Battery pole piece, battery, and electric vehicle and energy storage device

Abstract

The application provides a battery pole piece, which comprises a current collector, an active material layer and an insulating layer arranged on the current collector, a region of the current collector on which the active material layer and the insulating layer are not arranged is a blank foil area, the active material layer is arranged on at least one surface of the current collector, the insulating layer is arranged adjacent to the active material layer, the insulating layer is located between the active material layer and the blank foil area, and the insulating layer comprises solid-state insulating particles with a lithium ion conduction function.The technical scheme of the application can fully exert the capacity of the active material layer, the insulating layer can reduce the influence on the specific capacity of the battery while ensuring the safety of the battery.The application also provides a battery containing the above-mentioned electrode pole piece, and an electric vehicle and an energy storage device containing the above-mentioned battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a lithium-ion battery electrode, a battery, and an electric vehicle and energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as high specific energy and low self-discharge rate, and are widely used in portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. However, with the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries, safety issues have gradually emerged, mostly manifesting as internal short circuits. These internal short circuits mainly occur when the positive and negative electrodes inside the battery come into direct contact.

[0003] To prevent short circuits caused by contact between the positive and negative electrodes, a separator is typically placed between the positive and negative electrodes in the lithium battery manufacturing process. However, the separator undergoes thermal shrinkage during charging and discharging, potentially causing contact between the positive and negative electrodes, posing a significant safety hazard. A common approach is to place an insulating layer at the edge of the active material to prevent direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes during separator shrinkage. However, existing insulating layers have weight, occupy electrode volume, and do not conduct ions, thus reducing the overall specific capacity of the battery. How to make the insulating layer both effectively prevent short circuits caused by contact between the positive and negative electrodes and minimize the reduction in the battery's specific capacity is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a battery electrode sheet comprising a current collector, an active material layer, and an insulating layer disposed on the current collector. The area on the current collector without the active material layer and insulating layer is a blank foil area, located on the side of the current collector away from the active material layer, which can subsequently serve as an electrical connection portion. The active material layer is disposed on at least one surface of the current collector, adjacent to the insulating layer, and a portion of the active material layer can be partially covered by the insulating layer. The insulating layer is located between the active material layer and the blank foil area, and comprises solid insulating particles with lithium-ion conduction function. This insulating layer reduces the impact on the battery's specific capacity while ensuring battery safety.

[0005] In some embodiments, the solid insulating particles include one or more of lithium titanium oxide, lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide, lithium titanium aluminum phosphate, lithium aluminum chloride, lithium zirconium chloride, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, Li2S-P2S5, lithium germanium phosphorus sulfide, and lithium tin phosphorus sulfide.

[0006] In some embodiments, the ionic conductivity of the solid insulating particles is greater than or equal to 10. -4 S / cm, or 10 -2 -10 -4 S / cm, or 10-3 -10 -4 S / cm.

[0007] In some embodiments, the insulating layer further includes an adhesive, wherein the weight ratio of the solid insulating particles to the adhesive is (60%-90%):(10%-40%). The adhesive includes one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0008] In some embodiments, the active material layer includes a first region and a second region. The first region is disposed on a side away from the insulating layer, and the second region is disposed on a side close to the insulating layer. The second region is adjacent to and partially covered by the insulating layer. The insulating layer includes solid insulating particles with lithium-ion conduction function. Lithium ions in the second region of the active material layer can enter the electrolyte through the insulating layer, fully utilizing the capacity of the active material layer. The insulating layer reduces its impact on the battery's specific capacity while ensuring battery safety.

[0009] In some embodiments, the projection of the second region onto the plane formed by the thickness and width directions of the current collector can be rectangular, triangular, or trapezoidal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first region of the active material layer is H1, and the minimum thickness of the second region of the active material layer is H2. The thickness H1 of the first region and the minimum thickness H2 of the second region satisfy the following relationship: 0 ≤ H2 / H1 ≤ 1, or 0.2 ≤ H2 / H1 ≤ 0.8, or 0.3 ≤ H2 / H1 ≤ 0.6. In some embodiments, the thickness H1 of the first region of the active material layer ranges from 30-120 μm, 40-100 μm, or 60-80 μm, and the minimum thickness H2 of the second region of the active material layer ranges from 0-120 μm, 40-80 μm, or 40-60 μm.

