A thermal management system and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of heat management systems, including compressor, condenser, first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, first electronic expansion valve, the system further includes first gas-liquid separator. A kind of method for controlling heat management system, a kind of vehicle and a kind of computer readable storage medium are also disclosed. By setting two heat exchangers, passenger compartment can be heated while defrosting, so as to improve the experience of user. By setting first gas-liquid separator, liquid refrigerant flowing out from first heat exchanger can be returned to heating circuit in first mode, improve the flow of refrigerant flowing into second heat exchanger, and then improve heating efficiency. The first mode is the mode of defrosting and heating passenger compartment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicles, and more particularly to a thermal management system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, electric vehicles have seen increasingly widespread applications in the field of power electronics. Electric vehicles achieve their range and driving by storing electrical energy, allowing users to charge them at home. Compared to traditional cars, electric vehicles not only benefit the environment but also eliminate the need for users to refuel at gas stations, thus improving the convenience of their lives.

[0003] To improve vehicle safety, comfort, and overall performance, a thermal management system is needed to control the temperature of the passenger compartment and drive system (e.g., battery). When an electric vehicle's thermal management system heats the passenger compartment, the heat exchanger needs to absorb heat from the environment, thus posing a risk of frosting. Defrosting the heat exchanger can be done by switching to cooling mode or using hot gas bypass, but both methods have drawbacks. Switching to cooling mode for defrosting draws heat from the passenger compartment, severely impacting the user experience. Using hot gas bypass for defrosting cannot simultaneously heat the passenger compartment. Therefore, how to simultaneously defrost the heat exchanger and heat the passenger compartment to improve the user experience is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a thermal management system and a vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect, a thermal management system is provided, comprising:

[0006] A compressor includes an inlet and an outlet. The compressor is used to compress the refrigerant that enters through the inlet and to output the compressed refrigerant through the outlet.

[0007] The condenser includes a first interface (1) and a second interface (2), the second interface (2) being connected to the output port.

[0008] The first heat exchanger includes a third port (3) and a fourth port (4), the third port (3) being connected to the output port and the fourth port (4) being connected to the input port.

[0009] The second heat exchanger includes a fifth port (5) and a sixth port (6), with the sixth port (6) connected to the inlet port.

[0010] The first electronic expansion valve includes a seventh interface (7) and an eighth interface (8), the seventh interface (7) being connected to the first interface (1) and the eighth interface (8) being connected to the fifth interface (5).

[0011] According to the scheme proposed in this application, by setting up two heat exchangers, the passenger compartment can be heated while defrosting, thereby improving the user experience.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0013] The first gas-liquid separator includes a ninth interface (9), a tenth interface (10), and an eleventh interface (11). The ninth interface (9) is connected to the fourth interface (4), the tenth interface (10) is connected to the fifth interface (5), and the eleventh interface (11) is connected to the input port. Among them, the tenth interface (10) is the liquid output port of the first gas-liquid separator.

[0014] According to the solution of this application, by setting a first gas-liquid separator, the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger in the first mode can be returned to the heating circuit, thereby increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger and thus improving the heating efficiency.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0016] The second electronic expansion valve includes a twelfth port (12) and a thirteenth port (13), the twelfth port (12) being connected to the fifth port (5), and the thirteenth port (13) being connected to the tenth port (10).

[0017] According to the scheme of this application, by setting a second electronic expansion valve between the fifth interface and the tenth interface, the function of throttling and reducing pressure can be achieved.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the flow rate of liquid refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger can be adjusted via a second electronic expansion valve.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0020] The first solenoid valve includes a fourteenth port (14) and a fifteenth port (15), the fourteenth port (14) being connected to the thirteenth port (13), and the fifteenth port (15) being connected to the tenth port (10).

[0021] According to the solution of this application, when the second electronic expansion valve does not have a shut-off function, the first solenoid valve can be used to achieve the shut-off function.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0023] The third electronic expansion valve includes a sixteenth port (16) and a seventeenth port (17), the sixteenth port (16) being connected to the third port (3) and the seventeenth port (17) being connected to the output port.

[0024] According to the solution provided in this application, by setting a third electronic expansion valve, the refrigerant pressure that flows into the compressor in the first mode can be reduced by throttling.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, in the first direction, the first heat exchanger is located upstream of the second heat exchanger, and the first direction is the direction of air flow.

[0026] According to the scheme of this application, in a first direction, the first heat exchanger is located upstream of the second heat exchanger. In the first mode, when air flows, it first flows through the first heat exchanger and then through the second heat exchanger. The air is heated after flowing through the first heat exchanger, so the air temperature around the second heat exchanger will increase, which can reduce the probability of frost / ice formation on the second heat exchanger to a certain extent in the second mode.

[0027] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0028] The fan is located downstream of the second heat exchanger in the first direction, and the fan is used to circulate air in the first direction.

[0029] According to the scheme of this application, by setting up a fan, the airflow in the first direction can be accelerated.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal management system further includes: a fourth electronic expansion valve, including an eighteenth interface (18) and a nineteenth interface (19), the eighteenth interface (18) being connected to the first interface (1) and the nineteenth interface (19) being connected to the third interface (3).

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the thermal management system further includes: a first controller.

[0032] In the first mode, the first controller controls the opening of the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, and the first solenoid valve, and controls the closing of the fourth electronic expansion valve. The first mode is a defrosting mode that heats the occupant compartment.

[0033] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, in the second mode, the first controller is used to control the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, and the first solenoid valve to close, and to control the fourth electronic expansion valve to open, and the second mode is a mode for heating the crew cabin.

