Mechanical shallow disturbed sediment sampler

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical shallow easily-disturbed deposit sampler, which comprises a counterweight mechanism, a mud taking mechanism and a mud inlet mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the mud taking mechanism comprises a connecting piece, a mud taking tube and a transparent tube arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting piece is arranged at the bottom of the counterweight mechanism, and the mud inlet mechanism is sleeved with the lower end of the transparent tube, the application is suitable for the technical field of bottom mud sampling, adopts a split type design, and reasonably divides the whole sampler into the counterweight mechanism, the mud taking mechanism and the mud inlet mechanism, simplifies redundancy, controls the weight of each part reasonably, and can work in a high water content deposit stratum more freely, the unique float and gravity vertical design is used for assisting the horizontal, the sampler can be vertically drilled in a deep sea or a torrent environment, the accuracy of a sampling site can be ensured, the sampler no longer needs a heavy steel outer tube support, and sampling can be completed by only providing a light sampling tube with a suitable caliber and length.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sediment sampling technology, specifically a mechanical shallow, easily disturbed sediment sampler. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing national emphasis on water source protection, sediment samplers are essential for various surveys, including urban water pollution investigations, lake, river, delta and marine sediment surveys, tailings pond surveys, reservoir sediment sampling, sludge pond sampling, wetland environmental surveys, dredging projects, and soil geological surveys in fisheries and forestry. For the scientific and industrial communities, research on groundwater resources, microbial communities and functions, black and odorous water body remediation, and heavy metal pollution in sediments have made global sediment surveys imperative. There has never been a greater need for collecting and storing "original" samples that maintain stratification. Furthermore, innovative and economical sampling and research solutions can be provided in a more environmentally friendly manner.

[0003] Sediment samplers can be categorized into powered and mechanical types based on their power source. Powered samplers include solid rod and hollow rod augers, air rotary drills, mud rotary drills, reverse circulation and double-wall reverse circulation rotary drills, sonic resonant drilling, and jet drilling. Mechanical samplers mainly include the Luoyang shovel and wireline impact drill. Powered and mechanical samplers each have their advantages and disadvantages for different scenarios. Powered samplers are powerful and can sample at greater depths, making them suitable for sediment sampling in deep water bodies such as the ocean. However, they are overly dependent on a power source and have high requirements for transportation and assembly, often requiring mounting on various platforms, making them cumbersome and costly to transport. This also delays sampling time, often resulting in a large timescale for a batch of samples. In winter or frigid regions, using battery or fuel-powered samplers can cause environmental pollution, and battery efficiency is significantly reduced in cold environments. Sonic drilling technology, due to sonic resonance, can disrupt the original biological populations in the sampling area, for example, driving away higher mammals such as dolphins and finless porpoises, hindering their foraging.

[0004] Mechanical samplers do not require the mud, air, water, or other circulating media needed for energy-powered samplers. They produce no noise pollution, no human-caused contamination during sampling, are small in size, lightweight, and easy to operate. They are amphibious and portable due to their modular design. They can easily penetrate strata such as clay, sand, sediment, or high-water-content soil, collecting undisturbed, truly representative samples. They can consistently collect reliable soil and sediment samples even in the most demanding environments, without being limited by extreme cold. However, traditional mechanical samplers are susceptible to problems such as a single power source, frictional resistance from hydrostatic pressure, resistance from the closed air chamber formed by the sampler, squeezing and stratification disturbances at the mud inlet, and falling samples.

[0005] In summary, existing sediment samplers still have many shortcomings. For shallow sediment environments, they cannot further increase the sampling depth, their performance is still slightly insufficient, their power source is still gravity, which is relatively singular, and they are still manually operated, which cannot effectively reduce the intensity of human labor and cannot effectively solve the resistance problem caused by the viscosity of mud and water in marsh wetlands. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler includes a counterweight mechanism, a mud sampling mechanism, and a mud inlet mechanism arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The mud sampling mechanism includes a connector, a mud sampling tube, and a transparent tube arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The connector is located at the bottom of the counterweight mechanism, and the mud inlet mechanism is sleeved on the lower end of the transparent tube.

[0009] Preferably, the connector is inserted into the upper end of the mud sampling pipe and fixed with bolts, the mud sampling pipe is inserted into the upper end of the transparent pipe and fixed with bolts, and several through holes are opened on the outer side of the mud sampling pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the connector and the counterweight mechanism are integrally formed.

[0011] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight frame, on which a first counterweight ball, a second counterweight ball, and a third counterweight ball are arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the weight ratio of the first counterweight ball, the second counterweight ball, and the third counterweight ball is 3:2:1.

