A mechanical loading test device

Abstract

This invention discloses a mechanical loading test device, comprising a support frame for supporting the test piece, a loading disk that can be raised and lowered within the support frame for loading the test piece, at least one set of vertical loading members, and at least one set of planar loading members; one end of each planar loading member is fixedly connected to the loading disk, and the other end is slidably connected to the support frame; all vertical loading members are vertically positioned between the support frame and the loading disk. All loading members are mounted on the support frame, enabling the support frame to withstand the test reaction force applied by all loading members, eliminating safety issues caused by the test reaction force borne by the wall or ground, thus ensuring high safety. During loading, the height of all planar loading members can be flexibly adjusted according to the height of the loading disk, ensuring that all planar loading members can load the loading disk on the same horizontal plane, resulting in more realistic mechanical test data, more accurate test results, and higher test precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical performance testing technology, and in particular to a mechanical loading test device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machinery, mechanical loading testing equipment is often used to conduct mechanical loading tests on mechanical parts in order to test their mechanical strength, obtain more detailed stress test data, and more accurately assess their reliability and lifespan. This provides data support for the normal operation of mechanical parts when installed on a complete set of equipment and is widely used in industries such as defense, shipbuilding, and automobiles.

[0003] However, existing mechanical loading testing devices typically contain multiple actuators to apply mechanical loads to the mechanical parts under test. Due to current technological limitations, some actuators are directly fixed to a wall or floor. During loading, the wall or floor must withstand significant test reaction forces. However, due to adverse factors such as environment and materials, prolonged exposure to such large test reaction forces can easily lead to cracking of the wall or floor, compromising safety. Furthermore, the fixed positions of the actuators on the wall or floor prevent multiple actuators from applying loads to the mechanical parts under test at different heights. This makes it difficult to meet the actual loading requirements of the mechanical parts under test, resulting in unreliable mechanical testing data, significantly impacting the test results and leading to relatively low test accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the safety and testing accuracy of existing mechanical loading test devices is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical loading test device, wherein the load-bearing frame can withstand the test reaction force applied by all loading components, and all planar loading components load the test piece in the same horizontal plane, which has high safety and test accuracy.

[0006] The mechanical loading test device provided by the present invention includes a support frame for supporting the test piece, a loading disk that can be raised and lowered inside the support frame for loading the test piece, at least one set of vertical loading members and at least one set of planar loading members; one end of all planar loading members is fixedly connected to the loading disk and the other end is slidably connected to the support frame; all vertical loading members are vertically arranged between the support frame and the loading disk.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes at least one lifting drive component, at least one tilt angle detection component, and a controller connected to all lifting drive components and all tilt angle detection components respectively; all lifting drive components are correspondingly disposed between all planar loading components and the bearing frame; all tilt angle detection components are correspondingly disposed on all planar loading components; the controller is used to control the corresponding lifting drive component to drive the connected planar loading component to lift and lower according to the signal fed back by any tilt angle detection component, so as to adjust the loading angle of the planar loading component.

[0008] Preferably, all planar loading components are connected to guide slides, and all columns of the load-bearing frame are equipped with guide rails that cooperate with the guide slides.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes at least one displacement detection element, with all displacement detection elements corresponding to all planar loading elements, and all planar loading elements and all displacement detection elements are connected to the controller; the controller is used to obtain the output displacement of the corresponding planar loading element based on the signal fed back by any displacement detection element.

[0010] Preferably, the movable end of any planar loading member is rotatably connected to the column of the bearing frame via a hinge support, and the system also includes at least one test force detection member connected to the controller. All test force detection members are correspondingly located between the movable end of all planar loading members and the connected hinge support. The controller is used to obtain the loading force of the corresponding planar loading member based on the signal fed back by any test force detection member.

[0011] Preferably, the loading plate includes an upper plate, a lower plate parallel to the upper plate, several sets of reinforcing components arranged radially and vertically fixed between the upper and lower plates, and a fixing plate fixed to at least one set of reinforcing components; the upper and lower sides of each fixing plate are respectively connected to planar loading components and vertical loading components.

[0012] Preferably, each set of reinforcing components includes two connecting plates distributed at an angle and several reinforcing plates arranged parallel between the two connecting plates.

