Ground surface movement deformation monitoring device and installation method and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a ground surface movement deformation monitoring device and an installation method and a monitoring method thereof. The monitoring device comprises a monitoring rod provided with a sensor and a plurality of fixing rods. The lower end of the fixing rod is provided with a drill bit, and the middle part is connected with a forward and reverse motor. The forward and reverse motor can drive the fixing rod to drill into the soil layer. The monitoring rod is installed first, and then the fixing rod is installed. Since the monitoring rod has no anchoring function, no drilling force is generated, thereby effectively protecting the sensor on the monitoring rod. In addition, the forward and reverse motor and the drill bit are used, so that the fixing rod is automatically inserted into the soil layer for fixation, which is beneficial to saving the labor cost of installing the fixing rod. At the same time, since the rotating speed of the forward and reverse motor can be controlled, the drilling force of the drill bit of the fixing rod can be controlled, thereby further avoiding excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod, and then damage of the sensor caused by excessive vibration can be avoided during the installation of the fixing rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface movement and deformation monitoring technology, and in particular to a surface movement and deformation monitoring device and its installation and monitoring methods. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mining can cause land subsidence, which can sometimes trigger landslides and other natural disasters, seriously threatening the lives of local residents. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor land movement and deformation to be vigilant about potential dangers to local residents.

[0003] Current technologies primarily utilize crack displacement measuring instruments to monitor surface movement and deformation. However, these instruments are expensive to manufacture and, when applied to hilly terrain, require significant economic investment and have low practicality. Therefore, it is necessary to employ dedicated, low-cost surface movement and deformation monitoring devices to monitor surface movement and deformation.

[0004] Existing surface movement and deformation monitoring devices include a monitoring rod, which is equipped with sensors that can monitor surface movement and deformation. In the absence of a fixed rod, the monitoring rod with sensors also serves a fixing function. During the anchoring process, due to the large drilling force, the vibration-sensitive sensors are easily damaged.

[0005] Some existing surface movement deformation monitoring devices also include a separate fixing rod, which can fix the monitoring device to the ground surface. However, the installation methods of existing surface movement deformation monitoring devices are all to fix the fixing rod first and then install the monitoring rod; or, fix the fixing rod and the monitoring rod together. The installation methods of the existing technology still cannot avoid the influence of the anchoring process on the sensor on the monitoring rod, and therefore cannot effectively prevent the sensor from being damaged under excessive force.

[0006] Meanwhile, the installation of the fixed rod in the existing technology is mainly done manually, which requires multiple piles to be buried. It cannot be automatically inserted into the soil to fix it, which is not conducive to saving labor costs. At the same time, it is difficult to control the magnitude of the drilling force to prevent the sensor on the monitoring rod from vibrating too much during manual pile burying. Therefore, it is also not possible to effectively prevent the sensor from being damaged by excessive vibration during the installation process. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems in the prior art, this application proposes a surface movement deformation monitoring device and its installation and monitoring methods. The installation method includes the following steps: first, installing a monitoring rod; then, installing a fixing rod. The fixing rod is driven by a reversible motor to automatically insert into the soil layer for fixation. By adjusting the speed of the reversible motor, the drilling force can be controlled, thus effectively preventing damage to the sensor during installation. Simultaneously, the automatic insertion of the fixing rod into the soil layer saves labor costs.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a surface movement deformation monitoring device. This device includes a monitoring rod with a probe at its bottom end. The probe includes a displacement sensor and a long nail connected below the displacement sensor, the long nail being able to insert into the soil layer. An angle sensor is provided at its top end for measuring the offset angle of the monitoring rod. It also includes multiple fixed rods, each with a drill bit at its lower end and a central portion connected to a reversible motor. The reversible motor drives the fixed rods to drill into the soil layer. The multiple fixed rods are evenly distributed around the monitoring rod. Using this surface movement deformation monitoring device, by installing the monitoring rod first and then the fixed rods, the sensors on the monitoring rods are effectively protected because the monitoring rods do not have an anchoring function and do not generate drilling force. Furthermore, the use of a reversible motor and drill bit automatically inserts the fixed rods into the soil layer for fixation, saving labor costs associated with installing the fixed rods. Simultaneously, the rotational speed of the reversible motor can be controlled, thereby controlling the drilling force of the fixed rod drill bit, further preventing excessive vibration of the sensors on the monitoring rods, and thus preventing damage to the sensors due to excessive vibration during the installation of the fixed rods.

