Construction method of refrigeration plant room

Abstract

The application relates to the field of building construction and provides a construction method of a refrigeration machine room, which comprises the following steps: S1, presetting reference points according to more than one fixed structure on a plane construction drawing; S2, establishing a field reference point and a field three-dimensional coordinate system in a refrigeration machine room construction site according to the preset reference points; S3, obtaining field coordinates of each fixed structure on the construction drawing, and establishing a three-dimensional model drawing corresponding to the field three-dimensional coordinate system; the coordinate origin in the three-dimensional model drawing is a main reference point, and a three-dimensional coordinate system established with the main reference point as the origin is a main coordinate system; S4, establishing models of equipment and pipelines corresponding to actual sizes in the three-dimensional model drawing, arranging the equipment and the pipelines in the three-dimensional model drawing according to design requirements, and obtaining installation coordinate data of the equipment and the pipelines; and S5, installing the pipelines and the equipment. Advantages are that the construction installation precision and the engineering quality are improved; and the coordinate data is based on the same three-dimensional coordinate system, so that position adjustment and overall control are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction, and more specifically, to a construction method for a refrigeration room. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the construction market has seen a surge in large-scale commercial buildings, propelling the electromechanical installation engineering industry to new heights. The increasing introduction of foreign developers into the domestic construction market, coupled with the gradual improvement of domestic construction regulations and standards, has led to increasingly stringent requirements for the progress, safety, and quality management of on-site electromechanical engineering construction. Refrigeration rooms in electromechanical installation engineering are primarily used to house refrigeration equipment, mainly in office buildings and residential dormitories with central air conditioning. The main refrigeration equipment in a refrigeration room includes chillers, water pumps, pipes, and manifolds. The chiller's primary function is to transfer heat from the cooled object to the surrounding environment, thus providing cooling. The water pump provides power to the refrigerant, and the pipes transport the refrigerant. In essence, the chiller cools the refrigerant, and the water pump circulates it within the system, thereby cooling the indoor environment. When the cooling area is large, such as in schools or large shopping malls, the refrigeration room contains numerous large pieces of equipment and a vast number of pipes, placing higher demands on installation.

[0003] Currently, traditional construction methods still rely primarily on on-site fabrication, which is ill-suited to the trend of increasingly dense equipment, complex systems, and centralized pipelines in modern building equipment rooms. In actual construction, accumulated errors from various processes often lead to discrepancies between the actual installation and expectations, sometimes even requiring rework. This results in lengthy projects, large workloads, high labor intensity for workers, and high construction costs. Therefore, it is necessary to research a construction method specifically for the first step in refrigeration equipment room construction—measurement and positioning—to improve construction accuracy and reduce errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the defects (deficiencies) of the prior art and provide a construction method for a refrigeration room to improve construction accuracy and efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a construction method for a refrigeration room, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Set preset reference points on the architectural plan construction drawing based on one or more fixed structures; S2. On the construction site of the refrigeration room, establish site reference points based on the preset reference points, and establish a site three-dimensional coordinate system based on the site reference points; S3. Obtain the site coordinates of each fixed structure on the construction drawing based on the site three-dimensional coordinate system, and establish a three-dimensional model drawing corresponding to the site three-dimensional coordinate system; the origin of the coordinate system in the three-dimensional model drawing is the main reference point, and the three-dimensional coordinate system established with the main reference point as the origin is the main coordinate system; S4. Establish models of equipment and pipelines corresponding to the actual dimensions in the three-dimensional model drawing, arrange the equipment and pipelines on the three-dimensional model drawing according to the design requirements, and obtain the installation coordinate data of the equipment and pipelines; S5. Find the site coordinates corresponding to the installation coordinate data in the site three-dimensional coordinate system, and install the pipelines and equipment according to the site coordinates.

[0007] In step S1, the fixed structure is the building structure inside the refrigeration room, such as a column or wall. Two vertical lines are drawn with the preset reference point as the intersection point. The preset reference point is set so that the two vertical lines can avoid the fixed structure. In this way, as many devices as possible in the room can use the three-dimensional coordinate system where the reference point is located as the position reference, without the need to establish auxiliary points and lines, thus improving the accuracy of device placement.

[0008] In step S2, based on the reference point locations in the architectural plan, on-site reference points are determined and marked within the refrigeration room. A three-dimensional coordinate system is established using these reference points as the origin. Then, step S3 is executed, measuring the fixed structural positions of the refrigeration room according to the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system. Based on the actual on-site measurements, a three-dimensional model of the room is created. In actual construction, establishing the on-site room based on the architectural plan often results in errors in the positions of various structures. Similarly, directly creating a three-dimensional model based on the architectural plan inevitably leads to errors in the positions of the structures within the three-dimensional model. If construction is based solely on the three-dimensional model, the accumulation of errors can result in an inaccurate establishment of the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system, thus affecting the accuracy of equipment placement. Therefore, this technical solution directly establishes a corresponding three-dimensional model based on the fixed structure of the on-site refrigeration room and the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system. This ensures a high degree of matching between the three-dimensional model and the actual refrigeration room, reducing error accumulation, improving the accuracy of subsequent equipment placement, avoiding rework of equipment piping due to error accumulation, and improving work efficiency.