[0034] Secondly, a method for controlling a thermal management system is provided, the thermal management system comprising:

[0035] A compressor includes an inlet and an outlet. The compressor is used to compress the refrigerant that enters through the inlet and to output the compressed refrigerant through the outlet.

[0036] The condenser includes a first interface (1) and a second interface (2), the second interface (2) being connected to the output port.

[0037] The first heat exchanger includes a third port (3) and a fourth port (4), the third port (3) being connected to the output port and the fourth port (4) being connected to the input port.

[0038] The second heat exchanger includes a fifth port (5) and a sixth port (6), with the sixth port (6) connected to the inlet port.

[0039] The first electronic expansion valve includes a seventh interface (7) and an eighth interface (8), the seventh interface (7) being connected to the first interface (1) and the eighth interface (8) being connected to the fifth interface (5).

[0040] The method includes:

[0041] Receive the first instruction. Based on the first instruction, control the first electronic expansion valve to open.

[0042] It should be understood that the first command instructs the thermal management system to operate in a first mode, which is a mode of defrosting and heating the crew compartment.

[0043] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0044] The first gas-liquid separator includes a ninth interface (9), a tenth interface (10), and an eleventh interface (11). The ninth interface (9) is connected to the fourth interface (4), the tenth interface (10) is connected to the fifth interface (5), and the eleventh interface (11) is connected to the input port. Among them, the tenth interface (10) is the liquid output port of the first gas-liquid separator, and the eleventh interface (11) is the gas output port of the first gas-liquid separator.

[0045] The second electronic expansion valve includes a twelfth port (12) and a thirteenth port (13), the twelfth port (12) being connected to the fifth port (5), and the thirteenth port (13) being connected to the tenth port (10).

[0046] The method also includes:

[0047] According to the first instruction, control the second electronic expansion valve to open.

[0048] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0049] The first solenoid valve includes a fourteenth port (14) and a fifteenth port (15), the fourteenth port (14) being connected to the thirteenth port (13), and the fifteenth port (15) being connected to the tenth port (10).

[0050] The method also includes:

[0051] According to the first instruction, control the first solenoid valve to open.

[0052] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0053] The third electronic expansion valve includes a sixteenth port (16) and a seventeenth port (17), the sixteenth port (16) being connected to the third port (3) and the seventeenth port (17) being connected to the output port.

[0054] The method also includes:

[0055] According to the first instruction, control the third electronic expansion valve to open.

[0056] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, in the first direction, the first heat exchanger is located upstream of the second heat exchanger, and the first direction is the direction of air flow.

[0057] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the thermal management system further includes a fan. The method further includes controlling the fan to turn on according to a first instruction, thereby allowing air to circulate in a first direction.

[0058] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the thermal management system further includes:

[0059] The fourth electronic expansion valve includes an eighteenth interface (18) and a nineteenth interface (19), the eighteenth interface (18) being connected to the first interface (1) and the nineteenth interface (19) being connected to the third interface (3).

[0060] The method also includes:

[0061] According to the first instruction, control the fourth electronic expansion valve to close.

[0062] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes:

[0063] Obtain the second instruction. Based on the second instruction, control the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, and the first solenoid valve to close, and control the fourth electronic expansion valve to open.

[0064] It should be understood that the second instruction instructs the thermal management system to operate in a second mode, which is a mode for heating the crew compartment.

[0065] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes:

[0066] A first signal is acquired from the first sensor. Based on the first signal, the flow rate of refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger is adjusted.

[0067] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger according to the first signal includes:

[0068] Based on the first signal, at least one of the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, and the third electronic expansion valve is controlled to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger.

[0069] It should be understood that the first sensor can be a pressure sensor and / or a temperature sensor, and can be installed at the fifth and / or sixth interface of the second heat exchanger to monitor the flow rate of the refrigerant through the second heat exchanger. When the flow rate of the refrigerant through the second heat exchanger is too high or too low, at least one of the first to third electronic expansion valves can be controlled to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant through the second heat exchanger.

[0070] It should be understood that, in one possible implementation, the first electronic expansion valve and / or the second electronic expansion valve can be adjusted without adjusting the second electronic expansion valve, so that the liquid refrigerant in the first gas-liquid separator can flow back into the heating circuit, thereby improving the refrigerant utilization efficiency.

[0071] Thirdly, a vehicle is provided that includes a thermal management system as described in the first aspect or various implementations thereof.

[0072] Fourthly, a controller is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, causing a communication device to perform the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0073] Fifthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, comprising a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0074] A sixth aspect provides a chip system comprising: at least one processor for executing a computer program or instructions in a memory, such that the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect is implemented. Attached Figure Description

[0075] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the thermal management system proposed in this application is shown.

[0076] Figure 2 A diagram illustrating the refrigerant circulation process in the thermal management system under the first mode is shown.

[0077] Figure 3 A diagram illustrating the refrigerant circulation process in the thermal management system under the second mode is shown.

[0078] Figure 4 The diagram shows the refrigerant circulation process in the thermal management system under the third mode.

[0079] Figure 5 The diagram shows the refrigerant circulation process in the thermal management system under the fourth mode.

[0080] Figure 6 The diagram shows the refrigerant circulation process in the thermal management system under the fifth mode.

[0081] Figure 7 The diagram shows the refrigerant circulation process in the thermal management system under the sixth mode.

[0082] Figure 8 The diagram shows the refrigerant circulation process in the thermal management system under the seventh mode. Detailed Implementation

[0083] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] The thermal management system provided in this application is applicable to electric vehicles. An electric vehicle is a vehicle that is driven by an electric drive. Electric vehicles can be pure electric vehicles (pure EV / battery EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), range-extended electric vehicles (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), or new energy vehicles (NEV), etc.