[0013] Preferably, the counterweight frame adopts a T-shaped structure, and the first, second, and third counterweight balls are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the vertical section of the counterweight frame from top to bottom. Pull rings are provided at both ends of the horizontal section of the counterweight frame and on both sides of the third counterweight ball.

[0014] Preferably, a sleeve hole is provided at the center of the mud inlet mechanism, the lower end of the transparent tube is inserted into the upper end of the sleeve hole, the mud inlet mechanism is provided with an annular cavity, and a number of blades are provided at the lower end of the sleeve hole. The blades are arranged in a ring array to block the lower end of the sleeve hole.

[0015] Preferably, the fixed end of the blade is rotatably connected to the side wall of the sleeve hole by a torsion spring, and the free end of the blade is provided with an extension push plate. The blade slides through the inner wall of the sleeve hole until the extension push plate approaches the outer wall of the inner cavity and is limited by a pin. The pin passes through the two side walls of the outer cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the outer cavity is provided with a fixed block and a sliding push block, which are connected by a spring. The sliding push block is also connected with a pull rope, which passes through the spring, the fixed block and the outer wall of the outer cavity in sequence.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a gravity-feed mechanism to help the sampler maintain vertical drilling during the sampling process.

[0018] Preferably, the gravity drop mechanism includes a float with a square structure and connecting ropes along its two diagonals. Two gravity drop balls are symmetrically arranged on one of the connecting ropes, and the other connecting rope passes through the pull rings at both ends of the horizontal section of the counterweight frame.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. In this invention, a split design is adopted, which reasonably divides the entire sampler into three parts: a counterweight mechanism, a mud-taking mechanism, and a mud inlet mechanism. This simplifies redundancy and rationally controls the weight of each part, allowing for more flexible operation in high-water-content sediment formations.

[0021] 2. In this invention, the unique float and gravity-assisted drop design is used to assist in horizontal movement, which can ensure that the sampler can drill vertically in deep sea or turbulent environments to ensure the accuracy of the sampling location. Sampling no longer requires heavy steel outer tube support; only a lightweight sampling tube of suitable diameter and length is needed to complete the sampling.

[0022] 3. In this invention, three stainless steel balls are used as counterweights. According to the kinetic energy theorem, the interaction force can bring about multiple impacts, which can optimize the single force mode of traditional mechanical samplers. In addition, the contact area between the bottom ball and the upper cylindrical nested component is small, which is conducive to the concentration and transmission of force.

[0023] 4. In this invention, the unique three-blade opening and closing spring-loaded mud inlet device can solve the problems of squeezing and stratification disturbance of the fish basket-type mud inlet and falling off of the traditional mud inlet. The opening at the upper end of the mud sampling tube can eliminate the frictional resistance caused by hydrostatic pressure and the resistance of the closed air cavity formed by the traditional sampler.

[0024] 5. In this invention, the transportation requirements are low, making it very suitable for long-distance or long-term sediment sampling. Its small size and light weight, modular design and portability minimize the preparation work required for sediment sampling and minimize site damage. It can quickly and stably select sampling sites and quickly change sampling locations.

[0025] 6. This invention can be used for sampling in protected areas or sensitive zones. Since electric and fuel-powered appliances are prohibited in sensitive areas, this patent has excellent environmental friendliness and can be used for sampling work in such areas. Furthermore, the portability and detachability of the components make it possible to conduct sediment sampling in difficult locations. Large instruments are usually difficult to enter areas such as swamps and wetlands for sampling, but this product can be carried and operated by a single person, enabling sediment sampling work in difficult swamp and wetland areas. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight mechanism in a mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mud-collecting mechanism in a mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mud inlet mechanism in a mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity-fall mechanism in a mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Counterweight mechanism; 11. Counterweight frame; 12. First counterweight ball; 13. Second counterweight ball; 14. Third counterweight ball; 15. Pull ring; 2. Mud-taking mechanism; 21. Connector; 22. Mud-taking pipe; 23. Transparent pipe; 24. Through hole; 3. Mud inlet mechanism; 30. Outer cavity; 31. Inner cavity; 32. Sleeve hole; 33. Blade; 34. Extension push plate; 35. Pin; 36. Fixing block; 37. Sliding push block; 38. Spring; 39. Pull rope; 4. Gravity drop mechanism; 41. Float; 42. Connecting rope; 43. Gravity drop ball. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This invention further illustrates specific embodiments of a mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler. The mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler of this invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This embodiment provides a specific implementation of a mechanical shallow, easily disturbed sediment sampler, such as... Figure 1-5As shown, it includes a counterweight mechanism 1, a mud-taking mechanism 2, and a mud-inlet mechanism 3 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The mud-taking mechanism 2 includes a connector 21, a mud-taking pipe 22, and a transparent pipe 23 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The connector 21 is located at the bottom of the counterweight mechanism 1, and the mud-inlet mechanism 3 is sleeved on the lower end of the transparent pipe 23.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the connector 21 is inserted into the upper end of the mud sampling tube 22 and fixed by bolts. The mud sampling tube 22 is inserted into the upper end of the transparent tube 23 and fixed by bolts. Several through holes 24 are opened on the outside of the mud sampling tube 22.

