An electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus and method for improving part quality

Abstract

The application relates to an electrochemical additive manufacturing device and method for improving product quality, which comprises a printing circuit, an axis platform, an electrolyte tank, a current collecting device and a controller. The printing circuit comprises a power supply, a nozzle, an anode and a cathode substrate. The anode is inserted into the electrolyte of the nozzle. The power supply is connected with the anode and the cathode substrate respectively. When the tip of the nozzle is close to the cathode substrate, the meniscus is formed between the tip of the nozzle and the cathode substrate. The axis platform is connected with the nozzle and is used to drive the nozzle to move to print the product on the cathode substrate according to the given path trajectory. The electrolyte tank is connected with the nozzle and is used to supply the electrolyte to the nozzle. The current collecting device is connected with the printing circuit and is used to collect the current value flowing through the meniscus. The controller is connected with the current collecting device and the axis platform respectively. The application can print the product within the defined current threshold range and can monitor whether the meniscus is broken or not, so as to improve the product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, and more specifically to an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus and method for improving the quality of manufactured parts. Background Technology

[0002] This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, and more specifically to an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus and method for improving the quality of manufactured parts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of related technologies and provide an electrochemical additive manufacturing device that can improve the quality of manufactured parts. It can print parts within a defined current threshold range and can also monitor whether there are cracks in the meniscus, thereby improving the quality of manufactured parts.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving the quality of manufactured parts, comprising: A printing circuit includes a power supply, a nozzle, an anode, and a cathode substrate. The anode is inserted into the electrolyte in the nozzle. The power supply is connected to both the anode and the cathode substrate. When the nozzle tip approaches the cathode substrate, it forms a meniscus connecting the tip and the cathode substrate. A shaft platform, connected to the nozzle, is used to drive the nozzle to move so as to print parts on the cathode substrate according to a predetermined path trajectory; An electrolyte tank, connected to the nozzle, is used to supply electrolyte to the nozzle; A current acquisition device, connected to the printing circuit, is used to acquire the current value flowing through the meniscus. The controller is connected to the current acquisition device and the shaft platform respectively. It is used to control the shaft platform to move the nozzle upward so that the current value is less than the first current value without damaging the meniscus when the current value exceeds the first current value; and to control the shaft platform to move the nozzle upward so that the meniscus breaks when the current value is less than the second current value, wherein the first current value is greater than the second current value.

[0005] Furthermore, to adjust the electrolyte temperature as needed to meet various printing requirements, an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality also includes a temperature acquisition device for collecting the temperature value of the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank; wherein, The electrolyte tank is mounted on the shaft platform, the nozzle is mounted inside the electrolyte tank and surrounded by the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank, the tip seal passes through the electrolyte tank, and the peripheral wall of the electrolyte tank has a heating layer and a heat insulation layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The controller is connected to the temperature acquisition device and the heating layer respectively, and is used to control the operation of the heating layer according to the temperature value so that the temperature of the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank is maintained within a preset temperature range.

[0006] Furthermore, the electrolyte tank is connected to the nozzle through a liquid extraction pipe, the liquid extraction pipe is wrapped with a heat insulation layer, and a liquid extraction pump is installed on the liquid extraction pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the cathode substrate is a copper plate or a stainless steel plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the nozzle is a pipette.

[0009] This invention also provides an electrochemical additive manufacturing method for improving part quality, comprising: The current value of the meniscus is collected during the printing of the part along a predetermined path trajectory. The meniscus is formed between the nozzle tip and the cathode substrate. If the current value exceeds the first current value, move the nozzle upwards until the current value is less than the first current value without damaging the meniscus. If the current value is less than the second current value, the nozzle is moved upward until the meniscus breaks, and the first current value is greater than the second current value.

[0010] Furthermore, after moving the nozzle upwards to cause the meniscus to rupture, the method further includes: The nozzle tip is repositioned so that it forms a new curved liquid surface with the cathode substrate at the previous printing position, and printing continues along the predetermined path.

[0011] Furthermore, an electrochemical additive manufacturing method for improving part quality also includes: During the printing process along a predetermined path, the temperature of the electrolyte in the nozzle is controlled within a preset range.

