1 P r＝0.25～1 The triangle diagram of Q.

[0966] Figure 2Q Regarding refrigerant E, points A and O are shown when the concentration of R1234yf is 46.5% by mass. r＝0.25～1 D r＝0.25～1 C r＝0.25～1 F r＝0.25～1 P r＝0.25～1 The triangle diagram of Q.

[0967] Figure 2R Regarding refrigerant E, points A and O are shown when the concentration of R1234yf is 50.0% by mass. r＝0.25～1 D r＝0.25～1 C r＝0.25～1 P r＝0.25～1 The triangle diagram of Q.

[0968] Figure 2S Regarding refrigerant E, point D shows the concentration of R1234yf at 46.5% by mass. r＝0.25～1 C r＝0.25～1 F r＝0.25～0.37 F r＝0.5～1 P r＝0.25～0.37 P r＝0.50～1 The triangle diagram of Q.

[0969] Figure 2T Regarding refrigerant E, point D shows the concentration of R1234yf at 50.0% by mass. r＝0.25～1 C r＝0.25～1 F r＝0.25～0.37 F r＝0.37～1 P r＝0.25～0.37 P r＝0.37～1 The triangle diagram of Q.

[0970] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0971] Figure 3B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0972] Figure 3C This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0973] Figure 3D This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0974] Figure 3E This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0975] Figure 3F This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0976] Figure 3G This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the fourth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0977] Figure 3H This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the fourth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0978] Figure 3I This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the fifth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0979] Figure 3J This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the fifth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0980] Figure 3K This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the sixth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0981] Figure 3L This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the sixth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0982] Figure 3M This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the seventh embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0983] Figure 3N This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the seventh embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0984] Figure 3O This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the eighth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0985] Figure 3P This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the eighth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0986] Figure 3Q This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the ninth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0987] Figure 3RThis is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the ninth embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0988] Figure 3S This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the 10th embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0989] Figure 3T This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the 10th embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0990] Figure 3U This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the 11th embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0991] Figure 3V This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the 11th embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0992] Figure 3W This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the 12th embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0993] Figure 3X This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the 12th embodiment of the technology in Group 3.

[0994] Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[0995] Figure 4B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[0996] Figure 4C This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[0997] Figure 4D This is a perspective view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the outdoor unit of the first embodiment of the technology of the fourth group.

[0998] Figure 4E This is a schematic front view of the interior unit of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[0999] Figure 4F This is a schematic side view of the indoor unit of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1000] Figure 4G This is a side cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the indoor unit of the first embodiment, which is a technology of the fourth group.

[1001] Figure 4HThis is a schematic front view of the interior unit of a variant B of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1002] Figure 4I This is a schematic front view showing the internal structure of the indoor unit of a variation B of the first embodiment of the technology of the fourth group.

[1003] Figure 4J This is a schematic side view of the interior structure of an indoor unit of a variant B of the first embodiment of the technology of the fourth group.

[1004] Figure 4K This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1005] Figure 4L This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1006] Figure 4M This is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the outdoor unit (with the front panel removed) of the second embodiment of the technology of the fourth group.

[1007] Figure 4N This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1008] Figure 4O This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1009] Figure 4P This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1010] Figure 4Q This is an exploded perspective view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology of the fourth group.

[1011] Figure 4R This is a top view illustrating the schematic structure of the interior of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology of the fourth group.

[1012] Figure 4S This is a front view illustrating the schematic structure of the interior of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology of the fourth group.

[1013] Figure 4T This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit and water circuit of the fourth embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1014] Figure 4U This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the fourth embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1015] Figure 4V This is a schematic structural diagram of a hot and cold water supply unit according to the fourth embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1016] Figure 4W This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit and water circuit of a variation of the fourth embodiment of the technology in Group 4.

[1017] Figure 4X This is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water storage device, which is a variation of the fourth embodiment of the technology in Group 4, Example A.

[1018] Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 5.

[1019] Figure 5B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 5.

[1020] Figure 5C This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of a variation of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 5, namely, Example B.

[1021] Figure 5D This is a side cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a compressor of a modified example B of the first embodiment of the technology of the fifth group.

[1022] Figure 5E This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 5.

[1023] Figure 5F This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 5.

[1024] Figure 5G This is a side cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the compressor according to the second embodiment of the technology of Group 5.

[1025] Figure 5H This is a top cross-sectional view of the cylinder chamber periphery of the compressor of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 5.

[1026] Figure 5I This is a top cross-sectional view of the piston of the compressor in the second embodiment of the technology in Group 5.

[1027] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 6.

[1028] Figure 6B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 6.

[1029] Figure 6C This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 6.

[1030] Figure 6D This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 6.

[1031] Figure 6E This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 6.

[1032] Figure 6F This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 6.

[1033] Figure 7A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1034] Figure 7B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1035] Figure 7C This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1036] Figure 7D This is a schematic perspective view of a drain pan heater mounted on the base plate of the technology in Group 7.

[1037] Figure 7E This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1038] Figure 7F This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1039] Figure 7G This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 7 (without the front panel of the machine room).

[1040] Figure 7H This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1041] Figure 7I This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1042] Figure 7J This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1043] Figure 7K This is a schematic exploded perspective view of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 7.

[1044] Figure 7L This is a schematic perspective view of the IH heater of the technology in Group 7.

[1045] Figure 7M This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the IH heater of the technology in Group 7.

[1046] Figure 8A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 8.

[1047] Figure 8B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 8.

[1048] Figure 8C This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 8.

[1049] Figure 8D This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 8.

[1050] Figure 8E This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 8.

[1051] Figure 8F This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 8.

[1052] Figure 9A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1053] Figure 9B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1054] Figure 9C The graph shows the pressure loss during heating operation of the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping of each pipe outer diameter in the air conditioning unit of the first embodiment of the technology of Group 9 when refrigerants R410A, R32, and refrigerant A are used.

[1055] Figure 9D The graph shows the pressure loss during refrigeration operation of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping of each pipe outer diameter in the air conditioning unit of the first embodiment of the technology of Group 9 when refrigerants R410A, R32, and refrigerant A are used.

[1056] Figure 9EThis is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1057] Figure 9F This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1058] Figure 9G The graph shows the pressure loss during heating operation of the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping of each pipe outer diameter in the air conditioning unit of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 9 when refrigerants R410A, R32, and refrigerant A are used.

[1059] Figure 9H The graph shows the pressure loss during refrigeration operation of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping of each pipe outer diameter in the air conditioning unit of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 9 when refrigerants R410A, R32 and refrigerant A are used.

[1060] Figure 9I This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1061] Figure 9J This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle device according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1062] Figure 9K The graph shows the pressure loss during heating operation of the liquid-side refrigerant connection piping of each pipe outer diameter when using refrigerants R410A, R32, and refrigerant A in the air conditioning unit of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1063] Figure 9L The graph shows the pressure loss during refrigeration operation of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping of each pipe outer diameter when using refrigerants R410A, R32, and refrigerant A in the air conditioning unit of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 9.

[1064] Figure 10A This is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner using a compressor based on an embodiment of the technology of Group 10 of the present invention.

[1065] Figure 10B This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a compressor according to one embodiment of the technology in Group 10.

[1066] Figure 10C This is a cross-sectional view of an electric motor cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, representing the technology of Group 10.

[1067] Figure 10D This is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the technology in Group 10, cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

[1068] Figure 10E This is a three-dimensional view of the rotor of the technology in Group 10.

[1069] Figure 10F This is a cross-sectional view of other rotors cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, representing the technology of Group 10.

[1070] Figure 10G This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 10.

[1071] Figure 11A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1072] Figure 11B This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1073] Figure 11C This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1074] Figure 11D This is a perspective view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the outdoor unit of the first embodiment of the technology of Group 11.

[1075] Figure 11E This is a schematic front view of the interior unit of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1076] Figure 11F This is a side cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the indoor unit of the first embodiment of the technology of Group 11.

[1077] Figure 11G This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1078] Figure 11H This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1079] Figure 11I This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1080] Figure 11J This is a perspective view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the outdoor unit of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 11.

[1081] Figure 11K This is a schematic perspective view of the interior unit of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1082] Figure 11LThis is a side cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the indoor unit of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 11.

[1083] Figure 11M This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1084] Figure 11N This is a schematic control block diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1085] Figure 11O This is a schematic perspective view of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 11.

[1086] Figure 11P This is an exploded perspective view showing the schematic structure of the interior of the outdoor unit of the third embodiment of the technology of Group 11.

[1087] Figure 12A This is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner using a compressor based on one embodiment of the technology from Group 12.

[1088] Figure 12B This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a compressor according to one embodiment of the technology in Group 12.

[1089] Figure 12C This is a cross-sectional view of an electric motor cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, representing the technology of Group 12.

[1090] Figure 12D This is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the technology in Group 12, cut by a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

[1091] Figure 12E This is a three-dimensional view of the rotor of the technology in Group 12.

[1092] Figure 12F This is a perspective view of the rotor 71 used in the induction motor of the compressor, which is the second variation of the technology in Group 12.

[1093] Figure 12G This is the refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner using the compressor of the third variation of the technology in Group 12.

[1094] Figure 12H This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 12.

[1095] Figure 13A This is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 13.

[1096] Figure 13B This is a circuit block diagram of the power conversion device of an air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 13.

[1097] Figure 13C This is a circuit block diagram of a power conversion device in a variation of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 13.

[1098] Figure 13D This is a circuit block diagram of the power conversion device of an air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 13.

[1099] Figure 13E This is a circuit block diagram of the power conversion device in a variation of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 13.

[1100] Figure 13F This is a circuit block diagram of the power conversion device of an air conditioner according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 13.

[1101] Figure 13G This is a circuit diagram schematically illustrating the bidirectional switch of the technology in Group 13.

[1102] Figure 13H This is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of the current direction of a matrix converter in the technology of Group 13.

[1103] Figure 13I This is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of another current direction in the matrix converter of the technology in Group 13.

[1104] Figure 13J This is a circuit block diagram of a power conversion device in a variation of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 13.

[1105] Figure 13K This is the circuit diagram of the clamping circuit for the technology in Group 13.

[1106] Figure 14A This is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to one embodiment of the technology in Group 14.

[1107] Figure 14B This is the circuit diagram of the motor operation of the compressor in Group 14.

[1108] Figure 14C This is a circuit diagram of the motor operating of the compressor in an air conditioner, which is a variation of the technology in Group 14.