[0085] The thermal management system of this application can use a refrigerant to heat or cool the managed object. For example, the managed object can be a passenger compartment or a battery. In this application, the refrigerant is used to transfer heat energy, or in other words, the refrigerant can transfer heat through evaporation and condensation.

[0086] Figure 1 A schematic structure of the thermal management system proposed in this application is shown, which may include a refrigerant circulation system.

[0087] Below, in conjunction with Figure 1 The components and their connections in the thermal management system provided in this application are described. Figure 1 Numbers 1 to 33 in the diagram correspond to interfaces 1 to 33 in the following text. This thermal management system includes, but is not limited to, the following components:

[0088] A. Compressor

[0089] A compressor is a machine that compresses gas and simultaneously increases its pressure. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the compressor includes an inlet and an outlet.

[0090] Low-temperature gaseous refrigerant can enter the compressor through the inlet. The compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant, changing it from a low-temperature gaseous state to a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous state. The compressed refrigerant is then discharged through the outlet.

[0091] B. Condenser and Evaporator

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, the condenser includes a first interface and a second interface. The first interface is connected to the eighteenth interface of the first electronic expansion valve and the seventh interface of the second electronic expansion valve, and the second interface is connected to the output port.

[0093] When the damper (not shown in the diagram) at the condenser is open, the condenser cools the refrigerant, changing it from a gaseous to a liquid state. It should be understood that the process of the refrigerant changing from a gaseous to a liquid state releases heat into the environment.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, the evaporator includes a thirtieth port and a thirty-first port. The thirtieth port is connected to the twenty-third port of the four-way valve described below, and the thirty-first port is connected to the thirty-second port of the sixth electronic expansion valve described below.

[0095] An evaporator is used to evaporate liquid refrigerant, changing it from a liquid to a gaseous state. It should be understood that this process requires the refrigerant to absorb heat from the environment.

[0096] In one possible implementation, the condenser and the evaporator are separate devices.

[0097] In another possible implementation, the condenser and evaporator can be the same device, which acts as a condenser during heating and as an evaporator during cooling.

[0098] In the thermal management system of this application, the condenser and evaporator are separate devices. However, those skilled in the art, based on the concept of this application, can implement the functions of both the condenser and evaporator with a single device, and this solution should also be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0099] C. Electronic expansion valve

[0100] An electronic expansion valve is a device that uses an electrical signal generated by the regulated parameter to control the voltage or current applied to the valve, thereby controlling the flow of refrigerant. When the electronic expansion valve is open, it functions to throttle and reduce pressure.

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system of this application includes a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a third electronic expansion valve, a fourth electronic expansion valve, a fifth electronic expansion valve, and a sixth electronic expansion valve.

[0102] The first electronic expansion valve includes a seventh port and an eighth port. The seventh port is connected to the first port described above, and the eighth port is connected to the fifth port of the second heat exchanger described below. It should be understood that the first electronic expansion valve can be integrated with the second heat exchanger or separated from it; this application does not limit this.

[0103] The second electronic expansion valve includes a twelfth port and a thirteenth port. The twelfth port is connected to the fifth port of the second heat exchanger described below, and the thirteenth port can be connected to the tenth port of the first gas-liquid separator described below through the third solenoid valve described below.

[0104] In one possible implementation, the second electronic expansion valve can also be integrated with the second heat exchanger.

[0105] Another possible implementation is that when both the first and second electronic expansion valves are integrated with the second heat exchanger, one electronic expansion valve can be saved, reducing costs. When the electronic expansion valve is integrated at the fifth interface of the second heat exchanger, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the first port of the condenser is connected to the fifth port of the second heat exchanger, and the tenth port of the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the fifth port of the second heat exchanger through the first solenoid valve. This application does not limit the scope of the comparison.

[0106] The third electronic expansion valve includes a sixteenth port and a seventeenth port. The sixteenth port is connected to the third port of the first heat exchanger described below, and the seventeenth port is connected to the aforementioned output port.

[0107] The fourth electronic expansion valve includes an eighteenth port and a nineteenth port. The eighteenth port is connected to the first port described above, and the nineteenth port is connected to the third port of the first heat exchanger described below. It should be understood that the fourth electronic expansion valve can be integrated with the first heat exchanger described below, or it can be separated from the first heat exchanger; this application does not limit this.

[0108] The fifth electronic expansion valve includes a twenty-eighth port and a twenty-ninth port. The twenty-eighth port is connected to the twenty-fifth port of the plate heat exchanger described below, and the twenty-ninth port is connected to the second solenoid valve and the second gas-liquid separator described below.

[0109] The sixth electronic expansion valve includes a thirty-second interface and a thirty-third interface. The thirty-second interface is connected to the thirty-first interface mentioned above, and the thirty-third interface is connected to the second solenoid valve and the second gas-liquid separator mentioned below.

[0110] D. Heat exchanger

[0111] A heat exchanger (also known as a heat exchanger or heat exchange equipment) is a device used to transfer heat from a hot fluid to a cold fluid to meet specified process requirements. It is an industrial application of convective heat transfer and heat conduction.

[0112] like Figure 1 As shown, the refrigerant can absorb heat from the first heat exchanger and change from a liquid state to a gaseous state.

[0113] The first heat exchanger includes a third port and a fourth port. Refrigerant can enter the first heat exchanger through the third port and exit through the fourth port.

[0114] The third interface is connected to the nineteenth interface of the fourth electronic expansion valve, and also to the sixteenth interface of the third electronic expansion valve.

