A covering structure, a bogie assembly, and a rail vehicle

Abstract

This application discloses a covering structure, a bogie assembly, and a rail vehicle. The covering structure includes a base plate for covering the bottom of the bogie. The base plate has an opening for avoiding the wheels of the rail vehicle. The covering structure of this application can cover the bottom of the bogie. When airflow passes over the bottom of the bogie, it does not enter the complex internal components of the bogie but flows directly through the bottom surface of the base plate, thereby reducing aerodynamic drag in the bogie area. Furthermore, the opening for avoiding the wheels in the base plate, due to the fixed structure of the covering structure and the bogie, has minimal relative movement with the wheels. Therefore, the opening occupies less space, reducing the drag caused by airflow entering the bogie through the opening, and does not affect the effect of the covering structure in reducing running resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, specifically to a covering structure, a bogie assembly, and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed trains include bogies located beneath the car body. The bogie structure is relatively complex, comprising a frame that, in addition to housing the wheels and brake discs, also houses multiple components such as suspension, anti-hunting dampers, and anti-roll torsion bars. During operation, airflow encounters significant aerodynamic drag as it passes through the bogie area, affecting the vehicle's energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a covering structure, the covering structure including a base plate for covering the bottom of the bogie, the base plate having an opening for avoiding the wheels of the rail vehicle.

[0004] In one specific embodiment, the opening is a notch provided at the end of the base plate; and / or, the edge of the opening is provided with an upwardly extending guard plate.

[0005] In one specific embodiment, the base plate is provided with a recess for avoiding the brake disc of the bogie, the wall of the recess protrudes downward relative to the bottom surface of the base plate, and the outer surface of the recess is streamlined.

[0006] In one specific embodiment, the outer surface of the recess is conical or teardrop-shaped.

[0007] In one specific embodiment, both sides of the base plate extend upward to form side flanges, and / or the end edges of the base plate extend upward to form end flanges.

[0008] In one specific embodiment, the system further includes a mounting arm, which includes a first connecting seat and a second connecting seat. The first connecting seat is connected to the base plate, and the second connecting seat is connected to the end of the bogie side beam.

[0009] In one specific embodiment, the mounting arm is equipped with a sand-spreading device and / or an obstacle-removing device.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the mounting arm is disposed at the opening, the side edge of the opening is provided with an upwardly extending side flange, and the first connecting seat includes a U-shaped plate, the U-shaped plate being engaged with the side flange and fixed to the side flange.

[0011] In one specific embodiment, the covering structure further includes a support frame, which is fixed to the base plate and used to connect with the bogie frame.

[0012] This application also provides a bogie assembly, including a bogie and a covering structure covering the bottom of the bogie, wherein the covering structure is any of the covering structures described above.

[0013] This application also provides a rail vehicle including the bogie assembly described in any of the above claims.

[0014] The covering structure in this application can cover the bottom of the bogie. When airflow passes over the bottom of the bogie, it will not enter the complex internal components of the bogie, but will flow directly through the bottom surface of the floor plate. This reduces the aerodynamic drag on the bogie area and lowers vehicle operating energy consumption. Furthermore, an opening for wheel avoidance is provided in the floor plate. Since the covering structure and the bogie frame are fixed, their relative movement with the wheels is minimal. Therefore, the opening occupies less space, reducing the drag caused by airflow entering the bogie through the opening, and does not affect the effect of the covering structure in reducing operating drag. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the covering structure covering the bottom of the bogie in an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram from another perspective;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the encapsulation structure in the image;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A diagram from another perspective;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the mounting arm;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the supporting skeleton.

[0021] Figure 1-6 The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0022] 100-Encapsulation structure;

[0023] 1-Base plate; 11-Recess; 12-Side flange; 13-End flange; 14-Guard plate; 1a-Opening;

[0024] 2-Mounting arm; 21-First connecting seat; 22-Second connecting seat; 221-Connecting plate; 222-Bolt;

[0025] 3-Sand spreading device;

[0026] 4-Supporting frame; 41-Frame crossbeam; 42-Frame longitudinal beam; 43-Longitudinal beam; 44-End crossbeam;

[0027] 45-Support base;

[0028] 5-Troubleshooting device;

[0029] 200-Bogie;

[0030] 21-Side beam; 22-Brake disc; 23-Wheel; 24-Anti-hunting shock absorber. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1-4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the covering structure 100 covering the bottom of the bogie 200 in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the covering structure 100 in the diagram; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A diagram from another perspective.

