A high temperature gas cooled reactor steam production and supply system

Abstract

This disclosure provides a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system. In this system, the reactor outlet is connected to the shell-side inlet of a first steam generator via a hot helium pipeline; the shell-side outlet of the first steam generator is connected to the tube-side inlet of a second steam generator via a gas transmission pipeline; the tube-side outlet of the second steam generator is connected to the reactor inlet via a cold helium pipeline; the feedwater outlet is connected to the shell-side inlet of the second steam generator via a main feedwater pipeline; the shell-side outlet of the second steam generator is connected to the tube-side inlet of the first steam generator via a first steam supply pipeline; and the tube-side outlet of the first steam generator is connected to the first inlet of the steam turbine via a second steam supply pipeline. This segmented steam generation mechanism reduces the structural complexity of the steam generator, lowers the manufacturing difficulty, reduces the complexity of the steam generator's operating conditions, and avoids equipment damage caused by internal stress within the steam generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure pertains to the field of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor technology, specifically relating to a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) use direct-flow steam generators. Because the primary and secondary loop parameters of HTGRs are significantly higher than those of conventional pressurized water reactors, the steam generator contains subcooled, saturated, and superheated sections. Due to these reasons, the current steam generator structure is complex, and it experiences high stress and stringent operating conditions during operation, severely limiting the efficiency and start-up / shutdown flexibility of the HTGR.

[0003] Meanwhile, due to the structural characteristics of the steam generator, shaft seal steam cannot be supplied normally for a long period of time during turbine startup and shutdown, making the plant heavily reliant on auxiliary boilers, which poses a challenge to the stability and reliability of power plant operation.

[0004] Due to the internal structural characteristics of the steam generator and the arrangement of the secondary loop, the steam generated in the initial stage of startup cannot be utilized, resulting in a large waste of energy and reducing the efficiency of the power plant.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, it is necessary to propose a well-designed and effective steam production and supply system for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present disclosure aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system.

[0007] This disclosure provides a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system, the system including a reactor, a first steam generator, a second steam generator, a steam turbine, and a feedwater source;

[0008] The reactor outlet is connected to the shell-side inlet of the first steam generator via a hot helium pipe.

[0009] The shell-side outlet of the first steam generator is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the second steam generator via a gas transmission pipeline;

[0010] The tube-side outlet of the second steam generator is connected to the inlet of the reactor via a cold helium pipe;

[0011] The outlet of the water source is connected to the shell-side inlet of the second steam generator through the main water supply pipeline, so that the second steam generator produces saturated steam;

[0012] The shell-side outlet of the second steam generator is connected to the shell-side inlet of the first steam generator through a first steam supply pipe, so that the first steam generator produces superheated steam.

[0013] The pipe-side outlet of the first steam generator is connected to the first inlet of the steam turbine through a second steam supply pipe to provide superheated steam to the steam turbine and drive the steam turbine to generate electricity.

[0014] Optionally, a third steam supply pipeline may also be included;

[0015] The first end of the third steam supply pipeline is connected to the first steam supply pipeline, and the second end of the third steam supply pipeline is connected to the second inlet of the steam turbine, so as to supply the saturated steam to the steam turbine during the start-up and shutdown of the steam turbine, thereby providing shaft sealing steam to the steam turbine.

[0016] Optional features also include a fourth steam supply line, a deaerator, and a heater;

[0017] The first end of the fourth steam supply pipeline is connected to the third steam supply pipeline, and the second end of the fourth steam supply pipeline is connected to the deaerator and the heater, respectively.

[0018] Optionally, the fourth steam supply pipeline includes a main pipe section, a first branch pipe section, and a second branch pipe section;

[0019] The inlet of the main pipe section is connected to the third gas supply pipeline, and the outlet of the main pipe section is connected to the inlet of the first branch pipe section and the inlet of the second branch pipe section, respectively.

[0020] The outlet of the first branch pipe section is connected to the inlet of the heater;

[0021] The outlet of the second branch pipe section is connected to the inlet of the deaerator.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes a first isolation valve, which is connected in series with the first steam supply pipeline; wherein,

[0023] The first end of the first isolation valve is connected to the shell-side outlet of the second steam generator, and the second end of the first isolation valve is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the first steam generator.

