High-temperature tunnel environment intelligent remote monitoring system and heat dissipation amount testing method

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent remote monitoring system and a heat dissipation testing method for high-temperature tunnel environments. The monitoring system includes: a data acquisition module for collecting data at first measurement points 1, 2, ... i The air temperature and wall temperature, and the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j Wind speed; Storage module: used to store the first measurement points 1, 2, ... i The air temperature and wall temperature, and the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j Wind speed; Transmission module: used to send the information collected by the data acquisition module to the storage module; Calculation module: used to calculate the average heat dissipation of the surrounding rock section based on the information in the storage module. Q SR Average heat dissipation of the initial support section Q IS and the average heat dissipation of the secondary lining section Q SL This system can accurately measure and control the air temperature inside the tunnel, the wall temperature of the corresponding section, and the return air velocity inside the tunnel. This facilitates the effective acquisition of the actual heat dissipation of each section of the tunnel under construction, enabling more precise and detailed monitoring of the tunnel under construction and ensuring the construction safety of the high-temperature tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel temperature monitoring technology, and in particular to an intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments and a method for testing heat dissipation. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number of high-temperature tunnels under construction, their construction can adversely affect workers and machinery, causing delays in construction progress. Workers exposed to prolonged high temperatures may experience heatstroke, dehydration, nausea, and in severe cases, even fainting. High temperatures reduce the efficiency of construction machinery, affecting its performance and lifespan; in extreme cases, the temperature may exceed the machinery's limits, leading to damage.

[0003] High temperatures pose significant adverse effects on tunnel construction, impacting worker health and machinery performance. Therefore, effective cooling of high-temperature tunnels is essential. However, current tunnel ambient temperatures during construction are derived theoretically through simulations, and the placement of heat dissipation devices and cooling control are based on these simulations. This approach fails to accurately reflect the actual conditions inside the tunnel and cannot guarantee effective cooling for high-temperature tunnels under construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies where the ambient temperature inside tunnels under construction is derived theoretically, which cannot truly reflect the actual temperature conditions inside high-temperature tunnels and makes it difficult to guarantee the actual cooling effect of high-temperature tunnels. This invention provides an intelligent remote monitoring system for the environment of high-temperature tunnels and a method for testing heat dissipation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for testing heat dissipation in a high-temperature tunnel environment, comprising:

[0007] The air temperature and wall temperature at the first measuring points 1, 2, ... i are received respectively, as are the wind speeds at the second measuring points 1, 2, ... j. The first and second measuring points are distributed at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. When the first measuring point is located in the surrounding rock section, the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the surrounding rock. When the first measuring point is located in the initial support section, the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the initial support. When the first measuring point is located in the secondary lining section, the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the secondary lining.

[0008] Based on the above measured data, the average heat dissipation Q of the surrounding rock section was calculated respectively. SR Average heat dissipation Q of the initial support section IS and the average heat dissipation Q of the secondary lining section SL ,in, K τSRThe convective heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding rock (W / (m²)) 2 ·℃)), K τSR,n This represents the convective heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding rock between the first measurement points i and i-1 (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃), L SR The length of the surrounding rock section is represented by , and U represents the tunnel cross-sectional perimeter (m). This represents the average wall temperature (°C) of the surrounding rock section. This indicates the average air temperature (°C) of the surrounding rock section. K τIS Indicates the convective heat transfer coefficient of the primary branch (W / (m²)). 2 ·°C)), K τIS,n The initial branch convective heat transfer coefficient (W / (m²)) between the first measurement points i and i-1 is represented. 2 ·℃), L IS Indicates the length of the initial support segment. This represents the average wall temperature (°C) of the initial support section. This indicates the average air temperature (°C) of the initial support section. K τSL This indicates the convective heat transfer coefficient of the secondary lining (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃)), K τSL,n The convective heat transfer coefficient of the secondary lining between the first measurement points i and i-1 (W / (m²)) 2 ·℃), L SL Indicates the length of the secondary lining section. This indicates the average wall temperature (°C) of the secondary lining section. This indicates the average air temperature (°C) of the secondary lining section.

[0009] The heat dissipation testing method for high-temperature tunnel environments described in this invention addresses the issue that tunnels under construction will form surrounding rock sections, initial support sections, and secondary lining sections in stages during construction. By measuring the air temperature inside the tunnel, the wall temperature of the corresponding sections, and the return air velocity inside the tunnel, the heat dissipation can be calculated using these three indicators. This effectively obtains the true heat dissipation of each section within the tunnel under construction, facilitating targeted and effective cooling of various locations within the tunnel. It also allows for the adoption of targeted cooling measures for different locations, ensuring cooling effectiveness, protecting the health of construction personnel and the performance of machinery, ensuring orderly tunnel excavation, guaranteeing the construction period, and promoting environmental protection and energy conservation.