[0115] The fourth interface is indirectly connected to the compressor's input port via the first gas-liquid separator described below. Specifically, the fourth interface is connected to the ninth interface of the first gas-liquid separator described below, and the compressor's input port is connected to the eleventh interface of the first gas-liquid separator described below.

[0116] like Figure 1 As shown, in one scenario, the second heat exchanger is used to cool the gaseous refrigerant, causing it to change from a gaseous state to a liquid state. In this case, the second heat exchanger can be considered as a condenser.

[0117] In another scenario, the second heat exchanger is used to evaporate the liquid refrigerant, changing it from a liquid to a gaseous state. In this case, the second heat exchanger can be considered an evaporator.

[0118] The second heat exchanger includes a fifth port and a sixth port. The fifth port is connected to the eighth port of the first electronic expansion valve and is also connected to the twelfth port of the second electronic expansion valve. The sixth port can be indirectly connected to the compressor input port through other devices.

[0119] E. Gas-liquid separator

[0120] A gas-liquid separator is a device used to separate the gas and liquid components in a gas-liquid mixture. Commonly used separation methods include gravity sedimentation, baffle separation, centrifugal separation, wire mesh separation, ultrafiltration, and packing material separation.

[0121] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system may include a first gas-liquid separator, which includes a ninth interface, a tenth interface, and an eleventh interface. The ninth interface is connected to the fourth interface of the first heat exchanger, the tenth interface is indirectly connected to the thirteenth interface of the second electronic expansion valve, and the eleventh interface is indirectly connected to the input port of the compressor. Specifically, the tenth interface is the liquid output port of the first gas-liquid separator, and the eleventh interface is the gas output port of the first gas-liquid separator.

[0122] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system may further include a second gas-liquid separator and a third gas-liquid separator. The inlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the sixth port of the second heat exchanger via a third solenoid valve, and the gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the twenty-first port of the four-way valve, the twenty-ninth port of the fifth electronic expansion valve, and the thirty-third port of the sixth electronic expansion valve. The inlet of the third gas-liquid separator is connected to the twentyth port of the four-way valve via a fifth solenoid valve, and the gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor.

[0123] By installing a gas-liquid separator in the thermal management system, the compressor can be protected and liquid slugging can be prevented.

[0124] F. Solenoid valve

[0125] In the thermal management system of this application, the solenoid valve serves a flow function. That is, when the solenoid valve is open, refrigerant can flow through it; when the solenoid valve is closed, refrigerant cannot flow through it.

[0126] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system of this application includes a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a fifth solenoid valve, and a sixth solenoid valve. In one possible implementation, the thermal management system may further include a first solenoid valve.

[0127] The first solenoid valve includes a fourteenth interface and a fifteenth interface. The fourteenth interface is connected to the thirteenth interface of the second electronic expansion valve, and the fifteenth interface is connected to the tenth interface of the first gas-liquid separator.

[0128] The inlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the sixth port of the second heat exchanger, and the outlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the twenty-first port of the four-way valve, the twenty-ninth port of the fifth electronic expansion valve, and the thirty-third port of the sixth electronic expansion valve. The second solenoid valve is connected in parallel with the third solenoid valve and the second gas-liquid separator.

[0129] The inlet of the third solenoid valve is connected to the sixth port of the second heat exchanger, and the outlet of the third solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the second gas-liquid separator.

[0130] The input port of the fourth solenoid valve is connected to the twentieth port of the four-way valve described below, and the output port of the fourth solenoid valve is connected to the input port of the compressor.

[0131] The input port of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the twentieth port of the four-way valve described below, and the output port of the fifth solenoid valve is connected to the input port of the third gas-liquid separator described above.

[0132] The input port of the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the first interface of the aforementioned condenser, and the output port of the sixth solenoid valve is connected to the fifth interface of the aforementioned second heat exchanger. The sixth solenoid valve is connected in parallel with the first electronic expansion valve.

[0133] G. Four-way valve

[0134] like Figure 1 As shown, the four-way valve includes ports 20 to 23. Port 22 is connected to port 24 of the plate heat exchanger described below, and the connection relationships of the remaining ports are as described above.

[0135] In addition to the aforementioned devices, the thermal management system provided in this application also includes a plate heat exchanger, a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater, a water pump, and a battery heat exchange device. The outlet of the water pump is connected to the twenty-seventh port of the plate heat exchanger, and the PTC heater is connected to the twenty-sixth port of the plate heat exchanger. The PTC heater, the battery heat exchange device, and the water pump are connected in series.

[0136] Furthermore, the thermal management system provided in this application also includes a first controller (not shown in the figure), which is used to receive instructions indicating the operating mode of the thermal management system. The first controller controls the aforementioned device according to the received instructions, enabling the thermal management system provided in this application to support at least seven modes. For example, the first controller can acquire a first instruction instructing the thermal management system to operate in a first mode. As another example, the first controller can acquire a second instruction instructing the thermal management system to operate in a second mode.

[0137] Among these seven modes, the first mode is for defrosting and heating the passenger compartment, the second mode is for heating the passenger compartment, the third mode is for defrosting, the fourth mode is for heating the battery, the fifth mode is for cooling the battery, the sixth mode is for cooling the passenger compartment, and the seventh mode is for cooling both the passenger compartment and the battery simultaneously.

[0138] The following sections will provide a detailed introduction to each of the seven modes.

[0139] First mode: (Defrosting and heating the crew cabin)

[0140] In order to simultaneously heat the crew compartment while defrosting the first heat exchanger, the thermal management system is designed with a first mode.