[1109] Figure 15A This is an external view of the hot water supply system of the hot water manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1110] Figure 15B This is a water circuit and refrigerant circuit diagram of a hot water supply system according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1111] Figure 15CThis is a control block diagram of a hot water supply system according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1112] Figure 15D This is a water circuit and refrigerant circuit diagram of a hot water supply system, which is a first variation of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1113] Figure 15E This is a water circuit and refrigerant circuit diagram of a hot water supply system, which is a second variation of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1114] Figure 15F This is a diagram showing part of the configuration of a hot water circulation heating system of a hot water production apparatus as part of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1115] Figure 15G This is a diagram showing part of the configuration of a hot water circulation heating system according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1116] Figure 15H This is a diagram showing part of the configuration of a hot water circulation heating system according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1117] Figure 15I This is a control block diagram of a hot water circulation heating system according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1118] Figure 15J This is a diagram showing part of the configuration of a hot water circulation heating system of a first variation of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 15.

[1119] Figure 15K This is a diagram showing part of the configuration of a hot water circulation heating system of a second variation of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 15.

[1120] Figure 15L This is a schematic diagram of the hot water supply system of a hot water manufacturing apparatus as the third embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1121] Figure 15M This is a schematic diagram of the heat source unit of the hot water supply system according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1122] Figure 15N This is a control block diagram of the hot water supply system of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 15.

[1123] Figure 16A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 16.

[1124] Figure 16BThis is a front view of an outdoor or indoor heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 16.

[1125] Figure 16C This is a cross-sectional view of the flat tube of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 16.

[1126] Figure 16D This is a schematic perspective view of an outdoor heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 16.

[1127] Figure 16E This is a partial enlarged view of the heat exchanger section of the outdoor heat exchanger of the technology in group 16, cut vertically.

[1128] Figure 16F This is a cross-sectional view along the tube axis of the third embodiment of the technology of Group 16, showing the internal surface grooved tube.

[1129] Figure 16G yes Figure 16F Figure 21 shows a cross-sectional view of the grooved tube on the inner surface along line II.

[1130] Figure 16H It is shown in magnification Figure 16G A partial enlarged view of a portion of the grooved tube on the inner surface, as shown.

[1131] Figure 16I This is a top view showing the configuration of the plate fins of the technology in Group 16.

[1132] Figure 17A This is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioning unit according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 17.

[1133] Figure 17B This is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning unit of the technology in Group 17.

[1134] Figure 17C This is a block diagram showing the electrical connection status of the controller and thermostat in an air conditioning system according to the first embodiment of the technology of Group 17.

[1135] Figure 17D This is a perspective view showing the installation state of an air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the technology of Group 17 in a building.

[1136] Figure 17E This is a perspective view showing the appearance of an air conditioner based on the technology of Group 17.

[1137] Figure 17F This is a perspective view showing the appearance of an air conditioner based on the technology of Group 17.

[1138] Figure 17GThis is a perspective view of the internal structure of an air conditioner used to illustrate the technology of Group 17.

[1139] Figure 17H This is a perspective view of the internal structure of an air conditioner used to illustrate the technology of Group 17.

[1140] Figure 17I This is a perspective view of the internal structure of an air conditioner used to illustrate the technology of Group 17.

[1141] Figure 17J This is a perspective view of the ductwork of an air conditioner used to illustrate the technology in Group 17.

[1142] Figure 17K This is a diagram of the refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the technology of Group 17.

[1143] Figure 17L This is a block diagram of the control system of an air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the technology of Group 17.

[1144] Figure 17M This is a magnified three-dimensional view of the periphery of the left side of the heat exchanger utilizing the technology of Group 17.

[1145] Figure 17N This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the first and second openings of the technology in Group 17 and the various components.

[1146] Figure 17O This is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an air conditioning unit according to the third embodiment of the technology in Group 17.

[1147] Figure 18A This is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the refrigeration cycle of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 18.

[1148] Figure 18B This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the technology utilization unit in group 18.

[1149] Figure 18C This is a Morrill curve diagram showing the operating status of the refrigeration cycle of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 18.

[1150] Figure 18D This is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing the refrigeration cycle of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 18.

[1151] Figure 19A This is a piping system diagram of the refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment of the technology of Group 19.

[1152] Figure 19B This is a diagram showing the mounting structure of the power element 33, refrigerant jacket 20, and heat transfer plate 50 of the technology in group 19.

[1153] Figure 19C This is a schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional shape of the outdoor unit 100 of the technology in Group 19.

[1154] Figure 19D This is the front view of outdoor unit 100 of the technology in group 19.

[1155] Figure 19E This is a side view of the main part of the outdoor unit 100 of the air conditioner 1 according to the second embodiment of the technology of Group 19.

[1156] Figure 20A This is a circuit diagram of an air conditioner for an implementation of the technology in Group 20.

[1157] Figure 20B This is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a dehumidifying solenoid valve according to an embodiment of the technology in Group 20.

[1158] Figure 20C This is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a dehumidifying solenoid valve according to an embodiment of the technology in Group 20.

[1159] Figure 20D This is a diagram showing the configuration of the conical surface of the valve seat of the dehumidifying solenoid valve in an embodiment of the technology of Group 20.

[1160] Figure 21A This is a circuit diagram of the refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner illustrating an embodiment of the technology in Group 21.

[1161] Figure 21B This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the indoor unit of an air conditioner according to an implementation of the technology of Group 21.

[1162] Figure 21C This is a diagram illustrating the configuration of an indoor heat exchanger in an embodiment of the technology in Group 21.

[1163] Figure 21D This is a diagram of the control unit of an air conditioner illustrating an implementation of the technology in Group 21.

[1164] Figure 21E An example of flow rate variation when the opening degree is changed in an expansion valve in an embodiment of the technology in Group 21 is shown.

[1165] Figure 21F This is a diagram illustrating the operation of an air conditioner according to an implementation of the technology in Group 21.

[1166] Figure 22A This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a counter-current type heat exchanger of the technology in Group 22.

[1167] Figure 22BThis is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of a counter-current heat exchanger of the technology in Group 22, (a) being a top view and (b) being a perspective view.

[1168] Figure 22C This is a schematic diagram illustrating one configuration of the refrigerant circuit in the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the first embodiment of the technology of Group 22.

[1169] Figure 22D It is shown Figure 22C A schematic diagram of a modified refrigerant circuit.

[1170] Figure 22E It is shown Figure 22D A schematic diagram of a modified refrigerant circuit.

[1171] Figure 22F It is shown Figure 22D A schematic diagram of a modified refrigerant circuit.

[1172] Figure 22G This is a schematic configuration diagram of the refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning unit, which is an example of the refrigeration cycle device of the second embodiment of the technology in Group 22.

[1173] Figure 22H yes Figure 22G A schematic control block diagram of an air conditioning unit.

[1174] Figure 22I This is a schematic configuration diagram of the refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning unit, which is an example of the refrigeration cycle device of the third embodiment of the technology in Group 22.

[1175] Figure 22J yes Figure 22I A schematic control block diagram of an air conditioning unit.

[1176] Figure 23A This is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit configuration of one embodiment of the technology in Group 23.

[1177] Figure 23B This is a schematic control block diagram of a refrigeration cycle device according to one embodiment of the technology in Group 23.

[1178] Figure 23C This is a comparison table in one embodiment of the technology of Group 23, which lists the outer diameter of the copper pipes used in the gas-side refrigerant connection piping and liquid-side refrigerant connection piping of an air conditioning unit using refrigerant A for each rated cooling capacity, and the outer diameter of the gas-side refrigerant connection piping and liquid-side refrigerant connection piping when aluminum pipes are used instead of copper pipes.

[1179] Figure 23DThis is an implementation of the technology in Group 23, which lists a comparison table of the wall thicknesses of copper and aluminum tubes for each "tube nominal".

[1180] Figure 24A This is a circuit diagram showing the heat storage operation state of the heat storage device according to the first embodiment of the technology of Group 24.

[1181] Figure 24B This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the heat storage tank of the heat storage device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 24.

[1182] Figure 24C This illustrates the heat storage and recovery cooling operation state of the heat storage device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 24. Figure 24A A fairly accurate diagram.

[1183] Figure 24D This is a cross-sectional view showing the state of ice adhesion on the cooling pipe of the heat storage device of the first embodiment of the technology of Group 24.

[1184] Figure 24E It is shown that... Figure 24B A diagram showing a modified example of a cooling pipe.

[1185] Figure 24F This is a circuit diagram showing the heat storage operation state of the heat storage device according to the second embodiment of the technology of Group 24.

[1186] Figure 24G This illustrates the heat storage and recovery cooling operation state of the heat storage device according to the second embodiment of the technology in Group 24. Figure 24F A fairly accurate diagram.

[1187] Figure 24H This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the heat storage tank during the heat storage recovery and refrigeration operation of the heat storage device of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 24.

[1188] Figure 24I This is a cross-sectional view of the heat storage tank during heat storage recovery and refrigeration operation of the heat storage device of the second embodiment of the technology of Group 24.

[1189] Figure 25A This is a schematic configuration diagram of the heat load handling system of a refrigeration device according to the first embodiment of the technology in Group 25.

[1190] Figure 25B This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the heat load handling system according to the first embodiment of the technology of Group 25.

[1191] Figure 25C This is a control block diagram of the heat load handling system of the first embodiment of the technology in Group 25.

[1192] Figure 25D This is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a binary refrigeration device, which is the second embodiment of the refrigeration device of the technology in Group 25.

[1193] Figure 25E This is a circuit diagram of the air conditioning hot water supply system of the refrigeration device, which is the second embodiment of the technology in Group 25. Detailed Implementation (1)

[1195] (1-1) Definition of terms

[1196] In this specification, the term "refrigerant" includes at least compounds designated by ISO 817 (International Organization for Standardization) with refrigerant numbers (ASHRAE numbers) beginning with the letter R to indicate the type of refrigerant. It also includes substances that, although not designated with a refrigerant number, possess equivalent refrigerant properties. Refrigerants are broadly classified into "fluorocarbon compounds" and "non-fluorocarbon compounds" based on their compound structure. "Fluorocarbon compounds" include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Examples of "non-fluorocarbon compounds" include propane (R290), propylene (R1270), butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), carbon dioxide (R744), and ammonia (R717).

