A vertical stiffness field calibration device for a primary spring of a bogie

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical stiffness field calibration device of a bogie primary spring, wherein a support wheel, an extension piece, a lower pressing plate, a lower opening plate and a distance measuring sensor are installed on a rack; the upper pressing plate and the upper opening plate are connected with the extension end of the extension piece; the detection end of the distance measuring sensor is connected with the extension end of the extension piece; a pressure sensor one is fixed with the lower pressing plate, and a pressure sensor two is fixed with the lower opening plate; the upper pressing plate and the pressure sensor one can simultaneously abut against the upper side wall of the bogie and the lower side wall of the connecting block; and the upper opening plate and the pressure sensor two can simultaneously abut against the lower side wall of the bogie and the lower inner side wall of the square hole. The upper pressing plate or the upper opening plate is driven to move up and down by the up-and-down movement of the extension piece, so that the compression and stretching of the primary spring are realized; the displacement value of the primary spring during the stretching or compression process can be accurately measured, and the vertical stiffness value of the spring can be obtained through the force value and the displacement value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway equipment, and more specifically to a field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring. Background Technology

[0002] The indirect wheel-rail force measurement method is a novel approach to determining wheel-rail interaction forces. This method eliminates the need for strain gauges or slip rings on the wheelsets; instead, it requires acceleration and displacement sensors on the bogies and axle boxes, and theoretical calculations yield the lateral and vertical forces between the wheels and rails. Compared to the wheel-rail force measurement method, this method offers simpler equipment installation, lower cost, easier operation, no need to replace wheelsets, and better accuracy. Although numerous experts and scholars both domestically and internationally have researched this indirect method, it has not been widely adopted in engineering applications. This is primarily because many parameters in the indirect wheel-rail force measurement method are input as design values, which deviate significantly from actual field values, especially the primary spring stiffness. The primary spring stiffness is a crucial parameter in the indirect measurement method, and its accuracy directly impacts the precision of the measurement results.

[0003] Currently, the stiffness of the primary spring in the indirect wheel-rail force measurement method uses the design value. The design value deviates from the actual value on site, making it impossible to accurately determine the lateral and vertical forces of the wheel and rail.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of the bogie primary spring that can overcome the above-mentioned problems is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring is provided for measuring the vertical stiffness of a primary spring installed between the bogie and the swing arm. Both ends of the primary spring are connected to the bogie and the swing arm, respectively. An axle box is provided on the swing arm, and a connecting block is provided on the lower side of the axle box. The connecting block has a square hole. The device includes:

[0008] A frame, the lower part of which is provided with support wheels for supporting it;

[0009] The force application and detection assembly includes a telescopic component, an upper pressure plate, an upper opening plate, a lower pressure plate, a lower opening plate, a distance sensor, a pressure sensor one, and a pressure sensor two. The telescopic component is mounted on the frame, and the telescopic direction of its telescopic end is parallel to the axis of the first spring. The upper pressure plate and the upper opening plate are both connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component. The lower pressure plate, the lower opening plate, and the distance sensor are all fixed on the frame, and the detection end of the distance sensor is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component. Pressure sensor one is fixed to the lower pressure plate, and pressure sensor two is fixed to the lower opening plate. The upper pressure plate and pressure sensor one can simultaneously abut against the upper side wall of the bogie and the lower side wall of the connecting block, respectively. The upper opening plate and pressure sensor two can simultaneously abut against the lower side wall of the bogie and the lower inner side wall of the square hole, respectively.

