Integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device, which comprises a feeding module, a combustion module, a heat exchange chamber, a tail gas purification module, a gas storage module and a gas stove. When the combustion module is in a combustion state, the feeding module is connected with the combustion module, biomass is crushed and then enters the combustion module to be combusted to generate heat, which is used for cooking and heating at home; the combustion module is connected with the heat exchange chamber, tail gas after combustion enters the heat exchange chamber to exchange heat with cooling water; the tail gas after heat exchange and cooling enters the purification chamber for purification; the purification module is connected with the gas storage module, and the remaining tail gas after purification enters the gas storage tank for storage. When the combustion module is in a pyrolysis state, pyrolysis gas generated by biomass pyrolysis enters the gas storage tank for storage after heat exchange and purification. The device combines combustion and pyrolysis, can realize all-weather pyrolysis of rural biomass heat in various forms, and realizes clean utilization of rural biomass combustion and pyrolysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pyrolysis equipment technology, and in particular to an integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] my country is rich in agricultural and forestry biomass resources, totaling over 2.2 billion tons. This includes approximately 1.1 billion tons of crop straw, over 100 million tons of primary crop processing residues, and over 1 billion tons of forestry biomass waste, with a potential for resource utilization exceeding 500 million tons. Simultaneously, rural areas have large yields of biomass such as dead branches, leaves, and straw, representing significant energy utilization potential. The country attaches great importance to the utilization and development of clean energy in rural areas. Currently, however, there is a lack of biomass combustion and clean utilization equipment in rural areas, and some existing equipment suffers from problems such as low calorific value, direct emissions, low energy efficiency, and inconvenience of use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It combines combustion and pyrolysis and adopts a dual-burner design to realize the pyrolysis of rural biomass heat in multiple forms and in all weather conditions, thereby achieving the clean utilization of rural biomass combustion and pyrolysis.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste, comprising...

[0005] The feeding module receives biomass feedstock through the feed inlet; and

[0006] A combustion module, comprising a combustion chamber, wherein the end of a feeding module is connected to the combustion chamber, and a stove is mounted on top of the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber and the stove can be opened or closed.

[0007] The heat exchange chamber, in which the exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber enters and exchanges heat with the cooling water pipes installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber; and

[0008] An exhaust gas purification module, comprising a purification chamber, wherein the end of a heat exchange chamber is connected to the purification chamber, and the exhaust gas cooled by heat exchange enters the purification chamber for purification; and

[0009] A gas storage module, comprising a gas storage tank, wherein the outlet of the purification chamber is connected to the gas storage tank, and the remaining exhaust gas after purification enters the gas storage tank for storage; and

[0010] A gas stove, wherein the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the gas stove and supplies gas to the gas stove;

[0011] The use of integrated rapid pyrolysis devices for rural organic solid waste includes two modes.

[0012] One is when calories are needed during the day:

[0013] Biomass raw materials are fed into the feeding module through the inlet, and the inlet is closed after feeding is complete. After being crushed and compressed, the biomass raw materials enter the combustion chamber and are ignited by the stove. The pot is placed directly on the stove for heating. The flue gas generated by combustion enters the heat exchange chamber, exchanges heat with cold water, cools down, and then enters the purification chamber. The flue gas, after being purified by adsorption, enters the gas storage tank for storage. The cold water in the heat exchange chamber is heated and its temperature rises, which is then used for domestic hot water.

[0014] Another scenario is when no heat is needed at night or when there is an excess of biomass that cannot be used up by direct combustion:

[0015] With the feed inlet and stove closed, the device is in a sealed state. The biomass raw material is crushed and compressed before being fed into the combustion chamber, where it undergoes pyrolysis under oxygen-deficient conditions to produce combustible gas. The pyrolysis gas enters the heat exchange chamber and cools down after exchanging heat with cold water. The cooled pyrolysis gas then enters the purification chamber, is purified by adsorption, and is stored in the gas storage tank. The cold water in the heat exchange chamber is heated and its temperature rises, which is then used for domestic hot water. When heat is needed for cooking or when biomass fuel is insufficient, the gas stove can be turned on directly to burn the pyrolysis gas in the gas storage tank for cooking.