[0141] In the first mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the ON state:

[0142] The system includes a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a third electronic expansion valve, a first solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, and the twentieth and twenty-first ports of a four-way valve.

[0143] In addition, the first controller controls the opening of the damper at the condenser to enable the condenser to exchange heat; that is, in the first mode, the condenser performs the condensation function.

[0144] In the first mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the off state:

[0145] Fourth electronic expansion valve, fifth electronic expansion valve, sixth electronic expansion valve, second solenoid valve, fifth solenoid valve, sixth solenoid valve, water pump, PTC heater.

[0146] The refrigerant circulation process in the first mode is described below:

[0147] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output from the compressor outlet is divided into two paths, referred to as the first refrigerant path and the second refrigerant path.

[0148] The first stream of refrigerant flows into the condenser from the second port, releasing the heat it carries into the passenger compartment, thus heating the air there. After passing through the condenser, the first stream of refrigerant becomes a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which then flows out from the first port. This high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through the first electronic expansion valve, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. This low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the second heat exchanger through the fifth port, absorbing heat from the environment and becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. At this point, the second heat exchanger functions as an evaporator. Then, the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant sequentially passes through the third solenoid valve, the second gas-liquid separator, the twenty-first and twentyth ports of the four-way valve, and the fourth solenoid valve, flowing into the compressor from the compressor's inlet, completing the first stream of refrigerant's circulation process in the first mode.

[0149] The second refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger through the third electronic expansion valve, entering from the third port and exiting from the fourth port. The high temperature of the refrigerant melts the frost / ice on the surface of the first heat exchanger. In this case, the first heat exchanger only serves a conductive function. Then, the second refrigerant flows through the first gas-liquid separator, which separates the gaseous and liquid refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant from the second refrigerant flows sequentially through the eleventh port of the first gas-liquid separator, the twenty-first and twentyth ports of the four-way valve, and the fourth solenoid valve, before flowing into the compressor through the compressor's inlet. The liquid refrigerant from the second refrigerant flows sequentially through the tenth port of the first gas-liquid separator, the first solenoid valve, and the second electronic expansion valve, before flowing into the second heat exchanger through the fifth port, where it works together with the first refrigerant to heat the passenger compartment.

[0150] In one possible implementation, the flow rate of liquid refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger can be adjusted via a second electronic expansion valve.

[0151] According to the scheme of this application, by setting a first gas-liquid separator, the liquid refrigerant in the defrosting circuit can be returned to the heating circuit, increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger, thereby improving the heating efficiency.

[0152] In another possible implementation, the thermal management system does not include the branch consisting of the tenth port of the first gas-liquid separator, the first solenoid valve, and the second electronic expansion valve. In this case, in the first mode, the second refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger from the third port through the third electronic expansion valve, using the high temperature of the refrigerant to melt the frost / ice on the surface of the first heat exchanger. Then, the second refrigerant flows into the compressor from the compressor inlet sequentially through the first gas-liquid separator, the twenty-first and twenty ports of the four-way valve, and the fourth solenoid valve, completing the circulation process of the second refrigerant in the thermal management system.

[0153] Based on the above description, in the first mode, the second heat exchanger heats the crew compartment and defrosts the first heat exchanger, thereby achieving simultaneous defrosting and crew compartment heating.

[0154] In one possible implementation, the first heat exchanger is located upstream of the second heat exchanger in a first direction, which is the direction of airflow. Preferably, the first and second heat exchangers can be placed side by side. Preferably, a fan (not shown in the figure) is provided in the first direction, located downstream of the second heat exchanger. When the fan is turned on, air flows in the first direction. With the above arrangement, the air passes through the first heat exchanger first and then the second heat exchanger during airflow. The air is heated after flowing through the first heat exchanger, thus increasing the air temperature around the second heat exchanger, which can reduce the probability of frost / ice formation on the second heat exchanger in the first mode to some extent. In addition, after the air is heated by the first heat exchanger, the heat stored therein is transferred to the second heat exchanger for waste heat recovery, which can improve the efficiency of heating the occupant compartment.

[0155] In another possible implementation, in addition to the above method, fins can be installed between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to transfer the heat of the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger through heat conduction, thereby further reducing the probability of frost / ice formation on the second heat exchanger.

[0156] In another possible implementation, a first heat source (not shown in the figure) can also be installed at the second heat exchanger. In the first mode, the first controller controls the first heat source to work and generate heat, thereby reducing the probability of frost / ice formation on the second heat exchanger.

[0157] In one possible implementation, a first sensor may be installed at the fifth and / or sixth ports of the second heat exchanger. This first sensor may be a pressure sensor and / or a temperature sensor.

[0158] The first controller can adjust the flow rate of refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger based on a first signal obtained from the first sensor. For example, the first controller can control at least one of the first electronic expansion valve to the third electronic expansion valve based on the first signal, thereby adjusting the flow rate of refrigerant through the second heat exchanger.

[0159] It should be understood that, in one possible implementation, the first controller can adjust the first electronic expansion valve and / or the second electronic expansion valve without adjusting the second electronic expansion valve, so that the liquid refrigerant in the first gas-liquid separator can flow back into the heating circuit, thereby improving the refrigerant utilization efficiency.

[0160] Second mode (heating the crew cabin):

[0161] In the second mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the ON state:

[0162] The fourth electronic expansion valve, the twentieth and twenty-first ports of the four-way valve, and the fourth solenoid valve.

[0163] In addition, the first controller controls the damper at the condenser to open, so that the condenser can exchange heat; that is, in the second mode, the condenser performs the condensation function.