[0036] Furthermore, the transparent tube 23 is a PVC transparent tube.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the connector 21 and the counterweight mechanism 1 are integrally molded.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the counterweight mechanism 1 includes a counterweight frame 11, on which a first counterweight ball 12, a second counterweight ball 13, and a third counterweight ball 14 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the first counterweight ball 12, the second counterweight ball 13, and the third counterweight ball 14 are all stainless steel balls, with a weight ratio of 3:2:1.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the counterweight frame 11 adopts a T-shaped structure and is made of stainless steel. The first counterweight ball 12, the second counterweight ball 13, and the third counterweight ball 14 are sequentially fitted on the outside of the vertical section of the counterweight frame 11 from top to bottom. Pull rings 15 are provided at both ends of the horizontal section of the counterweight frame 11 and on both sides of the third counterweight ball 14 for threading ropes for lifting.

[0041] In one possible implementation, a sleeve hole 32 is provided at the center of the mud inlet mechanism 3, and the lower end of the transparent tube 23 is inserted into the upper end of the sleeve hole 32. The mud inlet mechanism 3 is provided with an annular cavity 31, and a number of blades 33 are provided at the lower end of the sleeve hole 32. The number of blades 33 are arranged in a ring array to block the lower end of the sleeve hole 32.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the fixed end of the blade 33 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the sleeve hole 32 by a torsion spring, and the free end of the blade 33 is provided with an extension push plate 34. The blade 33 slides through the inner wall of the sleeve hole 32 until the extension push plate 34 approaches the outer wall of the inner cavity 31 and is limited by a pin 35. The pin 35 passes through the two side walls of the outer cavity 30.

[0043] Furthermore, the outer cavity 30 is provided with a fixed block 36 and a sliding push block 37, which are connected by a spring 38. A pull rope 39 is also connected to the sliding push block 37, and the pull rope 39 passes through the spring 38, the fixed block 36 and the outer wall of the outer cavity 30 in sequence.

[0044] Furthermore, there are three blades 33.

[0045] Furthermore, the blade 33 adopts an arc-shaped structure, including an outer arc surface and an inner arc surface. The inner arc surfaces of the three blades 33 match each other, and the outer arc surface of the blade 33 and the outer arc surface of the extended push plate 34 are both convex structures.

[0046] Furthermore, employing the principle of spring clips, three pins 35 are used to hold the three open blades 33 in place. A spring 38 is added to the outer cavity 30. During use, the spring 38 is compressed to one-third of its outer coil by pulling the rope 39 and sliding the pusher 37. When the pins 35 are pulled out, the spring 38 is immediately released, pushing the blades 33 to retract, thus acting as a sealing partition. This allows for the collection and storage of "original" samples that maintain their stratification. All outer surfaces of the device are coated with a superhydrophobic nano-coating to reduce the viscosity of mud and water.

[0047] In one possible implementation, a gravity-feed mechanism 4 is also included to assist the sampler in maintaining vertical drilling during the sampling process.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the gravity drop mechanism 4 includes a float 41, which has a square structure and two diagonals connected to a connecting rope 41. Two gravity drop balls 43 are symmetrically arranged on one connecting rope 42, and the other connecting rope 42 passes through the pull rings 15 at both ends of the horizontal section of the counterweight frame 11 in sequence.

[0049] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0050] 1. It adopts a split design, which reasonably divides the entire sampler into three parts: counterweight mechanism 1, mud sampling mechanism 2, and mud inlet mechanism 3. It is streamlined and redundant, and the weight of each part is reasonably controlled, which can work more freely in high water content sediment formations.

[0051] 2. The unique buoy and gravity-assisted drop design assists in horizontal movement, ensuring the sampler can drill vertically in deep-sea or turbulent environments, thus ensuring the accuracy of the sampling location. Sampling no longer requires heavy steel outer tube support; only a lightweight sampling tube of suitable diameter and length is needed to complete the sampling.

[0052] 3. Three stainless steel balls are used as counterweights. According to the kinetic energy theorem, the interaction force can bring about multiple impacts, which can optimize the single force mode of traditional mechanical samplers. In addition, the contact area between the bottom ball and the upper cylindrical nested component is small, which is conducive to the concentration and transmission of force.

[0053] 4. The unique three-blade opening and closing spring-loaded mud inlet device can solve the problems of squeezing and stratification disturbance of the fish basket-type mud inlet and the falling off of the traditional mud inlet. The opening at the top of the mud sampling tube can eliminate the frictional resistance caused by hydrostatic pressure and the resistance of the closed air cavity formed by the traditional sampler.