[0012] Furthermore, controlling the electrolyte temperature within the nozzle to be within a preset range includes: Collect the temperature value of the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank; The heating layer inside the electrolyte tank is controlled to operate according to the stated temperature value; wherein... The nozzle is installed inside the electrolyte tank and surrounded by the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank. The tip seal passes through the electrolyte tank, and the electrolyte tank and the nozzle move synchronously.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention controls the nozzle to move vertically based on the magnitude of the meniscus current. If the real-time current formed by the meniscus exceeds the user's threshold, the nozzle is automatically and slowly moved upward to reduce the current below the set point. If the feedback signal is small enough, the nozzle actuates, breaking the already formed meniscus, stopping the current flow, and repositioning the nozzle to form a new meniscus with the cathode substrate at the previous position. This invention can print parts within the user-defined current threshold range and can also monitor the meniscus condition, such as whether there are cracks. If there are cracks, timely adjustments are made to improve the deposition quality and thus improve the quality of the parts. 2. This invention can meet the needs of electrochemical additive manufacturing under different electrolyte temperatures. Its process is easy to control, convenient to operate, and low in cost, which can inject new vitality into electrochemical additive manufacturing for different needs at low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the electrochemical additive manufacturing process at room temperature. Figure 4 A flowchart of electrochemical additive manufacturing process at high temperatures; Figure 5 Scanning electron microscope image of nickel coating prepared in electrolyte at 20℃; Figure 6 Scanning electron microscope image of nickel coating prepared in electrolyte at 60℃; In the diagram: 1-PLC programmable controller; 2-stepper motor; 3-axis platform; 4-liquid pump; 5-insulation layer; 6-anode; 7-nozzle; 8-electrolyte tank; 9-digital temperature controller; 10-current acquisition device; 11-cathode substrate; 12-electrolyte; Figure 5 In the image, (a) and (b) represent scanning electron microscope images at two different magnifications; Figure 6 In the image, (a) and (b) represent scanning electron microscope images at two different magnifications. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0016] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality includes: The printing circuit includes a power supply, a nozzle 7, an anode 6, and a cathode substrate 11. The anode 6 is inserted into the electrolyte 12 of the nozzle 7. The power supply is connected to the anode 6 and the cathode substrate 11 respectively. When the nozzle 7 approaches the cathode substrate 11 at its tip, it forms a meniscus connecting its tip and the cathode substrate 11. The axis platform 3 is connected to the nozzle 7 and is used to drive the nozzle 7 to move so as to print the part on the cathode substrate 11 according to a predetermined path trajectory; An electrolyte tank 8 is connected to a nozzle 7 for supplying electrolyte 12 to the nozzle 7; The current acquisition device 10 is connected to the printing circuit and is used to acquire the current value flowing through the meniscus. The controller is connected to the current acquisition device 10 and the shaft platform 3 respectively. It is used to control the shaft platform 3 to move the nozzle 7 upward to make the current value less than the first current value without damaging the meniscus when the current value exceeds the first current value; and to control the shaft platform 3 to move the nozzle 7 upward to make the meniscus break when the current value is less than the second current value, and the first current value is greater than the second current value.

[0017] Specifically, in this embodiment, the nozzle 7 is controlled to move vertically based on the magnitude of the meniscus current. If the real-time current formed by the meniscus exceeds the user threshold, the nozzle 7 is automatically and slowly moved upward to reduce the current below the set point. If the feedback signal is sufficiently small, the nozzle 7 is activated, disrupting the formed meniscus, stopping the current flow, and the nozzle 7 is repositioned. The nozzle 7 and the cathode substrate 11 are then controlled to form a new meniscus at the previous position. During the movement of the meniscus, its shape changes, and the Faraday current changes dynamically. The Faraday current determines the amount of charge exchanged at the interface, thereby determining the amount of plating material and the rate of crystal nucleation. Therefore, establishing a stable and well-defined current range allows the printed part to achieve a uniformly grown structure. This embodiment can achieve high-quality printing by printing parts within the user-defined current threshold range. If the meniscus breaks during the printing process, the current will be too low. This embodiment can also monitor the meniscus condition, such as whether there is a break. If a break is found, adjustments are made in time to further improve the deposition quality and achieve the goal of improving the quality of the part.

