Raw material feeding device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a raw material feeding device (1) for feeding raw material (R) to a gas line or reactor of an apparatus (100) for producing cement clinker, the gas line being, for example, the riser of a heat exchange cyclone (112, 113), and the reactor being, for example, a calciner (170). The raw material feeding device has a connecting line (2) for connecting the raw material line (120) to the gas line or reactor. The raw material feeding device also has an inclined raw material chute (3) disposed within the connecting line (2), through which the raw material (R) from the raw material line (120) reaches the gas line or reactor. A baffle slider (10) is disposed at the foot of the raw material chute (3), protruding into the path of the raw material flowing through the raw material chute (3) and deflecting the incoming raw material (R). According to the present invention, a substantially convex extrusion fluid is disposed on the baffle slider (10), in the path of the incoming raw material, and disperses the flow of the raw material (R). Upon entering the calciner (170), which has a faster calcination effect, the extrusion fluid disperses the raw material (R). This allows for improved calciner performance with fewer means.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a raw material feeding device for feeding raw materials into a gas line or reactor of an apparatus for manufacturing cement clinker, the gas line being, for example, the riser of a heat exchange cyclone, and the reactor being, for example, a calciner. The raw material feeding device has a connecting line for connecting the raw material line to the gas line or reactor. The raw material feeding device also has an inclined raw material chute disposed within the connecting line, through which raw materials from the raw material line reach the gas line or reactor. A baffle slider is disposed at the foot of the raw material chute, protruding into the path of the raw materials flowing through the raw material chute and deflecting the incoming raw materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of manufacturing cement clinker from a mixture of milled, lime-containing rock and milled, silicate-containing rock, the so-called raw meal undergoes heat treatment in a gas stream during its dusty stage and is subsequently sintered in a rotary kiln. Here, the raw meal is suspended in hot gas for most of the equipment. Typical equipment for manufacturing cement clinker produces 1000 to 10000 tons of cement clinker per day, with the raw meal, suspended in gas, transported as a primary product within the equipment via a cyclone heat exchanger. In the cyclone heat exchanger, after heating and, under certain conditions, drying, the raw meal is guided through a raw meal pipeline to a calciner, which functions as a fluidized bed reactor. In this calciner, the lime-containing rock of the raw meal is decomposed into undigested lime (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) through thermal decomposition. The undigested lime portion, as hot powder, is then guided to the rotary kiln, where it is sintered into the calcium carbonate phase—the actual cement clinker—through intensive and intense heat treatment. After the rotary kiln, the cement clinker needs to be cooled rapidly in order to obtain the desired clinker phase.

[0003] In longer studies, bottlenecks to the overall performance of equipment used in cement clinker production have proven to be recurring issues. One such bottleneck is the calciner, or fluidized bed reactor, where the raw meal is thermally dissociated as completely as possible. This process requires only a short time in the fluidized bed reactor due to the high flow rates, resulting in a residence time of only a few seconds for the preheated raw meal. To improve equipment performance, all components can be scaled up. Similarly, the residence time of the raw meal in the calciner can be extended. Upgrading or building new equipment to optimize existing systems is costly. Equipment optimization often involves increasing pipe diameters to allow for a greater gas and / or mass flow per unit time. However, with the increasing capacity of modern equipment, the diameter of the gas-guiding pipes also increases, making it difficult to achieve the most uniform dispersion of powder in the gas stream. Insufficient dispersion often leads to significant process disturbances, such as powder settling, reaction inhibition, and other undesirable performance losses.

[0004] Another bottleneck is the riser line in the cyclone heat exchanger. In the cyclone heat exchanger, the raw material is repeatedly suspended and reseparated in the gas phase of the rotary kiln's exhaust gas. Here, the raw material absorbs heat from the rotary kiln's exhaust gas. The section and time available for suspending the raw material are very short. Feeding the powder to the gas phase more quickly and evenly here also helps to improve the overall output and efficiency of the equipment.