[0009] In step S4, after arranging the equipment and pipelines in the three-dimensional model according to the design requirements, the position coordinate data of each piece of equipment and pipeline can be determined. On-site, the corresponding equipment and pipelines are placed and installed according to the coordinate data in the three-dimensional model.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, a preset reference point is set, specifically: on the building floor plan, a preset frame is set in the middle of the refrigeration room, the area of ​​the preset frame is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the floor area of ​​the refrigeration room, and the preset reference point is set in the preset frame according to the fixed structure, so as to reduce the distance and obstruction between the preset reference point and the wall.

[0011] The preset frame is a symmetrically scaled-down graphic based on the shape of the ground, and the geometric center of the preset frame coincides with the geometric center of the ground. This keeps the preset reference point at or near the center of the horizontal plane of the computer room, shortening the distance between the equipment and pipes in the computer room and the reference point, facilitating measurement, reducing errors, and further improving the accuracy of its installation. In addition, the preset reference point can avoid fixed structures, so that the horizontal and vertical axes are as unobstructed as possible from the walls, and provides sufficient space for the layout equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the preset reference point is located within the preset frame, specifically by setting a preset horizontal axis and a preset vertical axis that pass through the preset frame, such that the distance between the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis and the geometric center of the preset frame is minimized or coincides. When several fixed structures are provided on both sides of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to be equal to the distance between them and the nearest fixed structures on their respective sides. When several fixed structures are provided on one side of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to maintain a preset installation distance between them and the nearest fixed structures. The intersection of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis is the preset reference point.

[0013] This design reduces obstacles on the horizontal and vertical axes, allowing for precise acquisition of axes and reference points.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, confirming a preset reference point specifically means that the preset reference point is the intersection of two axes in the original architectural plan construction drawing; in step S2, a three-dimensional on-site coordinate system is established with these two axes as the x-axis and y-axis.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S4, the method further includes: taking the area facing the side of the fixed structure away from the reference point as the obstruction area, when the equipment or pipeline is located in the obstruction area, setting an auxiliary reference point associated with the reference point at a location avoiding the obstruction area, and the equipment or pipeline eliminating the measurement obstruction caused by the fixed structure through the auxiliary coordinate system corresponding to the auxiliary reference point.

[0016] The auxiliary coordinate system can be designed as a two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinate system according to actual needs. The auxiliary reference point is associated with the reference point, which can be understood as the coordinates of the auxiliary reference point being referenced to the coordinate system in which the reference point is located. When equipment or pipeline is in an obstructed area, its ordinate or abscissa is often impossible to measure due to the obstruction of the fixed structure. By using the positional relationship with the auxiliary coordinate system, the position of the obstructed equipment or pipeline can be accurately determined.

[0017] Furthermore, auxiliary reference points associated with the main reference point are set in areas avoiding obstruction. Specifically, in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system are located, auxiliary horizontal axes and auxiliary vertical axes are set parallel to the x-axis and y-axis, respectively. The intersection of the auxiliary horizontal axis and the auxiliary vertical axis is located on the side of the fixed structure away from the main reference point, and the auxiliary horizontal axis extends to the y-axis, and the auxiliary vertical axis extends to the x-axis. The intersection point is the auxiliary reference point.

[0018] This setup reduces the number of auxiliary reference points, allowing devices in both obstructed areas to take measurements.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S4, the following is also included: the refrigeration room includes a main room and several auxiliary rooms connected by pipes, the main coordinate system is established in the main room, the main room and the auxiliary rooms are separated by walls, the main room and the auxiliary rooms are provided with openings that connect to the outside, the refrigeration room is provided with an external auxiliary line associated with the main coordinate system, the external auxiliary line extends outward through the opening of the main room and extends into the auxiliary room through the opening of the auxiliary room, so that an auxiliary room coordinate system associated with the main coordinate system can be established in the auxiliary room.

[0020] The opening can be a door or a window. A secondary room coordinate system needs to be established in the secondary room to determine the location of equipment and pipes in the secondary room. The setting of external auxiliary lines allows the secondary room coordinate system to be based on the three-dimensional coordinate system of the main room, so that the coordinate data of pipes and equipment in the secondary room are still referenced by the three-dimensional coordinate system of the main room, which facilitates position adjustment and overall control.

[0021] Furthermore, the external auxiliary lines are located in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system are located. The external auxiliary lines include a horizontal auxiliary line parallel to the x-axis and a vertical auxiliary line parallel to the y-axis. The intersection of the horizontal and vertical auxiliary lines is the external auxiliary point. The distance from the external auxiliary point to the refrigeration room is 0.5m to 1.5m.

[0022] If the distance between the external auxiliary points and the machine room is too far, the auxiliary lines will be too long, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. If they are too close, it will be inconvenient to set up the external auxiliary lines on site. Therefore, a suitable distance can improve the accuracy of the relative position data between the auxiliary room coordinate system and the main room three-dimensional coordinate system while facilitating on-site construction.