[0018] Currently, the electrolytes used in electrochemical additive manufacturing devices are dissolved and recycled at room temperature to achieve additive manufacturing. For example, Imperial College London has used an electrochemical additive manufacturing device to print 3D copper parts at room temperature. Some European researchers have used automated methods to precisely control the electrochemical printing process, generating 3D nanoscale copper structures, but this still involves additive manufacturing at room temperature, which has certain limitations. Based on this, in one embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality also includes a temperature acquisition device for acquiring the temperature value of the electrolyte 12 in the electrolyte tank 8; wherein, An electrolyte tank 8 is mounted on a shaft platform 3. A nozzle 7 is mounted inside the electrolyte tank 8 and is surrounded by the electrolyte 12 inside the electrolyte tank 8. The tip seal passes through the electrolyte tank 8. The peripheral wall of the electrolyte tank 8 has a heating layer and a heat insulation layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The controller is connected to the temperature acquisition device and the heating layer respectively, and is used to control the operation of the heating layer according to the temperature value so that the temperature of the electrolyte 12 in the electrolyte tank 8 is maintained within the preset temperature range.

[0019] Considering that the nozzle 7 is relatively small, it is not easy to directly heat the nozzle 7. Even if it could be done, slight heating would cause a sudden change in the electrolyte 12 inside the nozzle, which would be detrimental to temperature control. In this embodiment, the nozzle is placed in the electrolyte tank 8, and the nozzle 7 is heated by heating the electrolyte 12 inside the electrolyte tank 8. On the one hand, this is easy to implement, and on the other hand, it helps to maintain the temperature of the electrolyte 12 inside the nozzle 7 within a preset range, thereby improving the printing quality.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the controller may include a PLC programmable controller 1 and a digital temperature controller 9. The PLC programmable controller is used to control the shaft platform 3 to drive the electrolytic electrolyte tank 8 and the nozzle 7 to move in the vertical direction according to the current value. The digital temperature controller 9 is used to control the operation of the heating layer according to the temperature value.

[0021] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electrolyte tank 8 is connected to the nozzle 7 through the liquid extraction pipe. The liquid extraction pipe is wrapped with a heat insulation layer 5 and is equipped with a liquid extraction pump 4.

[0022] The cathode substrate 11 is a copper plate or a stainless steel plate.

[0023] Nozzle 7 is a pipette.

[0024] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, an electrochemical additive manufacturing method for improving part quality includes: The current value of the meniscus is collected during the printing process along a predetermined path trajectory. The meniscus is formed between the tip of the nozzle 7 and the cathode substrate 11. If the current value exceeds the first current value, move nozzle 7 upward until the current value is less than the first current value without damaging the meniscus. If the current value is less than the second current value, the nozzle 7 is moved upward until the meniscus breaks, and the first current value is greater than the second current value.

[0025] In one embodiment, after moving the nozzle 7 upward to cause the meniscus to rupture, the method further includes: Reposition the nozzle 7 tip so that the nozzle 7 tip and the cathode substrate 11 form a new curved liquid surface at the previous printing position, and continue printing along the predetermined path.

[0026] In one embodiment, an electrochemical additive manufacturing method for improving part quality further includes: During the printing process along a predetermined path, the temperature of the electrolyte 12 inside the nozzle 7 is controlled within a preset range.

[0027] In one embodiment, controlling the temperature of the electrolyte 12 within the nozzle 7 within a preset range includes: Collect the temperature value of electrolyte 12 in electrolyte tank 8; The heating layer inside the electrolyte tank 8 is controlled according to the temperature value; wherein... The nozzle 7 is installed inside the electrolyte tank 8 and is surrounded by the electrolyte 12 inside the electrolyte tank 8. The tip seal passes through the electrolyte tank 8, and the electrolyte tank 8 and the nozzle 7 move synchronously.

