High-pressure hydrogen damage loading device and method for material mechanical property test

Abstract

The application provides a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device for material mechanical property testing, comprising: a high-pressure hydrogen environment module for placing a material to be tested; a gas loading module connected with the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; a high polymer material coating module; and a temperature control module for controlling the temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; wherein the high-pressure hydrogen environment module can be filled with high-pressure hydrogen by the gas loading module to form a high-pressure hydrogen environment, and the material to be tested can be hydrogen-charged or loaded with hydrogen damage in the high-pressure hydrogen environment; and the high polymer material coating module can cover high polymer material on the surface of the material to be tested subjected to hydrogen damage. The application also provides a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading method for material mechanical property testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material performance testing technology, specifically relating to a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device and method for testing the mechanical properties of materials. Background Technology

[0002] The field of high-pressure hydrogen energy is developing rapidly. The impact of hydrogen on materials is the foundation of hydrogen energy safety technology, and material compatibility and damage mechanisms are important bases for design, manufacturing, use, and maintenance. Hydrogen embrittlement of metallic materials mainly occurs due to hydrogen introduced during steel smelting, corrosion processes, and high-temperature penetration. Research on hydrogen damage in high-pressure, high-purity, ambient-temperature environments during hydrogen energy utilization is relatively limited, and research institutions with the capability to conduct dynamic experiments in high-pressure hydrogen environments to meet the requirements of hydrogen energy safety research are few and far between.

[0003] Existing methods for studying the damage of materials to high-pressure hydrogen require mechanical property tests on metals in a high-pressure hydrogen environment, such as slow strain rate tensile tests and fatigue tests. For example, the recommended test method for the compatibility of metallic materials with hydrogen environment in GB / T 34542.2-2018 requires slow strain rate tensile testing of materials in a high-pressure hydrogen environment. This method cannot avoid dynamic sealing between the tensile rod and the test vessel, posing a high safety risk of high-pressure hydrogen leakage during the test.

[0004] In addition, existing high-pressure hydrogen environment material hydrogen damage testing methods have high requirements for equipment sealing, a high possibility of hydrogen leakage, poor safety, and expensive testing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems described above, this invention aims to provide a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device and method for testing the mechanical properties of materials. This high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device and method can apply high-pressure hydrogen damage to the material under test and encapsulate the material under test after applying the high-pressure hydrogen damage, thereby effectively preventing the high-pressure hydrogen damage from escaping after depressurization.

[0006] Therefore, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device for testing the mechanical properties of materials is provided, comprising: a high-pressure hydrogen environment module for placing the material to be tested; a gas loading module connected to the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; a polymer material coating module; and a temperature control module for controlling the temperature within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; wherein the high-pressure hydrogen environment module is capable of forming a high-pressure hydrogen environment by filling high-pressure hydrogen through the gas loading module, and subjecting the material to be tested to hydrogen charging or hydrogen damage loading in the high-pressure hydrogen environment, and the polymer material coating module is capable of covering the surface of the material to be tested subjected to hydrogen damage with polymer material.

[0007] In one embodiment, the high-pressure hydrogen environment module is configured as a high-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0008] In one embodiment, the high-pressure hydrogen environment module is constructed as a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the two ends of the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline are provided with flange covers to form a seal.

[0009] In one embodiment, the gas loading module includes at least three high-pressure gas cylinders for filling different high-pressure gases, and each of the high-pressure gas cylinders is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen environment module through a first pipeline.

[0010] In one embodiment, a first master switch valve is provided in the first pipeline.

[0011] In one embodiment, a first sub-switch valve is provided between each of the high-pressure gas cylinders and the first pipeline.

[0012] In one embodiment, the polymer material coating module includes: a mechanical coating unit installed within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; a spraying unit installed within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; and a polymer material storage unit disposed outside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; wherein the mechanical coating unit and the spraying unit are respectively connected to the polymer material storage unit via a second pipeline.

[0013] In one embodiment, a second master switch valve is provided in the second pipeline.

[0014] In one embodiment, a second sub-switch valve is provided between the spraying unit and the second pipeline.

[0015] In one embodiment, the temperature control module includes: a temperature control exchange mechanism installed within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; and a temperature control device located outside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; wherein the temperature control exchange mechanism is signal-connected to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device performs temperature control through an external heat source and a cold source.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading method for testing the mechanical properties of materials is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Provide the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device as described above;

[0018] Prepare a sample of the material to be tested and place the sample of the material to be tested into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module;

[0019] High-pressure hydrogen gas is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module by the gas loading module, and a high-pressure hydrogen environment is formed in the gas loading module, so that the test material sample is subjected to hydrogen filling or hydrogen loading damage in the high-pressure hydrogen environment.