[0011] In some embodiments, the width of the second region in direct contact with the current collector is W2, and the width of the insulating layer in direct contact with the current collector is W3. The relationship between W2 and W3 is: W2 / W3 ≤ 0.5. In some embodiments, the range of W2 is 0.5-1 mm, and the range of W3 is 0.5-5 mm, or 1-3 mm, or 1-2 mm.

[0012] In some embodiments, the thickness of the insulating layer is H3, the thickness of the first region is H1, the minimum thickness of the second region is H2, H2≤H3 and (H3-H1)≤15μm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the insulating layer further includes an extended region, the thickness of the insulating layer is H3, the thickness of the first region is H1, H1 < H3, and the portion of the insulating layer where H3 is greater than H1 is the extended region. In some embodiments, a portion of the extended region covers a portion of the first region.

[0014] The width of the upper surface of the insulating layer is W31, the width of the insulating layer in direct contact with the current collector is W3, the width of the first region in direct contact with the current collector is W1, the width of the second region in direct contact with the current collector is W2, and 0 ≤ (W31-W3) ≤ 2% (W1+W2).

[0015] In some embodiments, the second region has a contact surface with the insulating layer, and the contact surface has an angle β with the thickness direction of the current collector, wherein 0° < β < 90°, and in some embodiments, 80° < β < 90°.

[0016] In some embodiments, the active material layer comprises a positive electrode active material; the positive electrode active material includes one or more of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide; in some embodiments, the active material layer further includes a conductive agent and / or a binder. The conductive agent includes one or more of carbon black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene, and metal powder; the binder includes one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0017] The battery electrode provided by this invention, by setting solid insulating particles with lithium-ion conduction function in the insulating layer, allows lithium ions in the active material layer covered by the insulating layer to enter the electrolyte through the insulating layer when the insulating layer covers the active material layer, thus fully utilizing the capacity of the active material layer; when the insulating layer does not cover the active material layer, the insulating layer will not obstruct the lithium ion transport path. The insulating layer reduces the impact of the insulating layer on the battery specific capacity while ensuring battery safety.

[0018] The present invention also provides a battery comprising the battery electrode as described above.

[0019] The present invention also provides an electric vehicle, including the battery as described above.

[0020] The present invention also provides an energy storage device, including the battery as described above. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is a top view of the battery electrode in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a side view of a battery electrode sheet in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side view of the battery electrode in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view of the battery electrode in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a side view of the battery electrode in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Wherein, 1-current collector, 2-active material layer, 3-insulating layer, 21-first region, 22-second region, 31-extended region. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0028] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0029] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the battery electrode includes a current collector 1, an active material layer 2 disposed on the current collector 1, and an insulating layer 3. The area on the current collector where the active material layer 2 and insulating layer 3 are not disposed is a blank foil area, which is the current collector 1 itself and can subsequently serve as an electrical connection. The current collector 1 can be copper foil, aluminum foil, a composite current collector, or foamed metal. The active material layer 2 and insulating layer 3 can be disposed on at least one surface of the current collector 1 by coating, hot pressing, or other methods. The insulating layer 3 is located between the active material layer 2 and the blank foil area. Part of the active material layer 2 can be partially covered by the insulating layer 3. The insulating layer 3 includes solid insulating particles with lithium-ion conduction function. Lithium ions in the active material layer 2 covered by the insulating layer 3 can enter the electrolyte through the insulating layer 3, fully utilizing the capacity of the active material layer. The insulating layer 3 ensures battery safety while reducing the impact of the insulating layer 3 on the battery's specific capacity.

[0030] The solid insulating particles include one or more of the following: lithium titanium oxide, lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide, lithium titanium aluminum phosphate, lithium aluminum chloride, lithium zirconium chloride, lithium phosphorus oxy nitrogen compound, Li2S-P2S5, lithium germanium phosphorus sulfur compound, and lithium tin phosphorus sulfur compound.

[0031] The ionic conductivity of the solid insulating particles is greater than or equal to 10. -4 The higher the ionic conductivity of the solid insulating particles (S / cm), the better their lithium-ion conduction performance. In some embodiments, the ionic conductivity of the solid insulating particles is 10. -2 -10 -4 In some other embodiments, the ionic conductivity of the solid insulating particles is 10 S / cm. -3 -10 -4 S / cm.