[0005] European patent document EP1310467B1 discloses a powder feeder as a raw material feeding device, wherein a baffle slider is located at the foot of the powder feeder. The function of the baffle slider is to break up the raw material coming from the chute and disperse it in a fan shape. This powder feeder has proven effective in existing equipment for manufacturing cement clinker. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The objective of this invention is to improve the performance of equipment used in the manufacture of cement clinker. To this end, after the powder is dispersed, the uniformity of the pneumatic transport of the powder / gas suspension should be improved, and pressure fluctuations that often occur locally and temporarily when dispersion is poor should be avoided. Furthermore, the accessibility of the fine powder stream for heat exchange should be optimized through better dispersion.

[0007] The objective according to the invention is achieved by the following means: the substantially convex extrusion fluid is disposed on the baffle slider, in the path of the incoming raw material, and the flow of raw material is dispersed. Other advantageous designs are given in the dependent claims of claim 1.

[0008] According to the present invention, in order to improve the performance of the equipment, it is attached to a raw material feeding device for a gas pipeline (e.g., the riser of a heat exchange cyclone) or for a reactor (e.g., a calciner).

[0009] As the raw material enters the gas line or reactor, the extruder applies velocity and momentum components outward to the flowing raw material, forcing it further towards the outer region of the gas line or reactor. This deflection is achieved through a generally convex surface geometry present in the path of the flowing raw material. In its simplest form, the extruder can be a tetrahedral object, a tetrahedron on one face, with one edge oriented from the bottom of the baffle block in the direction of the raw material flow. This tetrahedral object cuts off the flow of dispersed raw material and applies velocity and momentum components outward to it. The extruder can also have a hull-like shape or be composed of arched sections with harmonics at the top keel.

[0010] It has proven advantageous to modify existing raw material feeding devices by using a tetrahedral extruder with obtuse-angled triangles on its flow-direction sides. This allows the extruder's keel line or vertex perpendicular line to be obtuse-angled. This shape enables efficient diffusion of the raw material flow into the gas line or reactor, thereby initiating the thermal decomposition of limestone-containing rocks very early and uniformly in the calciner, which acts as a reactor. In its use in the riser pipe of a heat exchanger cyclone, raw material suspension also occurs earlier and more uniformly, so that the raw material no longer settles as a condensed stream through the cyclone but is completely suspended in the gas vortex. By homogenizing the flow that generates pressure losses, reserves in the guide vanes can be reduced, thereby allowing the equipment to operate at higher production levels.

[0011] The extruder's keel lines, apex vertical lines, or upward-pointing edges are advantageously reinforced in abrasion-resistant manner, for example, in the form of weld overlays, to improve the extruder's service life in hot raw feed flows. For this purpose, it can also be specified that the extruder's sides, for example, tetrahedral, facing the flow direction, are open. This open construction prevents the extruder from overheating or becoming excessively tensile in the heat of the flowing raw feed, thus preventing the extruder from becoming brittle due to changes in heat load. Similarly, the service life of the extruder is improved by cuts in the extruder face, which is the face developed from edges, keel lines, or apex vertical lines, with the cuts located in edges transverse to the flow direction. These cuts prevent the formation of eddies and avoid excessive mechanical load changes during changes in heat load. Like expansion joints, the cuts prevent the extruder from deforming under heat load.

[0012] To achieve optimal raw material distribution, it can be specified that the bottom surface of the substantially convex extrusion fluid extends over at least 50% of the width of the baffle slider, preferably over the entire width of the baffle slider. This extension over the entire width facilitates the fan-shaped dispersion of the entire raw material flow. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The invention is further illustrated with the aid of the following figures. In the figures:

[0014] Figure 1 The raw material feeding device according to the present invention is shown.

[0015] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A raw material feeding device having a flow direction shown at the foot of the raw material feeding device.

[0016] Figure 3 The extruded fluid is shown as a convex shape in the form of an open tetrahedron.

[0017] Figure 4 Show Figure 3 A simplified form of a tetrahedron, so that each face and edge can be named.