[0016] Preferably, the feeding module includes a crusher, a spring extrusion mechanism, and a screw feeder arranged in sequence. The crusher is used to crush the biomass raw material. The crushed biomass raw material falls into the spring extrusion mechanism, which compacts the crushed biomass raw material. The compacted biomass raw material is then transported to the combustion chamber by the screw feeder.

[0017] Preferably, a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber.

[0018] Preferably, the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber is provided with hot water exchange pipes, the upper part of which is connected to the cooling water inlet, and the hot water exchange pipes are distributed in a spiral shape; the hot water discharged from the end of the hot water exchange pipes is used as domestic water.

[0019] Preferably, the gas flow in the purification chamber is from top to bottom.

[0020] Preferably, the purification chamber contains multiple layers of adsorbent arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the adsorbent includes activated carbon and molecular sieves.

[0021] Preferably, a pressure valve is provided on the gas storage tank, and the pressure valve opens and automatically releases gas when the pressure inside the gas storage tank is too high.

[0022] The present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0023] This invention relates to an integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste, comprising a feeding module, a combustion (pyrolysis) module, a heat exchange chamber, an exhaust gas purification module, a gas storage module, and a gas stove. The feeding module is connected to the combustion module, where crushed biomass is burned and used for cooking and heating. The combustion module is connected to the heat exchange chamber, where the exhaust gas from combustion exchanges heat with cooling water. The cooling water, heated by the exhaust gas, can be used for domestic hot water. The exhaust gas purification module is connected to the heat exchange chamber, where the cooled exhaust gas is purified. The gas storage module is connected to the purification module, where the remaining purified exhaust gas is stored in a gas storage tank. The gas storage tank is connected to the gas stove, allowing the stored pyrolysis gas to be directly used for cooking. This invention combines combustion and pyrolysis, employing a dual-stove design, enabling multi-form, all-weather pyrolysis of rural biomass heat, achieving clean utilization of rural biomass combustion and pyrolysis.

[0024] This addresses the current problems of low biomass pyrolysis efficiency, low calorific value, low heat utilization, substandard exhaust emissions, and inconvenience in use in rural areas. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A top view of an integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device (dimensions are those of one possible embodiment);

[0028] Figure 3 A side view of an integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device (dimensions are those of one achievable embodiment);

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the feeding module;

[0030] Among them, 1. feeding module, 2. screw feeder, 3. support frame, 4. combustion chamber, 5. stove, 6. 12. crusher, 13. spring extrusion mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste, which solves the problems of low pyrolysis efficiency, low calorific value, low heat utilization, substandard exhaust emissions, and inconvenience of use in rural biomass. By combining combustion and pyrolysis and adopting a dual-burner design, it can realize the pyrolysis of rural biomass in multiple forms and in all weather conditions, achieving clean utilization of rural biomass combustion and pyrolysis.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this invention provides a small-scale biomass pyrolysis device for rural households, mainly including a feeding module 1, a combustion module (pyrolysis module), a heat exchange chamber 8, a tail gas purification module, a gas storage module, and a dual gas stove. The feeding module 1 includes a screw feeder 2, a crusher 12, and a spring compression mechanism 13. The feeding module 1 is connected to the combustion module; after crushing, the biomass enters the combustion module for combustion and heating, used for cooking and heating in the home. The combustion module is connected to the heat exchange chamber 8; the tail gas after combustion enters the heat exchange chamber 8 and exchanges heat with cooling water. The cooling water's temperature rises after heat exchange with the tail gas and can be used for domestic hot water. The tail gas purification module is connected to the heat exchange chamber 8; the tail gas after heat exchange and cooling enters the purification chamber 9 for purification. The gas storage module is connected to the purification module; the remaining tail gas after purification enters the gas storage tank 10 for storage. When the combustion chamber 4 does not require heat for cooking or when there is excess biomass, the combustion chamber 4 is closed, and the biomass enters the combustion chamber 4 for pyrolysis. The resulting pyrolysis gas exchanges heat in the heat exchange chamber 8, is purified by the purification module, and then enters the gas storage tank 10 for storage. The gas storage tank 10 is connected to the gas stove 11 at the top, so that the stored pyrolysis gas can be used directly for cooking.