[0032] The insulating layer 3 further includes an adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the solid insulating particles to the adhesive is (60%-90%):(10%-40%). The adhesive includes one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0033] Depending on the thickness of the active material layer 2 disposed on the current collector 1, the active material layer 2 can be divided into a first region 21 with a thickness H1 and a second region 22 with a minimum thickness H2. The first region 21 is disposed on the side away from the insulating layer 3, and the second region 22 is disposed on the side closer to the insulating layer 3. H2 is less than or equal to H1, that is, 0 ≤ H2 ≤ H1, and the thickness of other positions in the second region 22 is also less than or equal to the thickness H1 of the first region 21.

[0034] The projection of the second region 22 onto the plane formed by the thickness and width directions of the current collector (i.e., the cross-section in the length direction) can be rectangular (e.g., ...). Figure 2 , Figure 3 ), triangle (such as Figure 4 ) or trapezoidal (such as Figure 5 ).

[0035] In some embodiments, both the first region 21 and the second region 22 of the active material layer 2 include a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and / or a binder. The positive electrode active material includes one or more of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide; the conductive agent includes one or more of carbon black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene, and metal powder; the binder includes one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, and polytetrafluoroethylene. In some embodiments, the active material layer 2 may also include a negative electrode active material.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the projection of the second region 22 onto the plane formed by the thickness and width directions of the current collector can be rectangular. The thickness of the second region 22 is the same along the width direction of the current collector and is less than the thickness H1 of the first region 21; that is, the second region 22 has only one thickness H2, and 0 < H2 < H1. For example, the thickness H1 of the first region 21 is set in the range of 60-80 μm, and the minimum thickness H2 of the second region 22 is set in the range of 40-60 μm, that is, 60 μm ≤ H1 ≤ 80 μm, 40 μm ≤ H2 ≤ 60 μm.

[0037] In some embodiments, the width W2 of the second region 22 in direct contact with the current collector is set between 0.5-1mm, i.e., 0.5mm≤W2≤1mm.

[0038] A portion of the insulating layer 3 covers the surface of the second region 22. In some embodiments, the width W3 of the insulating layer 3 in direct contact with the current collector is set between 1 and 2 mm, i.e., 1 mm ≤ W3 ≤ 2 mm. The thickness H3 of the insulating layer 3 can be equal to the thickness H2 of the second region 22, or it can be up to 15 μm thicker than the thickness H1 of the first region 21, i.e., H2 ≤ H3 and (H3 - H1) ≤ 15 μm.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the projection of the second region 22 onto the plane formed by the thickness and width directions of the current collector can be rectangular. The second region 22 has the same thickness along the thickness direction of the current collector and is equal to the thickness H1 of the first region 21; that is, the second region 22 has only one thickness H2, and H2 = H1. In this case, the first region 21 and the second region 22 are indistinguishable and can be considered as a single unit. The insulating layer 3 is disposed on the side of the second region 22 near the empty foil area. In some embodiments, the thickness H3 of the insulating layer 3 can be within 20 μm lower than the thickness H1 of the first region 21, or within 15 μm higher than the thickness H1 of the first region 21, i.e., -20 μm ≤ (H3 - H1) ≤ 15 μm. In some embodiments, the insulating layer 3 further includes an extension region 31. The thickness of the insulating layer 3 is H3, the thickness of the first region 21 is H1, and H1 < H3. The portion of the insulating layer 3 where H3 is greater than H1 is the extension region 31. In some embodiments, the width W31 of the upper surface of the insulating layer 3 is set to: 0≤(W31-W3)≤2%(W1+W2).