[0009] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the surface movement and deformation monitoring device further includes a housing, the tip of the monitoring rod extending into the housing, the housing capable of housing the fixing rod, and a fixing rod through hole provided on the bottom surface of the housing, through which the fixing rod can extend and retract into the housing. In this embodiment, the housing provides protection for the fixing rod and its transmission components, helping to prevent them from being affected by external factors.

[0010] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the monitoring rod includes: an outer cylinder for housing the internal structure of the monitoring rod; a mounting base on its top surface with the angle sensor mounted thereon and a built-in tube fixed to its bottom surface, the built-in tube being sleeved inside the outer cylinder; a rod extending through the built-in tube from the mounting base to the probe; a collar fixed between the built-in tube and the outer cylinder at the upper part of the built-in tube; and a baffle disposed at the bottom end of the built-in tube for restricting downward movement of the built-in tube. This embodiment facilitates high-precision operation of the angle sensor.

[0011] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the probe includes: a housing for carrying the displacement sensor; a nail holder for fixing the long nail; and a connecting plate for connecting the housing and the nail holder. This embodiment helps ensure that the displacement sensor and angle sensor accurately characterize the movement and deformation of the ground surface.

[0012] In one embodiment of the first aspect, a transmission assembly is provided within the housing to drive the fixed rod to move up and down. Multiple transmission assemblies on the same horizontal plane are interconnected by connecting bolts, and the transmission assemblies are connected to the housing via mounting bases. In this embodiment, the transmission assemblies are fixed within the housing by connecting bolts and mounting bases, thereby preventing them from wobbling and ensuring that the fixed rod moves steadily downwards at a preset speed.

[0013] In one embodiment of the first aspect, each of the fixed rods is equipped with an equal number of transmission components. This embodiment facilitates installation and fixation, and also allows each fixed rod to move downwards at the same speed, thereby helping to prevent the sensors on the monitoring rods from shaking.

[0014] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the transmission assembly includes: an attachment shell for protecting and fixing the reversible motor; an internally threaded tube having an internal thread on its inner wall for engaging with an external thread on the outer wall of the fixed rod, wherein the reversible motor can drive the internally threaded tube to rotate, thereby driving the fixed rod to move up and down; and an adapter for connecting the reversible motor and the internally threaded tube. This embodiment facilitates the control of the reversible motor's movement speed on the fixed rod, thereby preventing the sensors on the monitoring rod from shaking.

[0015] In one embodiment of the first aspect, a control box is mounted on the top of the housing. The control box contains an electrically connected energy storage battery and a controller, which are communicatively connected to the forward / reverse motor, the angle sensor, and the displacement sensor. With this embodiment, the controller can automatically control the rotation speed of the forward / reverse motor, thereby helping to prevent the sensors on the monitoring rod from shaking.

[0016] In one embodiment of the first aspect, an audible and visual alarm device is provided on the top surface of the control box, and the audible and visual alarm device is communicatively connected to the controller. This embodiment facilitates timely warning to local residents and relevant personnel when excessive movement or deformation of the soil occurs.

[0017] In one embodiment of the first aspect, lifting straps are provided on both sides of the control box on the housing. This embodiment facilitates the handling of the monitoring device and provides convenience for handling personnel.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides an installation method for a surface movement deformation monitoring device as described in the first aspect and any embodiment thereof. This installation method includes the following steps: S10, drilling a pile hole at the monitoring point, wherein the diameter of the pile hole is equal to the outer diameter of the monitoring rod, and the depth of the pile hole is equal to the length of the monitoring rod; S20, inserting the monitoring rod into the pile hole, thereby causing the long needle of the probe to penetrate into the soil layer within the pile hole; S30, using a forward / reverse motor to drive the fixing rod downwards at a preset speed until the drill bit reaches a preset depth to fix the fixing rod. Using this installation method, by installing the monitoring rod first and then the fixing rod, the sensor on the monitoring rod is effectively protected because the monitoring rod has no anchoring function and does not generate drilling force. Furthermore, the use of a forward / reverse motor and drill bit automatically inserts the fixing rod into the soil layer for fixation, which helps save on the labor costs of installing the fixing rod. At the same time, since the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motors can be controlled, the drilling force of the fixed rod drill bit can be controlled, thereby further preventing excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod, and thus preventing damage to the sensor due to excessive vibration during the installation of the fixed rod.