[0028] The technical solutions involved in the above embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0029] Example 1: As Figure 1As shown, an electrochemical additive manufacturing device for improving part quality includes: a power supply, a PLC programmable controller 1, a three-axis stepper motor 2, an axis platform 3, a liquid pump 4, a heat insulation layer 5, an anode 6, a nozzle 7, an electrolyte tank 8, a digital temperature controller 9, a current acquisition device 10, a cathode substrate 11, and an electrolyte 12. The nozzle 7 is a pipette, and the power supply is a DC regulated power supply. The PLC programmable controller 1 uses Mitsubishi's FX3U as its control core, connected to a three-axis stepper motor 2 to drive the axis platform 3, which in turn moves the nozzle 7 and the electrolyte tank 8 along a predetermined path. The pump 4 is an electric pump, with one end connected to the inside of the electrolyte tank 8 through a pumping tube, and the other end introduced into the rear opening of the pipette through the pumping tube, circulating electrolyte to replenish the metal ions consumed in the pipette. Similarly, the outside of the pumping tube is wrapped with a heat insulation layer 5 to prevent heat exchange between the liquid inside the tube and the outside environment, thus maintaining the current temperature of the electrolyte. The anode 6 is introduced into the electrolyte inside the pipette through the rear opening of the pipette and installed inside the pipette, maintaining an appropriate electrode distance from the cathode substrate 11. The other end is connected to a DC regulated power supply, allowing direct contact between the cathode substrate 11 and the anode 6. A stable voltage circuit is formed; the pipette is a micropipette with an opening diameter of 0.4 mm, filled with the required metal electrolyte; the electrolyte tank 8 is fixed at the pipette mounting location, with an outer heat insulation layer and an inner heating layer, and the electrolyte tank 8 moves together with the pipette according to the programmed path; the digital temperature controller 9 controls the real-time temperature of the electrolyte tank 8; the current acquisition device 10 has its acquisition ends connected to the upper end of the anode 6 and one side of the cathode substrate 11 respectively. When the nozzle 7 is suspended in the air, the current is not measured. When the tip of the nozzle 7 is close enough to the substrate 11, a meniscus is formed, completing the current path, and the electrodeposition process begins. The obtained signal is the small current signal formed by the meniscus during the printing process; the cathode substrate 11 is a metal substrate, such as a copper substrate or a stainless steel substrate; the electrolyte is a metal ion electrolyte.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, in this additive manufacturing device, Mitsubishi's FX3U series PLC is used as the control core, the human-machine interface device (touch screen) is MT8051iE model, and it is connected to the PLC via RS485 communication protocol. The current acquisition device 10 transmits current information data through the A / D digital-to-analog conversion channel and is read and written by the PLC. The nozzle 7 is adjusted in real time during the printing process.

[0031] Example 2: An electrochemical additive manufacturing method with current feedback and temperature control, employing an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality as described in Example 1. The room-temperature preparation method in this example specifically includes the following steps (taking electrochemical additive manufacturing of nickel parts as an example): like Figure 3 As shown: (1) Prepare the electrolyte solution. Electrolyte 12 is a Watt's nickel solution, composed of 488 g / L nickel sulfate heptahydrate (NiSO4·7H2O), 30 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl·6H2O), and 10 g / L boric acid (H3BO3). Add deionized water to the powder and stir the mixture on a magnetic stirrer. Adjust the pH of the electrolyte to 4.5 by adding 20% ​​sulfuric acid solution using a pH meter.

[0032] (2) A copper plate (150×150×1.5 mm) was used as the material for the cathode substrate 11. The surface of the cathode substrate 11 was polished sequentially with sandpaper (W5, W8, W10, W20) and 1-micron diamond dielectric until there were no visible scratches on the surface of the cathode substrate 11. Then, the polished cathode substrate 11 was ultrasonically cleaned for 30 minutes, activated in 20% dilute hydrochloric acid (analytical grade) for 1 minute, and finally washed with deionized water.

[0033] (3) Add Watt's nickel solution to the electrolyte tank 8, and add an appropriate amount of Watt's nickel solution to the pipette by controlling the pump 4; (4) Install the anode 6 in the Watt nickel electrolyte (Watt nickel solution) inside the pipette, and adjust the electrode spacing between it and the cathode substrate 11 to 5mm. Connect the anode 6 and the cathode substrate 11 to a DC regulated power supply to obtain a stable voltage. Set the voltage to 2V. On the other hand, connect the anode 6 to the cathode substrate 11 to a high-precision current acquisition device 10. Input the relevant printing parameters and define the current threshold through the PLC human-machine interface to prepare for printing. (5) The PLC programmable controller 1 issues a printing command, with a cycle of 10 times, i.e., printing 10 layers. The moving speed of the pipette along the predetermined trajectory is set to 0.2 mm / s. The three-axis stepper motor 2 drives the shaft platform 3 to move the pipette and the electrolyte tank 8. When the electrolyte meniscus at the tip of the nozzle 7 contacts the cathode substrate 11, the tip of the nozzle 7 deposits a nickel coating layer by layer on the cathode substrate 11. During the printing process, the small current of the meniscus fed back is greater than the first predefined current value. The PLC programmable controller 1 will send a command to control the pipette to move slowly upward without damaging the meniscus, until the current value fed back is less than the first predefined current value. If the current fed back is small enough and less than the second predefined current value, the PLC programmable controller 1 will send a command to control the pipette to move upward, causing the meniscus to break. The tip of the nozzle 7 is suspended in the air and repositioned to form a new meniscus with the cathode substrate 11 at the previous printing position. The printing continues along the predetermined path, repeating this process until a square nickel coating with an area of ​​10×10 mm and 10 layers is printed.