[1197] In this specification, the term "composition containing refrigerant" includes at least: (1) the refrigerant itself (including refrigerant mixtures); (2) a composition further comprising other components that can be used to obtain a working fluid for a refrigeration machine by mixing with at least refrigeration oil; and (3) a working fluid for a refrigeration machine containing refrigeration oil. In this specification, the composition of (2) in these three forms is distinguished from the refrigerant itself (including refrigerant mixtures) and is referred to as "refrigerant composition". In addition, the working fluid for a refrigeration machine of (3) is distinguished from "refrigerant composition" and is referred to as "working fluid containing refrigeration oil".

[1198] In this specification, the term "replacement," when used in statements where a second refrigerant is used to "replace" a first refrigerant, refers to a situation where, in equipment designed for operation with the first refrigerant, only minor changes to required components (at least one of other components such as refrigerant oil, gaskets, seals, expansion valves, dryers, etc.) and equipment adjustments are made, allowing the second refrigerant to operate under optimal conditions. In other words, this type refers to operating the same equipment by "replacing" the refrigerant. As methods of this type of "replacement," in order of the least degree of change or adjustment required when replacing with the second refrigerant, there are "direct (drop-in) replacement," "nearly direct (drop-in) replacement," and "retrofit."

[1199] As a second type, in order to serve the same purpose as the existing use of the first refrigerant, a device designed to operate using the second refrigerant is used with a second refrigerant; this also falls under the term "substitution." This type refers to "replacing" the refrigerant to provide the same purpose.

[1200] In this specification, the term "refrigerator" refers to any device that reduces the temperature of an object or space to a lower temperature than the surrounding external air and maintains that low temperature. In other words, a refrigerator is an energy conversion device that moves heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature to obtain energy from the outside to perform work.

[1201] In this invention, "non-flammable" means that the WCF (Worst case of formulation for flammability) composition, which is the most flammable component in the refrigerant's permissible concentration, is classified as "Class 1" in the US ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard.

[1202] In this manual, "weakly flammable" for refrigerant means that the WCF composition is classified as "Level 2" in the US ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard.

[1203] In this invention, "ASHRAE non-flammable" for refrigerant refers to a situation where the WCF or WCFF composition is specifically designated as non-flammable in tests conducted using the apparatus and methods based on ASTM E681-2009 [Standard Test Method for Flammability Concentration Limits of Chemicals (Vapor and Gas)], and is respectively classified as "Class 1 ASHRAE Non-flammable (WCF Non-flammable)" or "Class 1 ASHRAE Non-flammable (WCFF Non-flammable)". It should be noted that the WCFF composition (Worst case of fractionation forflammability) is specified through leakage tests conducted during storage, transportation, and use based on ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013.

[1204] In this manual, "slightly flammable" for refrigerant means that the WCF composition is classified as "2L" in the US ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard.

[1205] In this specification, "WCF slightly flammable" means that, according to the American ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard, the worst case of formulation for flammability (WCF) has a combustion rate of less than 10 cm / s. Additionally, "ASHRAE slightly flammable" means that the WCF has a combustion rate of less than 10 cm / s, and the worst case of fractionation for flammability (WCFF) determined through leakage tests conducted using WCF during storage, transportation, and use based on ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 has a combustion rate of less than 10 cm / s. The flammability classification of this refrigerant according to the American ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013 standard is "2L".

[1206] In this specification, temperature glide can be referred to as the absolute value of the difference between the starting temperature and the ending temperature of the phase change process of a composition containing the refrigerant of the present invention within the components of a thermal cycling system.

[1207] In this manual, "vehicle air conditioning equipment" refers to a type of refrigeration device used in vehicles such as gasoline vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and hydrogen-powered vehicles. Vehicle air conditioning equipment is a refrigeration device consisting of the following refrigeration cycle: heat exchange occurs between the liquid refrigerant and the evaporator; the compressor draws in the evaporated refrigerant gas; the condenser cools the adiabatic compressed refrigerant gas, liquefying it; the condenser then allows the gas to undergo adiabatic expansion through an expansion valve, after which it is supplied back to the evaporator as liquid refrigerant.

[1208] In this specification, "turbo chiller" refers to a type of large-scale chiller. A turbo chiller is a refrigeration device consisting of the following refrigeration cycle: heat exchange occurs between the liquid refrigerant and an evaporator; a centrifugal compressor draws in the evaporated refrigerant gas; the condenser cools the adiabatically compressed refrigerant gas, liquefying it; the condenser then allows the gas to undergo adiabatic expansion through an expansion valve, and the liquefied refrigerant is supplied back to the evaporator as liquid refrigerant. It should be noted that the aforementioned "large-scale chiller" refers to a large-scale air conditioning unit intended for use in building units.

[1209] In this manual, "saturation pressure" refers to the pressure of saturated vapor.

[1210] In this manual, "discharge temperature" refers to the temperature of the mixed refrigerant at the compressor's discharge port.

[1211] In this manual, "evaporation pressure" refers to the saturation pressure at the evaporation temperature.

[1212] In this specification, "critical temperature" refers to the temperature at the critical point, which is the boundary temperature at which a compressed gas cannot become a liquid unless its temperature is below this critical point.

[1213] In this specification, the evaporation temperature in a refrigeration cycle refers to the temperature at which the refrigerant liquid absorbs heat and becomes vapor during the evaporation process of the refrigeration cycle. The evaporation temperature in a refrigeration cycle can be determined by measuring the temperatures at the evaporator inlet and / or evaporator outlet. In the case of a single refrigerant and an azeotropic refrigerant, the evaporation temperature is constant. However, in the case of a non-azeotropic refrigerant, the evaporation temperature is the average of the evaporator inlet temperature and the dew point temperature. That is, in the case of a non-azeotropic refrigerant, it can be calculated as "evaporation temperature = (evaporator inlet temperature + dew point temperature) / 2".

[1214] In this specification, GWP refers to the value based on the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Fourth Report.

[1215] In this specification, the description of "mass ratio" has the same meaning as the description of "composition ratio".

[1216] In this specification, the numerical range indicated by “~” represents the range of minimum and maximum values, including the values ​​recorded before and after “~”.

[1217] In this specification, the terms “contains” and “includes” are used based on the concepts of “substantially constitutes…” and “consistent only of…”.

[1218] In this specification, the term "refrigeration device" broadly refers to any device that reduces the temperature of an object or space to a lower temperature than the surrounding external air and maintains that low temperature. In other words, broadly speaking, a refrigeration device is an energy conversion device that works by transferring energy from the outside to move heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature. In this invention, the term "refrigeration device" has the same meaning as "heat pump" in a broad sense.

[1219] Furthermore, in this invention, in a narrow sense, refrigeration devices and heat pumps are distinguished based on the difference in the temperature range utilized and the operating temperature. In this case, sometimes a device that places a low-temperature heat source in a temperature range below atmospheric temperature is called a refrigeration device, while a device that utilizes the heat dissipation generated by placing a low-temperature heat source near atmospheric temperature and driving a refrigeration cycle is called a heat pump. It should be noted that, like air conditioners with "cooling mode" and "heating mode," there are also devices that, although identical in design, combine the functions of both a refrigeration device and a heat pump in the narrow sense. In this specification, unless otherwise stated, "refrigeration device" and "heat pump" are used in their broadest sense.

[1220] (1-2) Refrigerant

[1221] As detailed below, any one of the refrigerants X, Y, A, B, C, D and E of the present invention (sometimes referred to as "the refrigerant of the present invention") can be used as a refrigerant.

[1222] (1-3) Various refrigerants

[1223] The refrigerants used in this invention, namely refrigerant X, refrigerant Y, and refrigerants A to E, will be described in detail below.

[1224] It should be noted that the descriptions of refrigerant X, refrigerant Y, refrigerant A, refrigerant B, refrigerant C, refrigerant D, and refrigerant E are all independent of each other. The letters representing points and line segments, the numbers of the embodiments, and the numbers of the comparative examples are all independent of each of the refrigerant X, refrigerant Y, refrigerant A, refrigerant B, refrigerant C, refrigerant D, and refrigerant E.

[1225] (1-3-1) Refrigerant X

[1226] 1. Refrigerant

[1227] 1.1 Refrigerant Composition

[1228] The refrigerant of the present invention is a mixed refrigerant comprising CO2, as well as R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf.

[1229] The refrigerant of the present invention has various characteristics that are preferable as a refrigerant to replace R410A. That is, it has a refrigerating capacity equivalent to R410A, a sufficiently small GWP, and is slightly flammable.

[1230] For the refrigerant of the present invention, when the mass % of CO2, and R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total is set to w, and x, y, and z, respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass %, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range of or on the above-mentioned line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI) surrounded by the curves IJ, curve JK, and curve KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, straight line B”D, straight line DC, and straight line CI.

[1231] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1232] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1233] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[1234] Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w)

[1235] Point B”(-1.5278w 2 + 2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 - 3.75w + 49.5) [[ID=2,4]]

[1236] Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683)

[1237] Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683)

[1238] In the range of or on the above-mentioned line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI) surrounded by the curves IJ, curve JK, and curve KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, straight line B”D, straight line DC, and straight line CI.

[1239] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range of or on the above-mentioned line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI) surrounded by the curves IJ, curve JK, and curve KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, straight line B”D, straight line DC, and straight line CI.

[1240] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1241] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1242] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[1243] Point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w)

[1244] Point B”(51.6,0.0,48.4 - w)

[1245] Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211,0.0,1.8226w + 59.789)

[1246] Point C(0.0,0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447,-0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[1247] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, B”D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI),

[1248] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x,y,z) are in the

[1249] Point I(0.0,72.0,28.0 - w)

[1250] Point J(18.3,48.5,33.2 - w)

[1251] Point K(36.8,35.6,27.6 - w)

[1252] Point L(51.7,28.9,19.4 - w)

[1253] Point B”(51.6,0.0,48.4 - w)

[1254] Point D(-2.8w + 40.1,0.0,1.8w + 59.9)

[1255] Point C(0.0,0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3,-0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7)

[1256] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB”, B”D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight lines B”D and CI), and,

[1257] The curve IJ is formed by

[1258] Coordinates (x,0.0236x 2 - 1.716x + 72,-0.0236x 2 + 0.716x + 28 - w)

[1259] as shown

[1260] The curve JK is represented by

[1261] coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 - 1.2222x + 67.676, - 0.0095x 2 + 0.2222x + 32.324 - w)

[1262] as shown

[1263] The curve KL is represented by

[1264] coordinates (x, 0.0049x 2 - 0.8842x + 61.488, - 0.0049x 2 - 0.1158x + 38.512)

[1265] as shown

[1266] For the refrigerant of the present invention, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 350 or less, and it is slightly flammable in WCF.