[0019] In one embodiment of the second aspect, in step S20, the housing is attached to the ground surface. This embodiment facilitates the stable embedding of the monitoring rod into the soil for fixation.

[0020] In one embodiment of the second aspect, in step S30, the controller controls the rotational speed of the reversible motor to move the fixing rod downwards at a preset speed. When the drill bit reaches a preset depth, the controller controls the reversible motor to stop operating. This embodiment, by controlling the rotational speed of the reversible motor to move the fixing rod downwards at a preset speed, helps to avoid excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod, thereby preventing damage to the sensor due to excessive vibration during the installation of the fixing rod. Furthermore, by controlling the reversible motor to stop operating, the automatic insertion process can be automatically stopped, further improving the automation level of the automated insertion process.

[0021] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a monitoring method using the surface movement and deformation monitoring device described in the first aspect and any embodiment thereof. This monitoring method includes: when the soil layer at the probe moves or deforms, the probe also shifts; the angle sensor and the displacement sensor transmit information to a controller; when either the shift angle or the shift displacement measured by the angle sensor or the displacement sensor exceeds a preset value, the controller commands an audible and visual alarm device to sound an alarm. Using this monitoring method, local residents and relevant personnel can be promptly alerted when excessive movement or deformation occurs in the soil layer.

[0022] In one embodiment of the third aspect, when the offset of the probe is small, the offset angle of the probe can be verified according to the following formula:

[0023] cosA=(2b 2 -a 2 ) / 2b 2 ,

[0024] Where A is the offset angle of the probe, b is the length of the rod, and a is the offset distance measured by the displacement sensor. The closer A is to the offset angle B measured by the angle sensor, the more accurate the monitoring result. This implementation method allows for real-time verification of the accuracy of the monitoring results, which helps improve the reliability of the monitoring device.

[0025] The surface movement and deformation monitoring device, its installation method, and its monitoring method provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art.

[0026] 1. Using the installation method provided in this application, the monitoring rod is installed first, followed by the fixing rod. Since the monitoring rod has no anchoring function and does not generate drilling force, the sensor on the monitoring rod is effectively protected. Furthermore, the use of a reversible motor and drill bit automatically inserts the fixing rod into the soil for fixation, saving labor costs associated with installing the fixing rod. Simultaneously, the controllability of the reversible motor's speed allows for control of the drilling force of the fixing rod drill bit, further preventing excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod and thus avoiding damage to the sensor due to excessive vibration during the installation of the fixing rod.

[0027] 2. Using this monitoring method, local residents and relevant personnel can be alerted in a timely manner through audible and visual alarm devices when excessive movement or deformation occurs in the soil layer.

[0028] 3. Real-time verification can detect the accuracy of monitoring results in real time, which helps to improve the reliability of the monitoring device.

[0029] The above-mentioned technical features can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent technical features, as long as the purpose of the present invention can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 Showing Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a monitoring rod according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a probe according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0037] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0038] 1-Audible and visual alarm device; 2-Control box; 3-Lifting strap; 4-Housing shell; 5-Monitoring rod; 6-Mounting base; 8-Transmission assembly; 9-Connecting bolt; 10-Fixing rod; 11-Adapter; 12-Internal threaded tube; 13-Forward and reverse motor; 14-Attachment shell; 51-Fixing base; 52-Angle sensor; 53-Collar ring; 54-Probe; 55-Pipe rod; 56-Internal tube; 57-Baffle; 58-Outer cylinder; 101-Rubber sleeve; 102-Drill bit; 541-Receiving seat; 542-Connecting plate; 543-Long nail; 544-Nail seat; 545-Displacement sensor.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a surface movement and deformation monitoring device. The monitoring device includes a monitoring rod 5, with a probe 54 at its bottom end. The probe 54 includes a displacement sensor 545 and a long nail 543 connected below the displacement sensor 545. The long nail 543 can be inserted into the soil layer. An angle sensor 52 is provided at its top end for measuring the offset angle of the monitoring rod 5. A plurality of fixed rods 10 are provided, with a drill bit 102 at their bottom end and a middle part connected to a forward and reverse motor 13. The forward and reverse motor 13 can drive the fixed rods 10 to drill into the soil layer. The plurality of fixed rods 10 are evenly distributed around the monitoring rod 5.