[0010] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of the bogie primary spring. The present invention installs a force application and detection component on a movable frame. By utilizing the up-and-down movement of the telescopic component, the upper pressure plate or upper opening plate moves up and down, thereby achieving compression and tension of the primary spring. The force application and detection component has two calibration modes: tension and compression, allowing on-site measurement of the tensile and compressive force values ​​of the primary spring. Simultaneously, a distance sensor is installed on the frame, enabling accurate measurement of the displacement value of the primary spring during tension or compression. The vertical stiffness value of the spring can be obtained from these force and displacement values.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic component includes a nut, a lead screw, a movable plate, a drive motor, and a connecting plate. Multiple nuts are provided and all are fixed to the frame. Multiple lead screws are provided and arranged parallel to each other, each lead screw being threadedly connected to a multiple nut. The surface of the movable plate is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw, and the movable plate is rotatably connected to multiple lead screws simultaneously. The drive motor is fixed to the movable plate and is simultaneously driven by multiple lead screws. The lower surface of the movable plate is tightly fixed to the upper pressure plate. One end of the connecting plate is fixed to the lower surface of the movable plate, and the other end of the connecting plate is fixed to the upper opening plate, the surface of the upper opening plate being parallel to the surface of the movable plate. The upper pressure plate is arranged between the movable plate and the upper opening plate. The telescopic component can reliably move up and down.

[0012] Preferably, there are four lead screws, and the centerlines of the four lead screws can jointly define a rectangular area. The moving plate is relatively stable during up and down movement.

[0013] Preferably, the drive unit includes a reducer, a handwheel, a driving pulley, driven pulleys, and a timing belt. The reducer is fixed to the moving plate. The handwheel is coaxially fixed to the input shaft of the reducer, and the driving pulley is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the reducer. Each lead screw has a driven pulley coaxially fixed to its upper end after passing through the moving plate. The timing belt is simultaneously fitted onto the driving pulley and multiple driven pulleys. The drive unit has a simple and reliable structure.

[0014] Preferably, the ranging sensor is arranged below the moving plate. The ranging sensor is a laser ranging sensor, with its laser emitting end aligned with the lower surface of the moving plate, and the emission direction of the laser emitting end perpendicular to the surface of the moving plate. This provides high measurement accuracy.

[0015] Preferably, the upper opening plate has a clearance notch on its surface, and the primary spring can be confined within the clearance notch. The upper opening plate can reliably abut against the bogie, improving the accuracy of the vertical stiffness value of the primary spring.

[0016] Preferably, a pad is integrally formed at one end of the lower opening plate, and the pad is fixed to the frame; the second pressure sensor is arranged between the lower opening plate and the first pressure sensor. The lower opening plate can be smoothly inserted into the square hole. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of a bogie primary spring vertical stiffness field calibration device;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of a device for on-site calibration of the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of the installation layout of a field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a side view of the installation layout of a field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring.

[0023] In the diagram:

[0024] 1 is the bogie, 2 is the swing arm, 3 is the primary spring, 4 is the axle box, 5 is the connecting block, 50 is the square hole, 6 is the frame, 7 is the support wheel, 8 is the nut, 9 is the lead screw, 10 is the moving plate, 11 is the reducer, 12 is the handwheel, 13 is the driving pulley, 14 is the driven pulley, 15 is the synchronous belt, 16 is the connecting plate, 17 is the upper pressure plate, 18 is the upper opening plate, 180 is the clearance notch, 19 is the lower pressure plate, 20 is the lower opening plate, 200 is the pad block, 21 is the distance sensor, 22 is the pressure sensor one, and 23 is the pressure sensor two. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] This invention discloses an on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of the primary spring of a bogie. The invention mounts a force application and detection component on a movable frame 6. The vertical movement of the telescopic component drives the upper pressure plate 17 or the upper opening plate 18 to move vertically. The upper pressure plate 17 and pressure sensor 22 simultaneously abut against the upper side wall of the bogie 1 and the lower side wall of the connecting block 5, thereby compressing the primary spring 3. The upper opening plate 18 and pressure sensor 23 simultaneously abut against the lower side wall of the bogie 1 and the lower inner side wall of the square hole 50, thereby stretching the primary spring 3. The force application and detection component has two calibration modes: stretching and compression, allowing on-site measurement of the tensile and compressive force values ​​of the primary spring 3. Meanwhile, a distance sensor 21 is installed on the frame 6, and the displacement value of the primary spring 3 during the stretching or compression process can also be accurately measured. The vertical stiffness value of the spring can be obtained through the above force and displacement values, which greatly improves the accuracy of the wheel-rail force indirect measurement method in the actual measurement process of track running cars, thereby promoting the application of the wheel-rail force indirect measurement method in railway engineering.