[0034] Example 3: An electrochemical additive manufacturing method with current feedback and temperature control, employing an electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality as described in Example 1. The high-temperature preparation method in this example specifically includes the following steps (taking electrochemical additive manufacturing of nickel parts as an example): like Figure 4 As shown: (1) Prepare the electrolyte solution. Electrolyte 12 is a Watt's nickel solution, composed of 488 g / L nickel sulfate heptahydrate (NiSO4·7H2O), 30 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl·6H2O), and 10 g / L boric acid (H3BO3). Add deionized water to the powder and stir the mixture on a magnetic stirrer. Adjust the pH of the electrolyte to 4.5 by adding 20% ​​sulfuric acid solution using a pH meter.

[0035] (2) A copper plate (150×150×1.5 mm) was used as the material for the cathode substrate 11. The substrate surface was polished sequentially with sandpaper (W5, W8, W10, W20) and 1-micron diamond dielectric until there were no visible scratches on the surface of the cathode substrate 11. Then, the polished cathode substrate 11 was ultrasonically cleaned for 30 minutes, activated in 20% dilute hydrochloric acid (analytical grade) for 1 minute, and finally washed with deionized water.

[0036] (3) Add Watt's nickel solution to the electrolyte tank 8, start the digital display temperature controller 9, set the heating temperature to 60°C, heat to 60°C and keep it constant, and add an appropriate amount of Watt's nickel solution at 60°C to the pipette by controlling the pump 4. (4) Install the anode 6 in the Watt nickel electrolyte (Watt nickel solution) inside the pipette, and adjust the electrode spacing between it and the cathode substrate 11 to 5mm. Connect the anode 6 and the cathode substrate 11 to a DC regulated power supply to obtain a stable voltage. Set the voltage to 2V. On the other hand, connect the anode 6 to the cathode substrate 11 to a high-precision current acquisition device 10. Input the relevant printing parameters and define the current threshold through the PLC human-machine interface to prepare for printing. (5) The PLC programmable controller 1 issues a printing command, with a cycle count of 10 times, i.e., printing 10 layers. The moving speed of the pipette along the pre-programmed trajectory is set to 0.2 mm / s. The three-axis stepper motor 2 drives the axis platform 3 to move the pipette and the electrolyte tank 8. When the electrolyte meniscus at the tip of the nozzle 7 contacts the cathode substrate 11, a nickel coating is deposited layer by layer on the cathode substrate 11 at the tip of the nozzle 7. If the small current of the meniscus fed back during printing is greater than the predefined first current value, the PLC programmable controller 1 will send a command to control the pipette to move slowly upward without damaging the meniscus, until the feedback current value is less than the predefined first current value. If the feedback current is small enough, less than the predefined second current value, the PLC programmable controller 1 will send a command to control the pipette to move upward, causing the meniscus to break. The tip of the nozzle 7 is suspended in the air and repositioned to form a new meniscus with the cathode substrate 11 at the previous printing position. Printing continues according to the programmed path, repeating this process until an area of ​​10×10 is printed. A square nickel coating with a diameter of mm, 10 layers, and an electrolyte temperature of 60°C.