[0042] During the installation process, the monitoring rod 5 is installed first, and then the fixing rod 10 is installed by the forward and reverse motor 13 and the drill bit 102, thereby fixing the monitoring device at the monitoring point.

[0043] The monitoring device of this application includes a monitoring rod 5 and an independent fixed rod 10. The monitoring rod 5 is equipped with a sensor that can monitor the movement and deformation of the ground surface. The monitoring rod 5 with the sensor does not have a fixing function, and the large drilling force will not damage the sensor during the anchoring process.

[0044] Specifically, the fixing rod 10 can fix the monitoring device to the ground surface. The installation method of this application first installs the monitoring rod 5, and then installs the fixing rod 10 using the forward and reverse motor 13 and the drill bit 102, thereby fixing the monitoring device at the monitoring point. This avoids the impact of the anchoring process on the sensor on the monitoring rod 5 and effectively prevents damage to the sensor under excessive force. This is because the monitoring rod 5 has no anchoring function and does not generate drilling force, thus effectively protecting the sensor on the monitoring rod 5.

[0045] Meanwhile, the installation of the fixed rod 10 in the existing technology is mainly done manually, which requires multiple piles to be buried. It cannot be automatically inserted into the soil to fix it, which is not conducive to saving labor costs. At the same time, it is difficult to control the magnitude of the drilling force to prevent the sensor on the monitoring rod 5 from vibrating too much during manual pile burying. Therefore, it is also not possible to effectively prevent the sensor from being damaged by excessive vibration during the installation process.

[0046] This application employs a reversible motor 13 and a drill bit 102 to automatically insert the fixing rod 10 into the soil for fixation, which helps save on labor costs for installing the fixing rod 10. Simultaneously, because the rotational speed of the reversible motor 13 can be controlled, the drilling force of the drill bit 102 can be controlled, further preventing excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod 5, and thus preventing damage to the sensor due to excessive vibration during the installation of the fixing rod 10.

[0047] The long nail 543 can be inserted into the soil layer and move with the soil layer so that the displacement sensor 545 and the angle sensor 52 can measure the offset displacement and offset angle of the long nail 543.

[0048] The forward and reverse motor 13 can drive the fixed rod 10 to drill into the soil layer. Multiple fixed rods 10 are evenly distributed around the monitoring rod 5. The evenly distributed fixed rods 10 are conducive to the balanced force on the monitoring rod 5, and can more accurately measure the offset displacement and offset angle of the long nail 543 that moves with the soil layer.

[0049] This embodiment first installs the monitoring rod 5, then the fixing rod 10. Since the monitoring rod 5 has no anchoring function and does not generate drilling force, it effectively protects the sensor on the monitoring rod 5. In addition, by using a forward and reverse motor 13 and a drill bit 102, the fixing rod 10 is automatically inserted into the soil layer for fixation, which helps to save labor costs for installing the fixing rod 10. At the same time, since the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motor 13 can be controlled, the drilling force of the drill bit 102 on the fixing rod 10 can be controlled, thereby further avoiding excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod 5, and thus preventing damage to the sensor due to excessive vibration during the installation of the fixing rod 10.

[0050] In one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the surface movement deformation monitoring device also includes a housing 4, the top end of the monitoring rod 5 extends into the housing 4, the housing 4 can accommodate the fixing rod 10, and a through hole for the fixing rod 10 is provided on the bottom surface of the housing 4, through which the fixing rod 10 can extend out and retract into the housing 4.

[0051] The housing 4 provides protection for the fixed rod 10 and its transmission assembly 8, which helps to prevent them from being affected by external factors.

[0052] In one implementation, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the monitoring rod 5 includes: an outer cylinder 58 for housing the internal structure of the monitoring rod 5; a fixing base 51, on which an angle sensor 52 is mounted on its top surface and an inner tube 56 is fixed on its bottom surface, the inner tube 56 being sleeved inside the outer cylinder 58; a rod 55 that extends from the fixing base 51 through the inner tube 56 to the probe 54; a collar 53 that is fixed between the inner tube 56 and the outer cylinder 58 and located at the upper part of the inner tube 56; and a baffle 57 that is disposed at the bottom end of the inner tube 56 for restricting the downward movement of the inner tube 56.