[0020] The polymer coating module is used to cover the surface of the test material sample after hydrogen damage is applied with polymer material to encapsulate the test material sample.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are:

[0022] The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device for material mechanical property testing according to the present invention can apply high-pressure hydrogen damage to the material under test and encapsulate the material after high-pressure hydrogen damage loading to isolate the material from the outside environment. This ensures that the high-pressure hydrogen, after penetrating into the material, will not diffuse out, thus effectively preventing the escape of the high-pressure hydrogen damage after depressurization. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading method for material mechanical property testing according to the present invention can separate the high-pressure hydrogen damage test and the material damage testing test, ensuring that the high-pressure hydrogen, after penetrating into the material, will not escape. Therefore, material mechanical property testing can be carried out under safer and simpler test conditions, making high-pressure hydrogen material damage and compatibility testing safer. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 The structure of the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device for testing the mechanical properties of materials according to the present invention is schematically shown.

[0025] In this application, all drawings are schematic and are used only to illustrate the principles of the invention, and are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 The structure of a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100 for testing the mechanical properties of materials according to the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1As shown, the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100 includes a high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1, a gas loading module 2, a polymer material coating module 3, and a temperature control module 4. The high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is used to place the test material (not shown) and forms a high-pressure hydrogen environment as a spatial environment for hydrogen charging or hydrogen damage loading onto the test material. The gas loading module 2 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 and is used to fill the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 with high-pressure gas. The temperature control module 4 is used to control the temperature inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1. The high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 can be filled with high-pressure hydrogen through the gas loading module 2, thereby forming a high-pressure hydrogen environment inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1, and subjecting the test material to hydrogen charging or hydrogen damage loading within this environment. The polymer material coating module 4 can cover the surface of the test material to which hydrogen damage is applied with polymer material. Thus, the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100 can load high-pressure hydrogen damage onto the test material and encapsulate the test material after high-pressure hydrogen damage loading, effectively preventing the high-pressure hydrogen damage from escaping after depressurization.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 can be constructed as a high-pressure hydrogen storage container, such as a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder.

[0029] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 can be constructed as a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the two ends of the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline are provided with flange covers to form a seal. The high-pressure hydrogen pipeline also includes its auxiliary flanges, gaskets, and flame arresters, among other safety accessories.

[0030] According to the present invention, the gas loading module 2 includes at least three high-pressure gas cylinders 21 for filling different high-pressure gases, and each high-pressure gas cylinder 21 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 through a first pipeline 22.

[0031] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the gas loading module 2 includes a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, a nitrogen cylinder, and another gas cylinder. These three cylinders are respectively connected to the first pipeline 22.

[0032] According to the present invention, a first master switch valve 221 is provided in the first pipeline 22. The first master switch valve 221 is disposed on the pipeline of the first pipeline 22 between the plurality of high-pressure gas cylinders 21 and the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1. The first master switch valve 221 is used to control the connection between the plurality of high-pressure gas cylinders 21 and the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1, so as to fill the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 with the corresponding high-pressure gas.

[0033] Meanwhile, a first sub-switch valve 211 is provided between each high-pressure gas cylinder 212 and the first pipeline 22. By opening the corresponding first sub-switch valve 211, the corresponding high-pressure gas can be selected to be filled into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1.

[0034] During operation, the first main switch valve 221 of the first pipeline 22 is opened, and the corresponding first sub-switch valve 211 of one of the multiple high-pressure gas cylinders 212 is opened at the same time, so that the corresponding high-pressure gas can be filled into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1.

[0035] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the polymer coating module 3 includes a mechanical coating unit 31, a spraying unit 32, and a polymer material storage unit 33. The polymer coating module 3 is used to encapsulate the test material after it has undergone high-pressure hydrogen damage. The mechanical coating unit 31 is installed inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 and is used to coat the surface of the test material after it has undergone high-pressure hydrogen damage with polymer material. The spraying unit 32 is installed inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 and is used to spray polymer material onto the surface of the test material after it has undergone high-pressure hydrogen damage. The polymer material storage unit 33 is located outside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 and is used to store polymer material. The mechanical coating unit 31 and the spraying unit 32 are respectively connected to the polymer material storage unit 33 via a second pipeline 34. The polymer coating module 3 can cover the surface of the test material subjected to hydrogen damage with polymer material through methods such as winding, coating, and spraying within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a second master valve 341 is provided in the second pipeline 34. The second master valve 341 is located on the pipeline 34 between the mechanical coating unit 31, the spraying unit 32, and the polymer material storage unit 33. The second master valve 341 is used to control the connection between the polymer material storage unit 33 and the mechanical coating unit 31 and the spraying unit 32, so that polymer material can be coated onto the surface of the material to be tested through the mechanical coating unit 31 and the spraying unit 32, respectively.