[1267] For the refrigerant of the present invention, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf based on their total are set to w, x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO - 1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, if

[1268] when 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following 5 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[1269] point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1270] point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1271] point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[1272] point F(- 0.0833w + 36.717, - 4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997)

[1273] point C(0.0, - 4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683)

[1274] where the figure is surrounded by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 5 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[1275] When 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following five points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI):

[1276] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1277] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1278] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[1279] Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5)

[1280] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[1281] When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI):

[1282] When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI):

[1283] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1284] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1285] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[1286] Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4)

[1287] Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789)

[1288] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[1289] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI):

[1290] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting the following six points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI):

[1291] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1292] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1293] Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w)

[1294] Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4)

[1295] Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9)

[1296] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7)

[1297] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 6 points respectively, and the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and the curve IJ is formed by

[1298] Coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w)

[1299] represented by

[1300] The curve JK is formed by

[1301] Coordinates (x, 0.0095x 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 +0.2222x + 32.324 - w)

[1302] is preferred. When the refrigerant of the present invention meets the above conditions, the refrigeration capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 250 or less, and it is slightly flammable for WCF.

[1303] For the refrigerant of the present invention, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, if

[1304] When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range where

[1305] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1306] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1307] Point E(18.2, -1.1111w 2 -3.1667w + 31.9, 1.1111w 2 +2.1667w + 49.9)

[1308] Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683)

[1309] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[1310] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the case of

[1311] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1312] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1313] Point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 -4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 +3.5746w + 49.884)

[1314] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553)

[1315] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line CI),

[1316] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the case of

[1317] Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w)

[1318] Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w)

[1319] Point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 -4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w2 +3.3556w + 50.489)

[1320] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 -4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w + 41.7)

[1321] Within the range of the figure surrounded by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines KF, FC, and CI (excluding the points on the straight line CI), and,

[1322] The curve IJ is formed by

[1323] Coordinates (x, 0.0236x 2 -1.716x + 72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x + 28 - w)

[1324] It is preferable. When the refrigerant of the present invention satisfies the above conditions, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 125 or less, and it is slightly flammable for WCF.

[1325] For the refrigerant of the present invention, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, if

[1326] When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range formed by

[1327] Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w + 51.6)

[1328] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6)

[1329] Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w + 27.8)

[1330] Point B”(-1.5278w2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5)

[1331] Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683)

[1332] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves GO and OP formed by connecting these 5 points respectively, and the straight lines PB'', B''D, and DG, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line B''D),

[1333] When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at

[1334] Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w + 51.6)

[1335] Point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 +3w + 27.7, -0.2778w 2 -4w + 54.1)

[1336] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6)

[1337] Point P(51.7, 1.1111w 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w + 27.8)

[1338] Point B''(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5)

[1339] Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683)

[1340] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves GN, NO, OP formed by connecting these 6 points respectively, and the straight lines PB'', B''D, and DG, or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the straight line B''D),

[1341] And,

[1342] The curve GO is represented by

[1343] coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[1344] as shown.

[1345] The curve GN is represented by

[1346] coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (-0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y)

[1347] as shown.

[1348] The curve NO is represented by

[1349] coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (-0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[1350] as shown.

[1351] The curve OP is represented by

[1352] coordinates (x, (0.0074w 2 - 0.0133w + 0.0064)x 2 + (-0.5839w 2 + 1.0268w - 0.7103)x + 11.472w 2 - 17.455w + 40.07, 100 - w - x - y)

[1353] as shown.

[1354] When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in

[1355] Point M(0.0, -0.3004w) 2 +2.419w +55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w +44.47)

[1356] Point W(10.0, -0.3645w) 2 +3.5024w +44.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w +55.57)

[1357] Point N(18.2, -0.3773w) 2 +3.319w +28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w +53.54)

[1358] Point O(36.8, -0.1392w) 2 +1.4381w +24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w+38.725)

[1359] Point P(51.7, -0.2381w) 2 +1.881w +20.186,0.2381w 2 -2.881w +28.114)

[1360] Point B (51.6, 0.0, -w+48.4)

[1361] Point D(-2.8226w+40.211,0.0,1.8226w+59.789)

[1362] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553)

[1363] The area enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP formed by connecting these 8 points, as well as the lines PB”, B”D, DC, and CM, or the aforementioned line segments (excluding points on lines B”D and CM), and...

[1364] Curve MW by

[1365] Coordinates (x, (0.0043w) 2 -0.0359w+0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2+0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y)

[1366] as shown

[1367] The curve WN is represented by

[1368] coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[1369] as shown

[1370] The curve NO is represented by

[1371] coordinates (x, (- 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0375w 2 - 0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 + 6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y)

[1372] as shown

[1373] The curve OP is represented by

[1374] coordinates (x, (- 0.000463w 2 + 0.0024w - 0.0011)x 2 + (0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y)

[1375] as shown

[1376] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at the

[1377] point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867)

[1378] point W(10.0, - 0.0667w 2+1.1w +39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w+50.733)

[1379] Point N(18.2, -0.0889w) 2 +1.3778w +31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w+50.389)

[1380] Point O(36.8, -0.0444w) 2 +0.6889w +25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w+37.244)

[1381] Point P(51.7, -0.0667w) 2 +0.8333w +21.633,0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 26.667)

[1382] Point B (51.6, 0.0, -w+48.4)

[1383] Point D(-2.8w+40.1,0.0,1.8w+59.9)

[1384] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7)

[1385] The area enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP formed by connecting these 8 points, as well as the lines PB”, B”D, DC, and CM, or the aforementioned line segments (excluding points on lines B”D and CM), and...

[1386] Curve MW by

[1387] Coordinates (x, (0.00357w) 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103,100-wxy)

[1388] The meaning is,

[1389] Curve WN is

[1390] Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w)2 +0.0218w - 0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w - 0.1108)x - 0.4158w 2 +4.7352w + 43.383, 100 - w - x - y)

[1391] as shown by

[1392] Curve NO is represented by

[1393] coordinates (x, 0.0082x 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w - 0.7521)x - 0.1307w 2 +2.0247w + 42.327, 100 - w - x - y)

[1394] as shown by

[1395] Curve OP is represented by

[1396] coordinates (x, (-0.0006258w 2 +0.0066w - 0.0153)x 2 +(0.0516w 2 -0.5478w + 0.9894)x - 1.074w 2 +11.651w + 10.992, 100 - w - x - y)

[1397] is preferred. When the refrigerant of the present invention satisfies the above conditions, the refrigerating capacity ratio based on R410A is 80% or more, the GWP is 350 or less, and it is slightly flammable according to ASHRAE.

[1398] For the refrigerant of the present invention, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass%, if

[1399] when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) are at the

[1400] point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w + 51.6)

[1401] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6)

[1402] Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997)

[1403] Within the range of the figure surrounded by the curve GO formed by connecting these three points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, or on the above line segments, and

[1404] The curve GO is composed of

[1405] Coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 -0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 -0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[1406] Indicated by

[1407] When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of

[1408] Point G(-5.8333w 2 -3.1667w + 22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w + 26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w + 51.6)

[1409] Point N(18.2, 0.2778w 2 +3.0w + 27.7, -0.2.778w 2 -4.0w + 54.1)

[1410] Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w + 22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w + 40.6)

[1411] Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997)

[1412] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves GN and NO formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, as well as the straight lines OF and FG, or on the above line segments, and,

[1413] The curve GN is represented by

[1414] coordinates (x, (0.0122w 2 - 0.0113w + 0.0313)x 2 + (- 0.3582w 2 + 0.1624w - 1.4551)x + 2.7889w 2 + 3.7417w + 43.824, 100 - w - x - y)

[1415] when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2,

[1416] The curve NO is represented by

[1417] coordinates (x, (0.00487w 2 - 0.0059w + 0.0072)x 2 + (- 0.279w 2 + 0.2844w - 0.6701)x + 3.7639w 2 - 0.2467w + 37.512, 100 - w - x - y)

[1418] when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2,

[1419] When 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) are among

[1420] point M(0.0, - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47)

[1421] point W(10.0, - 0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578)

[1422] point N(18.2, - 0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54)

[1423] point O(36.8, - 0.1392w 2 + 1.4381w + 24.475, 0.1392w 2 - 2.4381w + 38.725)

[1424] Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5)

[1425] Point C(0.1081w 2 -5.169w + 58.447, 0.0, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w + 41.553)

[1426] Within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, curve WN, and curve NO, and the straight lines OF, FC, and CM formed by connecting these 6 points respectively (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and

[1427] The curve MW is represented by

[1428] Coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 -0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 +2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y)

[1429] as shown

[1430] The curve WN is represented by

[1431] Coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 -0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 -2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[1432] as shown

[1433] The curve NO is represented by

[1434] Coordinates (x, (-0.00062w 2 +0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 -0.239w - 0.4977)x - 0.8575w 2 +6.4941w + 36.078, 100 - w - x - y)

[1435] as shown

[1436] When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the case of

[1437] Point M(0.0, -0.3004w) 2 +2.419w +55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w +44.47)

[1438] Point W(10.0, -0.3645w) 2 +3.5024w +34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w +55.578)

[1439] Point N(18.2, -0.3773w) 2 +3.319w +28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w +53.54)

[1440] Point O(36.8, -0.1392w) 2 +1.4381w +24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w+38.725)

[1441] Point B'(36.6,0.0,-w+63.4)

[1442] Point D(-2.8226w+40.211,0.0,1.8226w+59.789)

[1443] Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553)

[1444] The area enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO formed by connecting these 7 points, as well as the lines OB', B'D, DC, and CM, or the aforementioned line segments (excluding points on line CM), and...

[1445] Curve MW by

[1446] Coordinates (x, (0.0043w) 2 -0.0359w+0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w-3.6193)x-0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53,100-wxy)

[1447] The meaning is,

[1448] The curve WN is represented by

[1449] coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (- 0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[1450] as shown.

[1451] The curve NO is represented by

[1452] coordinates (x, (- 0.00062w 2 + 0.0036w + 0.0037)x 2 + (0.0457w 2 - 0.2581w - 0.075)x - 1.355w 2 + 8.749w + 27.096, 100 - w - x - y)

[1453] as shown.