[0024] Optionally, it also includes a second isolation valve, which is connected in series with the third steam supply pipeline; wherein,

[0025] The first end of the second isolation valve is connected to the first end of the first isolation valve, and the second end of the second isolation valve is connected to the first end of the fourth steam supply pipeline and the second inlet of the steam turbine.

[0026] Optionally, a third isolation valve may also be included, which is connected in series with the second steam supply pipeline.

[0027] Optionally, it also includes a main water supply pump, which is connected in series with the main water supply pipeline.

[0028] This disclosure discloses a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system. In this system, the outlet of the feedwater source is connected to the shell-side inlet of a second steam generator via a main feedwater pipeline, enabling the second steam generator to produce saturated steam. The shell-side outlet of the second steam generator is connected to the shell-side inlet of a first steam generator via a first steam supply pipeline, enabling the first steam generator to produce superheated steam. The pipe-side outlet of the first steam generator is connected to the first inlet of a steam turbine via a second steam supply pipeline, supplying superheated steam to the turbine to drive it for power generation. By sequentially connecting the first and second steam generators in both the helium and steam circuits, with the second steam generator producing saturated steam and the first steam generator producing superheated steam, the arrangement of the steam generator system in the prior art is changed, altering the steam generation process. Through a segmented steam generation mechanism, the structural complexity of the steam generator is reduced, the manufacturing difficulty of the steam generator is lowered, and the complexity of the operating conditions of the steam generator is reduced, avoiding equipment damage caused by internal stress in the steam generator. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the embodiments of this disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this disclosure provides a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system, the system including a reactor 1, a first steam generator 2, a second steam generator 3, a steam turbine 4, and a feedwater source 5.

[0032] It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the first steam generator 2 and the second steam generator 3 adopt a shell-and-tube structure, resulting in a simple structure for the steam generators. Helium flows through the shell side of each steam generator, while feedwater flows through the tube side of each steam generator.

[0033] It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, the water source 5 is condensate.

[0034] The outlet of reactor 1 is connected to the shell-side inlet of the first steam generator 2 via a hot helium pipe 6.

[0035] The shell-side outlet of the first steam generator 2 is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the second steam generator 3 via a gas transmission pipe 7.

[0036] The tube-side outlet of the second steam generator 3 is connected to the inlet of reactor 1 via a cold helium pipe 8.

[0037] The outlet of water source 5 is connected to the shell-side inlet of the second steam generator 3 through the main water supply pipe 9, so that the second steam generator 3 can generate saturated steam.

[0038] The shell-side outlet of the second steam generator 3 is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the first steam generator 2 through the first gas supply pipe 10, so that the first steam generator 2 generates superheated steam.

[0039] The pipe-side outlet of the first steam generator 2 is connected to the first inlet of the steam turbine 4 through the second gas supply pipe 11 to provide superheated steam to the steam turbine 4 and drive the steam turbine to generate electricity.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the high-temperature helium gas generated by reactor 1 enters the shell side of the first steam generator 2 through the hot helium pipe 6, thereby cooling the high-temperature helium gas.

[0041] The hot helium, after being cooled in the first steam generator 2, enters the pipe side of the second steam generator 3 through the gas pipeline 7 for further cooling.

[0042] After being cooled in the second steam generator 3, the helium gas returns to the reactor 1 through the cold helium pipeline 8. The reactor 1 reheats the incoming cold helium to produce high-temperature helium gas, completing one helium gas loop cycle, which is the primary loop cycle of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.

[0043] Water from water source 5 enters the shell side of the second steam generator 3 through the main water supply pipe 9. The water from the second steam generator 3 generates saturated steam under the preheating of cold helium.

[0044] The saturated steam generated by the second steam generator 3 enters the pipe side of the first steam generator 2 through the first gas supply pipe 10. The saturated steam entering the first steam generator 2 is heated to superheated steam by the reheating of hot helium, that is, superheated steam is generated.

[0045] The superheated steam generated by the first steam generator 2 enters the steam turbine 4 through the second steam supply pipe 11, providing superheated steam to the steam turbine 4 to drive the steam turbine 4 to generate electricity.