[0027] Example

[0028] See appendix Figure 1-5This is a schematic diagram of the overall and partial structure of one embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the present invention discloses a field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring. This device measures the vertical stiffness of a primary spring 3 installed between a bogie 1 and a swing arm 2. One end of the bogie 1 is hinged to the swing arm 2, and both ends of the primary spring 3 are connected to the bogie 1 and the swing arm 2, respectively. When the bogie 1 is raised, the primary spring 3 is stretched; when the bogie 1 is lowered, the primary spring 3 is compressed. The swing arm 2 is provided with an axle box 4 for a wheel axle to pass through. A connecting block 5 is welded and fixed to the lower side of the axle box 4. The connecting block 5 has a square hole 50 penetrating its end face. The device includes:

[0029] The frame 6 is made of square tubing welded together. The lower part of the frame 6 is evenly provided with multiple support wheels 7 to support it. In this embodiment, there are four support wheels 7.

[0030] The force application and detection assembly includes a telescopic component, an upper pressure plate 17, an upper opening plate 18, a lower pressure plate 19, a lower opening plate 20, a distance sensor 21, a pressure sensor 1 22, and a pressure sensor 23.

[0031] The telescopic component is installed on the frame 6, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the component is parallel to the axis of the first spring 3.

[0032] Both the upper pressure plate 17 and the upper opening plate 18 are connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component, and the upper pressure plate 17 and the upper opening plate 18 can move up and down.

[0033] The lower pressure plate 19, the lower opening plate 20, and the distance sensor 21 are all fixed on the frame 6. The detection end of the distance sensor 21 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component. The distance sensor 21 can measure the moving distance of the upper pressure plate 17 or the upper opening plate 18.

[0034] Pressure sensor 1 22 is tightly fixed to the lower pressure plate 19, and pressure sensor 23 is tightly fixed to the lower opening plate 20.

[0035] The upper pressure plate 17 and the pressure sensor 22 can simultaneously abut against the upper side wall of the bogie 1 and the lower side wall of the connecting block 5, respectively. At this time, the upper pressure plate 17 moves down to compress the primary spring 3.

[0036] The upper opening plate 18 and the pressure sensor 23 can simultaneously abut against the lower side wall of the bogie 1 and the lower inner side wall of the square hole 50, respectively. At this time, the upper opening plate 18 can move upward to stretch the primary spring 3.

[0037] When the upper pressure plate 17 abuts against the upper side wall of the bogie 1, the upper opening plate 18 does not contact the lower side wall of the bogie 1.

[0038] The telescopic components include nut 8, lead screw 9, moving plate 10, drive motor and connecting plate 16. Nut 8 is provided in multiple parts and is fixed on frame 6.

[0039] Multiple lead screws 9 are provided and arranged in parallel to each other, and each lead screw 9 is threadedly connected to multiple nuts 8.

[0040] The surface of the movable plate 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw 9, and the movable plate 10 is rotatably connected to multiple lead screws 9 at the same time.

[0041] The drive unit is fixed on the movable plate 10 and is simultaneously connected to multiple lead screws 9 for transmission.

[0042] The lower surface of the movable plate 10 is tightly attached to the upper pressure plate 17;

[0043] One end of the connecting plate 16 is fixed to the lower surface of the moving plate 10, and the other end of the connecting plate 16 is fixed with an upper opening plate 18. The surface of the upper opening plate 18 is parallel to the surface of the moving plate 10, and the upper pressure plate 17 is arranged between the moving plate 10 and the upper opening plate 18.