[1454] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are between

[1455] point M(0.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867)

[1456] point W(10.0, - 0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733)

[1457] point N(18.2, - 0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389)

[1458] point O(36.8, - 0.0444w 2 + 0.6889w + 25.956, 0.0444w 2 - 1.6889w + 37.244)

[1459] point B’(36.6, 0.0, - w + 63.4)

[1460] Point D(-2.8w+40.1,0.0,1.8w+59.9)

[1461] Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7)

[1462] The area enclosed by the curves MW, WN, and NO formed by connecting these 7 points, as well as the lines OB', B'D, DC, and CM, or the aforementioned line segments (excluding points on line CM), and...

[1463] Curve MW by

[1464] Coordinates (x, (0.00357w) 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103,100-wxy)

[1465] The meaning is,

[1466] Curve WN is

[1467] Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w) 2 +0.0218w-0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w-0.1108)x-0.4158w 2 +4.7352w+43.383,100-wxy)

[1468] The meaning is,

[1469] Curve NO is

[1470] Coordinates (x, (0.0082x) 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w-0.7521)x-0.1307w 2 +2.0247w+42.327,100-wxy)

[1471] The indicated values ​​are preferred. The refrigerant of the present invention, when meeting the above conditions, has a cooling capacity ratio of 80% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 250 or less, and is ASHRAE slightly flammable.

[1472] For the refrigerant of the present invention, when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass%, if

[1473] when 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW and WN formed by connecting the following five points respectively, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and

[1474] point M(0.0, -0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 0.3004w 2 - 3.419w + 44.47)

[1475] point W(10.0, -0.3645w 2 + 3.5024w + 34.422, 0.3645w 2 - 4.5024w + 55.578)

[1476] point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 + 3.319w + 28.26, 0.3773w 2 - 4.319w + 53.54)

[1477] point E(-0.0365w + 18.26, 0.0623w 2 - 4.5381w + 31.856, -0.0623w 2 + 3.5746w + 49.884)

[1478] point C(0.0, 0.1081w 2 - 5.169w + 58.447, -0.1081w 2 + 4.169w + 41.553)

[1479] within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW and WN formed by connecting these five points respectively, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and,

[1480] the curve MW is composed of

[1481] coordinates (x, (0.0043w 2 - 0.0359w + 0.1509)x 2 + (-0.0493w 2 + 0.4669w - 3.6193)x - 0.3004w 2 + 2.419w + 55.53, 100 - w - x - y)

[1482] as shown

[1483] The curve WN is composed of

[1484] coordinates (x, (0.0055w 2 - 0.0326w + 0.0665)x 2 + (-0.1571w 2 + 0.8981w - 2.6274)x + 0.6555w 2 - 2.2153w + 54.044, 100 - w - x - y)

[1485] as shown

[1486] When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW and WN formed by connecting the following five points respectively, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and

[1487] point M(0.0, -0.0667w 2 + 0.8333w + 58.133, 0.0667w 2 - 1.8333w + 41.867)

[1488] point W(10.0, -0.0667w 2 + 1.1w + 39.267, 0.0667w 2 - 2.1w + 50.733)

[1489] point N(18.2, -0.0889w 2 + 1.3778w + 31.411, 0.0889w 2 - 2.3778w + 50.389)

[1490] point E(18.1, 0.0444w 2 - 4.3556w + 31.411, -0.0444w 2 + 3.3556w + 50.489)

[1491] point C(0.0, 0.0667w 2 - 4.9667w + 58.3, -0.0667w 2 + 3.9667w + 41.7)

[1492] within the range of the figure enclosed by the curves MW and WN formed by connecting these five points respectively, and the straight lines NE, EC, and CM (excluding the points on the straight line CM), and

[1493] The curve MW is composed of

[1494] coordinates (x, (0.00357w2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103,100-wxy)

[1495] The meaning is,

[1496] Curve WN is

[1497] Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w) 2 +0.0218w-0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w-0.1108)x-0.4158w 2 +4.7352w+43.383,100-wxy)

[1498] The indicated values ​​are preferred. The refrigerant of the present invention, when meeting the above conditions, has a cooling capacity ratio of 80% or more based on R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and is ASHRAE slightly flammable.

[1499] The refrigerant of the present invention may contain additional refrigerants besides CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, without impairing the aforementioned properties or effects. In this regard, the refrigerant of the present invention preferably contains, relative to the total refrigerant, CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf at a total of 99.5% by mass or more, more preferably 99.75% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99.9% by mass or more.

[1500] There are no particular limitations on the type of refrigerant that can be added; a wide range of options are acceptable. A mixed refrigerant may contain only one type of added refrigerant, or it may contain two or more types.

[1501] 1.2 Applications

[1502] The refrigerant of the present invention can preferably be used as the working fluid in a refrigeration machine.

[1503] The compositions of the present invention are suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[1504] 2. Refrigerant composition

[1505] The refrigerant composition of the present invention contains at least the refrigerant of the present invention and can be used for the same purposes as the refrigerant of the present invention. Furthermore, the refrigerant composition of the present invention can be further used to obtain a working fluid for a refrigeration machine by mixing it at least with refrigeration oil.

[1506] In addition to the refrigerant of the present invention, the refrigerant composition of the present invention also contains at least one other component. Depending on the need, the refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain at least one of the following other components. As mentioned above, when the refrigerant composition of the present invention is used as a working fluid in a refrigeration machine, it is typically used in combination with at least refrigeration oil. Therefore, the refrigerant composition of the present invention preferably does not substantially contain refrigeration oil. Specifically, the content of refrigeration oil in the refrigerant composition of the present invention relative to the total refrigerant composition is preferably 0 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0 to 0.1% by mass.

[1507] 2.1 Water

[1508] The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain trace amounts of water. The water content in the refrigerant composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or less relative to the total refrigerant. By including trace amounts of water in the refrigerant composition, the intramolecular double bonds of the unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds contained in the refrigerant can be stabilized. Furthermore, oxidation of the unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds is less likely to occur, thus improving the stability of the refrigerant composition.

[1509] 2.2 Tracers

[1510] In cases where the refrigerant composition of the present invention is diluted, contaminated, or otherwise modified, a tracer is added to the refrigerant composition of the present invention at a detectable concentration in order to track such changes.

[1511] The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain only one tracer or two or more tracers.

[1512] There are no particular limitations on the tracer used; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used tracers. Preferably, a compound that cannot become an impurity inevitably mixed into the refrigerant of the present invention is selected as the tracer.

[1513] Examples of tracers include hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, deuterated hydrocarbons, deuterated hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers, brominated compounds, iodinated compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and nitrous oxide (N₂O). Hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, and fluoroethers are particularly preferred as tracers.

[1514] Specifically, the following compounds are preferred as the tracers described above.

[1515] FC-14 (Tetrafluoromethane, CF4)

[1516] HCC-40 (chloromethane, CH3Cl)

[1517] HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, CHF3)

[1518] HFC-41 (fluoromethane, CH3Cl)

[1519] HFC-125 (pentafluoroethane, CF3CHF2)

[1520] HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, CF3CH2F)

[1521] HFC-134 (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, CHF2CHF2)

[1522] HFC-143a (1,1,1-trifluoroethane, CF3CH3)

[1523] HFC-143 (1,1,2-trifluoroethane, CHF2CH2F)

[1524] HFC-152a (1,1-difluoroethane, CHF2CH3)

[1525] HFC-152 (1,2-difluoroethane, CH2FCH2F)

[1526] HFC-161 (fluoroethane, CH3CH2F)

[1527] HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, CF3CH2CHF2)

[1528] HFC-236fa (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF3CH2CF3)

[1529] HFC-236ea (1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF3CHFCHF2)

[1530] HFC-227ea (1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, CF3CHFCF3)

[1531] HCFC-22 (dichlorofluoromethane, CHClF2)

[1532] HCFC-31 (chlorofluoromethane, CH2ClF)

[1533] CFC-1113 (trifluorochloroethylene, CF2=CClF)

[1534] HFE-125 (trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether, CF3OCHF2)

[1535] HFE-134a (trifluoromethyl-fluoromethyl ether, CF3OCH2F)

[1536] HFE-143a (trifluoromethyl methyl ether, CF3OCH3)

[1537] HFE-227ea (trifluoromethyl tetrafluoroethyl ether, CF3OCHFCF3)

[1538] HFE-236fa (trifluoromethyl-trifluoroethyl ether, CF3OCH2CF3)

[1539] The tracer compound can be present in the refrigerant composition at a total concentration of about 10 parts per million (ppm) to about 1000 ppm. Preferably, the tracer compound is present in the refrigerant composition at a total concentration of about 30 ppm to about 500 ppm, and most preferably, the tracer compound is present in the refrigerant composition at a total concentration of about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm.

[1540] 2.3 Ultraviolet Fluorescent Dyes

[1541] The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain only one ultraviolet fluorescent dye, or it may contain two or more.

[1542] As an ultraviolet fluorescent dye, there are no particular limitations, and it can be appropriately selected from commonly used ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

[1543] Examples of ultraviolet fluorescent dyes include naphthalenediimide, coumarin, anthracene, phenanthrene, xanthan, thioxanthan, naphthoxanthan, and fluorescein, as well as their derivatives. Naphthalenediimide and either or both of coumarin are particularly preferred as ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

[1544] 2.4 Stabilizers

[1545] The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain one stabilizer alone, or it may contain two or more stabilizers.

[1546] As a stabilizer, there are no particular limitations; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used stabilizers.

[1547] Examples of stabilizers include nitro compounds, ethers, and amines.

[1548] Examples of nitro compounds include aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane and nitroethane, and aromatic nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene and nitrostyrene.

[1549] Examples of ethers include 1,4-dioxane.

[1550] Examples of amines include 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine and diphenylamine.

[1551] In addition, butylated hydroxyxylene and benzotriazole can be cited as examples.

[1552] The proportion of stabilizer is not particularly limited, but it is generally preferred to be 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass, relative to the total refrigerant.

[1553] 2.5 Polymerization inhibitor

[1554] The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain one polymerization inhibitor alone, or it may contain two or more inhibitors.

[1555] There are no particular limitations on the type of polymerization inhibitor used; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used polymerization inhibitors.

[1556] Examples of polymerization inhibitors include 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ether, dimethyl tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and benzotriazole.

[1557] The proportion of the polymerization inhibitor is not particularly limited, but it is generally preferred to be 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass, relative to the total refrigerant.

[1558] 3. Working fluid containing refrigeration oil

[1559] The working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention comprises at least the refrigerant or refrigerant composition of the present invention and refrigeration oil, and is used as a working fluid in a refrigeration machine. Specifically, the working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention is obtained by mixing refrigeration oil used in the compressor of a refrigeration machine with a refrigerant or refrigerant composition. The working fluid containing refrigeration oil typically contains 10 to 50% by mass of refrigeration oil.