[0035] In one embodiment, the crusher 12 is connected to the spring extrusion mechanism 13 (which is relatively mature in the prior art and will not be described in detail here). After the biomass enters from the feed inlet, it is crushed by the crusher 12 and enters the spring extrusion mechanism 13. After being extruded and shaped, it is fed into the screw feeder 2 to realize automatic feeding of rural biomass. The extruded biomass has a high combustion density and a higher calorific value, which solves the problem of low calorific value of rural biomass.

[0036] In addition, the feeding module 1 is connected to the combustion module, which can utilize the waste heat from combustion to dry the biomass. Biomass enters the feeding module 1, is crushed and compressed, and then fed into the screw feeder 2, which is always at full load. When feeding is needed, the screw feeder 2 starts, sending a portion of the material into the combustion chamber 4 for combustion and pyrolysis, generating heat. At this time, the screw feeder 2 continues to receive fresh material, and the waste heat generated from combustion can be used to dry the newly replenished material.

[0037] In one embodiment, the combustion module is also a pyrolysis module, switching between combustion and pyrolysis functions through a sealed upper opening. The lower slag discharge port 6 converts the pyrolyzed biomass into biochar, which can be used as agricultural bio-fertilizer. The heat exchange chamber 8 is a shell-and-tube type, connected to the cooling water inlet 7 at the top, with the inlet pipes arranged in a spiral pattern to increase heat exchange time. The purification chamber 9 is arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom, filled with adsorbents such as activated carbon and molecular sieves. A pressure valve is installed on the gas storage tank 10; if the pressure is too high, the valve opens to automatically release the pressure.

[0038] The integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste of the present invention has the following features:

[0039] 1. The feeding module 1 is equipped with screw feeding, crushing and extrusion to realize automatic feeding of biomass and increase its calorific value.

[0040] 2. Two modes are provided to meet the family's heating and cooking needs.

[0041] (1) When biomass is collected just in time for heating and cooking, the biomass is directly burned for household heating and cooking.

[0042] (2) When there is an excess of biomass, or when heating and cooking are not required, the pyrolysis gas produced by the biomass is stored. When heat is needed or when biomass is insufficient, the pyrolysis gas in storage tank 10 can be burned for heating and cooking.

[0043] 3. Regardless of the mode, the exhaust gas can meet the emission standards after purification. The heat from the exhaust gas is exchanged with the tap water cooling water, realizing the utilization of heat. The hot water can be used for household applications.

[0044] 4. The integrated device sets up the feeding module 1, combustion module (pyrolysis module), heat exchange chamber 8, exhaust gas purification module, gas storage module and dual gas stove on the bracket 3 for integrated setup, management and use.

[0045] Complete workflow of integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device:

[0046] When calories are needed during the day:

[0047] 1. Biomass is fed into the feeding module 1 through the top inlet of the device, and then the inlet is closed. After being crushed and compressed, the biomass enters the screw feeder 2 and is conveyed into the combustion chamber 4. After being ignited by the stove 5, it is burned. The pot can be placed directly on the stove 5 for heating.

[0048] 2. The flue gas produced by combustion enters the heat exchange chamber 8, where it exchanges heat with cold water and cools down. It then enters the purification chamber 9, where it is purified by adsorption before being stored in the gas storage tank 10. The cold water, after heat exchange, rises in temperature and can be used for domestic hot water.

[0049] When no heat is needed at night or when there is an excess of biomass, it can be burned directly without using it all.

[0050] 1. Close the feed inlet and stove 5. At this time, the device is in a sealed state. After being crushed and compressed, the biomass enters the screw feeder 2 and is transported into the combustion chamber 4. Under oxygen-deficient conditions, it is pyrolyzed to produce combustible gases such as CO and methane.