[0040] like Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the projection of the second region 22 onto the plane formed by the thickness and width directions of the current collector can be a triangle. Along the width direction of the current collector, the thickness of the second region 22 is not equal; the thickness of the second region 22 closer to the insulating layer 3 is less than the thickness farther from the insulating layer 3. In this case, H2 represents the minimum thickness of the second region 22, H2 = 0. The contact surface between the second region 22 and the insulating layer 3 has a certain inclination relative to the current collector 1, and the angle between the contact surface and the thickness direction of the current collector is β, 0° < β < 90°. In some embodiments, the thickness H3 of the insulating layer 3 can be less than 20 μm lower than the thickness H1 of the first region 21, or more than 15 μm higher than the thickness H1 of the first region 21, i.e.: -20 μm ≤ (H3 - H1) ≤ 15 μm. In some embodiments, the width W31 of the upper surface of the insulating layer 3 is set to: 0 ≤ (W31 - W3 - W2) ≤ 2%W1.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the projection of the second region 22 onto the plane formed by the thickness and width directions of the current collector can be trapezoidal. Along the width direction of the current collector, the thickness of the second region 22 is not equal; the thickness closer to the insulating layer 3 is less than the thickness farther from the insulating layer 3. In some embodiments, H2 represents the minimum thickness of the second region 22, H1 represents the thickness of the first region 21, and H1 is equal to the maximum thickness of the second region 22, H2 < H1. Furthermore, in some embodiments, 0.5 ≤ H2 / H1 < 1; in some embodiments, 60 μm ≤ H1 ≤ 80 μm, 40 μm ≤ H2 ≤ 60 μm. The contact surface between the second region 22 and the insulating layer 3 has a certain inclination relative to the current collector 1 to allow a smooth transition from the first region 21 to the second region 22; the angle between the contact surface and the thickness direction of the current collector is β; in some embodiments, 0° < β < 90°, or 80° < β < 90°. In some embodiments, the thickness H3 of the insulating layer 3 can be equal to the minimum thickness H2 of the second region 22, or it can be up to 15 μm thicker than the thickness H1 of the first region 21, i.e., H2≤H3 and (H3-H1)≤15 μm.

[0042] The following embodiments are in accordance with Figure 5 The coating is applied in a specific manner.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] Solid insulating particles, lithium titanium aluminum phosphate and polyvinylidene fluoride, were mixed in NMP solvent at a ratio of 90:10 to prepare an ion-conducting insulating particle slurry. Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, carbon black, and polyvinylidene fluoride were mixed in NMP at a ratio of 96:1:3 to prepare a positive electrode slurry. The slurry was then coated onto aluminum foil to form... Figure 5The positive electrode active material layer 2 is shown. A second region 22 is formed by thinning the edge of the positive electrode active material layer. The prepared ion-conducting insulating particle slurry is coated on the blank area in close contact with the active material layer 2 to form an insulating layer 3. The insulating layer 3 extends into the positive electrode active material layer 2 and covers the second region 22. The width W3 of the insulating layer 3 in direct contact with the current collector is 2 mm, and the width W2 of the second region 22 in direct contact with the current collector is 1 mm. After the coating is dried, it is rolled into a positive electrode sheet with a main body thickness of 120 micrometers.

[0045] Graphite, carbon black, and polyvinylidene fluoride were mixed in NMP at a ratio of 93:2:5 to form a negative electrode slurry, which was then coated onto copper foil. After drying, the coating was rolled into a negative electrode sheet with a thickness of 135 micrometers. The positive electrode sheet, separator, and negative electrode sheet were stacked and packaged in an aluminum-plastic film to form a pouch cell. Electrolyte was injected into the cell at a ratio of 3.5 g / Ah, and the cell was sealed to form a lithium-ion battery.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The battery is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the width W2 of the second region 22 in direct contact with the current collector is 0.5 mm.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the solid insulating particles were lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] The battery is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the width W2 of the second region 22 in direct contact with the current collector is 0.5 mm.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] The battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in step 1, solid insulating particles of alumina were used to prepare the insulating particle slurry.

[0054] Performance testing

[0055] 1. Battery capacity test

[0056] At 25°C, the batteries prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 were charged at a 1C current to 4.2V and then charged at a constant voltage until the current was less than 0.05C; the batteries were then discharged at a 1C current to 2.7 to obtain the initial capacity of the batteries.

[0057] 2. Battery self-discharge test

[0058] At 25°C, the batteries prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 were charged at a current of 1C to 4.2V, then charged at a constant voltage until the current was less than 0.05C. The batteries were left to stand for 48 hours, and the open-circuit voltage of the batteries was tested.

[0059] 3. Battery high-temperature safety test

[0060] At 25°C, 15 batteries each from Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 were charged at 1C current to 4.2V, then switched to constant voltage charging until the current was less than 0.05C. The batteries were placed in an environment of 150°C for 1 hour, and the changes in the appearance of the batteries were observed.