[0033] In this embodiment, the covering structure 100 is used to cover the bottom of the bogie 200. The covering structure 100 includes a base plate 1, which is either an integral plate structure or formed by splicing multiple plate structures. Figure 2 The base plate 1 shown comprises multiple plate structures, which are bolted together to form a single plate structure, or multiple plate structures can be welded together. Furthermore, the base plate 1 has an opening 1a. In this embodiment, the two ends of the base plate 1 are defined as distributed along the front-rear direction, and the two sides of the base plate 1 are the left and right sides. Front, rear, left, and right can be understood based on the bogie 200. After the bogie 200 is installed on the rail vehicle, its front-rear direction is the length direction of the rail vehicle, and its left-right direction is the width direction.

[0034] In this embodiment, each end of the base plate 1 has an opening 1a. One opening 1a is provided on the left and right sides of each end. The openings 1a are used to avoid the wheels 23 of the rail vehicle. Thus, the four openings 1a are used to avoid the four wheels 23 on the bogie 200. At this time, both the inner and outer sides of the wheels 23 are covered by the base plate 1, with the inner side closer to the left and right wheels 23, and the outer side further away. With this arrangement, the entire bottom of the bogie 200 is covered by the base plate 1. Here, "covered" refers to the projection of the bottom of the bogie 200 from top to bottom within the projection plane of the base plate 1. Figure 1As can be seen, the projection of most of the structure of the bogie 200 is located on the projection plane of the base plate 1, and the anti-snake-like shock absorbers 24 on both sides are slightly wider than the base plate 1.

[0035] With this configuration, the airflow, when passing over the bottom of the bogie 200, will not enter the complex internal components of the bogie 200, but will flow directly through the bottom surface of the base plate 1, thereby reducing the aerodynamic drag on the bogie 200 area. Furthermore, an opening 1a for avoiding the wheel 23 is provided in the base plate 1. Since the frame of the covering structure 100 and the bogie 200 is fixed, their relative movement with the wheel 23 is minimal. Therefore, the opening 1a, as a location for avoiding the wheel 23, occupies less space, reducing the drag caused by airflow entering the bogie 200 from the opening 1a, and not affecting the effect of the covering structure 100 in reducing running resistance. Of course, when setting the opening 1a, its dimensions in the front-to-back and left-to-right directions should be as small as possible, only needing to maintain a necessary gap with the wheel 23, that is, satisfying the need to avoid the wheel 23 and not interfere with its operation, so as to minimize the airflow flowing into the interior of the bogie 200 from the gap between the opening 1a and the wheel 23.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the opening 1a is a notch provided at the end of the base plate 1. That is, the opening 1a not only penetrates the base plate 1 vertically, but also the opening 1a at the front end penetrates forward to the front end of the base plate 1, and the opening 1a at the rear end penetrates backward to the rear end of the base plate 1. Figure 2 As can be seen, the opening 1a is roughly a U-shaped notch. This facilitates the installation of the wheel 23 and also makes it easier to machine the opening 1a into the base plate 1. It can be seen that the opening 1a is not limited to a notch; for example, it could be a through groove structure that simply runs through the top and bottom of the base plate 1.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the edge of the opening 1a of the base plate 1 is provided with an upwardly extending guard plate 14. The guard plate 14 is arranged around the opening 1a, thus covering part of the wheel 23. During operation, when debris, rain, snow, mud, etc., from the track enter the bogie 200 through the opening 1a, the guard plate 14 can provide some protection. The extension dimension of the guard plate 14 is not limited. Figure 2 , 3 The central opening 1a is a notch, and the side edges and end edges of the opening 1a extend upward. The end edge faces the wheel surface of the wheel 23, and the end edge guard plate 14 is longer. Because it faces the wheel surface, it is more likely to encounter debris due to running inertia, so it can be set higher.