[0051] 2. The pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis enters heat exchange chamber 8, where it exchanges heat with cold water and cools down. It then enters purification chamber 9, where it undergoes adsorption purification before being stored in gas storage tank 10. The cold water's temperature rises after heat exchange and can be used for domestic hot water.

[0052] 3. When you need heat for cooking during the day on the second day, or when there is not enough biomass fuel, you can directly turn on the gas stove 11 and burn the pyrolysis gas in the gas storage tank 10 for cooking.

[0053] Combustion and pyrolysis can be switched depending on the specific circumstances, and are not limited to daytime and the next day. When there is enough biomass, pyrolysis gas storage can be used continuously to convert biomass into pyrolysis gas for storage.

[0054] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0055] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method of using an integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste, characterized in that, An integrated rapid pyrolysis device for rural organic solid waste includes: The feeding module receives biomass feedstock through an inlet. The feeding module includes a crusher, a spring extrusion mechanism, and a screw feeder arranged sequentially. The crusher pulverizes the biomass feedstock, which then falls into the spring extrusion mechanism to compact it. The compacted biomass feedstock is then conveyed to the combustion chamber by the screw feeder. A combustion module, comprising a combustion chamber, wherein the end of a feeding module is connected to the combustion chamber, and a stove is mounted on top of the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber and the stove can be opened or closed. The heat exchange chamber, in which the exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber enters and exchanges heat with the cooling water pipes installed on the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber; and An exhaust gas purification module includes a purification chamber, the end of which is connected to a heat exchange chamber. The cooled exhaust gas enters the purification chamber for purification. The gas flow in the purification chamber is from top to bottom. The purification chamber is filled with multiple layers of adsorbent arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The adsorbent includes activated carbon and molecular sieves. A gas storage module, comprising a gas storage tank, wherein the outlet of the purification chamber is connected to the gas storage tank, and the remaining exhaust gas after purification enters the gas storage tank for storage; and A gas stove, wherein the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the gas stove and supplies gas to the gas stove; The combustion module can be adjusted to either combustion or pyrolysis mode as needed. When biomass is not needed to provide heat or when there is excess biomass that cannot be used up, it can be switched to pyrolysis mode. In the combustion state: Biomass raw materials are fed into the feeding module through the inlet, and the inlet is closed after feeding is complete. After being crushed and compressed, the biomass raw materials enter the combustion chamber and are ignited by the stove. The pot is placed directly on the stove for heating. The flue gas generated by combustion enters the heat exchange chamber, exchanges heat with cold water, cools down, and then enters the purification chamber. The flue gas is purified by adsorption and then stored in the gas storage tank. The cold water in the heat exchange chamber is heated and its temperature rises, which is then used for domestic hot water. In the pyrolysis state: With the feed inlet and stove closed, the device is in a sealed state. Biomass raw materials are crushed and compressed before being fed into the combustion chamber, where they pyrolyze to produce combustible gas under oxygen-deficient conditions. The pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis enters the heat exchange chamber and cools down after exchanging heat with cold water. The cooled pyrolysis gas then enters the purification chamber, is purified by adsorption, and is stored in the gas storage tank. The temperature of the cold water in the heat exchange chamber rises after heat exchange and is used for domestic hot water. When heat is needed for cooking or when biomass fuel is insufficient, the gas stove can be turned on directly to burn the pyrolysis gas in the gas storage tank for cooking.

2. The method of using the integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber.

3. The method of using the integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the heat exchange chamber is provided with hot water exchange pipes, the upper part of which is connected to the cooling water inlet, and the hot water exchange pipes are distributed in a spiral shape; the hot water discharged from the end of the hot water exchange pipes is used for domestic water.

4. The method of using the integrated rural organic solid waste rapid pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage tank is equipped with a pressure valve. When the pressure inside the gas storage tank is too high, the pressure valve opens and automatically releases gas.

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