[0044] More specifically, in this embodiment, there are four lead screws 9, and the center lines of the four lead screws 9 can jointly define a rectangular area.

[0045] The drive unit includes a reducer 11, a handwheel 12, a drive pulley 13, a driven pulley 14, and a timing belt 15. The reducer 11 is fixed to the moving plate 10. The input shaft of the reducer 11 is coaxially fixed with the handwheel 12, and the output shaft of the reducer 11 is coaxially fixed with the drive pulley 13. The upper end of each lead screw 9 is coaxially fixed with a driven pulley 14 after passing through the moving plate 10. The timing belt 15 is simultaneously fitted onto the drive pulley 13 and multiple driven pulleys 14. When the handwheel 12 is manually turned, the reducer 11 drives the drive pulley 13 to rotate, thereby driving multiple lead screws 9 to rotate. While the multiple lead screws 9 are rotating, the moving plate 10 and the multiple lead screws 9 also move up and down.

[0046] The ranging sensor 21 is arranged below the moving plate 10. The ranging sensor 21 is a laser ranging sensor. The laser emitting end of the ranging sensor 21 is aligned with the lower surface of the moving plate 10. The emission direction of the laser emitting end of the ranging sensor 21 is perpendicular to the surface of the moving plate 10. When the moving plate 10 moves up and down, the ranging sensor 21 can measure the vertical movement distance of the moving plate 10, and further determine the vertical movement distance of the spring 3.

[0047] The upper opening plate 18 has a clearance notch 180 on its surface, and the primary spring 3 can be limited within the clearance notch 180. This design ensures that the upper opening plate 18 can reliably abut against the lower side wall of the car body bogie 1, ensuring that the primary spring 3 can move stably. On the other hand, the upper opening plate 18 can abut against the lower side wall of the car body bogie 1 located on both sides of the primary spring 3, ensuring that the tension direction of the primary spring 3 is stable and improving the accuracy of measurement.

[0048] One end of the lower opening plate 20 is integrally formed with a pad 200, which is fixed to the frame 6. This design ensures that the lower opening plate 20 can reliably extend into the square hole 50. Pressure sensor 23 is arranged between the lower opening plate 20 and pressure sensor 22.

[0049] When the device is in use, the staff pushes the frame 6 to a suitable position, that is, the bogie 1 is limited between the upper pressure plate 17 and the upper opening plate 18, the first spring 3 is arranged inside the clearance notch 180, and the lower opening plate 20 is located in the square hole 50 to ensure that the lead screw 9 is arranged vertically.

[0050] When compressing the primary spring 3 and measuring its stiffness, the user turns the handwheel 12 clockwise so that the upper pressure plate 17 and the pressure sensor 22 can simultaneously contact the upper side wall of the bogie 1 and the lower side wall of the connecting block 5, respectively, and the distance sensor 21 is reset to zero. The user continues to turn the handwheel 12 clockwise. At this time, the upper pressure plate 17 moves down and compresses the primary spring 3. The data of the distance sensor 21 and the data of the pressure sensor 22 are recorded. The pressure sensor 22 displays the elastic force value of the primary spring 3 at this time. The elastic performance of the primary spring 3 under compression can be obtained from the displacement value and elastic force value of the primary spring 3 under compression.

[0051] When stretching the primary spring 3 and measuring its stiffness, the user turns the handwheel 12 counterclockwise, so that the upper opening plate 18 and the second pressure sensor 23 simultaneously contact the lower side wall of the bogie 1 and the lower inner side wall of the square hole 50, respectively, and the distance sensor 21 is reset to zero. The user continues to turn the handwheel 12 counterclockwise. At this time, the upper opening plate 18 moves upward and stretches the primary spring 3. The data of the distance sensor 21 and the data of the second pressure sensor 23 are recorded. The second pressure sensor 23 displays the elastic force value of the primary spring 3 at this time. The elastic performance of the primary spring 3 under tension is obtained based on the displacement value and elastic force value of the primary spring 3 under tension.