[0037] In one embodiment, a second sub-switch valve 321 is provided between the spraying unit 32 and the second pipeline 34.

[0038] During operation, when the second main switch valve 341 is opened and the second sub-switch valve 321 is closed, the polymer material coating module 3 applies polymer material to the surface of the material to be tested only through the mechanical application unit 31. When the second main switch valve 341 and the second sub-switch valve 321 are opened simultaneously, the polymer material coating module 3 applies and sprays polymer material to the surface of the material to be tested through both the mechanical application unit 31 and the spraying unit 32.

[0039] According to the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the temperature control module 4 includes a temperature control exchange mechanism 41 and a temperature control device 42. The temperature control exchange mechanism 41 is installed inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1. The temperature control device 42 is located outside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1. The temperature control exchange mechanism 41 and the temperature control device 42 are connected by signals.

[0040] In one embodiment, the temperature control device 42 controls the temperature through an external heat source and a cold source.

[0041] The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100 for material mechanical property testing according to the present invention can apply high-pressure hydrogen damage to the material under test and encapsulate the material after high-pressure hydrogen damage loading to isolate the material from the outside environment. This ensures that high-pressure hydrogen does not diffuse out of the material after penetrating in, thereby effectively preventing the escape of the high-pressure hydrogen damage after depressurization. Therefore, material mechanical property testing can be carried out under safer and simpler test conditions, making high-pressure hydrogen material damage and compatibility testing safer.

[0042] The present invention also proposes a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading method for material mechanical property testing, which uses the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100 for material mechanical property testing and includes the following steps.

[0043] First, the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100 for material mechanical property testing is provided.

[0044] Next, a test material sample (not shown) is prepared and placed in the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1.

[0045] Then, the first main switch valve 221 in the first pipeline 22 is opened, and the first sub-switch valve corresponding to the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is opened at the same time. Thus, high-pressure hydrogen is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 through the gas loading module 2 to form a high-pressure hydrogen environment in the gas loading module 1, so that the test material sample is subjected to hydrogen filling or hydrogen loading damage in the high-pressure hydrogen environment.

[0046] Subsequently, the second main switch valve 341 in the second pipeline 34 is opened, and the second sub-switch valve 321 is selectively opened as needed. This allows the polymer coating module 3 to coat the surface of the test material sample subjected to hydrogen damage, thus encapsulating the sample. By ensuring that high-pressure hydrogen permeates into the material and is then isolated from the external environment through polymer coating, the high-pressure hydrogen will not diffuse out of the material, effectively preventing the escape of high-pressure hydrogen damage after depressurization. This enables material mechanical property testing under safer and simpler experimental conditions, resulting in higher safety for high-pressure hydrogen material damage and compatibility testing.

[0047] Throughout the operation, the temperature within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is controlled by the temperature control module 4. For example, a predetermined temperature can be set, which can be a temperature range. The temperature control module 4, through the temperature control exchange mechanism 41 and the temperature control device 42, works together to ensure that the temperature within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 remains within the predetermined temperature range.

[0048] The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading method for material mechanical property testing according to the present invention can separate the high-pressure hydrogen damage test and the material damage test, ensuring that the high-pressure hydrogen will not escape after penetrating into the material. This allows for safer and simpler testing conditions for material mechanical property testing, thus enhancing the safety of high-pressure hydrogen material damage and compatibility testing. This high-pressure hydrogen damage loading method separates the high-pressure hydrogen damage test from the material mechanical property test, facilitating lower-cost and safer material compatibility testing with hydrogen environments.

[0049] The following section uses a specific material sample as an example to describe in detail the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device and method for testing the mechanical properties of materials according to the present invention.

[0050] Taking 316Ti as the test material as an example. First, a 316Ti metal tensile specimen is prepared. Then, the surface of the 316Ti metal tensile specimen is polished with 400#, 800#, 1200#, and 2000# sandpaper respectively. Next, the 316Ti metal tensile specimen is placed in the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 of the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100, and high-pressure hydrogen is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 through the gas loading module 2, and left for 180 days. After 180 days, the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is depressurized. After depressurization, an adhesive with dimethyl terephthalate as the main component is applied to the surface of the 316Ti metal tensile specimen through the mechanical coating unit 31 inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1. After the adhesive cures, the 316Ti metal tensile specimen is removed, and a slow strain rate tensile test is performed on it.