[0013] Preferably, each of the two sets of reinforcing components arranged at arbitrary intervals is fixed with a fixing plate; a receiving cavity is formed between any two sets of reinforcing components, and the receiving cavity is used to accommodate the vertical loading member fixed to the fixing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the support frame includes a base, all the columns of the support frame are vertically fixed on the base, and at least one reinforcing beam is fixed between each column and the base.

[0015] Preferably, the load-bearing frame also includes a crossbeam fixed between any two adjacent columns, and reinforcing beams are provided between the crossbeam and the column and between any two adjacent crossbeams.

[0016] Compared to the prior art, the mechanical loading test device provided by the present invention includes a support frame, a loading disk, at least one set of vertical loading members and at least one set of planar loading members. The loading disk can be raised and lowered inside the support frame. All vertical loading members are vertically arranged between the support frame and the loading disk. All planar loading members are connected between the loading disk and the support frame, that is, all loading members are mounted on the support frame, so that the support frame can withstand the test reaction force applied by all loading members, eliminating the safety problems caused by the test reaction force borne by the wall or ground, and thus having a high level of safety.

[0017] In addition, one end of all planar loading components is fixedly connected to the loading disk, and the other end is slidably connected to the bearing frame. During the loading process, the height of all planar loading components can be flexibly adjusted according to the height of the loading disk to ensure that all planar loading components can load the loading disk in the same horizontal plane. This avoids uneven force on the test piece due to different loading angles of each planar loading component on the loading disk, ensuring that the load applied to the test piece is closer to the actual situation, obtaining more realistic mechanical test data, more accurate test results, and higher test precision. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of a mechanical loading test apparatus provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Axonometric view of the load-bearing frame;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Front view of the loading disk;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Rear structure diagram of the loading disk;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A partial sectional view of the loading disk;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the mid-plane loading component.

[0026] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0027] Test piece 11, bearing frame 12, loading disk 13, vertical loading piece 14, planar loading piece 15, lifting drive piece 16, tilt angle detection piece 17, guide rail 18, displacement detection piece 19, hinge support 20 and test force detection piece 21;

[0028] Column 121, base 122, reinforcing beam 123, crossbeam 124, and strengthening beam 125;

[0029] Upper plate 131, lower plate 132, reinforcing assembly 133, fixing plate 134 and receiving cavity 135;

[0030] Extension 1311;

[0031] Extension 1321;

[0032] Connecting plate 1331 and reinforcing plate 1332;

[0033] Longitudinal loading member 151 and transverse loading member 152;

[0034] Lifting motor 161, lead screw 162 and guide slide 163. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] First, it should be noted that the test pieces mentioned in the article can be large components, such as steel structural components, steel cylinders, large pipes, large frames, etc.

[0038] This invention discloses a mechanical loading test apparatus, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes a support frame 12, a loading disk 13, at least one set of vertical loading members 14, and at least one set of planar loading members 15. The support frame 12 is used to support the test piece 11, and all other components are also mounted on the support frame 12.

[0039] The loading disk 13 is vertically mounted within the support frame 12 and is used to load the workpiece 11 under test. The loading method of the loading disk 13 is related to the arrangement of all vertical loading elements 14 and all planar loading elements 15. All vertical loading elements 14 are vertically positioned between the support frame 12 and the loading disk 13 and are used to load the workpiece 11 under test along the Z-axis direction via the loading disk 13. All planar loading elements 15 are connected between the support frame 12 and the outer edges of the loading disk 13. Each planar loading element 15 includes a longitudinal loading element 151 and a transverse loading element 152. The longitudinal loading element 151 is used to load the workpiece 11 under test along the Y-axis direction via the loading disk 13, and the transverse loading element 152 is used to load the workpiece 11 under test along the X-axis direction via the loading disk 13. Any vertical loading element 14, longitudinal loading element 151, and transverse loading element 152 can be a hydraulic actuator, but is not limited to this. For the specific structure and working principle of the hydraulic actuator, please refer to the prior art.