[0010] Preferred,

[0011]

[0012] Where L represents the distance between the first measurement points i and i-1, c is the specific heat capacity of air (J / (kg·℃)), m is the mass of air (kg), calculated according to m=vAρ, v is the average wind speed inside the tunnel (m / s), obtained by averaging the wind speeds at the second measurement points 1,2…j, and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel (m²). 2 ); ρ is the density of air (kg / m³) 3 ), t wSR,i The temperature (°C) of the wall at the first measuring point i in the surrounding rock section is represented by t. fSR,i t represents the air temperature (°C) at the first measurement point i in the surrounding rock section. wIS,i t represents the wall temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i of the initial support segment. fIS,i t represents the air temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i of the initial support segment. wSL,i t represents the wall temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i of the secondary lining section. fSL,i The air temperature (°C) at the first measurement point i of the secondary lining section is indicated.

[0013] A smart remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments, employing any of the heat dissipation testing methods described above, includes:

[0014] Data acquisition module: used to collect air temperature and wall temperature at the first measurement points 1, 2, ... i, and wind speed at the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j;

[0015] Storage module: used to store the air temperature and wall temperature at the first measurement points 1, 2, ... i, and the wind speed at the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j;

[0016] Sending module: Used to send the information collected by the data acquisition module to the storage module;

[0017] Calculation module: Used to calculate the average heat dissipation Q of the surrounding rock section based on the information in the storage module. SR Average heat dissipation Q of the initial support section IS and the average heat dissipation Q of the secondary lining section SL .

[0018] The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments described in this invention can accurately measure and control the air temperature inside the tunnel, the wall temperature of the corresponding section, and the return air velocity inside the tunnel. This facilitates the effective acquisition of the actual heat dissipation of each section in the tunnel under construction, enabling more precise and detailed monitoring of the tunnel under construction, ensuring the construction safety of the high-temperature tunnel, and saving costs and reducing the number of testing personnel.

[0019] Preferably, the data acquisition module includes a plurality of first temperature sensors, a plurality of wind speed sensors, and a plurality of second temperature sensors. The first temperature sensors are used to acquire the air temperature inside the tunnel, the wind speed sensors are used to acquire the wind speed inside the tunnel, and the second temperature sensors are used to acquire the wall temperature inside the tunnel. The first temperature sensors and the second temperature sensors are configured accordingly.

[0020] More preferably, when the second temperature sensor is located in the surrounding rock section, the corresponding second temperature sensor is installed in the surrounding rock; when the second temperature sensor is located in the initial support section, the corresponding second temperature sensor is installed in the initial support layer; when the second temperature sensor is located in the secondary lining section, the corresponding second temperature sensor is installed on the reinforcing steel or steel arch frame of the secondary lining.

[0021] Preferably, the storage module is a cloud platform.

[0022] Preferably, the transmitting module includes an indoor base station and an outdoor base station.

[0023] In a further preferred embodiment, the data acquisition module transmits data to the base station inside the cave via a wired connection, and the base station inside the cave transmits data to the base station outside the cave via a wireless connection.

[0024] In a further preferred embodiment, the base station inside the cave transmits signals to the base station outside the cave via LoRa signals.

[0025] In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The heat dissipation testing method for high-temperature tunnel environments described in this invention uses the measured air temperature inside the tunnel, the wall temperature of the corresponding section, and the return air velocity inside the tunnel to calculate the heat dissipation. This effectively obtains the true heat dissipation of each section inside the tunnel under construction, which is beneficial for targeted and effective cooling of various parts of the tunnel under construction. It also facilitates the adoption of targeted cooling measures for different locations, ensuring the cooling effect, protecting the health of construction personnel and the mechanical performance, and promoting environmental protection and energy conservation.

[0027] 2. The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environment described in this invention can accurately measure and control the air temperature inside the tunnel, the wall temperature of the corresponding section, and the return air velocity inside the tunnel. This facilitates the effective acquisition of the actual heat dissipation of each section in the tunnel under construction, enabling more precise and detailed monitoring of the tunnel under construction and ensuring the construction safety of the high-temperature tunnel. Attached image description:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments according to the present invention.

[0029] The markings in the diagram are: 11-surrounding rock section, 12-initial support section, 13-secondary lining section, 21-first temperature sensor, 22-wind speed sensor, 23-second temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A method for testing heat dissipation in a high-temperature tunnel environment, comprising:

[0033] The air temperature and wall temperature at the first measuring points 1, 2, ... i are received respectively, and the wind speed at the second measuring points 1, 2, ... j is received. The first and second measuring points are distributed at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the construction tunnel. When the first measuring point is located in the surrounding rock section 11, the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the surrounding rock. When the first measuring point is located in the initial support section 12, the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the initial support. When the first measuring point is located in the secondary lining section 13, the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the secondary lining.