[0053] The outer cylinder 58 provides protection for the internal structure of the monitoring rod 5. The mounting base 51 provides stable support for the angle sensor 52, enabling the angle sensor 52 to operate with high precision. The rod 55 connects the probe 54 and the angle sensor 52, allowing the angle sensor 52 to sense changes in the angle of the probe 54.

[0054] The mounting base 51 also provides fixation for the top end of the inner tube 56. A baffle 57 is located at the bottom end of the inner tube 56 to limit its downward movement. The mounting base 51 and the baffle 57 confine the inner tube 56 within the space, thus preventing its movement. A collar 53 is fixed between the inner tube 56 and the outer cylinder 58 and is located above the inner tube 56, effectively preventing the inner tube 56 from shaking. By limiting the movement and shaking of the inner tube 56, the angle sensor 52 can operate with high precision.

[0055] This implementation method facilitates the high-precision operation of the angle sensor 52.

[0056] In one implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the probe 54 includes: a housing 541 for carrying the displacement sensor 545; a nail holder 544 for fixing the long nail 543; and a connecting plate 542 for connecting the housing 541 and the nail holder 544.

[0057] The housing 541 provides stable support for the displacement sensor 545, enabling it to operate with high precision. The nail holder 544 better secures the long nail 543, allowing it to capture the movement and deformation of the ground surface and convert this movement and deformation into offset displacement and offset angle of the long nail 543. This ensures that the displacement sensor 545 and the angle sensor 52 accurately characterize the movement and deformation of the ground surface.

[0058] This embodiment helps to ensure that the displacement sensor 545 and the angle sensor 52 accurately characterize the movement and deformation of the ground surface.

[0059] In one implementation, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a transmission assembly 8 is provided inside the housing 4 to drive the fixed rod 10 to move up and down. Multiple transmission assemblies 8 on the same horizontal plane are connected to each other by connecting bolts 9. The transmission assembly 8 is connected to the housing 4 by a mounting base 6.

[0060] The transmission component 8 is fixed in the housing 4 by connecting bolts 9 and mounting base 6, thereby preventing it from shaking and ensuring that the fixed rod 10 moves down steadily at a preset speed.

[0061] In one implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, each fixed rod 10 is equipped with an equal number of transmission components 8.

[0062] Optionally, each fixed rod 10 is equipped with a transmission assembly 8.

[0063] Preferably, each fixed rod 10 is equipped with two transmission components 8, thereby making its descent speed more stable.

[0064] Each fixed rod 10 is equipped with an equal number of transmission components 8, which is beneficial for installation and fixation, and also makes it easier for each fixed rod 10 to move down at the same speed, thereby helping to prevent the sensor on the monitoring rod 5 from shaking.

[0065] In one implementation, such as Figure 4As shown, the transmission assembly 8 includes: an attachment shell 14 for protecting and fixing the forward and reverse motor 13; an internally threaded tube 12, the internal thread on its inner wall for engaging with the external thread on the outer wall of the fixing rod 10, the forward and reverse motor 13 can drive the internally threaded tube 12 to rotate, thereby driving the fixing rod 10 to move up and down; and an adapter 11 for connecting the forward and reverse motor 13 and the internally threaded tube 12.

[0066] The top of the fixing rod 10 is provided with a rubber sleeve 101, which helps to protect and buffer the fixing rod 10 in the event of an accidental collision with the housing 4.

[0067] This embodiment is advantageous for the forward and reverse motor 13 to control the movement speed of the fixed rod 10, thereby preventing the sensor on the monitoring rod 5 from shaking.

[0068] Alternatively, in one implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, a control box 2 is installed on the top of the housing 4. The control box 2 contains an energy storage battery and a controller that are electrically connected. The controller is communicatively connected to the forward and reverse motor 13, the angle sensor 52, and the displacement sensor 545.

[0069] The controller can automatically control the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motor 13, which helps to prevent the sensor on the monitoring rod 5 from shaking.

[0070] In one implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, an audible and visual alarm device 1 is installed on the top surface of the control box 2, and the audible and visual alarm device 1 is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0071] The controller is also connected to the angle sensor 52 and the displacement sensor 545. When the soil layer at the probe 54 moves or deforms, the probe 54 also shifts. The angle sensor 52 and the displacement sensor 545 transmit the information to the controller. When either the offset angle or the offset displacement measured by the angle sensor 52 or the displacement sensor 545 is greater than its preset value, the controller commands the audible and visual alarm device 1 to sound an alarm, thereby providing timely warning to local residents and relevant personnel.