[0046] This disclosure discloses a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system. By sequentially connecting a first steam generator and a second steam generator in both the helium loop and the steam loop, the second steam generator produces saturated steam, while the first steam generator produces superheated steam. This changes the arrangement of the steam generator system in the prior art, alters the steam generation process, and reduces the structural complexity and manufacturing difficulty of the steam generator through a segmented steam generation mechanism. It also reduces the complexity of the operating conditions of the steam generator and avoids equipment damage caused by internal stress in the steam generator.

[0047] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system of this embodiment also includes a third steam supply pipeline 12.

[0048] The first end of the third steam supply pipeline 12 is connected to the first steam supply pipeline 10, and the second end of the third steam supply pipeline 12 is connected to the second inlet of the steam turbine 4, so as to supply saturated steam to the steam turbine 4 during startup and shutdown, and then provide shaft sealing steam to the steam turbine 4.

[0049] Specifically, the saturated steam generated by the second steam generator 3 is delivered to the steam turbine 4 through the third steam supply pipeline 12, which can provide shaft sealing steam for the shaft seal during the initial start-up, normal operation (low power stage) and shutdown of the steam turbine 4.

[0050] It should be noted that as long as the second steam generator 3 produces saturated steam, it can provide shaft sealing steam for the steam turbine 4. Especially during the start-up and shutdown process of the steam turbine 4, it is not necessary to rely on auxiliary boilers or other devices to provide shaft sealing steam for the steam turbine 4.

[0051] The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system of this disclosure provides shaft sealing steam to the turbine via a third steam pipeline. This ensures uninterrupted shaft sealing steam supply during turbine startup and shutdown, preventing damage to the turbine due to shaft sealing interruption and increasing the stability and reliability of the power plant operation. Furthermore, no additional auxiliary devices are required to supply shaft sealing steam during turbine startup and shutdown, simplifying the gas supply system and saving costs.

[0052] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system according to an embodiment of this disclosure also includes a fourth steam supply pipeline, a deaerator 14, and a heater 15.

[0053] The first end of the fourth steam supply pipeline is connected to the third steam supply pipeline 12, and the second end of the fourth steam supply pipeline 13 is connected to the deaerator 14 and the heater 15 respectively.

[0054] Specifically, the saturated steam generated by the second steam generator 3 sequentially enters the deaerator 14 and heater 15 through the third steam supply pipeline 12 and the fourth steam supply pipeline, providing a heating gas source for the deaerator 14 and heater 15. During unit operation, in order to achieve higher operating efficiency, the feedwater needs to be preheated to increase its temperature. During normal operation, steam extracted from the turbine 4 is introduced into the deaerator 14 and heater 15 to heat the feedwater, realizing steam utilization in the initial stage of the power plant, saving steam waste during the initial startup, reducing steam waste, and improving power plant efficiency.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fourth gas supply pipeline includes a main pipe section 13a, a first branch pipe section 13b, and a second branch pipe section 13c.

[0056] The inlet of the main pipe section 13a is connected to the third steam supply pipe 12, and the outlet of the main pipe section 13a is connected to the inlet of the first branch pipe section 13b and the inlet of the second branch pipe section 13c. The outlet of the first branch pipe section 13b is connected to the inlet of the heater 15, and the outlet of the second branch pipe section 13c is connected to the inlet of the deaerator 14.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system is provided. Saturated steam generated by a second steam generator enters the deaerator and heater sequentially through a third steam supply pipeline and a fourth steam supply pipeline, thereby providing a heating steam source for the deaerator and heater. This realizes the utilization of steam in the initial stage of the power plant, saves steam waste in the initial stage of startup, reduces steam waste, and improves the efficiency of the power plant.

[0058] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a first isolation valve 16, which is connected in series with the first steam supply pipeline 10.

[0059] The first end of the first isolation valve 16 is connected to the shell-side outlet of the second steam generator 3, and the second end of the first isolation valve 16 is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the first steam generator 2.

[0060] Specifically, when the second steam generator 3 needs to supply saturated steam to the first steam generator 2, the first isolation valve 16 is opened; when the second steam generator 3 does not need to supply saturated steam to the first steam generator 2, the first isolation valve 16 is closed.