[0051] Taking 15CrMo low-alloy steel as an example, the following steps are taken: First, a fatigue test specimen is made from the 15CrMo low-alloy steel. Then, the surface of the 15CrMo low-alloy steel fatigue test specimen is polished with 400#, 800#, 1200#, and 2000# sandpaper respectively. Next, the 15CrMo low-alloy steel fatigue test specimen is placed in the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 of the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100. High-pressure hydrogen gas of 35MPa is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 through the gas loading module 2, and the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is heated by resistance heating through the temperature control module 4 until it reaches 120℃, and then left for 90 days. After 90 days, the 35MPa high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is depressurized. Then, 100℃ PEEK90G thermoplastic is applied to the surface of the 15CrMo low-alloy steel fatigue test specimen through the mechanical coating unit 31 inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1. After the plastic has cured, the sample is removed and fatigue tests are performed on the 15CrMo low alloy steel fatigue test sample.

[0052] Taking CuAlFeNiCrMn high-entropy alloy as the test material as an example. First, a tensile test specimen of CuAlFeNiCrMn high-entropy alloy is prepared. Then, the surface of the CuAlFeNiCrMn high-entropy alloy tensile test specimen is polished with 400#, 800#, 1200#, and 2000# sandpaper respectively. Next, the CuAlFeNiCrMn high-entropy alloy tensile test specimen is placed in the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 of the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100, and the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is cooled to -40℃ by the temperature control module 4. Then, high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 through the gas loading module 2, and it is left for 90 days. After 90 days, the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is depressurized, and the temperature is slowly raised to room temperature. Immediately afterward, the CuAlFeNiCrMn high-entropy alloy tensile test specimen is coated with a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film through the mechanical coating unit 31 inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1, and then filled with 502 glue. After the adhesive has cured, the CuAlFeNiCrMn high-entropy alloy metal tensile specimen is removed and subjected to a fatigue test.

[0053] Taking 718 nickel-based alloy as the test material as an example. First, a 718 nickel-based alloy tensile specimen is prepared. Then, the surface of the 718 nickel-based alloy tensile specimen is polished with 400#, 800#, 1200#, and 2000# sandpaper respectively. Next, the 718 nickel-based alloy tensile specimen is placed in the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 of the high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device 100, and the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is heated to 200°C by the temperature control module 4. Then, high-pressure hydrogen is injected into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 through the gas loading module 2, and the specimen is left to stand for 90 days. After 90 days, the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1 is depressurized. Then, PA66 polymer material is immediately coated onto the surface of the 718 nickel-based alloy tensile specimen through the mechanical coating unit 31 inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module 1. After the PA66 polymer material has cured, the 718 nickel-based alloy tensile specimen is removed, and a slow strain rate tensile test is performed on it.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device for testing the mechanical properties of materials, comprising: High-pressure hydrogen environment module (1) for placing the material to be tested; Gas loading module (2) connected to the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; A polymer material coating module (3) includes a mechanical coating unit (31) installed within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module, a spraying unit (32) installed within the high-pressure hydrogen environment module, and a polymer material storage unit (33) located outside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module. The mechanical coating unit and the spraying unit are respectively connected to the polymer material storage unit via a second pipeline (34). Temperature control module (4) for controlling the temperature inside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; The high-pressure hydrogen environment module can form a high-pressure hydrogen environment by filling high-pressure hydrogen with the gas loading module, and subject the test material to hydrogen charging or hydrogen damage in the high-pressure hydrogen environment. The polymer material coating module can cover the surface of the test material subjected to hydrogen damage with polymer material in the polymer material storage unit in the hydrogen environment by the mechanical coating unit, or the mechanical coating unit and the spraying unit.

2. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure hydrogen environment module is constructed as a high-pressure hydrogen storage container.

3. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure hydrogen environment module is constructed as a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, and the two ends of the high-pressure hydrogen pipeline are equipped with flange covers to form a seal.

4. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas loading module includes at least three high-pressure gas cylinders (21) for filling different high-pressure gases, and each of the high-pressure gas cylinders is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen environment module through a first pipeline (22).

5. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first master switch valve (221) is provided in the first pipeline.

6. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, A first sub-switch valve (211) is provided between each of the high-pressure gas cylinders and the first pipeline.

7. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second master switch valve (341) is provided in the second pipeline.

8. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, A second sub-switch valve (321) is provided between the spraying unit and the second pipeline.

9. The high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control module includes: Temperature control exchange mechanism (41) installed in the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; Temperature control device (42) located outside the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; The temperature control switching mechanism is signal-connected to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device performs temperature control through an external heat source and a cold source.

10. A high-pressure hydrogen damage loading method for testing the mechanical properties of materials, comprising the following steps: Provide a high-pressure hydrogen damage loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Prepare a sample of the material to be tested and place the sample of the material to be tested into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module; High-pressure hydrogen gas is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen environment module by the gas loading module, and a high-pressure hydrogen environment is formed in the gas loading module, so that the test material sample is subjected to hydrogen filling or hydrogen loading damage in the high-pressure hydrogen environment. The polymer coating module is used to cover the surface of the test material sample after hydrogen damage is applied with polymer material to encapsulate the test material sample.

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