[0054] 5. With low transportation requirements, it is very suitable for long-distance or long-term sediment sampling. Its small size and light weight, modular design and portability minimize the preparation work required for sediment sampling and minimize site damage. It can quickly and stably select sampling sites and quickly change sampling locations.

[0055] 6. It can be used for sampling in protected areas or sensitive zones. Since electric and fuel-powered appliances are prohibited in sensitive areas, this patent has excellent environmental protection features and can be used for sampling work in such areas. Furthermore, the portability and detachability of the components make it possible to conduct sediment sampling in difficult locations. Large instruments are usually difficult to enter swampy wetland areas for sampling, but this product can be carried and operated by a single person, enabling sediment sampling work in difficult swampy wetland areas.

[0056] Working principle: such as Figure 1-5 As shown, first, assemble the sampler completely, pass the connecting line 42 of the float 41 through the pull rings 15 at both ends of the horizontal section of the counterweight frame 11, and pull the sliding push block 37 to the position close to the fixed block 36 through the pull rope 39. At this time, the spring 38 is compressed, the blade 33 is opened, and the extension push plate 34 on the free end of the blade 33 is brought close to the side wall of the inner cavity 31. Insert the pin 35 to block the extension push plate 34. At this time, the blade 33 is opened and limited. Open and limit the three blades 33, and start the water sampling.

[0057] After sampling, the three pins 35 are pulled out, and the spring 38 is immediately released, pushing the three blades 33 to close in sequence. At the same time, the push plate 34 is extended to make the blades 33 more tightly engaged, avoiding loose engagement.

[0058] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical shallow, easily disturbed sediment sampler, characterized in that: It includes a counterweight mechanism (1), a mud-taking mechanism (2) and a mud-inlet mechanism (3) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The mud-taking mechanism (2) includes a connector (21), a mud-taking pipe (22) and a transparent pipe (23) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The connector (21) is located at the bottom of the counterweight mechanism (1), and the mud-inlet mechanism (3) is sleeved on the lower end of the transparent pipe (23). The mud inlet mechanism (3) has a sleeve hole (32) at its center. The lower end of the transparent tube (23) is inserted into the upper end of the sleeve hole (32). The mud inlet mechanism (3) has an annular outer cavity (30) and an inner cavity (31). The sleeve hole (32) has several blades (33) arranged in a ring array to block the lower end of the sleeve hole (32). The fixed end of the blade (33) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the sleeve hole (32) by a torsion spring. The free end of the blade (33) is provided with an extension push plate (34). The blade (33) slides through the inner wall of the sleeve hole (32) until the extension push plate (34) approaches the outer wall of the inner cavity (31) and is limited by a pin (35). The pin (35) passes through the two side walls of the outer cavity (30). The outer cavity (30) is provided with a fixed block (36) and a sliding push block (37). The fixed block (36) and the sliding push block (37) are connected by a spring (38). A pull rope (39) is also connected to the sliding push block (37). The pull rope (39) passes through the spring (38), the fixed block (36) and the outer wall of the outer cavity (30) in sequence. It also includes a gravity drop mechanism (4), which includes a float. The float has a square structure with connecting ropes (41) on both diagonals. Two gravity drop balls (42) are symmetrically arranged on one of the connecting ropes (41), and the other connecting rope (41) passes through the pull rings (15) at both ends of the horizontal section of the counterweight frame (11).

2. The mechanical shallow easily disturbed sediment sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (21) is inserted into the upper end of the mud sampling pipe (22) and fixed by bolts. The mud sampling pipe (22) is inserted into the upper end of the transparent pipe (23) and fixed by bolts. Several through holes (24) are opened on the outside of the mud sampling pipe (22).

3. A mechanical shallow, easily disturbed sediment sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (21) and the counterweight mechanism (1) adopt an integrated molding structure.

4. A mechanical shallow, easily disturbed sediment sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight mechanism (1) includes a counterweight frame (11), on which a first counterweight ball (12), a second counterweight ball (13), and a third counterweight ball (14) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

5. A mechanical shallow, easily disturbed sediment sampler as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the first counterweight ball (12), the second counterweight ball (13), and the third counterweight ball (14) is 3:2:

1.

6. A mechanical shallow, easily disturbed sediment sampler as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The counterweight frame (11) adopts a T-shaped structure. The first counterweight ball (12), the second counterweight ball (13) and the third counterweight ball (14) are sequentially fitted on the outside of the vertical section of the counterweight frame (11) from top to bottom. Pull rings (15) are provided at both ends of the horizontal section of the counterweight frame (11) and on both sides of the third counterweight ball (14).

Images