[0023] Further, in step S4, determining the coordinate data of the equipment and pipeline specifically involves: the center point of the connection surface between the equipment and the pipeline being the measurement point, and the coordinates of the measurement point being used as coordinate installation data. The coordinate points of the equipment in the same row or column are located on the same straight line parallel to the axis, so that the distance between the measurement points of the equipment in the same row or column connected to the same straight pipeline and the pipeline is equal.

[0024] Aligning measurement points ensures that the equipment connections have the same vertical, horizontal, or vertical coordinates, unifying information coordinates, reducing equipment installation difficulty, and improving construction efficiency. Taking equal distances from measurement points to the pipeline ensures that the pipeline is straight, reducing bends, saving materials, and avoiding safety hazards caused by excessively thin outer walls of curved pipelines.

[0025] Furthermore, the reference planes of the x-axis and y-axis of the field coordinate system are higher than the ground plane.

[0026] In this technical solution, the floor of the refrigeration room is uneven, especially before the surface layer is completed. This solution avoids the unevenness of the bottom surface from affecting the determination of the longitudinal coordinates of the equipment or pipelines, thereby improving the matching degree between the on-site installation and the preset height.

[0027] Furthermore, the concrete foundation is based on the reference plane, and the height of the concrete foundation has a negative deviation, the deviation ranging from -3 to -10 mm.

[0028] Compared to the design dimensions, the dimensions of the concrete foundation after pouring will deviate due to factors such as manual operation. After the equipment is placed on the foundation, its height needs to be adjusted to meet the coordinate information parameters required in the model drawing. However, lowering the position of the equipment is more difficult than raising it. Therefore, in this technical solution, the positioning and layout height of the concrete foundation is directly set to a negative deviation. The equipment is then raised after it is placed on the foundation to reduce the difficulty of equipment installation and adjustment, which helps to ensure the accuracy of equipment installation and positioning.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S5, the on-site installation based on the three-dimensional model includes: pre-fabricating the pipe port model of the equipment connection port, installing the pipe port model after the equipment is installed, and using the pipe port model to assist in the installation of the pipeline.

[0030] The pipe fitting model used to connect the equipment is used to assist in the connection between the equipment and the pipeline. It can be a flange or bracket made of PVC material. Before the equipment is installed, the pipe fitting model is temporarily installed according to the coordinate information of the equipment's measurement points. When installing the equipment, the equipment position is finely adjusted and aligned according to the equipment pipe fitting model so that the equipment connection port matches it. This reduces the difficulty of connecting the equipment and the pipeline, improves the reliability of the connection, and avoids repeated measurements during the equipment positioning process.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] (1) The technical solution of the present invention, combined with the three-dimensional model drawing technology, provides a set of construction methods for the measurement and positioning of the construction of the refrigeration room, which improves the construction and installation accuracy and project quality, reduces errors, reduces the labor intensity of the workers, and saves construction costs.

[0033] (2) In the technical solution of the present invention, the coordinate data of the equipment and pipelines in the refrigeration room are all based on the same three-dimensional coordinate system, which facilitates their position adjustment and overall control. In addition, the fixed structure often has errors during construction, which may cause one or more surfaces of the fixed structure to tilt. In contrast, the traditional method of using the adjacent fixed structure as a reference container leads to inaccurate equipment positioning and error accumulation. The present invention can avoid this problem by positioning the equipment using the same three-dimensional coordinate system, thereby improving the accuracy of equipment positioning. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary coordinate system in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary coordinate system in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer auxiliary lines in Example 2.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process of forming a preset reference point in Example 1.

[0038] Figure 5 The diagram shows the formation of preset reference points for Example 1.

[0039] Attached reference numerals: Preset horizontal axis 100, preset vertical axis 200, occlusion area 300, horizontal auxiliary line 400, vertical auxiliary line 500, main coordinate system 600, auxiliary coordinate system 610, column 700, main chamber A, secondary chamber B, preset frame 800, preset reference point 900. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0041] One object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a refrigeration room, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1. Set preset reference points on the architectural plan construction drawing based on one or more fixed structures;

[0043] S2. Within the construction site of the refrigeration room, establish site reference points based on the preset reference points, and establish a site three-dimensional coordinate system based on the site reference points;

[0044] S3. Obtain the field coordinates of each fixed structure on the construction drawing based on the field three-dimensional coordinate system, and establish a three-dimensional model drawing corresponding to the field three-dimensional coordinate system; the origin of the coordinates in the three-dimensional model drawing is the main reference point, and the three-dimensional coordinate system established with the main reference point as the origin is the main coordinate system.

[0045] S4. Create models of equipment and pipelines corresponding to their actual dimensions in the 3D model, arrange the equipment and pipelines in the 3D model according to the design requirements, and obtain the installation coordinate data of the equipment and pipelines.

[0046] S5. Locate the corresponding installation coordinates in the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system, and install the pipelines and equipment according to the on-site coordinates.