[0018] Figure 5 The exemplary apparatus shown is for illustrating the manufacture of cement clinker, in which the raw meal feeding device has its own designated space.

[0019] Figure 6 The raw material input pipeline is shown, which is implemented in two different states in the prior art. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Figure 1 A raw material feeding device 1 according to the invention is shown. The raw material feeding device 1 is for attachment to a gas pipeline or reactor of an apparatus 100 for producing cement clinker, such as the riser lines 112' and 113' of heat exchange cyclones 112 and 113 in a cyclone heat exchanger 110, or the reactor, such as a calciner 170. Such an apparatus... Figure 5The following is an exemplary illustration. A connecting pipe 2 for connecting the raw material line 120 from the cyclone heat exchanger 170 to the calciner 170 or to the riser lines 112', 113' of the next heat exchange cyclone 112, 113 is located in the raw material feeding device 1 shown here. Furthermore, the raw material feeding device 1 has an inclined raw material chute 3 disposed within the connecting pipe 2, through which raw material from the raw material line 120 reaches the gas line or reactor. A balancer 5 is located in the path of the connecting pipe 2 to balance the heat load, but also to balance the mechanical load exerted on the raw material feeding device 1 by the sometimes longer raw material line 120. An externally adjustable baffle slider 10 is disposed at the foot of the raw material chute 3, protruding into the path of the raw material flowing through the raw material chute 3 and deflecting the incoming raw material. Upon entering the gas pipeline or reactor, the impact on the bottom 11 of the baffle slider 10 generates a wide jet of raw material. According to the invention described herein, the substantially convex extrusion fluid ( The raw material is positioned on the baffle slider 10, within the path of the incoming raw material, and disperses the raw material flow. In this embodiment, the extrusion fluid is constructed using a tetrahedron T, which is open in the flow direction S and has obtuse angles on its keel line, vertex perpendicular line, or edge 15 protruding into the raw material flow. The keel line, vertex perpendicular line, or edge 15 protruding into the raw material flow is oriented in the flow direction S. Two faces 12 and 13 developed from the edges 15 impart outward momentum to the raw material, thereby significantly enhancing the dispersing effect of the raw material feeding device. This enhanced dispersing effect in the calciner results in the earlier and better distribution of the calcination of limestone-containing rocks in the calciner, typically in a fluidized bed reactor, within the gas flow. If the diameter of the calciner is drastically increased for large equipment, i.e., in the range of 5000t or even 8000t to over 10000t per day (measured in tons), then the improved dispersion is particularly effective and significant. In one of the riser lines 112', 113' of the cyclone heat exchanger 110, the enhanced dispersion has the advantage of faster and more complete suspension of the raw material in the gas flow of the heat exchange cyclone 112, 113. The raw material feed device 1 is connected upwards via flange 7 to, for example, the raw material line 120 of the equipment 100 for producing cement clinker. Here, the raw material flows in the direction S within the connecting line 2 along the raw material chute 3 and is guided by a check valve, only the two external weight blocks 4, 4' of the check valve are shown here. An optional fuel supply unit 6 is located at the foot of the raw material feeding device 1 and has fuel such as petroleum coke, which can be fed into the raw material to increase the thermal power in the calciner. The raw material feeding device 1 is mounted on the thick-walled calciner 170 via a flange 8.

[0021] To achieve the desired dispersion effect, the baffle slider 10 is moved back and forth from the outside along the directions of the double arrows P′, P′. Since the extrusion fluid is tetrahedral at the bottom 11 of the baffle slider 10, the extrusion fluid moves with the baffle slider 10.

[0022] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A raw material feeding device having a flow direction shown at the foot of the raw material feeding device 1. Figure 2 This demonstrates the effect of the extruded fluid, which is in the form of the tetrahedron T, on the raw material sliding down onto the chute 3 from above. The raw material acquires outward velocity and momentum components and diffuses within the opening diameter of the calciner 170, or within the opening diameters of the riser pipes 112', 113'.