[0072] This implementation method is beneficial for providing timely warnings to local residents and relevant personnel when excessive movement or deformation of the soil layer occurs.

[0073] In one implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, lifting straps 3 are provided on both sides of the control box 2 on the housing 4.

[0074] The lifting belt 3 is designed to facilitate the handling of monitoring devices and provide convenience for handling personnel.

[0075] This embodiment also provides an installation method for the above-mentioned surface movement deformation monitoring device. The installation method includes the following steps: S10, drilling a pile hole on the ground surface at the monitoring point, the diameter of the pile hole being equal to the outer diameter of the monitoring rod 5, and the depth of the pile hole being equal to the length of the monitoring rod 5; S20, inserting the monitoring rod 5 into the pile hole, thereby causing the long needle of the probe 54 to penetrate into the soil layer inside the pile hole; S30, the forward and reverse motor 13 drives the fixing rod 10 to move down at a preset speed until the drill bit 102 drills to a preset depth, so as to install the fixing rod 10.

[0076] This embodiment first installs the monitoring rod 5, then the fixing rod 10. Since the monitoring rod 5 has no anchoring function and does not generate drilling force, it effectively protects the sensor on the monitoring rod 5. In addition, by using a forward and reverse motor 13 and a drill bit 102, the fixing rod 10 is automatically inserted into the soil layer for fixation, which helps to save labor costs for installing the fixing rod 10. At the same time, since the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motor 13 can be controlled, the drilling force of the drill bit 102 on the fixing rod 10 can be controlled, thereby further avoiding excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod 5, and thus preventing damage to the sensor due to excessive vibration during the installation of the fixing rod 10.

[0077] In one embodiment, in step S20, the housing 4 is attached to the ground surface.

[0078] This implementation method facilitates the stable insertion of the monitoring rod 5 into the soil layer for fixation.

[0079] In one embodiment, in step S30, the controller controls the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motor 13 so that the fixed rod 10 moves down at a preset speed. When the drill bit 102 drills to a preset depth, the controller controls the forward and reverse motor 13 to stop working.

[0080] The controller in this embodiment can be a programmable logic controller.

[0081] By controlling the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motor 13, the fixed rod 10 is moved down at a preset speed, which helps to avoid excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod 5, and thus prevents the sensor from being damaged by excessive vibration during the installation of the fixed rod 10.

[0082] When the drill bit 102 reaches the preset depth, the controller controls the forward and reverse motor 13 to stop working, thereby automatically stopping the automatic insertion process, which helps to further improve the automation level of the automatic insertion process.

[0083] This embodiment controls the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motor 13 to move the fixed rod 10 downward at a preset speed, which helps to avoid excessive vibration of the sensor on the monitoring rod 5, and thus prevents the sensor from being damaged by excessive vibration during the installation of the fixed rod 10; by controlling the forward and reverse motor 13 to stop working through the controller, the automatic insertion process can be stopped automatically, which helps to further improve the automation level of the automatic insertion process.

[0084] This embodiment also provides a monitoring method using the above-mentioned surface movement and deformation monitoring device. The monitoring method includes the following steps: when the soil layer at the probe 54 moves or deforms, the probe 54 also shifts. The angle sensor 52 and the displacement sensor 545 transmit information to the controller. When either the offset angle or the offset displacement measured by the angle sensor 52 and the displacement sensor 545 is greater than its preset value, the controller commands the audible and visual alarm device 1 to sound an alarm.

[0085] This implementation method is beneficial for providing timely warnings to local residents and relevant personnel when excessive movement or deformation of the soil layer occurs.

[0086] In one embodiment, when the offset of probe 54 is small, the offset angle of probe 54 can be verified according to the following formula:

[0087] cosA=(2b 2 -a 2 ) / 2b 2 ,

[0088] Where A is the offset angle of probe 54, b is the length of stick 55, and a is the offset distance measured by displacement sensor 545. The closer A is to the offset angle B measured by angle sensor 52, the more accurate the monitoring result.

[0089] When the offset angle is small, cosA=(b 2 +c 2 -a 2 ) / 2bc, where b and c are the lengths of the rod 55. Substituting c equal to b into the formula, we get cosA = (2b / 2bc) / 2bc. 2 -a 2 ) / 2b 2 .