[0038] In addition, apart from the wheels 23, the bottom of the brake disc 22 on the bogie 200 is in a lower position. At this time, as... Figure 2As shown, the base plate 1 of the covering structure 100 has a recess 11. The recess 11 is used to avoid the brake disc 22 of the bogie 200. From a top-down perspective, the recess 11 is concave, and the cavity formed by the concave recess 11 can be used to avoid the brake disc 22. However, from a bottom-up perspective, the wall of the recess 11 protrudes downward relative to the bottom surface of the base plate 1. This protruding part increases air resistance relative to the flat bottom surface of the base plate 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the outer surface of the recess 11 is designed to be streamlined. The outer surface of the recess 11 mentioned here is the bottom surface of the recess 11, and the inner surface is the cavity wall of the recess 11, which is the upper surface of the recess 11. The streamlined design of the outer surface of the recess 11 can reduce the increase in air resistance caused by the recess 11 protruding relative to the bottom surface of the base plate 1. Moreover, the setting of the recess 11 is equivalent to the reinforcing rib of the base plate 1, which improves the structural strength of the base plate 1.

[0039] With this configuration, the bottom plate 1 of the covering structure 100 can be as close as possible to the bottom of the bogie 200 without increasing the flow resistance of the bottom plate 1. That is, the height of the bottom plate 1 can be set to be relatively high and as far from the ground as possible. It does not need to be lower than the brake disc 22 as a whole, nor should it be too low and restricted by the lower limit. In this way, the two ends of the bottom plate 1 can also be as close as possible to the bogie 200, thereby reducing the airflow entering from the ends and further reducing the flow resistance.

[0040] A streamlined structure is a structural shape in which airflow is not significantly separated at the surface. A streamlined structure experiences less airflow resistance when moving relative to the airflow. Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer surface of the recess 11 of the base plate 1 can be configured as follows: Figure 1 , 3 The spindle shape shown is characterized by being small at both ends and large in the middle. The two ends are pointed, gradually increasing in size towards the center, with a gently curving surface extending to the middle. This allows airflow to flow backward along the curved surface from the pointed end when passing through the concave portion 11, resulting in minimal flow resistance. Of course, streamlined structures are diverse and not limited to a spindle shape. For example, it could also be teardrop-shaped, except that a teardrop shape only has a pointed end and can only achieve drag reduction in unidirectional motion.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the left and right edges of the base plate 1 extend upward to form side flanges 12, and / or the end edges of the base plate 1 extend upward to form end flanges 13. The side flanges 12 of the base plate 1 can also partially cover the side of the bogie 200, or at least cover the gap between the side of the bogie 200 and the side of the base plate 1, to prevent airflow or other debris from entering the interior of the bogie 200. The end flanges 13 at the end prevent airflow from entering the interior of the bogie 200 through the gap at the end. As mentioned before, since the recess 11 is provided to avoid the brake disc 22, the base plate 1 can be as close as possible to the bogie 200. Therefore, the height of the end flanges 13 at the end can be designed to be smaller, thereby reducing the resistance when the airflow reaches the end.

[0042] Continue to refer to Figure 2-4 The end of the base plate 1 can be arc-shaped, which helps to reduce flow resistance at the end, and the covering structure 100 is less likely to interfere with other components when it swings and deflects with the bogie 200. Additionally, as... Figure 2 As shown, the base plate in this embodiment includes end plates and multiple middle plates. The end plates have arc-shaped ends and openings 1a, forming an irregular structure. The middle plates can be rectangular plates or... Figure 2 As shown, the three rectangular plates distributed along the width direction do not require structural changes to the end plates at both ends when the length of the bogie 200 changes. Only the number of the middle plates needs to be adjusted, thus achieving modular assembly.

[0043] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 5 understand, Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of mounting arm 2 in the middle.

[0044] The covering structure 100 in this embodiment further includes a mounting arm 2, which includes a first connecting seat 21 and a second connecting seat 22. The first connecting seat 21 of the mounting arm 2 is connected to the end of the base plate 1. Figure 3 As shown, each end of the base plate 1 is provided with two mounting arms 2, which are respectively located on both sides of each end of the base plate 1. In this embodiment, the first connecting seat 22 is specifically a U-shaped plate structure with the opening facing downward. When installed on the covering structure 100, it can be snapped onto the protective plate 114 extending from the side edge of the opening 1a of the base plate 1. The protective plate 114 at this position can be thickened. The first connecting seat 22 can be further fastened at this position by bolts or other fasteners, or it can be welded.