[0061] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] The results in the table show that the battery capacities of the examples are all higher than those of the comparative batteries. This indicates that the ion conduction effect of the solid electrolyte coating enables the covered active material to perform its charge and discharge functions, while the alumina coating, lacking lithium-ion conduction, prevents the covered active material from performing effectively, resulting in lower capacity. The open-circuit voltages of the batteries from the examples and the comparative batteries after being fully charged and left to rest are not significantly different, indicating that extending the insulation layer width by 0.5 mm towards the edge thinning area is sufficient to meet the battery's insulation performance. Reducing the extension width can increase the battery capacity. The coating of the insulation layer can improve the battery's safety performance.

[0065] During application, the width of the insulating layer and the active material layer can be designed according to safety or capacity requirements. Scenario 1: The insulating layer is designed to extend into and cover the existing positive electrode active material layer, increasing the upper surface area of ​​the insulating layer and improving the battery's insulation capability. Scenario 2: The positive electrode active material layer is designed to extend into the insulating layer, reducing the width W3 of direct contact between the insulating layer and the current collector, and increasing the width W2 of direct contact between the positive electrode active material layer and the current collector, thereby increasing the battery's energy density.

[0066] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery electrode, the battery electrode comprising a current collector, an active material layer and an insulating layer disposed on the current collector, wherein an area on the current collector without the active material layer and the insulating layer is a blank foil area, the active material layer is disposed on at least one surface of the current collector, the insulating layer is disposed adjacent to the active material layer, the insulating layer is located between the active material layer and the blank foil area, the insulating layer comprises solid insulating particles having lithium-ion conduction function; the insulating layer is disposed adjacent to the active material layer and a portion of the active material layer is partially covered by the insulating layer; the solid insulating particles comprise lithium titanium oxide, lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide, lithium titanium aluminum phosphate, etc. The active material layer comprises one or more of lithium aluminum chloride, lithium zirconium chloride, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, Li2S-P2S5, lithium germanium phosphorus sulfide, and lithium tin phosphorus sulfide; the active material layer comprises a first region and a second region, the first region being disposed on the side away from the insulating layer, the second region being disposed on the side close to the insulating layer, the second region being adjacent to the insulating layer and partially covered by the insulating layer; the thickness of the first region is H1, the minimum thickness of the second region is H2, and the relationship between the thickness of the first region H1 and the minimum thickness of the second region H2 is: 0≤H2 / H1≤1; the thickness of the insulating layer is H3, H2≤H3 and (H3-H1)≤15μm.

2. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ionic conductivity of the solid insulating particles is greater than or equal to 10. -4 S / cm.

3. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer also includes an adhesive, and the weight ratio of the solid insulating particles to the adhesive is (60%-90%):(10%-40%).

4. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The projection of the second region onto the plane formed by the thickness and width directions of the current collector is a rectangle, a triangle, or a trapezoid.

5. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The range of H1 is 30-120 μm, and the range of H2 is 0-120 μm.

6. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the second region in direct contact with the current collector is W2, and the width of the insulating layer in direct contact with the current collector is W3. The relationship between W2 and W3 is: W2 / W3≤0.

5.

7. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the second region in direct contact with the current collector is W2, and the width of the insulating layer in direct contact with the current collector is W3. The range of W2 is 0.5-1 mm, and the range of W3 is 0.5-5 mm.

8. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer also includes an extended region, where H1 < H3, and the portion of the insulating layer where H3 is greater than H1 is the extended region.

9. The battery electrode as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The extended region partially covers the first region.

10. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the upper surface of the insulating layer is W31, the width of the insulating layer in direct contact with the current collector is W3, the width of the first region in direct contact with the current collector is W1, the width of the second region in direct contact with the current collector is W2, and 0 ≤ (W31-W3) ≤ 2% (W1+W2).

11. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second region has a contact surface with the insulating layer, and the contact surface has an angle β with the thickness direction of the current collector, wherein the angle β is greater than 0° and less than 90°.

12. The battery electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The active material layer contains a positive electrode active material; the positive electrode active material includes one or more of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide.

13. A battery comprising battery electrodes as described in any one of claims 1-12.

14. An electric vehicle comprising the battery as claimed in claim 13.

15. An energy storage device comprising the battery as claimed in claim 13.

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