[0034] Based on the above measured data, the average heat dissipation Q of the surrounding rock section was calculated respectively. SR Average heat dissipation Q of the initial support section IS and the average heat dissipation Q of the secondary lining section SL ,

[0035] K τSR The convective heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding rock (W / m) 2 ·℃), K τSR,n The convective heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding rock between the first measurement points i and i-1 (W / m²) 2 ·℃), L SR U represents the length of the surrounding rock section 11, and U represents the tunnel cross-sectional perimeter (m). This represents the average wall temperature (°C) of the surrounding rock section 11. This indicates the average air temperature (°C) of the surrounding rock section 11. Where L represents the distance between the first measurement points i and i-1, c is the specific heat capacity of air (J / kg·℃), m is the mass of air (kg), calculated according to m=vAρ, v is the average wind speed inside the tunnel (m / s), obtained by averaging the wind speeds at the second measurement points 1, 2…j, and A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel (m²). 2 ); ρ is the density of air (kg / m³) 3 ), t wSR,iThe temperature (°C) of the wall at the first measuring point i in the surrounding rock section 11 is represented by t. fSR,i The air temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i in the surrounding rock section 11 is indicated.

[0036] K τIS Indicates the convective heat transfer coefficient of the primary branch (W / m). 2 ·℃), K τIS,n The initial branch convective heat transfer coefficient (W / m) between the first measurement points i and i-1 2 ·℃), L IS This indicates the length of the initial support segment 12. This represents the average wall temperature (°C) of the initial support section 12. This represents the average air temperature (°C) of the initial support section 12. t wIS,i The wall temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i of the initial support segment 12 is represented by t. fIS,i The air temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i of the initial support segment 12 is indicated.

[0037] K τSL This represents the convective heat transfer coefficient of the secondary lining (W / m). 2 ·℃), K τSL,n The convective heat transfer coefficient (W / m) between the first measurement points i and i-1 is represented by the secondary lining. 2 ·℃), L SL This indicates the length of the second lining section 13. This represents the average wall temperature (°C) of the secondary lining section 13. This indicates the average air temperature (°C) of the secondary lining section 13. t wSL,i The wall temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i of the secondary lining section 13 is represented by t. fSL,i The air temperature (°C) at the first measuring point i of the secondary lining section 13 is indicated.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The present invention provides an intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a heat dissipation testing method for a high-temperature tunnel environment, as described in Example 1, includes:

[0040] Data acquisition module: used to collect air temperature and wall temperature at the first measurement points 1, 2, ... i, and wind speed at the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j;

[0041] Storage module: used to store the air temperature and wall temperature at the first measurement points 1, 2, ... i, and the wind speed at the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j;

[0042] Sending module: Used to send the information collected by the data acquisition module to the storage module;

[0043] Calculation module: Used to calculate the average heat dissipation Q of the surrounding rock section 11 based on the information in the storage module. SR The average heat dissipation Q of the initial support section 12 IS And the average heat dissipation Q of the secondary lining section 13 SL .

[0044] Specifically, the data acquisition module includes several first temperature sensors 21, several wind speed sensors 22, and several second temperature sensors 23. The specific number and spacing of the first temperature sensors 21, wind speed sensors 22, and second temperature sensors 23 are set according to actual needs. When the second temperature sensor 23 is located in the surrounding rock section 11, the corresponding second temperature sensor 23 is installed in the surrounding rock; when the second temperature sensor 23 is located in the initial support section 12, the corresponding second temperature sensor 23 is installed in the initial support layer; when the second temperature sensor 23 is located in the secondary lining section 13, the corresponding second temperature sensor 23 is installed on the reinforcing steel or steel arch frame of the secondary lining. The first temperature sensors 21 are used to obtain the air temperature inside the tunnel, the wind speed sensors 22 are used to obtain the wind speed inside the tunnel, and the second temperature sensors 23 are used to obtain the wall temperature inside the tunnel. The first temperature sensors 21 and the second temperature sensors 23 are correspondingly set, that is, located at the same cross section, but do not need to be strictly arranged vertically. Figure 1 For illustrative purposes only, the wind speed sensor 22 does not limit the corresponding temperature sensor settings. Its position, number, and spacing can be arranged according to the actual situation. In actual calculations, the average wind speed of the surrounding rock section 11, the initial support section 12, and the secondary lining section 13 can also be calculated separately to calculate the air mass m of the corresponding section.

[0045] The storage module, transmission module, and computing module are not shown in the diagram. The storage module can be a cloud platform. The transmission module includes an indoor base station and an outdoor base station. The data acquisition module transmits data to the indoor base station via a communication cable. The indoor base station transmits data to the outdoor base station wirelessly, such as using LoRa signals. The outdoor base station can use 4G signals to transmit data to the cloud platform.