[0164] The first controller controls the following devices to be in the off state:

[0165] First electronic expansion valve, second electronic expansion valve, third electronic expansion valve, fifth electronic expansion valve, sixth electronic expansion valve, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, third solenoid valve, fifth solenoid valve, sixth solenoid valve, water pump, PTC heater.

[0166] The refrigerant circulation process in the second mode is described below:

[0167] like Figure 3 As shown, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output from the compressor's outlet flows into the condenser through the second port of the condenser. The heat carried by the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is released into the passenger compartment, thereby heating the air in the passenger compartment. After passing through the condenser, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then flows out from the first port of the condenser. The high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through the fourth electronic expansion valve, becoming low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. It should be understood that the two-phase refrigerant in this article refers to a refrigerant mixed with liquid and gas. The low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger through the third port, absorbs heat from the environment, and becomes low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. That is, at this time, the first heat exchanger acts as an evaporator. Then, the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant sequentially passes through the ninth and eleventh ports of the first gas-liquid separator, the twenty-first and twentyth ports of the four-way valve, and the fourth solenoid valve, flowing into the compressor from the compressor's inlet, completing the refrigerant circulation process in the second mode.

[0168] Third mode: (Defrosting)

[0169] In the second mode, the surface temperature of the first heat exchanger is lower than the ambient temperature, causing water vapor in the air to condense. When the ambient temperature drops below 0°C, the condensate on the surface of the first heat exchanger will freeze. Excessive ice buildup significantly reduces the effective heat exchange area of ​​the first heat exchanger, leading to decreased heat exchange efficiency and impacting the heating effect in the passenger compartment. To remove frost / ice from the surface of the first heat exchanger, the thermal management system also includes a third mode. When there is a significant amount of frost / ice on the surface of the first heat exchanger, the third mode is activated to remove the frost layer, allowing the thermal management system to operate efficiently.

[0170] In the third mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the ON state:

[0171] The third electronic expansion valve, the twentieth and twenty-first ports of the four-way valve, and the fourth solenoid valve.

[0172] In the third mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the off state:

[0173] First electronic expansion valve, second electronic expansion valve, fourth electronic expansion valve, fifth electronic expansion valve, sixth electronic expansion valve, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, third solenoid valve, fifth solenoid valve, sixth solenoid valve, water pump, PTC heater.

[0174] The refrigerant circulation process in the third mode is described below:

[0175] like Figure 4 As shown, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output from the compressor's outlet flows through the third electronic expansion valve and into the first heat exchanger through the third port, where the high temperature of the refrigerant melts the frost / ice on the surface of the first heat exchanger. That is, at this time, the first heat exchanger only serves a conductive function. Then, the refrigerant flowing out from the fourth port of the first heat exchanger passes sequentially through the first gas-liquid separator, the twenty-first and twenty ports of the four-way valve, and the fourth solenoid valve, before flowing into the compressor from the compressor's inlet, completing the refrigerant circulation process in the third mode.

[0176] In the third mode, only the first heat exchanger can be defrosted, and the passenger compartment cannot be heated, resulting in a poor thermal comfort experience for users.

[0177] Generally, electric vehicle batteries (such as power batteries) need to operate within a suitable temperature range. Excessive battery temperature not only affects battery life but may also lead to safety risks. Conversely, excessively low battery temperature can significantly reduce usable capacity, limiting battery performance. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the battery temperature within a certain range during operation. Based on this, the thermal management system provided in this application also supports a fourth and fifth mode, which are described below.

[0178] Fourth mode: (Battery heating)

[0179] In the fourth mode, the first controller keeps the water pump running. The first controller also controls the PTC heater to heat the coolant.

[0180] The first controller controls the following devices to be in the off state:

[0181] Compressor, first electronic expansion valve, second electronic expansion valve, third electronic expansion valve, fourth electronic expansion valve, fifth electronic expansion valve, sixth electronic expansion valve, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, third solenoid valve, fourth solenoid valve, fifth solenoid valve, sixth solenoid valve, four-way valve.

[0182] The following describes the coolant circulation process in the fourth mode:

[0183] like Figure 5 As shown, the coolant flowing from the water pump flows sequentially through the 27th and 26th ports of the plate heat exchanger into the PTC heater, where it is heated. The heated coolant then flows through the battery heat exchanger, transferring heat to the battery and thus heating the battery. After exiting the battery heat exchanger, the coolant flows back into the water pump, completing the coolant circulation process in the fourth mode.

[0184] Fifth mode: (Battery cooling)

[0185] In the fifth mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the ON state:

[0186] The second solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the fifth electronic expansion valve, the twentieth port and the twenty-second port of the four-way valve.

[0187] In addition, the first controller closes the damper at the condenser, preventing heat exchange; that is, the condenser only functions as a conductor at this time. The first controller also controls the PTC heater, ensuring that the PTC heater only functions as a conductor.

[0188] The first controller controls the following devices to be in the off state:

[0189] First electronic expansion valve, second electronic expansion valve, third electronic expansion valve, fourth electronic expansion valve, sixth electronic expansion valve, first solenoid valve, third solenoid valve, fourth solenoid valve.

[0190] The refrigerant circulation process in Mode 5 is described below:

[0191] like Figure 6As shown, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output from the compressor flows sequentially through the condenser and the sixth solenoid valve, then enters the second heat exchanger through the fifth port. At the second heat exchanger, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant releases heat into the environment, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which flows out through the sixth port. That is, at this point, the second heat exchanger functions as a condenser. Then, the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows sequentially through the second solenoid valve and the fifth electronic expansion valve, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. Then, the low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the plate heat exchanger through the twenty-fifth port. At this point, the plate heat exchanger absorbs the heat generated by the battery and transfers it to the flowing low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, transforming it into a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. Low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows out from the 24th port of the plate heat exchanger, and then flows into the compressor from the compressor inlet in sequence through the 22nd and 20th ports of the four-way valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the third gas-liquid separator, completing the refrigerant circulation process in the fifth mode.