[0052] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0053] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A field calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie primary spring, used to measure the vertical stiffness of a primary spring (3) installed between a bogie (1) and a swing arm (2), wherein both ends of the primary spring (3) are connected to the bogie (1) and the swing arm (2), respectively, the swing arm (2) is provided with an axle box (4), the lower side of the axle box (4) is provided with a connecting block (5), and the connecting block (5) is provided with a square hole (50), characterized in that, include: A frame (6), the lower part of which is provided with support wheels (7) for supporting it; The force application and detection assembly includes a telescopic component, an upper pressure plate (17), an upper opening plate (18), a lower pressure plate (19), a lower opening plate (20), a distance sensor (21), a pressure sensor one (22), and a pressure sensor two (23). The telescopic component is mounted on the frame (6), and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic component is parallel to the axis of the first spring (3). The upper pressure plate (17) and the upper opening plate (18) are both connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component. The lower pressure plate (19), the lower opening plate (20), and the distance sensor (21) are all fixed on the frame (6). On the frame (6), the detection end of the distance sensor (21) is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic component; the pressure sensor one (22) is fixed to the lower pressure plate (19), and the pressure sensor two (23) is fixed to the lower opening plate (20); the upper pressure plate (17) and the pressure sensor one (22) can simultaneously abut against the upper side wall of the bogie (1) and the lower side wall of the connecting block (5); the upper opening plate (18) and the pressure sensor two (23) can simultaneously abut against the lower side wall of the bogie (1) and the lower inner side wall of the square hole (50).

2. The on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie first spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic component includes a nut (8), a lead screw (9), a moving plate (10), a drive motor, and a connecting plate (16). Multiple nuts (8) are provided and fixed to the frame (6). Multiple lead screws (9) are provided and arranged parallel to each other, each lead screw (9) being threadedly connected to multiple nuts (8). The surface of the moving plate (10) is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw (9), and the moving plate (10) is rotatably connected to multiple lead screws (9). The drive motor is fixed to the moving plate. The moving plate (10) is connected to multiple lead screws (9) for transmission; the lower plate surface of the moving plate (10) is tightly fixed with the upper pressure plate (17); one end of the connecting plate (16) is fixed to the lower plate surface of the moving plate (10), and the other end of the connecting plate (16) is fixed with the upper opening plate (18). The plate surface of the upper opening plate (18) is parallel to the plate surface of the moving plate (10), and the upper pressure plate (17) is arranged between the moving plate (10) and the upper opening plate (18).

3. The on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie first spring according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are four lead screws (9), and the center lines of the four lead screws (9) can jointly define a rectangular area.

4. The on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie first spring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a reducer (11), a handwheel (12), a drive pulley (13), a driven pulley (14), and a timing belt (15). The reducer (11) is fixed to the moving plate (10). The input shaft of the reducer (11) is coaxially fixed with the handwheel (12). The output shaft of the reducer (11) is coaxially fixed with the drive pulley (13). The upper end of each lead screw (9) is coaxially fixed with a driven pulley (14) after passing through the moving plate (10). The timing belt (15) is simultaneously mounted on the drive pulley (13) and multiple driven pulleys (14).

5. The on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie first spring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ranging sensor (21) is arranged below the moving plate (10). The ranging sensor (21) is a laser ranging sensor. The laser emitting end of the ranging sensor (21) is arranged facing the lower plate surface of the moving plate (10). The emission direction of the laser emitting end of the ranging sensor (21) is perpendicular to the plate surface of the moving plate (10).

6. The on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie first spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper opening plate (18) has a relief notch (180) on its surface, and the first spring (3) can be limited within the relief notch (180).

7. The on-site calibration device for the vertical stiffness of a bogie first spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the lower opening plate (20) is integrally formed with a pad (200), and the pad (200) is fixed to the frame (6); the second pressure sensor (23) is arranged between the lower opening plate (20) and the first pressure sensor (22).

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