[0040] Specifically, the support frame 12 has four columns 121, and two sets of vertical loading members 14 are vertically arranged between any two adjacent columns 121, so that there are eight sets of vertical loading members 14 distributed on the support frame 12. Two sets of longitudinal loading members 151 and two sets of transverse loading members 152 are installed between the four columns 121, and the two sets of longitudinal loading members 151 and the two sets of transverse loading members 152 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0041] The above-mentioned mechanical loading test device has five loading modes, as follows:

[0042] 1) Only all vertical loaders 14 are loaded with the same loading force along the Z-axis on the test piece 11, while all longitudinal loaders 151 and all transverse loaders 152 are not loaded, and the force on the test piece 11 along the Z-axis is tested.

[0043] 2) All vertical loaders 14 are not loaded, while two longitudinal loaders 151 are loaded in different directions and two transverse loaders 151 are loaded in different directions. The transverse and longitudinal loading directions are the same in a ring. The torque of the test piece 11 torsion around the Z-axis is tested.

[0044] 3) All vertical loaders 14 are loaded with different loading forces on the test piece 11, while all longitudinal loaders 151 and all transverse loaders 152 are not loaded. The torque of the bottom of the test piece 11 twisting downward around the Y-axis or the torque of the bottom twisting downward around the X-axis is tested.

[0045] 4) All vertical loaders 14 are not loaded, and all longitudinal loaders 151 or all transverse loaders 152 are loaded with the same loading force on the test piece 11 to test the torque of the top of the test piece 11 torsion upward around the X-axis or the torque of the top of the test piece 11 torsion upward around the Y-axis.

[0046] 5) All vertical loading components 14, all longitudinal loading components 151, and all transverse loading components 152 are loaded onto the test component 11 to achieve multi-dimensional loading.

[0047] Considering that all vertical loading members 14 and all planar loading members 15 are mounted on the bearing frame 12, the bearing frame 12 can withstand the test reaction force applied by all loading members, eliminating the safety problems caused by the test reaction force borne by the wall or ground, and thus has a high level of safety.

[0048] In addition, one end of all the planar loading components 15 is fixedly connected to the loading disk 13 and the other end is slidably connected to the bearing frame 12. During the loading process, the height of all the planar loading components 15 can be flexibly adjusted according to the height of the loading disk 13 to ensure that all the planar loading components 15 can load the loading disk 13 in the same horizontal plane, avoid the planar loading components 15 being at an angle to the loading disk 13, ensure that the load applied to the test piece 11 is closer to the actual situation, obtain more realistic mechanical test data, more accurate test results, and higher test precision.

[0049] In summary, the mechanical loading test device provided by this invention has high safety and testing accuracy.

[0050] To further optimize the above technical solution, based on the above embodiments, the preferred embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the mechanical loading test device also includes at least one lifting drive component 16, at least one tilt angle detection component 17, and a controller. The controller is connected to all the lifting drive components 16 and all the tilt angle detection components 17. All the lifting drive components 16 are correspondingly arranged between all the planar loading components 15 and the bearing frame 12, and are used to drive one end of the planar loading component 15 to rise and fall relative to the other end, so as to adjust the planar loading component 15 until the planar loading component 15 is perpendicular to the Z-axis.

[0051] Specifically, each set of lifting drive components 16 includes a lifting motor 161, a lead screw 162, and a guide slide 163. The guide slide 163 is rotatably connected to one end of the planar loading component 15 via a hinge support 20. The guide slide 163 is mounted on the lead screw 162, which is connected to the lifting motor 161. The lifting motor 161 drives the lead screw 162 to rotate, and the lead screw 162 drives the guide slide 163 to slide along the Z-axis, thereby causing one end of the planar loading component 15 to rise or fall relative to the loading disk 13. Of course, the structure of the lifting drive component 16 is not limited to this; for example, it can also be a hydraulic cylinder, which does not affect the achievement of the purpose of this invention.

[0052] All tilt angle detection elements 17 are correspondingly provided on all planar loading elements 15. The tilt angle detection elements 17 are used to detect the tilt angle of the planar loading element 15 they are located on. Specifically, they can be angle sensors, but are not limited to them.

[0053] When any tilt angle detector 17 detects that the tilt angle of the plane detector it is located in is not within the preset range, the tilt angle detector 17 sends a signal to the controller. After receiving the signal, the controller controls the corresponding lifting drive 16 to move, which drives the connected plane loading 15 to automatically lift and lower, thereby automatically adjusting the loading angle of the plane loading 15 and ensuring that the height of all plane loading 15 is consistent. This ensures that all plane loading 15 drive the loading disk 13 to load the test piece 11 in a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis.