[0023] Figure 3 A convex extrusion material in the form of an open tetrahedron T is shown. The extrusion material T has a face 17 located on the bottom 11 of the baffle slider 10. The edges 15 of the face 17 are collinear with the flow direction S. Thus, the edges 15 act as the keel of the extruder. Faces 12 and 13 developed from the edges 15 are arranged such that the raw material flowing through these faces receives outward velocity and momentum components. To avoid undesirable eddies and to suppress thermal / mechanical stress, cuts 14 may be present in the faces 12 and 13 developed from the edges 15, and these cuts are located on edges positioned in the flow direction S. To avoid mechanical stress, these cuts function similarly to expansion joints.

[0024] Figure 4 Show Figure 3 A simplified form of a tetrahedron, so that each face and edge can be named. Figure 3 The tetrahedron is shown here in a simpler form compared to the generally convex extrusion fluid. The tetrahedron has face 17 located on the bottom 11. The four faces of the tetrahedron are face 17 on the bottom 11, two faces 12 and 13 developed from the edges 15 opposite to face 17, and face 16 oriented forward in the flow direction. The edges 15 opposite to face 17 are oriented in the flow direction S of the raw material. As an extrusion fluid, the tetrahedron T can be open in face 16 in the flow direction S.

[0025] Figure 5An exemplary apparatus 100 for manufacturing cement clinker is shown for illustration, in which a raw meal feeding device 1 has its own location. The apparatus 100 has the following components: a heat exchange component 110 located at the beginning of the material flow direction. The heat exchange component consists of a plurality of tandem cyclone heat exchangers 111, 112, 113, and 114 for preheating the raw meal R. Following the penultimate cyclone heat exchanger 113 in the material flow direction is a calciner 170 into which the preheated raw meal 4 flows from the heat exchange component 110. In the calciner 170, the raw meal R is suspended in the exhaust gas of a subsequent rotary kiln 140, wherein the outlet of the descending branch 130 of the calciner 170 is connected to the inlet of the last cyclone heat exchanger 114. Following the last cyclone heat exchanger 114 is a connecting pipe 114″, which leads to the rotary kiln inlet chamber 120 and supplies the preheated, deacidified raw meal R from the calciner 170 to the rotary kiln 140. The preheated and deacidified raw meal R tumbles through the rotary kiln 140 and is sintered there into cement clinker Z. Following the rotary kiln 140 in the material flow direction is the cement clinker cooler 150, wherein a tertiary air duct 160 extends from the cooler head shell 151, directly connected to the rotary kiln 140, to the calciner 170 to maintain fuel combustion in an oxidizing environment. Conversely, the cooled cement clinker exits the cement clinker cooler 150. In the device 100, the atmospheric air L travels mostly in the opposite direction to the material flow of the raw meal R. Thus, the air L flows into the cement clinker cooler 150 and is divided into different portions. The first portion of the air L, as the so-called primary airflow, flows into the virtual [structure / system]. The burner is shown in the diagram. A second portion of the air L flows into the rotary kiln 140 as secondary air, and a third portion of the air L, which has been heated in the cement clinker cooler 150, flows through the tertiary air duct 160 as tertiary air. After leaving the calciner 170, the air L flows sequentially into the heat exchange cyclones 114, 113, 112, and 111, and leaves the heat exchange unit 110 as exhaust gas A. It is conceivable that the raw material feed described herein... The feeding device 1 is used to feed raw material from the penultimate heat exchanger 113 into the calciner 170 through the raw material pipeline 120 in a state of as good dispersion as possible. For this purpose, the raw material feeding device 1 is directly connected to the calciner 170. The raw material feeding device 1 can be optionally or cumulatively arranged on one of the riser pipelines 112', 113' of the cyclone heat exchanger 110 so that the raw material is suspended more quickly and completely in the vortex of the heat exchanger 112, 113.