[0192] The following describes how the plate heat exchanger absorbs the heat generated by the battery:

[0193] During the first cycle, the coolant flowing from the water pump enters through the 27th port of the plate heat exchanger and exits through the 26th port. At this point, the coolant has not yet absorbed the heat generated by the battery. Then, the coolant flows through the PTC heater and the battery heat exchange device, where it absorbs the heat generated by the battery, and finally flows back to the water pump, completing the first cycle of the coolant.

[0194] In the subsequent cycle, coolant flowing from the water pump enters through the twenty-seventh port of the plate heat exchanger, transferring the heat absorbed from the battery heat exchanger to the plate heat exchanger, and then flows out through the twenty-sixth port of the plate heat exchanger. Subsequent cycles are identical to the first cycle.

[0195] Sixth mode: (Cooling of the crew cabin)

[0196] In the sixth mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the ON state:

[0197] The second solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the sixth electronic expansion valve, the twentieth port and the twenty-third port of the four-way valve.

[0198] In addition, the first controller controls the damper at the condenser to close, so that it does not exchange heat; that is, the condenser only serves to conduct heat at this time.

[0199] The first controller controls the following devices to be in the off state:

[0200] First electronic expansion valve, second electronic expansion valve, third electronic expansion valve, fourth electronic expansion valve, fifth electronic expansion valve, first solenoid valve, third solenoid valve, fourth solenoid valve, PTC heater, water pump.

[0201] The refrigerant circulation process in Mode 6 is described below:

[0202] like Figure 7 As shown, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output from the compressor's outlet flows sequentially through the condenser and the sixth solenoid valve, then enters the second heat exchanger through the fifth port. At the second heat exchanger, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant releases heat into the environment, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which flows out through the sixth port. That is, at this time, the second heat exchanger functions as a condenser. Then, the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows sequentially through the second solenoid valve and the sixth electronic expansion valve, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. Then, the low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the evaporator through the thirty-first port, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows out through the thirtieth port. That is, at this time, the evaporator absorbs heat from the vehicle interior. Then, the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows sequentially through the twenty-third and twentyth ports of the four-way valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the third gas-liquid separator, entering the compressor from the compressor's inlet, completing the refrigerant circulation process in the sixth mode.

[0203] Seventh mode: (simultaneous cooling of the crew cabin and battery)

[0204] In the seventh mode, the first controller controls the following devices to be in the ON state:

[0205] The second solenoid valve, the sixth solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, the fifth electronic expansion valve, the sixth electronic expansion valve, the twentieth port, the twenty-second port, and the twenty-third port of the four-way valve.

[0206] In addition, the first controller closes the damper at the condenser, preventing heat exchange; that is, the condenser only functions as a conductor at this time. The first controller also controls the PTC heater, ensuring that the PTC heater only functions as a conductor.

[0207] The first controller controls the following devices to be in the off state:

[0208] First electronic expansion valve, second electronic expansion valve, third electronic expansion valve, fourth electronic expansion valve, first solenoid valve, third solenoid valve, fourth solenoid valve.

[0209] The refrigerant circulation process in mode seven is described below:

[0210] like Figure 8As shown, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant output from the compressor flows sequentially through the condenser and the sixth solenoid valve, then enters the second heat exchanger through the fifth port. At the second heat exchanger, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant releases heat into the environment, transforming into a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which flows out through the sixth port. That is, at this point, the second heat exchanger functions as a condenser. Then, the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows through the second solenoid valve, and after exiting the valve, it splits into two paths, denoted as the third and fourth refrigerant paths.

[0211] The third refrigerant flows through the sixth electronic expansion valve, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. Then, this low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the evaporator from its thirty-first port, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and flows out from the thirtieth port. At this point, the evaporator absorbs heat from the vehicle's interior. The low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant then sequentially passes through the twenty-third and twentyth ports of the four-way valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the third gas-liquid separator, flowing into the compressor from its inlet, completing the third refrigerant circulation process in the seventh mode.

[0212] The fourth refrigerant flows through the fifth electronic expansion valve, becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. Then, this low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the plate heat exchanger from its twenty-fifth port. At this point, the plate heat exchanger absorbs heat generated by the battery and transfers it to the flowing low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, transforming it into a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. This low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows out from the twenty-fourth port of the plate heat exchanger, then sequentially passes through the twenty-second and twentyth ports of the four-way valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the third gas-liquid separator, before flowing into the compressor from its inlet, completing the fourth refrigerant's circulation process in mode seven.

[0213] In the seventh mode, the plate heat exchanger absorbs the heat generated by the battery in the same way as in the sixth mode, so it will not be described again here.

[0214] It should be understood that the thermal management system provided in this application can also be applied to any other vehicle driven by an electric drive, and is not limited to electric vehicles. This application does not make any specific limitations in this regard.