[0046] Based on the actual heat dissipation of each section, it is easy to select cooling measures with different efficiencies, such as increasing air volume, adding ice blocks for cooling, spray cooling, and refrigeration unit cooling, which are environmentally friendly and energy-saving, thereby effectively reducing the ambient temperature inside the tunnel to within the standard control value of 28℃.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing heat dissipation in a high-temperature tunnel environment, characterized in that, Include: Receive the first measurement points 1, 2, ... respectively i The air temperature and wall temperature, and the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j The wind speed, the first measurement point and the second measurement point are distributed at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the construction tunnel. When the first measurement point is located in the surrounding rock section (11), the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the surrounding rock. When the first measurement point is located in the initial support section (12), the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the initial support. When the first measurement point is located in the secondary lining section (13), the corresponding wall temperature is the wall temperature of the secondary lining. Calculate the average heat dissipation of the surrounding rock section based on the above measured data. Q SR Average heat dissipation of the initial support section Q IS and the average heat dissipation of the secondary lining section Q SL ,in, , K τSR Indicates the convective heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding rock. , K τSR,n Indicates the first measurement point i and i The convective heat transfer coefficient of the surrounding rock between -1 L SR Indicates the length of the surrounding rock section (11), U Indicates the perimeter of the tunnel cross section. This represents the average wall temperature of the surrounding rock section (11). This represents the average air temperature of the surrounding rock section (11). ; K τIS Indicates the convective heat transfer coefficient of the primary branch. , K τIS,n Indicates the first measurement point i and i The initial branch convective heat transfer coefficient is between -1 and 1. L IS Indicates the length of the initial support segment (12), This represents the average wall temperature of the initial support section (12). This represents the average air temperature of the initial support segment (12). ; K τSL This represents the convective heat transfer coefficient of the secondary lining. , K τSL,n Indicates the first measurement point i and i The convective heat transfer coefficient of the secondary lining is between -1 and 1. L SL This indicates the length of the second lining section (13). This represents the average wall temperature of the secondary lining section (13). This indicates the average air temperature of the secondary lining section (13). , ， ,in L Indicates the first measurement point i and i The distance between -1, c The specific heat capacity of air. m For air quality, according to calculate, v It is the average wind speed inside the tunnel, based on the second measurement points 1, 2… j The wind speed was obtained by taking the average value. A It is the cross-sectional area of ​​the tunnel; ρ It is the density of air. t wSR,i The first measurement point of the surrounding rock section (11) i The wall temperature, t fSR,i The first measurement point of the surrounding rock section (11) i air temperature, t wIS,i Indicates the first measurement point of the initial support segment (12). i The wall temperature, t fIS,i Indicates the first measurement point of the initial support segment (12). i air temperature, t wSL,i Indicates the first measurement point of the secondary lining section (13). i The wall temperature, t fSL,i Indicates the first measurement point of the secondary lining section (13). i The air temperature.

2. A smart remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments, characterized in that, The heat dissipation testing method for a high-temperature tunnel environment as described in claim 1 includes: Data acquisition module: used to acquire data at the first measurement points 1, 2, ... i The air temperature and wall temperature, and the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j wind speed; Storage module: Used to store the first measurement points 1, 2, ... i The air temperature and wall temperature, and the second measurement points 1, 2, ... j wind speed; Sending module: Used to send the information collected by the data acquisition module to the storage module; Calculation module: Used to calculate the average heat dissipation of the surrounding rock section based on the information in the storage module. Q SR Average heat dissipation of the initial support section Q IS and the average heat dissipation of the secondary lining section Q SL .

3. The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data acquisition module includes several first temperature sensors (21), several wind speed sensors (22) and several second temperature sensors (23). The first temperature sensors (21) are used to acquire the air temperature inside the tunnel, the wind speed sensors (22) are used to acquire the wind speed inside the tunnel, and the second temperature sensors (23) are used to acquire the wall temperature inside the tunnel. The first temperature sensors (21) and the second temperature sensors (23) are set accordingly.

4. The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the second temperature sensor (23) is located in the surrounding rock section (11), the corresponding second temperature sensor (23) is installed in the surrounding rock; when the second temperature sensor (23) is located in the initial support section (12), the corresponding second temperature sensor (23) is installed in the initial support layer; when the second temperature sensor (23) is located in the secondary lining section (13), the corresponding second temperature sensor (23) is installed on the steel reinforcement or steel arch frame of the secondary lining.

5. The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage module is a cloud platform.

6. The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission module includes an indoor base station and an outdoor base station.

7. The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data acquisition module transmits data to the base station inside the cave via a wired connection, and the base station inside the cave transmits data to the base station outside the cave via a wireless connection.

8. The intelligent remote monitoring system for high-temperature tunnel environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base station inside the cave transmits signals to the base station outside the cave via LoRa signals.

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