[0061] In this embodiment, the opening and closing of the first isolation valve 16 can control the opening and closing of the first steam supply pipeline 1. By controlling the first isolation valve 16, the isolation and online operation between the first steam generator 2 and the second steam generator 3 can be effectively achieved. The first isolation valve 16 can ensure that the saturated steam generated by the second steam generator 3 is supplied to the turbine 4 shaft seal, heater 15, and deaerator 14 during the start-up phase, or ensure that the first steam generator 2 is isolated and steam is supplied to the turbine 4 shaft seal, heater 15, and deaerator 14 during low-power operation of the reactor 1.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system according to an embodiment of this disclosure further includes a second isolation valve 17, which is connected in series with the third steam supply pipeline 12.

[0063] The first end of the second isolation valve 17 is connected to the first end of the first isolation valve 16, and the second end of the second isolation valve 17 is connected to the first end of the fourth steam supply pipeline and the second inlet of the steam turbine 4.

[0064] Specifically, the second isolation valve 17 is opened when the second steam generator 3 needs to supply shaft sealing steam to the steam turbine 4, and when the second steam generator 3 needs to supply heating gas to the deaerator 14 and heater 15; the second isolation valve 17 is closed when the second steam generator 3 does not need to supply shaft sealing steam to the steam turbine 4, and when the second steam generator 3 does not need to supply heating gas to the deaerator 14 and heater 15.

[0065] In this embodiment, during the high-power phase of the turbine 4, before the turbine 4 achieves self-sealing, the second isolation valve 17 isolates the heating steam source from the turbine 4 shaft seal and the heater 15 and deaerator 14. During the high-power phase, the turbine 4 uses conventional unit steam supply methods for the turbine shaft seal and other steam supply.

[0066] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the opening and closing of the second isolation valve can control the opening and closing of the third steam supply pipeline and the fourth steam supply pipeline. By controlling the second isolation valve, the isolation and online connection between the second steam generator and the steam turbine, as well as between the second steam generator and the deaerator and heater, can be better achieved.

[0067] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system according to an embodiment of this disclosure also includes a third isolation valve 18, which is connected in series with the second steam supply pipeline 11.

[0068] Specifically, when the first steam generator 2 needs to supply superheated steam to the turbine 4 to generate electricity, the third isolation valve 18 is opened, and the superheated steam generated by the first steam generator 2 enters the turbine 4 through the second gas supply pipe 11; when the first steam generator 2 does not need to supply superheated steam to the turbine 4, the third isolation valve 18 is closed.

[0069] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the opening and closing of the third isolation valve can control the opening and closing of the second gas supply pipeline. By controlling the third isolation valve, the isolation and online connection between the first steam generator and the steam turbine can be better achieved.

[0070] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system according to an embodiment of this disclosure also includes a main feedwater pump 19, which is connected in series with the main feedwater pipeline 9.

[0071] Specifically, the water in the water source 5 is pumped through the main water supply pipe 9 to the pipe-side inlet of the second steam generator 3 by the main water supply pump 19.

[0072] It should be noted that the operating principle of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam production and supply system in this embodiment is as follows:

[0073] Initially, as Figure 1 As shown, the first steam generator 2 and the second steam generator 3 are connected in series in both the helium circuit and the steam circuit. The initial system has been flushed clean. Figure 1 The isolation valves in the system are both closed.

[0074] Open the first isolation valve 16, the second isolation valve 17, and the third isolation valve 18. The high-temperature helium gas generated by reactor 1 enters the first steam generator 2 through the hot helium pipe 6 for heat exchange. The helium gas after heat exchange enters the second steam generator 3 through the gas transmission pipe 7 for further heat exchange. The helium gas that has been heat-exchanged again in the second steam generator 3 returns to reactor 1 through the cold helium pipe 8. Reactor 1 reheats the incoming cold helium to generate high-temperature helium gas, completing one helium gas loop cycle, which is the primary loop cycle of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.

[0075] The main feedwater pump 19 transports the feedwater from the water source 5 through the main feedwater pipeline 9 to the second steam generator 3 for preheating to generate saturated steam.

[0076] The saturated steam generated by the second steam generator 3 enters the first steam generator 2 through the first steam supply pipe 10. The saturated steam entering the first steam generator 2 is reheated to produce superheated steam. The superheated steam enters the steam turbine 4 through the second steam supply pipe 11, driving the steam turbine 4 to do work, and in turn driving the steam turbine 4 to generate electricity.