[1560] 3.1 Refrigeration oil

[1561] The composition of the present invention may contain only one type of refrigeration oil or two or more types.

[1562] There are no particular limitations on the type of refrigeration oil used; any commonly used refrigeration oil can be selected. However, depending on the requirements, a refrigeration oil that excels in improving the miscibility and stability of the aforementioned mixture can be chosen.

[1563] As a base oil for refrigeration oil, it is preferably selected from at least one of the group consisting of polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyol ester (POE), and polyvinyl ether (PVE).

[1564] In addition to base oil, refrigeration oil may also contain additives. Additives may be at least one selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, extreme pressure agents, acid scavengers, oxygen scavengers, copper passivators, rust inhibitors, oiliness agents, and defoamers.

[1565] From a lubrication perspective, refrigeration oils with a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 400 cSt at 40°C are preferred for use as refrigeration oils.

[1566] Depending on the requirements, the working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention may also contain at least one additive. Examples of additives include, for instance, compatibilizers.

[1567] 3.2 Compatibilizer

[1568] The working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention may contain only one compatibilizer or two or more.

[1569] There are no particular limitations on the compatibilizer; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used compatibilizers.

[1570] Examples of compatibilizers include polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers, amides, nitriles, ketones, chlorocarbons, esters, lactones, aryl ethers, fluoroethers, and 1,1,1-trifluoroalkanes. Polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers are particularly preferred as compatibilizers.

[1571] 4. Operation method of refrigeration unit

[1572] The method of operating the refrigeration machine of the present invention is a method of operating the refrigeration machine using the refrigerant of the present invention.

[1573] Specifically, the method of operating the refrigeration machine of the present invention includes the step of circulating the refrigerant of the present invention in the refrigeration machine.

[1574] The embodiments have been described above, but it is understood that various changes can be made to the methods and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

[1575] Example

[1576] The following examples illustrate the invention in a more detailed manner. However, the invention is not limited to these examples.

[1577] The combustion rates of CO2 and various refrigerant mixtures, including R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, were determined according to ANSI / ASHRAE 34-2013. The CO2 concentration was varied, and the composition showing a combustion rate of 10 cm / s was identified. The identified compositions are listed in Tables 1–3.

[1578] It should be noted that the combustion rate test uses... Figure 1A The apparatus shown is as follows. First, the mixed refrigerant used is made to a purity of 99.5% or higher, and cycles of freezing, evacuation, and thawing are repeated until no trace of air is visible on the vacuum gauge, thus degassing. The combustion rate is determined by a closed-loop method. The initial temperature is ambient temperature. Ignition is achieved by generating an electric spark between the electrodes at the center of the sample cell. The discharge duration is 1.0–9.9 ms, and the ignition energy is typically about 0.1–1.0 J. The flame spread is visualized using schlieren photography. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) with two acrylic windows for light transmission is used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp is used as the light source. Schlieren images of the flame are recorded at 600 fps using a high-speed digital camera and stored on a PC.

[1579] The WCFF concentration was determined by using the WCF concentration as the initial concentration and performing leakage simulations using the NIST standard reference database Refleak version 4.0.

[1580] Table 1

[1581] 0% CO2

[1582]

[1583] 0.6% CO2

[1584]

[1585] 1.2% CO2

[1586]

[1587] 1.3% CO2

[1588]

[1589] 2.5% CO2

[1590]

[1591] 4.0% CO2

[1592]

[1593] 5.5% CO2

[1594]

[1595] 7.0% CO2

[1596]

[1597] [Table 2] 0% CO2

[1598]

[1599] 0.6% CO2

[1600]

[1601] 1.2% CO2

[1602]

[1603]

[1604] 1.3% CO2

[1605]

[1606] [Table 3] 2.5% CO2

[1607]

[1608] 4.0% CO2

[1609]

[1610] 5.5% CO2

[1611]

[1612]

[1613] 7.0% CO2

[1614]

[1615] These results show that when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf (based on their sum) are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, the mass percentages of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf are (100-w) mass%. Figures 1B to 1I In the three-component composition diagram, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on or below the line segment connecting points I, J, K, and L, it is WCF (microflammable).

[1616] Furthermore, it can be known that: Figure 1B In the three-component composition diagram, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on or below the line segment connecting points M, N, O, and P, it is considered ASHRAE slightly combustible.

[1617] For R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf, they were mixed according to the mass percentages shown in Tables 4-14, based on their total amount, to prepare mixed refrigerants. For each mixed refrigerant in Tables 4-11, the coefficient of performance (COP) ratio and cooling capacity ratio based on R410 were calculated.

[1618] The GWP of compositions containing a mixture of R1234yf and R410A (R32 = 50% / R125 = 50%) was evaluated based on values ​​from the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Fourth Report. The GWP of HFO-1132(E) is not recorded, but based on HFO-1132a (GWP = 1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP = 0.3, recorded in Patent Document 1), its GWP is assumed to be 1. The refrigeration capacity of compositions containing mixtures of R410A and HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf was determined using theoretical calculations of the mixed refrigerant refrigeration cycle under the following conditions, using the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) Reference Fluid Thermodynamics and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0).

[1619] Evaporation temperature: 5℃

[1620] Condensation temperature: 45℃

[1621] Overheating: 5K

[1622] Supercooling: 5K

[1623] E comp (Compression work): 0.7 kWh

[1624] These values, along with the GWP for each refrigerant mixture, are listed in Tables 4-11. It should be noted that Tables 4-11 show the cases with CO2 concentrations of 0%, 0.6%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 2.5%, 4%, 5.5%, and 7%, respectively.

[1625] [Table 4] 0% CO2

[1626]

[1627] [Table 5] 0.6% CO2

[1628]

[1629] [Table 6] 1.2% CO2

[1630]

[1631] [Table 7] 1.3% CO2

[1632]

[1633] [Table 8] 2.5% CO2

[1634]

[1635] [Table 9] 4% CO2

[1636]

[1637] [Table 10] 5.5% CO2

[1638]

[1639] [Table 11] 7% CO2

[1640]

[1641] Table 12

[1642]

[1643]

[1644] Table 13

[1645]

[1646]

[1647] Table 14

[1648]

[1649]

[1650] Table 15

[1651]

[1652]

[1653] Table 16

[1654]

[1655] Table 17

[1656]

[1657]

[1658] Table 18

[1659]

[1660]

[1661] Table 19

[1662]

[1663]

[1664] Table 20

[1665] project unit Example 427 Example 428 Example 429 Example 430 Example 431 Example 432 HFO-1132(E) quality% 47.5 47.5 50.0 50.0 52.5 55.0 R32 quality% 4.5 2.0 3.5 1.0 2.0 1.0 R1234yf quality% 44.0 46.5 42.5 45.0 41.5 40.0 <![CDATA[CO2]]> quality% 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP - 33 16 26 9 16 9 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 98.4 98.6 98.3 98.5 98.3 98.2 Cooling capacity ratio % (relative to R410A) 88.4 86.3 88.9 86.8 88.9 89.4 Condensation slip ℃ 7.7 8.1 7.6 8.0 7.5 7.4

[1666] These results show that when the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf (based on their sum) are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, the mass percentages of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf are (100-w) mass%. Figures 1B to 1I In the three-component composition diagram, when the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the line A"B", the GWP of the mixed refrigerant is 350; when it lies to the right of the line, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant is less than 350. Furthermore, it can be seen that: Figures 1B to 1I In the three-component composition diagram, when the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the line A'B', the GWP of the mixed refrigerant is 250; when it lies to the right of the line, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant is less than 250. Furthermore, it can be seen that: Figures 1B to 1I In the three-component composition diagram, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are on the line AB, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant is 125; when it is to the right of the line, the GWP of the mixed refrigerant is less than 125.

[1667] It can be seen that the straight line connecting points D and C is roughly located to the left of the curve connecting the point where the cooling capacity ratio of the refrigerant mixture based on R410A is 80%. Therefore, when the coordinates (x, y, z) are located to the left of the straight line connecting points D and C, the cooling capacity ratio of this refrigerant mixture based on R410A is above 80%.

[1668] The coordinates of points A and B, A' and B', and A” and B” are determined by approximating the points based on the points listed in the above tables. Specifically, the calculations are performed as shown in Table 21 (points A and B), Table 22 (points A' and B'), and Table 23 (points A” and B”).

[1669] 【Table 21】Point A

[1670]

[1671] Point B

[1672]

[1673] 【Table 22】Point A'

[1674]

[1675] Point B'

[1676]

[1677] Table 23

[1678] Point A

[1679]

[1680] Point B

[1681]

[1682] The coordinates of points C through G are determined by deriving approximations based on the points listed in the table above. Specifically, the calculations are performed as shown in Tables 24 and 25.

[1683] [Table 24] Point C

[1684]

[1685] Point D

[1686]

[1687] Point E

[1688]

[1689] Point F

[1690]

[1691] Point G

[1692]

[1693]

[1694] 【Table 25】Point M

[1695]

[1696] Point W

[1697]

[1698] Point N

[1699]

[1700] Point O

[1701]

[1702] Point P

[1703]

[1704]

[1705] The coordinates of the points on curve IJ, curve JK and curve KL are determined by obtaining an approximation formula based on the points recorded in the above table. Specifically, the calculations are performed as shown in Table 26.

[1706] 【Table 26】

[1707]

[1708] The coordinates of the points on curve MW and curve WM are determined by obtaining an approximation formula based on the points recorded in the above table. Specifically, the calculations are performed as shown in Table 27 (when 0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 1.2 mass%), Table 28 (when 1.2 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 4.0 mass%), and Table 29 (when 4.0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 7.0 mass%).

[1709] 【Table 27】

[1710] [[ID=--]]1.2≥CO2>0

[1711]

[1712]

[1713] 【Table 28】4.0≥CO2≥1.2

[1714]

[1715] 【Table 29】7.0≥CO2≥4.0

[1716]

[1717]

[1718] The coordinates of the points on the curve NO and the curve OP are determined by obtaining an approximate formula based on the points described in the above table. Specifically, calculations are performed as shown in Table 30 (when 0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 1.2 mass%), Table 31 (when 1.2 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 4.0 mass%), and Table 32 (when 4.0 mass% < CO2 concentration ≤ 7.0 mass%).