[0047] Furthermore, in step S1, a preset reference point is set, specifically: on the building floor plan, a preset frame is set in the middle of the refrigeration room, the area of ​​the preset frame is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the floor area of ​​the refrigeration room, and the preset reference point is set in the preset frame according to the fixed structure, so as to reduce the distance and obstruction between the preset reference point and the wall.

[0048] Furthermore, the preset reference point is located within the preset frame, specifically by setting a preset horizontal axis and a preset vertical axis that pass through the preset frame, such that the distance between the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis and the geometric center of the preset frame is minimized or coincides. When several fixed structures are provided on both sides of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to be equal to the distance between them and the nearest fixed structures on their respective sides. When several fixed structures are provided on one side of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to maintain a preset installation distance between them and the nearest fixed structures. The intersection of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis is the preset reference point.

[0049] Furthermore, in step S4, the method further includes: taking the area facing the side of the fixed structure away from the reference point as the obstruction area, when the equipment or pipeline is located in the obstruction area, setting an auxiliary reference point associated with the reference point at a location avoiding the obstruction area, and the equipment or pipeline eliminating the measurement obstruction caused by the fixed structure through the auxiliary coordinate system corresponding to the auxiliary reference point.

[0050] Furthermore, auxiliary reference points associated with the main reference point are set in areas avoiding obstruction. Specifically, in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system are located, auxiliary horizontal axes and auxiliary vertical axes are set parallel to the x-axis and y-axis, respectively. The intersection of the auxiliary horizontal axis and the auxiliary vertical axis is located on the side of the fixed structure away from the main reference point, and the auxiliary horizontal axis extends to the y-axis, and the auxiliary vertical axis extends to the x-axis. The intersection point is the auxiliary reference point.

[0051] Furthermore, in step S4, the following is also included: the refrigeration room includes a main room and several auxiliary rooms connected by pipes, the main coordinate system is established in the main room, the main room and the auxiliary rooms are separated by walls, the main room and the auxiliary rooms are provided with openings that connect to the outside, the refrigeration room is provided with an external auxiliary line associated with the main coordinate system, the external auxiliary line extends outward through the opening of the main room and extends into the auxiliary room through the opening of the auxiliary room, so that an auxiliary room coordinate system associated with the main coordinate system can be established in the auxiliary room.

[0052] Furthermore, the external auxiliary lines are located in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system are located. The external auxiliary lines include a horizontal auxiliary line parallel to the x-axis and a vertical auxiliary line parallel to the y-axis. The intersection of the horizontal and vertical auxiliary lines is the external auxiliary point. The distance from the external auxiliary point to the refrigeration room is 0.5m to 1.5m.

[0053] Further, in step S4, determining the coordinate data of the equipment and pipeline specifically involves: the center point of the connection surface between the equipment and the pipeline being the measurement point, and the coordinates of the measurement point being used as coordinate installation data. The coordinate points of the equipment in the same row or column are located on the same straight line parallel to the axis, so that the distance between the measurement points of the equipment in the same row or column connected to the same straight pipeline and the pipeline is equal.

[0054] Furthermore, the reference planes of the x-axis and y-axis of the field coordinate system are higher than the ground plane.

[0055] Furthermore, the concrete foundation is based on the reference plane, and the height of the concrete foundation has a negative deviation, the deviation ranging from -3 to -10 mm.

[0056] The following are non-limiting embodiments of the present invention. Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a construction method for a refrigeration room, including the following steps: S1. On the architectural floor plan, based on one or more fixed structures, preset reference points are set. Specifically, on the architectural floor plan, a preset frame is set in the middle of the refrigeration room. The area of ​​the preset frame is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the floor area of ​​the refrigeration room. The preset reference points are set within the preset frame according to the fixed structures to reduce the distance and obstruction between the preset reference points and the walls. The fixed structures are walls, beams, columns, etc., within the refrigeration room.

[0058] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 The preset reference point is located within the preset frame. Specifically, a preset horizontal axis 100 and a preset vertical axis 200 are set to pass through the preset frame, such that the distance between the preset horizontal axis 100 and the preset vertical axis 200 and the geometric center of the preset frame 800 is minimized or coincides. When several fixed structures are provided on both sides of the preset horizontal axis 100 and the preset vertical axis 200, the preset horizontal axis 100 and the preset vertical axis 200 are adjusted to be equal to the distance between them and the nearest fixed structures on their respective sides. When several fixed structures are provided on one side of the preset horizontal axis 100 and the preset vertical axis 200, the preset horizontal axis 100 and the preset vertical axis 200 are adjusted to maintain a preset installation distance between them and the nearest fixed structure. The intersection of the preset horizontal axis 100 and the preset vertical axis 200 is the preset reference point 900.

[0059] S2. Within the construction site of the refrigeration room, establish site reference points based on the preset reference points, and establish a site three-dimensional coordinate system based on the site reference points;

[0060] Specifically, based on the preset reference point locations in the architectural floor plan, on-site reference points are determined and marked within the refrigeration room. A three-dimensional coordinate system is then established on-site, using these reference points as the origin. Furthermore, a laser rangefinder is used in conjunction with a horizontal tripod to establish the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system. The plane containing the laser height of the laser rangefinder serves as the reference plane for the z-axis. The reference planes for the x-axis and y-axis of the on-site coordinate system are located above the ground plane.