[0077] The saturated steam generated by the second steam generator 3 is supplied to the turbine 4 via the third steam supply pipeline 12 during the initial startup, normal operation (low power stage), and shutdown processes, thereby providing shaft seal steam to the turbine 4. Simultaneously, the saturated steam generated by the second steam generator 3 is transported to the deaerator 14 and heater 15 via the fourth steam supply pipeline, thus providing a heating gas source for the deaerator 14 and heater 15.

[0078] When turbine 4 is operating at high power, the second isolation valve 17 is closed to isolate the heating steam source for turbine 4 shaft seals, heater 15, and deaerator 14. During high power operation, turbine 4 uses conventional unit steam supply methods for turbine shaft seals and other steam supply.

[0079] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this disclosure, and the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the embodiments of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the protection scope of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A high temperature gas cooled reactor steam production and supply system, characterized in that, The system includes a reactor, a first steam generator, a second steam generator, a steam turbine, and a feedwater source; The reactor outlet is connected to the shell-side inlet of the first steam generator via a hot helium pipeline; the shell-side outlet of the first steam generator is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the second steam generator via a gas transmission pipeline; the pipe-side outlet of the second steam generator is connected to the reactor inlet via a cold helium pipeline; wherein, the high-temperature helium generated by the reactor is cooled sequentially by the first steam generator and the second steam generator and then returned to the reactor, and the reactor reheats the incoming cold helium to generate high-temperature helium, completing a helium loop cycle; The outlet of the water source is connected to the shell-side inlet of the second steam generator through the main water supply pipeline, so that the second steam generator produces saturated steam; The shell-side outlet of the second steam generator is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the first steam generator through the first steam supply pipe, so that the first steam generator produces superheated steam. The pipe-side outlet of the first steam generator is connected to the first inlet of the steam turbine through a second steam supply pipeline to provide superheated steam to the steam turbine and drive the steam turbine to generate electricity; It also includes a third steam supply pipeline; The first end of the third steam supply pipeline is connected to the first steam supply pipeline, and the second end of the third steam supply pipeline is connected to the second inlet of the steam turbine. This allows for the supply of saturated steam to the steam turbine during startup and shutdown, thereby providing shaft seal steam to the steam turbine. This ensures shaft seal steam supply during turbine startup and shutdown, preventing damage to the steam turbine due to shaft seal interruption and increasing the stability and reliability of the power plant operation. Furthermore, during turbine startup and shutdown, no additional auxiliary devices are required to provide shaft seal steam to the steam turbine, simplifying the structure of the gas supply system and saving costs. It also includes a fourth steam supply pipeline, a deaerator, and a heater; The first end of the fourth steam supply pipeline is connected to the third steam supply pipeline, and the second end of the fourth steam supply pipeline is connected to the deaerator and the heater respectively. The saturated steam generated by the second steam generator enters the deaerator and the heater sequentially through the third steam supply pipeline and the fourth steam supply pipeline, providing a heating gas source for the deaerator and the heater. This realizes the utilization of steam in the initial stage of the power plant, saves steam waste in the initial stage of startup, reduces steam waste, and improves the efficiency of the power plant.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The fourth steam supply pipeline includes a main pipe section, a first branch pipe section, and a second branch pipe section; The inlet of the main pipe section is connected to the third gas supply pipeline, and the outlet of the main pipe section is connected to the inlet of the first branch pipe section and the inlet of the second branch pipe section, respectively. The outlet of the first branch pipe section is connected to the inlet of the heater; The outlet of the second branch pipe section is connected to the inlet of the deaerator.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a first isolation valve, which is connected in series with the first steam supply pipeline; wherein, The first end of the first isolation valve is connected to the shell-side outlet of the second steam generator, and the second end of the first isolation valve is connected to the pipe-side inlet of the first steam generator.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a second isolation valve, which is connected in series with the third steam supply pipeline; wherein, The first end of the second isolation valve is connected to the first end of the first isolation valve, and the second end of the second isolation valve is connected to the first end of the fourth steam supply pipeline and the second inlet of the steam turbine.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a third isolation valve, which is connected in series with the second steam supply pipeline.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a main water supply pump, which is connected in series with the main water supply pipeline.

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