[0045] The bogie 200 frame includes side beams 21 located on the left and right sides. A hollow spring is installed in the middle of each side beam 21, and mounting holes are generally provided at the bottom of each end of the side beam 21 for mounting the primary suspension. In this embodiment, the second connecting seat 22 abuts against the end 211 of the side beam 21 of the bogie 200. Figure 5 In the middle, the upper end of the second connecting seat 22 is provided with a connecting plate 221 facing the end 211 of the side beam 21, and is provided with a connecting hole, which can be fixed by connecting bolts 222 and connecting plate 211 of the end 211 of the side beam 21. This arrangement makes full use of the position of the end 211 of the side beam 21 to complete the connection between the bogie 200 and the covering structure 100, which is easy to install and helps to ensure the connection strength.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the mounting arm 2 is equipped with a sand-spreading device 3 and / or a barrier-removing device 5. The mounting arm 2 is positioned at the opening 11a. Installing the sand-spreading device 3 at this location facilitates sand spreading on the rail surface. The barrier-removing device 5 can be… Figure 5 The obstacle removal plate shown, i.e. the mounting arm 2, can also provide a mounting position for the obstacle removal device 5 or the sand spreading device 3, making the structural installation more convenient and avoiding interference of the covering structure 100 with the installation of the sand spreading device 3 and the obstacle removal device 5.

[0047] Please see again Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the supporting frame 4.

[0048] The covering structure 100 in this embodiment also includes a support frame 4. The support frame 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 1 and is used to connect with the bogie 200 frame. The support frame 4 can improve the strength of the base plate 1 and the reliability of the connection with the bogie 200. Specifically, as follows... Figure 6 As shown, the support frame 4 includes a central frame, which comprises two frame crossbeams 41 and two frame longitudinal beams 42. The two side frame longitudinal beams 42 of the central frame are respectively connected to curved beams 46. The curved beams 46 extend laterally and then upward to connect with the bogie 200 frame. The frame crossbeams 41 at both ends of the central frame are respectively connected to an end crossbeam 44 via two longitudinal beams 43. The end crossbeams 44 and the end of the base plate 1 located between the two openings 11a have matching shapes, being approximately arc-shaped. The two longitudinal beams 43 are located between the two recesses 11. Both frame crossbeams 41 of the central frame are provided with upwardly extending support seats 45 for connecting with the bogie 200 frame. With this configuration, the support frame 4 can better support and connect the base plate 1 and the bogie 200, improving structural stability.

[0049] Furthermore, the base plate 1 of the covering structure 100 provided in the above embodiments can be made of composite materials, such as carbon fiber composite materials, fiberglass composite materials, aramid fiber composite materials, or a combination of one or more of the above materials, which has advantages such as high strength and light weight. When the base plate 1 is made of carbon fiber composite material, the above-mentioned mounting arm 2, support frame 4 and the multiple plate structures of the base plate 1 can be connected and fixed by fasteners such as bolts when splicing.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a bogie assembly, including a bogie 200 and a covering structure 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, covering the bottom of the bogie 200; this embodiment also provides a rail vehicle, including the above-described bogie assembly. Both the bogie assembly and the rail vehicle have the same technical effects as the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0051] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A covering structure, characterized in that, The covering structure includes a base plate for covering the bottom of the bogie. The base plate has an opening for avoiding the wheels of the rail vehicle. The base plate also has a recess for avoiding the brake disc of the bogie. The wall of the recess protrudes downward relative to the bottom surface of the base plate, and the outer surface of the recess is streamlined. The two ends of the outer surface of the recess are pointed, and the curved surface gradually increases in size towards the middle. Alternatively, one end of the outer surface of the recess is pointed.

2. The covering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening is a notch provided at the end of the base plate; and / or, the edge of the opening is provided with an upwardly extending guard plate.

3. The covering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the recess is spindle-shaped or teardrop-shaped.

4. The covering structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the base plate extend upward to form side flanges, and / or the ends of the base plate extend upward to form end flanges.

5. The covering structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting arm, which includes a first connecting seat and a second connecting seat. The first connecting seat is connected to the base plate, and the second connecting seat is connected to the end of the bogie side beam.

6. The covering structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting arm is equipped with a sand spreading device and / or an obstacle removal device.

7. The covering structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting arm is positioned at the opening, and the side edge of the opening is provided with an upwardly extending side flange. The first connecting seat includes a U-shaped plate, which is engaged with and fixed to the side flange.

8. The covering structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The covering structure also includes a support frame, which is fixed to the base plate and used to connect with the bogie frame.

9. A bogie assembly, characterized in that, It includes a bogie and a covering structure covering the bottom of the bogie, wherein the covering structure is the covering structure according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the bogie assembly as described in claim 9.

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