[0061] S3. Obtain the field coordinates of each fixed structure on the construction drawing based on the field three-dimensional coordinate system, and establish a three-dimensional model drawing corresponding to the field three-dimensional coordinate system; the origin of the coordinates in the three-dimensional model drawing is the main reference point, and the three-dimensional coordinate system established with the main reference point as the origin is the main coordinate system.

[0062] Specifically, the fixed structural positions of the refrigeration room are measured using the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system. Then, based on the actual on-site measurement data, a three-dimensional model of the room is created using BIM technology. This visualizes the building structure within the room, and the created three-dimensional model conforms to the actual on-site environment, ensuring that the equipment installation and positioning match expectations and reducing redundant adjustments and measurements on-site.

[0063] S4. Establish models of equipment and pipelines corresponding to their actual dimensions in a 3D model. Arrange the equipment and pipelines in the 3D model according to design requirements and obtain installation coordinate data for the equipment and pipelines. This also includes: using the area facing the fixed structure away from the reference point as an obstruction zone; when the equipment or pipeline is located within the obstruction zone, setting auxiliary reference points associated with the reference point at locations avoiding the obstruction zone. The equipment or pipeline eliminates measurement obstruction caused by the fixed structure through the auxiliary coordinate system corresponding to the auxiliary reference points. Setting auxiliary reference points associated with the reference point at locations avoiding the obstruction zone specifically involves: setting auxiliary horizontal and vertical axes parallel to the x-axis and y-axis respectively in the plane containing the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system. The intersection of the auxiliary horizontal and vertical axes is located on the side of the fixed structure away from the main reference point, and the auxiliary horizontal axis extends to the y-axis, while the auxiliary vertical axis extends to the x-axis. The intersection point is the auxiliary reference point.

[0064] The specific method for determining the coordinate data of equipment and pipelines is as follows: the center point of the interface between the equipment and pipeline is the measurement point, and the coordinates of the measurement point are used as the coordinate installation data. The coordinate points of equipment in the same row or column are located on the same straight line parallel to the axis, so that the distance between the measurement point of equipment in the same row or column connected to the same straight pipeline and the pipeline is equal.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in a non-limiting example, if the y-axis data of device 1 in the 3D model is obstructed by column 700 and cannot be measured, and the coordinate data of device 1 is (30, 10, 5), then the coordinates of the auxiliary reference point are set to (25, 5, 0), and an auxiliary 3D coordinate system is established. During on-site construction, device 1 can determine a new auxiliary coordinate (5, 5, 5) in the auxiliary 3D coordinate system. At this time, all coordinate data of device 1 in the auxiliary 3D coordinate system can be measured, i.e., it is not obstructed by column 700. Thus, when the coordinate data of the equipment and pipeline are both based on the same 3D coordinate system, the operators can accurately determine the position of device 1 without being affected by the fixed structure. Similarly, as... Figure 2 As shown, the coordinate data of both device 1 and device 2 can be measured without being obstructed by fixed structures, and their coordinate data are still based on the main coordinate system. S5. Locate the corresponding installation coordinates in the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system, and install the pipes and equipment according to the on-site coordinates. Furthermore, when pouring the concrete foundation on-site, the concrete foundation is based on the reference plane, and the deviation of the positioning and layout height of the concrete foundation is a negative deviation, ranging from -3 to -10 mm. A pipe port model for the equipment connection is pre-fabricated; after the equipment is installed, the pipe port model is installed to assist in the installation of the pipes.

[0066] The pipe fitting model used to connect the equipment is used to assist in the connection between the equipment and the pipeline. It can be a flange or bracket made of PVC material. Before the equipment is installed, the pipe fitting model is temporarily installed according to the coordinate information of the equipment's measurement points. When installing the equipment, the equipment position is finely adjusted and aligned according to the equipment pipe fitting model so that the equipment connection port matches it. This reduces the difficulty of connecting the equipment and the pipeline, improves the reliability of the connection, and avoids repeated measurements during the equipment positioning process.

[0067] This embodiment combines 3D model creation technology to provide a construction method for the measurement and positioning stage of refrigeration room construction, improving construction and installation accuracy and project quality, reducing errors, lowering the labor intensity of workers, and saving construction costs. Furthermore, the coordinate data of equipment and pipelines within the refrigeration room are all based on the same 3D coordinate system, facilitating position adjustments and overall control. Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a construction method for a refrigeration room, the steps of which are similar to those in Embodiment 1, except that: in step S4, the refrigeration room includes a main room and several auxiliary rooms with interconnected pipes. The main coordinate system 600 is established in the main room. The main room and auxiliary rooms are separated by walls. The main room and auxiliary rooms have outward openings. An external auxiliary line associated with the main coordinate system is provided outside the refrigeration room. The external auxiliary line extends outward through the opening in the main room and into the auxiliary rooms through the opening in the auxiliary rooms, so that an auxiliary room coordinate system associated with the main coordinate system can be established in the auxiliary rooms. The external auxiliary line is located in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system are located. The external auxiliary line includes a horizontal auxiliary line 400 parallel to the x-axis and a vertical auxiliary line 500 parallel to the y-axis. The intersection of the horizontal auxiliary line 400 and the vertical auxiliary line 500 is the external auxiliary point. The distance from the external auxiliary point to the refrigeration room is 0.5m to 1.5m.