[1719] [Table 30]

[1720] 1.2 ≥ CO2 > 0

[1721]

[1722] [Table 31]

[1723] 4.0 ≥ CO2 ≥ 1.2

[1724]

[1725] [Table 32]

[1726] 7.0 ≥ CO2 ≥ 4.0

[1727]

[1728] (1-3-2) Refrigerant Y

[1729] 1. Composition

[1730] The composition of the present invention contains a refrigerant, and as the refrigerant, "Refrigerant 1" and "Refrigerant 2" can be cited. Hereinafter, Refrigerant 1 and Refrigerant 2 will be described separately. In this specification, "the refrigerant of the present invention" refers to Refrigerant 1 and Refrigerant 2.

[1731] 1.1 Refrigerant 1

[1732] In one aspect, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present invention contains HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf. Sometimes this refrigerant is referred to as "Refrigerant 1".

[1733] In Refrigerant 1, the content ratio of HFO-1132(Z) is 53.0 to 59.5 mass% and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 47.0 to 40.5 mass% with respect to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1734] Refrigerant 1 has the following characteristics preferred as a substitute for R134a by having such a composition: (1) a sufficiently low GWP (below 100); (2) a COP equal to or higher than that of R134a; (3) a cooling capacity equal to or higher than that of R134a; and (4) a low flammability (2L class) in the ASHRAE standard.

[1735] In this project, "sufficiently small GWP" means that GWP is typically below 100, preferably below 75, more preferably below 50, and even more preferably below 25.

[1736] If the proportion of HFO-1132(Z) in refrigerant 1 exceeds 59.5% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, the problem of refrigerant 1 being weakly flammable will arise.

[1737] For refrigerant 1, from the perspective of reducing power consumption during operation of commercially available R134a refrigeration devices, the refrigeration capacity relative to R134a is generally 95% or more, preferably 98% or more, more preferably 99% or more, further preferably 100% or more, and particularly preferably 100.5% or more.

[1738] Refrigerant 1 has a GWP of less than 100, which means that, from the perspective of global warming, it can significantly reduce the environmental burden compared with other general-purpose refrigerants.

[1739] Refrigerant 1 has a power consumption to cooling capacity ratio (coefficient of performance (COP)) of over 100% compared to R134a in the refrigeration cycle, so it can be used in commercially available R134a refrigeration units without major design changes.

[1740] For refrigerant 1, from the perspective of energy consumption efficiency, it is preferable to have a higher ratio of power consumed in the refrigeration cycle to refrigeration capacity (coefficient of performance (COP)) compared to R134a. Specifically, the COP compared to R134a is preferably 98% or more, more preferably 99% or more, further preferably 100% or more, and particularly preferably 101% or more.

[1741] In refrigerant 1, the preferred content of HFO-1132(Z) is 53.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 47.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1742] In refrigerant 1, the content of HFO-1132(Z) is more preferably 54.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is more preferably 46.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1743] In refrigerant 1, the content of HFO-1132(Z) is further preferably 55.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 45.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1744] In refrigerant 1, the content of HFO-1132(Z) is particularly preferred to be 56.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is preferred to be 44.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1745] Refrigerant 1 may contain HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, typically at a total mass percentage of 99.5% or more. In this invention, the total amount of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf in the refrigerant 1 is preferably 99.7% or more by mass, more preferably 99.8% or more by mass, and even more preferably 99.9% or more by mass.

[1746] Besides HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, refrigerant 1 may further contain other refrigerants without compromising the aforementioned properties. In this case, the proportion of other refrigerants in the overall refrigerant 1 is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or less. There are no particular limitations on the other refrigerants, and a wide range of well-known refrigerants widely used in the art can be selected. Refrigerant 1 may contain only one other refrigerant or may contain two or more other refrigerants.

[1747] In this invention, from the perspective of fully cooling the chamber and the object being cooled, refrigerant 1 is preferably used in a refrigeration cycle with an operating evaporation temperature of -60 to 20°C.

[1748] In the refrigeration cycle using refrigerant 1, from the perspective of fully cooling the chamber and the object being cooled, the evaporation temperature is more preferably 15°C or less, even more preferably 10°C or less, even more preferably 5°C or less, and particularly preferably less than 0°C.

[1749] In the refrigeration cycle using refrigerant 1, from the perspective of making the evaporation pressure 0.02 MPa or more, the evaporation temperature is preferably -55°C or more, more preferably -50°C or more, further preferably -45°C or more, and particularly preferably -40°C or more.

[1750] In the refrigeration cycle using refrigerant 1, the evaporation temperature is more preferably -55°C to 15°C, even more preferably -50°C to 10°C, even more preferably -45°C to 5°C, and particularly preferably -40°C to 0°C.

[1751] Refrigerant 1 is particularly preferably composed of only HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf. In other words, refrigerant 1 is particularly preferably composed of a total concentration of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf of 100% by mass.

[1752] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, the preferred content of HFO-1132(Z) is 53.0 to 59.5% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 47.0 to 40.5% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1753] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, it is even more preferable that the content of HFO-1132(Z) is 54.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 46.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1754] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, it is further preferred that the content of HFO-1132(Z) is 55.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 45.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1755] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferred that the content of HFO-1132(Z) is 56.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 44.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

[1756] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, the preferred content of HFO-1132(Z) is 53.0 to 59.5% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 47.0 to 40.5% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf. Refrigerant 1 is used in a refrigeration cycle with an operating evaporation temperature of -55°C to 15°C.

[1757] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, it is more preferable that the content of HFO-1132(Z) is 54.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 46.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, and refrigerant 1 is used in a refrigeration cycle with an operating evaporation temperature of -50°C to 10°C.

[1758] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, it is further preferred that the content ratio of HFO-1132(Z) is 55.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content ratio of HFO-1234yf is 45.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, and refrigerant 1 is used in a refrigeration cycle with an operating evaporation temperature of -45°C to 5°C.

[1759] When refrigerant 1 consists only of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, it is particularly preferred that the content of HFO-1132(Z) is 56.0 to 59.0% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 44.0 to 41.0% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf. Refrigerant 1 is used in a refrigeration cycle with an operating evaporation temperature of -40°C or higher and less than 0°C.

[1760] 1.2 Refrigerant 2

[1761] In one embodiment, the refrigerant contained in the composition of the present invention comprises HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf, wherein the content of HFO-1132(Z) is 41.0 to 49.2% by mass and the content of HFO-1234yf is 59.0 to 50.8% by mass relative to the total mass of HFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf. This refrigerant is sometimes referred to as "Refrigerant 2".

[1762] Refrigerant 2 has the following characteristics preferred as a substitute for R134a by having such a composition: (1) a sufficiently low GWP (below 100); (2) a COP equal to or higher than that of R134a; (3) a cooling capacity equal to or higher than that of R134a; and (4) a low flammability (2L class) in the ASHRAE standard.

[1763] In this project, "sufficiently small GWP" means that GWP is typically below 100, preferably below 75, more preferably below 50, and even more preferably below 25.

[1764] Refrigerant 2 has a GWP of less than 100, which means that, from the perspective of global warming, it can significantly reduce the environmental burden compared with other general-purpose refrigerants.

[1765] For refrigerant 2, from the perspective of reducing power consumption during operation of commercially available R134a refrigeration devices, the refrigeration capacity relative to R134a is generally 95% or more, preferably 98% or more, more preferably 99% or more, further preferably 100% or more, and particularly preferably 101% or more.

[1766] Refrigerant 2 has a power consumption to cooling capacity ratio (coefficient of performance (COP)) of over 100% c...