[0090] This embodiment, through real-time verification, can detect the accuracy of monitoring results in real time, which helps to improve the reliability of the monitoring device.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0092] While the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein can be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A surface movement and deformation monitoring device, characterized in that, include, The monitoring rod has a probe at its bottom end. The probe includes a displacement sensor and a long nail connected below the displacement sensor. The long nail can be inserted into the soil layer. An angle sensor is installed at its top to measure the offset angle of the monitoring rod; as well as, Multiple fixed rods are provided with drill bits at their low ends and are connected to a forward and reverse motor in their middle sections. The forward and reverse motors can drive the fixed rods to drill into the soil. The multiple fixed rods are evenly distributed around the monitoring rod. It also includes a housing, within which a transmission assembly is provided to drive the fixed rod to move up and down. Multiple transmission assemblies on the same horizontal plane are connected to each other by connecting bolts; each fixed rod is equipped with an equal number of transmission assemblies. The monitoring rod does not perform anchoring or drilling functions, while the fixing rod is used for anchoring and fixing. The forward and reverse motors drive each of the fixed rods to move down at the same preset speed until the drill bit reaches the preset depth; The monitoring rod includes: The outer cylinder is used to house the internal structure of the monitoring rod; The fixed base has the angle sensor installed on its top surface and an internal tube fixed on its bottom surface. The internal tube is sleeved inside the outer cylinder. A pestle, which extends from the mounting base to the probe through the built-in tube; A collar, which is fixed between the inner tube and the outer cylinder at the upper part of the inner tube; and, A baffle, which is disposed at the bottom end of the internal tube, is used to restrict the downward movement of the internal tube.

2. The surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the monitoring rod extends into the housing, which can accommodate the fixing rod. A fixing rod through hole is provided on the bottom surface of the housing, through which the fixing rod can extend and retract into the housing.

3. The surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The probe includes: A housing for supporting the displacement sensor; Pin holder for securing the long pin; and, A connecting plate is used to connect the receiving seat and the nail seat.

4. The surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly is connected to the housing via a mounting base.

5. The surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes: An attachment shell is used to protect and secure the forward and reverse rotating motor; An internally threaded tube, the internal thread on its inner wall being used to mate with the external thread on the outer wall of the fixing rod, the forward and reverse motor being able to drive the internally threaded tube to rotate, thereby driving the fixing rod to move up and down; and, An adapter for connecting the reversible motor and the internally threaded tube.

6. The surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A control box is installed at the top of the housing. The control box contains an energy storage battery and a controller that are electrically connected. The controller is communicatively connected to the forward and reverse motor, the angle sensor, and the displacement sensor.

7. The surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, An audible and visual alarm device is installed on the top surface of the control box, and the audible and visual alarm device is communicatively connected to the controller.

8. The surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control box on the housing is provided with lifting straps on both sides.

9. A method for installing a surface movement and deformation monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, S10, drive a pile hole on the ground surface at the monitoring point. The diameter of the pile hole is equal to the outer diameter of the monitoring rod, and the depth of the pile hole is equal to the length of the monitoring rod. S20, drive the monitoring rod into the pile hole, so that the long nail of the probe is driven into the soil layer inside the pile hole; S30, the forward and reverse motors drive each of the fixed rods to move down at the same preset speed until the drill bit drills to the preset depth, so as to install the fixed rods.

10. The installation method of the surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S20, the shell is attached to the ground surface.

11. The installation method of the surface movement and deformation monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S30, the controller controls the rotation speed of the forward and reverse motor to move the fixed rod down at a preset speed. When the drill bit reaches the preset depth, the controller controls the forward and reverse motor to stop working.

12. A monitoring method using the surface movement and deformation monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When the soil layer at the probe location moves or deforms, the probe also shifts. The angle sensor and the displacement sensor transmit information to the controller. When either the shift angle or the shift displacement measured by the angle sensor or the displacement sensor exceeds its preset value, the controller commands the audible and visual alarm device to sound an alarm. When the shift of the probe is small, the shift angle of the probe can be verified according to the following formula: , Where A is the offset angle of the probe, b is the length of the stick, and a is the offset distance measured by the displacement sensor. The closer A is to the offset angle B measured by the angle sensor, the more accurate the monitoring result.

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