[0026] List of reference numerals

[0027] 1 Raw material feeding device

[0028] 2. Connecting pipes

[0029] 3 raw material sluices

[0030] 4 weight blocks

[0031] 4' weight block

[0032] 5 balancers

[0033] 6. Fuel Supply Department

[0034] 7 flanges

[0035] 8 flanges

[0036] 10 baffle slider

[0037] 11 bottom

[0038] 12 sides

[0039] 13 sides

[0040] 14 incisions

[0041] 15 edges

[0042] 16 sides

[0043] 17 sides

[0044] 100 devices

[0045] 110 cyclone heat exchanger

[0046] 111 heat exchanger cyclone

[0047] 112 heat exchanger cyclone

[0048] 112′ riser pipe

[0049] 113 heat exchanger cyclone

[0050] 113′ Ascending Pipeline

[0051] 114 heat exchanger cyclone

[0052] 114′ Hot powder pipeline

[0053] 120 raw material pipeline

[0054] 130 descending branch

[0055] 140 converter

[0056] 141 Rotary Furnace Inlet Chamber

[0057] 150 Clinker Cooler

[0058] 151 Cooler Head

[0059] 160 tertiary air duct

[0060] 170 calciner

[0061] A exhaust gas

[0062] G gas

[0063] L air

[0064] P arrow

[0065] arrow P′

[0066] R raw materials

[0067] S Flow direction

[0068] Z cement clinker

Claims

1. A raw material feeding device (1) for feeding raw materials (R) into a gas pipeline or reactor of an apparatus (100) for producing cement clinker, said raw material feeding device having - Connecting pipe (2) for connecting the raw material pipeline (120) to the gas pipeline or reactor. - An inclined raw material chute (3) is provided within the connecting pipe (2), through which raw material (R) from the raw material pipe (120) reaches the gas pipe or reactor. in, The baffle slider (10) is located at the foot of the raw material chute (3), protrudes into the path of the raw material (R) flowing through the raw material chute (3), and changes the direction of the incoming raw material (R). The feature is that the substantially convex extrusion fluid is disposed on the baffle slider (10), in the path of the incoming raw material, and disperses the flow of the raw material (R).

2. The raw material feeding device according to claim 1, Its features are, The gas pipeline is the riser pipeline (112', 113') of the heat exchange cyclone (112, 113), and the reactor is the calciner (170).

3. The raw material feeding device according to claim 1, Its features are, Basically, the convex extruded material is a tetrahedron (12) located on the face (17), wherein the edges (15) of the tetrahedron (T) are oriented from the bottom (11) of the baffle slider (10) in the flow direction (S) of the flowing raw material.

4. The raw material feeding device according to claim 2, Its features are, Basically, the convex extruded material is a tetrahedron (12) located on the face (17), wherein the edges (15) of the tetrahedron (T) are oriented from the bottom (11) of the baffle slider (10) in the flow direction (S) of the flowing raw material.

5. The raw material feeding device according to claim 3 or 4, Its features are, The side (16) of the tetrahedron (T) facing the flow direction (S) is an obtuse triangle.

6. The raw material feeding device according to claim 3 or 4, Its features are, The side (S) of the tetrahedron (T) facing the flow direction (S) is open.

7. The raw material feeding device according to claim 5, Its features are, The side (S) of the tetrahedron (T) facing the flow direction (S) is open.

8. The raw material feeding device according to any one of claims 3-4 and 7, Its features are, The edge (15) has a wear-resistant reinforcement.

9. The raw material feeding device according to any one of claims 3-4 and 7, Its features are, The tetrahedron (T) has faces (12, 13) developed from the edges (15) with cuts (14) in the flow direction (S).

10. The raw material feeding device according to claim 8, Its features are, The tetrahedron (T) has faces (12, 13) developed from the edges (15) with cuts (14) in the flow direction (S).

11. The raw material feeding device according to any one of claims 1-4, 7, and 10, Its features are, The bottom surface of the essentially convex extruded fluid extends across the entire width of the baffle slider (10).

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