[0069] Specifically, a secondary coordinate system needs to be established in the secondary room to determine the location of equipment and pipes within the secondary room. The setting of external auxiliary lines allows the secondary room coordinate system to be based on the three-dimensional coordinate system of the main room, so that the coordinate data of pipes and equipment in the secondary room are still referenced to the three-dimensional coordinate system of the main room, which facilitates position adjustment and overall control.

[0070] Non-restrictive examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the coordinates of intersection point 1 are (10, 15, 0), and the distance from intersection point 1 to the main room is 1m; the distance between intersection point 1 and intersection point 2 is 2m. If the origin coordinates of the secondary room coordinate system are set to (12, 15, 0), then the equipment and pipes in the secondary room can be located using the secondary room coordinate system as a reference, and their coordinate data are associated with the main coordinate system 600. Example 3

[0071] This embodiment provides a construction method for a refrigeration room, including the following steps: S1. On the architectural floor plan, based on one or more fixed structures, preset reference points are set. Specifically, on the architectural floor plan, a preset frame is set in the middle of the refrigeration room. The area of ​​the preset frame is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the floor area of ​​the refrigeration room. The preset reference points are set within the preset frame according to the fixed structures to reduce the distance and obstruction between the preset reference points and the walls. The fixed structures are walls, beams, columns, etc., within the refrigeration room.

[0072] The preset reference point is located within the preset frame. Specifically, a preset horizontal axis and a preset vertical axis are set to pass through the preset frame, such that the distance between the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis and the geometric center of the preset frame is minimized or coincides. When several fixed structures are provided on both sides of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to be equal to the distance between them and the nearest fixed structures on their respective sides. When several fixed structures are provided on one side of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to maintain a preset installation distance between them and the nearest fixed structures. The intersection of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis is the preset reference point.

[0073] S2. Within the construction site of the refrigeration room, establish site reference points based on the preset reference points, and establish a site three-dimensional coordinate system based on the site reference points;

[0074] Specifically, based on the preset reference point locations in the architectural floor plan, on-site reference points are determined and marked within the refrigeration room. A three-dimensional coordinate system is then established on-site, using these reference points as the origin. Furthermore, a laser rangefinder is used in conjunction with a horizontal tripod to establish the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system. The plane containing the laser height of the laser rangefinder serves as the reference plane for the z-axis. The reference planes for the x-axis and y-axis of the on-site coordinate system are located above the ground plane.

[0075] S3. Obtain the field coordinates of each fixed structure on the construction drawing based on the field three-dimensional coordinate system, and establish a three-dimensional model drawing corresponding to the field three-dimensional coordinate system; the origin of the coordinates in the three-dimensional model drawing is the main reference point, and the three-dimensional coordinate system established with the main reference point as the origin is the main coordinate system.

[0076] Specifically, the fixed structural positions of the refrigeration room are measured using the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system. Then, based on the actual on-site measurement data, a three-dimensional model of the room is created using BIM technology. This visualizes the building structure within the room, and the created three-dimensional model conforms to the actual on-site environment, ensuring that the equipment installation and positioning match expectations and reducing redundant adjustments and measurements on-site.

[0077] S4. Establish models of equipment and pipelines corresponding to their actual dimensions in a 3D model. Arrange the equipment and pipelines in the 3D model according to design requirements and obtain installation coordinate data for the equipment and pipelines. This also includes: using the area facing the fixed structure away from the reference point as an obstruction zone; when the equipment or pipeline is located within the obstruction zone, setting auxiliary reference points associated with the reference point at locations avoiding the obstruction zone. The equipment or pipeline eliminates measurement obstruction caused by the fixed structure through the auxiliary coordinate system corresponding to the auxiliary reference points. Setting auxiliary reference points associated with the reference point at locations avoiding the obstruction zone specifically involves: setting auxiliary horizontal and vertical axes parallel to the x-axis and y-axis respectively in the plane containing the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system. The intersection of the auxiliary horizontal and vertical axes is located on the side of the fixed structure away from the main reference point, and the auxiliary horizontal axis extends to the y-axis, while the auxiliary vertical axis extends to the x-axis. The intersection point is the auxiliary reference point.