[0054] All planar loading components 15 are connected to guide slides 163. The support frame 12 includes multiple columns 121, each column 121 is equipped with a guide rail 18, and the guide rail 18 cooperates with the guide slide 163 to guide the planar loading component 15 to move linearly along the Z-axis. Stops can be provided at both ends of the guide rail 18 to limit the extreme positions of the guide slide 163 and prevent the guide slide 163 from disengaging from the guide rail 18.

[0055] To further optimize the above technical solution, based on the above embodiments, the preferred embodiment is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the mechanical loading test device also includes at least one displacement detection element 19. All displacement detection elements 19 are correspondingly located on all planar loading elements 15 to detect the output displacement of their respective planar loading elements 15. The displacement detection element 19 can be a position sensor, but is not limited to this. All planar loading elements 15 and all displacement detection elements 19 are connected to a controller. Each displacement detection element 19 detects the output displacement of its corresponding planar loading element 15 and sends a signal to the controller. The controller receives the signal, processes the electrical signal, and obtains the corresponding output displacement of the planar loading element 15. Alternatively, the controller can also send the output displacement of the planar loading element 15 to a display screen, allowing the display screen to show the output displacement in real time.

[0056] In addition, it should be specifically noted that the vertical loading member 14 and the planar loading member 15 have the same structure, the difference being that the vertical loading member 14 does not have an inclination detection member 17, while only the planar loading member 15 has an inclination detection member 17.

[0057] To further optimize the above technical solution, based on the above embodiments, preferably, the movable end of any planar loading member 15 is rotatably connected to the column 121 of the bearing frame 12 via a hinge support 20. The hinge supports 20 provided at both ends of any planar loading member 15 can specifically be universal ball joints, but are not limited to this. The mechanical loading test device also includes at least one test force detection element 21 connected to the controller, such as... Figure 6As shown, all test force detection elements 21 are correspondingly located between the movable end of each planar loading element 15 and the connected hinge support 20. The test force detection element 21 can be a force sensor used to detect pressure or tension, but is not limited to this. Each test force detection element 21 is used to detect the pressure between the movable end of the planar loading element 15 and the connected hinge support 20. The controller processes the electrical signal based on the feedback signal from any test force detection element 21 to obtain the loading force of the corresponding planar loading element 15.

[0058] To further optimize the above technical solution, based on the above embodiments, the preferred embodiment is as follows: Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the loading disk 13 includes an upper plate 131, a lower plate 132, several sets of reinforcing components 133, and several fixing plates 134. The upper plate 131 has a circular center and several extensions 1311 integrally fixed along its outer side. All extensions 1311 are radially distributed, and each extension 1311 is fixedly connected to two adjacent sets of reinforcing components 133. The lower plate 132 has a disc-shaped center and several extensions 1321 integrally fixed along its outer side. All extensions 1321 are radially distributed, and each extension 1321 is fixedly connected to one set of reinforcing components 133. Specifically, each extension 1321 may be in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. All reinforcing components 133 are radially distributed and vertically fixed between the upper plate 131 and the lower plate 132 to enhance the mechanical strength of the loading disk 13. The fixing plates 134 are fixed to at least one set of reinforcing components 133. Each fixed plate 134 has a planar loading member 15 and a vertical loading member 14 connected to its upper and lower sides respectively, so that the planar loading members 15 and the vertical loading members 14 are reasonably arranged, making the structure of the loading disk 13 more compact. Specifically, the upper side of each fixed plate 134 is connected to the movable end of one set of planar loading members 15, and the two ends of its lower side are connected to two sets of vertical loading members 14 respectively.

[0059] Each set of reinforcing components 133 includes two connecting plates 1331 arranged at an angle and several reinforcing plates 1332 arranged parallel between the two connecting plates 1331. Of course, the structure of each set of reinforcing components 133 is not limited to this.

[0060] Two sets of reinforcing components 133, set at arbitrary intervals, are each fixed with a fixing plate 134. All fixing plates 134 are evenly distributed to ensure that the loading disk 13 is subjected to uniform force.