[0215] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0216] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0217] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, include: A compressor, including an inlet and an outlet, is used to compress refrigerant input from the inlet and output the compressed refrigerant from the outlet. The condenser includes a first interface (1) and a second interface (2), the second interface (2) being connected to the output port; The first heat exchanger includes a third port (3) and a fourth port (4), wherein the third port (3) is connected to the output port and the fourth port (4) is connected to the input port; The second heat exchanger includes a fifth port (5) and a sixth port (6), the sixth port (6) being connected to the inlet port; The first electronic expansion valve includes a seventh interface (7) and an eighth interface (8), wherein the seventh interface (7) is connected to the first interface (1) and the eighth interface (8) is connected to the fifth interface (5); The thermal management system also includes: The first gas-liquid separator includes a ninth interface (9), a tenth interface (10) and an eleventh interface (11). The ninth interface (9) is connected to the fourth interface (4), the tenth interface (10) is connected to the fifth interface (5), and the eleventh interface (11) is connected to the input port. The tenth interface (10) is the liquid output port of the first gas-liquid separator; The second vapor-liquid separator includes an inlet, and the inlet of the second vapor-liquid separator is connected to the sixth port (6) of the second heat exchanger via a third solenoid valve. First controller; In the first mode, the first controller is used to control the opening of the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, and the first solenoid valve, and to control the closing of the fourth electronic expansion valve. The first mode is a defrosting mode that heats the passenger compartment.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: The second electronic expansion valve includes a twelfth interface (12) and a thirteenth interface (13), wherein the twelfth interface (12) is connected to the fifth interface (5) and the thirteenth interface (13) is connected to the tenth interface (10).

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: The first solenoid valve includes a fourteenth interface (14) and a fifteenth interface (15), wherein the fourteenth interface (14) is connected to the thirteenth interface (13) and the fifteenth interface (15) is connected to the tenth interface (10).

4. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: The third electronic expansion valve includes a sixteenth interface (16) and a seventeenth interface (17), wherein the sixteenth interface (16) is connected to the third interface (3) and the seventeenth interface (17) is connected to the output port.

5. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In a first direction, the first heat exchanger is located upstream of the second heat exchanger, and the first direction is the direction of air flow.

6. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: A fan is used to circulate air in the first direction.

7. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: The fourth electronic expansion valve includes an eighteenth interface (18) and a nineteenth interface (19), wherein the eighteenth interface (18) is connected to the first interface (1) and the nineteenth interface (19) is connected to the third interface (3).

8. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In the second mode, the first controller is used to control the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, and the first solenoid valve to close, and to control the fourth electronic expansion valve to open. The second mode is a mode for heating the crew cabin.

9. A method for controlling a thermal management system, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes: A compressor, including an inlet and an outlet, is used to compress refrigerant input from the inlet and output the compressed refrigerant from the outlet. The condenser includes a first interface (1) and a second interface (2), the second interface (2) being connected to the output port; The first heat exchanger includes a third port (3) and a fourth port (4), wherein the third port (3) is connected to the output port and the fourth port (4) is connected to the input port; The second heat exchanger includes a fifth port (5) and a sixth port (6), the sixth port (6) being connected to the inlet port; The first electronic expansion valve includes a seventh interface (7) and an eighth interface (8), wherein the seventh interface (7) is connected to the first interface (1) and the eighth interface (8) is connected to the fifth interface (5); The method includes: Receive the first instruction; In the first mode, the first electronic expansion valve is opened according to the first instruction. The first mode is a defrosting mode that heats the passenger compartment. The thermal management system also includes: The first gas-liquid separator includes a ninth interface (9), a tenth interface (10) and an eleventh interface (11). The ninth interface (9) is connected to the fourth interface (4), the tenth interface (10) is connected to the fifth interface (5), and the eleventh interface (11) is connected to the input port. Wherein, the tenth interface (10) is the liquid output port of the first gas-liquid separator, and the eleventh interface (11) is the gas output port of the first gas-liquid separator; The second electronic expansion valve includes a twelfth interface (12) and a thirteenth interface (13), wherein the twelfth interface (12) is connected to the fifth interface (5) and the thirteenth interface (13) is connected to the tenth interface (10); The second vapor-liquid separator includes an inlet, and the inlet of the second vapor-liquid separator is connected to the sixth port (6) of the second heat exchanger via a third solenoid valve. The method further includes: In the first mode, the second electronic expansion valve is controlled to open according to the first instruction.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: The first solenoid valve includes a fourteenth port (14) and a fifteenth port (15), wherein the fourteenth port (14) is connected to the thirteenth port (13) and the fifteenth port (15) is connected to the tenth port (10); The method further includes: According to the first instruction, the first solenoid valve is controlled to open.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: The third electronic expansion valve includes a sixteenth interface (16) and a seventeenth interface (17), wherein the sixteenth interface (16) is connected to the third interface (3) and the seventeenth interface (17) is connected to the output port; The method further includes: According to the first instruction, the third electronic expansion valve is controlled to open.

12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, In a first direction, the first heat exchanger is located upstream of the second heat exchanger, and the first direction is the direction of air flow.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: fan; The method further includes: According to the first instruction, the fan is controlled to turn on, so that air circulates in the first direction.

14. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The thermal management system also includes: The fourth electronic expansion valve includes an eighteenth interface (18) and a nineteenth interface (19), wherein the eighteenth interface (18) is connected to the first interface (1) and the nineteenth interface (19) is connected to the third interface (3); The method further includes: According to the first instruction, the fourth electronic expansion valve is controlled to close.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the second instruction; According to the second instruction, the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, and the first solenoid valve are controlled to close, and the fourth electronic expansion valve is controlled to open.

16. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire a first signal from the first sensor; The flow rate of refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger is adjusted according to the first signal.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, Adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger according to the first signal includes: Based on the first signal, at least one of the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, and the third electronic expansion valve is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the second heat exchanger.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes any one of claims 1-8.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It includes a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 9-17.

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