[0078] The specific steps for determining the coordinate data of equipment and pipelines are as follows: the center point of the equipment and pipeline connection surface is used as the measurement point, and the coordinates of the measurement point are used as the coordinate installation data. The coordinate points of equipment in the same row or column are located on the same straight line parallel to the axis, so that the distance between the measurement point of equipment in the same row or column connected to the same straight pipeline and the pipeline is equal. Using BIM technology, the fabrication drawings of pipelines, fittings, and supports are exported in sections. Combined with the summary table of support and pipe section information, an independent QR code is generated for each support and pipe section, which is then affixed to the surface of the finished product and pipe section. S5. Locate the corresponding installation coordinates in the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system, and install the pipes and equipment according to the on-site coordinates. Furthermore, when pouring the concrete foundation on-site, the concrete foundation is based on the reference plane, and the deviation of the positioning and layout height of the concrete foundation is a negative deviation, ranging from -3 to -10 mm. A pipe port model for the equipment connection is pre-fabricated; after the equipment is installed, the pipe port model is installed to assist in the installation of the pipes.

[0079] Specifically, for establishing models of equipment and pipelines corresponding to actual dimensions, the factory breaks down the pipe fittings based on the models. Firstly, a long pipe is broken down into fittings such as elbows, tees, and straight sections, with fittings of the same diameter and type standardized. Each fitting is numbered, its specifications are statistically analyzed and listed, processing drawings and processing and assembly process requirements are drawn, and finally, QR codes are generated according to the information summary table. Secondly, the processing accuracy control requirements for pipe fittings are clearly defined. In principle, adjacent pipe groups (including pipe sections with fittings) on the same pipeline are subject to positive and negative error control respectively, which facilitates processing and can eliminate cumulative errors during on-site assembly. Thirdly, because the pipes in large refrigeration rooms are long and have large diameters, typically ranging from 200mm to 500mm, pipe cutting should preferably use sawing machines, plasma cutting, laser cutting equipment, and other methods. Their processing accuracy is generally less than 20 microns, fully meeting the design error requirements. During processing, test pieces are made first to determine whether the error is positive or negative, which is directly related to the machine tool's operating conditions. Fourth, purchased finished pipe fittings such as valves, flexible joints, and stamped elbows must be measured and verified. Even fittings from the same manufacturer and from the same batch may have variations due to different molds. During pipe fabrication, error correction should be considered. Valves or elbows can be assembled with a section of straight pipe in the fabrication area, allowing for error correction within the straight pipe section. This ensures that the assembled pipe section matches the design parameters. Fifth, during pipe fabrication, the length error should be within 0 to -2mm. This error can be corrected during flange assembly, but the adjustment range should not exceed 4mm. Sixth, after welding a set of pipes and fittings, a re-measurement should be performed. After the re-measurement, install the flanges at both ends. This flange installation also provides an opportunity to correct the re-measurement results.

[0080] Determining the coordinate data of equipment and pipelines involves using the coordinates of the connection points as the equipment coordinates. These connection points are crucial for installation; for example, the center of the flange end face of a water pump connection is used as the measurement point. Using traditional equipment base center-axis positioning or center projection positioning can lead to positioning errors at the connection points due to the selection of equipment from different manufacturers. Measurement points should be aligned as much as possible, and the distance from each measurement point to the pipeline should be equal. Specifically, the equipment should be fine-tuned until the measurement point coordinates are integers, and the coordinate data of measurement points for similar or identical equipment should be as consistent as possible. For example, the x-axis coordinates or y-axis coordinates should be consistent. Furthermore, for example, the z-axis coordinates of the center of the air conditioning unit or water pump pipeline connection should be consistent, and the flange end faces at the cooling water pump connection should be on the same x-axis or y-axis with uniform spacing. This helps reduce the measurement difficulty and workload during installation and improves installation accuracy.

[0081] The basic construction includes equipment foundation construction, drainage ditch location, ground leveling layer height positioning and layout, and vibration damping platform positioning and measurement. The deviations in the concrete foundation positioning, drainage ditch location, and ground leveling layer height are all negative, ranging from -3 to -10 mm. This design facilitates easy adjustment of the equipment position during subsequent adjustments. Furthermore, considering that bulging and grout leakage may occur during concrete pouring, leading to uneven edges, the formwork size can be reduced by 1-2 cm during formwork erection to ensure even mortar leveling later. After the ground leveling layer is completed, the water pump vibration damping platform is positioned and measured. The positioning parameters are checked against the design parameters to ensure horizontal alignment. The installation height of the vibration damping platform is controlled within 2-5 mm after leveling.