Claims

1. A refrigeration cycle device (10, 100, 100a) includes a refrigerant circuit (11, 110) having a compressor (12, 122), a heat source side heat exchanger (13, 123), an expansion mechanism (14, 124, 133, 138), and a use side heat exchanger (15, 131, 136). A refrigerant is enclosed in the refrigerant circuit. At least during specified operation, the flow of the refrigerant and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent in at least one of the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side heat exchanger. The refrigerant is a first refrigerant. The first refrigerant contains CO2, trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf). When the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in a ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segment excluding the points on the line B’’D and the line CI, point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) Within the area or line segment enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points, and the lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI, where, excluding the points on the line B’’D and the line CI. When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting the 7 points of point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w), point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w), point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w), point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w), point B’’(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w), point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789), and the lines LB’’, B’’D, DC, and CI, excluding the points on the line B’’D and the line CI. point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) point B’’(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553) where the points on the line B’’D and the line CI are excluded. When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the figure surrounded by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting the 7 points of point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w), point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w), point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w), point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w), point B’’(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w), point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) point L(51.7, 28.9, 19.4 - w) point B’’(51.6, 0.0, 48.4 - w) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7) Within the range or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ, JK, and KL formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines LB'', B''D, DC, and CI, excluding the points on the straight lines B''D and CI, and, The curve IJ is represented by Coordinates (x, 0.0236x) 2 -1.716x+72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x+28-w) as shown. The curve JK is represented by Coordinates (x, 0.0095x) 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 +0.2222x+32.324-w) as shown. The curve KL is represented by Coordinates (x, 0.0049x) 2 -0.8842x+61.488, -0.0049x 2 -0.1158x+38.512) as shown; or When the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, When 0 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) Point C(0.0, -4.9167w + 58.317, 3.9167w + 41.683) These 5 points respectively, excluding the points on the straight line CI, When 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553) These 5 points respectively, excluding the points on the straight line CI, When 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B'(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553) These 6 points respectively, excluding the points on the straight line CI, When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are in the range or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting Point I(0.0, 72.0, 28.0 - w) Point J(18.3, 48.5, 33.2 - w) Point K(36.8, 35.6, 27.6 - w) Point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7) Within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves IJ and JK formed by connecting these 6 points respectively, as well as the straight lines KB’, B’D, DC, and CI, excluding the points on the straight line CI. And the curve IJ is represented by Coordinates (x, 0.0236x) 2 -1.716x+72, -0.0236x 2 +0.716x+28-w) as shown The curve JK is represented by Coordinates (x, 0.0095x) 2 -1.2222x + 67.676, -0.0095x 2 +0.2222x+32.324-w) as shown; or When the mass percentages of CO2, R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf based on their total are set as w, x, y, and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO - 1132(E), and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass%, When 0 < w ≤ 0.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves GO and OP formed by connecting these Point G(-5.8333w) 2 -3.1667w +22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w +26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w+51.6) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w+22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w+40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w) 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w+27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w + 50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w + 49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) 5 points respectively, as well as the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, and DG, excluding the points on the straight line B’’D. When 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves GN, NO, and OP formed by connecting these Point G(-5.8333w) 2 -3.1667w +22.2, 7.0833w 2 +1.4167w +26.2, -1.25w 2 +0.75w+51.6) Point N(18.2, 0.2778w) 2 +3w +27.7, -0.2778w 2 -4w+54.1) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w+22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w+40.6) Point P(51.7, 1.1111w) 2 +20.5, -1.1111w 2 -w+27.8) Point B’’(-1.5278w 2 +2.75w+50.5, 0.0, 1.5278w 2 -3.75w+49.5) Point D(-2.9167w + 40.317, 0.0, 1.9167w + 59.683) 6 points respectively, as well as the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, and DG, excluding the points on the straight line B’’D. And The curve GO is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.00487w) 2 -0.0059w+0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w-0.6701)x+3.7639w 2 -0.2467w+37.512, 100-wxy) as shown The curve GN is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0122w) 2 -0.0113w+0.0313)x 2 +(-0.3582w 2 +0.1624w-1.4551)x+2.7889w 2 +3.7417w+43.824 , 100-wxy) as shown The curve NO is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.00487w) 2 -0.0059w+0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w-0.6701)x+3.7639w 2 -0.2467w+37.512, 100-wxy) as shown The curve OP is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0074w) 2 -0.0133w+0.0064)x 2 +(-0.5839w 2 +1.0268w-0.7103)x+11.472w 2 -17.455w+40.07, 100-wxy) as shown When 1.2 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP formed by connecting these Point M(0.0, -0.3004w) 2 +2.419w +55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w +44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w) 2 +3.5024w +44.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w +55.578) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w+28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w+53.54) Point O(36.8, -0.1392w) 2 +1.4381w +24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w+38.725) Point P(51.7, -0.2381w) 2 +1.881w +20.186, 0.2381w 2 -2.881w +28.114) Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) Point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553) 8 points respectively, as well as the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, DC, and CM, excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CM. And The curve MW is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0043w) 2 -0.0359w+0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w-3.6193)x-0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53, 100-wxy) as shown The curve WN is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0055w) 2 -0.0326w+0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w-2.6274)x+0.6555w 2 -2.2153w+54.044, 100-wxy) as shown The curve NO is represented by Coordinates (x, (-0.00062w) 2 +0.0036w+0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 -0.239w-0.4977)x-0.8575w 2 +6.4941w+36.078, 100-wxy) as shown The curve OP is represented by Coordinates (x, (-0.000463w) 2 +0.0024w-0.0011)x 2 +(0.0457w 2 -0.2581w-0.075)x-1.355w 2 +8.749w +27.096, 100-wxy) as shown When 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segments of the figure enclosed by the curves MW, WN, NO, and OP formed by connecting these Point M(0.0, -0.0667w) 2 +0.8333w +58.133, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w +41.867) Point W(10.0, -0.0667w) 2 +1.1w +39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w+50.733) Point N(18.2, -0.0889w) 2 +1.3778w +31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w+50.389) Point O(36.8, -0.0444w) 2 +0.6889w +25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w+37.244) Point P(51.7, -0.0667w) 2 +0.8333w +21.633, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w + 26.667) Point B’’(51.6, 0.0, -w + 48.4) Point D(-2.8w + 40.1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7) 8 points respectively, as well as the straight lines PB’’, B’’D, DC, and CM, excluding the points on the straight lines B’’D and CM. And The curve MW is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.00357w) 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103, 100-wxy) as shown the curve WN is represented by Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w) 2 +0.0218w-0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w-0.1108)x-0.4158w 2 +4.7352w+43.383, 100-wxy) as shown the curve NO is represented by Coordinates (x, 0.0082x) 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w-0.7521)x-0.1307w 2 +2.0247w+42.327, 100-wxy) as shown the curve OP is represented by Coordinates (x, (-0.0006258w) 2 +0.0066w-0.0153)x 2 +(0.0516w 2 -0.5478w + 0.9894) x - 1.074w 2 +11.651w +10.992, 100-wxy) or when the mass % of CO2, R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf based on their total is set to w, x, y and z respectively, in the ternary composition diagram where the total of R32, HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf is (100 - w) mass %, when 0 < w ≤ 0.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segment of the figure enclosed by Point G(-5.8333w) 2 -3.1667w +22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w +26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w+51.6) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w+22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w+40.6) the points F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) the curve GO formed by connecting these 3 points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, and the curve GO is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.00487w) 2 -0.0059w+0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w-0.6701)x+3.7639w 2 -0.2467w+37.512, 100-wxy) as shown when 0.6 < w ≤ 1.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segment of the figure enclosed by Point G(-5.8333w) 2 -3.1667w +22.2, 7.0833w 2 -1.4167w +26.2, -1.25w 2 +3.5834w+51.6) Point N(18.2, 0.2778w) 2 +3.0w +27.7, -0.2778w 2 -4.0w +54.1) Point O(36.8, 0.8333w 2 +1.8333w+22.6, -0.8333w 2 -2.8333w+40.6) the points F(-0.0833w + 36.717, -4.0833w + 5.1833, 3.1666w + 58.0997) the curve GN and the curve NO formed by connecting these 4 points respectively, and the straight lines OF and FG, and the curve GN is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0122w) 2 -0.0113w+0.0313)x 2 +(-0.3582w 2 +0.1624w-1.4551)x+2.7889w 2 +3.7417w+43.824 , 100-wxy) as shown the curve NO is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.00487w) 2 -0.0059w+0.0072)x 2 +(-0.279w 2 +0.2844w-0.6701)x+3.7639w 2 -0.2467w+37.512, 100-wxy) as shown when 1.2 < w ≤ 1.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segment of the figure enclosed by Point M(0.0, -0.3004w) 2 +2.419w +55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w +44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w) 2 +3.5024w34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w +55.578) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w+28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w+53.54) Point O(36.8, -0.1392w) 2 +1.4381w +24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w+38.725) the points F(36.6, -3w + 3.9, 2w + 59.5) Point C (0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, 0.0, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553) the curve MW, the curve WN and the curve NO formed by connecting these 6 points respectively, and the straight lines OF, FC and CM, excluding the points on the straight line CM, and the curve MW is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0043w) 2 -0.0359w+0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w-3.6193)x-0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53, 100-wxy) as shown the curve WN is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0055w) 2 -0.0326w+0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w-2.6274)x+0.6555w 2 -2.2153w+54.044, 100-wxy) as shown the curve NO is represented by Coordinates (x, (-0.00062w) 2 +0.0036w+0.0037)x 2 +(0.0375w 2 -0.239w-0.4977)x-0.8575w 2 +6.4941w+36.078, 100-wxy) as shown when 1.3 < w ≤ 4.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segment of the figure enclosed by Point M(0.0, -0.3004w) 2 +2.419w +55.53, 0.3004w 2 -3.419w +44.47) Point W(10.0, -0.3645w) 2 +3.5024w +34.422, 0.3645w 2 -4.5024w +55.578) Point N(18.2, -0.3773w 2 +3.319w+28.26, 0.3773w 2 -4.319w+53.54) Point O(36.8, -0.1392w) 2 +1.4381w +24.475, 0.1392w 2 -2.4381w+38.725) the point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) the point D(-2.8226w + 40.211, 0.0, 1.8226w + 59.789) Point C(0.0, 0.1081w) 2 -5.169w +58.447, -0.1081w 2 +4.169w +41.553) the curve MW, the curve WN and the curve NO formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC and CM, excluding the points on the straight line CM, and the curve MW is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0043w) 2 -0.0359w+0.1509)x 2 +(-0.0493w 2 +0.4669w-3.6193)x-0.3004w 2 +2.419w+55.53, 100-wxy) as shown the curve WN is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0055w) 2 -0.0326w+0.0665)x 2 +(-0.1571w 2 +0.8981w-2.6274)x+0.6555w 2 -2.2153w+54.044, 100-wxy) as shown the curve NO is represented by Coordinates (x, (-0.00062w) 2 +0.0036w+0.0037)x 2 +(0.0457w 2 -0.2581w-0.075)x-1.355w 2 +8.749w +27.096, 100-wxy) as shown when 4.0 < w ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) are within or on the line segment of the figure enclosed by Point M(0.0, -0.0667w) 2 +0.8333w58.133, 0.0667w 2 -1.8333w +41.867) Point W(10.0, -0.0667w) 2 +1.1w +39.267, 0.0667w 2 -2.1w+50.733) Point N(18.2, -0.0889w) 2 +1.3778w +31.411, 0.0889w 2 -2.3778w+50.389) Point O(36.8, -0.0444w) 2 +0.6889w +25.956, 0.0444w 2 -1.6889w+37.244) the point B’(36.6, 0.0, -w + 63.4) the point D(-2.8w + 40. 1, 0.0, 1.8w + 59.9) Point C(0.0, 0.0667w) 2 -4.9667w +58.3, -0.0667w 2 +3.9667w+41.7) the curve MW, the curve WN and the curve NO formed by connecting these 7 points respectively, and the straight lines OB’, B’D, DC and CM, excluding the points on the straight line CM, and the curve MW is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.00357w) 2 -0.0391w+0.1756)x 2 +(-0.0356w 2 +0.4178w-3.6422)x-0.0667w 2 +0.8333w+58.103, 100-wxy) as shown the curve WN is represented by Coordinates (x, (-0.002061w) 2 +0.0218w-0.0301)x 2 +(0.0556w 2 -0.5821w-0.1108)x-0.4158w 2 +4.7352w+43.383, 100-wxy) as shown the curve NO is represented by Coordinates (x, (0.0082x) 2 +(0.0022w 2 -0.0345w-0.7521)x-0.1307w 2 +2.0247w+42.327, 100-wxy) as shown 2. The refrigeration cycle device as described in claim 1, wherein, When the refrigeration cycle device uses the heat source-side heat exchanger as an evaporator, the flow of the refrigerant in the heat source-side heat exchanger and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

3. The refrigeration cycle device as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, When the refrigeration cycle device uses the heat source-side heat exchanger as a condenser, the flow of the refrigerant in the heat source-side heat exchanger and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

4. The refrigeration cycle apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, When the refrigeration cycle device is operated using the heat exchanger on the utilization side as an evaporator, the flow of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger on the utilization side and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

5. The refrigeration cycle apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, When the refrigeration cycle device is operated using the heat exchanger on the utilization side as a condenser, the flow of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger on the utilization side and the flow of the heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant are countercurrent.

6. The refrigeration cycle apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, The heat transfer medium is air.

7. The refrigeration cycle apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, The heat medium is a liquid.

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