[0061] A receiving cavity 135 is formed between any two sets of reinforcing components 133. The receiving cavity 135 is used to accommodate the vertical loading member 14 that is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 134.

[0062] To further optimize the above technical solution, based on the above embodiments, the preferred embodiment is a closed self-supporting structure of the bearing frame 12, which can withstand a large test reaction force. The bearing frame 12 includes a base 122, columns 121, and crossbeams 124. All columns 121 are vertically fixed on the base 122, and the test piece 11 is placed at the center of the base 122. Specifically, the test piece 11 can be fixed to the center of the base 122 using bolts. At least one reinforcing beam 123 is fixed between each column 121 and the base 122 to improve the rigidity of the bearing frame 12.

[0063] Furthermore, the load-bearing frame 12 also includes a crossbeam 124 fixed between any two adjacent columns 121. A reinforcing beam 125 is provided between the crossbeam 124 and the column 121 and between any two adjacent crossbeams 124 to further improve the rigidity of the load-bearing frame 12.

[0064] The mechanical loading test device provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical loading test apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes a support frame (12) for supporting the test piece (11), a loading disk (13) that can be raised and lowered within the support frame (12) for loading the test piece (11), at least one set of vertical loading members (14), and at least one set of planar loading members (15); one end of all the planar loading members (15) is fixedly connected to the loading disk (13), and the other end is slidably connected to the support frame (12); all the vertical loading members (14) are vertically disposed between the support frame (12) and the loading disk (13); It also includes at least one lifting drive (16), at least one tilt angle detection element (17), and a controller connected to all the lifting drive (16) and all the tilt angle detection elements (17) respectively; all the lifting drive (16) are respectively disposed between all the planar loading elements (15) and the bearing frame (12); all the tilt angle detection elements (17) are respectively disposed on all the planar loading elements (15); the controller is used to control the corresponding lifting drive (16) to drive the connected planar loading element (15) to rise and fall according to the signal fed back by any of the tilt angle detection elements (17) so as to adjust the loading angle of the planar loading element (15).

2. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, All the planar loading components (15) are connected to guide slides (163), and all the columns (121) of the bearing frame (12) are provided with guide slides (18) that cooperate with the guide slides (163).

3. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, It also includes at least one displacement detection element (19), all of the displacement detection elements (19) are respectively disposed on all of the planar loading elements (15), all of the planar loading elements (15) and all of the displacement detection elements (19) are connected to the controller; the controller is used to obtain the output displacement of the corresponding planar loading element (15) according to the signal fed back by any of the displacement detection elements (19).

4. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The movable end of any of the planar loading members (15) is rotatably connected to the column (121) of the bearing frame (12) via a hinge support (20), and also includes at least one test force detection member (21) connected to the controller. All the test force detection members (21) are respectively arranged between the movable end of all the planar loading members (15) and the connected hinge support (20); the controller is used to obtain the loading force of the corresponding planar loading member (15) according to the signal fed back by any of the test force detection members (21).

5. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The loading disk (13) includes an upper plate (131), a lower plate (132) parallel to the upper plate, several sets of reinforcing components (133) arranged radially and vertically fixed between the upper plate (131) and the lower plate (132), and a fixing plate (134) fixed to at least one set of the reinforcing components (133); the upper and lower sides of each fixing plate (134) are respectively connected to the planar loading member (15) and the vertical loading member (14).

6. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each set of reinforcing components (133) includes two connecting plates (1331) distributed at an angle and several reinforcing plates (1332) arranged in parallel between the two connecting plates (1331).

7. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the two sets of reinforcing components (133) arranged at arbitrary intervals is fixed with a fixing plate (134); a receiving cavity (135) is formed between any two sets of reinforcing components (133), and the receiving cavity (135) is used to receive the vertical loading member (14) fixed to the fixing plate (134).

8. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The support frame (12) includes a base (122), and all the columns (121) of the support frame (12) are vertically fixed on the base (122). At least one reinforcing beam (123) is fixed between each column (121) and the base (122).

9. The mechanical loading test apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The load-bearing frame (12) also includes a crossbeam (124) fixed between any two adjacent columns (121), and a reinforcing beam (125) is provided between the crossbeam (124) and the column (121) and between any two adjacent crossbeams (124).

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