[0082] Regarding equipment placement, preferably, forklifts, cranes, pre-embedded hooks, prefabricated gantry cranes, etc., can be used for equipment hoisting. Due to the weight of the equipment, it should first be hoisted and placed on the foundation according to the positioning line. During equipment installation and positioning, a pipe connection model can be pre-fabricated, such as a PVC flange and bracket. A laser rangefinder can be used for temporary positioning, and then the equipment can be fine-tuned to ensure the connection matches. This positioning method is convenient and reliable, and avoids repeated measurements and multiple repositioning during the equipment positioning process. For height and level adjustment: After horizontal positioning, continue to adjust the height and level of the air conditioning unit. Use a laser level to calibrate the level, and use shims to positively adjust the height of the equipment's channel steel base, ensuring the equipment connection perfectly matches the pipe model interface. During adjustment, pay attention to maintaining the levelness of the equipment base. After completion, let the equipment stand for 24 hours to allow the vibration damping device to reach a stable state, then re-measure and adjust the height. Using this method to adjust the equipment position, the accuracy can reach 1-2 mm. When installing and positioning the air conditioning water pump on the vibration damping platform, it can be hoisted using the pipe supports above it and a pulley system. Alternatively, a pipe connection model can be used for positioning. It is important to note that because the springs on the vibration damping platform are elastic, the pipe connection model should not be fixed to the platform during positioning. Once the horizontal positioning adjustment is complete, adjust the height. At this point, the water pump should be fully seated on the vibration damping platform with the damping springs compressed. After measuring the height difference, use ordinary shims and angled shims to adjust the height in the positive direction until it perfectly matches the pipe connection model. After standing for 24 hours, remeasure.

[0083] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a refrigeration room, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Set preset reference points on the architectural plan construction drawings based on one or more fixed structures; S2. Within the construction site of the refrigeration room, establish site reference points based on the preset reference points, and establish a site three-dimensional coordinate system based on the site reference points; S3. Obtain the field coordinates of each fixed structure on the construction drawing based on the field three-dimensional coordinate system, and establish a three-dimensional model drawing corresponding to the field three-dimensional coordinate system; the origin of the coordinates in the three-dimensional model drawing is the main reference point, and the three-dimensional coordinate system established with the main reference point as the origin is the main coordinate system. S4. Create models of equipment and pipelines in the 3D model that correspond to the actual dimensions, arrange the equipment and pipelines in the 3D model according to the design requirements, and obtain the installation coordinate data of the equipment and pipelines. S5. Locate the corresponding installation coordinates in the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system, and install the pipelines and equipment according to the on-site coordinates; In step S1, a preset reference point is set, specifically: on the building floor plan, a preset frame is set in the middle of the refrigeration room. The area of ​​the preset frame is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the floor area of ​​the refrigeration room. The preset reference point is set in the preset frame according to the fixed structure to reduce the distance and obstruction between the preset reference point and the wall. The preset reference point is set within the preset frame, specifically by setting a preset horizontal axis and a preset vertical axis that pass through the preset frame, such that the distance between the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis and the geometric center of the preset frame is minimized or coincides. When several fixed structures are provided on both sides of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to be equal to the distance between them and the fixed structures closest to them on their respective sides. When several fixed structures are provided on one side of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis, the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis are adjusted to maintain a preset installation distance between them and the fixed structures closest to them. The intersection of the preset horizontal axis and the preset vertical axis is the preset reference point; In step S4, the method further includes: taking the area facing the side of the fixed structure away from the reference point as the obstruction area; when the equipment or pipeline is located in the obstruction area, setting an auxiliary reference point associated with the reference point at a location that avoids the obstruction area; and eliminating the measurement obstruction caused by the fixed structure through the auxiliary coordinate system corresponding to the auxiliary reference point. In the area away from the obstruction, an auxiliary reference point associated with the reference point is set. Specifically, in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system are located, an auxiliary horizontal axis and an auxiliary vertical axis are set parallel to the x-axis and y-axis respectively. The intersection of the auxiliary horizontal axis and the auxiliary vertical axis is located on the side of the fixed structure away from the main reference point. The auxiliary horizontal axis extends to the y-axis, and the auxiliary vertical axis extends to the x-axis. The intersection point is the auxiliary reference point. In step S4, the following is also included: the refrigeration room includes a main room and several auxiliary rooms with interconnected pipes, the main coordinate system is established in the main room, the main room and auxiliary rooms are separated by walls, the main room and auxiliary rooms are provided with openings that connect to the outside, the refrigeration room is provided with an external auxiliary line associated with the main coordinate system, the external auxiliary line extends outward through the opening of the main room and extends into the auxiliary room through the opening of the auxiliary room, so that an auxiliary room coordinate system associated with the main coordinate system can be established in the auxiliary room; The external auxiliary lines are set in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis of the main coordinate system are located. The external auxiliary lines include horizontal auxiliary lines parallel to the x-axis and vertical auxiliary lines parallel to the y-axis. The intersection of the horizontal auxiliary lines and the vertical auxiliary lines is the external auxiliary point. In step S4, determining the coordinate data of the equipment and pipeline specifically involves: the center point of the connection surface between the equipment and the pipeline is the measurement point, and the coordinates of the measurement point are used as coordinate installation data. The coordinate points of the equipment in the same row or column are located on the same straight line parallel to the axis, so that the distance between the measurement point of the equipment in the same row or column connected to the same straight pipeline and the pipeline is equal.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance from the external auxiliary point to the refrigeration room is 0.5m to 1.5m.

3. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference planes of the x-axis and y-axis of the on-site three-dimensional coordinate system are higher than the ground plane.

4. The construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The concrete foundation is constructed based on the reference plane, and the height of the concrete foundation has a negative deviation, which ranges from -3 to -10 mm.

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