[0037] Using the electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality described in Example 1, two 10×10 mm square nickel coatings with 10 layers were prepared by electrochemical additive manufacturing at electrolyte 12 temperatures of 20°C and 60°C. Their scanning electron microscope morphology is shown below. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this is evident at the microscopic level. In Figure 5 In the first instance, at an electrolyte temperature of 20°C, the surface morphology consisted of numerous small particles, with spherical Ni²⁺ particles distributed on the surface of the cathode substrate 11. However, at an electrolyte temperature of 60°C, the surface morphology of the printed Ni coating was no longer spherical, but instead pyramidal, with small pyramidal crystals observed, resulting in bright deposits. This clearly illustrates the differences in the microstructure of the printed coating under different electrolyte temperatures. Furthermore, it was found that the reduced nickel coatings all formed dense layers with a tight and uniform surface, with no obvious defects observed. Therefore, this invention can effectively improve the deposition quality of electrochemical additive manufacturing parts and meet the needs of electrochemical additive manufacturing at different electrolyte temperatures.

[0038] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality, characterized in that, include: The printing circuit includes a power supply, a nozzle (7), an anode (6), and a cathode substrate (11). The anode (6) is inserted into the electrolyte (12) of the nozzle (7). The power supply is connected to the anode (6) and the cathode substrate (11). When the nozzle (7) approaches the cathode substrate (11) at its tip, it forms a meniscus connecting its tip and the cathode substrate (11). A shaft platform (3) is connected to the nozzle (7) and is used to drive the nozzle (7) to move so as to print parts on the cathode substrate (11) according to a predetermined path trajectory; An electrolyte tank (8) is connected to the nozzle (7) for supplying electrolyte (12) to the nozzle (7); A current acquisition device (10) is connected to the printing circuit and is used to acquire the current value flowing through the meniscus. The controller is connected to the current acquisition device (10) and the shaft platform (3) respectively. It is used to control the shaft platform (3) to drive the nozzle (7) to move upward so that the current value is less than the first current value and the meniscus is not damaged when the current value exceeds the first current value; and to control the shaft platform (3) to drive the nozzle (7) to move upward so that the meniscus is broken when the current value is less than the second current value, where the first current value is greater than the second current value. A temperature acquisition device is used to acquire the temperature value of the electrolyte (12) in the electrolyte tank (8); wherein, The electrolyte tank (8) is installed on the shaft platform (3), the nozzle (7) is installed in the electrolyte tank (8) and surrounded by the electrolyte (12) in the electrolyte tank (8), the tip seal passes through the electrolyte tank (8), and the peripheral wall of the electrolyte tank (8) has a heating layer and a heat preservation layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; The controller is connected to the temperature acquisition device and the heating layer respectively, and is used to control the operation of the heating layer according to the temperature value so that the temperature of the electrolyte (12) in the electrolyte tank (8) is maintained within the preset temperature range.

2. The electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte tank (8) is connected to the nozzle (7) through a liquid extraction pipe. The liquid extraction pipe is wrapped with a heat insulation layer (5) and a liquid extraction pump (4) is installed on the liquid extraction pipe.

3. The electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cathode substrate (11) is a copper plate or a stainless steel plate.

4. The electrochemical additive manufacturing apparatus for improving part quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle (7) is a pipette.

5. An electrochemical additive manufacturing method for improving part quality, characterized in that, include: The current value of the meniscus is collected during the printing of the part along a predetermined path trajectory. The meniscus is formed between the tip of the nozzle (7) and the cathode substrate (11). If the current value exceeds the first current value, the nozzle (7) is moved upwards until the current value is less than the first current value, without damaging the meniscus. If the current value is less than the second current value, the nozzle (7) is moved upward until the meniscus breaks, and the first current value is greater than the second current value; During the printing process along a predetermined path, the temperature of the electrolyte (12) in the nozzle (7) is controlled within a preset range; The temperature of the electrolyte (12) in the control nozzle (7) is within a preset range, including: Collect the temperature value of the electrolyte (12) in the electrolyte tank (8); The heating layer inside the electrolyte tank (8) is controlled to operate according to the temperature value; wherein, The nozzle (7) is installed in the electrolyte tank (8) and surrounded by the electrolyte (12) in the electrolyte tank (8). The tip seal passes through the electrolyte tank (8). The electrolyte tank (8) and the nozzle (7) move synchronously.

6. The electrochemical additive manufacturing method for improving part quality according to claim 5, characterized in that, After moving the nozzle (7) upward to cause the meniscus to rupture, the method further includes: Reposition the tip of the nozzle (7) so that the tip of the nozzle (7) and the cathode substrate (11) form a new curved liquid surface at the previous printing position, and continue printing according to the predetermined path trajectory.

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